2002 Explorer Wiper And Washer System Diagnosis

2002 Ford Truck Explorer 4WD V6-4.0L VIN E

Copyright © 2008, ALLDATA

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Wiper and Washer Systems: Testing and Inspection Early Build / Late Build Definition Early Build - Vehicles Built Before 03/2002 Late Build - Vehicles Built After 03/2002

Principles of Operation PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION Wipers and Washers The wiper system has three different operating modes: low speed, high speed, and interval mode. In LOW, the windshield wiper motor is set to a low-speed setting. The windshield wiper hi/lo relay is deactivated, while the windshield wiper run/park relay is activated. In HIGH, the windshield wiper motor is set to a high-speed setting. The windshield wiper hi/lo relay and the windshield wiper run/park relay are both activated. In the INTERVAL mode, the windshield wiper motor is set to a low-speed setting with the windshield wiper hi/lo relay deactivated. The windshield wiper run/park relay is activated at the beginning of each wipe and deactivated when the windshield wiper motor park switch reaches the RUN position. The windshield wiper motor allows selection of either low or high speed, when selected on the steering column mounted multifunction switch. When the switch is in the LOW position, the common brush and low speed brush are used. When the switch is in the HIGH position, current bypasses part of the armature winding to the high-speed brush. When the switch is moved to the OFF position, the windshield wiper motor will continue to run at low speed until the windshield wipers park. When the switch is in the INTERVAL position, the windshield wipers will make a single sweep followed by a pause. The control knob on the end of the multifunction switch adjusts the pause from approximately 1-20 seconds.

Vehicles equipped with a generic electronic module (GEM) are available with the speed-dependent interval wiper feature. During the interval mode, the delay between successive wipes will decrease with higher vehicle speed to compensate for increased water on the windshield glass. This feature will relieve the operator from constantly switching between interval settings.

Dwell Intervals For Each Switch State If the washer switch is pressed between 100 ms and 300 ms, with the mode switch in the OFF position, the wiper system will provide one low speed wipe with no wash.

To engage the windshield washer, push the knob of the multifunction switch toward the steering column. When the multifunction switch is in the OFF or INT position, the windshield wipers will run as long as the knob is depressed up to 10 seconds. When the knob is released, the washer will stop immediately, but the windshield wipers will continue to run for two to three sweeps, then return to their previous set operation. Washer engagement does not affect windshield wiper operation when the multifunction switch is in the LOW or HIGH position, but the washer will be deactivated if the knob is held greater than 10 seconds.

Feature inputs: - ignition switch RUN position: (battery potential on both RUN and RUN/ACC inputs) - ignition switch ACC position: (battery potential on RUN/ACC input only)

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wiper switch position: (different resistance for each mode; see Wiper Switch Resistance Values table). interval delay/wash switch position: (different resistance for each mode; See Interval Delay/Wash Switch Resistance Values table) windshield wiper motor park switch: (ground for PARK position and battery potential for RUN position)

Feature outputs: - windshield wiper hi/lo relay control: (ground to activate and open circuit to deactivate) - windshield wiper run/park relay control: (ground to activate and open circuit to deactivate) - washer pump relay control: (ground to activate and open circuit to deactivate) The generic electronic module (GEM) allows operation of the rear wiper functions when the ignition switch is in the RUN or ACC position only. When the liftgate or liftgate glass is ajar (ground potential is present at the liftgate and/or liftgate glass ajar switch), the rear wiper is moved to the PARK position (if not in this position) and deactivated. The GEM controls the cycling of the rear wiper motor through two external relays (rear wiper up relay and rear wiper down relay). There are three modes of operation: INTERVAL, LOW, WASH, and MIST.

In the INTERVAL mode, there are two interval wiper settings to provide the rear wiper dwell times. When the rear wiper mode/wash switch is placed in one of the intervals in the table, the GEM will activate one rear wipe cycle of the rear wiper motor. Once the wiper cycle has reached the LO position, after the initial wipe, the GEM will start a cyclical timing function with the dwell times specified in the table. In the LOW mode, the liftgate wiper motor will cycle the rear motor continuously at a low speed setting.

