2. Information - Definition

INFORMATION Definition Function & Use Characteristic

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Definition 

The term information has a number of different meanings and connotations when used in a number of different contexts. It is generally recognized as processed data, text, voice and/or image and is synonymous with knowledge or intelligence. Many information scientists accept the standard definition of information as: “Data which is used in decision making” (Ralston, Anthony)

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Definition (cont..) 

Fritz Machlup (1983) carefully assessed the different meanings associated with the information. Some interpretations from these sources are as follows:         

Something one did not know before. A clue. Something that affects what one already knows. How data is interpreted. Something useful in some way to the person receiving it. Something that reduces uncertainty. The meaning of words in sentences. Something that provides more than what is stated. Something that changes what a person who receives believes or expects. abs.UiTM Johor

Function and Use 

Information is a key resource and an important factor in national progress and development. It used to be regarded as playing only a supportive role in the various national development programs like education, economic planning, agriculture, medicine and the transfer of science and technology. Now, however its importance is being increasingly recognized and its acquisition has emerged as a matter of national policy. abs.UiTM Johor

Characteristics of Information 

Expandable 

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Compressible 

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At the speed of lights, as quick as pushing a button.

Diffusive 

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It can replace capital or physical materials, information is a commodity and on the current scene that means power.

Transportable 

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While the amount is expanding exponentially, it can be concentrated, integrated, summarized, miniaturized for easier handling.

Substitutable 

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Facts are never all in, we are constantly aware of information overload.

It tends to leak and in that regard cannot be possessed.

Shareable 

Sharing transactions. abs.UiTM Johor

Assignment #1 

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Search an article that support the statement below: “the importance of information is increasingly recognized and its acquisition has emerged as a matter of National Policy”. Work in a group of 2 students. Write a summary of the article not less that 200 words and; Submit the article and the summary by: 9th July 2003. abs.UiTM Johor