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1370 jynfEU pS ?f oDwif;uRwvf jynfaU usmf 2 &uf? Mumoyaw;aeh ? (16-10-2008) (5 3 3) z
(16)Budrfajrmuf jrefrmh½kd;&m ,Ofaus;rI tqkd?tu?ta&;?twD;NydKifyGJ usif;ya&;OD;pD;aumfrwD em,u? EkdifiH awmf at;csrf;om,ma&;ESifh zGHUNzdK;a&; aumifpD twGif;a&;rSL;(1) 'kwd, AkdvfcsKyfBuD; oD[ol&wifatmifjrifhOD; NydKifyGJusif;ya&; OD;pD;aumfrwD0ifrsm;ESifh vkyfief;aumfrwD0ifrsm;? qyfaumfrwD toD;oD;wkdYrS Ouú|rsm;ESifh aumfrwD0if rsm;? A[kdtuJjzwfynm&Sifrsm;? jynfe,f ESifhwkdif;rsm;rS NydKifyGJ0ifMurnfholrsm;ESifh BuD;MuyftkyfcsKyfolrsm;tm; &if;&if;ESD;ESD; EIwfqufpOf/ (owif;pOf)
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(16)Budrfajrmuf jrefrmh½dk;&m,Ofaus;rI tqkd? tu? ta&;? twD;NydKifyGJ usif;ya&;OD;pD;aumfrwDem,u 'kwd,AdkvfcsKyfBuD; oD[ol&wifatmifjrifh OD; jynfe,fESifUwdkif;rsm;rS tuJjzwfynm&Sifrsm;? NydKifyGJ0ifMurnfUolrsm;ESifU BuD;MuyftkyfcsKyfolrsm;tm; &if;&if;ESD;ESD; awGY qkHEIwfquf aejynfawmf atmufwkdbm 15 (16)Budrfajrmuf jrefrmh½dk;&m,Ofaus;rI tqkd? tu? ta&;? twD;NydKifyGJ usif;ya&; OD;pD;aumfrwDem,u? EdkifiHawmf at;csrf; om,ma&;ESifh zGUNzd HUNzdK;a&;aumifpD twGif; a&;rSL;(1) 'kwd,AdkvfcsKyfBuD; oD[ol& wifatmifjrifhOD;onf ,aeYnae 4 em&DwGif aejynfawmf NrKd Uawmfcef;rü (16)Burd af jrmuf jrefrmh½dk;&m,Ofaus;rI tqkd? tu? ta&;? twD;NydKifyGJokdY wufa&mufvmMuonfh A[kd tuJjzwfynm&Sifrsm;? NydKifyGJ0ifMurnfhol rsm;ESifh BuD;MuyftkyfcsKyfolrsm;tm; &if;&if; ESD;ESD; awGUqHkEIwfqufonf/ xkdokdY awGUqHkEIwfquf&mokdY NydKifyGJusif;y a&;OD;pD;aumfrwDem,u tzGJU0ifrsm;? NydKifyGJ usif;ya&; OD;pD;aumfrwDOuú|? aejynfawmf wkdif;ppfXmecsKyf wkdif;rSL; AdkvfcsKyfa0vGifESifh OD;pD;aumfrwD0ifrsm;? NyKd iyf u JG si;f ya&; vkyif ef; aumfrwDOuú|? ,Ofaus;rI0efBu;D Xme 0efBu;D AdkvfcsKyfcifatmifjrifhESifh vkyfief;aumfrwD pmrsufESm 8 aumfvH 1 okdY F 0ifrsm;?
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aMu;rHkowif;pm pmrsufESm 2
16-10-2008
16 16-- 10-2008 (Mumoyaw;aeY)
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trsKd;om;a&;*kP&f nf qufvufjr§iw Uf if (16)Budrfajrmuf jrefrmh½dk;&m,Ofaus;rI tqdk? tu? ta&;? twD;NydKifyGJudk ,aeYrSpwifí aejynfawmfwGif usif;yaeNyDjzpfonf/ jynfe,fESifhwdkif;toD;oD;rS tEkynm&Sifrsm;u tqkd? tu? ta&;? twD;NydKifyGJrsm;ü jrefrmh½dk;&m okckrtEkynm&yfrsm;ukd tpGrf;ukef azmfxkwf,SOfNydKifMurnfjzpfonf/ EkdifiHawmfu ESpfpOfusif;yvsuf&Sdonfh jrefrmh½dk;&m,Ofaus;rI tqdk? tu? ta&;? twD;NydKifyGJrsm;onf trsKd;*kPf?Zmwd*kPf jrifhrm; a&;ukd a&S;½Ionf/ ,Ofaus;rItarGtESprf sm;? trsK;d om;a&; vu©Pm rsm; raysmufysufatmif xdef;odrf;apmihfa&Smuf jr§ifhwifEkdifonf/ trsKd;om;,Ofaus;rI? trsKd;om;a&;p½dkufvu©Pmrsm;ukd qufvuf o,fydk;Murnfh tEkynmrsKd;qufopfrsm; ay:xGufvma&;twGuf tm;ay;csD;ajr§muf taxmuftuljyKaeonf/ ,ckESpf usif;yaeonfh jrefrmh½dk;&m,Ofaus;rI tqdk? tu? ta&;? twD;NydKifyGJwGif jrefrmhZmwfobif? ½kyfpHkobif? uGufpdyf? jyZmwfNydKifyJGrsm;yg0ifonf/ tqdkNydKifyGJrsm;wGif r[m*Dw? acwf a[mif; aw;oDcsi;f rsm;ESihf acwftBuKd uaf w;oDcsi;f rsm;udv k nf; oDqkd ,SOfNydKifMurnfjzpf&m r[m*Dw\ tqDtESpfudk xkwfazmfwifjycGihf &&SdMuouJhokdY jrefrmh½dk;&m,Ofaus;rItEkynm\ euf½dIif;us,fjyefY rIrsm;ukdyg wifqufjyoEkdifMurnfjzpfonf/ jrefrmpmay usrf;*efrsm;? &wk? uAsm? ysKdU? vuFm? armfuGef;? eDwdusrf;ESifh qHk;rpmrsm;wGif trsKd;om;a&;tESpfom&rsm; vTrf;jcHK aeonf/ xdt Yk wl jrefrmhZmwfobifü pmay\tqDtESp?f Zmwfobif \ tacgiftñGefYwdkY aygif;qHkxm;&m jrefrmrI? jrefrmh*kPf&nfwdkY xHkrTrf;vsuf&Sdonf/ jrefrmh,Ofaus;rI taqmufttHkBuD;onf a&S;ESpfaygif;rsm;pGm rSonf ,aeYumvtxd crf;em;xnf0gaeqJ? wifhw,fcdkifcHhqJ? jrefrmwdkY\ ESvHk;tdrfxJwGif pGJjrJae&m,lqJjzpfonf/ ,ckusif;yae onfh jrefrmh½dk;&m,Ofaus;rI tqdk? tu? ta&;? twD; NydKifyGJBuD;wGif jrefrmhokckrtEkynm\ odrfarGUeufeJrIESifh rsKd;qufopf tqdk? tu? ta&;? twD; tEkynm&Sifrsm;\ tEkynmpGrf;yum;ukd ½Ipm;EkdifMu rnfjzpfonf/ odkYjzpf&m (16)Budrfajrmuf jrefrmh½dk;&m,Ofaus;rI tqkd? tu? ta&;? twD;NydKifyGJ0if tEkynm&Sifrsm;tm;vHk;u jrefrmh½dk;&m okckr tEkynm&yfrsm;ukd tpGrf;ukefazmfxkwf,SOfNydKif&if; tEkynm pGrf;yum;jzihf trsKd;om;,Ofaus;rI tarGtESpfrsm;? trsKd;om;a&; *kPf&nfrsm;ukd qufvufxdef;odrf; jr§ifhwifoGm;Mu&rnfjzpfygonf/
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15
EdkifiHawmfy&d,wådomoemhwuúodkvf (&efukef^rEÅav;)wdkYü 1370-71ck ynmoifESpf omoewuúoDv"r®mp&d,(yxrESpf) oifwef; odkY wufa&mufvdkaom tpdk;&yxrBuD;wef;? apwd,*FPpmoifwef;? ousoD[pmoifwef;wpfckck atmifjrifNyD;aom touf (30)ESpf? odu©m(10)0gatmuf&dS &[ef;omraPrsm; avQmufxm;EdkifaMumif; od&onf/ ajzqd k M u&rnf 0ifcGifhavQmufxm;aom &[ef;omraPrsm;onf ausmif;0ifcGifh pmar;yJG ajzqdkMu&rnfjzpfí tpdk;&yxrBuD;wef;ESifhnDrQaom 0denf;? tbd"r®mbmom&yfEiS hf omoema&;qdik &f m? taxGaxGA[kow k ar;cGe;f vTm wpfck? ygVdbmom&yf ar;cGef;vTmwpfck? wuúodkvf0ifwef;tqifh &dSaom t*Fvdyfpm ar;cGef;vTmwpfckwdkYudk wpf&ufpD ajzqdkMu&rnfjzpf onf/ qufoG,fpHkprf;Edkif omoemhwuúodkvf0ifcGifh avQmufvTmrsm;udk 1370 jynfhESpf? oDwif;uRwfvjynfhausmf 3 &uf (atmufwdkbm 17&uf) aomMumaeYrS
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15
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16-10-2008
aMu;rHkowif;pm pmrsufESm 3
tqkd? tu? ta&;? twD;NydKifyGJ usif;ya&;OD;pD;aumfrwDOuú| jynfe,fESih fwdkif;rsm;rS tkyfcsKyfolrsm;? Ou|rs u m;ESih ftzGJ Yacgif;aqmifrsm;tm; awG YqHk aejynfawmf atmufwdkbm 15 (16)Budrfajrmuf jrefrmh½dk;&m,Ofaus;rI tqkd? tu? ta&;? twD;NydKifyGJ usif;ya&;OD;pD;aumfrwDOuú|? aejynfawmfwkdif;ppfXmecsKyf wkdif;rSL; AdkvfcsKyfa0vGifonf (16)Budrfajrmuf jrefrmh½dk;&m,Ofaus;rI tqkd? tu? ta&;? twD; NydKifyGJwGif yg0if,SOfNydKifMurnfh jynfe,fESifh wkdif; tkyfcsKyfolrsm;? avhvm a&;tzGJU0ifrsm;? aumfrwD? qyf aumfrwDOuú|? twGif;a&;rSL;rsm;? NydKifyGJbmom&yfqkdif&m tuJjzwf Ouú|? tzGJUacgif;aqmifrsm;tm; ,refaeY nae4em&DwGif aejynf awmf&Sd trSwf(7)wnf;ckda&;pcef; oifwef;cef;rü awGUqkHí trSm pum;ajymMum;onf/
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16-10-200 pdkufysKd;a&;wuúodkvf (Mumoyaw;aeY ) (pka0;cef;r) z
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09;00 13;00
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09;00 13;00
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09;00 13;00
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09;00
twnfjyKcsdef 2;45
z
1
