11 Chapter V.pdf

CHAPTER V

A CASE STUDY 5.0 INTRODUCTION According to the report of Ministry of tourism, Government of India, tourism is the second largest sector in the country in providing employment opportunities for low skilled and semi skilled workers. In tourism domestic tourism contributes about 75% of tourism economy. In domestic tourism fairs and festivals play an important role. Solapur District is one of the existing fair and festivals centers in the Maharashtra state. In Solapur district the local economy of many towns depend on the revenue, employment, and income from that fairs and festivals brings to the community.

Hence, it is very important to detail study of different factors, which

are responsible for the tourism development in the Solapur district. In that, sense here necessary to detailed study of existing fairs and festivals tourist places in the district.Thus this chapter deals with the detailed study of selected exhibiting fairs and festivals places, their available tourist facilities and place wise satisfaction index of tourist.

5.1 JUSTIFICATION FOR SELECTION OF SAMPLE CASES In Solapur district lots of existing fairs and festivals tourist places are found. But all existing tourist places are selected as sample case is not possible.So researcher give the criteria for selection of the sample cases. There are number of criteria available for the selecting of existing tourist fairs and festivals places. Such as -based on religion, on the basis of number of visitors, on the basis of government declared grade, on the basis of the God and Goddess and so on.Sampling techniques have been used in this research work to explore the importance of tourism in Solapur district. In the sampling process secondary data is used to select the survey samples. The Local as well as State Government records from the district gazette and published information in news papers, literatures related to Solapur tourism

have used to

categorize different attractions of Solapur district. The existing tourist places of Solapur district have been selected on the basis of the large number of tourists visited to the places during the period of fairs and festivals.Categories have been made on the basis of secondary data as shown in Table 128

Researcher use here criteria of Government declared grade and sub criteria is large no of visitor's places. On the basis of this criteria researcher has been selected six existing fairs and fetivals tourists places for the detailed study.According to the Government of Maharashtra there are three different grades for the religious tourist places. These are as first, one is 'A' grade religious places, and second one is 'B 'grade religious places and last one is' C grade religious places. Based on these criteria fairs and festivals tourist places divided in to three-grade categories. After these category researcher selected two exiting tourist places in every category on the basis of large number of visitors places.. The selected tourist places as follows Table 5.1 Grade wise classification of religious places in Solapur district. Grade Sr.No 1.

2.

A grade religious places Ashadi Yatra, Pandharpur

B grade religious places Shri Swami Samarth Festival,Akkalkot Shri Siddheshwar Shri Mahaligraya Yatra, Solapur Fair, Huljanti (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

Fig. 5.1 129

C grade religious places Madheshwari Devi Fair, Madha Shri Bagvant Festival, Barshi

On the basis of above categories existing sample tourist places are selected according to total numbers of tourists who visited these places in the year 2014-2015. Detail Information selecting sample cases.

5.1.1 Pandharpur Ashadi Ekadashi Festival Pandharpur is a famous for Lord of Shri.Vitthal and Shri.Rukmini. Pandharpur is a town in Solapur district in state of Maharashtra. It is one of the most valued pilgrimage sites in Maharashtra. Pandharpur proudly hosts the “Kuldaivat” of Maharashtra state Shri Vithoba and Rukmini on the banks of river Bhima. It is also known by the other names Pandurang, Vitthal or Pandhari. It is believed to be the supreme God of the universe for all the Maharashtrians and an incarnation of Lord Shiva and Vishnu. Location Pandharpur city is located on the right bank of the Bhima river which is also known as Chandrabhaga because of its Half-Moon like shape.Pandharpur city is situated on the 17011‟ North latitude and 75011‟ East longitude in Solapur district.Pandharpur has an average elevation of 458 meters. Climate Pandharpur city is dominated by rainy, winter and summer season. Summer season of the Pandharpur starts from the month of March and till to June which is usually hot.In this period temperature of the city can go beyond 400 C. Most of the tourist avoids visiting Pandharpur during this period due to extreme hot temperature in month of April and May. Monsoon season of the region starts from the month of June and then it exist till the month of September. The whole mansoon season is accompanied by gentle to regular rainfalls and it also offers relief to travelers as well as local people from the hot summer. Winter season of the city starts from the month of November and then it ends till February. The winter season of the city is characterized by the average level of moisture and temperate cool weather. In the season of winter the region witness its minimum temperature which goes below 200 C. Population According to the 2011 census population of Pandharpur city is 98,923.Out of them 50,645 are males while 48,278 are females. Population of Children with age of

130

0-6 is 11151, which is 11.27 % of total population of Pandharpur city. Female Sex Ratio is of 953. Moreover Child Sex Ratio in Pandharpur is around 894. Detailed information about Temple The principle idol of Pandharpur is Sri Vitthala. The front portion of the temple of Vitthala is known as Gad or fort. The temple has three doors.The main door on the eastern side is the one frequently used, so it is called the Mahadwara. It is also called Namdev‟s door. Near the mahadwara, there is the Samadhi-pitha (memorial) of the saint Chokhoba. There are twelve steps of memorial. The first of these steps is known as namdevchi Payari (Namdev‟s step). Mandap (porch) serves as the nagarkhana, room for the drums and other instruments of the temple band. Temple courtyard (the chowk) is creased with several owaris, rooms meant for accommodating pilgrims and resident devotees. To the west of the mandap are two dipamalas stone pillars for lamps lit on celebrations. The wooden mandap also has a small shrine each to Garuda and Maruti Hanuman. The Hanuman image was installed by Samarth Ramdas. Pillars are decorated by Scenes from the Krishna-lila, other avataras, and decorative flower-patterned designs. The Garuda-khamb, is the important pilar here which is . Garuda is the vehicle of Bhagavan Vishnu. He is a great devotee. So the devotees hug this pillar lovingly and then go onwards for darshan of Vitthala. The entrance to the shrine is to the west, through the door identified as Rupyacha Darwaja (the silver door). On crossing this door devotees reach the Ckahowkhambi mandap (the four-pillared porch).

Photo 5.1 Namdev Payari 131

Image of Vithala The height of image of the Vithoba is three and half feet and it bears a shivalinga on the head. Around his neck, vitthala has the kaustubha-mani (a precious gem that was obtained during the mythical churning of the ocean) and his breast is decked with the footmark of his devotee, known as vastsalanchhana. Behind the Vitthala shrine to the northwest, is the shrine to Rukmini, the consort of Vitthala. The idol of Lord Vitthal is self existed. He has an ornamental crown on his head. The ornaments of fishes are in ear, a garland of „Koustubmani‟ in his neck. „Vatsalanchhan‟ is on the heart. Hand on his waist.

Photo 5.2 Image of Shri Vitthal and Rukmini Table 5.2 Daily Aarti and Puja timetable at Temple Sr. No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Time

Aim

4.00 am

Opening of the gate of Namdev payari. Kakada bhajan of Vitthal Rukmini. Nityapooja

4.30 am 4.30 am to 5.30 am 6.00 am 11.00 am 4.30 pm 6.45 pm 11.30 pm to 12.00 pm

Darshan timing Mahanaivedya (offering of lunch to Lord) Poshakh (clothing of Lord) Dhoop Arati Shej Aarti

(Source: Temple committee handbook 2015)

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Rities have divided into two parts. 1. Daily Rities 2. Occasional Rities Daily Rities are „Kakad Arati‟, mahabhishek, afternoon worship, Dhooparti etc. „Ashadhi‟ and „Kartiki‟ are two big festivals day and „Chaiti‟ and „Maghi‟ these two are small pilgrimage days. During this period the daily rities are closed. The temple is open 24 hours for darshan. After the pilgrimages days and daily rities restart whole temple is washed. On festival celebrations like „navratra‟, „dasara‟, „Diwali‟, „Gudhipadva‟, Gokul Ashtmi etc. There are occasional Rities. Daily Rities are held according to the traditional of „Vaidik‟, Sanskrit mantras are recited within daily rities. Every rity is held according to the guidance of „Mantra‟.The Board has decided the fees for puja has been displayed in the temple Sale of Prasad and Photos From 22.03.1985 onwards, the Laddu Prasad were introduced and distributed inside the temple premises. Each Laddu is primed in highly hygenic conditions and offered to Lord Vitthala and Rukmini as Naivedhya and afterward they are sold as Prasad.. From 01.05.1985, colour photos of Lord Vitthala and Rukmini are printed and sold at reasonable prices Pandharpur Wari The Wari custom was widespread even in Sant Tukaram‟s family. He turned this private event into a social one. It is said that he was followed by 1400 devotees carrying the representational cymbal. On the 8th Day of the waning moon in the month of Jyeshtha (June) Sant Tukaram would go to Alandi to pay a visit to Sant Dnyaneshwar‟s Tomb and on the 9TH Day he would continue in the direction of Pandharpur.After his death, his younger brother Kanhola and later his Son Narayan Baba continued to follow he tradition. On the 7TH day, Narayan Baba would keep Sant Tukaram‟s Padukas (footwear) in the Palkhi (Palanquin), on the 8TH day he would go to Alandi to keep Sant Dnyaneshwar‟s Padukas in the same Palkhi. The next day he would set off on his journey to Pandharpur. The participants in this journey called warkaris. A group of warkaris is called a Dindi and all dindis combined is called warri.

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Fig. 5.2 This custom of warri was followed from 1680 to 1832. From 1829 to 1832 there was a conflict between the children of Sant Tukaram More, on the privileges of servitude. In 1832, Haibat Baba Pawar Arfalkar, a Sardar of Shinde from Gwalior started a separate Palkhi of Sant Dnyaneshwar from Alandi sequentially to avoid the consequences of the conflict in the more family on the whole tradition. From then 134

onwards, Sant Dnyaneshwar‟s Palkhi and Sant Tukaram‟s Palkhi arrive separately to Pandharpur. The order of dindis (groups) with the Palkhis was fixed Sant Tukaram‟s Palkhi procession starts from Dehu and reaches Pandharpur via Aakurdi, Pune. Lonikalbhor, Yavat, Varvand, Baramati, Indapur, Akluj and Wakhri respectively. Sant Dnyaneshwar‟s Palkhi goes throughout the cities of Alandi, Pune, Saswad, Jejuri, Lonand, Faltan, Natepute, Malshiras, Velapur, Shegaon and Wakhri to Pandharpur. Both the Palkhis get together at Wakhri and go on to Pandharpur. In this procession, it is observed that a wide variety of people from all social and economic backgrounds flow into the sea of Warkaris and worship with same fervour and devotion. Celebration of Ashadi Ekadashi In Pandharpur, Wednesday is regarded as the promising day in the week and Ekadashi, the auspicious day in the month. The Aashadi, Kartiki, Magh and Chaitra Ekadashis are the four major festivals of the temple. Out of these four, the first two festivals attract a large crowd about 8 to 10 lakhs. All the Warkaris (pilgrims) visit Pandharpur Pilgrim Centre from allover India including Maharashtra, Karnataka, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Tamilnadu, and Andhra Pradesh. It is a very big long demonstration of Warkaris (Pilgrims) from the various supplementary pilgrim centres from Maharashtra. This wari happens twice a year one during the Hindu calendar month Ashadh (around July) and second in Kartik (around November). Varkari‟s start this journey on bright Ekadashi (11th day by lunar calender) and complete in 15 day to reach Wari to Pandharpur on the immediate next Ekadashi. Varkari are part of Varkari Sampraday, Varkari Stream. In the current form of Vari, Varkari carries Paduka (sandals) from the place of a saint to Pandharpur. They walk hundreds of kilometers to reach Pandharpur. An important event that occurs during journey is „Ringan‟. Literal meaning is circle. In this event, the horse rider traveling in front offers his prayers by coming back to the Palakhi carrying Paduka, with Varkari singing on both sides of path. This „Ringan‟ can be of type „Ubhe/ straight or „Gol‟ – a circular. Spectacular this is a beautiful scene to watch when lakhs of Varkari prepare path for the horse rider within minutes and the horse reaches to the palakhi and returns within blink of eyes. When this starts all Varkari start singing Abhangs louder and everything starts getting the heavenly feeling.

135

Photo 5.3 Ringan Sohala at Vakhari After reaching Pandharpur, Varkari takes a bath in Chandrabhaga river (Bhima River) and go to the Vitthal temple. Not that everyone gets a chance to see Vitthal idol, called Darshan, because the queue is taken around forty eight to fifty hours to reach the main temple area. It is around fifty to seventy Varkari take Darshan per second. Some Varkari just take Darshan of the top of the temple, called Kalas, and go back. Usually Maharashtra Chief Minister comes to offer the pooja at the temple. Management of Wari As the variety of Varkari started increasing day by day, there's a necessity to prepare completely different Varkari groups to avoid problems with „respective‟ position within the Vari. now every tiny cluster of varkari, referred to as Dindi, has their own sequence number in the Wari to Pandharpur, and that they got to walk at selected place only. When palakhi is close to beginning, every Dindi stands at their selected place so start walking in same sequence. By the time the Vari reaches to a stop before Pandharpur, there are around seven to eight lakhs Varkari in Vari. Managing such a large amount of people is large task. This sequencing system works absolutely to manage such a large variety of people. Additionally to the present, arrange of every day is already worked out, and it's followed by each Varkari and Dindi. The Palkhi‟s timetable is well outlined and strictly followed. Early morning once worshiping the Saint‟s footwear, the palkhi sets out specifically at six. A Tutari (wind instrument) is blown thrice to alert the Warkaris. At the primary signal, the Warkaris prepare to depart. At the second signal the Dindis (groups) fill in a queue for 136

the Palkhi procession and at the third one, the procession starts off. once covering four – five klick. the Warkaris halt for half an hour for Breakfast. They then proceed till they stop once more later – now for Lunch after they make their first offerings to the Lord.There is another halt for Tea and at six, when sunset, the procession halts to camp. within the morning, once the palkhi starts off, the dindi line up in the given order. The dindis are positioned ahead and behind the Palkhi, and are given numbers consequently, the first one being the one nearest a saffron flag. it's not bright saffron however instead the color that is got when dipping a mud-coloured material in Kaav (dull Orange – Brown colour). Cymbal players and also the Warkaris follow this flag bearer in lines of four. The Mrudung player and Veena player ar positioned within the middle and at the tip of the dindi severally. The ladies Warkaris, carrying the holy basil plant and a few carrying pitchers of drinkable on their head. There's additionally a large number of Warkaris not belonging to any dindi. They simply are part of the procession carrying their belongings on their head. These people are entirely dependant, for food and shelter, on the residents of the villages along the way. Each dindi had its own water tanker and trucks to hold their belongings that include small tents. The management ensured that these tents are set up and also the meals ready well before the dindis reach the determined spot. Several of the Warkaris, particularly ladies, don't seem to be conversant in activity their morning ablutions within the open. in order that they have to be compelled to rise early within the morning to get prepared before the others awake. They carry wet garments with them and let them dry throughout the primary halt of that day.The dindis additionally decide the order during which the Abhanga are to be sung. You‟ll notice new joined Warkaris reading the Abhangas from books when they're walking. The Warkari who adorns a garland of Tulsi [basil] is named a Malkari. His basic duty is to stay far from meat and alcohol. At the day‟s finish they sing bhajan “Jayajaya Ramkrushna Hari” and Abhangas, and within the evening they pray and listen to sermons that refresh them once the day‟s long and exhausting walk. Now-a-days, the Wari also consists of professors, doctors, businessmen and retired directors in massive numbers. The procession of eighteen – twenty one days reaches the temple city of Pandharpur on the eleventh day of the waxing moon in the month of Ashadh. The Warkaris then bathe in the Chandrabhaga River and worship Lord Vitthal, therefore completing their meaningful journey

137

Food Arrangements Every Dindi includes a truck allotted to hold the bags and food things. Additionally there are few people that are having responsibility to cook food for the people in Dindi. These are the Varkari who are cook by profession principally. These people attempt to reach the place of rest in afternoon or to the place of night stop before the Dindi. They cook keep the food prepared by the time Dindi reaches there for rest. Local people also contribute as per their capability to the food either by donating material or by serving ready food itself. Sometimes the food contains Poli/Bhakari (Bread), curry, two vegetables, rice and one or two alternative snacks. Largely the food is served on disposable plates made from leaves, known as Patravali. Some Dindi have their own stainless-steel plates, whereas some people carry their own plates. Tea and breakfasts are organized in same manner. Water tankers keep supply water to the Dindi along with local people. Some people carry water containers on their head and keep provision to people in Dindi whenever required. Water facility is extremely necessary because the Varkari are walking briskly, singing and therefore the area through that they pass is hotter as compared to rest of the geographic area. Arrangements of Stay Multiple choices are accessible to the Varkari to stay over. Largely there are tents established for the Dindi. Counting on rain situation, some Varkari choose to sleep on the empty grounds/barron lands. It's possible as a result of most of the stopping places are hot at the time of Vari, particularly during the month of June/July. A number of the local people at the destinations provide places to stay. During Stay At every stay, Varkari prepares totally different programs. local people and Varkari gather along to supply prayer known as Samaj – Arati. Apart from Arati, there are several Bhajans, Kirtans and Bharuds given by Varkari. This is often however the teachings of Saints are spread across the Varkari. Throughout the stop, Varkari takes attending and check if something is lost or someone is missing. The missing/found people/things are given to a delegated person known as Chopdar. Chopdar make sure that the missing people reach to correct place. Chopdar additionally communicates the messages from the organizers to respective Dindi throughout stops. He also controls the Dindi whereas walking. If the Dindi is meant to prevent then Chopdar raises a metal stick, known as Dandh and therefore the Varkari in that Dindi perceive that they need to stop currently. Within the morning, people rise 138

early, make preparations to start out the walk. At six O‟ clock, the Palakhi starts for next destination and after 5 to 6 kilometers of walk, it stops for breakfast. Services for warkari Government and different social and personal organizations come out to supply

totally

different

necessary

services

to

Varkaris.

Peoples

from

villages/towns/cities, from wherever the Vari passes through, celebrate the day as a festival. Several hospitals and connected agencies come out to provide medical services whenever required. Transport for old persons that cannot walk all the way, or transport for bags is additionally provided by different agencies. Hair cutting and shaving, repairing shoes, along with the services that offered by native individuals for complimentary.

5.1.2 Shri Siddheshwar Fair, Solapur Solapur city is one of the important cities of Maharashtra State of India. It is located in the southern part of Maharashtra. Solapur city itself Solapur district headquarter. Solapur has its own history. Solapur is transport hub connecting Maharashtra, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. It is well connected by Road and Rail to major districts and cities. The Gramadevata (Chief deity) of the city is Shri Shivyogi Siddheshwar. The "Nandidhwaj" procession celebrated on the festival of Makar Sankranti and on account of it an annual fair locally known as Gadda Yatra attracts large number of tourists which is associated with the marriage of Lord Siddheshwar. Location Solapur city located on 17°39'36"North latitude and 75°55'1"East longitude. It has an average elevation of 458 metres (1502 feet). It is bordered by Ahmednagar district on the north; Osmanabad district on the north and northeast. Climate Solapur falls under the category of dry (arid and semiarid) climate.The city experiences three distinct seasons: summer, monsoon and winter. Typical summer months are from March to May, with maximum temperatures ranging from 30 to 40 °C.The warmest months in Solapur are April and May.Maximum temperatures being 40 °C.or more. The highest temperature ever recorded is 46.0 °C in May 1988. Although summer does not end until May or even the midst of June, the city often receives locally developed heavy thundershowers in May. The city of Solapur 139

receives an average rainfall of 545 mm (21.5 in) per year. Winter begins in November and lasts until the end of February, with the temperatures occasionally dropping below 10 °C. Population As per 2011 census population of Solapur city is 951,118; out of that male and female are 482,194 and 468,924 respectively.In education section, total literates in Solapur city are 710,180 of which 390,335 are males while 319,845 are females. Average literacy rate of Solapur city is 83.88 percent of which male and female literacy was 91.31 and 76.30 percent respectively. About temple The temple, situated in the middle of the lake, is picturesque; with a backdrop of the fort looming behind it. The temple was built by a yogi, Shri Siddharameshwar, who was a devotee of Sri Mallikajuna of Srisailam. He was on his way to Srisailam, when he was ordered by his guru (preceptor) to return to Solapur and consecrate many Shiva lingams (representation of Lord Shiva - the Hindu deity). He duly returned to Solapur and began his work, starting from this temple. In all, he installed 68 Shiva lingams in Solapur. It is believed that Sri Siddharameshwar dug the lake himself, to relieve the dwellers of Solapur from a drought. When all the holy rivers came and asked for permission to reside in the lake, it turned sacred.There is a number of fish in the lake, and the locals consider it holy to feed them.

