World Youth Data Sheet 2006
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The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet POPULATION REFERENCE BUREAU 1875 Connecticut Ave., NW, Suite 520 | Washington, DC 20009 Telephone: 202-483-1100 | Fax: 202-328-3937 Website: www.prb.org | E–mail: [email protected]
BRinging Information to Decisionmakers for Global Effectiveness
The Gender Gap in Secondary Schooling Is Closing in Most Developing Countries. The gap between boys’ and girls’ school enrollments has narrowed in the last decade as girls’ enrollments have risen throughout the developing world. Girls have an educational advantage in much of Latin America and are roughly on par with boys in Southeast and East Asia. But girls still face disadvantages in parts of South Asia, western Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa. Girls enrolled per 100 boys
1990
2000/04
113 97
94
110
100
81 75
70 60 53 45
21
Yemen
Senegal
India
China
Thailand
Colombia
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics, www.uis.unesco.org.
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
1
Labor Force Participation Is Declining Among Adolescents of Both Sexes. As more young people ages 15 to 19 are enrolled and stay in school, participation in the labor force is declining. The percent economically active is highest among young men in less developed countries, but has declined for both young men and women in more and less developed countries. Percent ages 15–19 reported as economically active
1990
59
2005
50
48 41 36 32
30 27
Young Women
Young Men
Young Women
M O R E D E V ELOP E D CO U NT R IES
Young Men
L ESS D E VE LO P E D CO U NT R IES
Source: International Labour Organization, LABORSTA database (October 2005).
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
2
Early Marriage Has Declined but Is Still Widespread. In most parts of the developing world, young women today are less likely to marry early compared with their mothers’ generation. However, child marriage—defined as marriage before age 18—is still widespread and is contrary to international conventions on women’s and children’s rights. Percent Women ages 20–24 married by age 18
Western Asia & North Africa
Caribbean & Central America
Eastern & Southern Africa
South Central & Southeast Asia
23
Women ages 40–44 married by age 18
46 35 38 37 53 42 58
Source: Tabulations of Demographic and Health Surveys from 51 countries, 1990–2001, in National Research Council, Growing Up Global: The Changing Transitions to Adulthood in Developing Countries (Washington, DC: National Academies Press, 2005).
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
3
Only a Minority of Young People Have Correct Knowledge About HIV/AIDS. Surveys in developing countries reveal that less than half of young people can correctly identify two ways to avoid getting HIV/AIDS and reject common myths about the virus. Young women generally have less knowledge than young men. Percent of 15–24-year-olds with comprehensive knowledge about HIV/AIDS*
47
Young men
Young women
44 40
38 34
33
28 21 18 15 7
8 1
Botswana
Ghana
Kenya
Nigeria
Haiti
0 Armenia Indonesia
*See definition on front side of chart. Survey years range from 2000–2003. Source: ORC Macro, MEASURE DHS+, HIV/AIDS database.
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
4
Adolescents Are Less Likely Than Young Adults to Use Modern Contraceptives. Young women ages 15 to 19 are less likely to use modern contraceptives than women ages 20 to 24. Lower use may reflect a lack of awareness of family planning among women who marry young, societal expectations about having a first child, and more limited access to services for adolescents. Percent of married women using a modern contraceptive method
Ages 15–19
Ages 20–24 52 47
45
40
38 34
24 19 14 9
7 4 Burkina Faso Tanzania
Vietnam
Algeria
Bangladesh
Peru
Source: ORC Macro, Demographic and Health Surveys; and Pan Arab Project for Family Health of the League of Arab States. Survey years range from 2000–2004.
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
5
POPULATION
WORLD MORE DEVELOPED LESS DEVELOPED LESS DEVELOPED (Excl. China) AFRICA Sub-Saharan Africa NORTHERN AFRICA Algeria Egypt Libya Morocco Sudan Tunisia WESTERN AFRICA Benin Burkina Faso Cape Verde Côte d’Ivoire Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea-Bissau Liberia Mali Mauritania Niger Nigeria Senegal Sierra Leone Togo
EDUCATION
Youth Ages 10–24 2006 % of Total Pop. Millions
Youth Ages 10–24 2025 % of Total Pop. Millions
Girls’ Secondary School Enrollment as % of Boys’ Enrollment 1990 2000/04
1,773 236 1,537 1,216 305 257 61 10.9 23.3 1.8 9.7 11.8 3.1 90 2.9 4.7 0.2 6.4 0.5 7.5 3.1 0.5 1.1 4.7 1 4.6 45.4 4.1 1.8 2.1
1,845 207 1,638 1,380 424 372 67 10.1 27.3 2 10.1 15.2 2.4 131 4.6 7.8 0.2 8 0.7 9.1 4.9 1 2 8.1 1.6 8.8 62.8 5.4 2.8 3.1
79 102 74 74 73 72 78 81 79 — 73 79 79 64 41 52 — 48 49 63 33 — — 51 46 43 77 53 57 34
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
27 19 29 30 33 33 31 33 31 31 30 32 30 33 33 34 35 35 31 33 32 32 33 34 31 32 34 34 31 33
23 17 25 27 32 33 26 23 27 25 25 30 20 33 32 34 29 32 30 29 33 34 34 34 32 33 33 31 32 32
95 102 93 92 85 80 95 108 93 106 84 84 108 73 45 64 109 55 68 81 45 57 72 56 80 75 80 70 71 43
WORK
% Enrolled in Secondary School Latest Year 2000/2004 Female Male 63 107 57 54 34 26 67 83 82 108 41 32 81 26 17 9 73 18 28 38 15 13 28 14 20 6 32 16 22 22
See Notes, page 18
66 105 61 58 40 33 70 77 88 102 49 38 75 35 38 14 67 33 41 47 33 23 39 25 25 8 40 23 31 51
% Economically Active Ages 15–19 1990 Female Male 45 32 48 38 47 53 23 13 19 10 38 26 32 47 59 73 43 38 60 61 68 52 45 70 55 63 36 57 34 45
55 36 59 53 60 64 45 35 43 36 50 58 46 65 54 82 74 63 72 41 67 68 47 76 66 87 67 65 54 64
% Economically Active Ages 15–19 2005 Female Male 39 27 41 45 45 50 21 12 17 10 32 25 29 43 50 66 40 37 55 50 62 51 38 63 51 62 34 54 31 44
47 30 50 46 55 59 40 29 39 30 39 53 41 58 47 71 63 56 66 38 61 65 41 69 60 82 57 59 50 60
6
POPULATION Youth Ages 10–24 2006 % of Total Pop. Millions EASTERN AFRICA Burundi Comoros Djibouti Eritrea Ethiopia Kenya Madagascar Malawi Mauritius Mozambique Reunion Rwanda Somalia Tanzania Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe MIDDLE AFRICA Angola Cameroon Central African Republic Chad Congo, Dem. Rep. of Congo, Rep. of Gabon SOUTHERN AFRICA Botswana Lesotho Namibia South Africa Swaziland
100 2.8 0.3 0.3 1.5 26.5 12.2 6.1 4.4 0.3 6.7 0.2 3.4 2.6 13.4 10 4.2 5.1 37 5.5 5.7 1.4 3.3 19.3 1.3 0.5 17 0.7 0.7 0.7 14.8 0.4
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
34 35 33 33 33 33 35 32 33 24 33 25 36 30 34 34 36 39 33 33 34 34 32 33 33 34 32 37 39 36 31 41
EDUCATION
Youth Ages 10–24 2025 % of Total Pop. Millions 148 4.7 0.4 0.3 2.4 38.7 18.3 9.4 6.9 0.3 9.3 0.2 4.4 4.5 17.1 20.6 5.7 4.8 62 8.9 6.8 1.8 5.8 35.1 2.5 0.6 16 0.6 0.6 0.8 14.1 0.3
33 33 31 31 33 33 33 32 35 20 34 23 33 32 32 34 35 33 34 33 31 34 34 34 34 31 30 34 35 30 29 35
Girls’ Secondary School Enrollment as % of Boys’ Enrollment 1990 2000/04 71 58 65 66 — 75 74 97 46 101 57 — 76 — 70 56 67 87 — — 71 40 20 — 72 — 117 112 147 126 116 93
77 69 82 69 65 57 94 93 78 100 68 — 83 — 83 82 83 92 64 81 82 — 32 54 73 86 109 107 130 112 108 102
WORK
% Enrolled in Secondary School Latest Year 2000/2004 Female Male 19 9 28 20 22 16 32 14 29 81 13 — 15 — 5 18 25 35 16 17 28 — 7 13 27 42 86 75 39 66 91 46
See Notes, page 18
24 13 34 29 34 28 34 15 37 81 19 — 18 — 6 22 30 38 26 21 34 — 22 24 37 49 79 70 30 59 84 45
% Economically Active Ages 15–19 1990 Female Male 64 83 54 — 68 55 67 55 64 26 64 14 83 56 76 75 62 44 55 69 38 57 60 57 44 55 38 42 38 32 39 32
69 85 60 — 64 62 75 68 61 51 70 19 86 66 70 80 70 55 63 82 63 63 68 59 52 56 45 46 53 54 44 47
% Economically Active Ages 15–19 2005 Female Male 61 80 52 — 65 53 64 53 59 28 62 12 81 53 70 70 60 43 52 67 37 53 59 52 42 50 33 36 35 27 33 31
64 83 58 — 60 58 67 62 57 42 65 15 85 61 67 74 66 53 58 80 55 56 65 54 49 51 37 40 47 48 36 44
7
POPULATION Youth Ages 10–24 2006 % of Total Pop. Millions NORTH AMERICA Canada United States LATIN AMERICA/CARIBBEAN CENTRAL AMERICA Costa Rica El Salvador Guatemala Honduras Mexico Nicaragua Panama CARIBBEAN Cuba Dominican Republic Haiti Jamaica Puerto Rico Trinidad and Tobago SOUTH AMERICA Argentina Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia Ecuador Guyana Paraguay Peru Uruguay Venezuela
71 6.5 64.4 161 45 1.3 2.1 4.3 2.5 31.7 1.9 0.9 11 2.4 2.8 3 0.8 0.9 0.4 106 10.1 2.9 51.7 4.3 13.2 4 0.2 2 8.5 0.8 8