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15
2008ckESpf (16)Budrfajrmuf jrefrmh½dk;&m ,Ofaus;rI tqdk? tu? ta&;? twD;NydKifyGJ usif;ya&; vkyfief;aumfrwDtwGif;a&;rSL; tEkynm OD;pD;Xme ñTefMum;a&;rSL;csKyf OD;&efEkdifOD;onf NydKifyGJusif;ya&;vkyfief; aumfrwD tzGUJ 0ifrsm;? A[dt k uJjzwf ynm&Sirf sm;? jynfe,fEiS hf wdik ;f rsm;rS tuJjzwf'dkifrsm;ESifh tkyfcsKyfolrsm;tm; ,refaeYnae 6 em&DwGif aejynfawmf&Sd trSwf(7)wnf;cdka&;pcef; oifwef;cef;rü awGUqHkí NyKd iyf u JG si;f ya&;qdik &f m udp&ö yfrsm;ESihf pyfvsO;f í aqG;aEG;rSmMum;aMumif; owif;&&Sdonf/ (owif;pOf)
(16)Budrfajrmuf jrefrmh½dk;&m,Ofaus;rI tqdk? tu? ta&;? twD; NydKifyGJ aeh&uftvdkuf,SOfNydKif&rnfh NydKifyGJtpDtpOfrsm; pOf
(16) Budrfajrmuf jrefrmU½dk;&m ,Ofaus;rI tqkd? tu? ta&;? twD;NydKifyGJ OD;wnfcsuf( 4)&yf
tifwmeuf aq;odyÜHowif;
t&ufukd vGefvGefuJuJ aomufokH;jcif;jzifh OD;aESmufusKHY rIEIef; ykdrkdjrefqef 0g&Sifwef atmufwkdbm 15 t&ufudk vGev f eG u f u J J aomufo;Hk jcif;jzifh OD;aESmuf usKUH rIEeI ;f ukd ykdrkdjrefqefapaMumif;? t&ufaomufol\ OD;aESmufonf xl;uJpGm usKHUoGm;EkdifNyD; OD;aESmufvkyfief;pOf ysufpD;onfh emrusef;rI (Dementia)ukd cHpm;&EkdifaMumif; tar&duef odyÜHynm&Sifrsm;u ajymMum;onf/ vlwkdY\ OD;aESmufonf touft&G,f tkdrif;vmrIESifhtwl usKHUwwfonfrSm obm0jzpfonf/ omreftm;jzifh q,fpkESpfwpfpk vQif ESpf&mckdifEIef;atmufom OD;aESmufusKHUrI jzpfay:onf/ t&ufukd tvGeftuRH aomufokH;rIESifh OD;aESmufxdckdufrI qufET,frI&SdaMumif;? txl;ojzifh umvMum&SnfpGm t&uf aomufokH;vmaom trsKd;orD;rsm;\OD;aESmufonf omreftajc taexuf ykrd u dk sKUH Ekid af Mumif; 0ufpavaumvdyrf S okawoD um½k;d vf tef;aygvfu ajymMum;onf/ tef;aygvfESifh tzGJUonf 1971 ckESpfrS pwifí t&uf aomufrIESifh OD;aESmufxdckdufrIwkdY qufpyfykHukd avhvmcJhonf/ ¤if;wkdYonf ysrf;rQtouf 60t&G,f&Sd t&G,fa&mufNyD;ol 1839OD; ukd avhvmcJh&mwGif t&uftvGeftuRH aomufolrsm;\ OD;aESmuf onf omrefxuf ykdusKHUoGm;onfukd awGU&onf/ okawoDrsm;onf MRI ykH&dyfazmfpufjzifh OD;aESmufrsm;ukd avhvmcJhNyD;aemuf avhvmcsufpmwrf;ukd xkwfjyefvkdufjcif; tifwmeuf/ jzpfonf/
OD;aESmufusKHUrIudk avhvmEdkif&ef MRI ykH&dyfazmfpufjzifh ½dkuful;xm;aom OD;aESmufykHwpfykH/ ("mwfy-Hk tifwmeuf)
aMu;rHkowif;pm pmrsufESm 4
16-10-2008
obm0ab;tEå&m,fowif;rsm;
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tif'kdeD;&Sm;EkdifiH*sumwmNrdKU wGif ywf0ef;usifxdef;odrf;a&; twGuf qE´jyaeMuonfukd atmufwkdbm 14&ufu awGU& pOf/ ("mwfyHk-tifwmeuf) ½k&mS ;zsuo f abFmrsm;onf qkrd mvD ol y k e f t k y f p k r sm; vuf w G i f ; ok d Y vufeufrsm; ra&mufoGm;apa&; twGuf ,lu&def;oabFmukd 0kdif;&H xm;onf/ ukvor*¾ vkHjcKHa&;aumifpDu ,ckvapmapmykdif;ESifh vGefcJhonfh ZGefvtwGif;u qkH;jzwfcsufESpf&yf csrw S f cJo h nf/ qkrd mvDurf;vGew f iG f yifv,f"m;jyrsm;ukd wkdufckduf acsrIef;&ef tzGJU0if EkdifiHrsm;tm; tcGifhtmPmay;NyD;? qkdrmvD a& ykdifeuftwGif;rSm vufeufpGJukdif í "m;jywkdufaeolrsm;ukd qkdrmvD tpkd;&\ oabmwlnDrI &,lí wk d u f c k d u f & ef a&aMumif ; ? av aMumif;rS apvTwf&ef zdwfac: cJhonf/ trftifat?qif[Gm/
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14