Photo 5.4 Siddheshwar temple Apart from the main temple, there are various other gods in the temple complex which is considerably huge. Shri Siddharameshwar himself attained Samadhi (a state of deepest trance) in the temple complex itself, and his memorial itself draws 140

a lot of crowds. His samadhi is situated at the center of temple courtyard. The samadhi of saint is open and without any roof or walls unlike most Samadhi temples which are closed shrines. There are also small temple dedicated to lord vithoba and goddess rukmani.The Siddharameshwar Trust looks after the maintenance of the temple, and it is doing a good job. The temple itself is well maintained and clean, when there are crowds, there is a good queue system wherein men and women enter the sanctum sanctorum separately, and they have a shop where they sell books relating the temple‟s history and photographs. Apart from this, the trust runs schools, colleges and hospitals.There is a yatra and fair which happens around this temple every year in January month and is visited by large number of people. A dargah is also situated very close to the temple.The temple is surrounded by a lake. The priests are also very cooperative and will not push you for donation or pooja money. The temple view as you enter inside large and clean temple. There are many trees in the temple complex.. On left and right side there was more space and greenery. There is sitting space in this temple courtyard. Many people visit this temple with their kids. Its a good picnic cum religious spot. The temple is known for its silent and peaceful ambiance. It's a very large temple complex and you have to walk a lot of distance outside the temple to get any resource. There are no compulsory donations. Food is provided free for devotees in annachatra. The temple area is peaceful area to do some meditation. Evening time is very pleasant time to visit temple, but one must visit this temple in night to see the lights and beauty of the temple.

Photo 5.5 Shri Siddheshwar Samadhi

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Table 5.3 Arti schedule of Shri Siddheshwar temple Aarti Schedule Every Monday Every Day

Kakad Arati Trikal pooja

5:30 a.m. 08:30 a.m. - 10:00 a.m. 03:30 p.m. - 04:00 p.m. 09:30 p.m. - 10:00 p.m. Shravan Every Day Kakad Arati 5:30 a.m. Trikal pooja 8:30 am - 10:00 am 3:30 pm - 4:00 pm 9:30 pm - 10:00 pm (Source: Temple committee handbook 2015)

Gadda fair Shri. Siddharameshwar Yatra is being conducted since 900 years. This yatra consists of procession of Nandidhwaja, Akshata and Homa ceremonies which are performed every year during Makar Sankrant. Every year this yatra is held from 12th to

15th

January.

The

actual

function

starts

from

10th

January.

A female devotee worshiped and served Sadguru Siddharameshwar for long time. She was daughter of a Lingadhari potter named Gundayya. One fine day Sadguru Siddharameshwar asked her why was she so intensely devoted and what she intended to achieve. She candidly but politely opened her heart to him saying that she wished to attain spiritual salvation by performing marriage with Siddharama. For Shivayogi Siddharama it was impossible to marry in a worldly manner. However, Siddharama offered his Yoga Danda to her and asked her to marry his „Yog Danda‟. This symbolical marriage was meant for her spiritualism and truth satisfaction. Considering that she has attained the spiritual salvation and supreme bliss, she thought of discarding her mundane body and leave her soul alone, which has now attained pristine purity. Hence she plunged into „Homa‟ (holy fire) as a Sati. These events are observed yearly as Akhata and Homa ceremony. On 10th January, Shete family performs Yoga Danda pooja. Shete family also performs Shri Hirehabbu‟s and Habbu‟s 'Paad-pooja'. On 12th January, the first pooja of Nandikol is performed by Shri. Hirehabbu and Shri Deshmukh. On behalf of Government Shri. Deshmukh presents a Aaher to Shri. Hirehabbu. All the Nandikol's are carried to 68 lingas by the devotees. Devotees carry these huge Nandikol‟s vertically over their abdomen supporting with hands, so that the top most wide portion of Nandikol floats high up in the sky. Shri. Hirehabbu offers vida (betel leaves wrapped around betel nuts) to all the mankaris near Amrut 142

Linga. After offering oil and haldi by the mankari‟s Shri. Hirehabbu performs pooja of each linga, this ritual is known as Yannimajjan. On 13th January, the „Day of Bhogi‟, first pooja of Nandikol is performed by Shri. Hirehabbu and Shri. Deshmukh. Then first Nandikol is decorated with „Bashinga‟ (a ritual of tying strand of flower to the brides and bride-grooms forehead decorated with designs of golden paper) and worshiped in Shri. Hire Habbu‟s Waada. Then a grand procession of Nandikol‟s (Nandidhwaja‟s) and Siddharameshwar‟s „Palakhi‟ is taken through the city. Nandikol‟s are carried by thousands of devotees turn by turn. Finally these are brought to the „Samati Katta‟; which is in the campus of Shri. Siddharameshwar temple. On arrival Shri. Hirehabbu and Shri. Deshmukh perform the pooja of the seven Nandikol‟s.Next, „Sugadi pooja‟ is done by worshiping thirteen Kalasas filled with Gangajal (holy water) followed by Samati pooja. Then Samati is handed over to Shete family by Shri. Hirehabbu and Shri. Deshmukh for reading the Mangalashtak. Then Yoga Danda‟s marriage ceremony is performed, this Akshata Sohala is attended by 2-3 lakh devotees. People offer Bashinga and Coconut garlands to the Nandikol‟s. At night the yatra returns to Shri. Hirehabbu‟s Waada. On 14th January, the Nandikol‟s are taken to Shri. Siddharameshwar temple. There the coating of Karmutagi is applied on the Yoga Danda, Gods idol and to all seven Nandikols and then they are given „Abhyanga Snana‟ (holy water bath). Next the Ganga poojan is performed and Shri. Hirehabbu offer vida to Shri. Deshmukh. One more pooja vidhi is performed by Shri. Hirehabbu in the main Shri. Siddharameshwar temple. Then the Nandikols are returned to Shri. Hirehabbu‟s Waada in the afternoon. In the evening the Nandikol procession starts from Juni Fousdar Chavadi; where the first Nandikol is decorated with a symbol of snake called „Nagfani‟ and other Nandikol‟s are decorated with Bashing‟s. Shri. Hirehabbu performs first Nandikol‟s pooja and all the honoraries are offered „Manacha Haar‟. Then a honored person who is fasting on the same day carries the first Nandikol to Homakatta. There five stems of bajara (pearl millet) are used to create a symbol of the Kumbhar Kanya. She is decorated with shalu and all other soubhagya alankar‟s such as vermillion, green bangles, mani, mangalsutra, jodave and bashinga. Next her lap is filled with auspicious items like dates, betelnut, turmeric seeds, coconut, almonds etc. Then Shri. Hirehabbu performs pooja and gives her agni then she is left into Homa. Then five 143

pradakshina‟s are done to the Homa-Kund by all the Nandikol‟s and then the 'Til Gul' ritual is done at the Shri. Siddharameshwar temple.On the same day the prices of grains are predicated as follows: A six month old calf is starved for one day prior. On the day of the festival various crops are placed in front of it. If it consumes a particular crop, it means there will be price hike of that crop. If the calf „passes water‟ on the occasion it means there will be no scarcity of water and rain will be adequate during that year. The reason behind selecting a calf is the auspicious belief that it represents 36 crores of gods (deva‟s/dieties). The „Gadda fair‟ continues for the month attracting lakhs of people. God Siddheshwar was a great contributor to Lingayata religion and he is considered as one of the six Prophets of Lingayat religion. He gained „Siddhi‟. He was an ordent devotee of God Shiva and he believed to have composed numerous devotional poems.

Siddheshwar yatra is celebrated in memory of a young girl‟s

devotion for Siddharameshwar. Legend is that a young girl wished to marry Siddheshwar after she was impressed by his teachings. But shri Siddheshwar being a Brahmachari denied to marry her and gave permission to marry with his Yogdanda. This symbolical marriage was meant for her spiritualism and truth satisfaction. Considering that she was attained the spiritual salvation and supreme bliss. She thought of discarding her Mundane body and leave her soul alone. Hence she plunged into „Homa‟ as a sati. In this way this symbolic marriage function is celebrated every year on the Makarsakranti for three days on Bhogi, Sakranti and Kinkranti. The Nandi Dhwajas are presumed as Bride and Groom for the marriage. Performing Activities In this fair different activities goes on for a month. For the detailed study these activities are classified under the three groups A. Religious activities B. Entertaining activities C. Economical activities A.Religious activities: The Siddheshwar yatra consist of procession of Nandi-Dhawaja, Akshata Sohala

and

Homa

ceremonies

which

are

performed

Makarsakranti.Every year this yatra is held from 12 th

function starts from 10 January. 1. 10th January ;144

th

every th

year

during

to 15 January. The actual

On this Shete family performs Yoga-danda and Hiehabbu‟s and Habb‟s Paadpooja. 2. 12th January:On this day all the Nandikol‟s are carried to 68 Lingas by the devotees. Devotees carry these huge Nandikol‟s vertically over their abdomen supporting with hands. So that the top most wide portion of the Nandikol‟s floats high up in the sky.After that the „Yannimajjan‟ ceremony is performed by all the Mankaries. 3. 13th January:This is the day of Akshata Sohala. On this day a grand procession of Nadikol‟s and Siddheshwar Palakhi is taken through the city. Nandikol‟s are carried by thousands of devotees turn by turn.Finally these are brought to the campus of Mandir.Next Sugadi Pooja is done by worshipping 13 Kalasas filled with Gangajal. After the reading of Manglashataka by Manakaries the marriage ceremony is done. 2-3 lakhs devotees have attained this ceremony for every year.

Photo 5.6 Akshata Sohala 4. 14th January:On this day the Homa ceremony performed by Mankaries.There five stems of Bajara are used to create a symbol of the Kumbhar kanya. She is decorated with Shalu and all other Soubhagya Alankar‟s.Next her lap is filled wth auspicious items .Then Shri Hirrehabbu performs pooja and gives her agni then she is left into Homa. 5. 15th January: On this day fireworks held at Hom- Maidan.

145

B. Entertaining Activities Besides religious and cultural programmes there is many several entertainment events held as part of Yatra. The popular feature of the Yatra is the fireworks held at Hom-Maidan. The fire crackers of different varieties are brought from various parts of the country. Mainly from states of Karnataka and Aandra Pradesh. The another attraction of the fair is the stalls set-up by small vendor at the venue.There are many entertaining sources available such as Merry-Go-Ground, Rollers and Poasters, Magic games, Puppet shows, Thrilling Bike sport, Jumping Jack etc. As peoples experience these activities they feel relax from the daily worries. Children enjoy the games and food while the elders enjoy the shopping. C. Economical Activities: The fair held for 15-20 days. In these days many economical activities are observed like transportation, accommodation, food, entertainment and other services.Beside these the fair is also famous for Cattle fair which is important economical part of the Siddheshwar yatra.

5.1.3 Shri Swami Samarth Festival Akkalkot Akkalkot is widely known for its association with Shri Swami Samarth Maharaj, held by his devotees to be a reincarnation of Lord Dattatreya. Swami Maharaj lived for over two decades at Akkalkot, mainly at the residence of his disciple Cholappa, where his samadhi (tomb) and shrine are now located. The shrine complex, which is known the Vatavruksh Mandir since it encloses the banyan tree beneath which the swami would preach his message, is the hub of devotions for his followers. The other local shrine is the samadhi of Akkalkoth Swami located some distance from the main shrine, but still within the city limits.Free accommodation and meals are provided to pilgrims by the Shri Swami Samarth Annachhatra Mandal. The taluka is dominated by Kannada speaking lingayat community.Akkalkot is also famous for Gajanan Maharaj's Shivpuri, where Ancient Vedic Therapy Agnihotra is performed. Location Akkalkot is a City in Akkalkot Taluka in Solapur District of Maharashtra State, India. It belongs to Desh or Paschim Maharashtra region. It belongs to Pune Division. It is located 38 KM towards East from District head quarters Solapur. It is a Taluka head quarter. Akkalkot is surrounded by South Solapur Taluka towards west, Solapur 146

North Taluka towards west, Aland Taluka towards East, Afzalpur Taluka towards South Solapur , Tuljapur , Umarga , Osmanabad are the nearby Cities to Akkalkot.. Hasapur, Safale, Kurnur, Hattikanbas, Chapalgaonwadi are the nearby Villages to Akkalkot. Population As of 2011 India census, Akkalkot had a population of 40,103 out of which 20051 were male and 20052 was female. Akkalkot has an average literacy rate of 63%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; with 59% of the males and 41% of females literate. 14% of the population is under 6 years of age. Along with Marathi, Kannada is widely spoken in Akkalkot. Swami's appearance The description of Shri Swami Samarth's appearance has been based on the vivid descriptions given by close devotees. Though he was seen at an advanced age, his skin was not wrinkled. He was very tall and his hands were long, extending up to his knees. His belly was protruding and he had broad shoulders. His complexion was fair and pinkish. He had big ears with thin and long ear-lobes which shook with the slightest movement of his body. He had long feet. He adorned a sacred mark (thilakam) on his forehead. He always wore a codpiece (kaupina). He had a fine set of teeth and a big and deep navel. He always wore a Tulasi-rosary (which is very different from rudraksha) and a crystal (sphatika). He had ear-rings inset with gems. The Manifestation Day of Sri Swami Samarth The day Sri Swami Samarth manifested is taken as Chaitra Shuddha Dwitiya, year 1072 as per Hindu calendar and the month March or April of year 1150 as per English Calendar. Haribhau alias Swamisut the beloved disciple of Sri Swami Samarth had perceived by his divine sight that Sri Swami Samarth had manifested in the form of a Balayogi from a pillar on this day of Chaitra Shuddha Dwitiya, in a village Chhedikhedha near Hastinapur. On this day of Chaitra Shuddha Dwitiya Haribhau would come from Mumbai to Akkalkot and celebrate the anniversary festival of the birthday of Sri Swami Samarth in the presence of Sri Samarth. Based on this lunar day well known astrologer Nana Rekhi had prepared the horoscope of Sri Swami Samarth. Sri Swami Samarth had approved this and then blessed Nana Rekhi with initiation. When Shri Rekhi went to Akkalkot for the first time along with his wife to take Sri Swami Samarth‟s ‟Darshan‟, his wife Sakhubai‟s past life got 147

awakened and she was blessed by the „Darshan‟ of Shree Swami Samarth in the form of Balayogi. That is why the anniversary festival of the birthday of Sri Swami Samarth is being celebrated on Chaitra Shuddha Dwitiya day. Death In the month of Chaitra (April–May) in 1878, the thirteenth day of the darkhalf of the lunar month, Shri Swami died. His body was taken on a procession all around Akkalkot. The Swami Maharaj lived mainly at the residence of his disciple Cholappa, where his samadhi and shrine are now located. About Temple The present temple is built around famous banyan tree. This is the same banyan tree sitting under which Shri.Swami Maharaj used to meditate and preach the followers. The temple consists of main temple, sabha mandap and accommodation. Annacchatra (free meals to devotees) is organized daily (two times in day) by temple authorities. The Swami Samarth Maharaj came to Akkalkot at the beginning of Shake 1779. The total period of reincarnation of Swamiji as the fourth Avataar of Shri. Datta is forty years of which he spent 21 years in Akkalkot. From the historic point of view Shri.Swami Maharaj brought to an end his avatar in Shake 1800. But after three months, he resurrected and appeared before the faithful in Kashi (Varanasi). The holy Samadhi of Shri. Swamiji is located in the house of shri. Cholappa in the place already reserved for it before his bodily demise. This is known as Samadhimath. The spiritual fearless slogan in Marathi „BHIU NAKOS MI TUJHYA PATHISHI AAHE‟ (Don‟t fear, I am with you) is given by Shri. Samarth Swami Maharaj himself.

Photo 5.7 Shri Swami Samarth Vatvrush mandir

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Table 5.4 Shri Swami Samarth temple Timetable Services

Time

Kakada Aarati

5 am

Puja

5.30 am-7 am

Abhishekh

7 am-11 am

Nevadya Aarati

11.30 pm

Gabhara Door will be

1 pm-4 pm

closed Sheja Aarti

7.45 pm- 9 pm

MahaPrasad at

12 -2 pm and 8 -10 pm

Anshnachhatra Source: Temple committee handbook 2015 Table 5.5 Shri Swami Samarth Abhishekh Details Details

Rs.

