17 P& Id Format Electrical Fundamentals

P & ID FORMAT ELECTRICAL SYSTEM FUNDAMENTALS

PIPE DATA ON P&IDs • • • •

SIZES BASED ON VELOCITY AND/OR PRESSURE DROPS. MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTION INSULATION AND TRACING, IF REQUIRED CAN BE LISTED IN A PIPE SCHEDULE AT THE BOTTOM OF THE SHEET. LINE NUMBER LINE SIZE in.

101

102

103

104

http://www.curren thvac.net/images/ AutoCad2.jpg

105

4

6

6

8

12

MEDIA

R.M. 1

R.M. 2

RXTR PROD

STEAM

COMP. AIR

M. O. C.

316 SS

316 SS

316 SS

304 SS

C.S.

YES

YES

NO

YES

NO

INSULATED

1

LOOP DATA ON P&ID’S •

MOST LOOPS WILL BE DESIGNATED BY: – A SINGLE BUBBLE – CONNECTED TO SENSOR – AND CONTROLLED INSTRUMENT OR INTERLOCK. I

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CONTROL ON P&IDs • ALL PRIMARY CONTROL LOOPS SHOULD BE SHOWN • ALL SUPERVISORY ALARMS SHOULD BE INDICATED ON THE DIAGRAM • ALL INTERLOCKED ALARMS SHOULD BE INDICATED ON THE DIAGRAM • PLCs SHOULD BE SHOWN CONNECTED TO CONTROL ELEMENTS

2

PRIMARY CONTROL AND ALARMS ON P&IDs TO LOW PRESSURE INTERLOCK CONNECTIONS

TO CONTROL ELEMENT

TO HIGH PRESSURE INTERLOCK CONNECTIONS

PC PS

I

I PALL

PAL

PAH

PAHH

TYPICAL PLC CONNECTIONS REACTOR PLC

S PS

LS

TS

FCV

3

PLC LOGIC DIAGRAMS • CREATED AS SEPARATE DOCUMENTS • NEED TO BE LINKED TO THE ELECTRICAL AND INSTRUMENT DIAGRAMS • USE LADDER LOGIC SYMBOLOGY

http://www.industrialtext.com/Support/Logic_Sy mbols.PDF

STANDARD DRAWINGS •

• •

INCLUDE DETAILS FOR COMPONENTS IN THE CONTROL LOOP STANDARD DRAWINGS SHOULD BE ATTACHED TO THE P&ID SET STANDARD DRAWINGS SHOULD BE NOTED ON ALL P&ID’s.

4

TYPICAL STANDARD DRAWING STANDARD FLOW CONTROL LOOP

Set Point CONTROL ROOM INDICATION & DATA RECORDING DATA HIGHWAY FRC CONTROL CARD IN I/O CABINET

IAS

P

I

TRANSMITTER TRANSDUCER

IAS

P

I

TRANSMITTER TRANSDUCER

FCV FLOW SENSOR

STANDARD DRAWING CONFIGURATION •

•

•

CONTROL BUBBLE SHOULD INCLUDE A HORIZONTAL LINE IF THE SIGNAL IS SHOWN IN THE CONTROL ROOM. INTERLOCKS I SHOULD BE CONNECTED TO ALL DEVICES IN THE LOOP INCLUDING THE ALARMS. SEE TEXT FIGURE D-6 FOR COMMON SYMBOLS

5

ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS • •

POWER, GROUNDING & CONTROL POWER DESIGN - DELIVERY OF POWER TO DRIVERS IN THE FACILITY 13,800 DISTRIBUTION

13.8 kV/4160V PLANT SUBSTATION

4160V/480V AREA SUB

4160V/480V AREA SUB

4160V MOTORS

4160V/480V AREA SUB

13.8 kV MOTORS

13.8 kV/4160V PLANT SUBSTATION

4160V/480V AREA SUB

4160V/480V AREA SUB

4160V/480V AREA SUB

POWER DELIVERY •

TYPICAL SUPPLY IS AT 13.8 Kv • •

•

IN-PLANT DISTRIBUTION CAN BE AT 4160 V OR 440 V • •

•

CAN BE USED TO DRIVE LARGE MOTORS REQUIRES SPECIAL METHODS FOR START-UP AND SHUT DOWN OPERATIONS

4160 V CAN BE USED TO DRIVE LARGER MOTORS 460/480 V IS THE TYPICAL LEVEL FOR MOST LOW MEDIUM HP UNITS

LOWER LEVELS ARE USED FOR LIGHTING, SMALL MOTORS AND CONTROL SYSTEMS.

6

DISTRIBUTION FOR MOTOR DRIVERS •

AC MOTORS •

• •

•

DC MOTORS • •

•

CONSTANT SPEED SQUIRREL CAGE OPERATING ON 60 Hz CURRENT, CAN RUN AT 3600/1800/1200/900/600/450 RPM, DEPENDING ON THE ARRANGEMENT OF THE WINDINGS WOUND-ROTOR INDUCTION VARIABLE FREQUENCY ALLOW DIFFERENT SPEEDS USE RECTIFIES TO PRODUCE CONSTANT SPEED OPERATION THERE IS AN INHERENT LOSS IN EFFICIENCY FOR THESE UNITS.

SYNCHRONOUS MOTORS –

HAVE A CONSTANT SPEED OPERATION BASED ON THE POWER SUPPLY FREQUENCY

http://www.hupp-electric.com/graphics/service.jpg

MOTOR CONTROL CENTERS • •

CONTAIN THE STARTERS FOR THE VARIOUS TYPES OF MOTORS CONTAIN THE OVERLOADS AND CONTROL CONNECTIONS FOR THE MOTORS

http://www.automation.siem ens.com/cd/sivacon/html_76 /8pt_motorcontrolcenter_ein schub.htm

7

POWER DISTRIBUTION •

CAN BE OVERHEAD USING POLES OR CABLE TRAYS CAN BE UNDERGROUND USING DUCT BANKS LOCALLY IS THROUGH CONDUIT

• •

http://www.powertechnology.com/contractor_imag http://www.fpc.unc.edu/construction/projects.asp?P es/al-babtain/4roject=105&Update=022105 distribution_pole.jpg

CONTROL SYSTEMS •

CONNECTED INTERLOCK SYSTEMS • •

•

LOGIC DIAGRAMS INDICATE THE STRUCTURE ACTUAL PROGRAM MAY BE ON PLC.

SEND SIGNALS TO STARTERS http://www.cybroplc.com/cybro.htm

8

GROUNDING SYSTEMS •

•

GROUNDING SYSTEMS ARE SET UP INDEPENDENT OF THE ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM EVERYTHING THAT CAN CONDUCT IS CONNECTED TO THE GROUNDING SYSTEM

http://www.geotechinc.com/images/LIGHTNING%202.j pg

9