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pDrHcsufrlMurf;\ oihfavsmfaom tcef;u@rsm;ukd twnfjyKay; rnfjzpfonf/ ,if;pDrHcsufonf tmqD,HvlrIa&; ,Ofaus;rItzGJU tpnf;wpfck wnfaxmifa&;udk t"d u taxmuf t ul jyKrnf jzpfonf/ ta&SUawmiftm&SwGif qif;&J EGrf;yg;rIonfwjznf;jznf;usqif; vsuf&Sdonf/ tm&SzGHUNzdK;a&; bPfu wpf&ufvQif tar&duef a':vmwpfa':vmatmuf 0ifaiG &Sdaom vlOD;a&onf ta&SUawmif
tm&SwGif 10 &mcdkifEIef; &Sdonf[k tpD&ifcHpmwGif azmfjyxm;onf/ 1990 ESifh 2002 ckESpfMum;umv wGif qif;&JrIppfwrf; aumuf,l &mwGif 50 &mcdkifEIef;ausmf&Sd&mrS 10&mcdkifEIef;odkY avsmhenf;vmjcif; jzpfonf/ tpnf;ta0;zGifhyGJ tcrf;tem; wGif pifumyl0efBuD; ,lzdk,D&Tef;u tmqD,HEkdifiHrsm;onf qif;&JrIESihf iwfrw G jf cif;wdu Yk kd avsmeh nf;ap&ef aqmif&Guf&mwGif wdk;wufrIrsm; &&SdcJhMuonf[k ajymMum;onf/ trf t if a t?qif [ G m /
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*&dta&S Uykdif;ü ivsifvIyf atoif atmufwdkbm 14 *&dEkdifiH ta&SUajrmufbufwGif atmufwdkbm 14 &uf eHeuf ydkif;u &pfcsfwmpau; 5 'or 1 tqifh&Sd ivsifvIyfoGm;aMumif;? ysufpD;rIESihf 'Pf&m&&Sdjcif;rsm;udk csufcsif;azmfjyjcif; r&SdaMumif; od&onf/ tqdkyg ivsifonf tDAD,muRef; refYwl'DNrdKU urf;½dk;wef; yifv,fjyifwGif eHeuf 5 em&D 6 rdepfuvIyfcwfcJhNyD; rdepftenf;i,f tMumwGif ,if;ae&mü ivsifi,fESpfck xyfrHvIyfcJhonf/ ivsifvIyfcwfrIaMumifh atoifNrdKU&Sd jynfolrsm; xGufajy;cJhMu tifwmeuf/ onf/ twnfjyKcsdef 1;10
16-10-2008
aMu;rHkowif;pm pmrsufESm 5
tD&wfwGif tajctaeNidrfvmonf[k uefwdkUu qkdaomfvnf; jyefay;qGJrIrsm; jrifhwufvmonfukdawGU&
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tmz*efepöwefawmifykdif;ü vrf;ab;AHk;aygufuGJ t&yfom;ukd;OD;aoqkH; ajcmufOD;'Pf&m&&Sd ubl; atmufwkdbm 14 tmz*efepöwefEkdifiH awmifydkif; O½kZ*efjynfe,fwGif atmufwdk bm 14 &ufu rDeDbwfpfwpfpD; vrf;ab;AHk;jzihf wdkufcdkufcH&jcif; aMumihf udk;OD;aoqHk;NyD; ajcmufOD; 'Pf&m&&Sad Mumif;? aoaus'Pf&m &&Sdoltm;vHk;rSm t&yfom;rsm; jzpfaMumif; jynfe,f &JwyfzGJUu ajymMum;onf/ jzpfyGm;yHkrSm t&yfom;rsm; wif aqmifvmaom rDeDbwfpfonf aus;&GmrS 'D,m0wfc½dik o f Ykd armif; ESifvmpOf eHeuf 9 em&DwGif vrf;ab;AHk;xdrSefcJhjcif; jzpfonf/ tif w meuf /
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ta&;,lrItm; qefYusifaom qkH;jzwfcsufrsm;ukd ukvor*¾u twnfjyKonf/ odkYaomfvnf; tar&duefjynfaxmifpku ukv or*¾\ trdefYtmPmudk jiif;qkdcJh onf/ rMumrDu*lpwyfEiS t hf u dk rf ek w f idk ;f rsm; 0ifa&mufwu kd cf wfjcif;aMumifh usL;bm;EdkifiH\ ysufpD;qkH;½IH;rI wefzdk;onf ig;bDvD,H &SdcJhonf/ odkYaomfvnf; tdrfjzLawmfu rnfonfhtajctaersm;jzifh BuHK awGUaeygap ta&;,lyw d q f x Ykd m;rI ukd ½kyfodrf;rnf r[kwfaMumif;
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twnfjyKcsdef 1;10
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aMu;rHkowif;pm pmrsufESm 8
16-10-2008
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twnfjyKcsdef 2;45
16-10-2008
aMu;rHkowif;pm pmrsufESm 9
a&S;a[mif;ordkif;0if qHawmf&Sif "EkwfapwDawmfjrwfBuD;
yEéufawmfwif wGif;awmf0ef; r[mr*Fvmtcrf;tem;usif;y &efukef atmufwdkbm 15 &efukefawmifydkif;c½dkif 'vNrdKUe,f&Sd a&S;a[mif;ordkif;0if qHawmf&Sif "EkwfapwDawmfjrwfBuD; yEéuaf wmfwif wGi;f awmf0ef;r*Fvmtcrf;tem;udk ,refaeY eHeuf 8em&DwiG f apwDawmf&ifjyif&dS yknum&D wefaqmif;üusif;y&m umuG,fa&;0efBuD;XmerS 'kwd,AdkvfcsKyfBuD; jrifhaqGESifhZeD; a':cifoufaX;wdkY wufa&mufMunfndKMuonf/ xdkYaemuf "EkwfapwDawmftwGuf yÍörtBudrf tvSLawmfaiGay;tyfyGJ tcrf;tem;udk qufvuf usif;y&m tvSL&Sifrsm;u tvSLawmfaiG pkpkaygif;aiGusyf 93075000udk ay;tyfvSL'gef;cJhMuaMumif;od& onf/ (owif;pOf)
