Vol2 (book)

1

Microsoft Windows'98

tcef; ( 1 ) MICROSOFT WINDOWS' 98 Floppy Disk rS Folder ESihf File rsm;tm; Hard Disk odkYul;,ljcif; Floppy Disk rS Folder ESifh File rsm;tm; Hard Disk odkY atmufygtwdkif; ul;,lEdkif 1/

ygonf(u)

( c) ( *) (C)

yk(H 1)

Windows Explorer udkzGifh&ef atmufygtwdkif;vkyfaqmifyg(1) Start button udk Click vkyfyg/ (2) ay:vmaom Start menu rS Program ay:wGif Point vkyfyg/ (3) ay:vmaom submenu rS Windows Explorer udk Click vkyfygu Exploring window ay:vmrnf/ yHk(1) Drive A: wGif Floppy Disk udkxnfhNyD; Exploring window \ Left Pane Window wGif 3½ Floppy [A:] ukd Click vkyfyg/ Right Pane Window wGif 3½ Floppy [A:] rS Folder ESifh File rsm; ay:vm rnf/ ul;,lvkdaom Folder ESifh File rsm;ukd a&G;cs,f&rnf/ ykH(1) FolderESihfFile wpfckckukda&G;&ef 4if; Folder ESihf File ay:wGif Click vkyfyg/

Microsoft Windows'98

( i) ( p)

(q)

2

Folder ESifh File rsm; wpfckxufydkía&G;cs,ful;,lvdkygu Ctrl Key udkESdyfvsuf ul;,lvdkonfh Folder ESifh File rsm;udk Mouse jzifh Click vkyfí a½G;cs,fyg/ ul;,lvdkonhf Folder ESifh File rsm; qufwdkufwpfqufwnf; wGJvsufjzpfygu tpzdik u f C dk lick vkyNf y;D aemufShift KeyESyd v f Qut f qH;k zdik u f kd Click vkyí f a½G;cs,f

yg/ xkdtcg tpzdkifESihftqkH;zkdifMum;&Sd zkdiftm;vkH;udka&G;cs,fNyD;jzpfoGm;ygrnf/ 4if;wdkYtm; Left Pane Window &Sd [C:] ay:odkY Drag and Dropvkyfyg/

CD-ROM rS Folder ESifh File rsm;tm; Hard Disk odkYul;,ljcif; 2/ CD-ROM rS Folder ESifh File rsm;tm; Hard Disk twGif;odkY atmufygtwdkif;

ul;,lEdkifygonf(u) Windows Explorer udkzGifhygu Exploring window ay:vmrnf/ ( c) CD Drive wGif CD-ROM udkxnfhNyD; Exploring window \ Left Pane Window wGif [D:] ukd Click vkyfyg/ ( *) Right Pane WindowwGif [D:] rS FolderESifh File rsm;ay:vmrnf/ ul;,lvkd aom FolderESifh Filersm;ukd a&G;cs,f&rnf/ ykH(2) (C) FolderESifhFile wpfckckukda&G;&ef 4if; FolderESifh File ay:wGif Click vkyfyg/

yH(k 2)

3 ( i) ( p) (q)

Microsoft Windows'98

FolderESifhFile rsm;wpfckxufydkía&G;cs,ful;,lvdkygu Ctrl Key udkESdyfvsuf ul;,lvdkonfh Folder ESifh File rsm;udk Mouse jzifh Click vkyfía½G;cs,fyg/ ul;,lvo kd nhf Folder ESihf File rsm;onf qufwu kd w f pfqufwnf;wGv J sujf zpfygu tpzdik u f C dk lick vkyNf y;D Shift Key ESiEhf ydS v f Qut f qH;k zdik u f kd Click vkyaf ½G;cs,yf g/ 4if; Folder ESifh File rsm;tm; Left Pane Window &Sd [C:] ay:odkY Drag and Drop vkyfyg/

Hard Disk wpfckrS Folder ESifh File rsm;tm; tjcm; Hard Disk wpfckodkYul;,ljcif; 3/ Hard Disk wpfckrS Folder ESifh File rsm;tm; tjcm; Hard Disk wpfckodkY atmufyg

