15-19 Jan

“wdkif;jynfeJ@vlxktusdK; a&S;±_+yD; jywfjywfom;om; aqmif&Guf=u?” u?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;) ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

'Drdku&ufwpfjrefrm@toH

18 Zefe0g&D 2009

‘±kd[if*sm’ sm’ta&; ‘xkdif;0ef}uD;csKyf’u vl@tcGifhta&;tzGJ@rsm;ESifh awG@qHkaqG;aEG;rnf xkdif;a&wyfu yifv,fxJa&jyefar#mvkdufwhJ ±kd[if*sm'kuQonfawG ta&;udk xkdif;0ef}uD;csKyfeJ@ vl@tcGihfta&; tzGJ@awG awG@qHkaqG;aEG;awmhrSmyg? “reufjzefrSm vl@tcGifha&;tzGJ@awGukd tpdk;&±Hk;rSm vufcHawG@qkH+yD; 'dDudpPawG aqG;aEG;zdk@&Sdygw,f” vdk@ 0ef}uD;csKyftzd tzdppfu owif;axmufawGudk ajym=um;ygw,f? tapmykdif;xGufay:cJhwJhowif;awGt& xkdif;a&wyfu ±kd[if*sm 400cef@udk tpmryg/ a&rygbJ pufrygwJhavSwpD;ay:wif+yD; EkdifiHwuma&jyifxJ ar#m v$wfvkduf+yD;aemuf oDwif;2 ywft=umrSm tJ'DxJu 100cef@udk tdENd, a&wyfu u,fwifEkdifcJhw,f/ 300-eD;yg; aoqkH;oGm;w,fqkdwJh pGyfpGJcsuf awG xGufvm+yD;aemuf xkdif;0ef}uD;csKyfu wHk@jyefvmwmyg? 0ef}uD;csKyftzd tzdppfpf

xkdif;bufujyefykd@vkdufolvkd@,lq&wJh aemufxyfavSpD;'kuQonfwcsK@d udk tdENd,EkdifiH ykd@bvJu|ef;teD;rSm 'Dae@xyfrHu,fwifEkdifchJw,fv@dk attufzf yDowif;rSm azmfjyygw,f? 'DZifbm29uae 'Dae@txd jrefrmeJ@ b*Fvm; a'h&SfEkdifiHom; avSpD;ajy;'kuQonfaygif; 446 OD;ukd tdENd,urf;ajcapmifh wyfzGJ@u u,fwifEdkifcJhw,fvkd@ qdkygw,f? -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

17 Zefe0g&D 2009

a&S›ae ‘udkzdk;jzL’ jzL’udk tm%mykdifrsm;u zrf;qD; EkdifiHa&;tr_awGrSm vkdufygtusKd;aqmifaewJh vli,fa&S›aeuk ukdzkd;jzLuk jzL d tm%mydkifawGu zrf;vdkufw,fvkd@ ol@rdwf aqGawGu ajymygw,f? tkdift,ftkd(urBmhtvkyform;tzGJ@csKyf) qD wkdif=um;r_eJ@ qufpyfzrf;qD;cHae&wJh atmifvH+rdK@ u udkaZmfaX;wk X; d@ tr_wJGudk vkdufygaqmif&Gufay;aewJh udkzdk;jzL(touf 30 ausmf)ukd 'Dv 15 &ufnrSm rauG;wkdif; tm%mydkif awGu zrf;vkdufwmvdk@ &efukef&Sd ol@vkyfazmfudkifzufwOD;u ajymygw,f? 'Dvqef; 1 &ufwkef;uvnf; rauG;w&m;¶Hk; tr_csdef;utjyefrSm udkzkd;jzLudk tm%mykdifawGu wnwm ac:,l ppfaq;cJhygao;w,f? tJ'Daemuf udkzdk;jzLudk tr_vdkufa&S›aeyg0g ±kyfodrf;vkdufwma=umifh a'ocHa&S›ae OD;atmif usifvif;udk wm0efv$Jvkduf&ygw,f?

“tmZmenfyk*[email protected];udk qHk;cef;wdkif qufvufIaqmif&ëufrnf rnf?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;)

1

“wdkif;jynfeJ@vlxktusdK; a&S;±_+yD; jywfjywfom;om; aqmif&Guf=u?” u?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;) ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

tckw}udrfrSmawmh 3 &uf=umwJhtxd tdrfjyefra&mufao;wma=umifh ukdzdk;jzLudk tm%mydkifawGu zrf;xm; vkduf+yDvkd@ ,kH=unf&a=umif; ukdzdk;jzL&J@rdwfaqGu ajymygw,f? udkaZmfaX;wkd@tr_twGuf 'Dv 15 &uf rauG;+rdK@ w&m;±Hk; 'kwd,t}udrf±Hk;csdef;udk udkzkd;jzLudk,fwkdif oGm;vkd@r&awmhwJhtwGuf tr_e@J oufqdkifwhJ uGefjyLwmqkdif&m/ rSwfwrf;qkdif&moufaoawG xGufp&m&Sdaeao;wJhtwGuf uGefjyLwmu|rf;usifolwOD;udk oufaocHypPnf;awGeJ@ twl atmifvHtxd udkzkd;jzLuvkdufykd@+yD; tJ'Doufaotjyefukd atmifvH&Sdum;*dwfrSmapmihfaepOf tzrf;cH&wm vkd@ &efukef/ atmifvHeJ@ rauG;&Sd ol@rdwfaqGawGu ajymygw,f? rauG;wkdif; &JwyfzGJ@&J@trdef@t& atmifvHtxl;&Jowif;wyfzGJ@u udkzkd;jzLukd atmifvHutxGuf vkdif;um;ay:rSm wif vufxdyfcwfzrf;qD;+yD; nwGif;csif; rauG;tcsKyfudk ydk@vdkufw,fvdk@od&+yD; rauG;+rdK@&JtcsKyfcef;xJrSm ppfaq; cHae&wmjzpfzkd@rsm;w,fvdk@ 'Dtr_ta=umif;odaewJh rauG;eJ@ atmifvH a'ocHawGu ajymygw,f? rauG;wkdif; ewfarmufa'ou v,f,majrawGudk tJ'Da'o&Sdppfwyfuavsmfa=u;ray;bJodrf;,lr_udkv,form; awGu &efukef tdkift,fvftdk¶Hk;xHwkdif=um;cJhygw,f? tJ'Dvkdwkdif&mrSm yg0ifulnDwhJ udkaZmfaX;eJ@ wjcm; 3 OD;udk tm%mydkifawGu zrf;qD;w&m;pGJygw,f? tm%mydkifawG&J@pGJqdkcsufawGudk acsyzkd@twGuf udkaZmfaX;&J@ rdom;pku ukdzkd;jzLukd tusKd; aqmifa&S›aetjzpf wm0efay;tyfchJwmyg? -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

‘o&D;'Dzef;’u jrefrmtef*sDtkd 8 ckukd &efyHkaiGaxmufay;tyf o&D;'Dzef;(3D Fund)vkd@vlodrsm;wJh ‘a&m*g 3rs 3rsKd;wkdufzsufa&;&H &;&HykHaiGtzGJ@’u jrefrmtef*sDtkd 8 ckukd yxrqkH; t}udrftjzpf tar&duefa':vm 7 aomif;pD pDrHudef;aiG xkwfay;vkdufygw,f? &efukefrSm rae@uvkyfwJh pmc|ef v$mvufrSwfxkd;+yD; ay;tyfvkdufwmjzpf+yD; xl;jcm;wJhwkd;wufr_ygyJvkd@ o&D;'Dzef;jyef=um;a&;t&m&dS Denise Jeanmonod u ajymygw,f? 2007 ckeSpftwGif; txl;uGif;qif;avhvmcsuft& vlxktajccHvlr_a&;tzGJ@tpnf;awGeJ@ ykdrkdyl;aygif;aqmif&Guf Ekdif&if tusKd;ydk&Sdr,fqkdwmudkawG@&Sd&+yD; txl;ojzifh usef;rma&;0ef}uD;XmeeJ@ EkdifiHwum tef*sDtkdawG oGm;vmzkd@ cufcJwJh a'oawGtwGuf tckvkdtultnDay;tyfwmyJvkd@ Denise Jeanmonod u ajymygw,f?

“'g[m a'ocHtef*sDtkdtzGJpnf;awGudk yxrqkH;t}udrfay;tyfjcif;ygyJ? ath'fpf/ iSufzsm;/ wDbD a&m*gokH;rsKd;wkduf zsufa&;twGuf usrwdk@&xm;wJh ig;ESpfpmpDrHudef; a':vmoef; 100 udk ykd+yD;xda&mufatmifoHk;pGJcsifvkd@yg? tck csdefxdoHk;cJhwJh 41 oef;[m ukvor*vufatmufcHtzGJ@ 5 ckeJ@ EkdifiHwum tef*sDtkd 15 cktwGufyJ &Sdao;wJh twGuf a'ocHtef*sDtkdawGudk tckvkdcJGa0ay;wmyg? txl;ojzifh iSufzsm;a&m*g[m oGm;vmzkd@rvG,fulwJh a0; vHwJhaus;vufawGrSm tjzpfrsm;wma=umifh tJ'Da'oawGrSm xdxda&mufa&mufvkyfEdkifwhJ a'ocHtzG@J awGudk &SmazG+yD; tckvkday;tyf&wmyg?” o&D;'Dzef;&efyHkaiGudk pdwf0ifpm;wJh a'ocHtzGJ@tpnf; 60eD;yg;xJu yxrqifhtjzpf tck 8 zG@J udk a&G;cs,fay;tyf vkduf+yD; wjcm;tzGJ@awGudkvnf; aemufykdif;rSmxyfay;oGm;Ekdifatmif pDpOfaew,fvkd@vnf; ajymygw,f? 'gayrJh wcsKd@tzGJ@tpnf;awG[m usef;rma&;0ef}uD;XmerSm aq;zufqkdif&mtef*sDtkdtzJG@tjzpf rSwfykHwifrxm;wJhtwGuf tcuftcJ&Sdae+yD; wcsKd@tzGJ@awGusawmh 'Da&m*gokH;rsKd; umuG,fwkdufzsufa&; aqmif&Gufr_eJ@ywfouf+yD; o&D;'D zef;u owfrSwfxm;wJhpH r&ao;bl;vdk@ Denise Jeanmonod uajymygw,f? “tmZmenfyk*[email protected];udk qHk;cef;wdkif qufvufIaqmif&ëufrnf rnf?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;)

2

“wdkif;jynfeJ@vlxktusdK; a&S;±_+yD; jywfjywfom;om; aqmif&Guf=u?” u?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;) ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

o&D;'Dzef;[m 2006 uae 2011txd 5 ESpftwGuf a':vm oef; 100 tultnD&xm;+yD; 'DESpftwGuaf ':vm 21 oef;cef@ oHk;pGJr,fvkd@qkdygw,f/ o&D;'Dzef;&J@ a':vmoef; 100 tvSL&SifawGuawmh +Adwdef (36 oef;)/ Oa&my or*~(23 oef;)/ qGD'if(15 oef;)/ =opa=wvs (13 oef;)/ e,fomvef (7 oef;)eJ@ aemfa0; (7 oef;) wkd@ jzpfyg w,f? tvSL&SifEkdifiHawG&J@ qkH;jzwfcsuftwkdif; aiGawGudkcef@cGJtoHk;csae+yD; jrefrmppftpdk;&bufua&m/ twkduf tcHbufuyg o&D;'Dzef;vkyfief;awGudk v$rf;rkd;r_r&Sda=umif;/ usef;rma&;apmifha&Smufr_udpPtwGuf oGm;vma&; udpPawG t&ifxufykdvG,fulvma=umif; Denise Jeanmonod uajymyg w,f? jrefrmEdkifiH&Sd tdyfcsftdkifAD/ath'fpf/ iSufzsm;/ wDbDpwJha0'em&SifawGudk &mE_ef;jynhfrulnDEdkifao;ygbl;vdk@ Denise Jeanmonod uajymygw,f? “usrwkd@tzGJ@u 5ESpfpm oef;100 &xm;ayrJh ath'fpfa0'emonftwGuf ulnDEkdifwhJtajctae[m vdktyfcsuf &J@ 37 &mckdifE_ef;wnf;yg? iSufzsm;twGufu 75 &mckdif;E_ef;/ wDbDtwGufuawmh 46 &mckdifE_ef;yJ ulnDEkdifygw,f? tvSLaiGvkdaeqJjzpfvdk@ wjcm;EkdifiHawGvnf; vSL'gef;vmapvkdaa=umif;/ vufawG@aqmif&GufEkdifwJh vGwfvyfwJh tajccHvl@tzGJ@tpnf; tef*sDtkdawGeJ@ t&Sdefjr‡ifhyl;aygif;aqmif&GufoGm;r,fvdk@ o&D;'Dzef;ajymcGifh&yk*d~Kvf Denise Jeanmonod u ajym=um;ygw,f? -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