Abhishekh

50

Laghurudra

500

Chirantan Abhishekh

Rs.5000

Munj

250

Javal

150 Source: Temple committee handbook 2015

Importance of Vatvkrukh Tree(banyan tree) Swamy Samarth Maharaj is 4th incarnation of Lord Shree Dattatreya.The present temple is built around famous banyan tree. Swami Samarth sitting under banyan tree for meditation. He stayed under banyan Tree for 22 years of life. He had taken Samadhi under this tree. Swami Maharaj Samadhi Math(Mandir) Swamy Maharaj visited and stayed at Cholappa‟s House for some time until the King of Akkalkot Sansthan Shri. Maloji Raje began sending money and Rations for looking after Swamy to Cholappa.When Cholappa was prepared to leave his entire family for the sake of Swamy Maharaj, Swamy threw his leather Sandals (Padhukas) on him (Blessings) and sent back to his family. The Padhuka‟s are still in Cholappa‟s home in Akkalkot which is taken to different parts of Maharashtra on procession annually. 149

5.1.4 Shri Mahalingraya Fair, Huljanti Huljanti is one of famous place in three states viz Karnataka, Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh. A place is famous for a big fair of Lord Mahalingaraya (Lord Shiva). The fair is the main attraction which is on the occasion of Divali and millions of people worship Lord Mahalingaraya's "Mundas Darshan" on that day. It‟s a small village located on a sub river of Bhima named Dodda Nala. It is on PandharpurVijapur Highway and 21 km from Mangalwedha. Location Huljanti is a Village in Mangalvedhe Taluka in Solapur District of Maharashtra State, India. It belongs to Desh or Paschim Maharashtra region. It belongs to Pune Division. It is located 60 KM towards west from District head quarters Solapur. 24 KM from Mangalvedhe. 397 KM from State capital Mumbai It is lies on 17°20'34"N latitude and

75°33'15"E longitude.Huljanti is surrounded by

Sangola Taluka towards west, Pandharpur Taluka towards North, Indi Taluka towards East, Jath Taluka towards west. Mangalvedhe, Pandharpur, Sangole, Solapur are the nearby Cities to Huljanti. Climate Winter Season: During Nov month, day temperature raise upto 32 C° and night temperature goes down upto 18 C°. Weather is quite clear during Nov month. According to past year record, there is 1.04cm rain fall every year during Nov month in Huljanti. This month is coldest month in Huljanti. During Dec month, day temperature raise upto 30 C° and night temperature goes down upto 16 C°. There are very few chances of rain during Dec month in Huljanti. According to past year record, there is 0.59cm rain fall every year during Dec month in Huljanti. During Jan month, day temperature raise upto 31 C° and night temperature goes down upto 17 C°. Weather in Feb in Huljanti is good. During Feb month, day temperature raise upto 34 C° and night temperature goes down upto 18 C°. Summer Season During Mar month, day temperature raise upto 38 C° and night temperature goes down upto 22 C°. There are very few chances of rain during Mar month in Huljanti. According to past year record, there is 0.53cm rain fall every year during Mar month in Huljanti. During Apr month, day temperature raise upto 40 C° and night temperature goes down upto 25 C°. Weather is quite clear during Apr month. According to past year record, there is 1.19cm rain fall every year during Apr 150

month in Huljanti. May month is hottest month in Huljanti. During May month, day temperature raise upto 40 C° and night temperature goes down upto 25 C°. Weather is quite clear during May month. According to past year record, there is 2.59cm rain fall every year during May month in Huljanti. Overall weather reviews shows that May is one of the best months to visit Huljanti. Weather in Jun in Huljanti is good. During Jun month, day temperature raise upto 35 C° and night temperature goes down upto 24 C°. Jun month is one of the rainy months in Huljanti. According to past year record, there is 8.83cm rain fall every year during Jun month in Huljanti. Rainy Season During Jul month, day temperature raise upto 32 C° and night temperature goes down upto 23 C°. Jul month is one of the rainy months in Huljanti. During Aug month, day temperature raise upto 31 C° and night temperature goes down upto 22 C°. Aug month is one of the rainy months in Huljanti. During Sep month, day temperature raise upto 32 C° and night temperature goes down upto 22 C°. Sep month is one of the rainy months in Huljanti. According to past year record, there is 11.56cm rain fall every year during Sep month in Huljanti. One should avoid visiting Huljanti during this month as you may face some difficulties due to rain. Weather in Oct in Huljanti is good. During Oct month, day temperature raise upto 33 C° and night temperature goes down upto 21 C°. Oct month is one of the rainy months in Huljanti. According to past year record, there is 7.36cm rain fall every year during Oct month in Huljanti. Population Huljanti is small village located in Mangalvedhe Taluka of Solapur district, Maharashtra with total 1036 families residing. The Huljanti village has population of 5323 of which 2783 are males while 2540 are females as per Population Census 2011.In Huljanti village population of children with age 0-6 is 812 which makes up 15.25 % of total population of village. Average Sex Ratio of Huljanti village is 913 which is lower than Maharashtra state average of 929. Child Sex Ratio for the Huljanti as per census is 821, lower than Maharashtra average of 894.Huljanti village has lower literacy rate compared to Maharashtra. In 2011, literacy rate of Huljanti village was 68.85 % compared to 82.34 % of Maharashtra. In Huljanti Male literacy stands at 79.20 % while female literacy rate was 57.73 %. About Temple Mahalingraya temple is one of most known and famous temple for Hindus and best occasion with thousands of people come together in each Diwali festival and best 151

worship for MUMDAS OF MAHALINGRAYA. The sacred place where, MAHAlINGRAAYA, the holy disciple of "Lord Birdev," repose. Pleased by his serene, honest and brave worship Lord Birudev, an avtaar of Lord Shiva, Gifted him divine visits every year on the occasion of Deewali. This sacred gift is known as "Mundas and Bheti". "Bhandara" and Turban is presented to the temple by lord.

Photo 5.8 Shri Mahalingaraya Gurubhet

5.1.5 Madheshwari Devi Fair, Madha Madha is a City in Madha Taluka in Solapur District of Maharashtra State, India. It belongs to Desh or Paschim Maharashtra region. It belongs to Pune Division. It is located 69 KM towards west from District head quarters Solapur. It is a Taluka head quarter. Location Madha is surrounded by Paranda Taluka towards North, Mohol Taluka towards South, Barshi Taluka towards North, Pandharpur Taluka towards South. Pandharpur, Solapur, Osmanabad, Mangalvedhe are the nearby Cities to Madha. It is located on 18°01′00″N to 75°31′00″Elatitude and

18.0167°N to 75.51‟67‟‟E

longitude. Climate Madha is an undulating plain, irregular in shape; the tops of all the higher ridges, though covered with yellow stunted grass, are bare of trees, and have a barren soil. The watershed crosses the taluka in the direction of its greatest length from 152

north-west to south-east; and the streams flow eastward into the Sina and southward into the BhTma. Excluding the Ashti lake, situated about 15 miles south-west of Madha town, the land is chiefly watered from wells. The climate is dry, and hot winds prevail from March to May. The rainf\ll is most vincertain. Population Madha is small village located in Madha Taluka of Solapur district, Maharashtra with total 2409 families residing. The Madha village has population of 11027 of which 5692 are males while 5335 are females as per Population Census 2011. In Madha village population of children with age 0-6 is 1249 which makes up 11.33 % of total population of village. Average Sex Ratio of Madha village is 937 which is higher than Maharashtra state average of 929. Child Sex Ratio for the Madha as per census is 821, lower than Maharashtra average of 894.Madha village has higher literacy rate compared to Maharashtra. In 2011, literacy rate of Madha village was 82.67 % compared to 82.34 % of Maharashtra. In Madha Male literacy stands at 89.39 % while female literacy rate was 75.61 % About temple Madha is famous for Rambhaji Nimbalkar who lived here and built a fort. The head-quarters of the Madha Panchayat Samiti are, however, located at Kurduwadi. Agriculture is the main source of income for the people of Madha. The principal objects of interest in the town are the fortress and the temple of Madheshwari Devi constructed by the Nimbalkars. Of the fort the wall on two sides and bastions at the four corners remain and the space is used to house the backward Class boarding conducted by the Zilla Parishad. A yearly fair is held at the temple in honour of Madheshwari Devi or the Jagdamba on the full-moon day of Ashvina (SeptemberOctober). As far as the history of Tembhurni, Kurduwadi, Madha , is concerned some medieval Hemadpanti temples and many sculptures can be noticed at these places. Madha is located at nearly 40 kms from Solapur. Madha is famous for Rambhaji Nimbalkar who lived here and built a fort. The head-quarters of the Madha Panchayat Samiti are, however, located at Kurduwadi. Farming is the main source of income for the people of Madha. The principal objects of interest in the town are the (large, very secure place) and the temple of Madheshwari Devi built by the Nimbalkars.Of the fort the wall on two sides and protections (or strongholds) at the four corners remain and the space is used to house the backward Class boarding conducted by the Zilla (area controlled by a church) ad. A yearly fair is held at the temple in honor of 153

Madheshwari Devi or the Jagdamba on the full-moon day of Ashvina (SeptemberOctober). As far as the history of Tembhurni, Kurduwadi, Madha, is concerned some (very old time in history) Hemadpanti temples and many sculptures can be noticed at these places.

Photo 5.9 Madheshwari Temple Madha About Temple Festival Madheshawari Devi Yatra is held in Ashwin month. It is the annual fair and festival at the Madheshwari Temple at Madha in Solapur. This is an important shrine with historical importance. The annual festival attracts thousands of devotees to this important Shakti shrine in the region.Madheshawari Devi Yatra is annually held on Ashwin Purnima Tithi or the full moon day in Ashwin month as per traditional Hindu lunar calendar followed in Maharashtra.

5.1.6 Bhagvant Festival Barshi The Barshi Bhagwant Temple is a famous temple located in Barshi which is the headquarters of a taluka in the Solapur district of Maharashtra. The temple holds pride of place as the only temple in India where the resident deity, Lord Vishnu is addressed as Bhagwant. The Barshi Bhagwant Temple is one of the oldest temples in Maharashtra. Location Barshi is a City in Barshi Taluka in Solapur District of Maharashtra State, India. It belongs to Desh or Paschim Maharashtra region. It belongs to Pune Division. 154

It is located 81 KM towards North from District head quarters Solapur. It is a Taluka head quarter. . Barshi is surrounded by Bhoom Taluka towards North, Paranda Taluka towards west, Madha Taluka towards South, Washi Taluka towards North. Osmanabad, Tuljapur, Solapur, Pandharpur are the nearby Cities to Barshi. Population As of 2011 India census, Barshi had a population of 118,722. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Barshi has an average literacy rate of 71%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; with 56% of the males and 44% of females literate. 12% of the population is under 6 years of age. It had, as per the Census of 1971, a total population of 62,374 souls. History Built in 1245 AD, the Barshi Bhagwant temple attracts devotees with its unique Hemadpanthi style architecture and detailing, which is typical of most of the temples created during that era in this part of the country. The main entrance of the temple is from the East but there are three other entries to the temple from all the sides. The sanctum sanctorum of the Garudkhamb is at the center of the temple. The management of the day to day affairs of the temple is handled by a Panch Committee. The Special Features of the Temple The main idol of Lord Vishnu as Bhagwant is carved out of black stone and is shown holding various items in the hands including a shankh or the conch, the chakra and the mace or the Gada. Just below the right hand is an image of the Lord‟s ardent devotee, King Ambrish. There is an idol of the Goddess Laxmi at the back of the Bhagwant idol. The idol has a Shivlinga on the forehead. On the chest of the deity are the impressions of the footsteps of the Rishi Bhrigu. The idol reflects peace and serenity which attracts devotees in large numbers daily. There are old records showing the grants released by Shri Nanasaheb Peshve in the year 1760, by East India Company in 1823 and by British Government in 1784.The temple management is looked after by a Panch Committee. Badves carry out the work of daily rituals of the temple. The daily rituals include Kakada Arti, Nitya Puja, Mahapuja in the morning, Dhuparti in the evening and Shejarti in the night. Poojas and Rituals There are certain poojas and rituals that are performed daily in the temple for which devotees wait with reverence. These include the Dhoop Aarti, the Maha Pooja and the Kakada Aarti. The rituals end with the Shejarti done just before the doors of 155

the temple is closed for the day. Every morning at five Lord Bhagawanta is woken up with the Kakad arati adorations to the accompaniment of the sound of the cymbals. Several devotees, both men and women, attend these morning devotions. They bring the offerings of sugar, fruits, milk, curds and butter. The traditional honor of the Kakad of Bhagawant Mandir is with Sri Dattatreya Krishnath Patil.

Photo 5.10 Bhagvant Temple Barshi The priest is particular about continuing this convention. It was Sri Bhaurao Tatya Patil who took up the onus of Bhagawant Kakad way back, a tradition that has been passed down the generations.At the time of Kakad arati, the Lord is first adored with ghee lamps and then the priest changes the cloak and offerings of fruits and sugar are made. The lotus feet of the Lord are washed with warm water. Incense is waved, milk offered in silver vessel and then a pancharati performed. After this Sri Ganapati and Varun are worshipped with blowing of conch. The priest puts a blob of butter in Lord‟s mouth. Then He is anointed with milk, curds, ghee, sugar and honey. Lord Bhagawanta is given a bath with water showered out of His silver pail. This water is considered equal in merit to Bhagirathi and sprinkled upon the devotees assembled. After this follows the karpur arati and hymns and praises are sung by the devotees. After the Lord has bathed and put on new clothes, He is given an offering of khichadi. This is being taken care of by the local business community Sri Nanasaheb

156

Budukh and Sri Balasaheb Kokate are looking at this aspect presently.In the afternoon, the Brahmins of town, Deshpande, Joshi, Patil, Deshmukh etc. provide the naivedya/repast for Lord Bhagawanta. The priests bring this from the homes of the respective families. Many are the offerings made on occasions such as Gudi Padva, Dasera and Diwali etc. Festivals and Events The temple sees a huge surge in number of devotees on days like Ashadi Ekadashi and Kartik Ekadashi. There are special poojas and events held here on these days of the year. During the Ekadashi, a large procession is taken out through the village with the idol kept on a Garuda. On every Poornima or Full Moon day, a chabina is taken out. Timings The temple is open for devotees to take darshan of the Lord from 6 AM to 7 PM. All the aartis are conducted by priests at fixed timings. When to Visit The best time to visit Barshi is during the winter months from December through February. The climate is extremely pleasant during January-February. It is advisable to avoid visiting Solapur during the summer season as temperatures can reach as high as 40-42°C with the sun beating down relentlessly. Monsoon season is also a pleasant time to visit the temple and nearby destinations as the place takes a calming shade of green everywhere.

5.2 VISITOR VISITING PLACES 5.2.1 Pandharpur 1. Pundlik Temple Pandharpur The great devotee Pundlik‟s temple is in the River of Bhima. There is Lohadand Teerth (Holy Water) in front of temple about 20 to 25 away. It is believed that a stone launched float here. The height of temple is 65 feet and bradth is 63 feet. The peak of the temple is attractive and artificial. The temple was built by „Changdev‟. Lord Bhate who was the knight of Peshwa reconstructed the temple of Pundlik. There is a Shivling in the sanctuary of the temple. On the Shivling there is the brass idol of Pundlik. The worshippers of Pundlik are from Koli society. The daily rities begins early in the morning. There is a big celebration on Mahashivratri. All

157

rities are done by koli society. Some believe that devottee Pundlik was Brahman from Karnataka. He lived in Melkote village which was situated at 45 k.m. from 'Mysore'. Some history researcher says that the temple of Pundlik is the temple of Lord Shankar. But many say that it has the temple of Pundlik only. 2. Lakhubai Temple Pandharpur Shri Lakhubai Temple (Rukmini Mandir):- It is built on the bank of Chandrabhaga River. It is north ward side of Dindir Van. Formerly there were many trees. Saint Janabai used to gather the cake of cow dung here. The construction of temple is in stone. The idol of Rukminimata is attractive and beautiful. Many celebrations are held here. A very interesting theory has been told about this place. Lord Shri Krishna had intense longing of Radha, Rukminimata did not bear it. So she left 'Dwarka' and came here 'Dindirvan'. She meditated here. Lord Shree Krishna came here to find her. Here Rukmini and Shree Krishna met. She was persuaded by shree Krishna. She gave up her displeasure. The temple was reconstructed in 1780 by Dhondbhat Katake. 3. Ambabai Mandir Pandharpur Ambabai Mandir:- Ambabai Temple was erected on north ward of Lakhubai Mandir. In 1854 this temple was reconstructed by Limba who was a dancer. The original temple was erected by Sidu Koli. There is an attractive and beautiful idol of 'Ambabaimata'. The pious people come here in Navratri Mahostav. 4. Vyas Mandir temple Pandharpur Vyas Mandir/Temple: - Beside of the Ambabai temple there is a ground. On the north ward of the ground there is Vyas temple. The idol of Vyas is very beautiful. This temple was erected by Jyotipantdada Mahabhagavat. Pious people come here on 'Gurupournima'. 5. Tryanbkeshwar Temple Pandharpur Tryanbkeshwar Temple: - The temple is near the Vitthal temple. Kundal Teerth is near from here. At first here is a Sanskrut school. 6. Panchmukhi Maruti Temple Pandharpur Panchmukhi Maruti Temple: - This temple is on 'Datta Ghat'. The height of idol is Seven feet. The idol has five faces. One hand is on its waist. The second hand is giving blessing.

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7. Kalbhairav Temple and Shakamabari Temple Pandharpur Kalbhairav Temple and Shakamabri Temple: - This temple has been erected in a private building. The idol of Kalbhairav is very attractive and beautiful. Beside the idol there are the pictures of servants. On one side there is- the idol of Jogeshwari. Beside this idol there is Shivling. Approximately 400 years before there was a lake. It was called Bhau Teerth. There were idols of Kalbhairav, Mahadev, Ganpati and Banshankari around the lake. There were bath rooms. In the period of Adilshaha the temple was attacked. The stones were taken to Parranda village. In. 1770 this temple was erected by Kokne. Near this temple there is the temple of Banshankari (Shakambari). The idol of Banshankari is very beautiful and attractive. Now in this area there are many shops of jewelers. The idol of Ganesh has been replaced in Master plan of the road. The temple of Shakambari Goddess is an ancient. There are two idols in the temple. One idol is of Shakambari. The idol has 2.5 feet of four hands ornaments are in the neck of idol. The temple was reconstructed in 1775 by Anagal. All arrangements are maintained by Badave. 8. Mallikarjun Temple Pandharpur Mallikarjun Temple: - It is an ancient and lofty temple. The temple has two entrances. Saint Narhari Sonar worshipped this temple. He developed this temple. 9. Holkars Ram Temple Pandharpur Holkar's Ram Temple: - It is on 'Mahadwar Ghat'. The construction of temple is hefty. Ahilyabai Holkar erected this temple. The idol of Ram, Seeta and Laxman are in marble. Beside there is an idol of Ahilyabai Holkar, in the next there is an idol of 'Hanuman. Ahilyabai was devottee of Shiv. So there is Shivling in the temple. Ramnavmi celebration is held on grand scale. Wedding and religious programmers are also held here. 10. Dwarkadhish Temple Pandharpur Shri Dwarkadhish Temple: - The temple is on 'Mahadwar Ghat'. The temple has stone fortification. The temple looks like a fort. The temple has four lofty doors. On the four sides there is open space to the temple. On the entrance door, there are two idols of Jay and Vijay. The stone idol of Murlidhar is an attractive and beautiful. The idol has four hands and silver crown. The construction of the temple was completed in 1249. The wife of Maharaj Daulatrao Shinde of Gwaliyar, Maharaja Bayjabai Maharaj Ranisaheb erected this temple. There are the idols of Shri Radhika, Shri Rukmini, Shri Ganpati, Shri Garud and also Baijabaisaheb. It has been also told 159

that taking the test of safety of the temple, elephants were made to walk on the temple and palace. 11. Takpite Vithoba Mandir Pandharpur Takpite Vithoba Mandir: - On the back side of the Vitthal Rukmini Temple, there is an-other ancient and historical temple of Vitthal. It was erected in 1618 by Ramabai who was Brahmin. She was great devotee of Vitthal. She gave butter milk and flour to Vitthal as a 'Naivedya'. Lord Vitthal delighted on her devotion. He ate the buttermilk and flour. The vision of Shri Vitthal cannot happen an account of rush. The pious people take vision of this idol. There is resemblance between this idol and the main idol. 12. Kala Maruti Mandir Pandharpur Kala Maruti Mandir: - In the road of circumambulation of Vitthal Temple and the Southward of Shri Vitthal Rukmini Temple. There is stone constructed temple of Maruti. It stands on four columns. In 1799 a poor Brahmin erected this temple. His name was Ramchandra. In 1960 a Gujrathi Vaishnav built the pillar, every year Hanuman Jayanti is celebrated here. At first Bhanudas who had brought the idol of Vitthal, established the Vitthal's idol in this temple. Kala Maruti was established for a memorial day of victory. 13. Namdev Mandir Pandharpur Namdev Mandir: - On the road of circumambulation near the Vine alley. Besides the Kowad Ghat, there is' a Namdev Temple. The temple was reconstructed by Keshavraj Institute'. At first the place of this temple was famous for 'Namdev Hill'. Here the great favorite devotee of vitthal Namdev lived. Therefore on this place a lofty and beautiful temple was erected. There are the idols of Namdev, Shri Vitthal and Janabai. Namdev‟s soon handwritten book has been places in this temple. The anniversary Day of Namdev is the main celebration in the Temple. 14. Gopalkrishna Temple Pandharpur Gopalkrishna Temple: - When you go towards to the Vitthal Rukmini Temple from ST. Stand, you get the area of choufala. Here you can see Gopalkrishna Temple which was erected in 1770 by Narayan Nakhare of Indapur. It is on north ward side of Vitthal Temple. In the pilgrimage period all pious people stop here. They sing bhajans. You can see the peaks of Shri Vitthal Rukmini Temples. The celebration of