In the WASH mode, when the rear wiper wash switch is pressed and held for a time greater than 100 ms, the GEM will cycle the rear wiper motor three times.

NOTE: The GEM does not control the rear washer, only the wiper.

In the MIST mode, the washer switch is pressed between 100 ms and 300 ms with the mode switch in the OFF position, the wiper system will provide one low speed wipe with no wash.

Fluid for the rear washer is supplied by a two-way washer pump located in the windshield washer fluid reservoir in the engine compartment.

The rear washer hose contains a check valve, which is located in the hose that passes through the liftgate in the rear of the vehicle. This check valve holds the entire line full of washer fluid between washer operation.

Inspection and Verification INSPECTION AND VERIFICATION 1. The wiper washer system is a generic electronic module (GEM) controlled system. 2. Verify the customer concern.

Visual Inspection Chart 3. Visually inspect for obvious signs of mechanical and electrical damage. 4. If the concern remains after the inspection, connect the diagnostic tool to the data link connector (DLC) located beneath the instrument panel and select the vehicle to be tested from the diagnostic tool menu. If the diagnostic tool does not communicate with the vehicle: - check that the program card is correctly installed. - check the connections to the vehicle.

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check the ignition switch position.

6. Carry out the DATA LINK DIAGNOSTICS test. If the diagnostic tool responds with: - CKT930 = ALL ECUS NO RESP/NOT EQUIP, refer to Information Bus (Module Communications Network). - NO RESPONSE/NOT EQUIPPED for GEM, refer to Body Control Systems (Multifunction Electronic Control Module). - SYSTEM PASSED, retrieve and record the continuous diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs), erase the continuous DTCs and carry out front and rear wiper self-test diagnostics for the GEM. 7. If the DTCs retrieved are related to the concern, go to GEM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Reference Chart to continue diagnostics. See: Early Build/Trouble Code Descriptions 8. If no DTCs related to the concern are retrieved, proceed to Symptom Chart to continue diagnostics. See: Early Build/Diagnosis By Symptom

B1431-B1840

Test A: The Front Wipers Are Inoperative PINPOINT TEST A: THE FRONT WIPERS ARE INOPERATIVE

A1

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Test B: The Front Wipers Stay On Continuously PINPOINT TEST B: THE FRONT WIPERS STAY ON CONTINUOUSLY

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B14

Test C: The Front High/Low Wiper Speeds Do Not Operate Correctly PINPOINT TEST C: THE FRONT HIGH/LOW WIPER SPEEDS DO NOT OPERATE CORRECTLY

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C8

Test D: The Front Wipers Will Not Park At the Correct Position PINPOINT TEST D: THE FRONT WIPERS WILL NOT PARK AT THE CORRECT POSITION

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Test E: The Front Washer Pump Is Operative PINPOINT TEST E: THE FRONT WASHER PUMP IS OPERATIVE

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E13-E14

Test F: The Front Speed Dependent Interval Mode Does Not Operate Correctly PINPOINT TEST F: THE FRONT SPEED DEPENDENT INTERVAL MODE DOES NOT OPERATE CORRECTLY

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Test G: The Rear Wipers Are Inoperative PINPOINT TEST G: THE REAR WIPERS ARE INOPERATIVE

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G16-G17

Test H: The Rear Wipers Stay On Continuously PINPOINT TEST H: THE REAR WIPERS STAY ON CONTINUOUSLY

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H10

Test I: The Rear Wipers Will Not Park At the Correct Position PINPOINT TEST I: THE REAR WIPERS WILL NOT PARK AT THE CORRECT POSITION

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Test J: The Rear Washer Pump Is Operative PINPOINT TEST J: THE REAR WASHER PUMP IS OPERATIVE

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Test K: Both Front and Rear Washer Pump Is Operative PINPOINT TEST K: BOTH FRONT AND REAR WASHER PUMP IS OPERATIVE