‘±kd[if*sm’ sm’rsm;udk armif;xkwfonfhudpP ‘xkdif;’ujiif;qkd jrefrmeJ@ b*Fvm;a'h&Sfbufu w&m;r0ifa&$@ajymif;vmwJh avSpD;'kuQonfawGudk xdkif;a&wyfu xdkif;a&ydkifeuf xJuae yifv,fxJukd jyefarmif;xkwfw,fqkdwhJ pGyfpGJcsufawGtay: xdkif;ujiif; qdkvdkufa=umif; attufzfyD owif;rSm azmfjyygw,f? 'DavSpD;'kuQonfawGudk urf;pyfrSmvJScscdkif;xm;jyD; olw@kd &J@vufawGudk }udK;wkyfxm;wJh "mwfyHkawGudk rD'D,mawG rSmazmfjyxm;wJhtay: a&wyfajymcGifh& Captain Prachachart Sirisawatu jiif;qdkvdkufwmyg? xdkif;a&wyf[m xdkif;ydkifeufxJudka&mufvmwJh jrefrmeJ@ b*Fvm;a'h&Sfu ±dk[if*smvlrsdK; 'kuQonfawGudk Kho Sai Daeng qdkwJh u|ef;ay:rSm &uftawmf=umxm;+yD;aemuf tpma&pmenf;enf;yg;yg;ay;+yD; pufrygwJhavSwpif;eJ@ yifv,fxJudk jyefar#mvdkufw,fvdk@ &cdkifvl@tcGifhta&;tzJG@wck&J@ajym=um;csuft& bDbDpDrSmygvmwJhowif;awGtay: xdkif; a&wyfu jiif;qdkwmyg? b*Fvm;a'h&Sftajcpdkuf ukvm;wefowif;Xmeu olwdk@udk,fwdkif }udK;pm;pHkprf;&&dSxm;wJh owif;awGt& +yD;cJhwJhEdk0ifbmrSm ±dk[if*smawGygvmwJh pufavStpD; 50cef@ weoFm&Dwkdif; aumhaomif;bufu ae xGufvm+yD; e,fpyfwae&mrSm csxm;ay;cJhavh&Sdw,fvdk@ ukvm;wefowif;Xmeu OD;wifpdk;u ajymjyygw,f? xkdif;tm%mykdifawGudk ta=umif;=um;&mrSm bmpufavSrSrawG@bl;vk@d ta=umif;jyefayr,hf avSpD;'kuQonfawG udk vlola0;wJhae&m u|ef;awGrSm zrf;qD;xm;w,fqkdwmudk pHkprf;od&Sd&wmvkd@ OD;wifpdk;u ajymygw,f? ¶dk[if*sm avSawGudk xdkif;a&wyfu zrf;qD;&rd&if u|ef;wu|ef;udkac:oGm;+yD; xdef;odrf;xm;w,fqkdwm xkdif;owif;axmuf awGqDu od&Sd&w,fvkd@vnf; ajymjyygw,f? “olwdk@udk tpmweyfpmyJau|;=uw,f? usaemfwkd@odoavmufqdk

&if wcgwcgus&if rau|;bl;/ a&yJwdkufw,f? aevSef;xm;w,f/ ig;ajcmufvSrf;xm;wJh yHkpHrsKd;yJ wywfESpfywf avmuf olwdk@pDrHudef;eJ@ olwdk@vkyf+yD;awmh tJh'DvlawGukd }udK;eJ@vufawGudk csnfxm;+yD;awmh pufavSawGay:rSm wifw,f? a&ay;&if enf;enf;yJay;w,f/ tpmay;&if enf;enf;yJay;+yD;awmh tJh'DvlawGudk óud;qGJ+yD;awmh yifv,fxJudkac:oGm;+yD;awmh v$wfvdkufwmyJ?” “tmZmenfyk*[email protected];udk qHk;cef;wdkif qufvufIaqmif&ëufrnf rnf?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;)

3

“wdkif;jynfeJ@vlxktusdK; a&S;±_+yD; jywfjywfom;om; aqmif&Guf=u?” u?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;) ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

xdkif;awmifydkif; zefic±dkiftajcpdkuf ‘vlxkvl@tcGifhta&;ynmay;tzJ@G ’'g¶kdufwm OD;xl;cspfu ±dk[if*smavSpD;'kuQ onfawGudk t&ifvdkqufoG,fulnDcGifhr&awmhbl;vkd@ ajymygw,f? “cgwdkif;qdk&if usaemfwdk@tzGJ@tpnf;taeeJ@

u ±dk[if*smzrf;rdw,fqdk&if vlom;csif;pmemwJh tultnDawGay;vd@k &w,f/ Oyrm/tpm;taomuf/ t0wf txnfawG/ aq;0g;wdk@aygh? 'DESpf +yD;cJhwJhESpfywfavmufrSm xdkif;a&wyf&Ju ta=umif;=um;w,f/ wcgyJoGm;ulnD zl;w,f tJh'D aemufydkif; usaemfwdk@udkvnf; rqufoG,fawmhbl;?” Edk0ifbmvv,fup+yD;awmh tckxd avSaygif; 15pD;xufrenf; xdkif;uzrf;rd+yD; yifv,fxJjyefar#mvkdufw,f qkd wJhowif; =um;odxm;&w,fvkd@ OD;xl;cspfuajymygw,f? ±dk[if*smawG ckvkd 'kuQa&mufae&wJh ta=umif;&if;[m jrefrm etzppftpdk;&&J@ zdpD;ESdyfpufr_yJvkd@ OD;xl;cspfu ajymygw,f?

“&[ef;oHCmawmifrSyJ 'Davmufxd ESdyfpufn‡if;yrf;aewJhtpdk;&taeeJ@ 'DvdkrsKd;bmomrwlwhJ vlrsKd;uGJwhJvlawG u ydkqdk;wmayghAsm? olwdk@e,fajrwGif;rSmvnf; olw@kd taeeJ@ c&D;awG vGwfvyfoGm;vdk@r&bl;/ tpdk;&vkyfwJh zGH@òzd; a&;vkyfief;awG/ ppfwyfwdk;csJ@wmawG olwdk@vkyftm;ay;awG cH&w,f/ olwdk@bkd;pOfabmifqufykdifwhJ ajr,mawG odrf;cHxdw,f/ 'ga=umifholwdk@vHk;0udk aevdk@r&bl; rxl;awmhbl; [dkrSmaewJhtwlwl aocsifvnf;aoqdk+yD;awmh xGufvm=uwm?” vGefcJhwJh'DZifbmrwdkifcifuawmh avSpD;¶dk[if*smawGukd xdkif;tpdk;uzrf;rd&if jrefrme,fpyfudk jyefydk@wmawG&dScJhay r,hf 90 &mcdkifE_ef;avmufuawmh ol@tqufoG,feJ@ol rav;&Sm;bufudk a&mufatmifoGm;EdkifcJhw,fvdk@ od&yg w,f? ¶dk[if*smawG pufrJhavSxJrSm yifv,fxJ tpma&pmjywf avSysufarsm+yD; tif'dkeD;&Sm;u|ef;pkwckrSm arsm wifwJh tjzpfqdk; }uHKawG@cJh&+yD;aemuf ¶dk[if*smtay: EdkifiHwum'kuQonf pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;eJ@tnD jyrlaqmif &Gufay;zdk@ tdwfzGifhay;pmwpfapmif xdkif;tajcpdkuf a&$@ajymif;tvkyform;eJ@ vl@tcGifhta&;tzJG@awG pkaygif;+yD; wevFmae@rSm ay;ydk@awmhrSmyg? -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

16 Zefe0g&D 2009

npfnrf;oDcsif;rsm; ysH@ESH@ae - qkdif&mu ta&;r,lao; &efukeftygt0if jrefrmEdkifiH+rdK@tawmfrsm;rsm;rSm npfnpfnrf;nrf;oDqdkxm;wJh [pfa[mhoDcsif;"mwfjym;awG xGufaeygw,f? b,foloDqdkovJqdkwmrod&wJh tJ'DoDcsif;awGrSm vdifydkif;qdkif&mnpfnrf;pmom;awG yg0ifae +yD; ckd;ul;aps;uGufrSm tvG,fwul&aewmygv@dk &efukefu vli,f[pfa[mhy&dowf owfwOD;u ajymygw,f?

“tJh'DoDcsif;acGawGu ae&mtESH@rSm&Sdw,fAs/ txl;ojzifhawmh vrf;ab; aumfyDqdkifawGrSmydk&w,f/ tukefvHk;eD; yg;avmuf&ygw,f? trfyDo&D;wkd@/ trfyDzdk;wdk@/ aemuf+yD; zkef;awG bmawGxJrSmxnfhay;w,f? usaemfhtaeeJ@ 'D oDcsif;udk em;axmif&wm&Sufw,fAs? usaemfwdk@ Arm,Ofaus;r_rSm tJh'grsKd;ur&Sdbl;av? 'DvdkrsKd; rdkuf±dkif; ±dkif;pdkif; wJh tðytrlrsKd;udk 'DvdkrsKd;vkyfvdkufwm[m/ udk,hfvlrsKd;udkukd,f apmfum;ovdkjzpfw,f/ udk,fhoduQmukd,fvnf; udk,fcsw,f/ aemuf+yD;awmh udk,fxifwmazmfjywJhyHkpHrsKd;jzpfw,fvdk@ usaemfuawmh,lqw,f/ usaemfuawmh 'DoDcsif;udk em;raxmif&Jbl;As/ t&rf;&Sufp&maumif;w,f?” 'DoDcsif;awGudk em;axmif=unhfwJhtcg pwl'D,kdaumif;aumif;rSm aoaojcmjcm wD;cwftoHoGif;xm;ykHrsKd; toH t&nftaoG;aumif;wm awG@&w,fvdk@vnf;ajymygw,f? 'DvdkoDcsif;rsKd;awG urBmrSmvnf;&Sdae+yD; tck ysH@ae “tmZmenfyk*[email protected];udk qHk;cef;wdkif qufvufIaqmif&ëufrnf rnf?” 4 (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;)

“wdkif;jynfeJ@vlxktusdK; a&S;±_+yD; jywfjywfom;om; aqmif&Guf=u?” u?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;) ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

w,fqkdwJh oDcsif;awGudk =unhf&wmawmh emrnfausmf 0g&ifh*Dworm;awG&J@vuf&mr[kwfbl;vkd@ aw;a&;q&m/ tqkdawmf aqmif;OD;vd_ifu oHk;oyfygw,f? “Underground ac:&rSmayghAsm

EdkifiHwumrSmvnf; UndergroundyJac:w,fav? vufodyfxdk;+yD; wa,mufeJ@ wa,muful;=u/ trfyDo&D;eJ@ul;=ubmnmqdkawmh b,fol awGvnf;vdk@awmh usaemfw@kd ajymzd@k cufygw,f? “emrnfausmf orBm&ifhawGxJuawmh r[kwfbl;cifAs? olwdk@i,f&G,fvGef;awmh 'DvdkoDcsif;awG/ 'DvdkuwmawG/ [efyefawGu tqifajyayr,fh olwdk@ &ifhusufwJhtEkynm&SifjzpfvmwJhwae@rSm aemiftem*wf wae@rSmawmh &Sufp&mordkif;a=umif;awGtjzpfusefcJhrSmaygh?” [pfa[mh*DwrSm EdkifiHa&;/ vlr_a&;eJ@ywfoufv@kd yJjzpfjzpf/ tpdk;&udkqef@usifhwmyJjzpfjzpf ajratmufv_yf&Sm;r_tae eJ@ trsKd;rsKd;vkyfvdk@&w,fqdkayr,fh vdifr_udpPeJ@ yk*~dKvfa&;qdkif&m cHpm;csufawGudk OD;pm;ay;+yD; ajratmufv_yf&Sm; r_wckvdk oDqdkaewmrsKd;uawmh [pfa[mh,Ofaus;r_ukdygxdcdkufapw,fvdk@ [pfa[mhtqdkawmfwOD;uqdkygw,f? ‘jrefrmEdkifiH*Dwtpnf;t¶Hk;’OuUÏ OD;armifarmifvwfu 'Dnpfnrf;aw;oDcsif;awGeJ@ywfoufvkd@ ar;jref;&mrSm ta&;,lzdk‹ jyifqifae+yDvdk‹ ajymygw,f?

