HIS3931 - Spreading the Word 12/07/2007 07:48:00 Origins of New Spain • Cristobal Colon o Fernando of Aragon and Isabel of Castile o The Ocean Sea Promised wealth for the king so they could fight the Muslims He said that they would have enough money to push the Muslims back and take over Jerusalem o Grenada Outpost under Muslim hands in southern Spain The Spanish take over the outpost they were ecstatic for their accomplishment and allowed Columbus to take the voyage o Reconquista
the reconquest of the Iberian lands from the Muslims o Columbus leaves with three ships lands in the beaches of San Salvador (the Bahamas) ushered in a new area in world history • Contact o discovery vs. encounter they discovered them for Europe but they have been there all along encounter is a much better way to explain the event o San Salvador (Hispaniola) lands in Hispaniola “many islands filled with people innumerable” o Tainos he encountered the Tainos
“child like, primitive” thought they had no religion he observes gold in some places he learns about the Caribs from them o Caribs war like, savage, practice cannibalism o the natives believed the swords were from another world, they did not have those metals o they also believed the Europeans were godlike their height and skin color Europeans are shorter Clothing Armor Intrigued with facial hair Horses ships
bad breath, bad manners, repulsed the Indians o the Spaniards needed the help from the Indians to feed themselves. The natives saw this as weird. • Colonization o phases of Iberian conquest and colonization: 1492 – 1570 main lines of administration and economy established 1570 – 1700 consolidation and maturity 1700s reform and reorganization o Columbus thought he landed in Japan and that China was just a little further o he was able to receive money for a second voyage the second voyage was much larger and equipped to built a town in the west Indies
17 ships and thousands of men o their next step was the Caribbean Islands Caribbean Crucible o Once the Indians realized the Europeans were here to stay they did not like it and started to fight them o The king gave a grant of labor to indigenous people to a conquistador the people and land were called encomiendas and the conquistadors with the grants were encomienderos the idea is to extract as many resources as possible they basically institute a slave labor economy o the Spanish were already experienced with slavery so it wasn’t a big jump to have slavery in 55Hispaniola
o They take over the lands of current day Puerto Rico 1508 Cuba 1511 Panama/North Coast of S. America 1513 Mexico 1520s Peru 1530s o Cortes and the conquest of México technology did not play as much of a role alliances were much more important Montezuma believes that Cortes is a God he comes the year that the God was supposed to come back to México disease over the long run disease was of enormous importance to the decline of natives part of a broader process o Columbian Exchange
disease is one of those exchanges plants and animals o By the end of 1570s Portugal had trading places in Asia had a claim of brazil Spain were claiming the 7Philippines Spain and Portugal come to an agreement with the Treaty of Tordesillas
• Christianity: ally or critic? o Universalism o Roman Empire Benefited from the large empire the early bishops played a role as proverbial governors in the empire appealed primary to the poor people it takes a while for the Romans and the Christians to get together
eventually there is an alliance between the Church and the Empire Holy Roman Empire Charles V o The Three Cs (for Roman Empires) Christianity seen as part of the Roman Empire (crucial) Civilization Commerce o De las Casas Debated the empires fought for the rights of American Natives he did not want to stop the control over the natives, he just wanted it to look differently
12/07/2007 07:48:00
12/07/2007 07:48:00