Voltage

Application Note Title: Voltage Detail of Electronic Dog Collar 23rd March 2009

Name: Lim Kok Leong (HK2006 – 3141)

Abstract Voltage is the only important output of electronic dog collar, seem the output voltage is more than 750V that is high enough to common digital or analog volt-meter. An alternative method is chosen to measure high voltage output of electronic dog collar. In this note the reading of transformer ratio, n, output voltage, Vo, primary voltage, Vp, secondary voltage, Vs and the voltage waveform of Vp and Vs are measured and recorded. Introduction Electronic dog collar is devices which contain remote-control part and dog collar part. The electronic dog collar is using for dog training purpose which let the dog trainer to use it to train or behave the dog behavior. In this device (dog collar part) the voltage is an important issue because the output current is negligible. To get the output voltage reading becomes a task for this electronic dog collar. Key words: Electronic dog collar, transformer ratio, output voltage, primary voltage, secondary voltage, frequency

Dog Collar In dog collar part, 3V battery is applied to generate a two different high level output voltage. For training purpose Vmax =1000V is recommended (maximum voltage available of dog collar at market right now). The output voltage is control by primary voltage by apply potential meter.

Circuit Diagram

Diagram above shown that the equivalent circuit of dog collar part.

Output Voltage, Vo The output voltage is too high, more than 750V (testing before) so voltage divided method is chosen. Two type of resistor are chosen which is 1.5M ohm, 10% and 51K ohm, 10%. Two pair load are make which is 1.5M ohm- 1.5M ohm pair and 1.5M ohm51K ohm pair. The output voltage result shown in table below Load 1.5M ohm-

R1,ohm

R2,ohm

V(R2),V

1.5M

1.5M

495.0

1.5M ohm 1.5M ohm-

Vo,V Vo=2V(R2) =990

1.5M

51K

51K ohm

34.0

Vo=29.41 V(R2) =1000

Mean of Vo= 995V This Vo value given which mean that the maximum output voltage is around 995V with the same transformer ratio and multiplier rating.

Primary Voltage, Vp Primary voltage is measure by volt-meter which is 3.7

0.1 Vrms. the primary voltage

waveform is observe using oscilloscope, table below shown that the patent of primary voltage waveform.

Where a= 0.36 ms, and period, T= 2.2 ms. From the result the frequency of this waveform is 454.55 Hz. From the waveform shown, the primary voltage is dc voltage (pulse).

Secondary Voltage, Vs Secondary voltage is measure by volt-meter which is 175.0Vrms. the secondary voltage waveform is observe using oscilloscope, table below shown that the patent of secondary voltage waveform.

Let upper peak to peak value = x lower peak to peak value = y ratio x to y = 0.5 Period of secondary voltage waveform is 2.2 ms. From the result the frequency of this waveform is 454.55 Hz. Which the frequency value same as frequency of primary voltage.

Transformer Ratio, n Transformer ratio, n can be getting from voltage value at primary and secondary side which is approximate 48. For information, the transformer apply at this dog collar circuit is not available at market so getting the ratio value is important for design purpose.

Cautions The output voltage, Vo is sensitive to the primary voltage, Vp. So choosing a suitable resistance value of potential meter is important to get desire performance. For this device, Even though is safe (output current = 0) but 250V can make pain to user so be alert.

Conclusion The maximum output voltage for this dog collar is up to 1000V so is fulfill the recommended rate voltage. The output voltage can be change by manipulate the primary voltage without changing the ratio of transformer and value of multiplier.