“'Dcdk;ul;npfnrf;acGwifr[kwfygbl; w&m;r0ifckd;ul;acGrSefor# 'DOpPmawGudk oufqdkif&m0ef}uD;XmeawGeJ@ usaemf wdk@ wifjy+yD;aqmuf&Gufaeygw,f? usaemfwkd@tydkif;u vrf;!ïefr_eJ@tnD wwfEdkifoavmuf aqmif&Gufae+yDjzpf ygw,f?” 'Dnpfnrf;acGawG[m tvsiftjrefysHESH@ae+yD; q,fausmfoufawGomru pum;ajymwwfp uav; awGawmif 'Dnpfnrf;acGtxJuoDcsif;awG tvGwfvdkufqdkae=u+yDjzpfvdk@ rdbawG pdwfqif;&Jae=u&wma=umifh tm%mydkifawGu xdxda&mufa&mufudkifwG,foifhw,fvdk‹ &efukef+rdK@u rdbwOD;u ajymygw,f? -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

aejynfawmfteD; vkd%facgif;wl;&mY '%frcHEdkifolrsm; xGufajy; aejynfawmfeJ@&Srf;jynfe,f yifavmif; +rdK@=um;rSm Orifvdk%facgif;wl;ae+yD; tJ'DrSmtvkyform;awGudk vctjynfh ray;wJhtjyif zdESdyfckdif;apr_awGa=umifh xGufajy;olawG&Sdw,fvdk@ ukd,fawG@}uHKcJhwJh tvkyform;awGu ajymyg w,f? aejynfawmfrSm tvkyfvkyf&r,fqdk+yD; ‘trSwf 3 aqmufvkyfa&;wyf’ vufatmufcH uefx±dkufawGu e,fawGrSm vlqif;ac:+yD; yifavmif;bufukd ac:oGm;wmvd@k 3 vavmuf ukd,fawG@}uHKcJhwJh tvkyform;wOD;u ajymyg w,f? vufeufpuf¶kHwnfzdk@ vkyfaewmvd@k =um;od&wJh tJ'D &Srf;±dk;ra'orSm ppfwyfu vkH+cKHa&; wif;wif;usyfusyfcs xm;w,fvkd@ tJ'Dtvkyform;u ajymygw,f?

“vdk%facgif;u awmfawmfawmh}uD;w,f taygufv; aygufaygh tJh'gu rdef;ayguf}uD;aygh txJxJrSmvnf; 0uFygvdkyJ trsm;}uD;yJ vrf;awGu txJxJrSmawmh um;yguifawGa&m awmfawmfus,fw,f/ awmfawmf &Snfw,f?”

vl 50 avmufygwJh tvkyform;tzG@J 5 zGJ@avmuf&Sd+yD; “tmZmenfyk*[email protected];udk qHk;cef;wdkif qufvufIaqmif&ëufrnf rnf?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;)

5

“wdkif;jynfeJ@vlxktusdK; a&S;±_+yD; jywfjywfom;om; aqmif&Guf=u?” u?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;) ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

udk&D;,m;vlrsKd;awGukd av;ig;&ufwcgawG@&w,fvkd@ tJ'D tvkyform;u ajymygw,f? “trsm;pkuawmh vufeufpuf±Hkvdk@ajymw,f/ ajrmufudk;&D;,m; ynm&SifawG ac: ac:+yD;awmh tJ'DrSmyl;aygif;+yD;awmhvkyfaewmaygh/ olwdk@ vHkòcHa&;awmfawmf,lxm;w,f/ ysOf;rem;bufuaewuf &ifawmh ppfwyf*dwf 5 *dwfavmuf&dSw,f? [dkbufawGrSmusawmhvnf; awmifawGwdkif;rSm ppfwyfcsxm;w,f? awmifxdyftukefvHk;rSm av,mOfypftajrmufawGwifxm;w,f/ &Srf;jynfe,ftxGufrSmvnf; *dwfawGtxyf xyfaygh?” vpm usyfoHk;aomif;ay;r,fvkd@ajymcJhwJh uefx±kdufu tvkyform;awG&J@ EkdifiHom;rSwfyHkwifuwfawGukd odrf; xm;+yD; vkyftm;crSefrSefray;wm vGefcJhwJhEdk0ifbmvpmukd ckxdr&ao;bl;vkd@ ajymygw,f? vpmykdufqHray;bJ zGifhxm;wJhqdkifrSm pm&if;zGifh+yD; xrif;pm;apw,fvkd@ qkdygw,f? “ydkufqHay;xm;&if olwdk@ cdk;cdk;+yD;jyefrSmpdk;vd@k ? 'g

awmif ckd;+yD;jyefoGm;wJh tzGJ@awGtrsm;}uD;yJ/ 'Dtvkyf'%fudkvnf; rcHEdkifwm&,f/ olwdk@[dkrSm tvkyform;awG aeraumif;&ifvnf; tvkyfudkqif;ae&wmaygh? nbuf tdkwDuvnf; rqif;csifvnf;r&bl;/ twif;qif;cdkif; w,f?”

ppfwyfaq;cef;uvnf; trnfcHom&Sd+yD; vkyfief;cGiftEW&m,f umuG,fa&; tpDtpOfvnf;r&Sdbl;vk@d ajymygw,f?

“vdk%f*lwl;ae&if; ajr}uD;awGòydwmawG ausmufcJawGusvmw,f? OD;xkyfvnf; ray;bl;/ vkd%f*lxJrSm a&awG bmawG&Sdw,f/ pD;zdk@zdeyfvnf; ray;bl;/ 'DxJrSm '%f&m&wmawG awmfawmfrsm;w,f/ ausmufwkH;ðywfuswm/ [dkxJrSm ,rf;aiG@awGbmawGeJ@ ESmacgif;pnf;awGbmawG r&awmh/ a&m*gjzpfwhJolawGvnf; awmfawmfrsm;ae w,f?”

rkdif;qif&if; v#yfppf"mwf}udK;a&Smhjzpf+yD; vkd%fxJuae jyefrxGufEkdifcif aygufuJGvdk@ tvkyform; 2 OD;aoqHk;zl;wJh owif;udkvnf; tvkyfcGifrSm =um;od&a=umif; ajymygw,f? “tvkyform;awGu awmfawmfav;udka=umufae

+yD? 'DOpPm tcef@roifh jyefòydusvdk@ tJ'gvnf; r&bl;cifAs/ òyduswhJae&mudk twif;0ifvkyfay;&w,f?”

'Dvdktajctaea=umifh tyfxm;wJh rSwfyHkwifudktqHk;cH+yD; t0wfwxnfukd,fwckeJ@ xGufajy;olawG&Sdw,fvkd@ ajymygw,f? -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

15 Zefe0g&D 2009

ppftpkd;&pDrHonhf a&G;aumufyGJudk pdk;&drfonf[k pydeftrwf ajym=um; ukvor*~u jrefrmvlxkudk ‘vspfvsL¶_’[k bm;rm;urfydef; 'g¶kdufwm jypfwifa0zef jrefrmppftpdk;& OD;pD;wJh 2010 a&G;aumufyGJtwGuf pkd;&drfylyefw,fvkd‹ pydefEkdifiH v$wfawmfudk,f pm;vS,f Dr. ¶kdrDAm tD ¶l'g)u ajym=um;ygw,f?

Raul Romeva i Rueda (a'gufwm&mtl;

‘vGwfvyfaom Oa&myv$wfawmfudk,fpm;vS,frsm;r[mrdwftzG@J ’ tzGJ‹0ifvnf;jzpfwJh a'gufwm&mtl;[m ‘bm;rm;urfydef;-,lau’ u’tzGJ‹ 'g&dkufwm Mark Farmaner(rmhcf zrfrefem)eJ‹twl jrefrmh'Drdkua&pDtiftm;pk awG/ wdkif;&if;om;tiftm;pkawGeJ‹ xdkif;-jrefrme,fpyfrSm rae‹uawG‹qkH+yD;wJhaemuf 'DADGbDuar;jref;pOf 'Dvdk ajym=um;wmyg? “tmZmenfyk*[email protected];udk qHk;cef;wdkif qufvufIaqmif&ëufrnf rnf?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;)

6

“wdkif;jynfeJ@vlxktusdK; a&S;±_+yD; jywfjywfom;om; aqmif&Guf=u?” u?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;) ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

ppftpdk;&[m 2010 a&G;aumufyGJudk 'Drkdua&pDenf;rSefvrf;rSeftwdkif;vkyfrSmr[kwfbl;vdk@ =um;odxm;wm a=umifh pdk;&drfwmvkd@ a'gufwm&mtl;u ajymygw,f? “wu,fh ppfrSefwJha&G;aumufyGJawG vdkcsifw,fqdk&if 'Da&G;

aumufyGJrSm vlwdkif;udk wef;wltcGifhta&;awGe@J a&G;cs,fwifajr‡mufzdk@/ rJay;zdk@ yg0ifcGifhjyKzdk@vdkw,f?”

vlwdkif;twGuf vGwfvyf+yD; vrf;zGifhxm;wJh a&G;aumufyJG jzpfay:wJhumvwkdifatmif 'Drdkua&pDa&;awmif;qdkol awGudk axmufcHoGm;r,fvdk@vnf; a'gufwm&mtl;u ajymygw,f? “yGifhvif;wJh 'Drdkua&pDEdkifiH jzpfvmatmif

ppftpdk;&&J@ oabmxm;ajymif;vJypfzdk@ usaemfwdk@&J@tpdk;&awGudk awmif;qdkaerSmyg?”

