2nd Sep Full Set

Edited by Foxit Reader Copyright(C) by Foxit Software Company,2005-2008 For Evaluation Only.

Document Contents 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Zensys presentation for Z Wave Ember, PRI & Trilliant presentation for ZigBee at 2.4Hz Coronis presentation for Wavenis Cambridge Silicon Radio presentation for Bluetooth low energy Amtel presentation for ZigBee at 868MHz Q’Vedis presentation for Wireless M-Bus

Disclaimer This document is a compilation of presentations by organisations not affiliated with the Energy Retail Association. To the extent permitted by law, the Energy Retail Association do not accept liability for any loss which may arise from reliance upon information contained in this document.

Copyright All of the content within this document remains copyright of the original parties who hold any such rights.

Zensys Overview presentation to

ERA SRSM Local Communications Workshop #4 Sep 2, 2008

Niels Thybo Johansen CTO, Zensys

© Zensys Inc., 2008 – Confidential

Products that speak Z-Wave work together better.™

Introduction ƒ Z-Wave = ONLY interoperable market success for wireless HAN – Established in the market, 300 products, 200 companies, various channels, many application all INTEROPERABLE

ƒ Z Z-Wave W for f smartt metering t i HAN can be b tied ti d wellll to t other th last l t mile il solutions via bridge architecture as well as integrated to IP via Z/IP – Horstmann and Trilliant products / examples / demo’s

ƒ Z-Wave’s ecosystem in the UK (HVAC & lighting) can be greatly leveraged for energy display – A Horstmann or Danfoss thermostat can double duty as an energy display and reduce utilities investments on the display roll-out

ƒ Z-Wave is being opened up through collaboration with Cisco in the Z-Wave alliance and the convergence with IP in Z/IP ƒ Z-Wave will have 2nd source silicon through the investment of Panasonic in Zensys ƒ Z-Wave has a new full device class for smart metering © Zensys Inc., 2008 – Confidential

Products that speak Z-Wave work together better.™

1

What you need to know ƒ Zensys has always focused on the network / ecosystem first before driving the gateways (smart meters) ƒ In the UK the key light control companies and HVAC companies have Z-Wave products or will have them soon – It does not make any sense to be the only fax machine in a network – Would love to introduce these UK companies to let them tell why they chose Z-Wave and what they can do for you

ƒ Z-Wave has roll-out and trials in smart metering (Horstmann, Modstroem, DEST) but have not yet been beating the PR drum. ƒ Z Z-Wave Wave contains all IP needed for HAN – Avoid IP infringement lawsuits during trails and roll out – as seen recently in rollout in Southern California.

ƒ Z-Wave operates on the well regulated 868MHz band – No interference from WiFi! Products that speak Z-Wave work together better.™

© Zensys Inc., 2008 – Confidential

Single WiFi effect on 2.4GHz Short range Radios Measurement done during Summer 2008 with newest silicon from 3 vendors WLAN Type WLAN Frequency WLAN TX Power

Avg. TX Duty Cycle

15.00%

29.00%

38.00%

802.11g 2442 MHz +15 dBm

ZigBee Victim Receiver

Freq. [MHz] Distance from Interferer 1m 2m 5m 8m 15m 25m** 1m 2m 5m 8m 15m 25m** 1m 2m 5m 8m 15m 25m** 25m

* PER[%] - 1000 ZigBee packages in loop back - timeout = 100 ms ** Duty Cycles given at this range might vary due to WLAN range

E.g. AppelTV streaming

Ember: EM250 TX Power [dBm] Communication Distance

3 9m NLOS

Chipcon / TI: CC2430 TX Power [dBm] Communication Distance

0 9m NLOS

Freescale: MC13193* TX Power [dBm] Communication Distance

0 9m NLOS

2440

2430

2420

2440

2430

2420

2440

2430

2420

PER [%]

PER [%]

PER [%]

PER [%]

PER [%]

PER [%]

PER [%]

PER [%]

PER [%]

74.7% 75.9% 69.2% 32.9% 19.0% 17.4% 99.4% 82.2% 80.1% 73.4% 78.0% 50.6% 98.2% 98.6% 97.3% 91.5% 15.0% 17.2%

64.7% 30.7% 8.9% 2.2% 0.1% 2.3% 80.2% 78.0% 60.4% 11.9% 6.4% 8.1% 92.7% 57.6% 62.9% 10.1% 0.4% 5.0%

0.5% 0.5% 0.8% 0.5% 0.1% 0.0% 2.9% 2.2% 0.3% 0.8% 0.0% 0.8% 2.0% 2.0% 0.3% 1.1% 0.1% 0.3%

74.1% 74.0% 69.6% 60.2% 57.6% 51.2% 97.9% 97.2% 79.9% 71.0% 64.2% 23.7% 98.8% 93.0% 93.0% 98.3% 99.5% 75.6%

74.1% 56.5% 28.3% 19.5% 22.0% 25.4% 77.8% 87.4% 40.6% 31.2% 8.7% 11.6% 91.1% 65.3% 63.4% 51.4% 30.1% 52.6%

5.5% 0.9% 0.5% 0.1% 2.1% 4.9% 64.0% 1.9% 4.9% 2.4% 0.2% 2.7% 95.1% 5.3% 4.8% 1.9% 0.0% 4.7%

99.0% 92.3% 93.7% 86.0% 87.0% 70.5% 100.0% 94.0% 86.0% 97.0% 96.0% 38.5% 99.0% 99.0% 99.0% 91.5% 93.5% 64.0%

69.3% 61.3% 53.0% 44.7% 12.5% 4.5% 90.0% 89.0% 74.3% 71.0% 6.0% 5.5% 99.0% 99.0% 90.0% 77.0% 1.5% 22.4%

71.0% 57.3% 37.3% 16.3% 10.5% 2.0% 91.0% 55.7% 44.0% 32.7% 7.5% 11.5% 99.0% 96.3% 79.7% 94.0% 14.5% 19.5%

Severe Jamming up to 22MHz+ away

With the success of WiFi - it is not unlikely that you will experience several strong WiFi streams on different frequencies in MDUs No Communication anywere!!!

© Zensys Inc., 2008 – Confidential

Products that speak Z-Wave work together better.™

2

Presentation ƒ Z-Wave Energy Control Framework Vision ƒ Z-Wave Core technology ƒ Z-Wave Advanced Energy Control Framework ƒ Z-Wave Flexible & Strong Security ƒ Z-Wave Energy experience

© Zensys Inc., 2008 – Confidential

Products that speak Z-Wave work together better.™

Z-Wave Advanced Energy Control (AEC) Vision Home control is the key enabler for energy conservation – providing: Î Increase consumer awareness – Consumers are able to view their energy consumption in real time - From energy meters - Measured at select home control devices – Consumers can immediately see the $$$ savings enabled through their actions

Î Enable effective energy control for consumers – Remote home control – Save energy without compromising convenience – Lighting control & appliance control

Energy Conservation Remote Home Monitoring

Î Add advanced energy pricing & supply models – Cut-off demand peaks – Control select loads to protect the grid – Offer demand based energy pricing – And enable the consumer to act accordingly

Entertainment Control

Lighting Control Digital Home Health Care

© Zensys Inc., 2008 – Confidential

Products that speak Z-Wave work together better.™

3

The Z-Wave AEC Vision Why create a new ‘Monster’? Leverage on the existing flexible Z-Wave technology! Î Why create new classes of ‘Smart’ appliances? – L Lets t leverage l on th the many existing i ti d devices i supporting ti lload d shedding h ddi and d temperature t t setting tti etc. t – Lets leverage on the many existing devices supporting sub-metering – The intuitive way for Consumption analysis – Then - Allow manufactures to enrich their products – No new SKUs which cannot be used with other initiatives – to implement even better energy conservation mechanisms going forward. Î Why create new classes of ‘information displays’? – Lets use the displays already in Z-wave products – such as remote controllers and thermostats – Then - Allow manufactures to add the strong Z-Wave security options to protect sensitive data

Î Why re-invent Security and Remote Home Access strategies? – Lets use IP or other WAN technologies – providing the last mile communication, an excellent and proven quality of Service and mature Security (like SSL or TLS) – Then - Allow manufactures and Utility Suppliers to leverage on their IP knowledge and enrich existing backend application and IP Gateways

Î Instead, lets focus on the important NEW problem to solve ! – Create a scalable data distribution architecture for ALL devices. Whether low-cost or High-end.

Products that speak Z-Wave work together better.™

© Zensys Inc., 2008 – Confidential

AEC : Massive reuse and leverage of Techs and Products ©

Utility / Meter Network

Zensys Inc., 2008 -

CONFIDENTIAL

Internet (including Mobile / GSM Networks)

Existing IP technologies Z-WaveIPTLS Z WaveIPTLS or Z-WaveSec with Z-WaveIPTLS Proxy

Any TCP/IP Media

• PLC, PLC LON LON, etc t • GPRS / GSM • WiMAX • RF (licensed)

Any Command Class (Transparent)

Router or Z-WaveIPTLS proxy

Z-WaveSec

Any Command Class (Transparent)

Electricity Generator / Basic Meter

Existing Z-Wave Products PC / Set-Top-Box / Home Controller

Energy Controller

Electricity Meter

Energy Display

Meter data

Sub-Meter data Gas Cold Water (#1) Cold Water (#2) … Warm Water (#1) District Heating …

Utility Reporting Devices

© Zensys Inc., 2008 – Confidential

Thermostat / Heating / HVAC Controllers

Ventilation / Climate Controller

(Smart) Appliances

Other Home Devices

Pool Jacuzzi Lighting …

Products that speak Z-Wave work together better.™

4

Presentation ƒ Z-Wave Energy Control Framework Vision ƒ Z-Wave Core technology ƒ Z-Wave Advanced Energy Control Framework ƒ Z-Wave Flexible & Strong Security ƒ Z-Wave Energy experience

© Zensys Inc., 2008 – Confidential

Products that speak Z-Wave work together better.™

Z-Waves Key Technical benefits - Overview ƒ

Interoperability – – – –

ƒ

Lowest Cost Technology –

ƒ

Between products – Between vendors. Largest ecosystem of Products in the marketplace Open Z-Wave Alliance + Pin compatible 2nd Source Silicon in 1H 2009 Not just on Chip level – also on product level

Very low Power consumption –

Both in active and in sleep mode

ƒ

Avoids the 2.4Ghz Interference issue

ƒ

Mesh Network with Full Network management

– – –

ƒ

Water Meter

Allows networked battery powered devices with low latency

Easy connectivity to IP networks –

ƒ

Gas Meter

Self healing, self organizing & self configuration Extends the range needed for remotely installed gas/water meters

Battery-2-Battery Network wide communication –

ƒ

Use the well regulated sub-1GHz when possible.

