01 Introduction To Umtsnew #pres

Introduction to UMTS

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Objectives After completing this module, the participant should be able to:

• List at least three significant events in the evolution of CDMA networks

• List the four main network subsystems of UMTS Release 99 • Explain how existing GSM networks have evolved to support additional services and new technologies

• Name the four basic air interface access technologies • List at least three key benefits of WCDMA and identify at least three advantages of 3G networks for both the operator and the end-user 2

without using any references.

© NOKIA CTXX 5319en 3.0.PPT/ 17.12.2002 / Björn Wigforss

Significant events in (W)CDMA evolution 1900 First human voice transmission (Reginald Fessenden) 1906 First radio broadcast (Fessenden) 1948

John Pierce describes CDMA Multiplexing

1949 CDMA effects 1956

Claude Shannon & John Pierce describe major "Antimultipath" RAKE receiver patented

Where was CDMA first used? 3

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Significant events in (W)CDMA evolution 1970s CDMA used in several military communication and navigation systems Why was CDMA implemented for military use? 1980s Studies for narrowband CDMA for commercial mobile networks 1990s

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Studies for wideband (~5 MHz) CDMA for mobile cellular systems

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Significant events in (W)CDMA evolution 1993 1996

USA used CDMA standardised in 2nd generation UMTS forum established

1997

ITU requests proposals for candidate radio transmission technologies for IMT-2000 radio interface

1998

ITU receives 10 proposals for terrestrial RTTs and 5 for satellite RTTs including: - CDMA2000 (USA) - ARIB W-CDMA(Japan) - UTRA (Europe)

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Significant events in (W)CDMA evolution

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1998

3GPP formed to develop of a joint 3G system based on evolved GSM core and UTRA air interface

1999

ETSI starts UMTS project

1999

4 UMTS licenses awarded in Finland (beauty contest, January)

2003

Commercial use of WCDMA network

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International Mobile Telephone - 2000 for 3G Systems rk o w e m Fra

IMT-2000 radio interface options

TDMA

CDMA Direct Spread Multi Carrier (on paired frequency spectrum)

(on paired frequency spectrum)

FDMA

Time Code

Single Carrier

Time Code

(on unpaired frequency spectrum)

(on paired frequency spectrum)

(on unpaired frequency spectrum)

3G systems UWC-136 (EDGE)

cdma2000

FDD mode 7

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UMTS

TDD mode

(DECT)

Specification Bodies OHG

UMTS 3G.IP

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Vision of UMTS Specification • • • • •

Worldwide specified Clear added value to GSM and backward compatible with GSM/ISDN Full support for multimedia and advanced services Generic radio access Services must not be limited by the network capability. UMTS Release 99

new radio interface solution • more efficient • more flexible

WCDMA • FDD-mode • TDD-mode 9

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network evolution • enhanced GSM core network • enhanced service infrastructure

3GPP Specifications • UMTS Rel' 99 • Compatibility with GSM → Inter-operability → Services • UTRAN specifications, including WCDMA air interface (Uu) • Release 4 and 5 • mainly specifies All-IP core network • call control and bearer control in separate network elements • Real time QoS classes for packet switched infrastructure • additional WCDMA solution (low chip rate TDD mode) • Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) • Release 4 approximately implemented starting from year 2003-2004

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The subsystems of UMTS ATM WCDMA

Uu

UE UE

Iu

RAN RAN

Service Service Platform Platform

CN CN O&M

UE = User Equipment RAN = Radio Acces Network CN = Core Network NMS = Network Management System

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NMS NMS

3G network management layers Communication Management (CM)

Higher layer functions: • Service-related • Charging of a Bearer

Session Management (SM) Mobility Management (MM) Radio Resource Management (RRM)

UE

RAN

CN

Managed mainly by CN domains Control of Radio Resources • Location Update • Location Registration • Admission Control • Paging • Code Allocation • Security • Positioning • Power Control • etc. • Handover Control and Macro Diversity 12

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Circuit/Packet-switched session management: • PDP Context Activation • CS-call Setup • Bearer Need • etc.