pydeftrwfeJ‹ bm;rm;urfydef;,lau 'g±dkufwmwkd@[m jynfaxmifpkjrefrmEdkifiHtrsKd;om;aumifpD/ trsKd;om; 'Drdk ua&pDtzGJ‹csKyf(vGwfajrmufe,fajr)/ u&iftrsKd;om;tpnf;t±kH; pwJhtzGJ‹awGeJ‹vnf; oD;jcm;pD vdkufvHawG‹qHk ygw,f? bm;rm;urfydef;,lau 'g&dkufwmrpPwmrmh rmhcf zrfrefemuawmh jrefrmppftpkd;&tay: ukvor*~uta&; m ,laqmif&Gufr_ aysmhnHhvGef;w,fvkd@ jypfwifa0zefygw,f? “ESpf 20 umvudk =unhfvdkuf&if cdkifckdifrmrm &yfwnf

ta&;qdk&r,hftpm; AdkvfcsKyf}uD;awG pdwftaESmifht,SufjzpfrSmudk tpkd;&drfvGefaeyHkygyJ? tckawmh txl;ukd,fpm; vS,fawGvnf; oGm;zkd@tpDtpOfr&Sd/ twGif;a&;rSL;csKyfuvnf; oGm;zdk@tpDtpOfr&Sdqkdawmh ukvor*~ uawmh ‘vufav#mhyg+yD/ apmifhyJ=unhfawmhr,f/ vkyf&udkif&odyfcufw,f/ }udK;pm;raeawmhbl;’ qkdwmrsKd; ajymr,fhyHkyJ?” ukvor*~ twGif;a&;rSL;csKyf rpPwbefuDrGef;udk,fwkdif jrefrmjynfudkoGm;a&muf+yD; wkd;wufajymif;vJa&;twGuf ukd,fwkdifukd,f=uyf aqmif&Gufapcsifw,fvdk@vnf; rpPwm zrfrefemu ajymygw,f? “tckawmh olu ‘ppftpdk;&

bufu tajymif;tvJwcsKd@ rvkyfrcsif; jrefrmjynfudk roGm;ao;bl;/ ppftpkd;&ukdk,fE_dufu jyKjyifajymif;vJvdkwJh qENr&Sdbl;’vdk@ ajymaew,fav? befuDrGef;vdkvlrsKd; jrefrmjynfukdoGm;a&muf+yD; tajymif;tvJjzpfatmif aqmif &GufrSyJ tajymif;tvJu jzpfay:rSmyg?'ga=umifhr@kd vkd@ wckckjzpfvmrSmudk e,l;a,mufrSmyJ xkdif+yD;apmifh aewmu awmh jrefrmjynfolawGudk vspfvsL±_wmygyJ? 'g[m &Sufp&maumif;wJh tjzpfqkd;yJ?” “urBmhjynfolawGu jrefrmjynfta&;udk tav;xm;±Hkwifruygbl;/ trsufxGufae=uyg+yD? urBmhEkdifiHtawmf rsm;rsm;u odyfudkpdwfysufae=u+yDqkdwm usaemfwkd@odygw,f? “ausmrSDxkdif+yD; apmifh=unfhae¶HkeJ@awmh rvHk avmufao;bl;vkd@ usaemfxifygw,f? jrefrmjynfolawG[m tvGeftrif; cHpm;ae&yg+yD/tcsdefodyfvifhvGef;aeyg +yD? befuDrGef;udk,fwkdif tajctaeaumif; zefwD;aqmif&Gufzkd@ olwkd@ wu,fvkdvm;aeygw,f?” ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

   

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7

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11

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12

“wdkif;jynfeJ@vlxktusdK; a&S;±_+yD; jywfjywfom;om; aqmif&Guf=u?” u?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;) ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

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“¶dk;om;pGm vGJrSm;w,fvkd@ ,lqovm;qkdawmh ,lqzk@d uawmh cyfcufcufyJAs? usaemfu owif;pmuvmwJh EkdifiHa&;orm;qkdawmh rD'D,mawGeJ@tjiif;yGm;csifwmr&Sdbl;? EkdfifiHa&;tzG@J tpnf;rSm wm0ef&dSolwa,muftaeeJ@ ajym&&ifvnf; rD'D,meJ@ tjiif;ryGm;csifbl;?tckvkdvkyf&wmu awmfawmfukd qkd;qkd;&Gm;&Gm;rSm;aevkd@yg? usaemf ajymcJhwmu teft,fvf'DtaeeJ@ zGJ@pnf;ykHtajccHOya'tay:rSm wif;rmwJhcsOf;uyfyHkeJ@ aysmhaysmif;wJhcsOf;uyfykH ESpfrsKd;eJ@ csOf;uyfcJhw,fqkdwmukd teft,fvf'D&JŒxkwfjyefcsufESpfckudk Oyrmay;+yD;ajymcJhwmyg? tJ'gudk olw@dk u tajccHOya'ae&mrSm a&G;aumufyGJqkdwmukd xnfhoGif;a&;oGm;w,f? tJ'gtjyif aemufxyfrSm;jyefwmu tef t,fvf'DtwGif;rSm a&G;aumufyGJ0ifvkdoleJ@ r0ifvdkolESpfykdif;&Sdw,fqkd+yD; ygwDwGif;rSmtuGJt+yJawG jzpfae+yDqkdwJh oabm/ ygwDESpfjcrf;uGJawmhr,fqkdwJhoabm t"dy`m,ftxdoufa&mufvmvkd@wkdif=um;cJhwm? tJawmh ¶kd;om; pGmrSm;wm [kwfr[kwfuawmh um,uH&Sifrsm;ukd,fwkdfifomodrSmayghAsm? usaemfhtaeeJ@uawmh rSm;wmukdrSm; w,fvkd@ 0efcH&ifawmf+yDayghAsm? odk@aomf EkdifiHa&;taeeJ@uawmh jynfyrSma&mufaewJh 'Drkdua&pDtiftm;pkrsm; taeeJ@ 'g[mwrifvkyf}uHr_/ wrifrSm;,Gif;r_v@kd ,lq&ifvdk@ qufvufaqmif&Guf=ur,fqkd&if usaemfoabmwl “tmZmenfyk*[email protected];udk qHk;cef;wdkif qufvufIaqmif&ëufrnf rnf?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;)

13

“wdkif;jynfeJ@vlxktusdK; a&S;±_+yD; jywfjywfom;om; aqmif&Guf=u?” u?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;) ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

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q&m0ef (8)OD (8)OD; w+ydKifwnf; tvkyfjzKwfcH& rw&m;txkwfcH&[k q&m0efrsm;u,l sm;u,lq rauG;aq;wuUokdvfrS vufaxmufuxduwOD;ESifh rEœav;aq;wuUokdvfrS o¶kyfjyq&mq&m0ef (7)OD;wkd@tm; wm0efrSpGef@cGmjcif;/ 0efxrf;pnf;rsOf;azmufzsufjcif;qkdonfhpGyfpGJcsufrsm;jzifh 0efxrf;tjzpfrSxkwfy,fvkdufa=umif; usef;rma&;0ef}uD;Xmeu trdef@xkwfjyefxm;onf? acwf+ydKifrSzwf¶_cGifh&onfh tqkdygtrdef@ukd 2008 ckESpf/ Ekd0ifbm (26)&uf ae@pGJjzifhxkwfjyefcJhjcif;jzpf+yD; usef;rm a&;0ef}uD;ukd,fpm; aq;ody`HynmOD;pD;Xme 'k-!$ef=um;a&;rª;csKyf a'gufwmoef;aZmfjrifhu vufrSwfxkd;xkwfjyef cJhjcif;jzpfonf? tvkyfjzKwfcH&onfh q&m0efrsm;rSm a'gufwmat;at;xGef;(vufaxmufuxdu-rauG;)ESifh rEœav;aq;wuU okdvfwGif o¶kyfjy&mxl;jzifhwm0efxrf;aqmifcJh=uaom a'gufwmausmfZifoef@/ a'gufwmaomfaomf/ a'gufwm jrrGefatmif/ a'gufwm{u&Dodef;vif;/ a'gufwmouf0if;/ a'gufwm+idrf;csrf;OD;/ a'gufwmat;ckdifZmvwfwkd@jzpf a=umif; usef;rma&;0ef}uD;Xmetrfdef@pmwGif azmfjyxm;+yD; tqkdygtrdef@pmukd etzaumifpDOuU϶kH;/ p&z/owif; wyfzGJŒ/ r_cif;wyfzGJŒwkd@tygt0if Xmeaygif; (22) Xmeokd@ jzef@a0xm;a=umif;od&onf? tvkyfxkwfcH&+yD; jynfyEkdifiHwckodk@a&muf&Sdvmonfh q&m0efwOD;ukd acwf+ydKifuar;&m tvkyfxkwfcH&onfh q&m0efrsm;ukd ‘qr’vkdifpifygodrf;vkdufa=umif; ajymjyonf? “tvkyfuaexGufcJh=uw,fqdkwmu yGifhyGifh vif;

vif;ajym&&if &wJhvpmeJ@ravmufvkd@yg? usaemfwdk@ usLwmb0 qkdawmh &wmu&Spfaomif;cGJaygh? tJ'DaiGeJ@u b,fvkdrS tqifrajybl;av? qD0,fxnfh&ifawmif wvpm'DZ,fzkd;r&bl;av? usaemfwkd@vkd ausmif;rSmpmoif “tmZmenfyk*[email protected];udk qHk;cef;wdkif qufvufIaqmif&ëufrnf rnf?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;)

14

“wdkif;jynfeJ@vlxktusdK; a&S;±_+yD; jywfjywfom;om; aqmif&Guf=u?” u?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;) ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

=um;aewJh vlawGtzkd@u tjyif0ifaiGqkdwmvnf;&Sdwmr[kwfbl;av? oif=um;a&;ukd 0goemygvdk@ oif=um;a&; ykdif;ukd 0ifcJh=uwmyg? aemuf wcsKdŒuvnf; +rdKŒay:rSmaevkd@&+ydD; tjyiftvkyfuav;aawG vkyfv@dk &aewmvnf; wykdfif;ayghav? aemuf0efxrf;awGukd vpmwkd;+yD;aemufykdif; tvkyf&Sdonfjzpfap/ r&Sdonfjzpfap reuf(9) em&Du ae nae(4) em&Dtxd &Sd&r,fwkd@jzpfvmawmh t&ifuwnf;uvkyfcsifpdwfr&SdawmhwJhtxJ ykd+yD;wGef;tm;ay; vkdufovkdjzpf+yD; tvkyfuaexGufcJh=uwmaygh” [k ‚if;uqkdonf? tqkdygtrfdef@pmESifhpyfvsOf;I aejynfawmf&Sda'gufwm oef;aZmfjrifhokd@qufoG,far;jref;&m ‚if;vufrSwfxkd;aom pm[kwfr[kwf twnfjyKay;Ekdifjcif;r&SdbJ tjcm;zkef;eHygwf wckokd@ qufoG,f&efomjyef=um;cJhonf? ,if;zkef;&Sd trsKd; orD;0efxrf;wOD;uvnf; twnfjyKajymqkdEdkifaom yk*~Kdvf r&Sdyga=umif; jyef=um;+yD; zkef;csoGm;cJhonf?txkwfcH&onfh q&m0efwOD;url w&m;0ifxGufpmwifcGihfr&onfhtwGuf ta=umif;r=um;bJ xGufcJh&jcif;jzpfonf[k acwf+ydKifod@k ajymonf?