Convergence of Z-Wave and IP (Z/IPTM)

E-Meter + Gateway

Strong 2 Tier Security : Z-WaveSec and Z-WaveIPTLS

© Zensys Inc., 2008 – Confidential

Products that speak Z-Wave work together better.™

5

AEC leverages on the existing Z/IP technology Z/IP combines well proven IP technologies with Z-Wave

Integrated g End-to-End Home Control Solutions

Control Z Z-Wave Wave devices from anywhere Extension of Z-Wave for use on devices anywhere in the home and on the Internet

Follow the p proven No hard-to-maintain architecture models application level from the Internet gateways used

9

9

TCP/IP Home Network E.g. 192.168.1.5

© Zensys Inc., 2008 – Confidential

Extend the use of TCP/IP to home control networks Enable the direct use of TCP/IP applications directly on Z-Wave based devices

No expensive p middleware solutions required

9

192.168.32.1

Leverage g Z-Wave and capitalize on Internet protocols

9

HomeID=0x10001000 NodeID= 23 192.168.32.23

192.168.1.1

Products that speak Z-Wave work together better.™

Presentation ƒ Z-Wave Energy Control Framework Vision ƒ Z-Wave Core technology ƒ Z-Wave Advanced Energy Control Framework ƒ Z-Wave Flexible & Strong Security ƒ Z-Wave Energy experience

© Zensys Inc., 2008 – Confidential

Products that speak Z-Wave work together better.™

6

AEC : Logical view Utility / Meter Network

Internet (including Mobile / GSM Networks)

Any TCP/IP Media

• PLC, PLC LON LON, etc t • GPRS / GSM • WiMAX • RF (licensed)

Any Command Class (Transparent)

Router or Z-WaveIPTLS proxy Any Command Class (Transparent)

Electricity Generator / Basic Meter

PC / Set-Top-Box / Home Controller

Meter data Energy Controller

Electricity Meter

Energy Display

Sub-Meter data Gas Cold Water (#1) Cold Water (#2) … Warm Water (#1) District Heating …

Utility Reporting Devices

Thermostat / Heating / HVAC Controllers

Ventilation / Climate Controller

(Smart) Appliances

Other Home Devices

Pool Jacuzzi Lighting …

Products that speak Z-Wave work together better.™

© Zensys Inc., 2008 – Confidential

Flexible Meter, Rate, Tariff and DCP data model ƒ

Meter Table functions – The table contains various measured values. – Flexible size depending on supported values.

ƒ

Rate Table function – Optional: O ti l All Allows th the S Supplier li tto specify if simple i l or sophisticated hi ti t d parameter t sets t ffor rates. t Th The table allow Demand Control Plan events from the Supplier to enable specific rates.

ƒ

Tariff Table functions – Optional: Allows End user to get an estimate of money spent at different rates etc.

ƒ

DCP (Demand Control Plan) functions – Optional: Allows the supplier to mandate/request energy saving during certain periods etc

ƒ

Prepayment functions. – Optional: Allows transport of tokens from card and to display balance etc.. to the end user Rate Table(s)

Meter Table(s) TOTAL

n

…

… 2

Tariff Table(s)

Current …

…

Demand Control Plan

PrePayment

Last …

…

DCP Band

1 TOTAL

… …

n

…

n

…

…

2

2

1

1

… DCP Band

0

Min. Max.

Credits Emergency Credits Dedts

Device Characteristics

Device Characteristics

© Zensys Inc., 2008 – Confidential

Products that speak Z-Wave work together better.™

7

Lowest cost AEC implementation ƒ Simple electricity meter and a simple display – Meter communicates out-of-band with Energy Supplier – Horstmann trials in UK today

E-Meter 4:22 Display

Meter Table

4:22

Energy Supplier 1

Every 15sec

Total

23211 kWh

EMeterUpdateGet EMeterUpdateReport Meter Number = 12345678 Device type = E-meter R t ttype= iimportt Rate Unit = kWh factor = 1/1 Rates supported = 1 Min/Max supported = no history= 0

GPRS/LON

kWh

Optional Z-WaveSec Plug&Play security setup

Optional Present historical data based on stored reports

Products that speak Z-Wave work together better.™

© Zensys Inc., 2008 – Confidential

Scalable approach: Adding 2nd Meter ƒ Electricity and Gas meter and a simple display – Meter communicates out-of-band with Energy Supplier Display

E-Meter Meter Table 1 1

Total

Current

4:22 Virtual Node#1

Energy Supplier

Electricity Every 15sec

23211 kWh

MeterUpdateGet

855 W

Gas

4:22

211 m3

MeterUpdateReport

kWh

Meter Number = 12345678 Device type = E-meter Rate type= import Unit = kWh factor = 1/1 Rates supported = 1 Min/Max supported = no history= 0

m3

GPRS/LON Meter Table 2 1

211 m3

Meter Number = 87654321 Device type = Gas Rate type=import Unit = m3 factor = 1/1 Rates supported = 1 Min/Max supported = no history= 0

© Zensys Inc., 2008 – Confidential

Gas Meter Virtual Node#2

Total

MeterUpdateGet_beam MeterUpdateReport Unsolicitated or requested through wakeupbeam

Products that speak Z-Wave work together better.™

8

Scalable approach: Adding the bells and whistles ƒ Electricity meter with Rate, Price, DCP & data logger and a display – Meter communicates out-of-band with Energy Supplier E-Meter R t T Rate Table bl

Energy Supplier

T fiff Table Tafiff T bl

1

’Standard’

6am-4pm

1

2

’High cost’

4pm-9pm

2

8

3

’Low cost’

9pm-6am

3

1,7

GPRS/LON

EMeterUpdateReport

When needed

DCP Table

MeterTableRead

Total

Total

4:22 23211 / 88 / 7 kWh

1

’Green’

2

Emergency

1200 / 1500 / 2 DKK kWh

MeterTableReport RateTableRead RateTableReport

Current Meter Number = 12345678 Device type = E-meter Rate type= import Unit = kWh, Factor = 1/1 Rates supported = 3 Min/Max supported = no history= 128

© Zensys Inc., 2008 – Confidential

Display

855 W

Current 3

Every 15sec EMeterUpdateGet

Total Current

2

Optional Z-WaveSec or Z-WaveIPTLS

3

Energy Supplier ID = DONG Currency = DDK EventID = 3322 Summarization period?

Meter Table 1

4:22

’High Cost’ TariffTableRead TafiffTableReport TableSize = 2

DCPRead

Monday 5:12 – 9:11 ’Green Energy’

DCPReport

Products that speak Z-Wave work together better.™

AEC Device classes (DC) and Command classes (CC) ƒ

AEC Command Classes (O) Rate Table Setup CC v1 (O) Rate Table Read CC v1 (M) Meter Table Setup CC v1 (M) Meter Table Read CC v1 (O) Tarif Table Setup CC v1 (O) Tariff Table Read CC v1 (O) DCP Setup CC v1 (O) DCP Read CC v1 (M) MeterUpdate CC v1 (O) Prepaid CC v1

– – – – – – – – – – – – –

ƒ

Complete 22 Sep 2008

ƒ

(M) Screen meta Data CC v2 (O) Time CC v1 (M) AEC CC’s CC s v1 (O) Basic Tariff CC V1 (M if Battery powered) Battery CC v1 (M if Battery powered) Wakeup CC v2

Other products (DC) – – –

© Zensys Inc., 2008 – Confidential

(O) Security CC v1 (O) Firmware Meta Data CC v1 (M) Time v1 (M) Basic Tariff CC v1 ((M)) Meter CC v1 (M) PulseMeter CC v1 (M if ZIPD) Z/IP Client CC v1 (M if ZIPD) Z/IP Server CC v1 (M if ZIPD) Z/IP Services CC v1 (M) AEC CC’s v1 (O) Multilevel Switch CC v2 (O) Binary Switch CC v1 (O) Thermostat Setback CC v1 (O) Thermostat Setpoint CC v1

Screen (DC) – – – – – –

Z-Wave Alliance AES Schedule Expert Draft: Expert Review :

Meter (DC)

(O) DCP Read CC v1 (O) Time CC v1 (O) Screen meta Data CC v2 (O) Meter CC v1

Products that speak Z-Wave work together better.™

9

Presentation ƒ Z-Wave Energy Control Framework Vision ƒ Z-Wave Core technology ƒ Z-Wave Advanced Energy Control Framework ƒ Z-Wave Flexible & Strong Security ƒ Z-Wave Energy experience

© Zensys Inc., 2008 – Confidential

Products that speak Z-Wave work together better.™

Z-Wave Security support – Flexible, Strong and Low Cost Nodes exchanging non-personal data

ƒ

Z-WaveSec v1: High Security level - Lowest cost – Plug & Play – – –

Confidentiality, Authentication, Fabrication robust – AES128 based Network key In-band initial key exchange

Nodes exchanging personal data

ƒ

Z-WaveSec-oob v1 with Z-WaveIPTLS Proxy: – – – – –

ƒ

Confidentiality, Authentication, Fabrication robust – AES128 based Symmetric combined with Asymmetric key exchange Network keys+ Link Keys Easy integration into back office IP systems Certificates installed in nodes for Z-WaveIPTLS proxy communication

Z-WaveTLS in Z-wave dual stack nodes: – – – – –

Confidentiality, Authentication, Fabrication robust – AES128 based Asymmetric key exchange Link Keys Easy integration into back office IP systems Certificates installed in nodes for Z-WaveIPTLS communication

© Zensys Inc., 2008 – Confidential

Products that speak Z-Wave work together better.™

10

Z-WaveIPTLS for AEC nodes © Zensys Inc., 2008- CONFIDENTIAL Z-WaveIPTLS is the proven Security Solution for the Meters needing high Wave Security Examples security technologies securityZ-level and–mature

Meter (E) Meter(Gas) Certificates + Privatekey

Internet +

Mobile Networks Z/IP Certificates + Router Privatekey

Local communication

Away from home control Z-WaveSec with ZWaveIPTLS proxy

1

Z-WaveIPTLS

2

ZIPD

1

Z-WaveSec AES-128

2

Standard Internet Security

Certificates + Privatekey

Z-WaveIPTLS: TCP / TLS

GW + Proxy Z-WaveSec AES- 128

Standard Internet Security Z-WaveIPTLS: TCP / TLS Standard Internet Security Z-WaveIPTLS: TCP / TLS

GW

© Zensys Inc., 2008 – Confidential

Products that speak Z-Wave work together better.™

Presentation ƒ Z-Wave Energy Control Framework Vision ƒ Z-Wave Core technology ƒ Z-Wave Advanced Energy Control Framework ƒ Z-Wave Flexible & Strong Security ƒ Z-Wave Energy experience

© Zensys Inc., 2008 – Confidential

Products that speak Z-Wave work together better.™

11

Danish Electricity Savings Trust – My Home tech.