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
21 20 21 28 30 29 30 33 33 29 34 27 28 21 31 35 30 23 28 28 26 31 27 26 28 30 28 32 30 23 29
EDUCATION
Youth Ages 10–24 2025 % of Total Pop. Millions 74 5.9 68.2 165 45 1.2 2.3 6.1 2.9 29.1 2.2 1 10 1.8 2.9 3.2 0.7 0.8 0.3 110 10.2 3.5 52.9 3.8 13.8 4.2 0.2 2.6 8.9 0.8 8.7
19 16 19 24 24 22 26 32 28 22 28 24 23 16 26 30 25 19 19 23 22 28 23 19 24 25 22 28 24 21 24
Girls’ Secondary School Enrollment as % of Boys’ Enrollment 1990 2000/04 101 100 101 — 103 105 106 — — 101 137 107 114 114 136 96 106 — 105 — 102 85 — 108 113 102 106 104 90 — 138
100 99 100 107 108 108 100 93 — 109 118 107 — 98 123 — 102 — 109 107 106 97 110 101 110 102 104 103 92 113 115
WORK
% Enrolled in Secondary School Latest Year 2000/2004 Female Male 95 105 94 92 76 69 59 41 — 83 66 73 — 92 65 — 85 — 86 99 103 85 115 92 74 60 97 66 86 112 75
See Notes, page 18
95 106 94 85 71 64 59 44 — 76 56 68 — 94 53 — 83 — 79 92 97 88 105 91 67 59 93 64 93 99 65
% Economically Active Ages 15–19 1990 Female Male 43 55 42 30 29 26 25 26 23 30 26 21 22 15 20 39 32 7 18 32 24 35 41 18 29 19 23 28 16 28 18
46 59 45 58 60 59 66 72 65 58 65 46 42 38 54 46 40 24 40 60 58 50 72 33 45 57 60 62 34 56 48
% Economically Active Ages 15–19 2005 Female Male 36 44 35 32 31 27 24 31 26 33 28 20 22 14 19 37 26 6 17 34 22 37 47 17 29 18 22 27 10 28 17
39 46 38 49 46 43 45 54 38 46 43 27 37 32 48 42 30 22 35 52 51 44 63 28 41 49 54 55 29 40 42
8
POPULATION
ASIA ASIA (EXCL. CHINA) WESTERN ASIA Armenia Azerbaijan Bahrain Cyprus Georgia Iraq Israel Jordan Kuwait Lebanon Oman Palestinian Territory Qatar Saudi Arabia Syria Turkey United Arab Emirates Yemen SOUTH-CENTRAL ASIA Afghanistan Bangladesh Bhutan India Iran Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka Tajikistan Turkmenistan Uzbekistan
EDUCATION
Youth Ages 10–24 2006 % of Total Pop. Millions
Youth Ages 10–24 2025 % of Total Pop. Millions
Girls’ Secondary School Enrollment as % of Boys’ Enrollment 1990 2000/04
1,087 767 65 0.9 2.6 0.2 0.2 1.1 9.6 1.7 1.8 0.6 1 0.8 1.2 0.2 7.6 6.6 20.5 1.1 7.6 500 10 45.7 0.7 331.1 25.3 4.1 1.7 9 54.2 5.4 2.4 1.6 9.1
1,063 806 78 0.5 1.9 0.2 0.2 0.6 13.3 2 2.2 0.8 1 1 2.1 0.2 9.9 7.9 21.2 1.3 12.2 538 17.8 52.2 0.9 349.2 20.3 3 1.6 11 64.8 4.7 2.4 1.5 8.6
72 71 70 112 101 103 102 97 64 108 104 98 107 81 — 106 79 73 63 121 21 60 52 52 — 60 75 104 102 44 48 109 — — 91
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
28 29 30 29 31 24 23 24 32 24 31 23 28 32 32 20 30 34 28 24 35 31 32 32 33 30 36 28 32 33 34 26 36 33 34
22 25 26 17 20 20 17 16 30 23 27 21 22 26 32 20 27 28 23 19 33 26 32 27 29 25 23 20 25 28 28 20 28 24 25
92 90 80 102 96 106 101 100 70 98 102 106 109 96 106 104 90 92 74 104 45 86 — 111 — 81 94 100 101 78 73 106 83 — 97
WORK
% Enrolled in Secondary School Latest Year 2000/2004 Female Male 59 55 59 88 81 99 99 80 35 92 87 92 83 79 90 96 63 46 67 80 29 48 — 50 — 47 75 92 92 39 19 89 78 — 94
See Notes, page 18
64 61 74 86 84 93 98 80 50 94 85 87 76 82 85 92 70 50 90 77 65 55 24 45 — 58 80 92 91 50 26 84 94 — 97
% Economically Active Ages 15–19 1990 Female Male 50 38 29 26 28 8 33 27 6 17 8 5 22 7 3 1 8 22 48 7 26 36 42 55 65 35 21 25 25 57 25 22 31 34 32
57 53 48 27 30 25 58 29 29 30 30 19 36 30 22 25 38 44 66 22 51 58 61 69 78 59 43 34 28 69 59 37 29 36 29
% Economically Active Ages 15–19 2005 Female Male 41 34 23 23 25 8 32 24 5 13 8 4 23 8 4 1 5 21 42 6 25 35 40 53 60 35 23 23 22 48 26 19 26 28 27
48 46 39 23 26 19 51 25 23 23 25 15 32 20 21 20 20 39 58 14 47 50 53 63 69 50 37 28 24 58 53 32 24 29 25
9
POPULATION Youth Ages 10–24 2006 % of Total Pop. Millions SOUTHEAST ASIA Cambodia Indonesia Laos Malaysia Myanmar Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam EAST ASIA China Hong Kong, SARa Japan Korea, North Korea, South Mongolia EUROPE NORTHERN EUROPE Denmark Estonia Finland Ireland Latvia Lithuania Norway Sweden United Kingdom WESTERN EUROPE Austria Belgium France Germany Netherlands Switzerland
164 5.2 62.9 2 7.4 15.4 26.8 0.9 16.1 26.6 358 319.9 1.3 19.7 5.7 10.2 0.9 140 19 1 0.3 1 0.9 0.5 0.8 0.9 1.7 11.7 33 1.4 1.9 11.3 14 2.9 1.3
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
29 36 28 33 29 30 32 21 25 31 23 24 18 15 25 21 32 19 20 18 21 19 21 21 23 19 19 20 18 18 18 19 17 18 18
EDUCATION
Youth Ages 10–24 2025 % of Total Pop. Millions 159 5.7 61.5 2.6 8 12.8 28.7 0.7 14.5 23.5 287 256.8 1.1 17.2 4.8 6.8 0.8 111 17 1 0.2 0.9 0.9 0.3 0.4 0.9 1.6 10.6 29 1.1 1.7 11 11.4 2.8 1.1
23 29 23 30 24 22 26 13 20 23 17 18 13 14 20 14 24 16 17 17 16 16 19 15 14 17 16 17 15 14 16 17 14 16 15
Girls’ Secondary School Enrollment as % of Boys’ Enrollment 1990 2000/04 90 43 83 62 107 98 104 93 94 91 78 75 105 102 — 97 114 103 102 101 111 119 109 100 102 103 105 100 100 93 101 105 97 92 95
99 65 98 74 110 95 110 — 100 93 98 97 103 100 — 101 115 104 120 105 103 111 110 100 99 103 119 125 100 95 110 101 98 98 94
WORK
% Enrolled in Secondary School Latest Year 2000/2004 Female Male 65 20 60 37 74 38 88 — 77 70 72 69 81 102 — 91 90 114 171 132 98 135 112 95 102 116 151 199 108 97 169 109 99 121 95
See Notes, page 18
65 31 61 50 67 40 80 — 77 75 73 71 79 102 — 90 78 109 142 126 95 122 102 95 103 113 127 159 108 102 153 108 101 123 101
% Economically Active Ages 15–19 1990 Female Male 48 69 36 74 31 60 31 29 68 74 60 66 26 16 28 19 52 29 50 65 26 36 22 29 20 35 41 58 26 45 9 7 39 41 49
55 54 48 80 43 72 41 28 68 67 58 64 35 20 30 11 63 35 53 72 32 36 30 33 27 35 38 62 32 54 12 14 46 44 56
% Economically Active Ages 15–19 2005 Female Male 41 68 34 71 30 54 30 18 58 45 49 53 17 13 20 13 44 24 37 51 20 27 19 21 16 27 32 42 21 36 9 6 28 34 39
44 52 40 72 34 64 35 18 60 41 48 52 23 16 22 10 51 28 39 54 25 29 24 25 23 29 30 44 25 40 11 12 32 36 44
10
POPULATION Youth Ages 10–24 2006 % of Total Pop. Millions EASTERN EUROPE Belarus Bulgaria Czech Republic Hungary Moldova Poland Romania Russia Slovakia Ukraine SOUTHERN EUROPE Albania Bosnia-Herzegovina Croatia Greece Italy Macedoniab Portugal Serbia and Montenegro Slovenia Spain OCEANIA Australia Fiji New Zealand Papua-New Guinea
64 2.2 1.4 1.9 1.9 1.1 8.5 4.4 31.3 1.2 9.9 25 0.9 0.8 0.8 1.9 8.6 0.5 1.8 2.2 0.3 6.9 8 4.2 0.3 0.9 2
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
22 22 19 18 18 26 22 20 22 22 22 17 29 20 19 17 15 23 17 21 18 16 24 21 29 22 33
EDUCATION
Youth Ages 10–24 2025 % of Total Pop. Millions 43 1.3 0.9 1.4 1.4 0.6 5.4 3 22.4 0.8 5.5 22 0.7 0.5 0.6 1.6 7.8 0.3 1.7 1.7 0.3 6.9 8 4.1 0.2 0.8 2.3
16 15 14 14 15 15 15 15 17 14 15 15 21 14 14 14 14 16 15 17 14 16 20 17 24 18 29
Girls’ Secondary School Enrollment as % of Boys’ Enrollment 1990 2000/04 104 — 104 97 101 109 105 99 106 100 — 103 86 — 109 98 100 99 116 103 101 107 93 104 — 102 59
— 102 97 102 100 104 95 101 — 101 99 102 100 — 102 99 99 98 109 101 99 106 99 98 106 106 79
WORK
% Enrolled in Secondary School Latest Year 2000/2004 Female Male — 92 97 98 106 75 102 85 — 92 96 104 81 — 91 97 99 84 118 89 109 121 114 155 83 116 22
See Notes, page 18
— 90 100 96 106 72 107 84 — 91 97 102 81 — 89 98 100 86 108 88 110 114 114 158 78 109 28
% Economically Active Ages 15–19 1990 Female Male 27 24 32 33 42 29 24 33 25 33 26 25 29 18 19 18 26 18 40 19 21 25 55 59 25 53 51
31 26 16 34 53 28 34 38 30 35 28 34 52 22 22 28 33 22 52 25 26 35 60 60 55 55 68
% Economically Active Ages 15–19 2005 Female Male 22 21 18 27 37 23 22 26 21 28 21 22 27 17 17 17 22 15 35 18 20 21 48 49 27 47 51
26 23 13 28 42 24 29 31 24 29 23 27 45 20 19 22 27 19 40 23 23 28 51 50 41 49 58
11
MARRIAGE & FERTILITY
% Ever Married Ages 15–19 Female Male WORLD MORE DEVELOPED LESS DEVELOPED LESS DEVELOPED (Excl. China) AFRICA Sub-Saharan Africa NORTHERN AFRICA Algeria Egypt Libya Morocco Sudan Tunisia WESTERN AFRICA Benin Burkina Faso Cape Verde Côte d’Ivoire Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea-Bissau Liberia Mali Mauritania Niger Nigeria Senegal Sierra Leone Togo
14 3 17 23 23 27 8 2 10 1 11 11 1 33 24 32 9 25 39 14 46 — — 49 28 62 33 28 47 20
3 — 3 4 2 3 — — 2 0 1 2 0 2 1 1 2 2 2 1 2 — — 5 1 4 1 — 6 2
HEALTH BEHAVIORS
% Women Giving Birth by Age 18†
% Women Ages 15–19 Giving Birth in One Year
Lifetime Births per Woman (TFR)
— — — 22 23 28 6 1 8 — 8 — 1 29 24 27 24 35 — 15 47 — — 45 25 47 28 27 — 19
6 2 7 9 11 13 4 1 5 1 4 6 1 13 11 12 10 13 13 7 16 20 23 19 8 27 13 9 19 10
2.7 1.6 3 3.4 5.1 5.6 3.3 2.4 3.1 3.5 2.5 5.2 2.1 5.9 5.9 6.2 4 5.2 5.5 4.4 5.7 7.1 6.8 7.1 5.9 8 5.9 5.1 6.5 5.4
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