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“usaemfodapcsifwmu tvkyfr0ifao;wJh ausmif;+yD;pausmif;om;awGrvkyfcif pOf;pm;=uzkd@aygh? usaemfwdk@qkd &if ‘qr’vkdfifpif todrf;cH&w,f? aemuf jynfyxGufcGifhr&atmif usaemfwkd@pm&if;awGudk ywfpfykd@¶kH;udk ay;xm; w,f? usaemfwkd@qkd ukd;wef;atmifeJ@xGufcJh&wm? xGufoGm;+yD;wJholawG jyefvm&ifvnf; avqdyfrSmwif ywfpfykd@ odrf;w,f? tvkyfvkyfukdifcGifhrjyKbl;? aemuf+yD; usaemfodoavmufqkd&if p&zawG p&z bmawGtxd ykd@xm;wmaygh av? wu,fqdk&if 'gawGu EkdifiHa&;vkyfaewmr[kwfbl;av? usaemfwkd@ jynfyrSmausmif;wufcsifw,f/ bGJ@xyf ,lcsifw,fqkdvnf; axmufcHcsufray;bl;? axmufcHcsuf ray;¶kHwifrubl;? 'Dbufausmif;u vSrf;ar;&ifawmif rS 'Dq&m0efukdrodbl;? r[kwfbl;qkd+yD; jiif;wmrsKd;txdawmifvkyfw,fAsm? tJvkdvkyfwJhtcgusawmh usaemfwkd@ “tmZmenfyk*[email protected];udk qHk;cef;wdkif qufvufIaqmif&ëufrnf rnf?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;)

15

“wdkif;jynfeJ@vlxktusdK; a&S;±_+yD; jywfjywfom;om; aqmif&Guf=u?” u?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;) ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

u aq;bufqkdif&m usifh0wfcsKd;azmufr_awG vkyfchJv@dk vm;qkd+yD; txifcH&wmawG&Sdw,f? olrsm;EkdifiHu q&m0ef awG xGufajy;w,fqkdwmu 'grsKd;awGa=umifhqkdayr,fh jrefrmEkdfifiHuq&m0efawG xGufukef=uwmu tvkyfvkyf vkd@r&vkd@yg? wu,fqkd usaemfwkd@vnf; ukd,fhEkdifiHtwGufvkyfchJ=uwmygyJ? usaemfqkd&if vpmckESpfaxmifhig;&m up+yD; vkyfcJhwmayghaemf? 'gayr,fholwkd@tvkyf qufrvkyfwJhtcgusawmh wu,fh&efol}uD;vkd tqufqHcH=u& wmyg” [k txufygyk*~Kdvfu qkdonf? ,if;uJhokd@ q&m0efrsm;tvkyfrSxGufcGmr_rSm aq;ody`HynmOD;pD;XmetwGif;trsm;qkH;jzpfyGm;ae+yD; usef;rma&; OD;pD;XmerS q&m0efrsm;vnf; 2008 ckESpftwGif; tvkyfxGufcGmr_rsm;&SdcJha=umif;od&onf? +yD;cJhonfh 2008 ckESpf =o*kwfvtwGif; ody`HESifhenf;ynm0ef}uD;Xmeu tvkyfrSxGufcGmoGm;aom yg&*lbGJ@& q&m/ q&mr (23)OD;tm; ‚if;wkd@ykdif0ufbfqkdufrSxkwfjyefum avsmfa=u;aiGawmif;cHcJha=umif; acwf+ydKifuazmfjycJhonf? avsmfa=u;aiG awmif;cHr_wGif oufqkdif&mbGJ@rsm;tvkduf jrefrmaiG (5)odef;rS (34)odef;txd yg0ifonf? -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

16 Zefe0g&D 2009

rufpfjrefrm ‘OD;aZmfaZmf’ESifh '*kH ‘OD;0if;atmif’ukd tar&dueftpdk;&u pD;yGm;a&;'%fcwf jrefrmppftpdk;&tm; aiGa=u;yHhydk;ay;aeonfh jrefrmpD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;&SifESpfOD;jzpfonfh ‘Max Myanmar ukr`%D tkyfpk’ykdif&Sif OD;aZmfaZmf '*kHtifwmae&Sife,f ukr`%Dtkyfpk’ykdif&Sif OD;0if;atmifwkd@tm; pD;yGm;a&;'%fcwf ZmESifh ‘'*k xm;olrsm;pm&if; (Specially Designated Nationals)wGif xnfhoGif;a=umif; tar&duefb¾ma&;0ef}uD;Xme ‘EkdifiHjcm;ykdifqkdifr_ xdef;csKyfa&;¶kH;tzGJŒ’Y a=unmvkdufonf? rufpfjrefrm OD;aZmfaZmfonf jrefrmppftpdk;&tm; aqmufvkyfa&;vkyfief; rsm;jzifh t"duyHhykd;ay;cJholjzpf+yD; '*kH OD;0if;atmifonf ppftpdk;&tm; aiG a=u;tajrmuftjrm;vª'gef;cJhonfhjyif aqmufvkyfa&;vkyfief;rsm;jzifh ppf tpdk;&tm; ulnDcJholjzpfonf[kvnf; a=unmcsufY azmfjyxm;onf? rufpfjrefrm OD;aZmfaZmf

rufpfjrefrm OD;aZmfaZmfESifh '*kH OD;0if;atmifwkd@tm; pD;yGm;a&;'%fcwf&mY rufpfjrefrm OD;aZmfaZmfykdif ‘Max Singapore International Pte. Ltd’ tygt0if ukr`%D(8)ckESifh '*kH OD;0if;atmifykdif ‘Dagon International Limited ESifh Dagon Timber Limited’ ukr`%D (2) ckwdk@yg0ifonf?

“jrefrmppftpdk;&taeeJ@ 'Drdkua&pDa&; twkduftcHrsm;tay: qufvufzdESdyfaeorSs 'Dppftpdk;&tay: jyif;xefwJh '%fcwfr_awG csrSwfzdk@vkdw,fqkdwm tar&dueftpdk;&eJ@ uGef*&ufu &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif;odxm;+yD;jzpfygw,f? xif &Sm;wJh 'Drdkua&pDa&;axmufcHolawGukd ppftpdk;&uaxmifcswm[m EkdifiHwumtokdif;t0ef;&JŒ tav;xm;ajym qdkcsufawG rvkdufemcsifbl;qkdwmtwnfjyKvkdufovkd urBmay:&Sd tqkd;qkH; vl@tcGifhta&;csdK;azmufwhJ EkdifiHawG “tmZmenfyk*[email protected];udk qHk;cef;wdkif qufvufIaqmif&ëufrnf rnf?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;)

16

“wdkif;jynfeJ@vlxktusdK; a&S;±_+yD; jywfjywfom;om; aqmif&Guf=u?” u?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;) ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

xJu wckjzpfwJh jrefrmppftpdk;&tay: quf+yD;zdtm;ay;xm;zkd@vkdw,fqkdwm jyo&mvnf; a&mufygw,f” [k

EkdifiHjcm;ykdifqkdifr_ xdef;csKyfa&;¶kH; !$ef=um;a&;rª; Adam J. Szubin u ajymonf?

rufpfjrefrm OD;aZmfaZmfESifh '*kH OD;0if;atmifwkd@tm; pD;yGm;a&;'%fcwfxm;olrsm; pm&if;oGif;&jcif;onf 2008 ckESpfujyÏmef;cJhonfh (uG,fvGefol)tar&duef txufv$wfawmftrwf wGefvrf;awmhpf. jrefrmausmufrsuf Oya't& ta&;,laqmif&GufcJhjcif;jzpfonf[k tar&duef b¾ma&;0ef}uD;Xmea=unmcsufY azmfjyxm;onf? pD;yGm;a&;'%fcwfxm;olrsm;pm&if;wGif ppftpdk;&ESihfeD;pyfonfh vkyfief;&Sif OD;awZyk awZ dif ‘ ESPACE AVENIR bdef;bk&ifavmf avmfppf[ef.acsG;r pifumylEkdifiHol qpf qvDtef;ykdif pifumylEkdfifiHrSukr`%D (10)ckukdvnf; pD;yGm;a&;'%fcwfxm;olrsm; pm&if;oGif;xm;onf?

EXECUTIVE SERVICED APARTMENT ’ukr`%DESifh

pD;yGm;a&;'%fcwfxm;olrsm; (Specially Designated Nationals)qkdonfrSm tar&duefEkdifiHom;rsm;ESifh tar &duefEkdifiHwGif t+rJwrf;aecGihf&olrsm;ESifh pD;yGm;a&;rvkyf&ef emrnfysufpm&if;oGif; wm;jrpfjcif;cH&onfh vlyk*d~Kvf rsm;/ tzGJŒtpnf;rsm;ukd qkdvkdjcif;jzpfonf[k tar&dueftpdk;&ut"dy`m,fzGifhxm;onf? -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

tar&duef'%fcwfr_ukd ra0zefvkd[k rufpfjrefrmukr`%Dykdif&Sifajym rdrdvlrsdK;aumif;atmifvkyfukdifaejcif;jzpfonfhtwGuf ruffpfjrefrmukr`%Dtm; tar&duefb¾ma&;0ef}uD;Xme u pD;yGm;a&;'%fcwfonfhudpPtay: a0zefr_rvkyfvkda=umif; rufpfjrefrmukr`%Dydkif&Sif OD;aZmfaZmfu acwf+ydKifodk@ ajymonf? jrefrmppftpdk;&tm; aqmufvkyfa&;vkyfief;rsm;jzifh yHhydk;ay;cJhonfh rufpfjrefrmukr`%Dykdif&Sif OD;aZmfaZmfESifhwuG ‚if;ykdif rufpfjrefrmukr`%D(8)cktm; pD;yGm;a&;'%fcwfxm;olrsm;pm&if;(Specially Designated Nationals)wGif xnfhoGif;a=umif; tar&duef b¾ma&;0ef}uD;Xme EkdifiHjcm;ykdifqdkifr_ xdef;csKyfa&;¶kH;tzGJŒwGif a=unmxm;onf? ,ckuJhokd@ ‘tar&dueftpkd;&. pD;yGm;a&;'%fcwfr_tay: rnfuhJodk@ oabmxm;ygoenf;’[k acwf+ydKifu ar; jref;&m rufpfjrefrmukr`%DrS OD;aZmfaZmfu“oabmuawmh bmrSr&Sdygbl;? usaemf ukd,hfwdkif;jynfudk cspfwmyJ?

ukd,hfvlr_a&;udpPukdyJvkyfw,f? ormtmZD0vkyfw,f? ukd,fhvlrsKd;awG aumif;atmif}udK;pm;w,f? olrsm;eJ@ ywf oufvkd@awmh bmrSrajymvkdygbl;? olwkd@vnf; olwkd@tvkyfvkyfwmyJ? usaemfh&ifxJuawmh usaemfwkd@wkdif;jynf twGuf usaemf abmvkH;(OuUÏ)vkyfw,f? vlr_a&;vkyfw,f? uav;awG pmoifay;w,f?0efxrf;okH;axmif ausmf ae@pOfxrif;pm;zkd@usaemf}udK;pm;aew,f? ukd,fhvlrsdK;ukd cspfw,fAsm? 'DcH,lcsufyJ&dSw,f? usefwmu olwkd@ bmvkyfvkyf usaemfrajymvkdygbl;? 'geJ@ywfoufvdk@ usaemfh pdwfxJrSmbmrSr&dSygbl;” [k ajymonf? '%fcwfr_rsm;a=umifh ukr`%Dtaejzifh rnfuJhokd@aomxdckdufr_rsm;&Sdvmrnf[k arSSsmfrSef;xm;ygovJ[k qufvuf ar;jref;&m “'guawmh usaemfwkd@u trsm;}uD;}udK+yD; arSsmfrSef;xm;wmr&Sdygbl;? usaemfwkd@u vnf;²²[kd²²trsm; }uD;awmh²² bmrS}udK+yD;awmh wGufrxm;ygbl;cifAs” [k rufpfjrefrmukr`%D. t}uD;tuJ&mxl;ukd &,lxm;ol ‚if;u ukr`%D.a&SŒa&;tvm;tvmukd wGufqrxm;rda=umif; ajymonf? “tmZmenfyk*[email protected];udk qHk;cef;wdkif qufvufIaqmif&ëufrnf rnf?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;)