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Symptom Chart (Part 1)

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Symptom Chart (Part 2)

Principles of Operation PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION The wiper motors receive inputs from the following: - multifunction switch - powertrain control module (PCM) - ignition switch - battery junction box (BJB) The following components are integrated in the wiper motors: - windshield wiper motor module - hi/lo speed relay - run/park sense (Hall effect) - washer pump relay High Speed Windshield Wipers High speed is activated when the multifunction switch supplies ground to the windshield wiper motor module inputs. The windshield wiper motor module then supplies ground to the run/park sense and high/low relay coil, activating the relay with voltage supplied from the battery through the central junction box (CJB). When the windshield wiper motor module receives voltage from the run/park sense, it removes ground from the run/park sense, deactivating it. The windshield wiper motor continues to operate from voltage connected through the run/park sense until the Hall effect senses magnet in the motor. When the Hall effect senses magnet in the motor the windshield wiper motor returns to the park position, the internal run/park sense grounds the windshield wiper motor module input and the windshield wiper motor module removes ground from the windshield wiper high/low relay coil, deactivating the high/low relay and windshield wiper motor. The windshield wiper motor module continues to cycle the windshield wipers until the inputs from the multifunction switch are changed from the high speed position. Low Speed Windshield Wipers Low speed is activated when the multifunction switch supplies a specific ground to the speed inputs of the windshield wiper motor module. The windshield wiper motor module then supplies ground to only the windshield wiper run/park relay coil, activating it. When the windshield wiper run/park relay is activated, the deactivated windshield high/low relay connects voltage to the windshield wiper motor low input activating the wiper motor. The windshield wiper motor module continues to operate the windshield wiper motor in the same manner as in high speed, but in low speed with the wiper motor connected to the low speed input. Intermittent Speed Windshield Wipers The intermittent wiper speed is activated with grounds controlled by the multifunction switch inputs to the windshield wiper motor module. The

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windshield wiper motor module then activates the windshield wiper run/park relay coil and switches voltage through the windshield wiper high/low relay. The high/low relay remains deactivated supplying the voltage to the wiper motor low speed input and activates the windshield wiper motor. When the windshield wiper motor module receives the grounded input, the motor continues to operate until Hall effect senses magnet, which turns off the run/park sense output to the windshield wiper run/park software, deactivating the relay and disconnecting voltage to the wiper motor. The windshield wipers remain parked until the windshield wiper motor module completes a time-out and then repeats the intermittent windshield wiper cycle. Speed Dependent Windshield Wipers The windshield wiper motor module responds to the windshield wiper control commands by interpreting inputs from the PCM system. The speed dependent wipers will compensate for the extra moisture that accumulates on the windshield at higher speeds, except when the multifunction switch is in the INT 1 position. At higher speeds, the speed dependent feature shortens the delay between wipes when using the variable interval wipers. Delays will automatically adjust at speeds between 16 and 105 km/h (10 and 65 mph). Intermittent Rear Window Wiper System The rear window wiper intermittent speed is activated when the rear window wiper motor module receives ground controlled by the multifunction switch inputs to the rear window wiper motor module. The rear window wiper motor module then activates the rear window wiper relay (internal) by momentarily grounding the relay coil. This activates the rear window wiper motor by providing voltage from the battery junction box (BJB). Once the rear window wiper motor is activated, its internal run/park switch connects voltage to the motor, keeping it operating. When the rear window wiper motor returns to the park position, the run/park switch disconnects voltage internally from the wiper motor input, reconnecting it to the rear window wiper motor module output. The rear window wiper remains parked until the rear window wiper motor module completes a time-out and then repeats the cycle. Washer System The windshield washer and the rear window washer are activated by the internal wiper motor modules when it receives a ground from the multifunction switch between the washer inputs. Depending on the correct ground, the internal wiper motor modules activate either the windshield washer or rear window washer relays (internal) by grounding the respective relay coil. When either relay is activated, it connects voltage to the washer pump while the deactivated relay provides ground to the washer pump. In this manner, voltage polarity is reversible to achieve directional change of the washer pump and washer fluid. Default Mode The windshield wiper motor defaults to this mode when the RUN/PARK sense does not sense the Hall effect magnet inside the wiper motor. This can be caused by obstruction of windshield wipers or binding linkage. The windshield wiper motor will continue to operate in a HI/LO speed condition for a period of 60 seconds.