© Zensys Inc., 2008 – Confidential

Products that speak Z-Wave work together better.™

Danish Electricity Savings Trust recommends Z-Wave ƒ The Danish Electricity Saving Trust is a governmental, non-profit organization whose mandate is to help consumers and public sector institutions save electricity. ƒ Main reasons for recommending Z-Wave: ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ

Z-Wave Alliance and communication protocol are open to everyone at low cost The hardware comprises an inexpensive chip for integration into devices Z-Wave Alliance ensures interoperability between Z-Wave-equipped devices A rapidly growing market share Low power consumption makes battery-powered battery powered sensors and switches a reality 30-metre operating distance can be considerably extended thanks to rerouting/meshing

© Zensys Inc., 2008 – Confidential

Products that speak Z-Wave work together better.™

12

Horstmann Dual fuel solution ƒ Electricity and Gas meter and a simple display – Meter communicates out-of-band with Energy Supplier Display

E-Meter Meter Table 1 1

Total

Current

4:22 Virtual Node#1

Electricity Every 15sec Basic Tariff_Get

Energy Supplier

Gas

23211 kWh

4:22

211 m3

855 W

Basic_tariff_Report

kWh

Meter Number = 12345678 Device type = E-meter Rate type= import Unit = kWh factor = 1/1 Rates supported = 1 Min/Max supported = no history= 0

m3

GPRS/LON Meter Table 2 1

Gas Meter Virtual Node#2

Total

211 m3

Meter Number = 87654321 Device type = Gas Rate type=import Unit = m3 factor = 1/1 Rates supported = 1 Min/Max supported = no history= 0

MeterUpdateReport

Products that speak Z-Wave work together better.™

© Zensys Inc., 2008 – Confidential

Summary: Z-Wave AEC meets all UK ERA Requirements

9 •

9 9 9 9 9 •

•

•

•

•

Ease of installation • • • •

Full Plug and Play setup and Easy standardized IP access from remote location (ZIP architecture). Fault tolerant Mesh network Architecture Using the well regulated 868Mhz Band – Free from the hostile WIFI communication Proven Product interoperability through the Z-Wave Alliance

Open Standard • •

200 Company wide Z-Wave Alliance – Largest in the Home Control industry Pin-compatible 2nd source silicon 1H 2009

Long battery lifetime • • •

Low RX/TX AC powered slaves (17-25mA), Low leakage for sleeping nodes (<3uA) Battery Mesh support: Low virtual-AC powered mesh nodes (30-80uA leakage)

2 tier Security support • •

Plug &Play ultralow cost AES128 security for the many nodes that do not carry personal data Strong industry grade security for the few nodes carrying personal data (Z-WaveIPRLS)

Mature • • •

5Th Generation SW, 4The Generation HW and Chips – all backwards compatible Proven in more 300’s different products over 6 years Future proof through IP convergence – the most successful network technology ever!

Low cost •

Industry's smallest 2.5mm x 2.5mm Chips and 8mm x 8mm modules. Protocol stack below 30kbyte !!

© Zensys Inc., 2008 – Confidential

Products that speak Z-Wave work together better.™

13

ZigBee Smart Energy (2.4GHz) Presentation to ERA SRSM Local Communications Forum 2nd Sept 2008 ®

Copyright © 2008 ZigBee Alliance. All Rights Reserved.

ZigBee Smart Energy Introduction By David Egan, Ember Corporation

ZigBee® Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works ® Copyright © All 2008 ZigBee Alliance. All Rights Reserved. Copyright © 2008. Rights Reserved.

1

Home Area Networks

Key to Advanced Energy Management • Home Area Networks are key component to Smart Metering / AMI initiatives

Utility AMI Network

Energy Gateway Electric Meter

Tstat HVAC System

ZigBee HAN

In-Home Display Smart Appliances

Home Automation System

Water Meter

Lighting Controls

Gas Meter

– Time-of-use pricing – Demand Response / Load Control – Customer choice

• ZigBee is the wireless HAN technology of choice – Mature, open standard – Proven, robust, secure – Selected by the leading AMI/HAN deployments

ZigBee® Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works Copyright © 2008. All Rights Reserved.

3

Where to find ZigBee Smart Energy California Southern California Edison (SCE)

Regulatory approval; large scale pilot 2008; ZigBee specified for HAN

Pacific Gas & Electric (PG&E)

Regulatory approval; large scale pilot 2008; Open Standard specified for HAN, Using ZigBee Smart Energy

San Diego Gas and Electric (SDG&E)

Regulatory approval; large scale pilot 2008; Open Standard specified for HAN, Using ZigBee Smart Energy

Texas CenterPoint Oncor Reliant Energy TXU

Filed plans to pilot 250,000 meters with ZigBee Smart Energy Filed plans to deploy 3.3M smart meters using ZigBee Smart Energy Rolling out ZigBee Smart Energy products to residential customers Offering free demand response thermostats using ZigBee Smart Energy

Others in USA Detroit Edison Virginia

Plan to automate 2.6M electric and 700K gas meters starting in 2009, using ZigBee Smart Energy Dominion putting out 200K unit pilot using ZigBee Smart Energy

ZigBee® Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works Copyright © 2008. All Rights Reserved.

4

2

Where to find ZigBee Smart Energy Australia Victoria

Mandatory rollout beginning Q1 2009; ZigBee Smart Energy required for HAN

New South Wales

Proposal + approval underway

Europe Gothenburg, Sweden

ZigBee NAN (Last Mile Communications) in deployment now (300K to Q1 2009) with support for future ZigBee HAN (Local Communications) adoption

Others…

Various European trials not widely publicised yet, mainly for AMR/NAN/Last Mile communications

ZigBee® Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works Copyright © 2008. All Rights Reserved.

5

ZigBee Architecture ■ ZigBee is built on top of the IEEE 802.15.4

standard for MAC + PHY APP

APP

…

g layer y ((NWK)) for routing g ■ It includes a networking ZDO

APS

etc. and an application support layer (APS) as well as configuration (ZDO) and security services (SSP). ■ ZigBee also includes application profiles (APP)

SSP NWK

MEDIUM ACCESS (MAC)

which provide definition of devices and messaging, and ensure interoperability. Not all standards and technologies do this! ■ Some other technologies and standards ONLY

PHYSICAL RADIO (PHY)

define the MAC+PHY layers, or perhaps also the NWK layer, but no more. ■ THIS means that a lot of work is still required to

develop a reliable, interoperable solution! ZigBee® Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works

6

Copyright © 2008. All Rights Reserved.

3

ZigBee Smart Energy Profile

ZigBee Cluster Library Others…

Application Profiles

Closures

Safety y& Security

Others… Commercial B ildi Auto Building Auto. A t Home

Lighting g g

Measurement & Sensing

HVAC

Smart Energy General

• ZigBee Smart Energy (ZSE) Profile defines HAN behaviors – Device messaging and actions – Security & authentication – Network management

• Collaboratively developed Specification Balloted & Passed

Dec‘07

1st Wave of Products Certified

May‘08

Multi-vendor “ZigFest” Interoperability Events

Dec‘08

Many more product certifications in process

– – – – – –

Leading utilities AMI meter & comms vendors Government & regulatory bodies Security experts Semiconductor & s/w vendors Industry bodies (OpenHAN, etc.)

ZigBee® Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works Copyright © 2008. All Rights Reserved.

7

How ZigBee Smart Energy Works 1)HAN devices join utility network

Utility AMI Network

• ESP ((trust center)) & device authenticates using certificates • Application-level link keys used between ESP & device

Energy Services Portal (Electric Meter or Gateway)

2)Demand Response events • Utility sends DR event to ESP • ESP forwards to DR device, which opts ‘in’ or ‘out’ based on consumer

Programmable Communicating Thermostat (PCT) In-Home Display

ZigBee HAN

HVAC System

Load Control Device

3)Load Control events • Utility sends DR event to ESP • ESP forwards to LC device(s)

4)Pricing messages • Unsecured messages to any device

ZigBee® Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works

8

Copyright © 2008. All Rights Reserved.

4

ZSE Security and Authentication • Security is critical utility requirement – Smart meter must have secure communications for safe smart grid – HAN devices & meters must have strong authentication to assure authorized devices and use

• Mature technology assures authentic, compliant & interoperable devices – Provides implicit certificates used to authenticate each meter or HAN device – Enable communication of unique keys per device for use with ZigBee AES encryption

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9

Smart Energy & Home Automation Urgent demand for Smart Energy + compatibility with mainstream Home Automation systems enables customer choice Utility AMI Network

Energy Services Portal (Electric Meter or Gateway)

Programmable Communicating Thermostat (PCT)

In-Home Display

ZigBee HAN HVAC System

Load Control Device

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5

ZigBee Smart Energy Unique Selling Propositions By David Egan, Ember Corporation

ZigBee® Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works ® Copyright © All 2008 ZigBee Alliance. All Rights Reserved. Copyright © 2008. Rights Reserved.

Ecosystem ■ The ZigBee Alliance is a global

ecosystem of 300 technology companies creating wireless solutions ireless sol tions for use se in energy, home, commercial and industrial applications. ■ Through interoperability and open

standards, ZigBee Smart Energy supports an ecosystem of diverse wireless solutions l i ffor use iin understanding, d di controlling, and automating the consumption of energy and water.

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12

6

Technology ■ ZigBee Smart Energy is the Utility AMI Network

only global, open standard wireless ireless technolog technology a available ailable today that offers interoperability for understanding, controlling, and automating consumption of energy and water.

Energy Services Portal (Electric Meter or Gateway)

Programmable Communicating Thermostat (PCT) In-Home Display

HVAC System

ZigBee HAN

Load Control Device

■ ZigBee is also the only global,

open wireless standard used for both local communications and last mile communications.

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13

Certification ■ ZigBee certification and compliance tests ensure

ZigBee solutions offer reliable and robust wireless networking. ■ ZigBee certification and compliance tests ensure

the quality, reliability and interoperability of ZigBee Smart Energy wireless solutions for understanding, controlling, and automating the consumption of energy and water. ■ Test T t and d certification tifi ti provided id d b by iindependent d d t ttestt

houses NTS and TUV ■ The UK could use ZigBee SE certification as the

key component of its smart metering product certification process. ZigBee® Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works Copyright © 2008. All Rights Reserved.

14

7

ZigBee SE Certified Products today Device Electric Meter Gas Meter Gateway / ESP Thermostats

Num 4 1 2 3

Controllers Smartplug In-Home Display

2 1 2

Companies PRI, Cellnet+Hunt, Itron, LSI Itron Trilliant, Alektrona Comverge, Energate, Computime Comverge, Greenbox Tendril PRI, Computime

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15

Competition ■ ZigBee has multiple suppliers (currently

g the core technology gy used 22)) p providing in wireless solutions for home, commercial and industrial applications. ■ ZigBee has multiple established

suppliers providing the core technology used in cost-effective wireless solutions o u understanding, de sta d g, co controlling, t o g, a and d for automating the consumption of energy and water.

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16

8

Smart Energy Key Requirements Summary Security

ZigBee chips have the computing power and, at 2.4GHz, the bandwidth to support the level of security that utilities demand for AMI and SE. A high level of security is built into the standard.

Upgradability

ZigBee chips support over the air upgrades, whereas many other wireless solutions do not, and some could not!