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'Gokulashtami' is celebrated on grand scale. Here you can see the brass idol of Gajanan. The religious programmers are also held. 15. Shridhar Swami Samadhi Temple Pandharpur On the Kumbhar Ghat there is a temple of Shridhar Swami Nazrekar who was a great devotee of Krishna. He wrote many books on Shri Krishna. They are as „Shivlilamrut‟, Ramvijay. Harivijay „Pandav Pratap‟. Still these books are heartily read by the pious people. 16. Dnyneshwar Temple and Shri Eknath Temple Pandharpur Shri Dnyneshwar Temple and Shri EknathNath Temple: - There are two temples in the North Chowk on the road of circumambulation. One is the temple of Shri Saint Dnyneshwar. Recently the temple has been reconstructed by Dnyaneshwar Maharaj Mandir Trust of Alandi. A beautiful peak has been built on the temple. The brass idol of Dnyaneshwar Maharaj is placed in this temple. Near from here there is another temple of Shri Eknath Maharaj. Eknath Shastri is the main celebration of the temple

5.2.2 Solapur City 1.Bhuikot Fort 2.National Park 3. Sambhaji Talav 4.Rupa Bhavani Temple 5.Mallikarjun Temple 6.Shri Kandoba Temple,Bale

5.2.3 Akkalkot 1.Khandoba Mandir is near to Bus Stand. The place where Shri Swami Maharaj visited and stayed there for three days without speaking or eating anything. To mark this history, Swamy‟s stone Padhukas are established here by the late.Shri Gajanan Maharaj. Also one can remember Swamy‟s love of animals in „Sundari (Monkey)‟s Tomb here. 2.Mallikarujn Mandir This temple is located between Shri. Swami Samarth Samadhi math and MSRTC bus station. This is historical temple in akkalkot. where Shri Swami Maharj visited. 161

3. Sheik Nooruddin Baba was more popular even before 1857 when Swamy came to Akkalkot and his fame had crossed all the limits of religions and castes. Shri Swamy Maharaj used to visit this Dargah and Nooruddin Baba also visited Swamy during Mid-nights. (The closed doors of Banyan Tree Temple automatically open in MidNight). In this Dargah one can find a Brahmin Boy‟s Tomb along with Sheik Noor Baba‟s Tomb. 4.Royal Palace is belonged to the Late His Highness Maharaja Vijaysingh Bosale of Akkalkot Royal State.It was built by Raja Fatehsinh Bhosale. It is now owned by his daughters Rani Sunita raje and Rani Sanyukta Raje. It has wonderfull collection of weapons. 5.ShivpuriAround 2 Km from Akkalkot is another place worth a visit for a traveler on a spiritual quest. The Shivpuri Ashram is a legacy of one of Swami Samarth‟s disciples, Shree Gajanan Maharaj (not the Gajanan maharaj of Shegaon), and his father, Shree Yogindra Maharaj. They were responsible for the revival of the ancient system of Agnihotra, or the maintenance of the sacred fire. The ashram is a serene place, with the Samadhi of the Swamiji and his descendants and disciples. 6.Other places •Shri Jagaruti Maruti temple:- 10 km away from MSRTC bus station. •Ballappa Math :- 1 km away from MSRTC bus station. •Raje Rayan Math :-2 km away from MSRTC bus station. •Joshi Buwa Math :- 1.5 km away from MSRTC bus station. •Hatti Tank :- 1 km. away from MSRTC bus station. •Kashi Vishweshwar, Jeur:- 12 km away from Akkalkot MSRTC bus station. •Hydra:- 30 km away from Akkalkot MSRTC bus station.

5.2.4 Huljanti 1.Shri Kshetr Matruling Ganapati, Siddhapur 2.Shri kshetr Laxmi Dahivade 3.Shri Basveshwar Temple Borale

5.2.5 Madha 1.Shri Kshetr Savatamaharaj Aran 2.Shri Kshetr Chinchgaon 162

5.2.6 Barshi 1.Shri Kshetr SantNath Maharaj Temple,Vairag 2.Shri kshetr Bodale Maharaj Temple Dhamangaon 3.Shri Kshetr Yamai Temple Koregoan.

5.3 FACILITIES AVAILABLE FOR VISITORS With help of field survey, local people‟s interview and questionnaire the researcher has investigated availability of facilities and services at tourist centers in Solapur district. Trust All tourist centers in Solapur district have a registered trust, and all types of services were provided by these trusts. The trusty makes the decision of the provision of necessary services to the development of the centers. The trusty collects annual income of a centre and provides essential services. In the meeting of trusty, they discussed on various issues, suggestions by local people and visitors. Thus the good trusties of tourist centers provide more facilities to the centers and increase the annual income. They also call to concerned department for meeting like P.W.D., Police Department, Telephone Department, State Transport Department and local leaders. Most of the tourists attend the well managed centers of the district, where the fundamental facilities and good services are provided. Nearly 70% tourist centers of the district are well managing this. They are Pandharpur, Akkalkot,Solapur etc. Remaining 50% of the centers of the district have limited services in the centers due to communication gap between the trusty and local management problems. Transportation Services Development of any region is depends upon the development of transport network of the region. Transportation facility provides the link between the producer and consumer. In the tourism transportation is the key factor for promotion of tourism activities .Solapur district as whole ha excellent Road, Air and Rail connectivity to almost all important cities in India.State Transport services are available to all tourist centers .65% visitors were use S.T. bus services in Solapur district.The frequency of buses is serving to visitors. Solapur and Pandharpur are the highest tourist center where buses frequently run. The buses run from Aurangabad, Pune, Nasik, Mumbai, Hydrabad,, Satara,Sangli, Kolhapur and all the part from India. 20% Visitors or 163

tourist also uses private vehicles, like taxi, car, jeep, luxury bus, tempo, rickshaws, trucks etc. Solapur city is headquartering of Solapur district which is connected with central railway. So it is connected to all the main state by railway. 15% visitors were use railway. There is no air port service in district. The following chart shows the road network of transportation in Solapur district Table No. 5.6 Road Transportation network in Solapur District Sr. No

Roads National Highway State highway Main District roads Other district roads Rural routes Total

1 2 3 4 5

Length Of Routes (in Km 177 1572 3011 4101.32 6053.10 14914.42

Source: Socio-economic review of Solapur district 2011.

According to 2011 census total length of all types of roads in the district was 14914.42 Kilometers. Accommodation There are three types of the accommodation available for the tourists in Solapur district. 1.Private 2.Government 3.Other 1 - Private accommodation Hotels and lodges are playing important role in providing accommodation facilities to the tourists at various places. Table shows that the important hotels, lodge in the cities of Solapur district which provides Food and lodging facilities to the tourist. Beside these number of dhabas along the national and state highways in the district providing good quality of food to the tourist. Such as Hotel Nisarg, Hotel Chandrabal Hotel Sunil etc. 2 - Government accommodation Number of government accommodation available in Solapur district. Maharashtra Public Work Department (P.W.D. ), Maharashtra Irrigiation Department (I.D.) and zilla Parishad (Z.P.) have played an important role in to providing government accommodation facilities to the tourists.Department wise and tahsilwise 164

available government accommodation facility details are given in table 5.7. Rest houses in each tahsil are located at different places.Some of them are located at tourist places while some are located near the tourist places.These accommodation facilities are very important to promotion of tourism activities in the district. Table No. 5.7 Government established accommodation in Solapur District Sr.No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33

Tahsil

Name of Establishment

Location

Karmala Z.P. Rest House Karmala Karmala Z.P. Rest House Jeur Karmala Irrigation Dept. Rest House Vadshivane Karmala PWD Rest House Karmala Madha PWD Rest House Kurduwadi Madha Z.P. Rest House Madha Madha Ujani Project Rest House Tembhurni Madha Ujani Project Rest House General Bhimanagar Madha Inspection Bunglow Bhimanagar N.Solapur PWD Rest House Solapur N.Solapur Inspection Bunglow Wadala N.Solapur Irrigation Dept. Rest House Hipparge N.Solapur Ujjani Canal Dept.Rest House Solapur N.Solapur Maharashtra Industrial Rest House Solapur N.Solapur Sainik Rest House Solapur Pandharpur PWD Rest House Pandharpur Pandharpur PWD Rest House Pandharpur Pandharpur Irrigation Dept. Rest House Tisangi Pandharpur Ujjani Canal Dept.Rest House Tungat Pandharpur Ujjani Canal Dept.Rest House Pandharpur Pandharpur MTDC Rest House Pandharpur Pandharpur Ujjani Canal Dept.Rest House Karkamb Pandharpur Z.P. Rest House Pandharpur Mangalwedha Z.P. Rest House Mangalwedha Mangalwedha Irrigation Dept. Rest House Mangalwedha Mangalwedha PWD Rest House Mangalwedha S.Solapur Irrigation Dept. Rest House Hotagi S.Solapur Z.P. Rest House Mandrup S.Solapur Z.P. Rest House Kudal Akkalkot Z.P. Rest House Akkalkot Akkalkot Z.P. Rest House Tadwal Akkalkot Nagar Parishad Rest House Akkalkot Akkalkot PWD Rest House Akkalkot Source: Solapur District Socio-Economic Review (2000-01)

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No.of Suits 04 02 01 02 04 02 02 02 02 29+6 01 01 07 01 02 06 08 02 01 02 6 01 02 02 02 02 01 02 02 03 02 03 03

3 Other accommodation Dharmshalas, Math, Phadas are included in this category. Number of such type of accommodation is established at Pandharpur. Because this is very important religious places in the Maharashtra. On the very low charges or free of charge these type of centers providing facility of residence to the Warkaries and tourist.The following tables shows the location of such accommodation in the district. Table No. 5.8 List of Dharmshalas in Solapur District Sr. No

Name of the Dharmashalas

Location

1

Shinde Sarkar Wada

Pandharpur

2

Saint Gadage Maharaj Maratha

Pandharpur

Dharmshala 3

Murarji Kanaji Dharmshala

Pardharour

4

Lad Shakhiy Wani Samaj Dharmshala

Pandharpur

5

Saint Sawanta Mali Samaj Dharmshala

Pandharpur

6

Maheshwari Dharmshala

Pardharour

7

Shri Kshatriya Maratha Warkari

Pandharpur

Sampraday 8

Yamunabai Sitaram Sarmikar

Pandharpur

Dharmshala 9

Shivling Maharaj Dharmashala

Pardharour

10

Akhil Bharat Padamshali Dharmshala

Pandharpur

11

Narhari Maharaj Dharmshala

Pandharpur

12

Kisan Maharaj Kharadekar Dharmshala

Pardharour

13

Devi Ahilyadevi Holkar Dharmshala

Pandharpur

14

Rumalwala Dharmashala

Pandharpur

15

Jadhavaji Jethabai Sanitorium

Pardharour

16

Vimlabai Chimanseth Aarbuj

Pandharpur

Dharmshala 17

Shri Sant Tanpure Maharaj Dharmshala

Pandharpur

18

Kalisabai Temple

Pardharour

19

Kesharwala Dharmashala

Pandharpur

20

Shankar Maharaj Vanjari Dharmshala

Pandharpur

21

Namdeo Temple

Pardharour 166

22

Lonari Samaj Dharmshala

Pandharpur

23

Mirabai Sirkar Dharmshala

Pandharpur

24

Agari Dharmshala

Pardharour

25

Mulshi Taluka Dharmshala

Pandharpur

26

Saint Gajanan Maharaj Dharmshala

Pandharpur

27

Sarda Bhawan

Pardharour

28

Bangad Dharmshala

Pandharpur

29

Rangnath Maharaj Parbhanikar

Pandharpur

Dharmshala 30

SarvMangal Banglore Yatri Niwas

Pardharour

31

Yatri Niwas

Akkalkot

32

Bhakt Niwas

Akkalkot

33

Muralidhar Temple Dormitory and

Akkalkot

rooms 34

Vatvruksha Temple Dormitory

Akkalkot

Source: Field work 2012-13 Table No. 5.9 List of Phads in Solapur District Sr. No

Name of the Phad

Location

1

Karadkar Phad

Pandharpur

2

Ha.Bha.Pa. Mama Dandekar Phad

Pandharpur

3

Shri Dhondopant Dada Phad

Pandharpur

4

Keshavrao Deshmukh Phad

Pandharpur

5

Ha.Bha. Pa.Guruji Buva Rashinkar Phad

Pandharpur

6

Ha.Bha. Pa.Thakur Buva Maharaj Phad

Pandharpur

7

Ha.Bha. Pa.Dada Maharaj Satarkar Phad

Pandharpur

8

Ha.Bha. Pa.Waskar Maharaj Phad

Pandharpur

9

Ha.Bha. Pa.Aajarekar Maharaj Phad

Pandharpur

10

Gangukaka Shirvalkar Phad

Pandharpur

11

Ha.Bha. Pa.Dehukar Maharaj Phad

Pandharpur

Source: Field work 2012-13

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Table No. 5.10 List of Trust in Solapur District Sr. No 1 2 3 4 5 6

Name of the Trust Ha.Bha.. Pa.Ramakant Kulkarni (kaka) Trust Gangapur Kolhapur Warkari Niwas Shanaishwar Public Trust Shingnapur Temple Trust Gramgeeta Temple Pratishthan Gurudev Sevashram Ha.Bha. Pa. Jaywant maharaj Vishwa Krupa Ashram Saint Parampujya Mataji,Kantadevi Sevashram Karnataka Samsth Warkari Mandal, Chakan Dharmashala Khed Source : Field work 2012-13

Location Pandharpur Pandharpur Pandharpur Pandharpur Pandharpur Pandharpur

Table No. 5.11 List of Maths in Solapur District Sr. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Name of Maths Ha.Bha. Pa.Vadgaonkar Maharaj Math Ha.Bha. Pa Kaikadi Maharaj Math Ha.Bha. Pa Dyneshwar Maharaj Math Ha.Bha. Pa Swamin Samarth Maharah Math Ha.Bha. Pa Zendoji Buva Maharaj Math Ha.Bha. Pa Jaydas Maharah Math Guru Hanumandas Maharaj Math Pundlik Maharaj Math Bankat Swami Maharaj Math Dasganu Maharaj Math Lohiya Maharaj Math Rangnath Parbhanikar Maharaj Math Thakur Buva Maharaj Math Kabir Buva maharaj Math Yogi Harihar Maharj Math Shankar Kandharkar Maharaj Math Jaloji Maloji Maharaj Math Siddheshwar maharaj Math Bhanwaskat Maharaj Math Kunkur Mundekar Maharaj Math Gundoji Maharaj Math Chaturmashi Maharaj Math Ammalnerkar Maharaj Math Chopadekar Maharaj Math Belapurkar Maharaj math Chundamani Maharaj Math Ausekar Maharaj Math Shri Mahaprabhunachi Baithak Maharaj Math Bhajandas Ramtemple Maharaj Math Kendre Maharj Math

Source : Field work 2012-13

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Location Pandharpur Pandharpur Pandharpur Pandharpur Pandharpur Pandharpur Pandharpur Pandharpur Pandharpur Pandharpur Pandharpur Pandharpur Pandharpur Pandharpur Pandharpur Pandharpur Pandharpur Pandharpur Pandharpur Pandharpur Pandharpur Pandharpur Pandharpur Pandharpur Pandharpur Pandharpur Pandharpur Pandharpur Pandharpur Pandharpur

All these Maths, Dharmashalas and trusts provide accommodation facilities to the large number of pilgrim visitors. Parking Facilities For visiting purpose in Solapur district 65% participants use bus service. 15% visitors were use railway. Other 20 % of visitors use their own vehicles like motorcycle, car, jeep or tempo, so they need parking. In the study area 50% tourist centers have good parking service. Remaining 50 % tourist centers have not parking service satisfactory; they are Barshi, Huljanti Madha. Communications Facilities Communication facilities are indicators of the development of the region. The communication facilities includes the Post Offices, Telephone, Mobile, Telegraph Offices.These facilities are important in respect of tourism development. Table shows the available communication facilities in the Solapur district. Table No. 5.12 Tahsilwise Communication facilities No. Of Telephones Sr. No

Tahsil

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Karmala Madha Barshi North Solapur Mohol Pandharpur Malshiras Sangola Mangalwedha South Solapur Akkalkot Total

No. of Post Offices 54 52 65 52 43 53 49 46 27 33 59 533

Indivisual 1619 2438 6372 32493 2339 5022 5913 1828 1396 1281 4340 65041

Common (PCO) 439 653 1042 2356 615 1055 884 374 335 557 733 9043

Source : Solapur District Socio-Economic Review- (2011-12)

Above table shows that the number of post office is more in quantity of urban area like Barshi, Karmala and Akkalkot. Many of Mobile companies providing communication facilities throughout the district. In this way the wide network of communication observed in Solapur district which is helpul to promotion of tourism activities.The communication services are satisfactory working. The television, cinema slides, radio, newspapers, periodicals and posters also other means of communication for the tourism. 169

Police Protection At the time of crowd and fair / festival, in case of mischief and theft, the police department must provide proper services to the tourists at the tourist palaces. Theft or pickpocket is a common phenomenon at all the tourist centers. At other places, theft of cash, jewelry, motorcycle and other valuable things are common incidence. In such cases the police service is very essential for the good maintenance and development of tourism activities. Traffic is also one of the most facing problems to visitors; because of good police service it can be easy. Generally it is found that 80 % of tourist centers have police service is good, they are Akkalkot, Madha Barshi but other of centers are not have adequate police services such as Solapur, Pandharpur and Huljanti. But police force is provided to all tourist centers at the time of fair and festivals. Medical Facilities There are 26 Government hospitals, 17 Dispensaries, 29 Maternity services centers, 96 Primary health centers, 542 Private practitioners, 01 Civil Hospital, 03 Medical Colleges, 250 Doctors and 865 Nurses serving at Solapur district. Modern and well equipped hospitals are located at Solapur city, Akluj, Pandharpur etc. There were mobile van and Ambulance service is also available in every taluka of Ahmednagar district. C.C.T.V and Darshan queue This facility is more over need for religious tourist centers. In the study area there all centers have this queue facility in good manner. At full-moonday, no-moon day, Ekadashi, a death anniversary, fair and festival etc., these times the devotees,pilgrims, visitors, tourist were visited in thousands of numbers. So to control for mob or crowd this facility is important. Because of T.V. close circuit camera the devotees can observe activities in the temple from distance. 55 % of the religious tourist center has this facility like, Akkalkot, Solapur and Pandharpur and 45% of the religious tourist center have not available this facility. Food Facility The private hotels, restaurants were available at all tourist centers. Only two tourist center provide free food to devotees. That is Shri Swami Samarth temple Akkalkot and Shri siddheshwar temple Solapur. Other tourist centers have pay food facility or privet hotels or restaurants are available.

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Toilet facilities The amenities of public urinals, toilets were provided too very few tourist places. The tourists go for their urinal and latrine purposes to the adjoining open grounds and surrounding areas. They require public urinals and latrine amenities. Other Services Drinking water, Shoes Stand and guiding facilities also important to visitors or tourist. Because of good road transportation and electricity supply branded drinking water bottles were available at every tourist centers. The local people or villagers were help to visitors. Shoes stand facility is available at all religious centers in study area. Beside these at night some tourists are interested to spend leisure time for recreation purposes. In the district the recreation facilities are provided at 25% of tourist centers. 75% of the tourist centers still do not have recreation facilities like cinema theatre, touring theatre, video hall and drama hall. But at the time fair and festival all tourist centers were arrange the program like, tamasha (folk drama), bhajan (psalm with musical instruments), kirtan (psalm-telling method with musical instruments), prvachan (sermon), kathas (story of god myth) and cultural programs. These things were saved their tradition and culture. Because of these cultural and social activities the unity of society was preserve.

5.4 PLACEWISE SATISFACTION INDEX Satisfaction index method is used to assess the level of satisfaction of the tourists in this study area. It was necessary to know the views of tourists about the various facilities, which are provided to them at the tourist destination. Such tourist satisfaction assessment of a certain tourist places was essential to modify the tourist programmes and the facilities available at these destinations. The tourists who are coming from different places to the destination may have different behaviors, ideas, views and expectations, but if required facilities are provided to them at reasonable rates, they will be satisfied and it will be helpful to increase the reputation of tourist destination. Present research work is based on sample survey. The questionnaire was prepared to assess the level of satisfaction of the tourists by taking their views regarding the various facilities i.e. Lodging, Boarding, Food, Transportation, Travelling problems and the behaviour of local people.