17

“wdkif;jynfeJ@vlxktusdK; a&S;±_+yD; jywfjywfom;om; aqmif&Guf=u?” u?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;) ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

rufpfjrefrm OFD;aZmfaZmfonf jrefrmppfacgif;aqmifydkif;tay: aiGa=u;t&Sdeft0g =oZm&Sdonfhta=umif; jynfwGif; owif;axmufwOD;uajym&mwGif “olppftpkd;&eJ@ ywfoufr_twkdif;twm b,favmufxd&Sdw,fqkdwm twd

tusrod&ayr,fh AkdvfcsKyf}uD;awGukd olvdk&mawmif;Ekdifw,f? xJxJ0if0if ywfoufr_&SdEkdifw,fqkdwmukdawmh 2007 ckESpftwGif; jrefrmtrsKd;orD;toif;AkdvfpGJwkef;u AkdvfcsKyfrª;}uD;oef;a&$qDtxd wkduf¶dkufzkef;quf+yD; ta=umif;=um;w,f? aemuf wjcm;wkdif;rª;awG/ 0ef}uD;awGqDudkvnf;zkef;quf+yD; aumifrav;awGukd qkcsygqkd +yD;ajymawmh tm;vkH;u olwkd@awmh b,favmufqkcsygr,fhqdk+yD; ol@qDukd csufcsif;ta=umif;jyef=u&wmuawmh usaemfwkd@ jrifawG@=um;odcJh&wmawGaygh” [k ajymjyonf? jrefrmEkdifiHtay: tar&duefu pD;yGm;a&;'%fcw&mwGif ykHpH trsdK;trsdK;&Sdonf? Oyrm tar &duefvkyfief;&Sifrsm;tm; jrefrm EkdifiHwGif&if;ESD;jrêKyfESHr_topf rvkyf&efwm;jrpfonfh'%fcwfr_ (Sanctions for new investment)/ ppftpdk;&ykdifvkyfief;rsm;

ukd ypfrSwfxm;onfh aiGa=u;qkdif &m'%fcwfr_(Financial Sanctions)/ 2008ckESpfrSm xyfrH jy Ïmef;onfh jrefrmausmufrsuf &wemrsm; tar&duefodk@wif oGif;cGifh ydwfyifonfh'%fcwfr_ (Block Burma Jade Act)/ jrefrmppftpkd;&tm; axmufyHh ay;aeonfh jrefrmpD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;&Sifrsm; (Oyrm bdef;bk&if avmf ppf[efESifhom; pwDAifavm/ ) vm OD;awZponf awZ tm; tar&duefEkdifiHom;rsm;/ tar&duefvkyfief;&Sifrsm;ESihf rqufqH&rnfholrsm;tjzpf emrnfysufpm&if;oGif; onfhenf; pojzifhtrsdK;rsdK;&Sdonf? 1997 ck arv (20) &ufrSpwifI tar&duefEdkifiHom;rsm;/ tar&duefvkyfief;&Sifrsm; jrefrmEkdifiHwGif &if;ESD;jrêKyfESH r_topf rvkyf&efwm;jrpfonf '%fcwfr_udkpwifonf? tar&duef orRwbk&Sfonf vuf&dS jrefrmEdkifiHukd pD;yGm; a&;ydwfqdk@r_rsm;tm; wdk;csJŒxm;onfh 2003ckESpf jrefrmEdkifiH vGwfvyfa&;ESifh'Drdkua&pDOya'udk 2003 ckESpf Zlvdkif v (28) &ufae@Y vufrSwf a&;xdk;cJhonf? jrefrmEdkifiH&Sd 'Drdkua&pDenf;usus a&G;aumufwifajrêmufxm;aom tpdk;&taejzifh tajctaet&yf&yftay: wGif aqmif&Gufr_rsm; jynfhpHkaeyg+yD[k arwWm&yfcHvmcJhvSsif xdkydwfqdk@r_ Oya'jyÏmef;csufrsm;udk tar&dueforRw taejzifh ¶kyfodrf;Edkifonf? aqmif&Gufr_rsm;xJwGif vl@tcGifhta&;csdK;azmufr_rsm;tqHk;owfapa&;twGuf etzu jynfhjynfhpkHpkH vHkvkH avmufavmuf aqmif&Gufjcif;/ EkdifiHa&;tusOf;om;rsm;v$wfay;+yD; 'Drdkua&pDtpdk;&jzpfatmif aqmif&Gufjcif;/ t&yfom;tpkd;&tm; tm%mv$Jajymif;ay;&eftwGuf 'Drdkua&pDtiftm;pkrsm;ESifh oabmwlnDr_w&yf&,ljcif;/ “tmZmenfyk*[email protected];udk qHk;cef;wdkif qufvufIaqmif&ëufrnf rnf?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;)

18

“wdkif;jynfeJ@vlxktusdK; a&S;±_+yD; jywfjywfom;om; aqmif&Guf=u?” u?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;) ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

EdkifiHwumrl;,pfaq;0g;wefjyefESdrfeif;r_ oabmwlnDcsufygtcsufrsm;udk vkdufem&efysufuGufcJhonfh EdkifiHpm&if; rS y,fzsufjcif; ponfwdk@yg0ifonf? -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

19 Zefe0g&D 2009

‘a*smuf*suf’0efcHuwdxkd;& qifqmrJhacGESifh rywfouf[k ajym Weekly Eleven *sme,fu a&;om;onfhowif;a=umifh

[pfa[mhtqkd&Sif a*smuf*suftm; pmaypdppfa&;ESifh jrefrmEkdifiH *Dwtpnf;t¶kH;uac:,lI cH0efuwdvufrSwfxkd;ckdif;a=umif; [pfa[mhowif;&yfuGufu od&onf? +yD;cJhonfh Zefe0g&D (15)&uf aps;uGufwGif;jzef@csdcJhaom tqkdyg*sme,fwGif ‘jrefrmh,Ofaus;r_tpOftvmESifh vlae r_pepftm;xdckdufEkdifaom qif qmrJhjrefrmoDcsif; npfnrf;acGrsm; odef;eJ@csDxdysHŒESH@vsuf&Sd/ emrnf& vli,ftqkdawmftcsKdŒESifh wD;0kdif;tcsKdŒywfoufr_&Sd/ zefwD;ol xkwfvkyf ol/ jzef@csdolESifh vuf0,fxm;&Sdol rnfolrqkd qifqmOya'/ npfnrf; Oya'ESifh ta&;,lcH&Ekdif’ acgif;pOfjzifha&;om;xm;jcif;jzpfonf? ,if;jzpf&yfESifhywfoufI um,uH&Sifa*s a*smuf*suftm; qufoG,far;jref; &m 0efcHuwdxkd;&onfrSm [kwfrSefa=umif;/ okd@aomf tqkdygowif;wGif ygaom ‚if;.oDcsif;rsm;tm; tacGtjzpfxkwfIa&mif;csolrSm rdrdeJ@ rywfoufa=umif;/ avmavmq,f oDcsif;acGxkwfjcif;ukd &yfxm;& a=umif;ajymonf?

pmaypdppfa&;. 0efxrf;wOD;u “usrwkd@ pmaypdppfa&;¶kH;uawmh a*smuf*sufeJ@ywfoufwJh tifwmAsL;/ owif;/ aqmif;yg;awGukd &yfqkdif;xm;zkd@ !$ef=um;xm;w,f” [k qkdonf? [pfa[mh ESpfoufol vli,fwOD;u “a0zefa&;vkyfw,fqkdwm a0zefr,fh Subjectukd em;vnfrS a0zefoifhw,f?

EkdifiHwumrSm [pfa[mhawG&JŒoDqkdr_[m rauseyfwmawG/ pdwfxJ&dSwmawGukd aygufuJGwmyJ? tmz&duu vlrnf;awGqDuwqifh 'D [pfa[mh*DwqkdwmpD;0ifvmcJhwm vlom;awG=um;ukd/ 'g awmfvSefa&;*DwyJ? a*smuf *sufoDqkdwJh [pfa[mhrSm npfnrf;wmygw,f/ [kwfw,f/ 'g ol@tokdif;t0ef;eJ@eD;pyfwJh t&mawGxJu ol&xm; wJh tawGŒt}uHKyJ? bmyJjzpfjzpf 'DvkdoDqkdr_awGudk a*smuf*suf waumifwnf;qkdwmr[kwfbl;? jrefrm UndergroundoDqkdcJholawG/ ck emrnf&aewJh aumifawGvnf;vkyfchJw,f? a*smuf*sufu tckrS tqkdawmf awmif rjzpfao;bl;Asm/ 'Daumifhwa,mufwnf;ukd ypfrSwfxm;ovkdjzpfaewJhtwGufawmh usaemf pdwfr aumif;bl;” [k ajymonf? [pfa[mh aw;oH&Sifrsm;pGm&Sdonfhteuf a*smuf*suftm; vli,ftrsm; ESpfouf=u

a=umif;/ [pfa[mhESpfoufonfh vli,frsm;. ajymqkdr_ukd ukd;um;Iod&onf?

a*smuf*sufonf [pfa[mhavmuxJokd@ 2004 ckESpfupwifa&muf&Sdvmum UndergroundtacGrsm; a0+yD;csdef rSpI emrnf&vm+yD; VIPtzGJŒwGif Ah.Boy/ xdef0if;/ ausmfxGÉfaqGwkd@eJ@twl oDqkdolwOD;jzpfonf? “tmZmenfyk*[email protected];udk qHk;cef;wdkif qufvufIaqmif&ëufrnf rnf?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;)

19

“wdkif;jynfeJ@vlxktusdK; a&S;±_+yD; jywfjywfom;om; aqmif&Guf=u?” u?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;) ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

a*smuf*suf.trnf&if;rSm Zifrif;vGifjzpf+yD; touf (22)ESpfcef@om&Sdum w¶kwf-Arm ujym;jzpfonf? &efukef Akdvfwaxmif+rdKŒe,fwGif aexdkifoljzpfonf[k ¶kyf&SiftjrKawr*~Zif;t&od&onf? -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

tpdk;&‘ &‘Aefwkd’ tcrJhyGJ =unfholenf; tm;upm;0ef}uD;Xme jrefrmEkdifiHokdif;tzGJŒcsKyfu }uD;rª;usif;yaom 'kwd,t}udrf jrefrmokdif;ynmpOf jyyGJESifh wwd,t}udrf Aefwkd(twkduf)+ydKifyGJ/ Aefwkd(txl;) pdefac:yGJukd r=umcifu trsKd;om;tm;upm; +ydKifyJG¶Hk (1) ok0ÀwGif tcrJhyGJtjzpfusif;ycJhaomfvnf; =unfh¶_olenf;yg;onf[k pkHprf;od&onf? tqkdygyGJukd tpkd;& OD;pD; onfhtwGuf r=unfhvkda=umif; &efukef+rdKŒcHrsm;uajymonf?

“xl;qef;wJhjyuGuf (90)ausmf jyr,fvkd@ owif;pmrSmawGŒvkdufw,f? 'gayr,fh r=unfhcsifbl;? jyowJh vlawG&JŒ pGrf;tm;ukdawmh av;pm;ygw,f” [k ok0Àòrd@e,ftwGif; aexkdifolwOD;u ajymonf? tqkdygyGJonf tcrJhjzpf

omfvnf; vma&muf=unfh¶_onfh jynfolenf;yg;a=umif; tqkdygyGJudk oGm;a&muf=unfh¶_cJholwOD;u ajymonf?

“olwkd@qDukd vm=unfhwJhvlr&Sdbl;? vm=unfhwJhvlawGu tm;u pm;0ef}uD;Xmeatmufu0efxrf;awG rvmrae&/ +yD;awmh tm; upm;+ydKifyGJ¶kHeJ@eD;wJh +rdKŒe,fawGu pmoifausmif;awGukd ajym xm;+yD; ausmif;om;awGukd vm+yD;=unfhckdif;w,f? ta&;}uD; yk*~dKvfawGqkd+yD; zdwfxm;wJhtpkd;&vufukdifwkwfawGvmw,f? wu,fwrf; 'Dynm&yfukd aoaocsmcsm pdwf0ifpm;vkd@ avhvm csifvkd@ vm=unfholwcsKdŒ&Sdw,f? 'gayr,fh tHh=ozG,f ynm&yfwck taeeJ@a&m/ rjrifzl;wmawGtaeeJ@yg vm=unfholr&Sdbl;? bmvkd@ vJqkdawmh tpkd;&ukdrESpfoufvkd@yJ”[k ‚if;uajymonf? tqkdygyGJukd ok0ÀtrsKd;om;tm;upm;+ydKifyGJ¶kH (1)ESifh eD;onfh ouFef;usGef;/ wmarG/ ok0Àòrd@e,fwkd@rS tru/ tvu/ txu ausmif;toD;oD;rS q&m/ q&mrrsm;OD;aqmifaomz,f&Djzifh t"rR vma&muf=unfh¶_ckdif;cJhonf[k wmarG+rdKŒe,f q&mrwOD q&mrwOD; u ajymonf?