jr0wD½yk jf rifoMH um;
tpDtpOf 16-10-2008 ( Mumoyaw;aeY ) 7;00 7;05 7;10 7;20
1/ 2/ 3/ 4/
7;30 5/ 7;45 6/ 7;50 7/ 7;55 8/ 8;00 9/ 8;10 10/ 8;15 11/ 8;16 12/ 4;00 4;05 4;10 4;20
1/ 2/ 3/ 4/
eHeufykdif; jr0wDtzGihf tzGifhoDcsif; rsKd;cspfwyfrawmf jrefrmjynfwpf0ef; a&mifpHkrSwfwrf; jrefrmoHpOfcsKdem;0if jrefrmh½kd;&m,Ofaus;rI tqkd? tu?ta&;? twD;NydKifyGJ tpDtpOf om,moDa
jr0wDtzGihf tzGifhoDcsif; rsKd;cspfwyfrawmf trsKd;om;a&; aw;uAsm 4;35 5/ jrefrmoHpOfcsKdem;0if 4;45 6/ jrefrmh½kd;&m,Ofaus;rI tqkd? tu?ta&;? twD;NydKifyGJ tpDtpOf 5;10 7/ jrwfEdk;Muap trsKd;om;tarG 5;20 8/ om,moDa
H ausmzHk;rS 0ifa&mufum {&m0wDwHwm; (&wemyk)H wnfaqmufa&;pDru H ed ;f rS 'kwd, tif*sifeD,mrSL;BuD; OD;aX;jrifhESifh awGUqkHcJhygonf/ tif*sifeD,mrI;BuD;u csOf;uyf wHwm;tygt0if wHwm;t&Snf 5614 ay&Sd wHwm;BuD;wnf aqmuf&efjzpfay:vmaom t aMumif;ESifh wnfaqmufNyD;pD; zGifhvSpf NyD;onftxdukd udef; *Pef; tcsuftvufrsm;jzifh tcsdeftwefMum &Sif;vif;ajym Mum;ygonf/ 1934ckESpfu zGifhvSpfcJhaom tif;0wHwm;uko d m acwftquf quf jyKjyifrGrf;rH tokH;jyKcJh&ykH? ,cktcg tif;0wHwm;\oufwrf; onf ESpfaygif; (74)ESpfMumjrifhcJh NyD? 1992 ckESpfrSpí 15wef xufausmfaom ,mOfrsm;ukd jzwfoef;cGifh rjyKawmhaMumif;? armfawmf,mOfBuD;rsm;onf Zuf a&,mOfjzifh ul;oef;oGm;vmae Mu&ojzifh ukefpnfpD;qif;rIukd t[efYtwm; jzpfapcJhaMumif;? xdt k cuftcJ t[eft Y wm;rsm;udk z,f&Sm; ausmfjzwfEdkif&eftwGuf þwHwm;pDrHudef;BuD; ay:xGef; vm&jcif; jzpfaMumif;? ajymif;vJ wd;k wufvmaom ,mOfomG ;vmrI vdktyfcsufudk jznfhqnf;ay;Edkif &efESifh ukefpnfpD;qif;rI jrefqef acsmarGUap&eftwGuf jzpfaMumif; tESpfcsKyfygonf/ pdr;f ndKUaom urf;ESpzf ufMum; wGif puf0ikd ;f jcrf;ykH oHrPdoaH ygif wHwm;BuD;u [def;[def;rm;rm;? ukefwif? vlpD;,mOfrsm;u woGif oGifpD;aeaom a&tvsOfvdk? tif;0wHwm;a[mif;u jrpftajc wGif NidrfoufpGm/ aMu;rko H wif;tzGUJ onf rEÅav; NrdKUrS rkH&GmNrdKUodkU c&D;qufpOf a':vm,mOfvikd ;f (rEÅav;-ykv)J rS ,mOfarmif; OD;aZmf0if; armif;ESif onfh rDeDbwfpf,mOf 2c^8914 ,mOfESifhjzpf\/ ,mOfarmif; OD;aZmf0if;onf jzL0if;aom tom;ta&ESifh
Munfvifaom tjyKH;wkdY&Sdoljzpf onf/ rEÅav;-rkH&Gm-ykvJ ,mOf vdik ;f wGif armif;ESio f nfrmS twef MumNyD[k qdkonf/ ,mOfarmif;oufwrf; umv rsm;pGmukd tif;0wHwm;rS jzwf oef;cJo h jl zpfonf/ ]]tif;0wHwm; a[mif;u ,mOfaMumwpfaMum yJ&Sdw,f/ usOf;w,f/ pufbD; a&Smif&wmeJY tEÅ&m,frsm;yg w,f/ tck&wemykHwHwm;u ,mOfaMum av;aMum&Sw d t hJ wGuf us,fus,fvGifhvGifh&Sdw,f/ t&if wHwm;a[mif;rSmu udk,fhum;
csOf;uyfwHwm; tygt0if wHwm;t&Snf 5614ay&dS {&m 0wDwHwm;(&wemyHk)udk cHhnm; xnf0gpGm jrifawGU&pOf/
&efukef atmufwkdbm 15 ppfuikd ;f wkid ;f at;csr;f om,ma&;ESihf zGUH NzKd ;a&;aumifpD Ouú|? taemufajrmufwidk ;f ppfXmecsKyf wkid ;f rSL; AdkvfrSL;csKyfjrifhpkd;onf atmufwkdbm 10&ufwGif ppfudkif;c½kdif jrif;rlNrdKUe,f aysmhaus;&Gm&Sd NrdKU0if^NrdKUxGuf pHjypyg;uGuf {u 100twGif; pkdufysKd;xm;aom uGif;trSwf 365&Sd v,form; OD;ysKdrIH\ a&Tjynfpkd; txl;txGufwkd; pyg;rsKd; atmifjrifjzpfxGef;rI tajctaersm;ESifh "mwfajrMoZm BuJyufrI tajctaersm; udk Munh½f pI pfaq;&m wm0ef&o dS rl sm;u &Si;f vif;wifjyNy;D wkid ;f rSL;u vkt d yfonfrsm;udk rSmMum;jznfq h nf;ay; aMumif; owif;&&Sdonf/(tay:yH k ) (owif;pOf)