171

The indicator wise level of satisfaction is calculated and tabulated with the help of following formula. Sli = Satisfaction index for „i‟ th factor Mi = Numerical value for the particular level of satisfaction for the „i‟ th factor Ni = Number of respondents deriving the particular level of satisfaction for the „i‟ th factor N = Total number of respondents For that factor for all levels of satisfaction, final ranks are given according to these satisfaction Indicators. The indicator wise average value is calculated and it is used to compute the satisfaction index. Then the ranks were given to these satisfaction indicators. Satisfaction level of tourists is an important and universally accepted tool for measurement. Here an attempt has been made to assess the level of satisfaction by adopting certain satisfaction methods. This indicator wise distribution of each tourist place.

5.4.1 Pandharpur Ashadi Yatra Table No. 5.13 Number of Respondents at Pandharpur festival Sr.No 1 2 3 4 5

Particulars No.of Respondent Contacted 560 Not Responded 48 No. Of questionnaires issued 512 Non Returned questionnaires 26 Returned questionnaires 486 Source – Data compiled by Researcher

Table number 5.13 shows that the total 560 tourists were contacted but 48 tourists have not responded due to their busy schedule work or they didn‟t want to fill the given questionnaires. Therefore 512 questionnaires were given to the tourists. Out of 512 tourists only 486 questionnaires were returned. Table No. 5.14 Statewise Tourists visited in Pandharpur festival Sr.No 1 2 3 4

State No.of tourists Percentage Maharashtra 426 87.65 Karnataka 35 07.20 Aandra Pradesh 18 03.70 Goa 07 01.44 Total 486 100 Source – Data compiled by Researcher 172

Table number 5.14 shows that the total 87.65 % tourists

visiting at

Pandharpur are from Maharashtra state.7.20% tourists are from Karnataka state while 3.70% tourists are from Aandrapradesh.

STATE WISE DISTRIBUTION OF TOURIST VISITE IN PANDHARPUR FESTIVAL 1% 7%

Index

4%

Maharashtra Karnataka Aandrapradesh Goa 88%

Fig. 5.3 Table No. 5.15 Districtwise tourists visited Pandharpur Yatra Sr.No

District

No.of tourists

Percentage

1

Solapur

174

40.18

2

Pune

108

24.94

3

Sangali

25

05.77

4

Ratnagiri

15

03.46

5

Beed

27

06.24

6

Nashik

21

04.84

7

Aurangabad

30

06.93

8

Others

33

07.63

Total

388

100

Source – Data compiled by Researcher The above table number 5.15 shows that districtwise classification of tourists in Maharashtra .According to data maximum tourists have visited from Solapur, Pune, Sangali, Beed and Aurangabad district. As per surveying proportionate of the other visitors from Buldhana Mumbai, Raighad is less than 8%. 173

DISTRICT WISE DISTRIBUTION OF TOURIST IN PANDHARPUR FESTIVAL 8%

Index

7%

Solapur

5%

Pune

40%

6%

Sangali Ratnagiri

3%

Beed

6%

Nashik Aurangabad

25%

Others

Fig. 5.4 Table No. 5.16 Distribution of tourist according to the purpose of visit at Pandharpur festival Sr.no 1 2 3 4

Purpose of tourists No. of tourists Entertainment 35 Religious 422 Professional 25 Other 04 Total 486 Source – Data compiled by Researcher

Percentage 07.20 86.83 05.14 00.82 100

No. of tourists

PURPOSE WISE CLASSIFICATION OF TOURIST IN PANDHARPUR FESTIVAL 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Entertainment

Religious

Professional

Purpose of tourist

Fig. 5.5 174

Other

Above table number 5.16 shows that there are different purposes of tourist for visit to Pandharrpur. Out of them the main reason for visiting Pandharpur is the religious purpose. Because in the entire district Solapur, Pandharpur, Akkalkot and Akluj are the existing religious tourist destinations are located along with number of emerging and potential tourist destination are located. The Entertainment is the also second highest purpose for visiting Pandharpur while 5.14 % tourists have visited the place for professional purpose. Age and Sex wise classification of tourist Table number 5.17 shows that the age and sex wise data and indicate the 42.59 % tourist from the age group 45 to 60 years which is the major age group of the visitors at Pandharpurt. Second highest visitors are from the age group of 15 to 30 years and their proportion is 25.92%.Less than 9% tourist is above 60 years. Table No. 5.17 Age and Sex wise classification of tourist Visited at Pandharpur festival

Sr.No

Age in Years

No.of tourists

Total Percentage

Male Female Total 15 to 30 65 61 126 30 to 45 59 53 112 45 to 60 108 99 207 Above 60 23 18 41 Total 255 231 486 Source – Data compiled by Researcher

1 2 3 4

25.92 23.04 42.59 08.44 100

AGE AND SEX WISE CLASSIFICATION OF TOURISTS VISITED IN PANDHARPUR FESTIVAL 120

No. of tourists

100 80

Index

60 Male

40

Female

20 0 15 to 30

30 to 45

45 to 60

Age group

Fig. 5.6

175

Above 60

Table No. 5.18 Literacy wise Classification of tourists visited at Pandharpur festival

Sr.No

Education

No.of tourists Male Female Total Illiterate 101 126 227 Primary /Secondary 68 42 110 Graduate and above 86 63 149 Total 255 231 486 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

1 2 3

Total Percentage 46.70 22.64 30.65 100

Table number 5.18 and Fig. no 5.7 reveals the data of literacy status of tourists. As per survey it is observed

that most of the tourists visits Pandharpur in

religious point of view and out of these more than 40% are illiterate. There are only 30.65 % tourist are graduate.

No. of tourists

LITERACY WISE CLASSIFICATION OF TOURIST VISITED IN PANDHARPUR FESTIVAL 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0

Index Male Female

Illiterate

Primary /Secondary

Graduate and above

Literacy

Fig. 5.7 Table No. 5.19 Occupation wise classification of tourist visited at Pandarpur festival Sr.No

Occupation

No. Of tourists

Percentage of tourists

1

Agriculture

198

40.74

2

Business

49

10.08

3

Employees

93

19.13

4

Professionals

68

13.99

5

Students

78

16.05

Total

486

100

(Source- Data compiled by Researcher) The occupation wise classification of the tourists is given in table number 5.19 and Fig. no 5.8. According to the analysis of the data 40.74% and 10.08% tourists are

176

from farmers and business respectively. 19.13 % tourist from employees and professionals are 13.99%. OCCUPATIONAL WISE DISTRIBUTION OF TOURIST VISITED IN PANDHARPUR FESTIVAL Index

16%

Agriculture 41% 14%

Business Employees Professionals Students

19% 10%

Fig. 5.8 Table No. 5.20 Frequencies of tourists visited at Pandarpur festival Sr.No

Frequency

No.of tourist

Percentage

1

First Visit

105

21.60

2

Second Visit

167

34.36

3

Third Visit

89

18.31

4

Visit Many times

125

25.72

Total

486

100

(Source- Data compiled by Researcher) The classification of the tourists calculated on the basis of their visiting frequency to a place it was observed that 21.60% tourists have visited first time to Pandharpur festival where as 34.36% tourists were given second time visit to place.25.72% tourists visit a place frequently. Table No. 5.21 Uses of modes of transportation of tourists visited at Pandarpur festival

Sr.no 1 2 3 4

Mode of transportation No.of tourist Percentage M.S.R.T.C 95 19.54 Railway 42 08.64 Private Vehicle 85 17.49 Walking 264 54.32 Total 486 100 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher) 177

According to survey it is observed that the accessibility is good at Pandharpur. MSRTC buses provide daily service to different tourist destination . Private and haired cars, jeeps can also be used to reach that place from any part of Maharashtra and India. Table 5.21 reveals that there are 17.49 % tourists have used private vehicles to visit the destination. 19.54 % tourists have used MSRTC service as mode of transportation to reach the destination. 8.64% tourists have used railway facilities as mode of transport. And 54.32 % tourists who were from nearby areas have been preferred by walking to visit the place.

USE OF MODE OF TRANSPORTATION OF TOURIST VISITED AT PANDHARPUR FESTIVAL

Index

20%

M.S.R.T.C 9%

Railway Private Vehicle

54% 17%

Walking

Fig. 5.9 Table No. 5.22 Uses of Accommodation facilities by tourists visited at Pandarpur festival Sr.No 1 2 3 4 5

Type of Accommodation No of tourists Percentage Bhakt Niwas 184 37.86 Hotel 33 06.79 Private House 44 09.05 Friends/Relatives house 35 07.20 Day tripper 190 39.09 Total 486 100 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

178

USE OF ACCOMODATION FACILITIES OF TOURIST VISITED AT PANDHARPUR FESTIVAL

No. of tourists

200 150 100 50 0 Bhakt Niwas

Hotel

Private House

Friends/Relatives house

Day tripper

Accomodation

Fig. 5.10 For

the

accommodation

purpose

the

Hotels,

Lodge,

Math,

Trust,Dharmshala,Bhaktnivas etc. facilities are available in Pandharpur But at the time of festivals it is difficulty to gate accommodation. Because more than 8 Lakh of pilgrims visit Pandharpur which create presser on the accommodation. Table number 5.17 shows that 39.09% tourists are day trippers; whereas 7.20% tourists have preferred to stay with their relatives or friends house. 9.05% tourist have used private house and hotel to stay and 37.86% tourist used Dharmshala or Bhakt niwas facility to halt at tourist destinations. Table No. 5.23 Factor wise satisfaction index of tourist visited at Pandarpur festival

Sr.No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Factor

Excellent

Good

Satisfactory

Transport 108 193 98 Accommodation 93 77 189 Darshan Facility 39 86 141 Food 82 27 118 Parking 48 99 135 Hygiene and Health 12 63 68 Security 96 112 190 Local people 100 142 178 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

Unsatisfactory 87 127 220 159 204 343 88 66

Total 486 486 486 486 486 486 486 486

By considering the Transport, accommodation, food and Drinking water,, Health and hygiene, , Darshan facility , parking facility and security etc pilgrims or tourist were requested to express their satisfaction in the points (out of 10) and the classification was done on the basis of points 8-10 for excellent, 6 to 8 for good 4 to 6

179

for satisfactory and 0-4 points for unsatisfactory. It can be seen from the table number 5.18 that out of 486 pilgrims. Table No. 5.24 Numerical Values of tourists Sr. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Factor

Excellent

Good

Satisfactory

Transport 8.93 6.99 5.19 Accommodation 8.88 7.11 5.02 Darshan Facility 8.72 7.02 4.04 Food 8.82 6.91 4.87 Parking 8.55 6.83 6.65 Hygiene and Health 8.40 7.10 5.30 Security 8.67 6.46 4.73 Local people 8.62 6.76 5.06 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

Unsatisfactory 2.46 2.32 2.12 2.49 2.66 2.15 1.52 2.50

The average value for the different levels of satisfaction was calculated by multiplying these values by respective frequencies gives total satisfaction. When total satisfaction is divided by total frequency of the respective factor give the satisfaction index for the factor. Table No. 5.25 Factor Wise Satisfaction Index (Points Out Of 10) and Their Rank

Sr.No Factor 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Total Satisfaction Positional Satisfaction index (SI) Rank Transport 3039.2 6.25 1 Accommodation 2619.6 5.39 3 Darshan Facility 1979.5 4.07 7 Food 2569.9 5.29 5 Parking 2565.8 5.28 6 Hygiene and Health 1643.1 3.38 8 Security 2592.3 5.33 4 Local people 2889.8 5.95 2 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

It is observed from table number 5.25 that Transport facility has ranked highest followed by Local people, Accommodation, Security, Food, Darshan facility. Out of 486 pilgrims contacted have stated that they have unsatisfied about Darshan queue facility,security, Health and Hygiene.

Factor wise Order of Importance Attached by tourists: The pilgrims are also to give above facilities better for them. It could be seen from table number 5.26 that out of 486 pilgrims‟ respondents 89 assigned 1st order, 180

152 assigned 2nd order, 170 assigned 3rd order and 75 assigned 4th order of importance for transport facility. The relevant Fig. for the other factors could be seen from the table. Table No. 5.26 Order of Importance by tourist visited at Pandarpur Yatra Sr. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Factor Transport Accommodation Darshan Facility Food Parking Hygiene and Health Security Local people

Order of Importance 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 89 152 170 75 175 108 87 116 241 85 129 31 131 77 166 112 198 109 104 75 232 116 97 41 141 157 137 51 35 52 96 303

Total Relative Importance (RI) ( Points Out of 10) 486 3290 6.77 486 3304.1 6.80 486 3660.8 7.53 486 3293.3 6.78 486 498.3 7.20 486 3744 7.70 486 3190 6.56 486 2336.6 4.81

(Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

To calculate relative importance index 10 points are given to 1st order of importance, 7.5 points for 2nd order of importance, 5 points for 3rd order of importance, 2.5 points for 4th order of importance. It could be seen that the maximum points are given to Health Hygiene followed by Darshan facility, Parking, Accommodation, transport, safety etc. Factor Wise Ultimate Satisfaction of tourists visited at Pandarpur Yatra The ultimate satisfaction of the pilgrims of Pandharpur festival

depends on

both order of importance of a particular and satisfaction derived from the respective factor. Ultimate satisfaction Index was calculated by using both satisfaction index and relative importance index. Table No. 5.27 Ultimate Satisfaction of tourist Sr.No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Factor Transport Accommodation Darshan Facility Food Parking Hygiene and Health Security Local people

Points out of 10 SI RI 6.25 6.77 5.39 6.80 4.07 7.53 5.29 6.78 5.28 7.20 3.38 7.70 5.33 6.56 5.95 4.81

SI x RI

(Source- Data compiled by Researcher) 181

42.31 36.65 30.64 35.86 38.01 26.02 34.96 28.61

ΣSI x RI / ΣRI = 5.04 Ultimate satisfaction index of tourist of Pandharpur is 5.04 out of 10 points. This is satisfactory level of satisfaction but further improvement is essential by providing better and better services for the Pandharpur tourists.

5.4.2. Solapur Shri Siddheshwar fair Table No. 5.28 Number of Respondents visited at Solapur Fair Sr.No 1 2 3 4 5

Particulars No.of Respondent Contacted 418 Not Responded 23 No. Of questionnaires issued 395 Non Returned questionnaires 36 Returned questionnaires 359 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

Table 5.28 shows that the total 418 tourists were contacted but 23 tourists have not responded due to their busy schedule work or they didn‟t want to fill the given questionnaires .Therefore 395 questionnaires were given to the tourists. Out of 395 tourists only 359 questionnaires were returned.

Table No. 5.29 Statewise Tourists visited at Solapur fair Sr.No 1 2 3 4 5 6

State No.of tourists Maharashtra 298 Karnataka 24 Aandrapradesh 14 Uttarpradesh 08 Gujrat 07 Rajsthan 08 Total 359 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

Percentage 83.01 06.68 03.91 02.22 01.95 02.22 100

The information collected from the questionnaires shows that 83.01% tourists ( table 5.29 and fig.5.11) are from the Maharashtra and only 16.99% tourists are from out of the Maharashtra state.It reveals that the most of tourists out of Maharashtra state comes from Karnataka and Aandrapradesh states.

182

STATE WISE CLASSIFICATION OF TOURIST VISITED IN SOLAPUR FAIR 4% 2%

2% 2%

Index Maharashtra

7%

Karnataka Aandra Pradesh Uttar Pradesh Gujrat 83%

Rajsthan

Fig. 5.11 Table No. 5.30 Districtwise tourists visited Solapur fair Sr.No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

District No.of tourists Solapur 163 Pune 40 Mumbai 31 Kolhapur 18 Nashik 13 Osmanabad 16 Others 17 Total 298 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

Percentage 54.69 13.42 10.40 06.04 04.36 05.37 05.70 100

DISTRICT WISE CLASSIFICATION OF TOURIST VISITED AT SOLAPUR FAIR 4%

5%

6%

Index Solapur Pune

6%

Mumbai 10%

55%

Kolhapur Nashik

14%

Osmanabad Others

Fig. 5.12 Districtwise classification of tourists in Maharashtra is given in table 5.30. According to data maximum tourists have visited from Solapur district and their 183

percentage was 54.69.As per survey proportionate of the other visitors were Pune 13.42%, Mumbai 10.40%, Kolhapur 6.04%, Nashik 4.36% and others 5.70%. Table No. 5.31 Distribution of tourist according to the purpose of visit in Solapur fair

Sr.no 1 2 3 4

Purpose of tourists No. of tourists Percentage Entertainment 293 81.62 Religious 35 09.74 Professional 23 06.41 Other 8 02.23 Total 359 100 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

No. of tourist

PURPOSE WISE DISTRIBUTION OF TOURIST VISITED IN SOLAPUR FAIR 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Entertainment

Religious

Professional

Other

Purpose of visit

Fig. 5.13 Table 5.31 and fig. 5.13, is concerned with the classification of tourists according to their purpose of visit. 81.62% tourists have come for Entertainment purpose.9.74% tourists have come for religious purpose while 6.41% tourists have visited Solapur fair for professional purposes.

Age and Sex wise classification of tourist The table 5.32 and fig.5.14 shows that the age and sex wise classification of tourists. Data indicate the 38.99% tourist from the age group 15 to 30 years which is the highest age group of the visitors at Solapur fair. Second highest visitors are from the age group of 45 to 60 years and their proportion is 34.26%. Less than 5% tourist is above 60 years.

184

Table No. 5.32 Age and Sex wise classification of tourist at Solapur fair Sr.No

Age in Years

No.of tourists

Total

Male

Female

Total

Percentage

1

15 to 30

61

79

140

38.99

2

30 to 45

37

43

80

22.28

3

45 to 60

54

69

123

34.26

4

Above 60

12

04

16

04.46

Total

164

195

359

100

(Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

No. of tourist

AGE AND SEX WISE CLASSIFICATION OF TOURIST VISITED IN SOLAPUR FAIR 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

Index Male Female

15 to 30

30 to 45

45 to 60

Above 60

Age group

Fig. 5.14

Table No. 5.33 Literacy wise Classification of tourists at Solapur fair Sr.No Education 1 2 3

No.of tourists Male Female Total Illiterate 28 42 70 Primary /Secondary 85 106 191 Graduate and above 51 47 98 Total 164 195 359 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

Total Percentage 19.49 53.20 27.29 100

In table 5.33 and fig.5.15, literacy proportionate of the tourists is shown.Maximum

tourists

were

educated.

27.29%

tourists

were

highly

qualified.Whereas 53.20% tourists have completed their primary and secondary education and only 19.49 % tourists were illiterate on total tourists. 185

LITERACY WISE CLASSIFICATION OF TOURIST VISITED IN SOLAPUR FAIR 120 No. of tourist

100 80 60 40

Male

20

Female

0 Illiterate

Primary /Secondary Graduate and above Literacy

Fig. 5.15 Table No. 5.34 Occupation wise classification of tourist at Solapur fair Sr.No 1 2 3 4 5

Occupation No. Of tourists Percentage of tourists Agriculture 55 15.32 Business 40 11.14 Employees 88 24.51 Professionals 46 12.81 Students 130 36.21 Total 359 100 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

The occupation wise classification of the tourists is given in table 5.34 and fig. 5.16. According to the table 15.32% tourists were farmers, 11.14% tourists were businessmen and 24.51% tourists were employees. Where as 12.81% tourists were professional as well as 36.21 tourists were from student‟s category.