Cost

Considering ZigBee’s extra capabilities over other solutions, the cost differential is small and improving as the market takes off.

Open Standard

ZigBee is clearly an open global standard, whereas many other technologies are not.

Silicon Vendors

Utilities and meter manufacturers want multiple competitive suppliers of components to support their projects for 20+ years years. ZigBee clearly delivers this, with 22 compliant platforms.

Energy Application

ZigBee has an application profile designed specifically for SE, whereas other technologies do not have this.

Interference

ZigBee is designed to handle interference, and often co-exists with e.g. WiFi in the same device, whereas other technologies degrade quickly in the face of RF interference.

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17

ZigBee also offers… ■ Scalability to thousands of nodes, which makes it

possible for instance to do last mile communications, as wellll as local l l communications. i ti ■ Flexibility, allowing manufacturers to have devices which

have multiple endpoints (similar to IP ports), some of which support standard communications (e.g. ZSE), others which may support private protocols, thus allowing for innovation and differentiation in the market, as well as standardisation. ■ Interoperability and Cooperation with other technologies

and standards, e.g. ongoing work with HomePlug Alliance to support ZigBee Smart Energy across wired as well as wireless networks. ZigBee® Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works Copyright © 2008. All Rights Reserved.

18

9

ZigBee at 2.4GHz is future proof ■ Platforms by top silicon vendors and fab-less start-ups ■ Products by y numerous top p meter manufacturers and electronics

manufacturers ■ Driven by a board of directors that includes silicon vendors, meter

manufacturers and electronics manufacturers ■ Supported by 300 member companies ■ Based on a proven radio standard, IEEE 802.15.4 ■ Good bandwidth availability y for smart metering g ■ Good coexistence with other technologies at 2.4GHz ■ Over the air upgradability ■ A standard that is mature in a market that is growing

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19

Summary: Why is ZigBee 2.4GHz suitable for GB Smart Metering? Open Standard with multiple vendors of stack and chips Globally available 2.4GHz frequency Robust with R b t to t interference, i t f ith 16 channels h l available il bl Backed by many OEMs and silicon manufacturers Growing use in Smart Metering around the World Independent Certification Process Many times more scalable More bandwidth available More secure Much longer battery life Addresses more markets More flexibility in profiles, supports innovation by OEMs ZigBee® Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works Copyright © 2008. All Rights Reserved.

20

10

Note: ZigBee SE at 2.4GHz vs 868MHz 2.4GHz

868MHz

Ecosystem

Many vendors of silicon, silicon software stacks and certified products

Limited number of vendors of silicon and software stacks. No certified products.

Technology

Globally available Good bandwidth Acceptable range

Limited geographically Limited bandwidth Good range

Certification

Available, proven

Not available

Competition

Very active competition

Limited competition

ZigBee® Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works Copyright © 2008. All Rights Reserved.

21

PRI Experience with ZigBee Smart Energy B John By J h C Cowburn, b PRI

ZigBee® Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works ® Copyright © All 2008 ZigBee Alliance. All Rights Reserved. Copyright © 2008. Rights Reserved.

11

PRI experience with ZigBee Smart Energy ■ Multi source advantage of ZigBee ►PRI

have used ZigBee solutions from four different silicon and stack providers for product developments. Changing platform provider has been relatively easy.

►The

first batch ZigBee Smart Energy certified products are on both TI and Ember platforms. Some use application builder others are home grown implementations

ZigBee® Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works Copyright © 2008. All Rights Reserved.

PRI experience with ZigBee Smart Energy ■ Smart Energy development ►Profile

has been developed by a consortium made up of the world’s major metering companies as well as home control and data management providers.

►The

test specification was itself tested during as part of the Profile approvals events to ensure test harnesses and methods were de-bugged.

►Security

was a big concern with the utilities, additional PKI security had to be added to satisfy utility requirements for key exchange.

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12

PRI experience with ZigBee Smart Energy ■ Smart Energy development (continued) ► Four

pre-test events were held to ensure the specifications were correct and un un-ambiguous. ambiguous

► The

certification event required participants to show interoperability between at least two other platforms plus a test harness. Devices included: – Electricity & Gas meters and Energy Service Portals – Displays – Thermostats – Load controllers and smart appliances

► All

products have to meet a minimum set of mandatory features and any additional options must be fully tested if enabled.

ZigBee® Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works Copyright © 2008. All Rights Reserved.

PRI experience with ZigBee Smart Energy ■ Smart Energy future development ►Extra

features are to be added in an enhanced version of the spec to be released in Q4 ’08. This will be backwards compatible. Prepayment Complex metering Australian requirements

►UK

specific features could be added if required.

ZigBee® Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works Copyright © 2008. All Rights Reserved.

13

Trilliant view of ZigBee and ZigBee Smart Energy By y Kevin e House, ouse, Trilliant a t

ZigBee® Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works ® Copyright © All 2008 ZigBee Alliance. All Rights Reserved. Copyright © 2008. Rights Reserved.

What do we know? Trilliant’s credentials: Leading global supplier of smart metering, in-home (demand response) and smart grid solutions, built upon open standards Developer of RF mesh solutions, utilising IEEE802.15.4 chipsets One of the larger individual users of these chips at present (>750k meters deployed) Supplier of the largest RF mesh deployment in the world*

Open advocate of systems and platform interoperability, supporting various HAN alternatives, including ZigBee Key contributor to creation of ZigBee Smart Energy Profile Developer of a full-specification, certified ZigBee Energy Services Portal First to demonstrate working prototypes in early 2007 Achieved full certification on the inaugural certification day

Has demonstrated interoperability with various ZigBee device manufacturers *as far as we know ☺

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14

Trilliant experience and opinions of ZigBee Open standard IEEE802.15.4 at 2.4GHz is an excellent physical foundation We chose it too ☺ Ideal combination of design parameters for smart energy and HAN purposes ‘Open silicon’ - supplier diversity for chips, from many manufacturers Access to expansive developer community, which will continue to advance it ZigBee has the potential to utilise external advances in IEEE802.15.4

ZigBee offers a full stack solution – including application profile for energy ZigBee Smart Energy Profile provides fairly thorough coverage for initial energyrelated in-home needs Early days. Will continue to develop and expand with market requirements and innovations Recent experience of integrating additional Victoria requirements was very positive Low typical power levels may present difficulties in certain physical scenarios e.g. highrises, but this can be overcome with creative techniques

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29

Evaluating ZigBee for the UK – Trilliant’s view ZigBee appears to be a very credible contender Delivers on the majority of requirements, and should be able to incorporate the remainder, including room to extend Has strong backing from large community (including Trilliant)

We don’t believe you need to lock the UK into a single choice There is room for multiple options The cost of keeping options open is less than the cost of choosing (poorly) ZigBee and others can coexist and could even interoperate Support the development of multiple options, and others that will appear in future Get involved in their working groups and help lead their evolution The marketplace will deliver the best options if given the opportunity

But if you must choose Be sure to pick a strong physical platform, so you have the option to evolve

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15

ZigBee in UK Homes Alertme Experience

31

®

Copyright © 2008 ZigBee Alliance. All Rights Reserved.

ZigBee Experience in UK Homes - Alertme ■ Thousands of ZigBee nodes in UK homes ► No

interference problems, very few range issues

► All

custo e s self-install se sta with t online o e instructions st uct o s customers

► No

support calls generated by installation process

■ Full coverage in 80% of homes with single-hop transmission ► Coordinator ► Sensor

on ground floor, transmitting at +5dBm (unamplified)

nodes transmitting at +3dBm (unamplified)

► Isotropic

chip antenna on all nodes (suboptimal for range)

■ 5 years battery life for sensor nodes sending heartbeat every 2 minutes ► 850mAh

LiMn02 CR2 battery

■ Experimented with nodes where meter normally resides ► Indoor

meter location, no issues, connectivity always good

► Outdoor

meter location, worked most of the time, periods of poor connectivity

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32

16

Alertme – Suggestions for UK Smart Meters using ZigBee ZigBee user experience is good, self-installation is easy ZigBee propagation in UK homes is generally good even if not transmitting at maximum permitted power levels and even if not relying on mesh network for propagation. To minimise connectivity problems from smart meters located outside the home; ■ Add PA to amplify TX power to +10dBm (10mW) ► perhaps

also use LNA in meter node

■ Choose antenna to maximise range

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33

ERA Evaluation Criteria Brief Responses p

®

Copyright © 2008 ZigBee Alliance. All Rights Reserved.

34

17

ERA Evaluation Criteria (1-7) Criteria

ZigBee Considerations

1. Low customer intervention

Standard commissioning, OTA upgrade

2 Ease of installation 2. installation, discovery

Standard commissioning, commissioning OTA discovery, discovery IEEE Address, Certificates

3. Minimise site visits

Self healing mesh, OTA upgrade

4. Development tools for Smart Energy

Multiple vendors supporting ZigBee and Smart Energy, plus tools vendors

5. Ease of integration into products, System-on-chip and Network Coprocessor size chips available, tiny modules available, choice of antenna 6. Scope to accommodate specific GB requirements

GB extensions to Smart Energy Profile if required could be proposed and introduced into the standard by any Alliance members

7. Status as Open Standard

300 members including semiconductor, electronics, meter manufacturers, utilities, 22 platform vendors, independent certification

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35

ERA Evaluation Criteria (8-13) Criteria

ZigBee Considerations

8. Supports data exchange formats

Implementations open to use Smart Energy profile, or customised data formats profile

9. Genuine choice and competition

22 ZigBee Compliant Platforms, at least 9 different chip vendors.

10. Interoperable chipsets

All ZigBee Compliant Platforms and chipsets are tested against golden platforms before certification. Regular interop events.

11. Effort required to include GB requirements

Could be zero! Likely to be minor modifications, small effort required.

12. No. nodes supported in each HAN

Theoretically 65,000, in practice hundreds to thousands depending on traffic model.

13. Power consumption

23-35mA in RX or TX without PA, likely <100mA TX with PA. Sleepy End Devices ideal for low power consumption & Gas.

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18

ERA Evaluation Criteria (14-19) Criteria

ZigBee Considerations

14. Support for low power nodes

Direct support for Sleepy End Devices

15. Effective Data Throughput

Effective data throughput varies depending on options. Best case point to point is 50kbit/s, worst case across 5-7 hops >10-15kbit/s with security, acks, retries etc.

16. Robustness

DSSS, APS and MAC acknowledgements, APS and MAC retries, Automatic self-healing mesh routing.

17. Typical range

200-400m LOS typical without PA (+5dBm) 600m 1Km LOS typical with PA (+10dBm) 600m-1Km

18. Suitability for GB meter requirements and placement

Recommend PA for point to point comms. Routers in network would eliminate need.

19. Vulnerability to Signal Interference

Coexists well with other 2.4GHz technologies due to DSSS, listen before talk and retry mechanisms, even when in same channel.