twdkif; ul;,lEdkifygonf(u) Windows Explorer udkzGifhyg/ Exploring Window ay:vmrnf/ ( c) Left Pane Window wGif Hard Disk [C:] ukd Click vkyfyg/ ( *) Right Pane Window wGif VOL_1 [C:] rS Folder ESihf File rsm; ay:vmrnf/ ul;,lvkdaom Folder ESifh File rsm;ukd a&G;cs,f&rnf/ (C) FolderESifh File wpfckukda&G;&ef 4if;FolderESifh Fileay:wGif Click vkyfyg/ ( i) FolderESifhFile rsm; wpfckxufydkí a&G;cs,ful;,lvdkygu Ctrl Key udk ESdyfvsuf ul;vdkonfh Folder ESifh File rsm;udk Click vkyfía½G;cs,fyg/ ( p) ul;,lvo kd nhf Folder ESihf File rsm;wGv J sujf zpfygu tpzdik u f C dk lick vkyNf y;D Shift Key ESifhESdyfvQuftqHk;zdkifudk Click vkyfía½G;cs,fyg/ (q) 4if;Folder ESifh FilewdkYudk Left Pane Window &Sd Hard Disk [D:] ay:odkY Drag and Drop vkyfyg/ rSwfcsuf/ Hard Disk ESpfckjzpfygu wpfckonf Drive[C:] jzpfNyD; usefwpfckonf Drive[D:] jzpfrnf/ ul;,lrnfhFolder ESifhFile rsm;onf Drive[D:]\ Disk space ae&mvGwfwGif 0ifqefY&ygrnf/ Hard Disk rS Folder ESifh File rsm;tm; Floppy disk odkYul;,ljcif; 4/ Hard Disk rSul;,lvdkonfh FolderESifhFilersm;udka&G;cs,fNyD;aemuf Right Click ESdyfyg/ ay:vmaomContext Menu rSSend To→3½ Floppy Disk[A] udka&G;cs,fítjreful;,lEdkif

ygonf/ 4if;tjyif atmufygenf;vrf;jzifhvnf; ul;,lEdkifygonf(u) Windows Explorer udkzGifhygu Exploring Windiows ay:vmrnf/ ( c) 3½ Floppy Drive [A:] wGif Floppy disk udkxnfhyg/

4

Microsoft Windows'98

( *) (C)

Exploring window \ Left Pane Window wGif [C:] ukd Click vkyfyg/ Right Pane Window wGif [C:]rS FolderESiF hf ile rsm;ay:vmrnf/ ul;,lvadk om FolderESifh File rsm;ukd a&G;cs,f&rnf/ ( i) FolderESifh File wpfckckukda&G;&ef 4if; FolderESifh File ay:wGif Click vkyfyg/ ( p) FolderESiFhf ile rsm; wpfcx k ufyí kd a&G;cs,u f ;l vdyk guCtrl Key udEk ydS v f suf ul;vdk onfh Folder ESifh File rsm;udk Mouse jzifh Click vkyfía½G;cs,fyg/ (q) ul;,lvdkonhf Folder ESifh File rsm; qufwdkufwpfqufwnf; wGJvsufjzpfygu tpzdik u f C dk lick vkyNf y;D Shift Key ESyd v f sut f qH;k zdik u f kd Click vkyí f a½G;cs,yf g/ ( Z) a&G;cs,x f m;aom Folder ESihf File rsm;tm; Left Panel Window &Sd 3½ Floppy [A:] ay:odkY Drag and Drop vkyfyg/ yHk(3) rSwfcsuf/ ul;,lvdkaom Source File wpfck (odkYr[kwf) File rsm;\ yrmPonf vufcH rnhf diskette \ae&mvGwfwGif 0ifqefY&ygrnf/ Diskette wGif Write protect rjyKvkyfxm;&efvnf; vdktyfygonf/

yH(k 3)

5

Microsoft Windows'98

Disk Cleanup udk toHk;jyKjcif; 5/ Hard Disk wGif Temporary file ? uninstall file rsm;ESihf trIu d yf ;kH xJwiG f zsux f m;aom zdkifrsm;&Sdwwfojzifh 4if;wdkYudk Disk cleanup jyKvkyfjcif;jzifh Hard Disk wGif ae&mvGwf Free space rsm;jym;vmatmif vkyfaqmifEdkifygonf/

6/ Disk Cleanup vkyfjcif;jzifh Hard Disk &dStoHk;rvdkaom File rsm;? Temporary file rsm;udk&SmNyD; List vkyfjyygrnf/ Check box rSma½G;cs,fí Disk Cleanup jyKvkyfEdkifygonf/ Disk Cleanup vkyfjcif;jzifh Free Space rnfrQtydkxGufvmEdkifaMumif; awGU&SdEdkifygonf/ Disk Cleanup udkatmufygtqifhtwdkif; aqmif½GufvkyfaqmifEdkifygonf(u) Start Button → Program → Accessories → System Tools → Disk Cleanup udk Select vkyfyg/ Select Drive dialog box ay:vmrnf/ yHk(4) ( c) Drive : List box wGif Disk Cleanup vkyfvkdaom Drive C: udka½G;cs,fí OK udC k lick vkyfyg/ Disk Cleanup for (C:) dialog box ay:vmrnf/ yHk(5)

yH(k 4)

yH(k 5)

Windows'98 rS rvdktyfaom zdik rf sm;udk y,fzsu&f ef 4if; Check Box udk ü a&G;cs,fyg/

{

Microsoft Windows'98

( *) (C)

6

zsufvdkaom zdkifrsm;udk a½G;cs,fí OK udk Click vkyfyg/ Disk Cleanup for C: dialog box ay:vmrnf/ yHk(6) trSefwu,fzsufvdkygu Yes udk Click vkyfyg/

yH(k 6)