% of Students Ages 13–15 Who Are Current Smokers Female Male — — — — — — 3 — 4 2 1 2 4 — — 12c — — — 3 — — — 5c 9 6 — 4 — 4
— — — — — — 7 — 4 9 4 11 19 — — 26c — — — 5 — — — 42c 20 22 — 20 — 15
% Unmarried Teens 15–19 Who Have Had Sex Female Male — — — — — 30 — — — — — — — 30 42 24 39d 53 — 31 28 — — 33 5 — 28 9 — 51
— — — — — — — — — — — — — 29 50 25 63d 55 — 19 50 — — 34 12 23 24 — — —
See Notes, page 18
USE OF HEALTH SERVICES
% Women Ages 15–24 With Comp. Knowledge of HIV/AIDS — — — — — 22 — — — — 12 — — 18 8 15 — 16 15 38 — 8 — 9 — 5 18 13 16 20
% Single, Sexually % Births to Active Women Women
— — — — — 35 — — — — — — — 28 16 47 47 25 — (36) (20) — — 17 — — 27 (33) — 25
— — — — — 45 — — — — — — — 45 (18) (71) 67 31 — (30) (43) — — (26) — — 51 (53) — 24
% Married Women Using Modern Contraception 15–19 20–24 — — — 17 14 12 27 24 24 — 36 — — 4 3 4 31 4 — 7 5 — — 4 3 2 4 2 — 4
— — — 31 23 18 43 38 41 — 53 — — 8 7 9 48 7 — 17 6 — — 7 4 5 7 4 — 6
12
MARRIAGE & FERTILITY
% Ever Married Ages 15–19 Female Male EASTERN AFRICA Burundi Comoros Djibouti Eritrea Ethiopia Kenya Madagascar Malawi Mauritius Mozambique Reunion Rwanda Somalia Tanzania Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe MIDDLE AFRICA Angola Cameroon Central African Republic Chad Congo, Dem. Rep. of Congo, Rep. of Gabon SOUTHERN AFRICA Botswana Lesotho Namibia South Africa Swaziland
27 7 12 5 31 30 20 33 37 11 43 2 7 — 24 32 27 23 — — 33 42 45 — — 22 4 5 — 6 4 9
3 1 3 — 2 3 2 7 4 1 6 0 2 — 2 7 2 1 — — 9 8 1 — — 4 1 2 — 3 1 1
HEALTH BEHAVIORS
% Women Giving Birth by Age 18†
% Women Ages 15–19 Giving Birth in One Year
Lifetime Births per Woman (TFR)
28 — 17 4 25 24 23 31 30 — 42 — 9 — 26 42 35 20 — — 33 38 48 — — 35 20 — — 20 20 —
12 5 6 3 8 10 11 15 17 3 18 4 4 7 14 18 16 11 19 14 14 13 19 23 15 14 7 8 9 9 7 4
5.6 6.8 5.4 4.2 5.4 5.4 4.9 5.2 6.5 1.9 5.5 2.5 6.1 7 5.7 6.9 5.7 3.8 6.3 6.8 5 4.9 6.3 6.7 6.3 4.3 2.9 3.1 3.5 4.2 2.8 3.9
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
% of Students Ages 13–15 Who Are Current Smokers Female Male — — — — — 1c 5 — 3c — 1c — — — — 3c 8 10c — — — — — — — — 10 2 5 — 11 3
— — — — — 4c 9 — 10c — 5c — — — — 4c 10 12c — — — — — — — — 20 4 17 — 21 10
% Unmarried Teens 15–19 Who Have Had Sex Female Male 27 — 8 — — 10 29 40 37 — 57 — 7 — 37 32 43 14 — — 55 38 49 — — 63 43 — — 46 43 —
38 — 38 — — 15 50 — 59 — 67 — 20 — 56 34 63 29 — — 43 49 31 — — 77 — — — 64 — —
See Notes, page 18
USE OF HEALTH SERVICES
% Women Ages 15–24 With Comp. Knowledge of HIV/AIDS — 24 7 — 37 — 34 — 34 — 20 — 23 — 44 28 31 — 15 9 27 5 8 15 — — 21 40 18 31 20 24
% Single, Sexually % Births to Active Women Women
35 — (31) — — (44) (38) 18 16 — 40 — — — 19 (48) 22 (35) — — 50 10 (10) — — 28 65 — — 52 66 —
40 — (25) — — (33) (42) 25 (36) — 53 — — — 46 (50) (33) (46) — — 53 10 (6) — — 33 75 — — 59 75 —
% Married Women Using Modern Contraception 15–19 20–24 12 — (5) 6 — 9 13 11 13 — 16 — 3 0 7 12 19 39 — — 15 2 1 — — 13 46 — 15 (40) (48) —
20 — 9 9 — 15 22 18 23 — 23 — 8 12 19 19 23 52 — — 14 3 2 — — 14 52 — 33 45 53 —
13
MARRIAGE & FERTILITY
% Ever Married Ages 15–19 Female Male NORTH AMERICA Canada United States LATIN AMERICA/CARIBBEAN CENTRAL AMERICA Costa Rica El Salvador Guatemala Honduras Mexico Nicaragua Panama CARIBBEAN Cuba Dominican Republic Haiti Jamaica Puerto Rico Trinidad and Tobago SOUTH AMERICA Argentina Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia Ecuador Guyana Paraguay Peru Uruguay Venezuela
3 3 3 17 19 — 22 20 32 17 30 22 — — 30 19 — 19 9 16 12 12 17 12 18 22 7 13 11 13 18
1 1 1 4 6 — 2 6 7 6 9 5 — — 4 3 — — 1 4 3 4 4 5 3 7 1 2 3 3 5
HEALTH BEHAVIORS
% Women Giving Birth by Age 18†
% Women Ages 15–19 Giving Birth in One Year
Lifetime Births per Woman (TFR)
— — — — — — 24 24 28 — 28 — — — 25 15 — — — 16 — 19 16 — 20 18 — 13 14 — —
4 2 4 8 8 8 10 11 14 7 12 9 8 5 12 9 8 6 4 8 6 8 9 6 9 10 7 7 7 7 9
2 1.5 2 2.6 2.8 2 3 4.4 4.1 2.6 3.8 2.7 2.6 1.5 2.9 4.7 2.3 1.8 1.6 2.5 2.4 3.8 2.4 2 2.4 3.3 2.3 2.9 2.7 2.2 2.7
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
% of Students Ages 13–15 Who Are Current Smokers Female Male 18 — 18 — 18 17 11 — 15c 19c — 11 — 9c — 14c 12 — 8 — 28c 20c — 44c 33c 13c 6 17c 17c 30c 8
18 — 18 — 20 18 19 — 17c 20c — 15 — 10c — 10c 20 — 16 — 22c 26c — 31c 31c 27c 11 18c 20c 22c 6
% Unmarried Teens 15–19 Who Have Had Sex Female Male 46 — 46 — — — — 9d 19d — 16 — — — 18 22 — — — 22 — 19 22 — 30 22d — 34d 13 — —
46 — 46 — — — — 38d 49d — — — — — 47 51 — — — — — 39 63 — — — — — — — —
See Notes, page 18
USE OF HEALTH SERVICES
% Women Ages 15–24 With Comp. Knowledge of HIV/AIDS — — — — — — — — — — — — 26 30 33 15 — — 33 — — 22 — — — — 36 — — — 7
% Single, Sexually % Births to Active Women Women
— — — — — — — 5 — — (45) — — — 30 33 — — — — — 19 61 — 66 — — — 27 — —
— — — — — — — 13 — — (64) — — — 52 28 — — — — — 46 76 — 67 — — — 53 — —
% Married Women Using Modern Contraception 15–19 20–24 — — — — — — 40 18 32 — 53 — — — 38 9 55 — — 45 — 26 47 — 47 24 — 48 40 — —
— — — — — — 57 27 46 — 64 — — — 49 27 63 — — 59 — 36 62 — 61 39 — 62 52 — —
14
MARRIAGE & FERTILITY
% Ever Married Ages 15–19 Female Male ASIA ASIA (EXCL. CHINA) WESTERN ASIA Armenia Azerbaijan Bahrain Cyprus Georgia Iraq Israel Jordan Kuwait Lebanon Oman Palestinian Territory Qatar Saudi Arabia Syria Turkey United Arab Emirates Yemen SOUTH-CENTRAL ASIA Afghanistan Bangladesh Bhutan India Iran Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka Tajikistan Turkmenistan Uzbekistan
15 24 — 9 10 4 8 16 — 4 6 5 4 16 14 4 7 11 12 8 17 32 — 48 27 34 18 9 14 42 21 7 — 6 7
3 5 — — 2 0 1 — — 0 2 0 — 1 2 0 — — — — — 6 — 3 8 6 3 1 1 12 6 — — — 1
HEALTH BEHAVIORS
% Women Giving Birth by Age 18†
% Women Ages 15–19 Giving Birth in One Year
Lifetime Births per Woman (TFR)
— — — 8 7 — — 11 — — 5 — — — — — — 12 8 — 20 29 — 46 — 28 — 6 4 26 — — — 2 4
5 8 5 5 4 2 1 6 4 2 3 3 3 5 9 2 4 6 5 2 8 10 13 14 4 11 2 4 8 11 7 3 3 3 4
2.5 3 3.6 1.3 2 2.8 1.6 1.4 5.1 2.9 3.7 4 2.2 3.4 5.6 3.3 4.5 3.7 2.4 2.5 6.2 3.2 6.8 3 4.7 3 2.1 2 2.6 3.7 4.8 2 4.1 2.9 2.7
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
% of Students Ages 13–15 Who Are Current Smokers Female Male — — — — — 4 — — — — 15 5 5 2 — — — — — 2 — — — — — 1c — — — 1 — 1 — — —
— — — — — 18 — — — — 25 15 10 16 — — 5c — — 12 — — — — — 1c — — — 4 — 3 — — —
% Unmarried Teens 15–19 Who Have Had Sex Female Male — — — z z — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 10 2 — — — — — z
— — — 13 z — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 33 — — — — — — —
See Notes, page 18
USE OF HEALTH SERVICES
% Women Ages 15–24 With Comp. Knowledge of HIV/AIDS — — — 7 2 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1 3 8
% Single, Sexually % Births to Active Women Women
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — (49) — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — (67) — — — — — — —
% Married Women Using Modern Contraception 15–19 20–24 — 14 — (18) 2 — — 10 — — 13 — — — — — — 9 17 — 5 9 — 34 — 5 26 (16) (21) 9 2 — — — (22)
— 30 — 22 8 — — 20 — — 28 — — — — — — 23 31 — 10 24 — 47 — 21 43 36 39 21 9 — — — 49
15
MARRIAGE & FERTILITY
% Ever Married Ages 15–19 Female Male SOUTHEAST ASIA Cambodia Indonesia Laos Malaysia Myanmar Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam EAST ASIA China Hong Kong, SARa Japan Korea, North Korea, South Mongolia EUROPE NORTHERN EUROPE Denmark Estonia Finland Ireland Latvia Lithuania Norway Sweden United Kingdom WESTERN EUROPE Austria Belgium France Germany Netherlands Switzerland
12 13 15 27 5 11 9 1 15 4 1 1 2 1 — 1 6 — 2 1 — 1 0 1 2 0 0 2 — 3 1 0 1 1 1
3 3 3 — 1 3 3 0 4 — 1 1 1 0 — 0 1 — — 0 — 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 — 1 0 0 0 0 0
HEALTH BEHAVIORS
% Women Giving Birth by Age 18†
% Women Ages 15–19 Giving Birth in One Year
Lifetime Births per Woman (TFR)
— 12 12 — — — 7 — — 4 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
4 4 5 9 2 2 5 1 5 2 1 1 1 z z z 5 2 2 1 2 1 2 2 2 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2.7 4.5 2.6 4.8 3.3 2.7 3.5 1.3 1.7 2.2 1.6 1.6 1 1.3 2 1.2 2.5 1.4 1.7 1.8 1.5 1.8 2 1.3 1.3 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.6 1.9 1.3 1.7 1.4
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
% of Students Ages 13–15 Who Are Current Smokers Female Male 5 — 3c — — 3 12 8 — 1c — — — — — — — — — — — — — 28 30 — — — — — — — — — —
22 — 28c — — 19 26 11 — 3c — — — — — — — — — — — — — 34 38 — — — — — — — — — —
% Unmarried Teens 15–19 Who Have Had Sex Female Male — 1 — — — — 2 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — 14 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
