CHAPTER FOURTEEN
WORK STRESS
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STRESS DEFINITION
Stress is a dynamic condition in which an individual is confronted with an opportunity, constraint or demand related to what he or she desires and for which the outcome is perceived to be both uncertain and important UGC/TRIEA/UNOM/DOMS/PTS
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STRESS DEFINITION by Hellriegel et al
Stress is a consequence of or a general response to an action or situation that places special physical or psychological demands, or both, on a person. The physical or psychological demands from the environment that cause stress are STRESSORS.
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GENERAL ADAPTATION SYNROME (Hans Selye) 1. 2. 3.
Alarm reaction Resistance Exhaustion
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CAUSES OF STRESS
A. work related stressors
Physical environment stressors Role-related stressors Interpersonal stressors Organizational stressors
B. Non work stressors UGC/TRIEA/UNOM/DOMS/PTS
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STRESS & OCCUPATION
President of USA Surgeon Traffic Cop. Air traffic controller Waiters
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INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES THE MODERATE STRESS
Type A personality Locus of Control Experience
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PSYSIOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF DISTRESS Heart disease Ulcer High BP Headaches Sleep disturbances More illnesses
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PSYCHOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF DISTRESS Job dissatisfaction Depression Exhaustion Moodiness Burnout
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BURNOUT
Job burnout is the process of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduced personal accomplishment resulting from pronged exposure to stress. UGC/TRIEA/UNOM/DOMS/PTS
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BEHAVIOURAL CONSEQUENCES OF DISTRESS
Low job performance More accident Faulty decisions Higher absenteeism Work place agression
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IS WORK STRESS BAD?
Initially with rising stress performance rises. This positive aspect of stress is Eustress At an optimum stress level performance is maximum Beyond the optimum point with increasing stress performance falls. This negative aspect of stress is distress.
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INDIVIDUAL STRATEGIES FOR COPING WITH STRESS
Readjust life goals Social support Plan life in advance Physiological fitness Meditation Bio feedback
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ORGANIZATIONAL STRATEGIES FOR COPING WITH STRESS Health maintenance Selection & placement Job enrichment Equitable performance appraisal & reward Participation in decision making Building team work
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