3G Access Rate targets 3G Radio Access

Pedestrian & Office (<10 km/h): Outdoor (< 150 km/h): Outdoor (<250 km/h): bit rate <= 2 Mb/s bit rate 384 kb/s, target 512 kb/sbit rate 144 kb/s, preferably more

Environment

RT Service Peak Rate (Delay fixed 20 – 300 ms)

NRT Service Peak Rate (Delay varies 20 – 300 ms)

Rural Outdoor (Speed < 250 km/h)

144 – 384 kb/s

144 – 384 kb/s

Urban/Suburban (Speed < 150 km/h)

384 – 512 kb/s

384 – 512 kb/s

Indoor/Low Range Outdoor - 2 Mb/s (Speed < 10 km/h) (Special conditions) 13

© NOKIA CTXX 5319en 3.0.PPT/ 17.12.2002 / Björn Wigforss

- 2 Mb/s (Special conditions)

Network evolution HW/SW Changes

HLR & AC & EIR IP Networks

BTS

BSC

MSC&VLR

TCSM

PSTN ISDN

BTS

BSC

Value Added Service Platform(s): SMSC, VMS

TCSM

SGSN

IN

TRX Change & Transmission Upgrade GGSN IP Networks

BTS

RNC

MGW

3G-SGSN

UMTS adds Rel'3;improved new BTS,data Radio Network Controller, Media witched Gateway, 3GGPRS services with a new Packets backbone GPRS is added to existing networks to support Packed Data Data Even Higher A Rates GSM at data the in network start, GSM rates VAS are are is increased obtained made (value from added by by 3 introducing implementation Sub-Systems services) were EDGE (BSS, of part in Features NSS the of GSM GSM and like networks OSS) network HSCSD IN was introduced new and services and (e.g. Pre-Paid) SGSN Wherefor SGSN GGSN aredifferentiation two main elements 14

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CDMA theory

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The difference between analogue and digital

Analogue

So you see bla, bla, bla, yada, yada 110000110101100011101110001

Digital

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FDD and TDD Duplex Transmission

Time Division Duplex t im e

t im e

Frequency Division Duplex

Uplink Downlink

lin k Do wn

Up lin k

Uplink Downlink Uplink Downlink

frequency 17

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frequency

ob e2 ile ph m on ob e3 ile ph on e4

ho n m

ob ile p

m

m

ob ile p

ho n

e1

tim

e

With FDMA, the users transmit simultaneously using separate frequencies

frequency carrier band 18

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Space Division Multiple Access

Disadvantages with FDMA? 19

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TDMA divides the frequency into multiple time slices tim

e

Mobile Phone 3 Mobile Phone 2 Mobile Phone 1 Mobile Phone 4 Mobile Phone 3

Mobile Phone 2

TDMA frame

Mobile Phone 1 Mobile Phone 4 Mobile Phone 3 Mobile Phone 2 Mobile Phone 1 carrier band 20

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TDMA frame

frequency

Code Division Multiple Access

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Sharing the frequency by using different codes Power (P)

Time Codes

Frequency 22

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WCDMA air interface properties Originating Bit

Frequency Band

Power

Duration (spreading factor)

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Received Bit

WCDMA

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Spreading and sharing the same space P

User A

P P f

f Data after spreading

Data P

P

User B

f 24

P

© NOKIA CTXX 5319en 3.0.PPT/ 17.12.2002 / Björn Wigforss

f Transmission over the air

f

f Despread User B A signal at the receiver

Managing interference in CDMA p

interferen ce interference

p

sign al

sign al interferen ce interference f T ransm issio n o ver th e air

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© NOKIA CTXX 5319en 3.0.PPT/ 17.12.2002 / Björn Wigforss

f Despread sign al at the receiver

Features of WCDMA • Efficient use of spectrum • Limited frequency management • Low mobile station transmit power • Uplink and downlink resource utilisation independent • Wide variety of data rates • Improvement of multi-path resolution • Statistical multiplexing advantage • Increased standby-time from higher rate control channels.

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© NOKIA CTXX 5319en 3.0.PPT/ 17.12.2002 / Björn Wigforss

Key operator benefits • New service capabilities means new business opportunities for operators, (further differentiation) • Revenue opportunity with increased data/voice traffic • New frequency spectrum • The path towards IP mobility

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© NOKIA CTXX 5319en 3.0.PPT/ 17.12.2002 / Björn Wigforss

Key end-user benefits • Integrated customised services • Simplified service provisioning and service upgrades • Wireless personal Internet • Multimedia messaging • Enhanced e-mail • Telecommuting • Improved quality of service • Support for video/audio clips 28

© NOKIA CTXX 5319en 3.0.PPT/ 17.12.2002 / Björn Wigforss

Please answer the Review questions

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© NOKIA CTXX 5319en 3.0.PPT/ 17.12.2002 / Björn Wigforss

Review questions 1. e 2. RAN, NMS,CN,UE 3. c 4. b 5. false 6. FDMA, SDMA, CDMA, TDMA 7. c 8. digital sampling resulting in bitstream 9. d 10. false 11. i

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© NOKIA CTXX 5319en 3.0.PPT/ 17.12.2002 / Björn Wigforss