See Notes, page 18
USE OF HEALTH SERVICES
% Women Ages 15–24 With Comp. Knowledge of HIV/AIDS — 37 1 — — — 3 — — 25 — — — — — — 32 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
% Single, Sexually % Births to Active Women Women
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
% Married Women Using Modern Contraception 15–19 20–24 — 7 47 — — — 13 — — (14) — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— 12 59 — — — 30 — — 45 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
16
MARRIAGE & FERTILITY
% Ever Married Ages 15–19 Female Male EASTERN EUROPE Belarus Bulgaria Czech Republic Hungary Moldova Poland Romania Russia Slovakia Ukraine SOUTHERN EUROPE Albania Bosnia-Herzegovina Croatia Greece Italy Macedoniab Portugal Serbia and Montenegro Slovenia Spain OCEANIA Australia Fiji New Zealand Papua-New Guinea
— 6 — 1 2 12 2 6 — 2 11 3 10 — 2 6 1 9 6 11 0 2 6 1 10 7 21
— 1 — 0 0 — 0 0 — 0 — — 0 — 0 1 0 1 1 2 0 1 — 0 2 3 —
HEALTH BEHAVIORS
% Women Giving Birth by Age 18†
% Women Ages 15–19 Giving Birth in One Year
Lifetime Births per Woman (TFR)
— — — — — — — 5 — — — — 4 — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
3 3 5 1 2 3 2 4 3 2 3 1 4 2 2 1 1 3 2 3 1 1 3 2 4 3 7
1.3 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.3 2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.7 1.2 1.3 2.1 1.8 2.7 2 4.1
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
% of Students Ages 13–15 Who Are Current Smokers Female Male 28 — 39 35 — — — 20 28c — 30c — 9 10 — — — — — — 30 — — — 7 — —
37 — 26 34 — — — 27 39c — 38c — 16 17 — — — — — — 25 — — — 14 — —
% Unmarried Teens 15–19 Who Have Had Sex Female Male — — — — — 14d — 22d — — 30d — 7d — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — 45d — — — — 5d — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
See Notes, page 18
USE OF HEALTH SERVICES
% Women Ages 15–24 With Comp. Knowledge of HIV/AIDS — — — — — 19 — — — — 3 — 0 35 — — — — — — — — — — — — —
% Single, Sexually % Births to Active Women Women
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
% Married Women Using Modern Contraception 15–19 20–24 — — — — — 34 — — — — 27 — 3 — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — 42 — — — — 34 — 4 — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
17
NOTES — Italics 2000/2004 z a b c d † ()
SOURCES Data are unavailable or inapplicable Data refer to year prior to 1997 or earlier than the year listed Data refer to the most recent estimate available during that period Less than 0.5 percent Special Administrative Region Former Yugoslav Republic Data refer to capital cities only The percent of all teens 15–19 who have had premarital sex Refers to women ages 20–24 Fewer than 100 cases; may not be representative of the whole population
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Authors: Lori Ashford, Donna Clifton, and Toshiko Kaneda Production: Ellen Carnevale, Michelle Corbett, and Laurie Rosenthal Special thanks are due to several people who provided advice and assistance: Mai Hijazi and Mahua Mandal of USAID; Bill Finger, Cindy Waszak Geary, Ed Scholl, and Shyam Thapa of YouthNet, Family Health International; and Carl Haub, Rachel Nugent, and Emily Poster of PRB. Deb Perlman assisted in gathering data, and Ahmed Moneim of the Pan-Arab Project for Family Health of the League of Arab States provided special data tabulations. This work has been funded by the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) under the BRIDGE Project (No. GPO-A-00-03-00004-00).
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
PRB, 2005 World Population Data Sheet; United Nations, World Population Prospects: The 2004 Revision; UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) Database; International Labour Organization, LABORSTA Database; UN Statistics Division, Statistics and Indicators on Women and Men (Database); UN Statistics Division, Millennium Indicators Database; Demographic and Health Surveys (ORC Macro); Global Youth Tobacco Survey (U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention); Reproductive Health Surveys (U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention); Multi-Indicator Cluster Surveys (UNICEF); MEASURE DHS+, HIV/AIDS Survey Indicators Database; and Pan-Arab Project for Family Health (League of Arab States). For questions regarding the sources used for specific indicators, please contact the authors.
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet is also available in French and Spanish, and is on PRB’s website along with a related policy brief at www.prb.org/youth2006. Data from The World’s Youth is searchable in PRB’s DataFinder, www.prb.org/datafinder. To order PRB publications, please call 202-483-1100 or email [email protected].
18
DEFINITIONS Girls’ Secondary School Enrollment as Percent of Boys’ Enrollment: The ratio of the female enrollment rate to the male enrollment rate for secondary school. Percent Enrolled in Secondary School: The ratio of the number of students enrolled in secondary school to the population in the applicable age group (such as ages 12 to 17), also known as the gross enrollment ratio. It can exceed 100 when the number of students currently enrolled exceeds the population of the relevant age group in the country. Percent Economically Active Ages 15–19: The proportion of the population of that age group that is classified as either employed or unemployed, i.e., all those who supply labor or are available to supply labor. Data shown are projections prepared by the International Labour Organization based on national statistics. Percent of Women Giving Birth by Age 18: The percentage of all women who give birth before their 18th birthday. In countries where only ever-married women are surveyed, data on out-of-wedlock births is not available. Percent of Women Ages 15–19 Giving Birth in One Year: Births per 100 women ages 15–19 (the age-specific fertility rate, divided by 10). The estimates are derived from the most recent demographic survey or from UN projections for 2000–2005.
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
Lifetime Births per Woman (TFR): The total fertility rate, defined as the number of children a woman would have if current age-specific fertility rates remain constant throughout her childbearing years.
Percent of Births Attended by Skilled Personnel: Skilled personnel include doctors, nurses, and midwives. Traditional birth attendants, even where trained, are not included.
Percent of Students Ages 13–15 Who Are Current Smokers: The percentage of students who smoked cigarettes on one or more days during the past 30 days. Data shown are nationally representative unless indicated with “c” for capital cities only. Surveys were generally taken of students in the grades associated with ages 13 to 15, but actual ages may vary by country. Survey years range from 1999 to 2004.
Percent of Women Using Modern Contraception: The percentage of single, sexually active or married women who are currently using a modern method of contraception. “Single, sexually active” are unmarried women who report having had sexual relations in the last month. “Married” women include those in consensual unions. “Modern” methods include clinic and supply methods such as oral pills, injectables, implants, intrauterine devices, condoms, and sterilization.
Percent of Unmarried Teens Ages 15–19 Who Have Had Sex: The percentage of unmarried teens ages 15–19 who report ever having had sexual relations. In countries indicated with “d,” the figure refers to the percentage of all teens ages 15–19 (married or unmarried) who report having had sex before being married. Percent of Women Ages 15–24 With Comprehensive Knowledge of HIV/AIDS: The percentage who correctly identify at least two major ways of preventing the sexual transmission of HIV (limiting sex to one faithful, uninfected partner and using condoms), who reject the two most common local misconceptions about HIV transmission, and who know that a healthy-looking person can have HIV. Survey years range from 2000 to 2003.
Additional Notes: More developed regions, following the UN classification, comprise all of Europe and North America, plus Australia, Japan, and New Zealand. All other regions and countries are classified as less developed. Sub-Saharan Africa includes all countries of Africa except the northern African countries of Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, and Tunisia.
