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jynfwiG f;ppft_yD;jyefvnfwnfaqmufa&; 7Je, G r f ;dk 2008 ckESpf Ekd0ifbm 4 &ufae@rS ‘bm;&uf [lpdef tkdbm;rm;’ qkdwJhvlrnf; wpfa,muf tar&duefjynfaxmifpkrSm orRwjzpfzkd@ rJtjywftowf&cJhwma=umifh/ tJ'Dhae@rSmyJ tar&duefjynfwGif;ppf[m trSefwu,f+yD;qkH;oGm;cJhygw,f? tar&duefjynfwGif;ppf[m 1861 ck/ Zlvkdif (21)&ufae@rSm Am*sD;eD;,m; jynfe,frSm pwifcJh+yD;/ aemufESpfaygif; (147)ESpft=umrSm tJ'D jynfe,f&JŒrJykH;awGu wqifh tqk;H owfEidk cf yhJ g+yD? Am*s;D eD;,m;jynfe,f[m u|epf epfuadk umif;cs;D ay;cJyh gw,f? 1861 ckESpfrSm jynfaxmifpkuaecGJxGufzkd@óud;pm;cJhwma=umifh jynfwGif;ppfrD;avmif cJhygw,f? tckAm*sD;eD;,m;u vljzLawGuyJ tar&duef jynfaxmifpk&JŒ (44)OD;ajrmuf orwtjzpf 'Drkdu&ufygwDu vlrnf;bm;&uftkdbm;rm;ukd rJay;cJh+yD;/ jynfwGif;ppf&JŒ aemufqkH;pmrsufESmudk tqkH;owfEkdifcJhygw,f? tar&durSm vljzLvlrnf;t=um;wif;rmr_awGu t+rJ&SdcJh+yD;/ vlrnf;tcGifh ta&; v_y&f mS ;r_/ ynma&;&ykid cf iG ahf wmif;qkrd /_ rmwifvo l muif;&JŒ wku d yf aJG c:oH/ 1964 ckESpf jynfol@&ykdifcGifhtufOya'awGeJ@ wqifh+yD;wqifhv_yf&Sm;cJh=uygw,f? jynfwGif;ppf [m +yDq;Hk oGm;w,f&,fv@dk r&Sb d J tck vljzLtrsm;pku tmz&dueftar&duefwa,muf ukd orRwtjzpfa¶G;csufvkdufawmhrS trSefwu,f ed*kH;csKyfEkdifw,fvkd@qkd&ygr,f? tcuftcJtusyftwnf;aygif;pkH=um;u tar&du[m +yD;cJhwJt*F gae@ rSmawmh rwljcm;em;wJEh idk if w H Ekid if jH zpfomG ;yg+yD? wef;wltcGit hf a&;&zk@d óud;yrf;r_awG[m orkid ;f eJ@cs=D umanmif;ayr,f/h Ekid if o H m;wkid ;f / uav;wkid ;f / ajymif;a¶$Œtajccsvmolwidk ;f twGuf tar&durSm t&m&mjzpfEkdifw,fqkdwm ajymae=uyg+yD? emrnfausmf ‘tar&d ueftdyfruf’ awGjyefvnfEkd;xvmyg+yD? aocsmwmuawmh &mpkwpfckrSm wpf}udrfjzpfwwfwJhpD;yGm;a&;uyfu vlrJ wpfa,muf orwjzpfvmzkd@/ vljzLawGukdv_Haqmfay;EkdifcJhygw,f? tkdbm;rm;&JŒ ‘tajymif;tvJ’ (change) qkdwJhaºuG;a=umfoH rufaqhcsfu wurBmvkH;ukd v_yfE_d; vkduf+yD;/ rwlnDr_awGukd qGJaphvkdufygw,f? 'ga=umifhyJ ol[m yxrqkH;tar&duef vlrnf;orw jzpfvmcJhygw,f? 68
trSwf(1)? 'DZifbmv 2008 ckeSpf
