Week Blanked

BICD120:Dr.Crawford Week 7

TA:Zara Tabi(ztabi(&uoEd,edu) AI Mz: t a b i 0 6OH :B ye ma i l A p p t. PlantNutrition inthe -Nutrients life> Found dissolved essentialfor .TheMacronutrients: _, _, -t

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andtakenupbytheroots .TheMicronutrients: _, _,

- Middlelayerofroot

Siteofcelldivision (5)

- Canconsist ofoneor manylayers depending on theolant - Outermost - Surrounds vascular layer ofa root (6) tissue (7) - Reponsible forHzOabsorbtion impermeable bylonsandHzO endodermis (B) - Region ofvascular tissue e o i d e rma l ce l l s phloem) (xylem, - Increased for HzO/ion absorbtion surface area fromdamaoe Protects rootmeristem

(3) (4)

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Nutrient Uptake - lonscantravel2 waysthrough a root: - System ofcytoplasm connected viaplasmodesmata 1) ofcellwalls 2) - System transport - CANNOT reachthesteleof a rootthrouqh oftheendodermis actsasa block

membrane toenterthesymplasm - lonseventually needtocrossa plasma . Activetransport > - Uses . Canbypass stripbyplasmodesmata theCasparian , '0 -v?

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HowHzO& Salts travelfrom Transpiration: "pulls" fromthestomata waterupshoot> - HzOevaporation watermolecules allows H2Ocolumn tostayintact> - H-Bonding between llrL & closing of -Controlled bytheopening . \A/hen | ,t e in(forPhotosynthesis) and out Y Open, allOws prtenml H2D - LoN Light' Lowoz -Close: Dark,HighTemp, HighCOz,LowHzO(ABA) -oPen: ioittl I

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Occurs ateTransoort:

the andcanbemultidirectional photosvnthate photosynthate produced is needed orstored Sink:Where is Source: Where o

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a (inSpring) (inSpring) pressure, based onsucrose FlowTheoryUseofosmotic - Osmotic Pressure [ ], totransport

of Nitroqen Fixation: Theconversion

- KeyEnzyme: . Energy process Intensive > Needs . Needs Fe& Mo> Sensitive to

Relationship intoa usable form( ) > Symbiotic (_) bytheBacteria > Provided

t _ supplied by andProper environment J Energy I

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'1)Plants bacteria release compounds toattract

roothairto 2)Bacteria attachto roots,causing

genesinbacteria areactivated to nitrogenase synthesize Af \,/

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3) Bacteria entertheplantviaan

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to terminally differentiate 5) Bacteria - CanNOLONGER DIVIDE

6) Nodule formation iscomplete!

andDefense PlantPatholoqv of ina largeamount Plant Epidemics-Result -

lost and . Ex.GreatPotato (Psylid) SDCitrusQuarantine Blight(Phytoptera), . Chance overa largearea ) useofonevariety with isgreater ofepidemic

between thetwoandknowexamples! thedifference orBiotic) understand CanbeAbiotic - PlantStresses: of bioticattack: - Methods

) Performed by -+atingofplant tissue . CellInfection--gain ) to access a

vs,Predators -Plants themselves? dothevprotect PlantDefense-How entryinto Protect Defense1) cytoplasm cellwall Ex.Bark,Waxcuticle,

and

(bacteria, etc.) fungi,

Microbe Attack-How dotheyqetpastthesedefenses? 1) - lnfectatwoundsites pruning, present (duetoherbivory, etc.) already - Thebreakingdownof

Defense protease (fungi, bacteria)or : Lectins (insects, inhibitors animals) metabolites Secondary

2)

Alkaloids Tanins, - Phenolics,

protective ortoxins layerswithenzymes . Enzymes : Hydrolases are down cellwall - Break . Toxins: phytohormones (auxin, Small organics, gibberellin) cytokinin,

similar to antibiotics

. Mosttoxins are in safely toxin, canbestored - lf a general structures until vacuole, cellwall,orspecialized needed

3)

: candiffer

microbes between different . Ex.Entrance (stomates) naturalopenings through

inPotato Herbivory Defense Case: - Specific . When (Pl's) are attacked. intheherbivore's stomach disrupting digestion released, wounding induces thiseffect - Simple ispossible communication (protein) ) Signalmolecule t . / t \( // through the - Transported lvLlr' communication alsopossible (volatile) ) Signalmolecule "n4 nomn6n4... plantscanproduce - Onlywounded signal

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