Printer Installation jyKvkyfjcif; 7/ Computer wGif Printer topfwpfcu k kd csw d q f uftoH;k jyKEikd &f ef atmufygtwdik ;f Printer Installation jyKvkyf&rnf(u) Control Panel udk zGifhyg/ ( c) 4if;rS Printer Icon udk double Click vkyfyg/ (odkYr[kwf) Start → Setting → Printer udk Click vkyfyg/ yHk(7) ( *) Printers window ay:vmrnf/ yHk(8)

yH(k 7)

7 (C)

Microsoft Windows'98

4if;rSS Add Printer icon udk double click vkyyf g/ Add Printer wizard dialog box ay:vmrnf/ yHk(9)

yH(k 8)

( i)

yH(k 9)

Install pwifvy k af qmif&eftwGuf Next udk click vkyyf g/ atmufygtwdik ;f Add Printer wizard dialog box xyfay:vmrnf/ yHk(10)

Microsoft Windows'98

( p)

8

4if;rS Network pepfwGifcsdwfquftoHk;jyKvdkygu Network printer udka&G;yg/ Network rokH;ygu Local Printer udka½G;cs,fNyD; Next udkESdyfyg/ atmufyg twdkif; Add Printer wizard Dialog box xyfay:vmrnf/ yHk(11)

yH(k 10)

(q)

yH(k 11)

f yk o f nfu h rk P Ü t D rnfuakd ½G;yg/ Oyrm4if;rS Manufacturers list box wGif xkwv HPukad &G;cs,y f gu Printer list boxwGif HP rSxw k v f yk af om Printer trsK;d tpm; rsm; ay:vmrnf/

9 ( Z) ( Z)

yH(k 12)

yH(k 13)

Microsoft Windows'98

4if;rS wpfcu k adk &G;yg/ Oyrm-HP LaserJet 2000 udak ½G;cs,Nf y;D vQif Next udEk ydS yf g/ atmufyg Add Printer wizard dialog box xyfay:vmrnf/ yHk(12) yHkrSeftm;jzifh LPT1wGif Select jzpfaernf/ 4if;rS Next udk ESdyfygu atmufyg twdkif; Add printer wizard dialog box xyfay:vmrnf/ yHk(13)

Microsoft Windows'98

( ps)

10

Default printer tjzpfxm;vdkygu Yes ? rxm;vdkygu No udk a½G;cs,fyg/ 4if;aemuf Next udEk ydS yf gu atmufyg Add printer wizard dialog box xyfay:

vmrnf/ yHk(14)

yH(k 14)

(n)

Printer test jyKvy k v f ykd gu Yes ? rvkyv f ykd gu No udak ½G;cs,í f Finish udEk ydS yf gu atmufyg Insert Disk dialog box ay:vmrnf/ yHk(15)

yH(k 15)

( #) ( X)

OK udk Click vkyfyg/ Copying Files dialog box ay:vmrnf/ yHk(16) Computer xJwi G f Windows 98 Install CD rS File rsm; toifu h ;l xnfx h m;ygu Copy file from box wGif atmufaz:jyygtwdkif;a½G;cs,fNyD; OK udk Click vkyyf g/ tu,fí Windows 98 Install File rsm;r&Syd gu Windows 98 Install CD udk CDROM Drive wGif xnfhay;&ygrnf/

11

Microsoft Windows'98

yH(k 16)

rSwfcsuf /

tcsdKU Printer rsm;onf Add Printer Wizard jzifh Install vkyfír&bJ Installation CD jzifh oD;jcm; Install jyKvkyf&ygrnf/ 4if; CD onf Auto Run ygu vdktyfovdk Click ESdyfí Setup jyKvkyf&ygrnf/ Auto Run ryg0ifygu Start → Run → Browse jzifh Setup Program &Sdaom Path udk a½G;cs,f&ygrnf/

Printer tm; Print test xkwfíprf;oyfjcif; 8/ Printer wpfv;kH tm; Hardware ESihf Software rsm; yHr k eS v f yk af qmifEikd jf cif; &S^d r&Sd prf;oyf &ef Printer Icon ay:wGif Right click vkyfyg/ ay:vmaom Context Menu rS Properties udk a½G;cs,fyg/ ¤if;rS Print test Page udk ESdyfygu Printer rSefuefpGmxkwfay;EdkifvQif Yes ? rSefuefpGm rxkwfay;EdkifvQif No udkESdyfyg/ No udkESdyfvQif Windows 98 Troubleshooters rS

oifhjyóemudk ajz&Sif;Edkifa&; tultnDay;ygrnf/ Default printer owfrSwfjcif; 9/ Default printer qdo k nfrmS Computer wGif Printer trsK;d tpm;udk yHak oBuKw d ifowfrw S f

ay;jcif;udk qdkvdkygonf/ xdkodkYowfrSwfvdkygu atmufygtwdkif;vkyfaqmif&ygrnf(u) Control Pane Window xJrS Printer icon udk double click vkyfyg/ Printer window yGifhvmrnf/ ( c) BudKwifowfrSwfay;vdkaom Printer udk a½G;cs,fí mouse nmbufcvkwfudk Click wpfcsufvkyfyg/ ay:vmaom Shortcut menu rS Set as default udk a½G;cs,fyg/ yHk(17)