ysufysuf tjcm;olum;ysufysuf ausmrf &jzwfr&eJY ,mOfaMumydwf wwfw,f/ rk&H mG u ykvo J mG ;awmh t&ifu Zufu;l &ao;w,f/ tck awmh ajrmuf,rm; wHwm;aMumifh tqifajyoGm;ygNyD/ wHwm;qdk b,fwHwm; aqmufaqmuf vdk tyfwJh ae&mrSm aqmufay;vkdY tusKd;&SdwmygyJ/ EdkifiHawmfudk aus;Zl;wifygw,f }}[k qdkonf/ aMu;rkHowif;tzGJUonf {&m0 wDww H m;(&wemyk)H rEÅav;buf wGif wpfzufurf; ppfudkif; waumif;t&yfrv S maom axmfvm*sD wpfp;D ESihf qkMH uonf/ axmfvm*sD ,mOfwGif aus;&GmoltcsKdU aps; 0,ftjyefygvmMuonf/ ,if;wdUk txJrS a&TMuuf,uf&Gmol rcif
ESif;at;ESifh pum;ajymjzpfonf/ rcifESif;at;u ]]r*Fvmaqmif twGuf ppfudkif;bufwGif aps; oGm;0,fjcif; jzpfaMumif;? ,cif u ,ckae&mESihf rdik 0f ufe;D yg;a0; onfh wHwm;a[mif;rS vdkif;um; jzifh ppfuikd ;f bufoUkd ul;&aMumif;? tck&wemykw H w H m;opf Ny;D oGm;í ppfudkif;odkY aeY^n tcsdefrqdkif; vrf;avQmufomG ;í&NyjD zpfaMumif;? ydkrdktqifajyaMumif;? wHwm;ESpf pif;jzpfvmí 0rf;omaMumif;}} ½dk;&Sif;pGm zGifh[onf/ rcifESif;at;wdkY aemufrS uyf ygvmonfrmS aygifrek Uf wif puf bD;wpfp;D ESihf udjk rifEh ikd jf zpfonf/ udkjrifhEdkifonf ppfudkif;? aZ,sm uGufopfrS wpfzufurf;&Sd a&T
Muuf,ufEiS hf awmifNrKd U(tr&yl&) odkUaeUpOf aygifrkefYESifh udwfrkefY vma&mif;oljzpfonf/ olYpD;awmf ,mOfrSm pufbD;? rkefYtjynfhESifh wifxm;onfh ukepf ufb;D ? udjk rifh Edik u f ]]wHwm;a[mif;u oGm;cJ&h wm MumygNyD? uRefawmf 'Dtvkyf vkyfwm (15)ESpf&SdNyD? aeUpOfyg/ t"du u eD;oGm;w,f/ tqifajy w,f/'Dww H m;opfu us,w f ,f/ tcsdefrdepf(20^30)avmufouf omoGm;w,f/ MunfEl;rdw,f/ 'DwHwm;ay:ujzwf&awmh {&m0 wDjrpfay:rSm pufbD;pD;oGm;& w,f rxifrdbl;? awmifyHeJY av[kepf ;D oGm;ovdk cHpm;rdw,f/ wHwm;a[mif;wkef;u yvuf azmif;ay:u pD;&wmav/ wpfcg
wpfav qif;wGef;&ao;w,f/ Ekid if aH wmfudk aus;Zl;wifygw,f}} [k tm;yg;w&qdkonf/ aMu;rkHowif;tzGJU aemufqkH; awGYolrSm (uy&)ukefpnfXme rEÅav;rS ukefwif,mOfarmif; OD;atmifodef; jzpfonf/ OD;atmifodef;u ]]yckuúLu jyefvmwmyg/ ESrf;awGwifvm ygw,f/ ukefonftiSm; ypönf; awGaygh txufjrefrmjynfrSmyJ ,mOf a rmif ; ouf 15ES p f & S d N yD / &wemykHwHwm; wnfaqmufqJ umv? wHwm;a[mif;rSm 0efav; um;awG ay;rjzwfawmhwt hJ csed u f a&TMuuf,ufqdyfrSm ZufeJYul; & wmayghAsm/ tqifajy&if ESpf em&DMumw,f/ rajy&if av;em&D
]]'DwHwm;wifruygbl;? tjcm; wHwm;awGvnf; 'Dvdk tusdK;aus;Zl; BuD;wmeJYao;wmom uGmr,f tm;vHk; tusKd;jyK ygw,f } } OD;atmifodef; (ukefwif,mOfarmif;? uy&-rEÅav;)
]]wHwm;qdk b,fwHwm; vdktyfwJh aqmufaqmuf ae&mrSm aqmufay;vkdY tusdK; &dSwmyJ}} OD;aZmf0if; (,mOfarmif;-rDeb D wfp, f mOf)
]]'DwHwm;ay:u jzwf& awmh {&m0wDjrpfay:rSm puf bD; pD;oGm;&w,f rxifrdbl;? tawmifyHeJY av[kefpD;oGm; ovd k c H p m;rd w ,f } } udkjrifhEdkif
{&m0wDwHwm; (&wemyHk) wnfaqmufa&; pDrHudef;rS 'kwd, tif*sifeD,mrSL;BuD; OD;aX;jrifh owif;tzJGUtm; &Sif;vif; ajymMum;pOf/
{&m0wDwwH m; (&wemyHk )
twnfjyKcsdef 2;45
wkdif;rSL; AdkvfrSL;csKyfjrifUpkd; jrif;rlNrdKY e,f aysmU&Gm&Sd NrdKY0if^NrdKYxGuf pHjypyg;uGufudk MunfU½Ippfaq;