No. of tourist

OCCUPATIONAL WISE CLASSIFICATION OF TOURIST VISITED IN SOLAPUR FAIR 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Agriculture

Business

Employees Professionals Occupation

Fig. 5.16

186

Students

Table No. 5.35 Frequencies of tourists at Solapur Fair Sr.No 1 2 3 4

Frequency No.of tourist First Visit 25 Second Visit 68 Third Visit 76 Visit many times 190 Total 359 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

Percentage 06.96 18.94 21.17 52.92 100

Classification of the tourists has made on the basis of their visiting frequency to a Solapur fair. The table 5.30 shows that 6.96% tourists have visited first time to the place, where as 18.94% tourists were given second visit to the place, where as 21.17% tourists given their third visit.52.92% tourists were visit a place many times. Table No. 5.36 Uses of modes of transportation of tourists at Solapur fair Sr.no 1 2 3 4

Mode of transportation No.of tourist M.S.R.T.C 71 Railway 32 Private Vehicle 114 Walking 142 Total 359 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

Percentage 19.77 08.91 31.75 39.55 100

Table 5.36 and fig. 5.17, reveals the data on mode of transport used by the tourists to visit the place.According to the survey it was observed that 31.75% tourists have used private vehicles to visit the destination.19.77% tourists have used MSRTC services as mode of transport to reach the destination..8.91 % tourists used railway transportation as a mode of transport.

USE OF MODE OF TRANSPORTATION OF TOURIST IN SOLAPUR FAIR 20%

Index

39% 9%

32%

Fig. 5.17

187

M.S.R.T.C Railway Private Vehicle Walking

Table No. 5.37 Uses of Accommodation facilities by tourists at Solapur Sr.No

Type of Accommodation

No of tourists

Percentage

1

Bhakt Niwas

15

04.17

2

Hotel

37

10.30

3

Private House

40

11.15

4

Friends/Relatives house

64

17.83

5

Day tripper

203

56.55

Total

359

100

(Source- Data compiled by Researcher) For the accommodation purpose the Hotels, Lodge, Math, Trust, Dharmshala, Bhaktnivas etc. facilities are available in Solapur. But at the time of fair it is difficulty to gate accommodation, because more than3 Lakh of pilgrims visit Solapur which create pressure on the accommodation. Table shows that 56.55% tourists are day trippers; whereas 17.83% tourists have preferred to stay with their relatives or friends house. 11.15% tourist has used private house and hotel to stay and 4.17% tourist used Dharmshala or Bhakt niwas facility to halt at tourist destinations.

No. of tourist

250

USE OF ACCOMMODATION BY TOURIST IN SOLAPUR YATRA

200 150 100 50 0 Bhakt Niwas

Hotel

Private House

Friends/Relatives house

Day tripper

Accomodation type

Fig. 5.18 By considering the Transport, accommodation, food and Drinking water,, Health and hygiene, ance, Darshan facility , parking facility and security etc pilgrims or tourist were requested to express their satisfaction in the points (out of 10). The classification was done on the basis of points 8-10 for excellent, 6 to 8 for good 4 to 6

188

for satisfactory and 0-4 points for unsatisfactory. It can be seen from the table that out of 359 pilgrims. Table No. 5.38 Factorwise Facilities of Satisfaction Index Sr. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Factor

Excellent

Good

Satisfactory

Unsatisfactory Total

Transport Accommodation Darshan Facility Food Parking Hygiene and Health Security Local people

150 87 112 112 164 42 129 111 94 73 153 97 40 79 76 49 70 110 40 67 149 93 92 138 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher) Table No. 5.39 Numerical Values of tourists

Sr. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Factor Transport Accommodation Darshan Facility Food Parking Hygiene and Health Security Local people

Excellent

Good

10 41 25 36 164 130 103 36

Satisfactory

8.94 6.64 5.00 9.48 6.67 5.12 8.90 5.53 4.88 8.46 6.59 4.76 8.96 6.51 5.31 8.88 7.09 4.93 9.06 7.06 5.01 8.86 6.48 4.60 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

359 359 359 359 359 359 359 359

Unsatisfactory 3.14 1.97 3.13 2.20 1.50 2.46 1.58 2.48

The average value for the different levels of satisfaction was calculated by multiplying these values by respective frequencies gives total satisfaction. When total satisfaction is divided by total frequency of the respective factor give the satisfaction index for the factor. Table No. 5.40 Factor Wise Satisfaction Index (Points Out of 10) and Their Rank

Sr.No Factor 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Total Satisfaction Positional Satisfaction index (SI) Rank Transport 2833.3 7.88 1 Accommodation 2457.0 6.83 2 Darshan Facility 2301.8 6.39 3 Food 2168.9 6.03 4 Parking 1525.8 4.24 8 Hygiene and Health 1798.7 5.00 6 Security 1753.9 4.87 7 Local people 2144.9 5.96 5 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher) 189

It is observed from table that Transport facility have ranked highest followed by Accommodation, Food, Darshan facility. Out of 359 pilgrims contacted 336 have stated that they have satisfied about Transport and they have unsatisfied about Parking, security, Health and Hygiene.

Factor wise Order of Importance Attached by tourists: The pilgrims are also to give above facilities better for them. It could be seen from table that out of 359 pilgrims‟ respondents 112 assigned 1st order, 95 assigned 2nd order, 65 assigned 3rd order and 87 assigned 4th order of importance for transport facility. Out of 359 pilgrims respondents 131 assigned 1st order, 146 assigned 1st order, 83 assigned 1st order and 161 assigned first order to Parking, Darshan, Accomodation, food facility respectively. The relevant figure for the other factors could be seen from the table. Table No. 5.41 Order of Importaance by tourist Sr. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Factor

Order of Importance 1st 2nd 3rd 4th

Total

Relative Importance (RI)and ( Points Out of 10) Transport 112 95 65 87 359 2376.6 6.60 Accommodation 83 95 130 51 359 2324.1 6.46 Darshan Facility 146 85 95 33 359 2659.1 7.39 Food 161 97 65 36 359 2762.4 7.68 Parking 131 99 94 35 359 2617.5 7.27 Hygiene and Health 132 127 84 16 359 2739.1 7.61 Security 135 96 44 84 359 2368.0 6.47 Local people 42 93 125 99 359 1998.3 5.55 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher) To calculate relative importance index 10 points are given to 1st order of

importance, 7.5 points for 2nd order of importance, 5 points for 3rd order of importance, 2.5 points for 4th order of importance. It could be seen that the maximum points are given to food followed by Hygeine and health, Darshan facility, transport, safety etc.

Factor Wise Ultimate Satisfaction The ultimate satisfaction of the pilgrims of Solapur fair depends on both order of importance of a particular and satisfaction derived from the respective factor. Ultimate satisfaction Index was calculated by using both satisfaction index and relative importance index.

190

Sr.No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Table No. 5.42 Ultimate Satisfaction of tourist Factor Points out of 10 SI x RI SI RI Transport 7.88 6.60 52 Accommodation 6.83 6.46 44.12 Darshan Facility 6.39 7.39 47.22 Food 6.03 7.68 46.31 Parking 4.24 7.27 30.82 Hygiene and Health 5.00 7.61 38.05 Security 4.87 6.47 31.50 Local people 5.96 5.55 33.07 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher) ΣSI x RI / ΣRI = 5.87

Ultimate satisfaction index of tourist of Solapur fair is 5.46 out of 10 points. This is satisfactory level of satisfaction but further improvement is essential by providing better and better services for the Solapur tourists.

5.4.3 Shri Swami Samarth Festival, Akkalkot Table No. 5.43 Number of Respondents Sr.No

Particulars

No.of Respondent

1

Contacted

450

2

Not Responded

25

3

No. Of questionnaires issued

425

4

Non Returned questionnaires

34

5

Returned questionnaires

389

(Source- Data compiled by Researcher) Table 5.43 shows that the total 450 tourists were contacted but 25tourists have not repsonded due to their busy schedule work or they didn‟t want to fill the given questionnaires. Therefore 425 questionnaires were given to the tourists. Out of 425 tourists only 389 questionnaires were returned. Table No. 5.44 Statewise Tourists visited Akkalkot Festival Sr.No

State

No.of tourists

Percentage

1

Maharashtra

344

88.43

2

Karnataka

27

06.94

3

Aandrapradesh

18

04.63

Total

389

100

(Source- Data compiled by Researcher) 191

The information collected from the questionnaires shows that 88.43% tourists ( table 5.44 and fig.5.21) are from the Maharashtra and only 11.57% tourists are from out of the Maharashtra state.It reveals that the most of tourists out of Maharashtra state comes from Karnataka and Aandrapradesh states. STATE WISE CLASSIFICATION OF TOURIST VISITED IN AKKALKOT FESTIVAL 5% 7%

Index Maharashtra Karnataka Aandrapradesh 88%

Fig. 5.19 Table No. 5.45 Districtwise tourists visited at Akkalkot Festival Sr.No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

District No.of tourists Percentage Solapur 192 55.81 Pune 44 12.79 Mumbai 32 09.30 Satara 23 06.67 Ratnagiri 28 08.14 Ahmednagar 14 04.07 Others 11 03.19 Total 344 100 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

DISTRICT WISE CLASSIFICATION OF TOURIST VISITED IN AKKALKOT FESTIVAL 4% 3%

Index Solapur

8%

Pune

7% 9%

Mumbai 56%

13%

Satara Ratnagiri Ahmednagar Others

Fig. 5.20 192

The above table 5.45 shows that maximum visiting tourists at Akkalkot are from Solapur Pune, Mumbai, and Ratnagiri. As per surveying proportionate of the other visitors from Buldhana, Satara, Raighad, Ahmednagar etc is less as compared to Pune andSolapur. Table No. 5.46 Distribution of tourist according to the purpose of visit at Akkalkot Festival Sr.no Purpose of tourists No. of tourists Percentage 1 Entertainment 66 16.96 2 Religious 220 56.56 3 Professional 72 18.51 4 Other 31 07.96 Total 389 100 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher) DISTRIBUTION OF TOURIST ACCORDING TO PURPOSE OF VISIT IN AKKALKOT FESTIVAL

No. of tourist

250 200 150 100 50 0 Entertainment

Religious

Professional

Other

Purpose

Fig. 5.21 Table 5.46 and Fig. 5.21 shows that there are different purposes of tourists for visit to Akkalkot Festival. Out of them the main reason for visiting Akkalkot is the religious purpose. 56.56% tourists were visits to Akkalkot for religious purpose.16.96% tourists were visited Akkalkot for enteartainment purpose while 18.52% tourists were visits Akkalkot for professional purpose.

Age and Sex wise classification of tourist The table 5.47 and fig.5.22 shows that the age and sex wise classification of tourists. Data indicate the 35.22% tourist from the age group 45 to 60 years which is the highest age group of the visitors at Akkalkot festival. Second highest visitors are from the age group of above 60 years and their proportion is 30.84%. 193

Table No. 5.47 Age and Sex wise classification of tourist at Akkalkot Festival Sr.No

Age in Years

1 2 3 4

15 to 30 30 to 45 45 to 60 Above 60 Total

120

No.of tourists Male Female Total 31 39 70 36 26 62 41 96 137 70 50 120 178 211 389 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

Total Percentage 17.99 15.94 35.22 30.84 100

AGE AND SEX WISE CLASSIFICATION OF TOURIST VISITED IN AKKALKOT FESTIVAL

No. of tourist

100 80

Index

60

Male

40

Female

20 0 15 to 30

30 to 45

45 to 60

Above 60

Age

Fig. 5.22 Table No. 5.48 Literacy wise Classification of tourists at Akkalkot Festival Sr.No 1 2 3

Education Illiterate Primary /Secondary Graduate and above Total

Male 75 63 40

No.of tourists Female 79 67

Total 154 130

65

105

178 211 389 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

Total Percentage 39.58 33.42 27.00 100

In table 5.48 and fig.5.23, literacy proportionate of the tourists is shown.Maximum

tourists

were

educated.

27.00%

tourists

were

highly

qualified.Whereas 33.420% tourists have completed their primary and secondary education and 39.58 % tourists were illiterate on total tourists.

194

No. of tourist

LITERACY WISE CLASSIFICATION OF TOURIST IN AKKALKOT FESTIVAL 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

Index Male Female

Illiterate

Primary /Secondary Graduate and above Literacy

Fig. 5.23 Table No. 5.49 Occupation wise classification of tourist at Akkalkot Festival Sr.No 1 2 3 4 5

Occupation No. Of tourists Percentage of tourists Agriculture 129 33.16 Business 58 14.91 Employees 63 16.19 Professionals 21 05.39 Students 118 30.34 Total 389 100 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

The occupation wise classification of the tourists above table shows that 33.16% and 14.91 % tourists are from farmers and business respectively. 16.19 % tourist from employees and professionals are 5.39%, where as 30.34% tourists from students category. OCCUPATIONAL WISE CLASSIFICATION OF TOURIST VISITED AT AKKALKOT FESTIVAL Index 30%

33%

Agriculture Business Employees Professionals

6% 16%

15%

Fig. 5.24 195

Students

Table No. 5.50 Frequencies of tourists at Akkalkot Festival Sr.No 1 2 3 4

Frequency No.of tourist Percentage First Visit 32 08.23 Second Visit 83 21.34 Third Visit 97 24.93 Visit many times 177 45.50 Total 389 100 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

Above table 5.50 indicate that there are 8.23% tourist visits to Akkalkot festival at first time. The percentage of second visit of tourists is 21.34. Total 45.50% tourist visiting many times to Akkalkot festival. Table No. 5.51 Uses of modes of transportation of tourists at Akkalkot festival Sr.no 1 2 3 4

Mode of transportation No.of tourist Percentage M.S.R.T.C 162 41.64 Railway 34 08.74 Private Vehicle 120 30.85 Walking 73 18.76 Total 389 100 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

USE OF MODE OF TRANSPORTATION OF TOURIST AT AKKALKOT FESTIVAL 19%

Index 41%

M.S.R.T.C Railway Private Vehicle

31%

Walking 9%

Fig. 5.25 The accessibility is good at Akkalkot MSRTC buses provide daily service to different tourist destination. Private and haired cars, jeeps can also be used to reach that place from any part of Maharashtra and India. Table 5.51 reveals that there are 30.85 % tourists have used private vehicles to visit the destination. 41.64 % tourists 196

have used MSRTC service as mode of transportation to reach the destination. 8.74% tourists have used railway facilities as mode of transport. And 18.76 % tourist who was from nearby areas has been preferred by walking to visit the place.

Table No. 5.52 Uses of Accommodation facilities by tourists at Akkalkot Festival Sr.No

Type of Accommodation

No of tourists

Percentage

1

Bhakt Niwas

30

07.71

2

Hotel

38

09.76

3

Private House

30

07.71

4

Friends/Relatives house

61

15.68

5

Day tripper

230

59.13

Total

389

100

(Source- Data compiled by Researcher) For

the

accommodation

purpose

the

Hotels,

Lodge,

Math,

Trust,Dharmshala,Bhaktnivas etc. facilities are available in Akkalkot But at the time of festivals it is difficulty to gate accommodation. Because more than Lakh of pilgrims visit Akkalkot which create presser on the accommodation. Table 5.52 shows that 59.13% tourists are day trippers; whereas 15.68% tourists have preferred to stay with their relatives or friends house. 7.71% tourist has used private house and hotel to stay and 7.71 tourist used Dharmshala or Bhakt niwas facility to halt at tourist destinations.

USES OF ACCOODATION TYPE OF TOURIST AT AKKALKOT FESTIVAL

No. of tourist

250 200 150 100 50 0 Bhakt Niwas

Hotel

Private House Friends/Relatives house

Accomodation type

Fig. 5.26

197

Day tripper

Table No. 5.53 Factorwise Facilities of Satisfaction Index Sr. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Factor Transport Accommodation Darshan Facility Food Parking Hygiene and Health Security Local people

Excellent

Good

Satisfactory

Unsatisfactory

Total

43 46 93 61 70 37 99 90

85 78 109 99 109 71 65 133

121 115 81 101 85 118 85 125

140 150 106 122 127 163 140 41

389 389 389 389 389 389 389 389

(Source- Data compiled by Researcher) By considering the Transport, accommodation, food and Drinking water,, Health and hygiene, ance, Darshan facility , parking facility and security etc pilgrims or tourist were requested to express their satisfaction in the points (out of 10) and the classification was done on the basis of points 8-10 for excellent, 6 to 8 for good 4 to 6 for satisfactory and 0-4 points for unsatisfactory. It can be seen from the table that out of 389 pilgrims. Table No. 5.54 Numerical Values Of tourists Sr.No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Factor Excellent Good Satisfactory Transport 8.96 7.08 5.09 Accommodation 9.02 6.50 4.86 Darshan Facility 9.05 7.04 4.71 Food 8.81 6.64 4.89 Parking 9.06 7.34 4.75 Hygiene and Health 8.89 6.76 5.28 Security 8.67 7.06 5.23 Local people 8.82 6.67 4.87 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

Unsatisfactory 2.03 1.90 1.47 1.84 1.91 2.23 1.68 2.30

The average value for the different levels of satisfaction was calculated by multiplying these values by respective frequencies gives total satisfaction. When total satisfaction is divided by total frequency of the respective factor give the satisfaction index for the factor. Table No. 5.55 Factor Wise Satisfaction Index (Points Out Of 10) and Their Rank

Sr.No Factor 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Total Satisfaction Positional Satisfaction index (SI) Rank Transport 1881.0 4.81 5 Accommodation 1787.0 4.57 7 Darshan Facility 1774.1 4.54 8 Food 1929.7 4.93 4 Parking 2069.4 5.29 2 Hygiene and Health 1799.4 4.60 6 Security 2012.5 5.12 3 Local people 2401.5 6.14 1 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher) 198

It is observed from table that behavior of local people have ranked highest followed by Parking, Security, Food, Transport facility. Out of 389 pilgrims contacted 276 have stated they have unsatisfied about Health and Hygiene.

Factor wise Order of Importance Attached by tourists: The pilgrims are also to give above facilities better for them. It could be seen from table 5.56 that out of 389 pilgrims‟ respondents 119 assigned 1st order, 135 assigned 2nd order, 98 assigned 3rd order and 37 assigned 4th order of importance for transport facility. Out of 389 pilgrims respondents 114 assigned 1st order, 175assigned 1st order, 151 assigned 1st order and 85 assigned first order to Parking, Darshan, Accomodation, food facility respectively. The relevant figure for the other factors could be seen from the table. Table No. 5.56 Order of Importance by tourist Sr. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Factor

Order of Importance 1st 2nd 3rd 4th

Total Relative ( Points Importance Out of 10) (RI) Transport 119 135 98 37 389 2797.5 7.16 Accommodation 151 109 61 68 389 2668.0 6.82 Darshan Facility 175 123 60 32 389 3059.1 7.83 Food 85 89 86 129 389 2391.6 6.12 Parking 114 81 130 64 389 2563.3 6.56 Hygiene and Health 140 107 80 62 389 2762.5 7.07 Security 109 123 97 60 389 2653.3 6.79 Local people 82 78 86 143 389 2200.8 5.63 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher) To calculate relative importance index 10 points are given to 1st order of

importance, 7.5 points for 2nd order of importance, 5 points for 3rd order of importance, 2.5 points for 4th order of importance. It could be seen that the maximum points are given to Darshan facility followed by transport, Hygeine and health etc.

Factor Wise Ultimate Satisfaction The ultimate satisfaction of the pilgrims of Akkalkot depends on both order of importance of a particular and satisfaction derived from the respective factor.Ultimate satisfaction Index was calculated by using both satisfaction index and relative importance index.

199

Table No. 5.57 Ultimate Satisfaction of tourist Sr.No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Factor

Points out of 10 SI RI 4.81 7.16 4.57 6.82 4.54 7.83 4.93 6.12 5.29 6.56 4.60 7.07 5.12 6.79 6.14 5.63

Transport Accommodation Darshan Facility Food Parking Hygiene and Health Security Local people

SI x RI 34.44 31.17 35.55 30.17 34.70 32.52 34.76 34.57

(Source- Data compiled by Researcher) ΣSI x RI / ΣRI = 4.96 Ultimate satisfaction index of tourist of Akkalkot festival tourist place is 4.96 out of 10 points. This is satisfactory level of satisfaction but further improvement is essential by providing better and better services for the Akkalkot tourists.