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37

ERA Evaluation Criteria (20-27) Criteria

ZigBee Considerations

20. Coping with interference

Frequency agility mechanism, 16 channels

21. Blocking immunity in transceiver Differs from transceiver to transceiver – need to address individual vendors for data. 22. Strength/Resilience of security methods

AES-128 is well proven and robust encryption. Network and APS link keys are standard. Certicom ECC is proven and robust.

23. Ability to use rolling keys

Rolling keys are a part of the standard.

24. Separating public/private data, utilities etc. etc

Supports Application Link Keys which can be different for each device. device Supports digital certificates and public key exchange methods

25. Support for Over-the-air upgrades of meters etc.

Most vendors support over the air bootloading of remote devices.

26. Support for security upgrades

OTA upgrade could include security upgrade.

27. Backwards compatibility

Guaranteed by the standard.

ZigBee® Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works

38

Copyright © 2008. All Rights Reserved.

19

ERA Evaluation Criteria (28-34) Criteria

ZigBee Considerations

28. Longevity of frequency

Based on IEEE standards and operating in global license free band.

29. Longevity of solution

Supported by 300 silicon vendors, electronics manufacturers, meter manufacturers, utilities!

30. Total cost per home

This will vary more depending on meter, display etc. than technology. ZigBee comms adds < $20-$30 per home (3 devices)

31. Mean Time Between Failures

Industry standards apply, need to address vendors independently for their statistics

32. Use in equivalent Smart Meter deployments

e.g. CA, TX and Detroit (US), Victoria (Aus), both HAN and Gothenburg (Sweden, AMR)

33. Use in analagous applications

Used also in Home Automation, Building Automation, Industrial, Healthcare.

34. Expectation of new versions

Changes are likely to be infrequent and guaranteed to be backwards compatible.

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39

ERA Evaluation Criteria (35-36) Criteria

ZigBee Considerations

35. Vendor capacity to meet demands

Most ZigBee silicon vendors capable of scaling to meet demand, and scaling already.

36. Availability of non-metering products that could be useful to smart metering

Currently 250 products on the market, many not certified, but using ZigBee technology, mostly Home Automation and Smart Energy. Already some thermostats and displays are certified for ZigBee Smart Energy, expect many more before end of 2008.

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20

ERA Support for Last Mile Questions Criteria

ZigBee Considerations

LM1. Support for Last Mile

Yes, scalability, range and protocol supports.

LM2. Nodes per concentrator

Depends on practicalities of traffic, certainly 200 to 1000 nodes possible per concentrator.

LM3. Average perturbation (urban/suburban/rural)

No good data available publicly, need to go to AMR solution suppliers. 1Km LOS typical with PA at 10mW/+10dBm, 100m-200m through buildings likely

LM4. Cost of data concentrator equipment

Need to discuss with solution providers.

LM5. Use in other last mile deployments

Best example is Gothenburg, Sweden. 270,000 electric and gas meters. Being deployed at the moment.

LM6. Range of WAN upstream media supported by concentrators

Most are using GSM / GPRS today, but other implementations possible.

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41

Summary: Why is ZigBee 2.4GHz suitable for GB Smart Metering? Open Standard with multiple vendors of stack and chips Globally available 2.4GHz frequency Robust with R b t to t interference, i t f ith 16 channels h l available il bl Backed by many OEMs and silicon manufacturers Growing use in Smart Metering around the World Independent Certification Process Many times more scalable More bandwidth available More secure Much longer battery life Addresses more markets More flexibility in profiles, supports innovation by OEMs ZigBee® Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works Copyright © 2008. All Rights Reserved.

42

21

Thank you! Questions?

®

Copyright © 2008 ZigBee Alliance. All Rights Reserved.

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22

Coronis Systems

ERA SRSM Project ERA-SRSM Wavenis, the ultra-low power, long-range wireless alternative London, September 2, 2008 Michael Modjeska & Christophe Dugas

Agenda

z z z z z

Introduction Markets Wavenis wireless technology Wavenis-enabled OEM products by Coronis Metering with Wavenis

1

Introduction

What is Wavenis?

z

Wavenis is wireless technology explicitly desiged f ultra-low-power for lt l and d long-range l applications li ti A world class wireless platform with ultralow-power and long-range capabilities

Technology for advanced metering solutions and OEM platforms for system integrators, manufacturers and value-added resellers

2

Who is Coronis? z

Coronis Systems

¾

Coronis based in Montpellier, France Coronis Inc. established in 2005 (Chicago, USA) Coronis office in China in 2006 (Shanghai, China) Coronis Staff: 53 people

¾

Wavenis ULP long range wireless platform, products and services

¾

7M€ / 12M€ / 25M€ revenue 2007/2008/2009

¾ ¾ ¾

z

Deployment ¾ ¾ ¾

3,000,000 Wavenis products deployed by Q4 2008 500,000+ Wavenis enabled units on order Networks of up to 100,000 end-points

What are Wavenis markets? Î Requirements z

Common needs for hard-to-reach ultra-low-power lt l d i devices ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾

Low data quantities Low radio traffic Long battery life High radio link budget Low cost Entry to the WAN

3

What are Wavenis markets? Î Sensor and control markets Long-range UHF RFID

Environment/Agribusiness

Metering

Home Industry

Security & Alarms

Building

Healthcare

Chemical, Nuclear, Biotech

Some of our customers

4

Flexible time-to-market solutions

Customers choose the platform that meets their development and commercial needs

What are the business cases?

Application stack options z

Customer metering and M2M (on-board)

z

Coronis metering (on-board)

z

OEM application on external MCU

5

Wavenis-based metering products

Wavenis-enabled OEM products

6

Metering Case Study

Wavenis wireless metering network

7

z

Les Sables d’Olonnes ¾ ¾

¾ ¾

French vacation destination Challenge: avoid summer rush of reading meters manually (only possible when people present) 25,000 water meters Entire city covered

8

Key points SITE FACTS 1. 3. 4. 5. 6.

70 radio modules installed / person / week 99% quality response upon 1st read 4,000 m3 water saved by leak-detection alarms 10 hours to read entire site Return on investment: 3.5 years

Installation recommendation 1 Wavecell gateway Î 200 Wavetalk repeaters Î 2,000 Waveflow end-points

9

What’s up next?

Our future

z

Continuity of strategy ¾

z

Wavenis system-on-chip ¾

z

Deployment of metering and M2M solutions Even more optimal and at a lower cost

Wavenis Open Standard Alliance ¾

Driving Wavenis towards standardization

10

Wavenis Technology Overview

Competitive wireless landscape

WAN Capabilities p

Low Consumption & Long Range RF consumer

Cost Advantage

11

Wavenis technology positioning

z

Blue Bluetooth

ZigBee

KNX

Z-Wave Z Wave

RF

802.15.1

802.15.4

KNX

Z-Wave

io home io-home control io-home control

WAVENIS

Spread spectrum: state-of-the-art wireless solutions ¾ ¾

z

PROTOCOL

Bluetooth (FHSS), ZigBee (DSSS), UWB (pulse), WiFi (DSSS) High reliability, robustness against interferers, coexistence, low cost

Mono-channel: conservative ¾ ¾ ¾

KNX-RF, Z-wave, io-homecontrol & many others Easy to design, low cost, but poor reliability Much less robustness against interferers and poor coexistence capability

Wavenis trade-off

Low cost

R li bilit Reliability

Ultra low-power

L Long range

12

Technology comparison table Bluetooth

ZigBee

Z-wave

WiFi

Wavenis

Frequency band

2.4 GHz

2.4 GHz/

868MHz

2.4 GHz/

433/868/915MHz

5.2 GHz

915MHz

5.2 GHz

2,4GHz

Data rate

1 Mbps

250 kcps

few kbps

5.5/11MHz

4,8 / 19,2 typ / 100kbps

FHSS / GFSK

DSSS

Mono-channel / FSK

DSSS/ OFDM

FHSS / GFSK

PHY

+++

+++

-

+

+++

Low Power

+

++

++

-

+++

Long Range

-

-

+

+

+++

Low Cost

+

++

++

-

+++

Indoor Range g

- (10m)

- (20m)

+ (50m)

+ (50m)

+++ (up to 200m)

Mesh network

-

++

-

-

+++

Standard protocol

+++

+++

-

+++

++ (designed with Bluetooth extension capabilities

Availability

+++

-

+++

+++

+++

Deployment

+++

-

+

+++

++

Reliability

Fundamentals of Wavenis

z

RF features ¾

ISM licence free bands - 868MHz (EU), 915MHz (US), 433MHz (China) - 2.4GHz could be considered but not preferred

¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾

GFSK modulation FHSS spread spectrum @ 50kHz Bandwidth channels Programmable output power (power savings) QoS management (RSSI, energy counter, class of device, …) Automatic Frequency Control (top performance over full lifespan) Automatic Sensitivity Control (avoid false wake-up in noisy area)

13

Fundamentals of Wavenis – Cont’d

z

Long range (high link budget) ¾

Low data rate

¾

Very high sensitive receiver

- 4,8kbps min < 19,2kbps typical < 100kbps max - -113dBm @ 19,2kbps (vs -93dBm @ Bluetooth, ZigBee) ¾

Programmable output power - 2 classes: +14dBm (25mW) & +27dBm (500mW)

¾

Radio range extender

¾

Link budget

- native repeater function in all Wavenis devices - 127dB with 25mW only // 1km LOS and -3dBi coil antennas

Fundamentals of Wavenis – Cont’d

z

Reliable transmissions: FHSS + FEC + Data interleaving ¾

¾ ¾ ¾

FHSS: Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum - Fast hopping: every 2 bytes - Min 16 hops (out of x50 channels) FEC: Forward Error Correction : BCH(31,21) coding with 1/3 redundancy Data interleaving = data scrambling Digital noise spreading (equivalent to DSSS)

NB) Encryption (RSA, DES, 3-DES…) ¾

Upon customer request on Session layer

=> Maximize transmission success on the 1st attempt => Data processing equivalent to digital noise spreading

14

Fundamentals of Wavenis – Cont’d

z

Wavenis data frame ¾ ¾

Frame consists of 32-byte packets How many packets per frame? Depends on payload data: - Min = 1 (fits most cases) - Max = 8

¾ ¾

Packet 1 consists of 5 bytes of payload data Packets 2-8 consist of 21 bytes of payload data

Fundamentals of Wavenis – Cont’d z

Network Management ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾

Point-to-point, broadcast, repeater Tree, star, mesh WSN topologies Self-organizing & self-healing algorithm Optimized for large scale & high density WSN Straightforward use for any small & large WSN

Star topology

R Remote t monitoring and management

Tree topology

PCs & servers Network installation and configuration

Mesh topology

15

Wavenis fixed WSN

z

Relaxed network synchronization ¾ ¾

z

Initialization ¾

z

Synchronization beacon sent every 88mn Carrier Freq: pseudo-random sequence hops

Semaphore channel (Fs - dedicated to start-up mode) is added to Fm channel (pseudo-random sequence) every 5 seconds

Operating mode ¾ ¾ ¾

Receive / Standby duty cycle of 1s typ (access time of 1s max) Carrier Freq: pseudo-random sequence hops Communication can be initialized either by the node or by the access point with deterministic time

Why not adopt IEEE 802.15.4

z

Shorter range ¾ ¾ ¾

z

More costly overall network ¾ ¾ ¾

z

3 different types of devices: RFD, FFD, PAN coordinator No direct link between two RFD Mesh algo applied between FFD or PAN only

Less efficient @2.4GHz vs sub-GHz ¾ ¾ ¾

z

More than 20dB less sensitive than Wavenis ((-90dBm vs -113dBm)) Shorter range compensated by mesh algo Mesh algo impacts power consumption and access time

8dB propagation ti losses l 2 4GH vs sub-GHz b GH 8dB+ att 2.4GHz Silicon at 2.4GHz more power hungry vs sub-GHz Coexistence issue @ 2.4GHz

DSSS @ 868MHz less efficient due to narrowband

16

Wavenis Standardization

Standardization strategy

z

Leverage deployment

z

Provide Bluetooth extension capabilities

z

Wavenis Open Standard Alliance

17

Bluetooth extension capabilities

Vision of a global Bluetooth coverage

Regular + ULP-long range extension

18

Why to extend Bluetooth?