Microsoft Windows'98

12

yH(k 17)

Application Software Installation jyKvkyfjcif; 10/ Software wpfcktm; Installation jyKvkyfvdkygu(u) Application wpfcu k kd Install jyKvyk rf nfqykd gu xdk Application requirement (rnfonfh Operating System ay:wGif oH;k Edik o f nf)? Hardware requirement (CPU, Memory, HD free space, VGA Color resolution ponfhwdkYrnfrQ vdktyfonf)wdkYudk od&dSEdkifap&eftwGuf Setup.txt (odkYr[kwf) Readme.txt

( c)

( *)

zdkifrsm;tm; zwf½Ií OD;pGmjyifqif&rnf/ Hardware requirement rsm;? Software requirement rsm;jynfhpHk&rnfhtjyif Serial number (odkYr[kwf) CD Key (odkYr[kwf) Product Key wdkYudkvnf; od&&dS ef vdt k yfygonf/ CD wGif Virus &d^S r&du S v kd nf; ppfaq;&ef vdt k yfygonf/ erlemtaejzifh PageMakers 6.52 plus Software tm; Install vkyaf qmifjcif; udk atmufygtwdkif; vkyfaqmif&ygrnf(1) CD Drive wGif Install CD udx k nfyh g/ My Computer udk Double click ESdyfízGifhyg/ ¤if;rS CD ROM yHko@mef Icon tm; Double click ESdyfygu CD Windows yGiv hf mrnf/ yH(k 18)

13

Microsoft Windows'98

yH(k 18)

(2) (3)

Install vkyfvdkaom Page Maker 6.52 plus Folder udk&Smyg/ CD Windows wGif Pm652 Plus Folder Icon udk double Click vkyfygu Pm652 Plus Windows yGifhvmrnf/ yHk(19)

yH(k 19)

(4)

4if; Windows rS Setup Icon ud&k mS í Double click vkyyf gu Setup windows ay:vmrnf/ yHk(20) 4if;rS Next button udk click vkyfyg/

Microsoft Windows'98

14

yH(k 20)

(5)

yH(k 21)

Software License Agreement dialog box ay:vmrnf/ yH(k 21) 4if;rS Accept button udk Click vkyfyg/

15 (6)

Microsoft Windows'98

Language Selection dialog box ay:vmrnf/ yHk(22) 4if;rS U.S. English option ukd a½G;NyD; Next button udk Click vkyfyg/

yH(k 22)

(7)

yH(k 23)

Setup Type dialog box ay:vmrnf/yHk(23)4if;rS Typical option udk a½G;NyD; Next button udk Click vkyfyg/

Microsoft Windows'98

16

( 8)

Adobe PageMaker 6.5 dialog box ay:vmrnf/ yH(k 24) yHr k eS t f m;jzifh Adobe System 35K udktoifha½G;cs,fxm;NyD;jzpfrnf/ 4if;rS Next button udk Click vkyfyg/

( 9) (10)

PageMaker dialog box ay:vmyguNext button udk Click vkyfyg/ User Information dialog box ay:vmrnf/ yHk(25) An Individual option udka½G;yg/ Title, First Name, Last Name, Company Text box wGif qDavsmfovdk½dkufxnfhay;yg/ Serial Number wGif Serial Number udkrSefuef pGm½dkufxnfhay;&rnf/ 4if;aemuf Next button udk Click vkyfyg/

yH(k 24)

yH(k 25)

17 (11)

Microsoft Windows'98

Adobe PageMaker 6.5 Setup dialog box ay:vmrnf/ yH(k 26) 4if;rS Yes button udk Click vkyfyg/ xdktcg Page Maker 6.5 application software rsm;tm; Installation jyKvkyfoGm;ygrnf/

yH(k 26)

(12)

Page Maker 6.5 installation NyD;qHk;cgeD;wGif Post script font rsm;udk toHk;jyKEdkifa&;twGuf Adobe Type Manager tm; ATM installer rS Install jyKvkyfay;ygrnf/ yHk(27) Adobe Type Manager udk rxnfh oGif;&ao;ygu Install button udk Click vkyfyg/ xnfhoGif;NyD;ygu Cancel button udk Click vkyfyg/

yH(k 27)

Microsoft Windows'98

(13)

18 4if;aemufAdobe PageMaker 6.5 Setup dialog box jyefay:vmrnf/ yH(k 28) Finish button udk Click vkyí f uGeyf sLwmtm; Restart jyefvyk yf g/

yH(k 28)