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ok@d aomf }uD;us,af tmifjrifr,fo h rwrsK;d oljzpfvmEkid yf grh vm;? tkb d m;rm; rSm tcGifhta&;awG&Sdaeygw,f? tar&du&JŒ trkdufarSmifqkH;umvawG/ urBmhvlxk&JŒ pdwf"mwf tqkH;pGefusqkH;aewJhumvawGrSm t}uD;us,fqkH;orRwawG arG;xkwf wwfygw,f? vifuGef;/ ¶kpAJheJ@ x¶l;rif; wkd@[m 'DvkdumvawGrSm ay:xGufvmcJh olawGyg? [m;AwfwuUokdvfEkdifiHa&;ynm&Sif rkdufu,fvfqef',fvfu “'Duae@ vltrsm;pku aps;uGufawG aESmif;óud;rJhv$wfxm;jcif;[m jynfol@tusKd;jyKvkyfief; (public goods) jzpfvmr,fqkdwmrsKd;ukd vufrcH=uawmhbl;? aps;uGufpepfu csrf;omaygºuG,f0r_ jzpfapw,f? 'gayr,fh rvkHòcHr_/ vlwef;pm;rnDr#r_eJ@ tE W&m,f aygif;pkHudkvnf; jzpfay:apw,f? tck aps;uGufpepf tvGeftu|HusifhokH;r_u pD;yGm;a&; usqif;r_eJ@ jy\emaygif;pkH a&m¹yGrf;ygvmw,f? tkdbm;rm;u aps;uGufpepfukd xdef; csKyfay;&r,f/ tvkyfvufrJh/ usef;rma&;apmifha&Smufr_jy\emawGukdajz&Sif;+yD; EkdifiH om;awGukd tumtuG,fay;&r,f? pGrf;tifrSDckdvGef;r_ausmfv$m;zkd@ tpkd;&u¾topf zefqif;&vdrfhr,f? trsm;aumif;usKd;vkyfief;awG wu,ftxajrmufvmzkd@ tpkd;& u¾ukd u&d,mwpfckvkd ukdifwG,ftokH;cs&vdrfhr,fvkd@qkdygw,f?” 'gawGtm;vkH;[m rvG,fvSwJhpdefac:r_awGygyJ? tar&duefjynfwGif;ppf[m wu,f+yD;qkH;oGm;ayr,fh/ jyefvnfwnfaqmufa&;vkyfief;awGu iHhvifhóudqkdaeyg w,f? 1930 jynfv h eG t f apmykid ;f urBmEh idk if aH &;/ pD;yGm;a&;taxGaxGtusyt f wnf; rsm;u tar&duukd acwfopfwpfckpwifzkd@ pdefac:cJhygw,f? z&efuvif 'Dvmckd ¶kpAJh &JŒ u|rf;usifr_eJ@&nfrSef;csufawGu acwfopfrSmOD;aqmifr_ay;+yD; ykHazmfEkdifcJhygw,f? tkdbm;rm;uvnf; &mpkopfpdefac:r_rsm;twGuf tvm;wlOD;aqmifr_rsKd;ay;zkd@ u|rf; usifr_eJ@ t&nftcsif;ukd jyo&ygvdrfhr,f? tkyfcsKyfr_ykHpHopfeJ@ qef;opfwDwGifr_tkdif'D,mopfawGtwGuf tkdbm;rm; ukd,fpm;ðyEkdif&ygvdrfhr,f? urBmhtv,frSm ykHysufoGm;wJh tar&duef&JŒi,f¶kyfukd tkdbm;rm; jyefqifoEkdif&ygr,f? 'g[m orkdif;u tkdbm;rm;ykckH;ay:wifay;vkdufwJh wm0ef0wW&m;rsm;ygyJvdk@ qdk=uygw,f? &nf!Gef; Finishing Our Works by Thomas L. Friedman Obama's Third Way by Fareed Zakaria
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