“trSefqkd&ifawmh uav;awGukd tckvkdausmif;ydwf&ufrSm 'Dvkdokdif;oifuGufawG/ um,odE
“vlawGudk tcrJh =unfhEkdifw,fvkd@ a=umfjimxm;&ifvnf; vGwfvGwfvyfvyf =unfhEkdifatmifvkyf&r,fav? tck [m &Jum;utpD; (30)avmuf&Sdw,f? &JawG/ ppfom;awGuvnf; cef;rxJrSmtjynfh? yg0gjycsifwJh &JabmfawGu ppfvm; aq;vm; vmar;ao;w,f? usaemfu yGJ=unfhpifuae atmufudkqif;+yD; wDAD¶kdufaewJh ae&mtem;ukd oGm;awmh &Jwaumifu usaemfhukd b,fuvJqkd+yD;ar;w,f? usaemfhukd tay:uyJ =unfhygwhJ? 'grsKd;awGa=umifh “tmZmenfyk*[email protected];udk qHk;cef;wdkif qufvufIaqmif&ëufrnf rnf?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;)

20

“wdkif;jynfeJ@vlxktusdK; a&S;±_+yD; jywfjywfom;om; aqmif&Guf=u?” u?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;) ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

aemufwae@ roGm;awmhbl;? paeae@uyJ oGm;w,f? vlawGrvmwm tJ'grsKd;awGa=umifhAs” [k ouFef;usGef;rS ysHusvkyfom; ukdvGef;armifu ajymonf?

+yD;cJhonfh Zefe0g&D (17)&ufu 'kwd,AdkvfcsKyf}uD;jrifhaqG vma&mufonfhtcsdefaemufusonfhtwGuf oHacsmif; rsm;ay:wGif touf (13)ESpfcef@t&G,f uav;rsm; vSdrfhjyonfhjyuGufukd rawGŒvkduf&onhftwGuf 'kwd,t}udrf jyefvnfjyocJh&a=umif; yGJ=unfholwOD;u ajymonf? yGJpOfrsm;ukd paeae@ESifh we*FaEGae@wkd@wGif eHeuf (8)em&DrS ae@v,f (1) em&Dxd usif;ycJhjcif;jzpfa=umif;od&onf? -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

rZÆdr owif;Xme 16 Zefe0g&D 2009

u&ifolykefrsm;udkwd wku d fcdcku d f&ef aemufxyfwkdufyGJ r=umrDpwif pwifrnf xdkif;e,fpyf+rhKd rJaqmuf.awmifbufwGif u&iftrsKd;om;vGwfajrmufa&;wyfrawmf (KNLA). txl;wyf&if; 103 udk wyfr[m 6wyf&if; 201rSwyfzGJ@0ifrsm;jzifh tiftm;jznhfwif;r_rsm; jyKvkyfvsuf&Sdonf? txl;wyf&if; trSwf 103onf vGefcJhaomtywfu ,if;.tajccHpcef;udkqkH;&H_;cJh&+yD;/ vGefcJhaom 7 &ufvHk;vHk; wcsdefvHk;a&$@ ajymif;aecJh&onf? &efoludktm¶kHv$JEdkif&ef ajrjrêKyfrdkif;rsm;/ a&S@xGufrdkif;rsm;toHk;jyKcJh=u&onf? xdkif;EdkifiH zkyfz&(Phop Phra)c¶dkiftwGif; jzpfyGg;aeaomwdkufyGJrSm xdkif;jrefrme,fpyf ajrmufydkif;wavSsmuf vGefcJh aomESpf ZGefv 30&ufae@uwJu bwjyef usm;wjyefjzpfaecJhonf? vGefcJhaom tywfurl jrefrmtpdk;&wyfzGJ@ rsm;u wyf&if; 103. tajccHpcef;udkodrf;ydkufrdcJh+yD;/ zsufqD;ypfcJhonf? Tpcef;onf aea&mifjcnfpGrf;tifoHk;rD; rsm;/ ig;uefrsm;/ tvGef=uD;aompyg;usDESihf teD;tem;&Gm 2&GmrS vlaygif; 800 cef@ukd aq;0g;ukoay;aecJhaom aq;cef;wdk@jzifh t=uD;tus,fwnfaqmufxm;jcif; jzpfonf? KNLA onf

vGefcJhaomESpfuwnf;u Tpcef;udk qHk;&H_;vdkuf/ jyeft&,lvdkufjzpfaecJh+yD; ,cktcgrSmrl jyef&Edkif p&m r&Sdawmhyg? u&iftrsKd;om; ‘tpnf;t¶kH;’(KNU)onf ppftpdk;&ESihf typftcwf&yfpJa&;pmcsKyf vufrSwf a&;xdk;jcif;rjyK&ao;onhf t"duusaom tzGJ@tcsKd@teufrS wckjzpf+yD; (KNLA)onf TtzGJ@. vufeufudkif wyf jzpfonf? wyfrª; Adkvfrª;=uD;e'g;jr u [email protected];udkqHk;&H_;cJh+yD;/ ,cktcg ol@wyfzGJ@0ifrsm;onf ajrmuf buf&Sd wyf&if; 201. 0g;avcD;pcef;udk umuG,f&ef jyefvnfpkzGJ@ae&m,lr_rsm; jyKvkyfvsuf&Sdonf[k ajymonf? Tpcef;onf 1998 ckESpfuwnf;uwnf&dSchJ+yD;/ ,refESpf *sLvdkifvtwGif; acwWodrf;ydkufcHcJh&ao;onf? odk@aomf 3 &uf=um tjyif;txefwdkufcdkufcJh&+yD;aemuf jyefvnft&,lEkdifcJhonf? vGefcJhaomtywfu jzpfyGg;cJhaom wdkuf yGJrsm;Y ‘etz etz’(SPDC)wyfrsm; tvGeftxdemcJh+yD; xdkif;EdkifiHrJaqmuf aq;¶kHwGif pwD;vufwGef;vSnf;rsm;jzifh wGef;,lvmaom rdkif;xdjrefrmppfom; vlemrsm;jzifh jynhfESufaecJhonf? TwdkufyGJ jzpfyGg;&mae&monf awmifay: &_cif;omrsm;&Sdojzifh urBmvSnhf c&D;onfrsm; vma&mufavh&dSaom xdkif;EdkifiH ‘tk tkef;zef’(Umphang)a'o. wbufwGif wnf&Sdonf? “tmZmenfyk*[email protected];udk qHk;cef;wdkif qufvufIaqmif&ëufrnf rnf?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;)

21

“wdkif;jynfeJ@vlxktusdK; a&S;±_+yD; jywfjywfom;om; aqmif&Guf=u?” u?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;) ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

etzwyfrsm;onf 0g;avcD;pcef;udk t=uD;tus,fwdkufcdkuf&ef =umoyaw;ae@u ae&m,lxm;cJh+yD;/ xdkpcef;udk vufeuf=uD;rsm;jzifhypfcwfcJh&m rrSefbJvGJacsmfoGm;cJhonf? pcef;teD;&Sd awmifukef;tjrifhrsm;ay:wGif tpdk;&wyf rsm; ae&m,lxm;Edkif+yD; xdkae&mrsm;rS 81 rr pdefajymif;rsm;jzifh ypfcwfvsuf&Sdonf? KNLA wGifvnf;

oHcsyfum,Ofrsm;ay: wGif wyfqifxm;avh&Sdonfh tvGef a=umufrufbG,faumif;aom ydGKifh 5 (vufr) pufaoewf=uD; &Sdonf?

tkef;zef zef(Umphang) KNLAu Tpcef;udktoJtoefxdef;

odrf;xm;vdkonfrSm Tpcef;onf a'o wGif; xl;jcm;ta&;ygaompcef;jzpfI oif wef;cef;rrsm;/ aq;ay;cef;rsm;&Sdjcif; a=umifhomr[kwf/ppfoif;csKdif;vnf; T pcef;wGif&Sd aeaoma=umifh jzpfonf? ‘etz’onf Ta'otwGif;xGuf&Sdonfh xl;jcm;aomowWKodkufrsm;jzpfonfh a&$/ oHjzL/ oGyf/ tjzdKufeuf (c etz aemufpdrf;udk ,if;rSoef@pifxkwf,lonf)wdk@udk vk,lI “pD;yGg;a&;t& tjynfht0 xdef;csKyf”xm;vdkonfh twGuf wdkufcdkufaejcif;jzpfonf[k olykefwyfzGJ@u ajymqdkygonf? rnfonfh tzGJ@uyifjzpfap/ olwdk@t&if;tESD;rsm;twGuf vHkjcHKa&;tmrcHcsufom tjynfht0ay;Edkifrnfqkdygu tqdkyg owWKrsm;udk wl;azmfxkwf,l&ef xdkif0rfESifhxdkif; owWKwl;ukr`%Drsm;u toifhapmifhqdkif;ae=uonf? a'otwGif; KNLA.v_yf&Sm;r_onf t+rJwrf; ra&r&mom&SdcJhaomfvnf; ,ckaemufqHk; jzpfyGg;aeaom wdkufyGJ rsm;onf ESpfaygif;rsm;pGmtwGif; zkyfz&0ef & ;usifY jzpfyGg;cJhaom wdkufyGJrsm;teuf t&Snf=umtjyif;xefqHk;aom wdkufyGJrsm;jzpfonf? tultnDay;a&; vkyfom;rsm;.tajymt& e,fpyfwbufwcsufwGif&Sdaom [ufwm&m m aygif;rsm;pGm&Sdonfh ajymif;cif;rsm;udkyif r&dwfodrf;awmhbJ xdkif;v,form;rsm;onf u&if 'kuQonfpcef;rsm;qD odk@ OD;wnfvmae=uonf[k qdkonf? xdkae&mwGif olwdk@twGuf tenf;qHk; pm;p&mawmh&rnf? xkdif;=unf;wyfuvnf; xkda'otwGif;e,fpyfwavSsmuf tiftm;jznhfwif;csxm;r_rsm; jyKvkyfcJh+yD;/t0iftxGuf tm;vHk;udk aocsmpGmapmifh=unhfaeonf? Ta'otwGif; KNLA.tem*gwftwGuf ,ck &ufowWywfukefydkif; onf ta&;ygaomtcsdefjzpfvdrfhrnf? jyif;xefpGmjzpfyGg;aom wdkufyGJrsm;a=umifh jyefvnfqkwfcGg&efrSm rjzpfEdkifawmhbJ 0g;avcD;pcef;rSm aocsmayguf zsufqD;cH&awmhrnfhyHk&Sdaeonf? wevFmae@uvnf; +AdwdoSsvlrsKd; "gwfyHkq&mwOD;udk apmifjzihftkyfI xdkif;EdkifiHab;vGwf&modk@ awmwGif;rS ac: xkwfvmcJh&onf? Ak'<[l;ae@uvnf; tvm;wl EdkifiHjcm;om; apwemh0efxrf;wOD;udk oifwef;tpDtpOf wckudk &yfwef@I wkdufyGJrsm; rjzpfyGg;rD xGufcGgcdkif;cJh&onf? “tmZmenfyk*[email protected];udk qHk;cef;wdkif qufvufIaqmif&ëufrnf rnf?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;)

22

“wdkif;jynfeJ@vlxktusdK; a&S;±_+yD; jywfjywfom;om; aqmif&Guf=u?” u?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;) ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

,ck &ufowWywfukefydkif;wGifvnf; rJaqmuftaxGaxGaq;¶kH=uD;. p=uørsm;ay:wGif vlemwif vufwGef;vSnf; rsm; oGm;vmaeonfudk awG@jrif=u&OD;rnf? -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

16 Zefe0g&D 2009

‘tzGJ@csKyfA[kd’a=unmcsufudk +rdKŒe,fpnf;tzGJ@0ifrsm;u axmufcH ‘trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyf’(A[kd). a=unmcsufudk o&uf+rdKŒe,f/ +rdKŒe,fpnf;tzGJ@0ifrsm;uaxmufcHa=umif; tpnf;ta0;qHk;jzwfcsufrsm;csrSwfum 0dkif;0ef;yHhydk;aqmif&GufoGm;rnf[k qdkonf? +yD;cJhonfh (17)&ufae@ujyKvkyfcJhonfh rauG;wdkif;/ o&uf+rdKŒe,fpnf;tzG@J 0ifrsm; tpnf;ta0;wGif ,ckuJhodk@ qHk; jzwfcsufrsm;csrSwfcJhjcif;jzpf+yD; tqdkygtpnf;ta0;od@k +rdKŒe,fpnf;tzGJ@0ifrsm;jzpfonfhODO;D xGef;atmif atmif=unf(OuUÏ)/ 'kOuUÏ a':oef;jrifh(b¾ma&;rSL;)/ twGif;a&;rSL;ESifh +rdKŒe,fpnf;tzGJ@0ifrsm;tm;vHk;pHkvifpGmwufa&mufcJha=umif; +rdKŒe,fpnf;twGif;a&;rSL;u ajymonf?