Inspection and Verification INSPECTION AND VERIFICATION 1. Verify the customer concern by operating the system.

Visual Inspection Chart 2. Visually inspect for obvious signs of mechanical or electrical damage. 3. If an obvious cause for an observed or reported concern is found, correct the cause (if possible) before proceeding to the Symptom Chart. See: Late Build/Diagnosis By Symptom

Symptom Chart (Part 1)

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Symptom Chart (Part 2)

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Symptom Chart (Part 3)

Test L: The Windshield Wipers Are Inoperative PINPOINT TEST L: THE WINDSHIELD WIPERS ARE INOPERATIVE

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Test M: The Rear Wiper Is Inoperative PINPOINT TEST M: THE REAR WIPER IS INOPERATIVE

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M7

Test N: The Windshield Wipers Stay On Continuously PINPOINT TEST N: THE WINDSHIELD WIPERS STAY ON CONTINUOUSLY

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N4-N5

Test O: The Rear Wiper Stays On Continuously PINPOINT TEST O: THE REAR WIPER STAYS ON CONTINUOUSLY

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O5

Test P: The High/Low Windshield Wiper Speeds Do Not Operate Correctly PINPOINT TEST P: THE HIGH/LOW WINDSHIELD WIPER SPEEDS DO NOT OPERATE CORRECTLY

P1

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P4-P5

Test Q: The Low Rear Window Wiper Speed Does Not Operate Correctly PINPOINT TEST Q: THE LOW REAR WINDOW WIPER SPEED DOES NOT OPERATE CORRECTLY

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Q4-Q5

Test R: The Intermittent Windshield Wiper Speed Does Not Operate Correctly PINPOINT TEST R: THE INTERMITTENT WINDSHIELD WIPER SPEED DOES NOT OPERATE CORRECTLY

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R5

Test S: The Intermittent Rear Wiper Speed Does Not Operate Correctly PINPOINT TEST S: THE INTERMITTENT REAR WIPER SPEED DOES NOT OPERATE CORRECTLY

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S4-S5

Test T: The Windshield Wipers Do Not Operate Correctly In the Mist Position PINPOINT TEST T: THE WINDSHIELD WIPERS DO NOT OPERATE CORRECTLY IN THE MIST POSITION

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T3

Test U: The Rear Window Wiper Wash and Wipe Function Does Not Operate PINPOINT TEST U: THE REAR WINDOW WIPER WASH AND WIPE FUNCTION DOES NOT OPERATE

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Test V: The Washer Pump Is In Operative PINPOINT TEST V: THE WASHER PUMP IS IN OPERATIVE

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V12-V13

9.90

Page 110

2002 Ford Truck Explorer 4WD V6-4.0L VIN E

Copyright © 2008, ALLDATA

9.90

Page 111

V14-V15

Test W: The Windshield Wiper Speed Dependent Interval Mode Does Not Operate Correctly PINPOINT TEST W: THE WINDSHIELD WIPER SPEED DEPENDENT INTERVAL MODE DOES NOT OPERATE CORRECTLY

2002 Ford Truck Explorer 4WD V6-4.0L VIN E

Copyright © 2008, ALLDATA

W1-W2

9.90

Page 112

2002 Ford Truck Explorer 4WD V6-4.0L VIN E

Copyright © 2008, ALLDATA

W3-W4

9.90

Page 113

2002 Ford Truck Explorer 4WD V6-4.0L VIN E

Copyright © 2008, ALLDATA

W5

9.90

Page 114