5.4.4 Mahalingraya Fair Huljanti Table No. 5.58 No. of Respondents at Huljanti Sr.No 1 2 3 4 5

Particulars No.of Respondent Contacted 450 Not Responded 27 No. Of questionnaires issued 423 Non Returned questionnaires 18 Returned questionnaires 405 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

Table shows that the total 450 tourists were contacted but 27 tourists have not resonded due to their busy schedule work or they didn‟t want to fill the given questionnaires. Therefore 423 questionnaires were given to the tourists. Out of 423 tourists only 405 questionnaires were returned Table No. 5.59 Statewise Tourists visited at Huljanti Fair Sr.No 1 2 3 4

State No.of tourists Percentage Maharashtra 369 91.11 Karnataka 21 05.18 Aandrapradesh 07 01.72 Madhya Pradesh 08 01.72 Total 405 100 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

200

The information collected from the questionnaires shows that 91.11 % tourists (table 5.59) are from the Maharashtra and only 9.91% tourists are from out of the Maharashtra state.It reveals that the most of tourists out of Maharashtra state comes from Karnataka and Aandrapradesh states Table No. 5.60 Districtwise tourists visited at Huljanti Fair Sr.No 1 2 3 4 5 6

District Solapur Pune Satara Sangli Osmanabad Other Total

No.of tourists Percentage 207 56.10 34 09.21 43 11.65 35 09.49 30 08.13 20 05.42 369 100 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

The above table shows that maximum visiting tourists at Huljanti fair are from Solapur, Sangali, Pune, and Satara. As per surveying proportionate of the other visitors from Buldhana Mumbai Raighad is less. DISTRICT WISE CLASSIFICATION OF TOURIST VISITED AT HULJANTI FAIR 8%

5%

Index

10% 12%

56% 9%

Solapur Pune Satara Sangali Osmanabad Other

Fig. 5.27 Table No. 5.61 Distribution of tourist according to the purpose of visit at Huljanti Fair Sr.no 1 2 3 4

Purpose of tourists No. of tourists Percentage Entertainment 120 29.62 Religious 159 39.26 Professional 46 11.35 Other 80 19.76 Total 405 100 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

201

DISTRIBUTION OF TOURIST ACCORDING TO PURPOSE TO VISIT AT HULJANTI FAIR

No. of tourist

200 150 100 50 0 Entertainment

Religious

Professional

Other

Purpose

Fig. 5.28 Table no. 5.61 shows that there are different purposes of tourist for visit to Huljanti fair. Out of them the main reason for visiting Huljanti is the religious purpose. Because in the entire district Solapur Pandharpur, Akkalkot and Akluj are the existing religious tourist destinations are located along with number of emerging and potential tourist destination are located The entertain is the also second highest purpose for visiting Huljanti fair Age and Sex wise classification of tourist Table shows that the age and sex wise data and indicate the 40.74% tourist from the age group 30 to 45 years which is the major age group of the visitors at Huljanti fair. Second highest visitors are from the age group of 45 to 60 years and their proportion is 27.90%.Less than 7% tourist is above 60 years.

Table No. 5.62 Age and Sex wise classification of tourist at Huljanti fair Sr.No 1 2 3 4

Age in Years

No.of tourists Male Female Total 15 to 30 63 36 99 30 to 45 55 110 165 45 to 60 49 64 113 Above 60 12 16 28 Total 179 226 405 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

202

Total Percentage 24.44 40.74 27.90 06.91 100

AGE AND SEX WISE CLASSIFICATION OF TOURIST AT HULJANTI FAIR 120 No. of tourist

100 80

Index

60 40

Male

20

Female

0 15 to 30

30 to 45

45 to 60

Above 60

Age in years

Fig. 5.29 Table No. 5.63 Literacy wise Classification of tourists at Huljanti Fair Sr.No

Education

1 2

Illiterate Primary /Secondary Graduate and above Total

3

Male 62 96

No.of tourists Female 85 90

Total 147 186

Total Percentage 36.29 45.92

56

16

72

17.78

179 226 405 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

100

Most of the tourists visits Huljanti fair in religious point of view and out of these more than 60 % tourist are literate. There is 36.29 % tourist are illiterate.

LITERACY WISE CLASSIFICATION OF TOURIST AT HULJANTI FAIR No. of tourist

120 100 80 60

Index

40

Male

20

Female

0 Illiterate

Primary /SecondaryGraduate and above Literacy

Fig. 5.30

203

Table No. 5.64 Occupation wise classification of tourist at Huljanti Fair Sr.No 1 2 3 4 5

Occupation No. Of tourists Percentage of tourists Agriculture 132 32.59 Business 90 22.22 Employees 63 15.55 Professionals 33 08.15 Students 87 21.48 Total 405 100 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

The occupation wise classification of the tourists above table shows that 32.59% and 2222% tourists are from farmers and business respectively. 15.55 % tourist from employees and professionals are 8.15%.where as 21.48% tourists were from student‟s category. OCCUPATION WISE CLASSIFICATION OF TOURIST ART HULJANTI FAIR Index

21% 33%

Agriculture Business

8%

Employees 16% 22%

Professionals Students

Fig. 5.31 Table No. 5.65 Frequencies of tourists at Huljanti fair Sr.No 1 2 3 4

Frequency No.of tourist Percentage First Visit 54 13.33 Second Visit 88 21.73 Third Visit 120 29.63 Visit Many Times 143 35.31 Total 405 100 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

Above table 5.65 indicate that there are 13.33 % tourist visits to Huljanti fair at first time. The percentage of visit second time is 21.73. Total 35.31 % tourist visiting many times to Huljanti fair.

204

Table No. 5.66 Uses of modes of transportation of tourists at Huljanti fair Sr.no 1 2 3 4

Mode of transportation No.of tourist M.S.R.T.C 92 Railway 12 Private Vehicle 164 Walking 137 Total 405 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

Percentage 22.72 02.96 40.50 33.82 100

The accessibility is not good at Huljanti fair. Private and haired cars, jeeps can use to reach that place from the main part of Solapur district. Table reveals that there are 40.50 % tourists have used private vehicles to visit the destination. Only 22.72% tourists have used MSRTC service as mode of transportation to reach the destination. 2.96% tourists have used railway facilities as mode of transport. And 33.82 % tourists who were from nearby areas have been preferred by walking to visit the place. USE OF MODE OF TRANSPORTATION OF TOURIST AT HULJANTI FAIR 23%

Index

34%

M.S.R.T.C 3%

Railway Private Vehicle Walking

40%

Fig. 5.32 Table No. 5.67 Uses of Accommodation facilities by tourists at Huljanti fair Sr.No 1 2 3 4 5

Type of Accommodation No of tourists Bhakt Niwas 37 Hotel 12 Private House 14 Friends/Relatives house 125 Day tripper 217 Total 405 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher) 205

Percentage 09.14 02.96 03.45 30.86 53.58 100

USES OF ACCOMMODATION FACILITIES BY TOURIST AT HULJANTI FAIR 250 No. of tourist

200 150 100 50 0 Bhakt Niwas

Hotel

Private House

Friends/Relatives house

Day tripper

Accommodation

Fig. 5.33 For the accommodation purpose the Hotels, Lodge, Math, Trust, Dharmshala, Bhaktnivas etc. facilities are not available in Huljanti.At the time of festivals it is difficulty to gate accommodation. Because more than Lakh of pilgrims visit Huljanti which create presser on the accommodation. Table shows that 53.58% tourists are day trippers; whereas 30.86% tourists have preferred to stay with their relatives or friends house. 3.45% tourist has used private house and hotel to stay and 9.14% tourist used Dharmshala or Bhakt niwas facility to halt at tourist destinations.

Table No. 5.68 Factorwise Facilities of Satisfaction Index Sr. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Factor Transport Accommodation Darshan Facility Food Parking Hygiene and Health Security Local people

Excellent

Good

Satisfactory

Unsatisfactory

103 120 97 51 97 92 72 79 154 73 80 143 71 80 99 20 53 102 41 103 119 82 118 151 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

85 165 100 109 155 230 142 54

Total 405 405 405 405 405 405 405 405

By considering the Transport, accommodation, food and Drinking water,, Health and hygiene, ance, Darshan facility , parking facility and security etc pilgrims or tourist were requested to express their satisfaction in the points (out of 10) and the classification was done on the basis of points 8-10 for excellent, 6 to 8 for good 4 to 6 206

for satisfactory and 0-4 points for unsatisfactory. It can be seen from the table that out of 405 pilgrims. Table No. 5.69 Numerical Values of tourists Sr. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Factor Transport Accommodation Darshan Facility Food Parking Hygiene and Health Security Local people

Excellent

Good

Satisfactory

8.95 7.17 5.20 8.95 6.80 4.95 8.92 6.92 4.92 8.17 6.85 4.98 8.90 7.20 4.80 8.67 682 5.20 8.14 7.10 5.07 8.37 6.90 5.80 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

Unsatisfactory 2.37 2.25. 1.75 1.80 2.12 2.50 2.37 1.98

The average value for the different levels of satisfaction was calculated by multiplying these values by respective frequencies gives total satisfaction. When total satisfaction is divided by total frequency of the respective factor give the satisfaction index for the factor. Table No. 5.70 Factor Wise Satisfaction Index (Points Out Of 10) and Their Rank

Sr.No Factor 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Total Satisfaction Positional Satisfaction index (SI) Rank Transport 2940.27 6.60 1 Accommodation 2339.6 5.25 4 Darshan Facility 2053.1 4.61 6 Food 2009.7 4.51 7 Parking 2204.8 4.95 5 Hygiene and Health 1945.7 4.36 8 Security 2476.2 5.56 3 Local people 2807.7 6.30 2 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

It is observed from table that Transport facility have ranked highest followed by Local people, security Accommodation, facility. Out of 405 pilgrims contacted 195 have stated that they have unsatisfied about Darshan queue facility and they have satisfied about local people. Factor wise Order of Importance Attached by tourists: The pilgrims are also to give above facilities better for them. It could be seen from table that out of 405 pilgrims‟ respondents 153 assigned 1st order, 129 assigned

207

2nd order, 75 assigned 3rd order and 48 assigned 4th order of importance for transport facility. The relevant figure for the other factors could be seen from the table. Table No. 5.71 Order of Importaance by tourist Sr. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Factor

Order of Importance 1st 2nd 3rd 4th

Total Relative ( Points Importance Out of 10) (RI) Transport 153 129 75 48 405 3155.8 7.08 Accommodation 131 142 58 74 405 3005.8 6.74 Darshan Facility 165 145 45 50 405 3225.8 7.24 Food 85 129 131 60 405 2933.3 6.38 Parking 58 116 80 151 405 2540.0 5.70 Hygiene and Health 144 109 123 29 405 3038.0 6.82 Security 124 109 119 53 405 2884.1 6.47 Local people 91 132 127 55 405 2792.5 6.27 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher) To calculate relative importance index 10 points are given to 1st order of

importance, 7.5 points for 2nd order of importance, 5 points for 3rd order of importance, 2.5 points for 4th order of importance. It could be seen that the maximum points are given to Darshan facility, transport, hygiene, accommodation etc. Factor Wise Ultimate Satisfaction The ultimate satisfaction of the pilgrims of Huljanti fairs depends on both order of importance of a particular and satisfaction derived from the respective factor. To calculate ultimate satisfaction Index was calculated by using both satisfaction index and relative importance index. Table No. 5.72 Ultimate Satisfaction of tourist Sr.No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Factor Transport Accommodation Darshan Facility Food Parking Hygiene and Health Security Local people

Points out of 10 SI RI 6.60 7.08 5.25 6.74 4.61 7.24 4.51 6.38 4.95 5.70 4.36 6.82 5.56 6.47 6.30 6.27

(Source- Data compiled by Researcher) ΣSI x RI / ΣRI = 5.26 208

SI x RI 46.72 35.38 33.37 28.77 28.21 29.73 35.97 39.50

Ultimate satisfaction index of tourist of Huljanti is 5.26 out of 10 points. This is satisfactory level of satisfaction but further improvement is essential by providing better and better services for the Solapur tourists.

5.4.5 Madheshwari Fair Madha Table No. 5.73 No. tourists Respondents Sr.No

Particulars

No.of Respondent

1

Contacted

300

2

Not Responded

22

3

No. Of questionnaires issued

278

4

Non Returned questionnaires

34

5

Returned questionnaires

244

(Source- Data compiled by Researcher) Table shows that the total 300 tourists were contacted but 22 tourists have not responded due to their busy schedule work or they didn‟t want to fill the given questionnaires .Therefore 278 questionnaires were given to the tourists. Out of 278 tourists only 244 questionnaires were returned

Table No. 5.74 Statewise classification of tourists at Madha Fair Sr.no

State

No. of tourists

Percentage

1

Maharashtra

224

91.80

2

Karnataka

10

04.09

3

Aandra Pradesh

10

04.09

Total

244

100

(Source- Data compiled by Researcher) The information collected from the questionnaires shows that 91.80% tourists ( table 5.74 and fig.5.34) are from the Maharashtra.It reveals that the most of tourists out of Maharashtra state comes from Karnataka and Aandrapradesh states

209

STATE WISE CLASSIFICATION OF TOURIST AT MADHA FAIR 4% 4%

Index Maharashtra karnataka Aandrapradesh 92%

Fig. 5.34 Table No. 5.75 Districtwise tourists visited at Madha Fair Sr.No 1 2 3 4 5 6

District No.of tourists Percentage Solapur 108 48.21 Pune 21 9.38 Sangali 13 5.80 Beed 34 15.17 Osmanabad 23 10.27 Others 25 11.16 Total 224 100 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

The above table shows that maximum visiting tourists at Madha are from Solapur, Pune, and Sangali. As per surveying proportionate of the other visitors from Raighad beed Jalana Hingoli are less.

DISTRICT WISE CLASSIFICATION OF TOURIST AT MADHA FAIR Index

11%

Solapur

10%

Pune 48%

15%

Sangali Beed Osmanabad

6%

Others

10%

Fig. 5.35

210

Table No. 5.76 Distribution of tourist according to the purpose of visit at Madha fair

Sr.no 1 2 3 4

Purpose of tourists No. of tourists Percentage Entertainment 59 24.18 Religious 115 47.13 Professional 43 17.62 Other 27 11.06 Total 244 100 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher) DISTRIBUTION OF TOURIST ACCORDING TO PURPOSE TO VISIT AT MADHA FAIR

No. of tourist

150 100 50 0 Entertainment

Religious

Professional

Other

Purpose

Fig. 5.36 Table no. 5.76 and fig. 5.36 shows that there are different purposes of tourist for visit to Madheshwari Devi fair. Out of them the main reason for visiting Madha is the religious purpose. The Entertain

is the also second highest purpose for visiting

fair. Age and Sex wise classification of tourist Table 5.77 shows that the age and sex wise data and indicate the 33.60% tourist from the age group 15 to 30 years.Second highest visitors are from the age group of 30 to 45 years their proportion is 28.69%. Less than 12% tourist is above 60 years. Table No. 5.77 Age and Sex wise classification of tourist at Madha fair Sr.No Age in Years No.of tourists Total Percentage Male Female Total 1 15 to 30 38 44 82 33.60 2 30 to 45 54 16 70 28.69 3 45 to 60 16 47 63 25.82 4 Above 60 12 17 29 11.88 Total 120 124 244 100 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher) 211

AGE AND SEX WISE CLASSIFICATION OF TOURIST AT MADHA FAIR 60

No. of tourist

50 40

Index

30

Male

20

Female 10 0 15 to 30

30 to 45

45 to 60

Above 60

Age in years

Fig. 5.37 Table No. 5.78 Literacy wise Classification of tourists at Madha Fair Sr.No

Education

No.of tourists Male Female Total Illiterate 30 46 76 Primary /Secondary 58 52 110 Graduate and above 32 26 58 Total 120 124 244 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

1 2 3

Total Percentage 31.14 45.08 23.77 100

Most of the tourists visits Madha fair in religious point of view and out of these 31.14% tourists are illiterate. There are only 23.77% tourists are graduate.

No. of tourist

LITERACY WISE CLASSIFICATION OF TOURIST AT MADHA FAIR 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

Index Male Female Illiterate

Primary /Secondary Literacy

Fig. 5.38 212

Graduate and above

Table No. 5.79 Occupation wise classification of tourist at Madha fair Sr.No 1 2 3 4 5

Occupation No. Of tourists Percentage of tourists Agriculture 54 22.13 Business 43 17.62 Employees 47 19.26 Professionals 32 13.12 Students 68 27.86 Total 244 100 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

Above table number 5.79 shows that the occupation wise classification of the tourists at Madha fair.According to data 22.13% and 17.62 % tourists are from farmers and business respectively. 19.26 % tourists from employees and professionals are 13.12%.The percentage of students is 27.86.

OCCUPATION WISE CLASSIFICATION OF TOURIST AT MADHA FAIR 22%

28%

Agriculture Business Employees 18%

13%

Professionals Students

19%

Fig. 5.39 Table No. 5.80 Frequencies of tourists visited at Madha Fair Sr.No 1 2 3 4

Frequency No.of tourist First Visit 47 Second Visit 60 Third Visit 53 Visit many times 84 Total 244 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

Percentage 19.26 24.60 21.72 32.42 100

Above table indicate that there are 19.26% tourist visits to Madha fair at first time. The percentage of visit second time is 24.60%. Total 32.42 % tourist visiting many times to Madha fair.

213

Table No. 5.81 Uses of modes of transportation of tourists at Madha fair Sr.no 1 2 3 4

Mode of transportation No.of tourist M.S.R.T.C 91 Railway 25 Private Vehicle 55 Walking 73 Total 244 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

Percentage 37.29 10.25 22.54 29.91 100

USE OF MODE OF TRANSPORTATION OF TOURIST AT MADHA FAIR

Index

30%

37%

M.S.R.T.C Railway Private Vehicle Walking

23%

10%

Fig. 5.40 The accessibility is good at Madha MSRTC buses provide daily service to different tourist destination. Private and haired cars, jeeps can also be used to reach that place from any part of Maharashtra and India. Table no. 81 reveals that there are 22.54 % tourists have used private vehicles to visit the destination. 37.29 % tourists have used MSRTC service as mode of transportation to reach the destination. 10.25 % tourists have used railway facilities as mode of transport. And 29.91 % tourists who were from nearby areas have been preferred by walking to visit the place. Table No. 5.82 Uses of Accommodation facilities by tourists at Madha fair Sr.No 1 2 3 4 5

Type of Accommodation No of tourists Bhakt Niwas 27 Hotel 35 Private House 23 Friends/Relatives house 39 Day tripper 120 Total 244 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher) 214

Percentage 11.07 14.34 09.42 15.98 49.18 100

For

the

accommodation

purpose

the

Hotels,

Lodge,

Math,

Trust,Dharmshala,Bhaktnivas etc. facilities are available in Madha But at the time of fair it is difficulty to gate accommodation. Because more than Lakh of pilgrims visit Madha which create presser on the accommodation. Table number 5.77 shows that 49.18% tourists are day trippers; whereas 15.98% tourists have preferred to stay with their relatives or friends house. 9.42% tourist has used private house and hotel to stay and 11.07% tourist used Dharmshala or Bhakt niwas facility to halt at tourist destinations. USES OF ACCOMMODATION FACILITIES BY TOURIST AT MADHA FAIR 140 120 No. of tourist

100 80 60 40 20 0 Bhakt Niwas

Hotel

Private House Friends/Relatives house

Day tripper

Accommodation type

Fig. 5.41 Table No. 5.83 Factorwise Facilities of Satisfaction Index Sr. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Factor

Excellent

Good

Satisfactory

Transport 64 88 60 Accommodation 26 62 81 Darshan Facility 61 72 52 Food 27 61 97 Parking 47 51 60 Hygiene and Health 27 85 62 Security 53 54 48 Local people 110 59 42 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

Unsatisfa -ctory 32 75 59 59 86 70 89 33

Total 244 244 244 244 244 244 244 244

By considering the Transport, accommodation, food and Drinking water,, Health and hygiene, ance, Darshan facility, parking facility and security etc pilgrims or tourist were requested to express their satisfaction in the points (out of 10) and the 215

classification was done on the basis of points 8-10 for excellent, 6 to 8 for good 4 to 6 for satisfactory and 0-4 points for unsatisfactory. It can be seen from the table that out of 244 pilgrims. Table No. 5.84 Numerical Values of tourists Sr.