• • • • •

•

Highly reliable technology Low power profile Low-power Accepted standard with shipments of millions units/day Naturally open to WANs Re-use mobile phones & PDAs for new remote services (control applications, security, home, industry, metering) Make it possible to get a coherent overall Bluetooth solution to serve low-energy, ultra-low-power and long-range, and high rate apps • Avoid costly gateways (HW + protocol stack) • Offer emerging markets a highly efficient alternative to increasingly sophisticated low-cost proprietary solutions and ZigBee

Wavenis Open Standard Alliance

19

Wavenis Open Standard Alliance

z

Following requests by customers, prospects, and major R&D labs

z

To increase Wavenis exposure vs. competition

z

Accelerate Wavenis standardization process

z

Connections with complementary organizations

z

www.wavenis-osa.org

z

Up and running since June 2008

Thank You Q&A Contact us [email protected]

20

Bluetooth low energy Robin Heydon, CSR plc

Copyright CSR plc 2008

Robin Heydon

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What is Bluetooth? Bluetooth is: worldwide registered / protected trademark recognised brand a standard Very successful ~2.5 billion devices

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What is Bluetooth?

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thesis

all widely successful technologies will be used in other unintended applications

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other applications for Bluetooth?

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other applications for Bluetooth?

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tip ?

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Bluetooth low energy Changed Acknowledgement Scheme Lower Power Connections Faster Data Transactions Star-Bus topology Longer Range More Devices in Piconet

Kept Adaptive Frequency Hopping L2CAP multiplexing layer Profiles and Protocol concepts Proven Qualification System Profile Testing System Unplugfests

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who is low energy ? 7 layers Anritsu AT4 Wirelesss Frontline IVT Rhode & Schwarz

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Accel Atheros Broadcom CSR Cypress EM Micro Infineon ISSC

Robin Heydon

Marvell Nordic NXP Qualcomm SiRF ST Micro Texas Instruments Toshiba

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Architecture Meter Service Class Sensor Profile Attribute Profile Attribute Protocol L2CAP (multiplexing) Bluetooth “Chip” Copyright CSR plc 2008

Robin Heydon

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Some numbers... Number of devices active within a network = 4000 Number of devices “able to be connected” within an area = unlimited Max power draw = < 15 mA (suitable for coin cell battery) Signal topology = Star Real topology = Star Bus Data rate (physical) = 1 Mb/s Data rate (application) = ~200 kb/s Range (raw) = ~50 meters Range (LNA/PA) = ~500 meters

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Students !!! http://www-control.eng.cam.ac.uk/~pcr20/papers/PEMD2004.pdf

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Bluetooth Robust? Narrow Band Signals Adaptive Frequency Hopping Forward Error Correction Fast Acknowledgment Cyclic Redundancy Checks at Radio Additional CRC’s at L2CAP (optional)

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Bluetooth longevity Bluetooth SIG : 1998 Working Specification : 2001 Automotive Industry require 10 year life for chips Harsh Environment Temperature / Vibrations

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Cost ? Bluetooth today: 2008 ASP = US$1.60 (£0.89) 2012 ASP = US$1.20 (£0.67) Bluetooth low energy: Expected to be 50% below price

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Volume ? Bluetooth today: 1 Billion chips / year Goal: 2 Billion chips / year 15 million chips a year... Bluetooth enabled portable media players Bluetooth automation market

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Summary Bluetooth low energy can meet requirements for Metering Robust / Low Power / Star-Bus Industry support is extensive Test / Silicon Vendors / Software / System Integration Security issues need to be addressed Can’t rely on security of physical channel Bluetooth does vertical solutions - can help you solve this

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thank you

[email protected] www.csr.com www.csrsupport.com

Robin Heydon Global Standards - CTO Office CSR plc Churchill House Cambridge Business Park Cowley Road Cambridge, CB4 0WZ United Kingdom

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Mobile: +44 (0)7795 035468 Switchboard: +44 (0)1223 692000 Fax: +44 (0)1223 692001

Robin Heydon

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IEEE802.15.4 sub--1 GHz IEEE 802.15.4 / ZigBEE at sub

ATMEL – Microcontroller Wireless Solutions Sascha Beyer

local communication development An ERA Smart Metering Initiative

Content

Presentation Overview 1. Overview Frequency Assignment / Radio Propagation 2. Coexistence / Interference Scenarios 3. Propagation Environment 4. Physical Layer – Atmel ZigBee Solutions 5. Practical Investigations – Coverage, Range 6. Conclusions / Summary

September 2, 2008

2

Introduction to WPAN – The Wireless Space

The wireless space

Range (Meters)

WWAN

WMAN

WLAN

L

Po st e ow

o rC e w

n tio p um ns

WPAN 0.01

0.1

1

10

100

1000

Data Rate (Mbps) September 2, 2008

3

Frequency Assignment (1)

Overview – Frequency Assignement -

IEEE802.15.4 uses only unlicensed ISM radio bands to ensure a worldwide acceptance and applicability

1. First generation IEEE802.15.4 solutions are operating at 2.4 GHz 2. Second generation IEEE802.15.4 devices using sub-1GHz ISM bands •

868 - 870 MHz:

ITU Region 1: e.g. Europe, Middle East, … channel #0;

•

902 - 928 MHz:

ERP < 25 mW (+13.9 dBm)

ITU Region 2: e.g. North/South America, also Australia, … channel #1 … 10 ; EIRP ≤ 1.0W (+30.0 dBm)

•

950 – 956 MHz:

802.15.4d, Japan, under development

•

779 – 787 MHz:

802.15.4c, China, under development

sub-1 GHz range and limited channel capacity are the biggest BENEFIT Lower frequency band provides extra link budget at higher sensitivity Limited channel capacity does not attract data streaming services September 2, 2008

4

Frequency Assignment (1)

Overview – Frequency Assignement -

IEEE802.15.4 sub-1 GHz Frequency bands and data rates

-

Definitions for Japan and China are in separate specifications Reference: IEEE802.15.4TM-2006, Table 1

September 2, 2008

5

Frequency Assignment (3)

Region 1: ERC/REC 70-3 and Harmonized Standard EN300220 -

IEEE802.15.4 assigned channel 0 in 868 band, channel 1…10 in 915 band

-

ERC/REC 70-03 and EN 300 220 allocating 3 bands for ISM usage Band

Power Density

Max. TX Power1

Duty Cycle or LBT

[MHz]

[dBm/100 kHz]

[dBm]

%

863 – 870

-4.5

-1.3 / +5.4

0.1 / y

868.0 – 868.6

+6.2

+13.9

1/y

865 - 868

+6.2

+9.4 / +13.4

1/y

865 - 870

+0.8

+4.0 / +8.0

0.1 / y

Notes 1

868 MHz band BPSK and O-QPSK 400kHz BW

No duty cycle limit applies when LBT is used

September 2, 2008

6

Frequency Assignment (4)

LBT – Listen Before Talk

-

Listen Before Talk can be used to increase duty cycle

-

Important Parameters are: TX-off time:

>100ms (minimum time between 2 transmissions)

Listen time:

5ms

if channel is free at begin of listen interval

5..10ms if channel is busy at start of listen interval (pseudo-random, 0.5ms step size) TX-on time:

< 1s

TX polling sequence:

< 4s

LBT threshold:

-87 dBm (TX power < 100 mW, BW = 200kHz)

Acknowledge:

allowed w/o LBT

September 2, 2008

7

Frequency Assignment (5)

Unlicensed 2.4 GHz ISM band (1) -

IEEE802.15.4 assigned channel 11 … 26 in 2.4 GHz band

-

Despite IEEE802.15.4 is a low-power standard, regional regulatory bodies allow the usage of higher transmit powers

-

-

-

Europe:

up to 100 mW (+20 dBm)

-

US:

up to 1W (+30 dBm)

-

Japan:

up to 10 mW/MHz

The wide bandwidth of 2.4 GHz ISM band is attractive for a growing number of applications sharing this band -

Wireless LAN (WLAN, with various flavours like 802.11a|b|g|n)

-

Proprietary applications (TV and audio streaming, HID, remote control, …)

-

Bluetooth (BT, BT-EDR, ULP-BT), Wireless USB, RFID

-

Cordless phones

-

Microwave ovens

IEEE802.15.4 provides several mechanisms that enhance coexistence with other wireless devices

September 2, 2008

8

Frequency Assignment (6)

Unlicensed 2.4 GHz ISM band (2) -

Previous coexistence tests investigating the 2.4 GHz interference situation demonstrating effects between co-located systems

-

Effects on IEEE802.15.4 implementations are

-

-

-

Blocked channels, packet loss

-

Increased latency

-

Error floor

Recommendation to overcome such situations are typically -

Increase physical distance between co-located systems

-

Frequency hopping

ZigBee Specification 2007 introduces channel selection management -

A “Network Manager” is a device which implements network management functions … , including PAN ID conflict resolution and frequency agility measurements …

-

This function adds complexity to a 2.4 GHz, extra effort for observing and controlling the network September 2, 2008

9

Content

Presentation Overview 1. Overview Frequency Assignment / Radio Propagation 2. Coexistence / Interference Scenarios 3. Propagation Environment 4. Physical Layer – Atmel ZigBee Solutions 5. Practical Investigations – Coverage, Range 6. Conclusions / Summary

September 2, 2008

10

Coexistence (1)

Coexistence / Interferences (1) -

IEEE802.15.4 / ZigBee mechanisms enhancing coexistence (1): 1.

2.

CCA using CS and ED -

Collision avoidance mechanism (CSMA-CA), applied to 2.4G and sub-1 GHz

-

ED and LQI are measurements used for CSMA-CA to characterize interference situations

Dynamic Channel Selection -

Not required for 868 MHz

-

Mandatory for 2.4 GHz – requires resources and time, increase power consumption -

-

3.