19
BRinging Information to Decisionmakers for Global Effectiveness
The Gender Gap in Secondary Schooling Is Closing in Most Developing Countries. The gap between boys’ and girls’ school enrollments has narrowed in the last decade as girls’ enrollments have risen throughout the developing world. Girls have an educational advantage in much of Latin America and are roughly on par with boys in Southeast and East Asia. But girls still face disadvantages in parts of South Asia, western Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa. Girls enrolled per 100 boys
1990
2000/04
113 97
94
110
100
81 75
70 60 53 45
21
Yemen
Senegal
India
China
Thailand
Colombia
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics, www.uis.unesco.org.
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
1
Labor Force Participation Is Declining Among Adolescents of Both Sexes. As more young people ages 15 to 19 are enrolled and stay in school, participation in the labor force is declining. The percent economically active is highest among young men in less developed countries, but has declined for both young men and women in more and less developed countries. Percent ages 15–19 reported as economically active
1990
59
2005
50
48 41 36 32
30 27
Young Women
Young Men
Young Women
M O R E D E V ELOP E D CO U NT R IES
Young Men
L ESS D E VE LO P E D CO U NT R IES
Source: International Labour Organization, LABORSTA database (October 2005).
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
2
Early Marriage Has Declined but Is Still Widespread. In most parts of the developing world, young women today are less likely to marry early compared with their mothers’ generation. However, child marriage—defined as marriage before age 18—is still widespread and is contrary to international conventions on women’s and children’s rights. Percent Women ages 20–24 married by age 18
Western Asia & North Africa
Caribbean & Central America
Eastern & Southern Africa
South Central & Southeast Asia
23
Women ages 40–44 married by age 18
46 35 38 37 53 42 58
Source: Tabulations of Demographic and Health Surveys from 51 countries, 1990–2001, in National Research Council, Growing Up Global: The Changing Transitions to Adulthood in Developing Countries (Washington, DC: National Academies Press, 2005).
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
3
Only a Minority of Young People Have Correct Knowledge About HIV/AIDS. Surveys in developing countries reveal that less than half of young people can correctly identify two ways to avoid getting HIV/AIDS and reject common myths about the virus. Young women generally have less knowledge than young men. Percent of 15–24-year-olds with comprehensive knowledge about HIV/AIDS*
47
Young men
Young women
44 40
38 34
33
28 21 18 15 7
8 1
Botswana
Ghana
Kenya
Nigeria
Haiti
0 Armenia Indonesia
*See definition on front side of chart. Survey years range from 2000–2003. Source: ORC Macro, MEASURE DHS+, HIV/AIDS database.
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
4
Adolescents Are Less Likely Than Young Adults to Use Modern Contraceptives. Young women ages 15 to 19 are less likely to use modern contraceptives than women ages 20 to 24. Lower use may reflect a lack of awareness of family planning among women who marry young, societal expectations about having a first child, and more limited access to services for adolescents. Percent of married women using a modern contraceptive method
Ages 15–19
Ages 20–24 52 47
45
40
38 34
24 19 14 9
7 4 Burkina Faso Tanzania
Vietnam
Algeria
Bangladesh
Peru
Source: ORC Macro, Demographic and Health Surveys; and Pan Arab Project for Family Health of the League of Arab States. Survey years range from 2000–2004.
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
5
POPULATION
WORLD MORE DEVELOPED LESS DEVELOPED LESS DEVELOPED (Excl. China) AFRICA Sub-Saharan Africa NORTHERN AFRICA Algeria Egypt Libya Morocco Sudan Tunisia WESTERN AFRICA Benin Burkina Faso Cape Verde Côte d’Ivoire Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea-Bissau Liberia Mali Mauritania Niger Nigeria Senegal Sierra Leone Togo
EDUCATION
Youth Ages 10–24 2006 % of Total Pop. Millions
Youth Ages 10–24 2025 % of Total Pop. Millions
Girls’ Secondary School Enrollment as % of Boys’ Enrollment 1990 2000/04
1,773 236 1,537 1,216 305 257 61 10.9 23.3 1.8 9.7 11.8 3.1 90 2.9 4.7 0.2 6.4 0.5 7.5 3.1 0.5 1.1 4.7 1 4.6 45.4 4.1 1.8 2.1
1,845 207 1,638 1,380 424 372 67 10.1 27.3 2 10.1 15.2 2.4 131 4.6 7.8 0.2 8 0.7 9.1 4.9 1 2 8.1 1.6 8.8 62.8 5.4 2.8 3.1
79 102 74 74 73 72 78 81 79 — 73 79 79 64 41 52 — 48 49 63 33 — — 51 46 43 77 53 57 34
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
27 19 29 30 33 33 31 33 31 31 30 32 30 33 33 34 35 35 31 33 32 32 33 34 31 32 34 34 31 33
23 17 25 27 32 33 26 23 27 25 25 30 20 33 32 34 29 32 30 29 33 34 34 34 32 33 33 31 32 32
95 102 93 92 85 80 95 108 93 106 84 84 108 73 45 64 109 55 68 81 45 57 72 56 80 75 80 70 71 43
WORK
% Enrolled in Secondary School Latest Year 2000/2004 Female Male 63 107 57 54 34 26 67 83 82 108 41 32 81 26 17 9 73 18 28 38 15 13 28 14 20 6 32 16 22 22
See Notes, page 18
66 105 61 58 40 33 70 77 88 102 49 38 75 35 38 14 67 33 41 47 33 23 39 25 25 8 40 23 31 51
% Economically Active Ages 15–19 1990 Female Male 45 32 48 38 47 53 23 13 19 10 38 26 32 47 59 73 43 38 60 61 68 52 45 70 55 63 36 57 34 45
55 36 59 53 60 64 45 35 43 36 50 58 46 65 54 82 74 63 72 41 67 68 47 76 66 87 67 65 54 64
% Economically Active Ages 15–19 2005 Female Male 39 27 41 45 45 50 21 12 17 10 32 25 29 43 50 66 40 37 55 50 62 51 38 63 51 62 34 54 31 44
47 30 50 46 55 59 40 29 39 30 39 53 41 58 47 71 63 56 66 38 61 65 41 69 60 82 57 59 50 60
6
POPULATION Youth Ages 10–24 2006 % of Total Pop. Millions EASTERN AFRICA Burundi Comoros Djibouti Eritrea Ethiopia Kenya Madagascar Malawi Mauritius Mozambique Reunion Rwanda Somalia Tanzania Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe MIDDLE AFRICA Angola Cameroon Central African Republic Chad Congo, Dem. Rep. of Congo, Rep. of Gabon SOUTHERN AFRICA Botswana Lesotho Namibia South Africa Swaziland
100 2.8 0.3 0.3 1.5 26.5 12.2 6.1 4.4 0.3 6.7 0.2 3.4 2.6 13.4 10 4.2 5.1 37 5.5 5.7 1.4 3.3 19.3 1.3 0.5 17 0.7 0.7 0.7 14.8 0.4
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
34 35 33 33 33 33 35 32 33 24 33 25 36 30 34 34 36 39 33 33 34 34 32 33 33 34 32 37 39 36 31 41
EDUCATION
Youth Ages 10–24 2025 % of Total Pop. Millions 148 4.7 0.4 0.3 2.4 38.7 18.3 9.4 6.9 0.3 9.3 0.2 4.4 4.5 17.1 20.6 5.7 4.8 62 8.9 6.8 1.8 5.8 35.1 2.5 0.6 16 0.6 0.6 0.8 14.1 0.3
33 33 31 31 33 33 33 32 35 20 34 23 33 32 32 34 35 33 34 33 31 34 34 34 34 31 30 34 35 30 29 35
Girls’ Secondary School Enrollment as % of Boys’ Enrollment 1990 2000/04 71 58 65 66 — 75 74 97 46 101 57 — 76 — 70 56 67 87 — — 71 40 20 — 72 — 117 112 147 126 116 93
77 69 82 69 65 57 94 93 78 100 68 — 83 — 83 82 83 92 64 81 82 — 32 54 73 86 109 107 130 112 108 102
WORK
% Enrolled in Secondary School Latest Year 2000/2004 Female Male 19 9 28 20 22 16 32 14 29 81 13 — 15 — 5 18 25 35 16 17 28 — 7 13 27 42 86 75 39 66 91 46
See Notes, page 18
24 13 34 29 34 28 34 15 37 81 19 — 18 — 6 22 30 38 26 21 34 — 22 24 37 49 79 70 30 59 84 45
% Economically Active Ages 15–19 1990 Female Male 64 83 54 — 68 55 67 55 64 26 64 14 83 56 76 75 62 44 55 69 38 57 60 57 44 55 38 42 38 32 39 32
69 85 60 — 64 62 75 68 61 51 70 19 86 66 70 80 70 55 63 82 63 63 68 59 52 56 45 46 53 54 44 47
% Economically Active Ages 15–19 2005 Female Male 61 80 52 — 65 53 64 53 59 28 62 12 81 53 70 70 60 43 52 67 37 53 59 52 42 50 33 36 35 27 33 31
64 83 58 — 60 58 67 62 57 42 65 15 85 61 67 74 66 53 58 80 55 56 65 54 49 51 37 40 47 48 36 44
7
POPULATION Youth Ages 10–24 2006 % of Total Pop. Millions NORTH AMERICA Canada United States LATIN AMERICA/CARIBBEAN CENTRAL AMERICA Costa Rica El Salvador Guatemala Honduras Mexico Nicaragua Panama CARIBBEAN Cuba Dominican Republic Haiti Jamaica Puerto Rico Trinidad and Tobago SOUTH AMERICA Argentina Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia Ecuador Guyana Paraguay Peru Uruguay Venezuela
71 6.5 64.4 161 45 1.3 2.1 4.3 2.5 31.7 1.9 0.9 11 2.4 2.8 3 0.8 0.9 0.4 106 10.1 2.9 51.7 4.3 13.2 4 0.2 2 8.5 0.8 8
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
21 20 21 28 30 29 30 33 33 29 34 27 28 21 31 35 30 23 28 28 26 31 27 26 28 30 28 32 30 23 29
EDUCATION
Youth Ages 10–24 2025 % of Total Pop. Millions 74 5.9 68.2 165 45 1.2 2.3 6.1 2.9 29.1 2.2 1 10 1.8 2.9 3.2 0.7 0.8 0.3 110 10.2 3.5 52.9 3.8 13.8 4.2 0.2 2.6 8.9 0.8 8.7