Factor

Excellent

Good

Satisfactory

Unsatisfactory

No 1

Transport

8.79

7.15

4.77

2.37

2

Accommodation

8.58

7.06

5.04

2.38

3

Darshan Facility

8.80

7.01

5.07

2.30

4

Food

8.67

6.60

4.54

2.33

5

Parking

8.84

6.92

5.08

2.37

6

Hygiene and Health

8.72

7.01

4.68

3.34

7

Security

8.82

7.68

4.97

2.1

8

Local people

8.68

6.89

4.77

1.96

(Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

The average value for the different levels of satisfaction was calculated by multiplying these values by respective frequencies gives total satisfaction. When total satisfaction is divided by total frequency of the respective factor give the satisfaction index for the factor. Table No. 5.85 Factor Wise Satisfaction Index (Points Out Of 10) and Their Rank

Sr.No Factor 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Total Satisfaction Positional Satisfaction index (SI) Rank Transport 2075.6 6.37 2 Accommodation 1666.5 5.12 6 Darshan Facility 1927.0 5.92 3 Food 1626.6 4.99 7 Parking 1706.0 5.24 5 Hygiene and Health 799.6 4.61 8 Security 1876.9 5.76 4 Local people 2165.9 6.65 1 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

It is observed from table no. 5.85 that behaviour of Local people have ranked highest followed by Transport, Darshan facility. Out of 244 pilgrims contacted have stated that they have satisfied about Local people, Darshan queue facility and they have unsatisfied about Accommodation, Parking, Health and Hygiene facility.

216

Factor wise Order of Importance Attached by tourists: The pilgrims are also to give above facilities better for them. It could be seen from table show that out of 244 pilgrims‟ respondents 85 assigned 1st order, 54 assigned 2nd order, 57 assigned 3rd order and 48 assigned 4th order of importance for transport facility. Out of 244 pilgrims respondents 106 assigned 1st order, 90 assigned 1st order, 45 assigned 1st order and 85 assigned first order to Accommodation, Darshan, food, and hygiene facility respectively. The relevant figure for the other factors could be seen from the table.

Sr. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Table No. 5.86 Order of Importance by tourist Factor Order of Importance Total Relative ( Points st nd rd th Importance Out of 10) 1 2 3 4 (RI) Transport 85 54 57 48 244 2220.8 6.81 Accommodation 106 82 48 8 244 2584.2 7.93 Darshan Facility 90 60 73 21 244 2592.5 7.24 Food 45 66 91 42 244 1889.2 6.10 Parking 71 61 64 48 244 2139.2 6.56 Hygiene and Health 85 56 78 25 244 2294.1 7.04 Security 59 67 69 49 244 2074.1 6.36 Local people 42 65 55 82 244 1845.8 5.66 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher) To calculate relative importance index 10 points are given to 1st order of

importance, 7.5 points for 2nd order of importance, 5 points for 3rd order of importance, 2.5 points for 4th order of importance. It could be seen that the maximum points are given to Accommodation followed by Darshan facility, hygiene, transport, safety etc.

Factor Wise Ultimate Satisfaction The ultimate satisfaction of the pilgrims of Madha fair depends on both order of importance of a particular and satisfaction derived from the respective factor. Ultimate satisfaction Index was calculated by using both satisfaction index and relative importance index.

217

Table No. 5.87 Factor Wise Ultimate Satisfaction Sr.No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Factor Transport Accommodation Darshan Facility Food Parking Hygiene and Health Security Local people

Points out of 10 SI RI 6.37 6.81 5.12 7.93 5.92 7.24 4.99 6.10 5.24 6.56 4.61 7.04 5.76 6.36 6.65 5.66

SI x RI 43.37 40.60 42.92 30.44 34.37 32.45 36.63 37.63

(Source- Data compiled by Researcher) ΣSI x RI / ΣRI = 5.55 Ultimate satisfaction index of tourist of Madha fair

is 5.55out of 10

points.This is satisfactory level of satisfaction but further improvement is essential by providing better and better services for the Madha tourists.

5.4.6 Bhagvant Festival Barshi Table No. 5.88 Number of Respondents Sr.No 1 2 3 4 5

Particulars No.of Respondent Contacted 300 Not Responded 26 No. Of questionnaires issued 274 Non Returned questionnaires 23 Returned questionnaires 251 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

Table no. 88 shows that the total 300 tourists were contacted but 22 tourists have not responded due to their busy schedule work or they didn‟t want to fill the given questionnaires .Therefore 278 questionnaires were given to the tourists .out of 278 tourists only 244 questionnaires were returned Table No. 5.89 Statewise classification of tourists at Barshi festival Sr.no 1 2 3 4 5

State No. of tourists Percentage Maharashtra 211 84.06 Karnataka 15 05.98 Aandra Pradesh 10 03.98 Goa 06 02.39 Rajasthan 09 03.58 Total 251 100 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher) 218

The information collected from the questionnaires shows that 84.06% tourists (table no. 5.89 and fig.5.42) are from the Maharashtra. It reveals that the most of tourists out of Maharashtra state comes from Karnataka and Aandrapradesh states STATE WISE CLASSIFICATION OF TOURIST AT BARSHI FESTIVAL 4% 2%

4%

Index Maharashtra

6%

karnataka Aandrapradesh Goa Rajsthan 84%

Fig. 5.42 Table No. 5.90 Districtwise tourists visited at Barshi festival Sr.No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

District No.of tourists Solapur 99 Pune 19 Sangali 13 Beed 34 Osmanabad 23 Hingoli 36 Others 27 Total 251 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

Percentage 39.44 07.57 05.18 13.54 09.16 14.35 10.76 100

DISTRICT WISE CLASSIFICATION OF TOURIST VISIT AT BARSHI FESTIVAL Index

11%

Solapur 14%

39%

Pune Sangali Beed

9%

Osmanabad Hingoli

14% 5%

8%

Fig. 5.43 219

Others

The above Table No. 5.90 shows that maximum visiting tourists at Barshi are from Solapur, Beed, and Hingoli. As per surveying proportionate of the other visitors from Raighad Pune, Jalana Sangali etc are less. Table No. 5.91 Distribution of tourist according to the purpose of visit at Barshi festival

Sr.no 1 2 3 4

Purpose of tourists No. of tourists Entertainment 47 Religious 129 Professional 55 Other 20 Total 251 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

Percentage 18.75 51.39 21.91 07.97 100

No. of tourist

DISTRIBUTION OF TOURIST ACCORDING TO THE PURPOSE VISITED AT BARSHI FESTIVAL 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Entertainment

Religious

Professional

Other

Purpose

Fig. 5.44 Table no. 5.91 shows that there are different purposes of tourist for visit to Bhagvant festival, Barshi. Out of them the main reason for visiting Barshi is the religious purpose. The professional is the also second highest purpose for visiting festival.

Age and Sex wise classification of tourist Table 5.92 shows that the age and sex wise data and indicate the 33.46% tourist from the age group 30to 45 years.Second highest visitors are from the age group of 45 to 60 years their proportion is 32.67 % . Less than 14% tourist is above 60 years.

220

Table No. 5.92 Age and Sex wise classification of tourist at Barshi Festival Sr.No

Age in Years

No.of tourists Male Female Total 15 to 30 29 23 52 30 to 45 36 48 84 45 to 60 39 43 82 Above 60 11 22 33 Total 115 136 251 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

1 2 3 4

Total Percentage 20.71 33.46 32.67 13.15 100

AGE AND SEX WISE CLASSIFICATION OF TOURIST AT BARSHI FESTIVAL 60

No. of tourist

50 40

Index

30

Male

20

Female

10 0 15 to 30

30 to 45

45 to 60

Above 60

Age in years

Fig. 5.45

Table No. 5.93 Literacy wise Classification of tourists at Barshi festival Sr.No

Education

No.of tourists

Total Percentage

Male

Female

Total

1

Illiterate

40

65

105

41.83

2

Primary /Secondary

59

63

122

48.61

3

Graduate and above

16

08

24

09.56

Total

115

136

251

100

(Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

221

LITERACY WISE CLASSIFICATION OF TOURIST VISITED AT BARSHI FESTIVAL 70

No. of tourist

60 50 40

Index

30

Male

20

Female

10 0 Illiterate

Primary /Secondary Graduate and above Literacy

Fig. 5.46 Most of the tourists visits Madha fair in religious point of view and out of these 31.14% tourists are illiterate. There are only 23.77% tourists are graduate. Table No. 5.94 Occupation wise classification of tourist at Barshi festival Sr.No

Occupation

No. Of tourists

Percentage of tourists

1

Agriculture

69

27.50

2

Business

48

19.12

3

Employees

47

18.73

4

Professionals

32

12.74

5

Students

55

21.91

Total

251

100

(Source- Data compiled by Researcher) OCCUPATION WISE CLASSIFICATION OF TOURIST VISITED AT BARSHI FESTIVAL 22%

Index 27%

13% 19% 19%

Fig. 5.47 222

Agriculture Business Employees Professionals Students

Table number 5.94 and fig. 5.47 shows that the occupation wise classification of the tourists at Barshi festival fair.According to data 27.50% and 19.12 % tourists are from farmers and business respectively. 18.73 % tourists from employees and professionals are 12.74%.The percentage of students is 21.91. Table No. 5.95 Frequencies of tourists visited at Barshi festival Sr.No 1 2 3 4

Frequency No.of tourist First Visit 55 Second Visit 43 Third Visit 84 Visit many times 69 Total 251 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

Percentage 21.91 17.13 33.47 27.49 100

Above table 5.95 indicate that there are 21.91% tourist visits to Barshi festival at first time. The percentage of visit second time tourists is 17.13%. Total 27.49 % tourists visiting many times to Barshi festival. Table No. 5.96 Uses of modes of transportation of tourists at Barshi festival Sr.no 1 2 3 4

Mode of transportation No.of tourist M.S.R.T.C 103 Railway 22 Private Vehicle 62 Walking 64 Total 251 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

120

USE OF MODE OF TRANSPORTATION OF TOURIST VISITED AT BARSHI FESTIVAL

No. of tourist

100 80 60 40 20 0 M.S.R.T.C

Railway

Private Vehicle

Transportation type

Fig. 5.48 223

Walking

Percentage 41.03 08.76 24.71 25.50 100

The accessibility is good at Barshi. MSRTC buses provide daily service to different tourist destination. Private and haired cars, jeeps can also be used to reach that place from any part of Maharashtra and India. Table 5.96 reveals that there are 24.71 % tourists have used private vehicles to visit the destination. 41.03 % tourists have used MSRTC service as mode of transportation to reach the destination. 08.76 % tourists have used railway facilities as mode of transport. And 25.50 % tourists who were from nearby areas have been preferred by walking to visit the place. Table No. 5.97 Uses of Accommodation facilities by tourists at Barshi festival Sr.No 1 2 3 4 5

Type of Accommodation No of tourists Bhakt Niwas 23 Hotel 25 Private House 19 Friends/Relatives house 45 Day tripper 139 Total 251 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

Percentage 09.16 09.96 07.57 17.93 55.38 100

For the accommodation purpose the Hotels, Lodge, Dharmshala, Bhaktnivas etc. facilities are available in Barshi. But at the time of festival it is difficulty to gate accommodation. Because more than Lakh of pilgrims visit Barshi, which create presser on the accommodation. Table number 5.97 shows that 55.38% tourists are day trippers; whereas 17.93% tourists have preferred to stay with their relatives or friends house. 7.57% tourist have used private house and 9.16% tourist used Dharmshala or Bhakt niwas facility to halt at tourist destinations.

No. of tourist

USE OF ACCOMMODATION FACILITIES OF TOURIST VISITED AT BARSHI FESTIVAL 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Bhakt Niwas

Hotel

Private House

Friends/Relatives house

Accommodation type

Fig. 5.49 224

Day tripper

Table No. 5.98 Factorwise Facilities of Satisfaction Index Sr. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Factor

Excellent

Transport Accommodation Darshan Facility Food Parking Hygiene and Health Security Local people

Good

Satisfactory

62 84 65 24 66 80 55 66 72 22 61 97 45 62 66 21 71 78 45 54 60 119 65 45 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

Unsatisfactory

Total

40 81 58 71 78 81 92 22

251 251 251 251 251 251 251 251

By considering the Transport, accommodation, food and Drinking water,, Health and hygiene, Darshan facility, parking facility and security etc pilgrims or tourist were requested to express their satisfaction in the points (out of 10) and the classification was done on the basis of points 8-10 for excellent, 6 to 8 for good 4 to 6 for satisfactory and 0-4 points for unsatisfactory. It can be seen from the table that out of 251 pilgrims. Table No. 5.99 Numerical Values of tourists Sr. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Factor Transport Accommodation Darshan Facility Food Parking Hygiene and Health Security Local people

Excellent

Good

Satisfactory

8.96 7.08 5.09 9.02 6.50 4.86 9.05 7.04 4.71 8.81 6.64 4.89 9.06 7.34 4.75 8.89 6.76 5.28 8.67 7.06 5.23 8.82 6.67 4.87 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

Unsatisfactory 2.03 1.90 1.47 1.84 1.91 2.23 1.68 2.30

The average value for the different levels of satisfaction was calculated by multiplying these values by respective frequencies gives total satisfaction. When total satisfaction is divided by total frequency of the respective factor give the satisfaction index for the factor.

225

Table No. 5.100 Factor Wise Satisfaction Index (Points Out Of 10) and Their Rank

Sr.No Factor 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Total Satisfaction Positional Satisfaction index (SI) Rank Transport 1926.0 5.12 3 Accommodation 1726.0 4.81 5 Darshan Facility 2075.6 5.29 2 Food 1626.6 4.57 7 Parking 1876.9 4.93 4 Hygiene and Health 803.6 4.54 8 Security 1684.5 4.60 6 Local people 2165.9 6.14 1 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

It is observed from table number 5.100 that behaviour of Local people have ranked highest followed by Transport, Darshan facility. Out of 251 pilgrims contacted have stated that they have satisfied about Local people, Darshan queue facility and they have unsatisfied about Accommodation, Parking, Health and Hygiene facility. Factor wise Order of Importance Attached by tourists: The pilgrims are also to give above facilities better for them. It could be seen from table show that out of 251 pilgrims‟ respondents 85 assigned 1st order, 54 assigned 2nd order, 57 assigned 3rd order and 48 assigned 4th order of importance for transport facility. Out of 244 pilgrims respondents 106 assigned 1st order, 90 assigned 1st order, 45 assigned 1st order and 85 assigned first order to Accommodation, Darshan, food, and hygiene facility respectively. The relevant figure for the other factors could be seen from the table. Table No. 5.101 Order of Importance by tourist Sr. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Factor

Order of Importance 1st 2nd 3rd 4th

Transport Accommodation Darshan Facility Food Parking Hygiene and Health Security Local people

85 116 95 59 71 93 62 46

54 92 65 60 65 65 79 72

67 35 60 92 69 78 59 45

45 8 31 40 46 15 51 88

Total Relative ( Points Importance Out of 10) (RI) 251 2218.8 6.81 251 2564.2 7.93 251 2582.5 7.24 251 1869.2 6.10 251 2169.2 6.56 251 2274.1 7.04 251 2064.1 6.36 251 1835.8 5.66

(Source- Data compiled by Researcher)

226

To calculate relative importance index 10 points are given to 1st order of importance, 7.5 points for 2nd order of importance, 5 points for 3rd order of importance, 2.5 points for 4th order of importance. It could be seen that the maximum points are given to Accommodation followed by Darshan facility, hyiene, transport, safety etc. Factor Wise Ultimate Satisfaction The ultimate satisfaction of the pilgrims of Barshi festival depends on both order of importance of a particular and satisfaction derived from the respective factor. Ultimate satisfaction Index was calculated by using both satisfaction index and relative importance index Table No. 5.102 Factor Wise Ultimate Satisfaction Sr.No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Factor

Points out of 10 SI x RI SI RI Transport 5.12 6.81 34.87 Accommodation 4.81 7.93 38.14 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher) Darshan Facility 5.29 7.24 38.29 Food 4.57 6.10 27.88 Parking 4.93 6.56 32.34 Hygiene and Health 4.54 7.04 31.96 Security 4.60 6.36 29.26 Local people 6.14 5.66 34.75 (Source- Data compiled by Researcher) ΣSI x RI / ΣRI = 4.98

Ultimate satisfaction index of tourist of Barshi festival is 4.98 out of 10 points. This is satisfactory level of satisfaction but further improvement is essential by providing better and better services for the Barshi tourists.

5.5 SUMMARY 1. It reveals that tourist's opinion regarding the Fairs and festivals places in the Solapur district received Satisfaction rank. It means most of tourists are not more satisfied with the tourism facilities at the destination. 2. The behavioural and attitudinal approach of the local people receives first rank, accessibility receives Second rank, food facility recieved third rank and accommodation gets fourth rank, darshan facility received fifth rank, parking facility at the destination received sixth rank,security facilities of the tourist destination get rank seventh, and Hygiene received last eifhth ranks. 227

3. The satisfaction index for about the place, attitude of the local people and transportation facilities received high ranks. These factors are more significant for the tourism development in Solapur district. 4. All tourists destination in the district are attractive. Basically purpose of tourists to visit the destination is for relaxation of mind from their routine work. The behaviour and attitude of the local people is very important. The relation of residents and tourists is very good. So that tourists can frequently visit to district. 5.

Regarding the transportation, which receives high rank, Solapur district is well connected by road, railway to the other parts of Maharashtra. There is a need to have airways in the region.

6. Accommodation and food facilities are also important factors in the tourism industry. The tourist's opinion regarding these factors is good. As per some tourist's opinion, they are taking high charges and not providing good facilities, due to high strain on accommodation during tourism season. There is need of tourist to improve the accommodation at tourist centers. As per food facility is concerned along the highway side large numbers of hotels, resorts, restaurants etc are available. But some of the tourist destinations do not provides food such as Huljanti, Madha. Therefore facility should be developed to provide food with good quality. 7. Availability of parking facilities to the destination is good in the region but during the summer season these facilities is inadequate. Pay and park facilities is available at few destinations. It should be implemented at every destination in the region. 8.

Cleanliness causes to attract the tourists; many tourist destinations are well cleaned. But it is difficult to maintain the cleanliness at all times.

9.

The police service is needed for the security of tourist centers and maintaining peace in the centre.

228

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31. Websites: i.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siddheshwar

ii.

www.solapuronline.in/city-guide/shri-siddheshwar-temple-in-solapur.

iii.

www.hindu-blog.com/2014/01/siddheshwar-yatra-in-solapur.

iv.

https://www.worldweatheronline.com

v.

www.shreeswami.org.

vi.

www.shreeswami.org/swami-samarth-of-akkalkot

vii.

www.vitthalrukminimandir.org/English/home.html

viii.

www.pandharpurwari.com

ix.

www.districtsolapur.com

x.

https://mahades.maharashtra.gov.in

xi.

www.india-tourism.net/fairs-festivals

231