tenf;qkH;? tEÅ&m,frsm;? p&dwf wuf? pdwfnpfcJh&ygw,f/ tck awmh avQmceJayghAsm/ 'DwHwm; wifruygbl;/ tjcm;wHwm;awG vnf; 'Dvdk tusdK;aus;Zl;BuD;wm ygyJ/ tm;vHk;tusKd;jyKygw,f/ 0rf;omygw,f/ aus;Zl;wifyg w,f}}[k cyfjrefjrefajymNyD; pum; jzwfum xGufoGm;onf/ eHeufaejcnfonf EkysdK&mrS rodrom&ifv h mNy?D jymvJah om jrpfjyifu xrf;ydk;xm;aom oHr PdwHwm;ESpfpif;um; txuf atmuf ay 2000 tuGmwGif t0if;om;/ txufjrefrmEdik if \ H pD;yGm;a&;NrdKUawmf rEÅav;um; rdIif;ndKUndKU? ta&SUwl½IwGif rdkYrdkY pGifhpGifh rif;0Hawmifwef;? awmif wef;rsm;\ tjcm;wpfzufwGif ppfudkif;? rkH&Gm? acsmif;OD;? a&Tbdk? uav;? rdk;aumif;? rdk;n§if;? jrpf BuD;em;paom jynfe,fESifhwdkif; toD;oD;odkY cGJjzmoGm;rnfh vrf; rsm;? ,Sufjzmoef;rnfh wHwm; rsm;pGm? þwHwm;rsm;ay:rS pkef qefu;l oef;onfh c&D;onfEiS hf ukef pnfwif,mOfrsm;? jynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdkifiHawmf\ taemuf ajrmufwcH g;rS e,fpyfuek pf nfrsm; onf jrpfBuD;{&m0wDu xrf;ydk; xm;aom {&m0wDwHwm; (&w emykH)udk jzwfoef;íjynfe,fESifh wdik ;f a'otESt YH jym; aqmif,pl ;D 0if oGm;MuayOD;rnfjzpfonf/ /
16-10-2008
aMu;rHkowif;pm pmrsufESm 10
jynfwGif;ukefMurf;rsm; tajccHxkwfvkyfxm;onfh oGif;ukeftpm;xkd;obm0ajrMoZmrsm;
owif;aqmif;yg;ESifU"mwfykH&Jaemif
]]rdrdwkdYEkdifiHonf pkdufysKd;a&;ukd tajccHonfh EkdifiHjzpfNyD; EkdifiH\ vlOD;a&trsm;pkonfvnf; aus; vufaejynfolrsm; jzpfMuaMumif;? pyg;pkdufysKd;rIukd Munfhygu rkd;pyg;? aEGpyg; pkpkaygif;{uoef; 20cefY &SdaMumif;}} ]]pyg;pkdufysKd;Ekdifonfh v,fajrrsm;&SdNyD; pkdufysKd; Ekid o f nfh vlO;D a&&Sad omfvnf; v,frsm;\yHo k P²mef trsKd;rsKd;&Sdaejcif;? rd½kd;zvmpyg;rsKd;rsm;ukdom pkdufysKd; aejcif;? ajrMoZmrsm; xnho f ifo h avmuf rxnfEh idk f jcif;wkaYd Mumifh pyg;txGuEf eI ;f rSm xGuo f ifo h avmuf xGujf cif;r&So d nfuadk wGU&aMumif;? okjYd zpfítxGuw f ;dk rsKd;pyg;rsm; ajymif;vJpkdufysKd;jcif;? pufud&d,mrsm; toHk;jyKpkdufysKd;jcif;? pkdufenf;pepf rSefuefjcif;wkdYukd pepfwus pDrHaqmif&GufoGm;ygu v,f,mu@ ,ckxufykdí zGHUNzdK;wkd;wufvmrSmjzpfaMumif;}} 139-2008 &ufaeYwGif &efukefwkdif; ppfXmecsKyf tpnf;ta0;cef;rüusif;yonfh &efukefwkdif;? '*HkNrdKU opfa'o pku d yf sK;d a&;txl;Zkef azmfxw k af &;vkyif ef; n§dEIdif;tpnf;ta0;wGif EkdifiHawmf0efBuD;csKyf AkdvfcsKyfBuD;odef;pdef tzGifhtrSmpum; ajymMum;&mü rSmMum;oGm;onf/ jrefrmEkdifiHonf pkdufysKd;a&;tajccHonfh EdkifiH jzpfonfh tm;avsmpf mG t"duoD;ESH 10 rsK;d ukd yef;wkid f txGufEIef;rsm; jynfhrDausmfvGefatmif pkdufpepfrSef uefa&;? oD;ESHtvkduf txGufaumif; rsKd;oefYrsKd;opf rsm;oHk;pGJa&;? "mwfajrMoZmESifh a'oxGufajrMoZm rsm;tm; tcsKd;usaygif;pyf oHk;pGJa&;ESifh oD;ESHtvkduf a&awmfrkd;awmf pdkuf{ursm; wkd;wufjzpfay:a&; ponfhenf;vrf;rsm;jzifh aqmif&Gufvsuf&SdMuonf/ pkdufysKd;Ekdifonfh v,f,majrrsm;&Sd awmifolrsm; onf EdkifiHawmf\ OD;aqmifrIjzifh txGufwkd;rsKd;pyg; rsm; ajymif;vJpu dk yf sK;d jcif;? pku d pf epfreS u f efpmG pku d yf sK;d jcif;wkt Yd jyif Ekid if aH wmfrS xlaxmifay;xm;onfph ufrI Zkerf sm;rS xkwv f yk af om v,f,moH;k pufu&d , d mrsm; &,ltoH;k jyKMuvsuf vufrv I ,f,mrS pufrv I ,f,m okdY t&Sdef,l ul;ajymif;vsuf &SdMuonf/ txl;ojzifh pkdufysKd;ajrrsm;tm; ajrqDvTm\ ½kyf*kPfowåd? ZD0*kPfowåd? "mwf*kPfowdårsm; wkd; wuf