02x04 - Spreading The Word

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HIS3931 - Spreading the Word 12/07/2007 07:48:00 Origins of New Spain • Cristobal Colon o Fernando of Aragon and Isabel of Castile o The Ocean Sea  Promised wealth for the king so they could fight the Muslims  He said that they would have enough money to push the Muslims back and take over Jerusalem o Grenada  Outpost under Muslim hands in southern Spain  The Spanish take over the outpost  they were ecstatic for their accomplishment and allowed Columbus to take the voyage o Reconquista

 the reconquest of the Iberian lands from the Muslims o Columbus leaves with three ships  lands in the beaches of San Salvador (the Bahamas)  ushered in a new area in world history • Contact o discovery vs. encounter  they discovered them for Europe but they have been there all along  encounter is a much better way to explain the event o San Salvador (Hispaniola)  lands in Hispaniola  “many islands filled with people innumerable” o Tainos  he encountered the Tainos

 “child like, primitive”  thought they had no religion  he observes gold in some places  he learns about the Caribs from them o Caribs  war like, savage, practice cannibalism o the natives believed the swords were from another world, they did not have those metals o they also believed the Europeans were godlike  their height and skin color  Europeans are shorter  Clothing  Armor  Intrigued with facial hair  Horses  ships

 bad breath, bad manners, repulsed the Indians o the Spaniards needed the help from the Indians to feed themselves. The natives saw this as weird. • Colonization o phases of Iberian conquest and colonization:  1492 – 1570 main lines of administration and economy established  1570 – 1700 consolidation and maturity  1700s reform and reorganization o Columbus thought he landed in Japan and that China was just a little further o he was able to receive money for a second voyage  the second voyage was much larger and equipped to built a town in the west Indies

 17 ships and thousands of men o their next step was the Caribbean Islands  Caribbean Crucible o Once the Indians realized the Europeans were here to stay they did not like it and started to fight them o The king gave a grant of labor to indigenous people to a conquistador  the people and land were called encomiendas and the conquistadors with the grants were encomienderos  the idea is to extract as many resources as possible  they basically institute a slave labor economy o the Spanish were already experienced with slavery so it wasn’t a big jump to have slavery in 55Hispaniola

o They take over the lands of current day  Puerto Rico 1508  Cuba 1511  Panama/North Coast of S. America 1513  Mexico 1520s  Peru 1530s o Cortes and the conquest of México  technology did not play as much of a role  alliances were much more important  Montezuma believes that Cortes is a God  he comes the year that the God was supposed to come back to México  disease  over the long run disease was of enormous importance to the decline of natives  part of a broader process o Columbian Exchange

 disease is one of those exchanges  plants and animals o By the end of 1570s  Portugal had trading places in Asia  had a claim of brazil  Spain were claiming the 7Philippines  Spain and Portugal come to an agreement with the Treaty of Tordesillas

• Christianity: ally or critic? o Universalism o Roman Empire  Benefited from the large empire  the early bishops played a role as proverbial governors in the empire  appealed primary to the poor people  it takes a while for the Romans and the Christians to get together

 eventually there is an alliance between the Church and the Empire  Holy Roman Empire  Charles V o The Three Cs (for Roman Empires)  Christianity  seen as part of the Roman Empire (crucial)  Civilization  Commerce o De las Casas  Debated the empires  fought for the rights of American Natives he did not want to stop the control over the natives, he just wanted it to look differently

12/07/2007 07:48:00

12/07/2007 07:48:00

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