ChannelList parameters are to be adapted for varying interference scenarios

Adaptive Frequency Hopping is not likely to implement due to limited channels (16)

Modulations schemes -

2.4 GHz O-QPSK (sine shaped, MSK equivalent) allows a power-efficient modulation scheme

-

Sub-1 GHz bands using bandwidth limited modulation schemes

-

868 MHz is not affected by adjacent/alternate channel interferences

-

915 MHz has typically a higher selectivity due to narrowband characteristic

September 2, 2008

11

Coexistance (2)

Coexistence / Interferences (2) -

IEEE802.15.4 / ZigBee mechanisms enhancing coexistence (2): 4.

5.

6.

Low duty cycle -

IEEE802.15.4 specification is tailored for application with low power and low data rate

-

Typical applications are anticipated to run with low duty cycle as well

-

A low duty cycle reduces the risk of interferences

-

Battery operated devices suffer from increasing duty cycle

Channel alignment -

Not required for 868 MHz

-

Mandatory for 2.4 GHz – requires resources and time, increase power consumption

-

2.4 GHz channel alignment reduces the number of available channels significantly -

4 out of 16 channels in guard bands between 802.11b

-

Interferences in guard bands are likely due 802.11 TX side lobes

Low transmit power -

Applicable to all 802.15.4 bands

-

Sub-1 GHz systems are likely to operate at lower power because of -

Better propagation conditions, and

-

Less interferences September 2, 2008

12

Content

Presentation Overview 1. Overview Radio Propagation / Frequency Assignment 2. Coexistence / Interference Scenarios 3. Propagation Environment 4. Physical Layer – Atmel ZigBee Solutions 5. Practical Investigations – Coverage, Range 6. Conclusions / Summary

September 2, 2008

13

Propagation Environment

Propagation Environment -

A ZigBee network installation requires knowledge about propagation conditions and environmental interference situations

-

A link budget calculation is a first estimate to compare IEEE 802.15.4 implementations

-

The link budget takes technical parameters of the system into account, like

-

-

Receiver sensitivity

-

Transmit Power

-

Antenna Gain

The calculation of a certain path loss requires further knowledge about the operating frequency of the network -

Operating frequency sub-1 GHz vs. 2.4 GHz

September 2, 2008

14

Propagation Environment

Free Space Propagation (1) -

A simple model is used to determine the loss in a transmission link that would be expected under Free Space Conditions (direct-ray model)

-

Free space condition assumes an ideal environment without any objects that absorb or reflect any radio energy of the transmitter or receiver

-

A free space loss calculation based on Friis transmission equation calculates the TX power flux density to determine the received power: n

⎛ λ ⎞ Prx = Ptx ⋅ ⎜ ⎟ ; ⎝ 4πd ⎠

n = 2*

The path loss Lpath is calculated as the relation between received and transmitted power:

-

n

L path

⎛λ ⎞ = ⎜ ⎟ ⋅ f n ⋅ d n; ⎝c⎠

n = 2*

September 2, 2008

15

Propagation Environment

Free Space Propagation (2) -

Exemplary, a comparison between IEEE802.15.4 implementations is shown to emphasize the effect of different ISM frequency bands AT86RF231 Frequency band

AT86RF212

Unit

2400

868

868

915

MHz

TX Power

+3

+3

+5

+10

dBm

Modulation

O-QPSK

O-QPSK

BPSK

BPSK

Data Rate

250

100

20

40

kb/s

Sensitivity

-101

-101

-110

-108

dBm

Link budget

104

104

115

120

dB

Free space range

1,6

4,4

15,5

26,1

km

x 2.8

Conclusion: sub-1 GHz adds to IEEE 802.15.4 systems •

Increased range due to the lower frequency band, and

•

increased sensitivity by running a lower data rate September 2, 2008

16

Propagation Environment

Free Space Propagation (3) -

A free space model does not assume any impact of reflection, diffraction or multipath

-

Multipath (multi-ray) is a typical scenario for wireless private area networks

-

A 1st order multipath model assumes the impact of a ground wave as it is expected for systems operating in conventional environments -10

-

Multipath scenarios shows partly a significant increase of the path loss caused by destructive characteristic of various signal paths

-

868 MHz is more robust against signal degradation

-20

868 MHz

Path Loss [dB]

-30

2.4 GHz

-40 -50

multipath

-60

LOS

-70 -80 0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

Distance [m] September 2, 2008

17

Propagation Environment

Other Propagation Effects -

Phenomena's affecting the wave propagation are:

-

Multipath propagation

-

-

Operation of WPANs in buildings is characterized by multipath

-

Causes of multipath are reflections, refractions and attenuation by walls, furniture and other equipment

-

Effects of multipath are constructive or destructive, phase shift or attenuation

-

Effects vary over time by changing the setup or varying operational conditions

Absorption by liquids or gases -

H2O absorbs energy caused by the high molecular dipole moment of the water molecules, critical for 2.4 GHz operation => “water meter operation”

Conclusion A sub-1 GHz WPAN is less affected by multipath propagation and absorption effects

September 2, 2008

18

Content

Presentation Overview 1. Overview Radio Propagation / Frequency Assignment 2. Coexistence / Interference Scenarios 3. Propagation Environment 4. Physical Layer – Atmel ZigBee Solutions 5. Practical Investigations – Coverage, Range 6. Conclusions / Summary

September 2, 2008

19

802.15.4 Physical Layer

PHY Implementation Details: 868 MHz vs. 2.4 GHz AT86RF212 Sub-1 GHz

AT86RF231 2.4 GHz

2.4 GHz Competition

Unit

802.15.4-2003







802.15.4-2006







ISM / proprieatary





SLEEP

0.1

0.02

0.03

uA

Idle

0.4

0.4

1.6

mA

RX

9

13.5

22.3

mA

25.8 (0 dBm)

mA

Supported Standards

Current Consumption

TX (comparable link budget, 1.55 km)

11.5 (-6 dBm)

14.3 (+3 dBm)

RX Sensitivity BPSK-20

-110

dBm

OQPSK-100

-101

dBm

OQPSK-250

-100

-101

-98

dBm

Pout, max

+11

+3

+5

dBm

Pout, min

-11

-17

-18

dBm

TX Output Power

September 2, 2008

20

802.15.4 Physical Layer

Symbol Times, Frame Duration: 868 MHz vs. 2.4 GHz 868 MHz AT86RF212

2.4 GHz AT86RF231

Unit

Symbol Period BPSK-20

50

μs

OQPSK-100

25

μs

OQPSK-250

16 Header Duration SHR

μs

16 PSDU Duration

Unit

PHR

20

50

127

2

0.4

8

20

50.8

ms

OQPSK-100

0.25

0.08

1

2.5

6.35

ms

OQPSK-250

0.16

0.032

0.64

1.6

4.064

ms

802.15.4 – 868 / 915 MHz BPSK-20

+56%

802.15.4 – 2.4 GHz OQPSK-250

0.16

0.032

0.64

1.6

4.064

ms

Sub-1 GHz specifies optional data rates (OQPSK-100) to reduce frame duration

September 2, 2008

21

802.15.4 Physical Layer

PHY Power Consumption / Life Time: 868 MHz vs. 2.4 GHz current

Nx repeated

... t_LIFS

t_SIFS

t_LIFS

time

period = 60s

868 MHz OQPSK100 AT86RF212

2.4 GHz AT86RF231

2.4 GHz Competition

Unit

Relative Life Time (PSDU = 127 octets), MCU typ. 2.5mA active CSMA-CA cycles

-

2

4

4

Pout

-6

+3

+5

dBm

PathLoss

95

104

103

dB

Distance

1,55

1,56

1,39

km

Life Time Difference

-4,7

0

-41

%

2.4 GHz need for channel search algorithm, increased data rate and restrictive timing requirements will balance the difference September 2, 2008

22

Content

Presentation Overview 1. Overview Radio Propagation / Frequency Assignment 2. Coexistence / Interference Scenarios 3. Propagation Environment 4. Physical Layer – Atmel ZigBee Solutions 5. Practical Investigations – Coverage, Range 6. Conclusions / Summary

September 2, 2008

23

Practical Investigations

IEEE802.15.4 Transceiver AT86RF212 – sub-1 GHz (1) -

Beside link budget calculations real measurements are performed to demonstrate the performance of low-power, high performance IEE802.15.4 transceivers

-

A typical battery operated node consist of -

The radio transceiver

-

The microcontroller

-

The antenna I/F

-

Interfaces

September 2, 2008

24

Practical Investigations

AT86RF212 at 868 MHz – Indoor Coverage (Office) PER [%]

AT86RF212

AT86RF231

Frequency

868 MHz

2.4 GHz

Modulation

BPSK-20

OQPSK-100

OQPSK-250

#0

#0

#11

P2 – P4

0

0

0

P2 – P5

0.34

0.16

9.4

Channel

Office Building PTX = +3 dBm PSDU = 20 octets # Frames = 10.000

P2 – P6

0

0

7.6

Building 5 floors + garage Side view

P2 – P7

0

1.4

100

P2

P2 – P8

2.9

100

100

P4

P5 P6

2F

P7

1F 0

P2

P4 P6/7

Elevator

13m

Ele. P8

P5

G

P8 September 2, 2008

13m

25

Practical Investigations

AT86RF212 at 915 MHz – Range Measurement -

3F

Staircase

Building 5 floors + garage Top view

4F

Line of Sight measurement to illustrate the potential of sub-1 GHz operation

September 2, 2008

26

Practical Investigations

IEEE802.15.4 Transceiver AT86RF212 – 915 MHz (2) -

Range test measurements are based on packeterror rate (PER 1%) measurements

-

The environment chosen for this test is mainly characterized by one direct line-of-sight and a ground wave

-

The distance achieved during this test is about

D ~ 4370 m

-

Range may be extended using optimized antennas

-

Data rate:

20 kb/s, 20 octets

-

Modulation:

BPSK-20

-

TX power:

+10 dBm

-

Antenna height:

1.4m September 2, 2008

27

Practical Investigations

IEEE802.15.4 Transceiver AT86RF230/1 – 2.4 GHz (1) -

Beside link budget calculations real measurements are performed to demonstrate the performance of low-power, high performance IEE802.15.4 transceivers

-

A typical battery operated node consist of -

The radio transceiver

-

The microcontroller

-

The antenna

-

Interfaces

September 2, 2008

28

Practical Investigations

IEEE802.15.4 Transceiver AT86RF230/1 – 2.4 GHz -

Range test measurements are based on packet-error rate PER (1%) measurements

-

The environment chosen for this test is mainly characterized by one direct line-of-sight and one second ground wave

-

The distance achieved during this test is about

D ~ 1000 m

Data rate: 250 kb/s PSDU:

20 octets

Modul.:

OPSK-250

Pout:

+3 dBm

Antenna : 1.4m

September 2, 2008

29

Content

Presentation Overview 1. Overview Radio Propagation / Frequency Assignment 2. Coexistence / Interference Scenarios 3. Propagation Environment 4. Physical Layer – Atmel ZigBee Solutions 5. Practical Investigations – Coverage, Range 6. Conclusions / Summary

September 2, 2008

30

Conclusions / Summary

With IEEE 802.15.4 consider BOTH sides of the medal sub-1 GHz AND 2.4 GHz

ATMEL’s sub-1 GHz 802.15.4 / ZigBee solutions provide • Longest Range due to low frequency bands • Up to 16 dB improved Link Budget • Leading edge Sensitivity values for all rates • Lowest Power Consumption • MAC features implemented in hardware • Ensures robust and reliable network performance • Pin and functional compatible to 2.4 GHz solutions • No need for amplification September 2, 2008

31

Wide Selection of Wireless Solutions

IEEE 802.15.4 Leading-Edge Solutions from ATMEL Microcontroller Wireless Solutions  Choice of various PHY Implementations  Supported frequency bands -

IEEE 802.15.4 at 2.4 GHz IEEE 802.15.4 at 868 MHz IEEE 802.15.4 at 915 MHz Other sub-1 GHz in design

 Pin and feature compatible family  2.4 GHz / sub-1 GHz Single Chip Solutions  Wireless Family will grow in various directions! AT86RF230  AT86RF231  AT86RF212  ATmega128RFA1  ... September 2, 2008

32

Wide Selection of Microcontrollers

     

Choice of 100+ AVRs Devices range from 1 to 512 kB Pin count range from 8 to 100 Full code compatibility Pin/feature compatible families One set of development tools

 Supports simple point – point -> Fullblown ZigBee mesh networks on one PCB - Example: ATmega164P, ATmega324P, ATmega644P and ATmega1284P

= microcontroller optimized for ANY wireless applications

September 2, 2008

33

Conclusions / Summary

Software Support • Transceiver adaption layer, access toolbox • IEEE802.15.4 MAC and security • ZigBee stack, ZigBee profiles (e.g. SmartEnergy) • Implementations are for all frequency bands • Implementations available for various MCU’s • Other stacks are available too, e.g. 6LoWPAN

September 2, 2008

34

Conclusions

Thank you for your attention!

September 2, 2008

35

Resources

Technical Support Center  support.atmel.no Datasheets and application notes  www.atmel.com/products/ZigBee Other resources  www.avrfreaks.net  www.zigbee.org  www.6lowpan.net News and online trainings  www.avrtv.com Support by MCU and RF experts  [email protected]

September 2, 2008

36

Contacts

Marketing & Technical Contacts Marketing Contact

Engineering Contact

Magnus Pedersen Director Marketing Microcontroller Wireless Solutions

Sascha Beyer System Design Microcontroller Wireless Solutions

Atmel Norway A/S Vestre Rosten 78 Tiller N-7075 Norway

Atmel Germany GmbH Design Center Dresden Königsbrücker Strasse 61 01099 Dresden

Phone: +47 7289 7647 Cell: +47 928 84579 mailto: [email protected]

Phone: +49 351 6523-410 Fax: +49 351 6523-5410 mailto: [email protected]

September 2, 2008

37

September 2, 2008

38

Backup

Backup

September 2, 2008

39

Range / Coverage Test Setup

AT86RF212 – Range- and Coverage Test Setup Antenna

Software RES Radio Evaluation Suite (PER)

RCB Radio Controller Board

Display Board September 2, 2008

40

Range / Coverage Test Setup

AT86RF231 – Range- and Coverage Test Setup

Antenna

Software RES Radio Evaluation Suite (PER)

RCB Radio Controller Board

Display Board

September 2, 2008

41

Freier Text

03.09.2008

Wireless M-Bus for Smart Metering 2008-09-02

© QVEDIS GmbH

European Standard

COSEM/DLMS EN13757-1

Protocol

Link

Seite 2

Building Technologies / Abteilung

Wired M-Bus EN13757-2

2008-09-02

M-Bus EN13757-3

Wireless M-Bus EN13757-4

Author (U.Pahl)

Local M-Bus EN13757-6

© QVEDIS GmbH

1

Freier Text

03.09.2008

Wired M-Bus - Twisted Pair, Long Range ƒ Meter optimized Physical and Link Layer for twisted pair ƒ Optional powering of remote meter ƒ Interchangeable twisted wire pair ƒ Long distance communication (Up to 5km)

Seite 3

2008-09-02

Author (U.Pahl)

© QVEDIS GmbH

Wireless M-Bus (1) ƒ Various Modes: S, R, T ƒ S-Mode S Mode for preferred stationary operation ƒ T-Mode for more frequent transmission (Allows walk-by operation) ƒ R-Mode for long distance (Low data rate) ƒ Unidirectional: S1, T1, Bidirectional: S2, T2, R2 ƒ Very low cost solutions possible

Seite 4

Building Technologies / Abteilung

2008-09-02

Author (U.Pahl)

© QVEDIS GmbH

2

Freier Text

03.09.2008

Wireless M-Bus (2) ƒ All optimized for 868 MHz bands ƒ Suitable antenna size ƒ Lower building attenuation ƒ Protected radio band ƒ Duty cycle limits by law: S, R: 1%; T: 0.1% (or LBT) ƒ Duty cycle by standard for S-Mode: 0.02% ƒ Possible operation of more than 500 meters in radio range

Seite 5

2008-09-02

Author (U.Pahl)

© QVEDIS GmbH

Local M-Bus - Twisted Pair, Short Range ƒ Very low cost meter bus for twisted pair ƒ Limited to 5 metering devices ƒ Short distance communication (Less than 50m) ƒ Suitable for service interface or small bus solution

Seite 6

Building Technologies / Abteilung

2008-09-02

Author (U.Pahl)

© QVEDIS GmbH

3

Freier Text

03.09.2008

COSEM – Application Protocol ƒ Static data point size ƒ Support of OBIS ƒ Harmonised coding of every kind of data ƒ Applied for Gas and Electricity

Seite 7

2008-09-02

Author (U.Pahl)

© QVEDIS GmbH

M-Bus – Application Protocol ƒ Dynamic data point size ƒ Coding efficiency allows short telegrams for wireless transmission ƒ Longer meter lifetime ƒ Reduce collisions on radio channel ƒ All meter generated data codeable

Seite 8

Building Technologies / Abteilung

2008-09-02

Author (U.Pahl)

© QVEDIS GmbH

4

Freier Text

03.09.2008

SMIQ,MUC and Open Metering ƒ German utility companies and energy suppliers came together to have a unique standardised solution for smart metering (SMIQ/MUC) ƒ The involved manufacturers are in discussion ƒ Open Metering was founded as Working Group to investigate a standardised solution which will be accepted by all parties ƒ Based on the requirements of SMIC and MUC, existing standards were evaluated evaluated. ƒ Based on EN13757, the Open Metering System specification was created.

Seite 9

2008-09-02

Author (U.Pahl)

© QVEDIS GmbH

Goals of Open Metering System (OMS) ƒ Cover all metering devices ƒ Electricity ƒ Gas ƒ Heat ƒ Water ƒ Definition of standardised and interoperable transmission techniques and protocols for media: ƒ Twisted Pair ƒ Radio ƒ PLC

Seite 10

Building Technologies / Abteilung

2008-09-02

Author (U.Pahl)

© QVEDIS GmbH

5

Freier Text

03.09.2008

Open Metering System Overview

Seite 11

2008-09-02

Author (U.Pahl)

© QVEDIS GmbH

OMS - Primary Communication Transmission medium specific: ƒ TP: EN13757-2 EN13757 2 ƒ RF: EN13757-4 ƒ PLC:?? Data exchange (Not medium specific): ƒ Security AES128 CBC (Mandatory for RF) ƒ Protocol: M M-Bus, Bus DLMS/COSEM DLMS/COSEM, SML ƒ OBIS Support ƒ Signature and Authorisation with ECC160 (Not finalised yet)

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Building Technologies / Abteilung

2008-09-02

Author (U.Pahl)

© QVEDIS GmbH

6

Freier Text

03.09.2008

OMS – Installation process There are two options for installation ƒ Installation by special Installation mode ƒ Has to be started by e.g. push a button ƒ Meter will inform concentrator by special telegrams

ƒ Installation by scanning received meter ƒ Allows All time i gap between b meter installation i ll i and d iinstallation ll i off concentrator

Seite 13

2008-09-02

© QVEDIS GmbH

Author (U.Pahl)

Home automation - Option 1: via Ethernet

Water

TP

Gas Heat

RF

RF

RF

eHZ

TP

RF

MUC

Service interface Ethernet

Display unit - Display current energy consumption - History of consumption - Access via Internet IP

Seite 14

Building Technologies / Abteilung

2008-09-02

Author (U.Pahl)

© QVEDIS GmbH

7

Freier Text

03.09.2008

Home automation - Option 2: directly via RF

Water

RF

Gas Heat

RF

RF

eHZ RF

KNX RF- Data collector e.g. Apartment controller

RF

On KNX-Bus any other Home automation device can see provided consumption data IP / TP / PL

Seite 15

2008-09-02

© QVEDIS GmbH

Author (U.Pahl)

M-Bus and KNX M-Bus EN 13757-3 Application Layer

EN 50090

EN 13757-2 Physical & Link Layer Wireless

Wireless Communication

Seite 16

Building Technologies / Abteilung

2008-09-02

Author (U.Pahl)

© QVEDIS GmbH

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03.09.2008

Technical Solution 1 Unidirectional Meter RF-Module - ROM 16k / RAM1K - Dynamic range 105dB (Tx->Rx) - Battery 1Ah - Data rate (T-Mode 66kBit) - Transmission of consumption every minute (with T-Mode) - Life time > 10 years - Total BOM of RF-Module < 1 €

Seite 17

2008-09-02

Author (U.Pahl)

© QVEDIS GmbH

Technical Solution 2 Bidirectional Meter RF-Module - ROM 56k / RAM 8K - Dynamic range 112dB - Battery 2,2 Ah - Data rate (S-Mode 16kBit) - Transmission of consumption every 15 minutes (with S-Mode) - Life time > 10 years - Total BOM of RF-Module < 2 €

Seite 18

Building Technologies / Abteilung

2008-09-02

Author (U.Pahl)

© QVEDIS GmbH

9

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03.09.2008

Single chip solution

Seite 19

2008-09-02

Author (U.Pahl)

© QVEDIS GmbH

RF-Module Solution e.g. Complete RF-Modules from Radio Crafts

Seite 20

Building Technologies / Abteilung

2008-09-02

Author (U.Pahl)

© QVEDIS GmbH

10

Freier Text

03.09.2008

Time to Market 1. Specification based on existing norms 2 Chip and module solution is available 2. 3. Single-Chip Technologies are coming soon 4. Comparable meter solutions still exist 5. Service and installation tools can be reused Ö Time to Market: intended in 2010!

Seite 21

Building Technologies / Abteilung

2008-09-02

Author (U.Pahl)

© QVEDIS GmbH

11