(14)

Computer ready jzpfaomtcg Start → Program → Adobe → Page Maker6.5 → Adobe Page Maker 6.5 udE k ydS í f Install vkyNf y;D aom Page Mager 6.5 yHkrSefvkyfrvkyf ppfaq;yg/

Software udk Remove jyKvkyfjcif; 11/ Software wpf c k u d k z suf v d k y gu omref Document File rsm; zsuf o uJ h o d k Y zsufí&aomfvnf; System File rsm;? Register File rsm;wGif 4if;ESifhygwfoufonfh tcsuf tvuf r sm; usef & d S a eojzif h Operating System ud k trS m ;t,G i f ; jzpf a pEd k i f y gonf /

xdkodkYrjzpfap&eftwGuf atmufygtwdkif; vkyfaqmifEdkifygonf(u) Start button → Setting → Control Panel udk Click vkyfyg/ Control Panel window yGifhvmrnf/ ( c) 4if;rS Add/Remove Program icon udk Double click vkyyf g/ Add/Remove Program dialog box ay:vmrnf/ ( *) Dialog box wGif Install jyKvkyfxm;aom Software rsm;udk List box wGif awGU&rnf/

19 (C)

Microsoft Windows'98

z,f&mS ;vdak om Software Packages udk List box wGiaf ½G;cs,í f Add/Remove button udk Click vkyfyg/ yHk(29)?

yH(k 29)

( i)

Confirm File Deletion dialog box ay:vmrnf/ yHk(30) zsufvdkygu Yes ? rzsufvdkygu No udk Click vkyfyg/

yH(k 30)

True Type Font Installation vkyfjcif; 12/ True Type Font rsm;tm; Install vkyfvdkygu atmufygtwdkif; vkyfaqmif&ef(u) Start button → Setting → Control Panel udk Click vkyfyg/ Control Panel window yGifhvmrnf/

20 Control Panel Window twGif;rS Font icon udk Double click vkyfyg/ Font window ay:vmrnf/ 4if;rS File menu udk click vkyfí Install New Font udka½G;cs,fyg/ Add Font dialog box ay:vmrnf/ yHk(31)

Microsoft Windows'98

( c)

yH(k 31)

( i)

Dialog box twGif;rS Drives list box wGif Install vkyfrnfh Drive udk a½G;cs,fyg/4if;aemuf Folders list box rS Install vkyfvdkaom Fonts &Sdonfh Folder udk a½G;cs,fyg/ xdktcg List of fonts list box wGif Fonts list rsm;udkawGU&rnf/ Install vkyfvdkaom Font rsm;udk a½G;cs,fí OKudk Click vkyfyg/ (True Type Font wpfrsKd;twGuf *.TTF zdkifwpfckvdktyfygonf/)

Post Script Font Installation vk y f j cif ; 13/ Font rsm;tm; Install vkyfvdkygu atmufygtwdkif;vkyfaqmif&ef (u) Start button èProgram èAdobe èAdobe Type Manager udk Click vkyfyg/ Adobe Type Manager Windows yGifhvmrnf/ yHk(32) Install jyKvkyf rnfh Post Script Font wpfrsdK;pDtwGuf PostScript Outlines Fonts File (*.pfb) ESifh PostScript Matrics Fonts File(*.pfm) (2)ckpD&Sd&ygrnf/ 4if;wdkYyg0ifaom Diskette (odkYr[kwf) CD udkxnhfyg/

21

Microsoft Windows'98

yH(k 32)

( c)

yH(k 33)

nmbuf&dS List Box wGif Floppy Disk Drive (odrYk [kw)f CD Drive twGi;f rS font folder udak &G;cs,y f gu font list rsm;ay:vmrnf/ Font rsm;xJrS rdrd Install vkyfvdkonfh Font rsm;udka&G;cs,fEdkifNyD;? Add Button tm; Clickvkyfygu b,fbuf List Box wGif Font topfrsm;ay:vmrnf/ yHk(33)

Microsoft Windows'98

22

Modem Install jyKvkyfjcif; 14/ Modem wpfcktm; Install jyKvkyf&ef atmufygtwkdif;tqifhqifhaqmif&Gufyg(u) Start Menu rS Setting è Control Panel ukd Click vkyfygu Control Panel Window ay:vmrnf/ 4if;rS Add New Hardware ukd Click vkyf ygu ykH(34)ygtwkdif; Add New Hardware Wizard ay:vmrnf/

ykH (34)

( c)

ykH (35)

ay:vmonfh yk(H 34) Add New Hardware Wizard rS Next Button ukd Click vkyfygu ykH(35)ygtwkdif; awGU&ygrnf/

23 ( *)