“tzGJ@csKyfA[dk&JŒ 18§9 2008 txl;a=ujim csufudk usaemfwdk@u tm;omwJhqHk;jzwfcsuf jzpfw,fqdkwmudk ajymcsifw,f/ usaemfwdk@ o&uf+rdKŒe,fpnf;taeeJ@u tJ'gudkvufcH+yD; awmh 'g[mvufawG@usus trsKd;om;&if=um; apha&; awG@qHkaqG;aEG;a&;&JŒ t"dujzpfw,fvdk@ t=uGif;rJh,Hk=unfw,f” [k ‚if;uajymonf? trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyfytzG ftzGJ@0ifrsm;

trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyf. 18§9 2008 txl;a=ujimcsufonf 1990 ckESpf ygwDpHk a&G; aumufyGJwGif tEdkif&cJhonfh EdkifiHa&;ygwDrsm;u jynfol@v$wfawmftjrefqHk;ac:,lum‘‘zGJ@pnf;yHktajccHOya' oHk;oyfa&;tzG@J ’udk zGJ@pnf;I jyefvnfoHk;oyfa&;udk (6) vtwGif; aqmif&Gufay;&ef EdkifiHawmfat;csrf;om,ma&;ESihf zGH@+zdK;a&;aumifpDodk@ wdkufwGef;t}uHjyKxm; jcif;rsm; yg0ifonf?

“jrefrmEdkifiH&JŒ +idrf;csrf;pGm 'Drdkua&pDtoGiful;ajymif;a&;udk tajymr[kwfbJ wu,fvdkvm;w,fqdk&if tzGJ@csKyf wdkufwGef;csufudk tjrefqHk;taumiftxnfazmfa&;twGuf jynfwGif;jynfy 'Drkdua&pDtiftm;pkawGtygt0if EU/ ASEANeJ@ EdkifiHwumtzGJ@tpnf;awGtm;vHk; tav;eufxm;+yD; tpGef;ukeft&Sdefjrêifh wdkufwGef;aqmif &Gufay;=uzdk@ usaemfwdk@A[kdXmecsKyfuwqifh wifjyawmif;qdkoGm;rSmyg” [k ajymonf? o&uf+rdKŒe,fpnf;tzGJ@0ifrsm;u ‚if;tqdkjyKcsufrsm;udktaumiftxnfazmfEdkifygu etzppftpdk;&taejzifhEdkifiH a&;wuf=uGv_yf&Sm;olrsm;ukd rw&m; Oya'rJhzrf;qD;aer_rsm;/ rw&m; axmif'%fcsrSwfaer_rsm;ESihf a':atmifqef; “tmZmenfyk*[email protected];udk qHk;cef;wdkif qufvufIaqmif&ëufrnf rnf?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;)

23

“wdkif;jynfeJ@vlxktusdK; a&S;±_+yD; jywfjywfom;om; aqmif&Guf=u?” u?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;) ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

pk=unftygt0if EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;awGukd csGif;csufr&Sd tjrefqkH;jyefv$wfay;&ef &nf&G,fcsufrsm;jzifh ajymqkd jcif;jzpfa=umif; ajymonf? (2010) a&G;aumufyGJESifhywfoufI “a&G;aumufyGJeJ@ ywfoufvdk@uawmh XmecsKyfucsrSwfxm;wJhtwdkif; tajc

cHOya'udk vufcHxm;jcif;r&Sdygbl;/ qENcH,lyJGukdvnf; todrSwfrjyKxm;wJhtwGuf a&G;aumufyGJudkvnf; vHk;0 todrSwfrjyKxm;ygbl;/ ajymp&mvJ rvdkygbl;” [k ajymonf?

jynfolvlxktaejzifhvnf; ppftpdk;&jyKvkyfrnfha&G;aumif;yGJukd todrSwfjyKpOf;pm;p&mrvkda=umif;ESifh jynfwGif; jynfy 'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@tpnf;toD;oD;taejzifhvnf; [email protected]=ujimcsufukd tpGrf;ukefulnDyHhydk@ay;&ef txl;yef =um;vdka=umif; qufvufajymonf? ,ckjyKvkyfonfh o&uf+rdKŒe,ftrsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyf vpOftpnf;ta0;onf 2007 ckESpf/pufwifbm a&$0g a&mifawmfvSefa&;aemufydkif; yxrqHk;t}udrfjyKvkyfjcif;jzpfonf? -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

&Jbufpcef;rsm;wGif EdkifiHa&;tusOf &;tusOf;om;rsm; usef;rma&; pdk;&drfae& 15 Zefe0g&D 2009 &Jbufpcef;odk@ ydk@aqmifjcif;cH&onfh EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;rsm; usef;rma&;tajctaepdk;&drfae&a=umif; ‘EdEdkifiHa&; tusOf;om;rsm; ulnDapmifha&Smufa&;toif;’(jrefrmEkdifiH) (AAPP-B)rS ,ae@owif;xkwfjyefa=unmonf? awmifil+rdKŒ (av;rdkif&Jbufpcef;)ausmufxkpcef;wGif tusOf;uscHae&onfh udkaZmfEdkifaxG;. usef;rma&;tajc taeESifh ywfoufI ,ckuJhodk@ owif;xkwfjyefa=unmjcif;jzpfonf?

“t"duuawmh tpm;taomufu enf;enf;av;yJ ausG;w,f/ r0a&pmausG;wJh oabmrsKd;jzpfaew,f/ aemuf awmh olu ajccsif;cwf+yD; ausmufxkae&w,f/ a&uvJ ravmufawmh wjznf;jznf; usef;rma&;csKdŒwJhvmwJh oabmjzpfwm/ a&&Snfusawmh 'g[m pdk;&drfp&maumif;wJh tajctaejzpfvmw,f” [k (AAPP-B)twGif;a&; rSL; OD;wdwfEdkifu ajymonf?

ukdaZmfEdkifaxG;onf tpfudkjzpfol 88 rsKd;qufausmif;om; udkausmfausmfaxG;(c)ud udkrmuD;xHrS pmudk tusOf; axmifjyifyodk@ xkwfay;ojzifh tusOf;axmifyk'fr (41§c)/ (42) wdk@jzifh w&m;pGJqdkcHcJh&+yD; +yD;cJhonfh 'DZifbm (15)&ufae@wGif axmif (9)ESpf csrSwfcH&oljzpfonf? ppftpdk;&u EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;rsm;udk &Jbufpcef;rsm;odk@ydk@aqmifum tvkyf=urf;rsm;cdkif;apaejcif;onf aoap vdkonfh &nf&G,fcsufjzifhvkyfaqmifaejcif;omjzpf+yD; touf&SifvsS uf tdrfjyefa&muf&dSol tvGefenf;yg;a=umif; (AAPP-B) a=unmcsufwGif azmfjyxm;onf?

“tmZmenfyk*[email protected];udk qHk;cef;wdkif qufvufIaqmif&ëufrnf rnf?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;)

24

“wdkif;jynfeJ@vlxktusdK; a&S;±_+yD; jywfjywfom;om; aqmif&Guf=u?” u?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;) ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

,ckvuf&Sd &Jbufpcef;rsm;odk@ ydk@aqmifcHxm;&onfh EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om; tenf;qHk; (17)OD;cef@&Sd+yD; &moDOwk t&rf;at;onfhtajctaersm;wGif ‚if;[email protected];rma&;udk tvGefpdk;&drfae&onf[k OD;wdwfEdkifu qufvufajym onf? -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

jrefrmtvkyform;rsm; aetdrfzsuf+yD; awmxJwGifykef;atmif;ae& xdkif;tm%mydkifrsm;u jrefrma&$Œajymif;tvkyform;rsm;udk aetdrfrsm;rS twif;t=uyfarmif;xkwfr_rsm; jyKvkyf aeojzifh awmxJwGifykef;atmif;ae&+yD; pdk;&drfae&onfhtajctaeodk@ a&mufaeonf? rJaqmuf+rKdŒrS 44 uDvkdrDwmtuGm&Sd zkwfz& +rKdŒ e,f/0g;awmaus;&GmwGif ,ae@eHeuf (8)em&Dcef@ u jrefrmtvkyform;rsm;aexdkifonfh aetdrf (80)ausmfudk xdkif;e,fjcm;apmifhwyfrsm;/ &J/ +rdKŒ e,ftkyfcsKyfa&; tm%mydkifrsm;ESihf aus;&Gmol}uD; rsm;uvma&muf+yD; armif;xkwfcJhojzifh ygrdkuf awmxJwGif ykef;atmifae&a=umif; ‚if;a'o&Sd jrefrmjynfom;wOD;u ajymonf? ,refae@/ ae@ vnf (1)em&Davmufu tqdkyg a&$Œajymif;jrefrm tvkyform;rsm;aexdkif&modk@ zkwfz& +rdKŒe,f tm%mydkifrsm;a&mufvm+yD; aetdrfrsm;udk rajymif;a&$Œygu rD;¶_dŒrnf[k ajymqdkchJ+yD; ,ae@ eHeufydkif;wGif ajymif;a&$ŒcJh&jcif;jzpfonf?

“tm%mydkifawGu tJ'Dudkvm+yD; eifwdk@ypPnf;awGukd tukefvkH;o,f/ tdrfawGudkzsuf+yD;awmh bwf(tvkyform; vufrSwf)&SdwJhola&m r&SdwJhola&m tukefvHk;awmxJudk0if/ tJ'DvdkArmjynfom;awGtrsm;}uD;pk+yD;awmh aevdk@r& bl;qdk+yD; armif;xkwfwm” [k tvkyform;wOD;u ajymonf? tm%mydkifrsm;. twif;t=uyfajymif;a&$Œcdkif;jcif;a=umifh aetdrftrdk;tumrsm;udk zsufqD;ypfchJ&+yD; vl@toHk; taqmifypPnf;tcsKdŒudkom ,laqmifoGm;cJh=u&m rnfolrSjyefvm&Jjcif;r&Sda=umif; ‚if;uqufajymonf?

“tJ'D0ef;xJrSm pm=unhfwdkuf/ aq;ay;cef;awG aemufawmh pmoifausmif;uvJ&Sdw,f/ aus;&Gmw&Gm yHkpHrsKd;jzpf aew,f/ tm%mydkifawGbufu jrefrm&Gmw&GmjzpfvmrSmudkpdk;&drfwJhtwGuf tckvdkzsufwmvdk@xifw,f/ avm avmq,f aq;ay;cef;wckyJusefcJhw,f” [k ajymonf? ,if;uJhodk@ykef;a&Smifae=u&mwGif ausmif;wufaeonfh jrefrmuav;i,f (40)ausmfonf rdbrsm;ESihftwlawmxJ wGif a&Smifykef;ae&+yD; aomufoHk;a&tcuftcJESifh &moDOwktvGefat;ojzifh ‚if;wdk@twGuf txl;pdk;&drfae& a=umif; tqdkyga'owGifaexdkifonfh jrefrmtvkyform;wOD;u ajymonf?

“tmZmenfyk*[email protected];udk qHk;cef;wdkif qufvufIaqmif&ëufrnf rnf?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;)

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“wdkif;jynfeJ@vlxktusdK; a&S;±_+yD; jywfjywfom;om; aqmif&Guf=u?” u?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;) ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

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“tmZmenfyk*[email protected];udk qHk;cef;wdkif qufvufIaqmif&ëufrnf rnf?” (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;)

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