19 16 19 24 24 22 26 32 28 22 28 24 23 16 26 30 25 19 19 23 22 28 23 19 24 25 22 28 24 21 24
Girls’ Secondary School Enrollment as % of Boys’ Enrollment 1990 2000/04 101 100 101 — 103 105 106 — — 101 137 107 114 114 136 96 106 — 105 — 102 85 — 108 113 102 106 104 90 — 138
100 99 100 107 108 108 100 93 — 109 118 107 — 98 123 — 102 — 109 107 106 97 110 101 110 102 104 103 92 113 115
WORK
% Enrolled in Secondary School Latest Year 2000/2004 Female Male 95 105 94 92 76 69 59 41 — 83 66 73 — 92 65 — 85 — 86 99 103 85 115 92 74 60 97 66 86 112 75
See Notes, page 18
95 106 94 85 71 64 59 44 — 76 56 68 — 94 53 — 83 — 79 92 97 88 105 91 67 59 93 64 93 99 65
% Economically Active Ages 15–19 1990 Female Male 43 55 42 30 29 26 25 26 23 30 26 21 22 15 20 39 32 7 18 32 24 35 41 18 29 19 23 28 16 28 18
46 59 45 58 60 59 66 72 65 58 65 46 42 38 54 46 40 24 40 60 58 50 72 33 45 57 60 62 34 56 48
% Economically Active Ages 15–19 2005 Female Male 36 44 35 32 31 27 24 31 26 33 28 20 22 14 19 37 26 6 17 34 22 37 47 17 29 18 22 27 10 28 17
39 46 38 49 46 43 45 54 38 46 43 27 37 32 48 42 30 22 35 52 51 44 63 28 41 49 54 55 29 40 42
8
POPULATION
ASIA ASIA (EXCL. CHINA) WESTERN ASIA Armenia Azerbaijan Bahrain Cyprus Georgia Iraq Israel Jordan Kuwait Lebanon Oman Palestinian Territory Qatar Saudi Arabia Syria Turkey United Arab Emirates Yemen SOUTH-CENTRAL ASIA Afghanistan Bangladesh Bhutan India Iran Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka Tajikistan Turkmenistan Uzbekistan
EDUCATION
Youth Ages 10–24 2006 % of Total Pop. Millions
Youth Ages 10–24 2025 % of Total Pop. Millions
Girls’ Secondary School Enrollment as % of Boys’ Enrollment 1990 2000/04
1,087 767 65 0.9 2.6 0.2 0.2 1.1 9.6 1.7 1.8 0.6 1 0.8 1.2 0.2 7.6 6.6 20.5 1.1 7.6 500 10 45.7 0.7 331.1 25.3 4.1 1.7 9 54.2 5.4 2.4 1.6 9.1
1,063 806 78 0.5 1.9 0.2 0.2 0.6 13.3 2 2.2 0.8 1 1 2.1 0.2 9.9 7.9 21.2 1.3 12.2 538 17.8 52.2 0.9 349.2 20.3 3 1.6 11 64.8 4.7 2.4 1.5 8.6
72 71 70 112 101 103 102 97 64 108 104 98 107 81 — 106 79 73 63 121 21 60 52 52 — 60 75 104 102 44 48 109 — — 91
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
28 29 30 29 31 24 23 24 32 24 31 23 28 32 32 20 30 34 28 24 35 31 32 32 33 30 36 28 32 33 34 26 36 33 34
22 25 26 17 20 20 17 16 30 23 27 21 22 26 32 20 27 28 23 19 33 26 32 27 29 25 23 20 25 28 28 20 28 24 25
92 90 80 102 96 106 101 100 70 98 102 106 109 96 106 104 90 92 74 104 45 86 — 111 — 81 94 100 101 78 73 106 83 — 97
WORK
% Enrolled in Secondary School Latest Year 2000/2004 Female Male 59 55 59 88 81 99 99 80 35 92 87 92 83 79 90 96 63 46 67 80 29 48 — 50 — 47 75 92 92 39 19 89 78 — 94
See Notes, page 18
64 61 74 86 84 93 98 80 50 94 85 87 76 82 85 92 70 50 90 77 65 55 24 45 — 58 80 92 91 50 26 84 94 — 97
% Economically Active Ages 15–19 1990 Female Male 50 38 29 26 28 8 33 27 6 17 8 5 22 7 3 1 8 22 48 7 26 36 42 55 65 35 21 25 25 57 25 22 31 34 32
57 53 48 27 30 25 58 29 29 30 30 19 36 30 22 25 38 44 66 22 51 58 61 69 78 59 43 34 28 69 59 37 29 36 29
% Economically Active Ages 15–19 2005 Female Male 41 34 23 23 25 8 32 24 5 13 8 4 23 8 4 1 5 21 42 6 25 35 40 53 60 35 23 23 22 48 26 19 26 28 27
48 46 39 23 26 19 51 25 23 23 25 15 32 20 21 20 20 39 58 14 47 50 53 63 69 50 37 28 24 58 53 32 24 29 25
9
POPULATION Youth Ages 10–24 2006 % of Total Pop. Millions SOUTHEAST ASIA Cambodia Indonesia Laos Malaysia Myanmar Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam EAST ASIA China Hong Kong, SARa Japan Korea, North Korea, South Mongolia EUROPE NORTHERN EUROPE Denmark Estonia Finland Ireland Latvia Lithuania Norway Sweden United Kingdom WESTERN EUROPE Austria Belgium France Germany Netherlands Switzerland
164 5.2 62.9 2 7.4 15.4 26.8 0.9 16.1 26.6 358 319.9 1.3 19.7 5.7 10.2 0.9 140 19 1 0.3 1 0.9 0.5 0.8 0.9 1.7 11.7 33 1.4 1.9 11.3 14 2.9 1.3
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
29 36 28 33 29 30 32 21 25 31 23 24 18 15 25 21 32 19 20 18 21 19 21 21 23 19 19 20 18 18 18 19 17 18 18
EDUCATION
Youth Ages 10–24 2025 % of Total Pop. Millions 159 5.7 61.5 2.6 8 12.8 28.7 0.7 14.5 23.5 287 256.8 1.1 17.2 4.8 6.8 0.8 111 17 1 0.2 0.9 0.9 0.3 0.4 0.9 1.6 10.6 29 1.1 1.7 11 11.4 2.8 1.1
23 29 23 30 24 22 26 13 20 23 17 18 13 14 20 14 24 16 17 17 16 16 19 15 14 17 16 17 15 14 16 17 14 16 15
Girls’ Secondary School Enrollment as % of Boys’ Enrollment 1990 2000/04 90 43 83 62 107 98 104 93 94 91 78 75 105 102 — 97 114 103 102 101 111 119 109 100 102 103 105 100 100 93 101 105 97 92 95
99 65 98 74 110 95 110 — 100 93 98 97 103 100 — 101 115 104 120 105 103 111 110 100 99 103 119 125 100 95 110 101 98 98 94
WORK
% Enrolled in Secondary School Latest Year 2000/2004 Female Male 65 20 60 37 74 38 88 — 77 70 72 69 81 102 — 91 90 114 171 132 98 135 112 95 102 116 151 199 108 97 169 109 99 121 95
See Notes, page 18
65 31 61 50 67 40 80 — 77 75 73 71 79 102 — 90 78 109 142 126 95 122 102 95 103 113 127 159 108 102 153 108 101 123 101
% Economically Active Ages 15–19 1990 Female Male 48 69 36 74 31 60 31 29 68 74 60 66 26 16 28 19 52 29 50 65 26 36 22 29 20 35 41 58 26 45 9 7 39 41 49
55 54 48 80 43 72 41 28 68 67 58 64 35 20 30 11 63 35 53 72 32 36 30 33 27 35 38 62 32 54 12 14 46 44 56
% Economically Active Ages 15–19 2005 Female Male 41 68 34 71 30 54 30 18 58 45 49 53 17 13 20 13 44 24 37 51 20 27 19 21 16 27 32 42 21 36 9 6 28 34 39
44 52 40 72 34 64 35 18 60 41 48 52 23 16 22 10 51 28 39 54 25 29 24 25 23 29 30 44 25 40 11 12 32 36 44
10
POPULATION Youth Ages 10–24 2006 % of Total Pop. Millions EASTERN EUROPE Belarus Bulgaria Czech Republic Hungary Moldova Poland Romania Russia Slovakia Ukraine SOUTHERN EUROPE Albania Bosnia-Herzegovina Croatia Greece Italy Macedoniab Portugal Serbia and Montenegro Slovenia Spain OCEANIA Australia Fiji New Zealand Papua-New Guinea
64 2.2 1.4 1.9 1.9 1.1 8.5 4.4 31.3 1.2 9.9 25 0.9 0.8 0.8 1.9 8.6 0.5 1.8 2.2 0.3 6.9 8 4.2 0.3 0.9 2
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
22 22 19 18 18 26 22 20 22 22 22 17 29 20 19 17 15 23 17 21 18 16 24 21 29 22 33
EDUCATION
Youth Ages 10–24 2025 % of Total Pop. Millions 43 1.3 0.9 1.4 1.4 0.6 5.4 3 22.4 0.8 5.5 22 0.7 0.5 0.6 1.6 7.8 0.3 1.7 1.7 0.3 6.9 8 4.1 0.2 0.8 2.3
16 15 14 14 15 15 15 15 17 14 15 15 21 14 14 14 14 16 15 17 14 16 20 17 24 18 29
Girls’ Secondary School Enrollment as % of Boys’ Enrollment 1990 2000/04 104 — 104 97 101 109 105 99 106 100 — 103 86 — 109 98 100 99 116 103 101 107 93 104 — 102 59
— 102 97 102 100 104 95 101 — 101 99 102 100 — 102 99 99 98 109 101 99 106 99 98 106 106 79
WORK
% Enrolled in Secondary School Latest Year 2000/2004 Female Male — 92 97 98 106 75 102 85 — 92 96 104 81 — 91 97 99 84 118 89 109 121 114 155 83 116 22
See Notes, page 18
— 90 100 96 106 72 107 84 — 91 97 102 81 — 89 98 100 86 108 88 110 114 114 158 78 109 28
% Economically Active Ages 15–19 1990 Female Male 27 24 32 33 42 29 24 33 25 33 26 25 29 18 19 18 26 18 40 19 21 25 55 59 25 53 51
31 26 16 34 53 28 34 38 30 35 28 34 52 22 22 28 33 22 52 25 26 35 60 60 55 55 68
% Economically Active Ages 15–19 2005 Female Male 22 21 18 27 37 23 22 26 21 28 21 22 27 17 17 17 22 15 35 18 20 21 48 49 27 47 51
26 23 13 28 42 24 29 31 24 29 23 27 45 20 19 22 27 19 40 23 23 28 51 50 41 49 58
11
MARRIAGE & FERTILITY
% Ever Married Ages 15–19 Female Male WORLD MORE DEVELOPED LESS DEVELOPED LESS DEVELOPED (Excl. China) AFRICA Sub-Saharan Africa NORTHERN AFRICA Algeria Egypt Libya Morocco Sudan Tunisia WESTERN AFRICA Benin Burkina Faso Cape Verde Côte d’Ivoire Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea-Bissau Liberia Mali Mauritania Niger Nigeria Senegal Sierra Leone Togo
14 3 17 23 23 27 8 2 10 1 11 11 1 33 24 32 9 25 39 14 46 — — 49 28 62 33 28 47 20
3 — 3 4 2 3 — — 2 0 1 2 0 2 1 1 2 2 2 1 2 — — 5 1 4 1 — 6 2
HEALTH BEHAVIORS
% Women Giving Birth by Age 18†
% Women Ages 15–19 Giving Birth in One Year
Lifetime Births per Woman (TFR)
— — — 22 23 28 6 1 8 — 8 — 1 29 24 27 24 35 — 15 47 — — 45 25 47 28 27 — 19
6 2 7 9 11 13 4 1 5 1 4 6 1 13 11 12 10 13 13 7 16 20 23 19 8 27 13 9 19 10
2.7 1.6 3 3.4 5.1 5.6 3.3 2.4 3.1 3.5 2.5 5.2 2.1 5.9 5.9 6.2 4 5.2 5.5 4.4 5.7 7.1 6.8 7.1 5.9 8 5.9 5.1 6.5 5.4
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
% of Students Ages 13–15 Who Are Current Smokers Female Male — — — — — — 3 — 4 2 1 2 4 — — 12c — — — 3 — — — 5c 9 6 — 4 — 4
— — — — — — 7 — 4 9 4 11 19 — — 26c — — — 5 — — — 42c 20 22 — 20 — 15