Microsoft Windows'98

yk(H 35)rS Next ukC d lick vkyyf gu yk(H 36)ygtwkid ;f topfwyfqifaom Hardware Device tm; tvkdtavsmuf&SmazGwyfqifay;apjcif; (okdYr[kwf) Hardware Types rsm;rS a&G;cs,fjcif; wpfckckukd vkyfaqmif&rnfjzpf&m Windwos OS wGif Plug and Play pG r f ; aqmif E k d i f a om Decvice rsm;twG u f "Yes, (Recommended)" ukd a&G;cs,f&efjzpfNyD;? wyfqifaom Hardware twGuf Driver Disk &SdjyD;jzpfygu "No, I want to select the hardware from a list." ukda&G;cs,f&efjzpfygonf/

ykH (36)

(C)

ykH (37)

ykH (36)ygtwkid ;f a&G;cs,í f Next ukd Click vkyyf gu ay:vmrnf/ ykH (37)ygtwkid ;f Hardware trsKd;tpm;rsm; a&G;cs,f&ef List rsm;ay:vmrnf/

24 4if; Hardware rsm;rS Modem ukda&T;cs,fí Next ukd Click vkyfygu ykH(38)ygtwkdif; Install New Modem Window ay:vmrnf/

Microsoft Windows'98

( i)

ykH (38)

( p)

wyfqifrnfh Modem onf Wondows OS rS Plug and Play od&SdjyD; tvkdtavsmuf wyfqifEkdifygu Ckeck Box wGif ra&G;cs,fbJ Next ukd Click vkyf&efjzpfygonf/ ,ck Installation wGifrl Windows OS rS Modem ukd Detect rjyKvkyfapbJ Modem List rS a&G;cs,frnfjzpfí Check box ukd Click vkyí f a&G;cs,Nf y;D Next ESyd yf gu yk(H 39)ygtwkid ;f Modem trsKd ;tpm;ESihf

ykH (39) ykH (7)

25

(q)

Microsoft Windows'98

oufqkdif&m Modelrsm;ay:vmmrnfjzpfygonf/ 3 Com U.S Robotics 56k Message Modem ukd Installation vkyfjcif;jzpfojzifh 3 Com ukd a&G;cs,f&ef jzpfonf/ 3 Com \ Model rsm;wGif ,ckwyfqifrnfh 56k Message Modem trsdK;tpm; ryg&Sdojzifh Have Disk a&G;cs,fNyD;í Driver Files (*.inf) ukd a&G;cs,f&efjzpfygonf/ ykH(39)rS Have Disk ukd Click ESdyfNyD;ygu (40-u) twkdif; Install From Disk Window ay:vmrnf/ Modem Driver CD xnfhum Browse button ukd ESyd yf gu ykH (40-c)ygtwkid ;f ay:vmrnf/ Modem Driver CD wGif oufqidk &f m inf zkdif&Sdonfh vrf;aMumif;ukda&G;cs,fjcif;jzihf inf zkdif&Sdonfhvrf;aMumif;okdY a&muf&SdoGm;rnf jzpfygonf/ ykH (40-c)wGif OKukd Click vkyfygu 3 Com Modem rsm;\pm&if;rsm; xGufay:vmrnf/

ykH (40-u)

ykH (40-c)

Microsoft Windows'98

( Z)

26

ykH (43)rS U.S Robotics 56k Message ukda&G;cs,fNyD; Next ukd Click vkyyf gu ykH (43)yg twkdif; Modem wyfqifrnfh Port ukd a&G;cs,fEkdif&ef List box ay:vmrnf/ 4if;rS Modem wyfqifxm;aom Port (Com2) ukda&G;cs,fyg/ (,ckwyfqif prf;oyfaom Computer wGif COM1ü Mouse tokH;jyKaeojzifh Modem ukd Communications Port [COM2] wGif a&G;cs,x f m;jcif; jzpfygonf/

ykH (42)

ykH (43)

) ( ps)

ykH(43)ygtwkdif;a&G;cs,fjyD; Next ukd Click vkyfyg/ Modem tm;atmifjrifpGm Setup (Install) jyKvy k Nf y;D aMumif; yk(H 44)jzifh az:jyay;rnfjzpfygonf/ aemufq;Hk wGif Finish ukd Click vkyí f Modem topf Install vkyjf cif;ukNd y;D qk;H apygrnf/ (tu,fí Modem ESiyhf wfoufonfh Setting rsm;jyKjyifajymif;vJvydk gu Startè Setting èControl Pannel &Sd Modem Icon ukd Click ESpc f suEf ydS í f vkyaf qmif &ygrnf/)

27

Microsoft Windows'98

ykH (44)

(n)

yk(H 44)rS Finish ukEd ySd Nf y;D aemuf Add New Hardware Wizard rS Wave Device HardwaretwGuf Driver ukad wmif;qky d gvdrrhf nf/ þuJo h adYk wmif;qkjd cif;rSmvnf; Modem onf Vioce Modem tjzpfpr G ;f aqmifEidk o f jzifh toHqidk &f m ykv Yd w T jf cif; udpö&yfrsm;twGuf Driver Software Setup jyKvkyfay;&jcif;jzpfygonf/

ykH (45)