aumif;rGefvma&;twGuf "mwfajrMoZmrsm; tpm; oD;ESHtxGufEIef;wkd;NyD; t&nftaoG;aumif; rGefonfh obm0ajrMoZmrsm;ukd ykdrkd&,ltoHk;jyK vsuf&SdMuonf/ jynfwGif; vkyfief;&Sifrsm;uvnf; awmifolrsm;tvkd&Sdonfh obm0ajrMoZmrsm;ukd jynfwGif;rS&&Sdonfh ukefMurf;rsm; toHk;jyKNyD; awmif olrsm;ESifh n§dEIdif;xkwfvkyfay;vsuf &SdMuonf/ awmiforl sm;tvk&d adS om obm0ajrMoZmrsm; xkwfvkyfay;aeMuonfh pufrIvkyfief;&Sifrsm; trsm; tjym;&Sdonfhteuf &Srf;armajrukrÜPDuvnf; ZGJ jrefrmobm0ajrMoZm? &Gufpdrf;obm0 &Gufzsef; tyiftm;jznfah q;&nfEiS hf ZD0&Guzf se;f ajrMoZm&nf rsm; xkwfvkyfvsuf&SdaMumif; Mum;od&í obm0
ajrMoZm oHk;pGJvkdol awmifolrsm;okdY owif;aumif; rsm; yg;Ekdif&ef oGm;a&mufavhvmcJhonf/ &Srf;armajr\ obm0pGrf;aqmif&Sifrsm;? tod ynm&Sif? twwfynm&Sif? enf;ynm&Sifrsm;\ pnf; vH;k nDñw G rf EI iS hf aqmif&u G Ef idk rf rI sm;u obm0&if;jrpf rsm; jyefvnfazmfaqmifEkdifrI? obm0ywf0ef;usif xdef;odrf;EkdifrI? obm0enf;jzifh pkdufysKd;pepfrsm; xGef; um;vmaprIwEYdk iS t hf wl aysm&f iT u f se;f rm csr;f omonfh vlrb I 0rsm; &,lyidk q f idk af prIwu Ydk dk pGr;f pGr;f wrH aqmif &GufEkdifpGrf;&Sdrnf[laom tcdkiftrm,HkMunfrIjzifh xl axmifxkwfvkyf jzefYjzL;jcif;jzpfygaMumif; refae*sif; 'g½kdufwm OD;ÓPfvif;u OD;pGm&Sif;jyonf/ atmf*Jepf(Organic)qkdonfrSm ouf&Sdrsm;jzpf aom tyifESifh owå0gwkdY\ cE¨mukd,ftpdwftykdif; ½kyf
pyg;onf jrefrmwkdY\ tajccHoD;ESHjzpfonf/ pyg;txGufwkd;a&;? ajrqDvTmrsm; jyefvnf aumif; rGefa&;wkdYukd obm0ajrMoZmrsm;uom p&dwfoufompGm aqmifMuOf;ay;Ekdifonf/ apbJ jynfyaps;uGuf0ifoD;ESHrsm; jzpfapjcif;ponfh tusKd;tmedoifrsm; &&SdapEkdifaMumif; refae*sif; 'g½ku d w f mESihf pku d yf sK;d a&;ynm&Sirf sm;u &Si;f jyMuonf/ ZM ZGJjrefrm obm0ajrMoZmonf yJzwf? ESrf;zwf? EGm;acs;? Muufacs;ponfh wd&pämefpGefYypf ypönf;rsm;? vacs;rIefY? t½kd;rIefYuJhokdYaom tusKd;jyK obm0ypönf;rsm;ESifh tyiftusKd;jyK tjcm;aom obm0ypönf;rsm;ukd tcsKd;nDnD a&mpyftoHk;jyKxm; onf/ ZM obm0ajrMoZmrsm;onf "mwfajrMoZm wpfrsKd;wnf; tvGeftuRH oHk;pGJxm;í ajrqDvTm ysufokOf;aeaom v,fajrrsm;ukd ESpfwkdtwGif; ajrom;zGUJ pnf;rI(Soil Structure) jyefvnfaumif;rGef
obm0ajrMoZmokH;xm;aom a*:zDpkdufcif; tm; awGU&pOf/
yJcif;rsm; &SifoefzGHUNzKd;a&; txGufwkd;ap&ef obm0ajrMoZmukdom okH;oifhonf/
vmaponf/ ajrqDvmT twGi;f &Sd tpk"d mwfudk xde;f ay; onf/ oD;ESHvkdtyfaom tm[m&"mwfrsm;ukd &m EIe;f jynfyh yhH ;dk ay;onf/ zsuyf ;dk ESiahf &m*gyk;d rsm; zsuq f ;D rI ukd xdef;csKyfumuG,fay;onf/ wpf{u ajrMoZmzkd; ukefusp&dwf avsmhenf;onf/ obm0t&nftaoG; rsm;jzifh jynfh0aomoD;ESHrsm;&&SdNyD; oD;ESHtxGufwkd;ap onf/ &Gufpdrf;obm0 &Gufzsef;tyif tm;jznfhaq;&nf onf obm0ukt d ajccHí xkwv f yk x f m;onfh &Guzf se;f ajrMoZmt&nfjzpfonf/ bufpHktoHk;jyKEkdifonf/ [if;oD;[if;&Gufrsm;? yef;refrsm;? opfoD;yifrsm;? pyg;? *sKH? ajymif;? ajryJ? ESrf;? aeMum? yJrsKd;pHkponhf oD;ESHrsm; wGif toHk;jyKEkdifonf/ EkdifiHwumtqifhrD t&nf taoG;jrifh [if;oD;[if;&Gufrsm; xkwfvkyf&mwGif "mwkaq;0g;uif;pifaom [if;oD;[if;&Gufrsm; (Orh vsmf ganic Farming Vegetables) twGuf txl;oifa twnfjyKcsdef 1;10
onf/ "mwf
16-10-2008
aMu;rHo k wif;pm pmrsuEf mS 11
yxrtBudrf tm&SoJaomifjyif tm;upm;NydKifyGJ
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