% Unmarried Teens 15–19 Who Have Had Sex Female Male — — — — — 30 — — — — — — — 30 42 24 39d 53 — 31 28 — — 33 5 — 28 9 — 51
— — — — — — — — — — — — — 29 50 25 63d 55 — 19 50 — — 34 12 23 24 — — —
See Notes, page 18
USE OF HEALTH SERVICES
% Women Ages 15–24 With Comp. Knowledge of HIV/AIDS — — — — — 22 — — — — 12 — — 18 8 15 — 16 15 38 — 8 — 9 — 5 18 13 16 20
% Single, Sexually % Births to Active Women Women
— — — — — 35 — — — — — — — 28 16 47 47 25 — (36) (20) — — 17 — — 27 (33) — 25
— — — — — 45 — — — — — — — 45 (18) (71) 67 31 — (30) (43) — — (26) — — 51 (53) — 24
% Married Women Using Modern Contraception 15–19 20–24 — — — 17 14 12 27 24 24 — 36 — — 4 3 4 31 4 — 7 5 — — 4 3 2 4 2 — 4
— — — 31 23 18 43 38 41 — 53 — — 8 7 9 48 7 — 17 6 — — 7 4 5 7 4 — 6
12
MARRIAGE & FERTILITY
% Ever Married Ages 15–19 Female Male EASTERN AFRICA Burundi Comoros Djibouti Eritrea Ethiopia Kenya Madagascar Malawi Mauritius Mozambique Reunion Rwanda Somalia Tanzania Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe MIDDLE AFRICA Angola Cameroon Central African Republic Chad Congo, Dem. Rep. of Congo, Rep. of Gabon SOUTHERN AFRICA Botswana Lesotho Namibia South Africa Swaziland
27 7 12 5 31 30 20 33 37 11 43 2 7 — 24 32 27 23 — — 33 42 45 — — 22 4 5 — 6 4 9
3 1 3 — 2 3 2 7 4 1 6 0 2 — 2 7 2 1 — — 9 8 1 — — 4 1 2 — 3 1 1
HEALTH BEHAVIORS
% Women Giving Birth by Age 18†
% Women Ages 15–19 Giving Birth in One Year
Lifetime Births per Woman (TFR)
28 — 17 4 25 24 23 31 30 — 42 — 9 — 26 42 35 20 — — 33 38 48 — — 35 20 — — 20 20 —
12 5 6 3 8 10 11 15 17 3 18 4 4 7 14 18 16 11 19 14 14 13 19 23 15 14 7 8 9 9 7 4
5.6 6.8 5.4 4.2 5.4 5.4 4.9 5.2 6.5 1.9 5.5 2.5 6.1 7 5.7 6.9 5.7 3.8 6.3 6.8 5 4.9 6.3 6.7 6.3 4.3 2.9 3.1 3.5 4.2 2.8 3.9
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
% of Students Ages 13–15 Who Are Current Smokers Female Male — — — — — 1c 5 — 3c — 1c — — — — 3c 8 10c — — — — — — — — 10 2 5 — 11 3
— — — — — 4c 9 — 10c — 5c — — — — 4c 10 12c — — — — — — — — 20 4 17 — 21 10
% Unmarried Teens 15–19 Who Have Had Sex Female Male 27 — 8 — — 10 29 40 37 — 57 — 7 — 37 32 43 14 — — 55 38 49 — — 63 43 — — 46 43 —
38 — 38 — — 15 50 — 59 — 67 — 20 — 56 34 63 29 — — 43 49 31 — — 77 — — — 64 — —
See Notes, page 18
USE OF HEALTH SERVICES
% Women Ages 15–24 With Comp. Knowledge of HIV/AIDS — 24 7 — 37 — 34 — 34 — 20 — 23 — 44 28 31 — 15 9 27 5 8 15 — — 21 40 18 31 20 24
% Single, Sexually % Births to Active Women Women
35 — (31) — — (44) (38) 18 16 — 40 — — — 19 (48) 22 (35) — — 50 10 (10) — — 28 65 — — 52 66 —
40 — (25) — — (33) (42) 25 (36) — 53 — — — 46 (50) (33) (46) — — 53 10 (6) — — 33 75 — — 59 75 —
% Married Women Using Modern Contraception 15–19 20–24 12 — (5) 6 — 9 13 11 13 — 16 — 3 0 7 12 19 39 — — 15 2 1 — — 13 46 — 15 (40) (48) —
20 — 9 9 — 15 22 18 23 — 23 — 8 12 19 19 23 52 — — 14 3 2 — — 14 52 — 33 45 53 —
13
MARRIAGE & FERTILITY
% Ever Married Ages 15–19 Female Male NORTH AMERICA Canada United States LATIN AMERICA/CARIBBEAN CENTRAL AMERICA Costa Rica El Salvador Guatemala Honduras Mexico Nicaragua Panama CARIBBEAN Cuba Dominican Republic Haiti Jamaica Puerto Rico Trinidad and Tobago SOUTH AMERICA Argentina Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia Ecuador Guyana Paraguay Peru Uruguay Venezuela
3 3 3 17 19 — 22 20 32 17 30 22 — — 30 19 — 19 9 16 12 12 17 12 18 22 7 13 11 13 18
1 1 1 4 6 — 2 6 7 6 9 5 — — 4 3 — — 1 4 3 4 4 5 3 7 1 2 3 3 5
HEALTH BEHAVIORS
% Women Giving Birth by Age 18†
% Women Ages 15–19 Giving Birth in One Year
Lifetime Births per Woman (TFR)
— — — — — — 24 24 28 — 28 — — — 25 15 — — — 16 — 19 16 — 20 18 — 13 14 — —
4 2 4 8 8 8 10 11 14 7 12 9 8 5 12 9 8 6 4 8 6 8 9 6 9 10 7 7 7 7 9
2 1.5 2 2.6 2.8 2 3 4.4 4.1 2.6 3.8 2.7 2.6 1.5 2.9 4.7 2.3 1.8 1.6 2.5 2.4 3.8 2.4 2 2.4 3.3 2.3 2.9 2.7 2.2 2.7
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
% of Students Ages 13–15 Who Are Current Smokers Female Male 18 — 18 — 18 17 11 — 15c 19c — 11 — 9c — 14c 12 — 8 — 28c 20c — 44c 33c 13c 6 17c 17c 30c 8
18 — 18 — 20 18 19 — 17c 20c — 15 — 10c — 10c 20 — 16 — 22c 26c — 31c 31c 27c 11 18c 20c 22c 6
% Unmarried Teens 15–19 Who Have Had Sex Female Male 46 — 46 — — — — 9d 19d — 16 — — — 18 22 — — — 22 — 19 22 — 30 22d — 34d 13 — —
46 — 46 — — — — 38d 49d — — — — — 47 51 — — — — — 39 63 — — — — — — — —
See Notes, page 18
USE OF HEALTH SERVICES
% Women Ages 15–24 With Comp. Knowledge of HIV/AIDS — — — — — — — — — — — — 26 30 33 15 — — 33 — — 22 — — — — 36 — — — 7
% Single, Sexually % Births to Active Women Women
— — — — — — — 5 — — (45) — — — 30 33 — — — — — 19 61 — 66 — — — 27 — —
— — — — — — — 13 — — (64) — — — 52 28 — — — — — 46 76 — 67 — — — 53 — —
% Married Women Using Modern Contraception 15–19 20–24 — — — — — — 40 18 32 — 53 — — — 38 9 55 — — 45 — 26 47 — 47 24 — 48 40 — —
— — — — — — 57 27 46 — 64 — — — 49 27 63 — — 59 — 36 62 — 61 39 — 62 52 — —
14
MARRIAGE & FERTILITY
% Ever Married Ages 15–19 Female Male ASIA ASIA (EXCL. CHINA) WESTERN ASIA Armenia Azerbaijan Bahrain Cyprus Georgia Iraq Israel Jordan Kuwait Lebanon Oman Palestinian Territory Qatar Saudi Arabia Syria Turkey United Arab Emirates Yemen SOUTH-CENTRAL ASIA Afghanistan Bangladesh Bhutan India Iran Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka Tajikistan Turkmenistan Uzbekistan
15 24 — 9 10 4 8 16 — 4 6 5 4 16 14 4 7 11 12 8 17 32 — 48 27 34 18 9 14 42 21 7 — 6 7
3 5 — — 2 0 1 — — 0 2 0 — 1 2 0 — — — — — 6 — 3 8 6 3 1 1 12 6 — — — 1
HEALTH BEHAVIORS
% Women Giving Birth by Age 18†
% Women Ages 15–19 Giving Birth in One Year
Lifetime Births per Woman (TFR)
— — — 8 7 — — 11 — — 5 — — — — — — 12 8 — 20 29 — 46 — 28 — 6 4 26 — — — 2 4
5 8 5 5 4 2 1 6 4 2 3 3 3 5 9 2 4 6 5 2 8 10 13 14 4 11 2 4 8 11 7 3 3 3 4
2.5 3 3.6 1.3 2 2.8 1.6 1.4 5.1 2.9 3.7 4 2.2 3.4 5.6 3.3 4.5 3.7 2.4 2.5 6.2 3.2 6.8 3 4.7 3 2.1 2 2.6 3.7 4.8 2 4.1 2.9 2.7
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
% of Students Ages 13–15 Who Are Current Smokers Female Male — — — — — 4 — — — — 15 5 5 2 — — — — — 2 — — — — — 1c — — — 1 — 1 — — —
— — — — — 18 — — — — 25 15 10 16 — — 5c — — 12 — — — — — 1c — — — 4 — 3 — — —
% Unmarried Teens 15–19 Who Have Had Sex Female Male — — — z z — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 10 2 — — — — — z
— — — 13 z — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 33 — — — — — — —
See Notes, page 18
USE OF HEALTH SERVICES
% Women Ages 15–24 With Comp. Knowledge of HIV/AIDS — — — 7 2 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1 3 8
% Single, Sexually % Births to Active Women Women
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — (49) — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — (67) — — — — — — —
% Married Women Using Modern Contraception 15–19 20–24 — 14 — (18) 2 — — 10 — — 13 — — — — — — 9 17 — 5 9 — 34 — 5 26 (16) (21) 9 2 — — — (22)
— 30 — 22 8 — — 20 — — 28 — — — — — — 23 31 — 10 24 — 47 — 21 43 36 39 21 9 — — — 49
15
MARRIAGE & FERTILITY
% Ever Married Ages 15–19 Female Male SOUTHEAST ASIA Cambodia Indonesia Laos Malaysia Myanmar Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam EAST ASIA China Hong Kong, SARa Japan Korea, North Korea, South Mongolia EUROPE NORTHERN EUROPE Denmark Estonia Finland Ireland Latvia Lithuania Norway Sweden United Kingdom WESTERN EUROPE Austria Belgium France Germany Netherlands Switzerland
12 13 15 27 5 11 9 1 15 4 1 1 2 1 — 1 6 — 2 1 — 1 0 1 2 0 0 2 — 3 1 0 1 1 1
3 3 3 — 1 3 3 0 4 — 1 1 1 0 — 0 1 — — 0 — 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 — 1 0 0 0 0 0
HEALTH BEHAVIORS
% Women Giving Birth by Age 18†
% Women Ages 15–19 Giving Birth in One Year
Lifetime Births per Woman (TFR)
— 12 12 — — — 7 — — 4 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
4 4 5 9 2 2 5 1 5 2 1 1 1 z z z 5 2 2 1 2 1 2 2 2 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2.7 4.5 2.6 4.8 3.3 2.7 3.5 1.3 1.7 2.2 1.6 1.6 1 1.3 2 1.2 2.5 1.4 1.7 1.8 1.5 1.8 2 1.3 1.3 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.6 1.9 1.3 1.7 1.4
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
% of Students Ages 13–15 Who Are Current Smokers Female Male 5 — 3c — — 3 12 8 — 1c — — — — — — — — — — — — — 28 30 — — — — — — — — — —
22 — 28c — — 19 26 11 — 3c — — — — — — — — — — — — — 34 38 — — — — — — — — — —
% Unmarried Teens 15–19 Who Have Had Sex Female Male — 1 — — — — 2 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — 14 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
See Notes, page 18
USE OF HEALTH SERVICES