(ps)

ykH (45)rS Next ukdEdSyfygu ykH(46)ygtwkdif; 56k Modem Installation Disk twGif;rSyg&SdNyD;jzpfaom toHqkdif&m Device Driver rsm;ay:vmrnf jzpf onf/ 4if;rSoufqkdif&mwpfckckukda&G;cs,fí OK ukd Click vkyfygu ykH(47) ay:vm rnf/ Finish ukdClick vkyfjcif;jzifh vkH;0NyD;aprnfjzpfygonf/

Microsoft Windows'98

28

yk-H (46)

yk-H (47)

Modem tm; Testing jyKvkyfjcif; 15/ Start Menu rS Setting èControl Pannel ukd Click vkyyf guay:vmaom Control Pannel Window rS Modem Icon ukC d lick vkyyf g/ wyfqifjy;D jzpfaom Modem trsKd ;tpm;rsm; ay:vmrnf/ xkdYaemuf Diagnostic Tab ukd Click vkyfí Modem rS Response rsm;ukd ppfaq;&ef jzpfygonf/ Diagnostics Tab ukd ESdyfygu Modem Properties Window ay:vmrnfjzpfonf/ 4if;rS More info... ukd ESyd jf cif;jzifh Modem \ Response rsm;ukd Munf&h í I ppfaq;&efjzpfonf/ More info... Window &Sd List box twGif;rS Response rsm;wGif Error [k Response ay;jcif;rsm;? tjcm; Abnormal Response ay;jcif;rsm; jzpfay:ygu Modem onf wpfckckrSm;,Gif;jcif;? Setting rsm;rSm;,Gif;aMumif; odomEkdifygonf/

29

Microsoft Windows'98

Sound card install jyKvkyfjcif; 16/ Sound card install jyKvkyf&eftwGuf atmufygtwdkif;aqmif&Gufyg(u) Start → Settings → Control Panel udk click vkyfyg/ Control Panel window ay:vmrnf/ yHk (48)

yHk (48)

( c)

Control Panel windows yHk(48)rS Add new hardware icon udk Double Click vkyfyg/Add new hardware wizard windows yHk(49)ay:vmrnf/

yH(k 49)

( *)

Installing pwif&ef yHk(49) rS next udk click vkyfygu Plug & Play devices rsm;udk&Sm&ef Add New Hardware Wizard windows yHk(50)ay:vmrnf/

Microsoft Windows'98

30

yHk (50)

(C)

Plug & Play devices rsm;uk& d mS &eftwGuf next udk click vkyyf g/ Autodetect jyKvkyf&ef atmufygtwdkif; window ay:vmrnf- yHk(51)

yH(k 51)

(1)

(2)

Plug & Play devices rsm;twGuf tvdt k avQmuf Install jyKvyk Ef ikd &f ef twGuf Yes (Recommand)udak &G;cs,jf y;D next udk click vkyyf g/topf wyfqifxm;aomHardwares rsm;udk Windows OS rStvdktavQmuf ½SmazGjyD; Installing vkyfrnfh device twGuf setting ESifh driverrsm;udk

rSefuefatmif jyKvkyfay;rnfjzpfygonf/ Install jyKvy k v f o kd nfY Hardware Type onf Plug & Play r[kwyf gu (odkYr[kwf) Hardware list rSa&G;cs,fvdkygu No, I want to select the hardware from list udka&G;cs,fjyD; click vkyfyg/yHk(52) ay:vmrnf/

31

Microsoft Windows'98

yH(k 52)

(3)

yHk(52)rS Install vkyfvdkaom Hardware trsdK;tpm;udk a½G;cs,f&rnf jzpfojzifh Sound card installing twGuf Sound, video and game controllers udak ½G;cs,jf y;D next udk click vkyy f gu Sound card twGuf Manufacture and model a&G;cs,f&ef window ay:vmrnf/yHk(53)

yH(k 53)

(4)

yHk(53)rS Sound card xkwfvkyfonfY Manufactures and model udk a&G;cs,fjyD; (Oyrm-Yamaha Sound Card trsdK;tpm;ESifh OPL3-SAx reserved Model) udak ½G;cs,Nf y;D Next udkclick vkyy f gu Install jyKvyk f &ef Sound card driver awmif;rnfU windows ay:vmrnf/ yHk(54)

32

Microsoft Windows'98

yH(k 54)

(5)

yH(k 55)

d nfh CD (odrYk [kw)f Diskette udk oufqikd &f m yH(k 54) rS Sound driver &So drive wGif xnfhum Sound driver &Sdonfh Path udk owfrSwfay;jyD; OK ud k click vk y f y gu install jyKvk y f a y;oG m ;rnf j zpf y gonf / Installation jy;D qH;k aMumif; windows ay:vmaomtcg Finish udk click ESdyfyg/ yHk(55)