% Women Ages 15–24 With Comp. Knowledge of HIV/AIDS — 37 1 — — — 3 — — 25 — — — — — — 32 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
% Single, Sexually % Births to Active Women Women
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
% Married Women Using Modern Contraception 15–19 20–24 — 7 47 — — — 13 — — (14) — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— 12 59 — — — 30 — — 45 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
16
MARRIAGE & FERTILITY
% Ever Married Ages 15–19 Female Male EASTERN EUROPE Belarus Bulgaria Czech Republic Hungary Moldova Poland Romania Russia Slovakia Ukraine SOUTHERN EUROPE Albania Bosnia-Herzegovina Croatia Greece Italy Macedoniab Portugal Serbia and Montenegro Slovenia Spain OCEANIA Australia Fiji New Zealand Papua-New Guinea
— 6 — 1 2 12 2 6 — 2 11 3 10 — 2 6 1 9 6 11 0 2 6 1 10 7 21
— 1 — 0 0 — 0 0 — 0 — — 0 — 0 1 0 1 1 2 0 1 — 0 2 3 —
HEALTH BEHAVIORS
% Women Giving Birth by Age 18†
% Women Ages 15–19 Giving Birth in One Year
Lifetime Births per Woman (TFR)
— — — — — — — 5 — — — — 4 — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
3 3 5 1 2 3 2 4 3 2 3 1 4 2 2 1 1 3 2 3 1 1 3 2 4 3 7
1.3 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.3 2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.7 1.2 1.3 2.1 1.8 2.7 2 4.1
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
% of Students Ages 13–15 Who Are Current Smokers Female Male 28 — 39 35 — — — 20 28c — 30c — 9 10 — — — — — — 30 — — — 7 — —
37 — 26 34 — — — 27 39c — 38c — 16 17 — — — — — — 25 — — — 14 — —
% Unmarried Teens 15–19 Who Have Had Sex Female Male — — — — — 14d — 22d — — 30d — 7d — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — 45d — — — — 5d — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
See Notes, page 18
USE OF HEALTH SERVICES
% Women Ages 15–24 With Comp. Knowledge of HIV/AIDS — — — — — 19 — — — — 3 — 0 35 — — — — — — — — — — — — —
% Single, Sexually % Births to Active Women Women
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
% Married Women Using Modern Contraception 15–19 20–24 — — — — — 34 — — — — 27 — 3 — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — 42 — — — — 34 — 4 — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
17
NOTES — Italics 2000/2004 z a b c d † ()
SOURCES Data are unavailable or inapplicable Data refer to year prior to 1997 or earlier than the year listed Data refer to the most recent estimate available during that period Less than 0.5 percent Special Administrative Region Former Yugoslav Republic Data refer to capital cities only The percent of all teens 15–19 who have had premarital sex Refers to women ages 20–24 Fewer than 100 cases; may not be representative of the whole population
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Authors: Lori Ashford, Donna Clifton, and Toshiko Kaneda Production: Ellen Carnevale, Michelle Corbett, and Laurie Rosenthal Special thanks are due to several people who provided advice and assistance: Mai Hijazi and Mahua Mandal of USAID; Bill Finger, Cindy Waszak Geary, Ed Scholl, and Shyam Thapa of YouthNet, Family Health International; and Carl Haub, Rachel Nugent, and Emily Poster of PRB. Deb Perlman assisted in gathering data, and Ahmed Moneim of the Pan-Arab Project for Family Health of the League of Arab States provided special data tabulations. This work has been funded by the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) under the BRIDGE Project (No. GPO-A-00-03-00004-00).
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
PRB, 2005 World Population Data Sheet; United Nations, World Population Prospects: The 2004 Revision; UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) Database; International Labour Organization, LABORSTA Database; UN Statistics Division, Statistics and Indicators on Women and Men (Database); UN Statistics Division, Millennium Indicators Database; Demographic and Health Surveys (ORC Macro); Global Youth Tobacco Survey (U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention); Reproductive Health Surveys (U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention); Multi-Indicator Cluster Surveys (UNICEF); MEASURE DHS+, HIV/AIDS Survey Indicators Database; and Pan-Arab Project for Family Health (League of Arab States). For questions regarding the sources used for specific indicators, please contact the authors.
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet is also available in French and Spanish, and is on PRB’s website along with a related policy brief at www.prb.org/youth2006. Data from The World’s Youth is searchable in PRB’s DataFinder, www.prb.org/datafinder. To order PRB publications, please call 202-483-1100 or email [email protected].
18
DEFINITIONS Girls’ Secondary School Enrollment as Percent of Boys’ Enrollment: The ratio of the female enrollment rate to the male enrollment rate for secondary school. Percent Enrolled in Secondary School: The ratio of the number of students enrolled in secondary school to the population in the applicable age group (such as ages 12 to 17), also known as the gross enrollment ratio. It can exceed 100 when the number of students currently enrolled exceeds the population of the relevant age group in the country. Percent Economically Active Ages 15–19: The proportion of the population of that age group that is classified as either employed or unemployed, i.e., all those who supply labor or are available to supply labor. Data shown are projections prepared by the International Labour Organization based on national statistics. Percent of Women Giving Birth by Age 18: The percentage of all women who give birth before their 18th birthday. In countries where only ever-married women are surveyed, data on out-of-wedlock births is not available. Percent of Women Ages 15–19 Giving Birth in One Year: Births per 100 women ages 15–19 (the age-specific fertility rate, divided by 10). The estimates are derived from the most recent demographic survey or from UN projections for 2000–2005.
The World’s Youth 2006 Data Sheet
Lifetime Births per Woman (TFR): The total fertility rate, defined as the number of children a woman would have if current age-specific fertility rates remain constant throughout her childbearing years.
Percent of Births Attended by Skilled Personnel: Skilled personnel include doctors, nurses, and midwives. Traditional birth attendants, even where trained, are not included.
Percent of Students Ages 13–15 Who Are Current Smokers: The percentage of students who smoked cigarettes on one or more days during the past 30 days. Data shown are nationally representative unless indicated with “c” for capital cities only. Surveys were generally taken of students in the grades associated with ages 13 to 15, but actual ages may vary by country. Survey years range from 1999 to 2004.
Percent of Women Using Modern Contraception: The percentage of single, sexually active or married women who are currently using a modern method of contraception. “Single, sexually active” are unmarried women who report having had sexual relations in the last month. “Married” women include those in consensual unions. “Modern” methods include clinic and supply methods such as oral pills, injectables, implants, intrauterine devices, condoms, and sterilization.
Percent of Unmarried Teens Ages 15–19 Who Have Had Sex: The percentage of unmarried teens ages 15–19 who report ever having had sexual relations. In countries indicated with “d,” the figure refers to the percentage of all teens ages 15–19 (married or unmarried) who report having had sex before being married. Percent of Women Ages 15–24 With Comprehensive Knowledge of HIV/AIDS: The percentage who correctly identify at least two major ways of preventing the sexual transmission of HIV (limiting sex to one faithful, uninfected partner and using condoms), who reject the two most common local misconceptions about HIV transmission, and who know that a healthy-looking person can have HIV. Survey years range from 2000 to 2003.
Additional Notes: More developed regions, following the UN classification, comprise all of Europe and North America, plus Australia, Japan, and New Zealand. All other regions and countries are classified as less developed. Sub-Saharan Africa includes all countries of Africa except the northern African countries of Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, and Tunisia.
19
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