33

Microsoft Windows'98

Sound Card yHkrSefvkyfaqmifrI&Sd^r&Sd prf;oyfjcif; 17/ Sound Card yHkrSefvkyfaqmifrI&Sd^r&Sd atmufygtwdkif; prf;oyfEdkifygonf(u) Start → Setting → Control Panel udk Click vkyfyg/ ( c) Control Panel windows yGifhvmrnf/ ( *) Control Panel windows rS Sound icon udk Double click vkyfyg/ Sound Properties windows yGifhvmrnf/ yHk(56)

yH(k 56)

(C) ( i) ( p)

Sound Properties windows rS Events list box wGif toHk;jyKvdkaom vkyfaqmifrI wpfckckudk a½G;&rnf/ Oyrm- Exit Windows udka½G;cs,fyg/ Name list box rS xGufay:vdkaom oHpOfwpfckckudk a½G;&rnf/ Oyrm- Jungle Windows Exit udk a½G;cs,fyg/ Events list wGif a½G;cs,fvdkufaomvkyfaqmifrI\a&SUwGif Speaker yHkay: vmygrnf/ Preview wGif Icon yHk ay:vmygrnf/

Microsoft Windows'98

(q)

( Z) ( ps)

34

oHpOfxGufay:vmrIudk odvdkygu Preview atmuf&Sd button udk Click vkyyf gu oHpOfxu G af y:vmonfukd Mum;&ygrnf/ 4if; Button rdeS af eygu Error &dSaMumif; odEdkifygonf/odkYjzpfí Sound Card ESifh Driver rsm;udk ppfaq;yg/ tvm;wl oHpOfxnfhvdkaom tjcm;vkyfaqmifrIrsm;udkvnf; txufygtwdkif; a½G;cs,f vkyfaqmif&ef jzpfygonf/ oDcsi;f CD udk xnfí h vnf; ppfaq;Edik yf gong/ toHrxGuyf gu CD ESihf Sound Card qufoG,faom Audio BudK; wyfqifxm;rIrSefrrSefppfaq;yg/

Volume Control udk Taskbar ay:wGif azmfjyapjcif; 18/ Windows 98 Desktop Screen \ Taskbar ay:wGif Volume control Icon

udk

ay:apvdkygu atmufygtwdkif; vkyfaqmif&ef(u) Start → Setting → Control Panel udk Click vkyfyg/ ( c) Control Panel windows yGifhvmrnf/ ( *) Control Panel windows rS Multimedia icon udk Double click vkyfyg/ Multimedia Properties dialog box ay:vmrnf/yHk(57) (C) Multimedia Properties windows rS Show Volume control on the Taskbar Check box udk Click vkyfí OK udk Click vkyfyg/ xdktcg Taskbar ay:wGif Volume control ay:vmrnf/

yH(k 57)

35

Microsoft Windows'98

Character Map Installation jyKvkyfjcif; 19/ Accessories wGif Character Map xnfhoGif;xm;jcif;rjyK&ao;ygu C:\Windows directory twGif;wGif Charmap.exe program file udk &SmazG&efvdktyfygrnf/ ¤if; Directory twGif;wGifvnf; rawGU&Sdygu Character Map udk atmufygtwdkif; Install jyKvkyf&ygrnf(u) Start button → Settings → Control panel udk Click vkyfyg/ ( c) Control panel windows rS Add/Remove Program icon udk Double click

vkyyf g/ ( *)

Add/Remove Program Properties dialog box rS Windows Setup Tab

udk a½G;cs,fyg/ yHk(58)

yH(k 58)

36

Microsoft Windows'98

(C) ( i)

System Tool udka½G;í Details udk ESdyfyg/ ay:vmaom System Tool windows rS Character Map Check box udk Click vkyfí OK udk ESdyfyg/yHk(59)

yH(k 59)

( p)

þodkY Install jyKvkyf&mwGif Windows 98 installation CD vdktyfygonf/ Install jyKvkyfaompufwGif Windows 98 installation package &SdNyD;jzpfygu ¤if; Package &Sad om Path udk Text box wGif wdu k ½f u kd x f nfo h iG ;f ívnf;aumif; Browse rS&SmazGívnf;aumif; Path udkrSefuefatmifa½G;cs,fEdkifygonf/

Display Adapters Driver tm; rSefuefatmif Setting jyKvkyfjcif; 20/ uGeyf sLwmwGif wyfqiftoH;k jyKaom Monitor trsK;d tpm;ESihf Display Adapters a½G;cs,f xm;jcif; rSeu f efrrI &Syd gu Screen color setting onf (16)a&mifxuf ydrk rkd &&SEd ikd o f jzifh Monitor wGif ½kyyf rkH sm;onf Color rSeu f efrrI &SEd ikd yf g/ xdu k o Jh jYkd zpfygu Display Adapters udk rSeu f efatmif

a½G;cs,fay;&ef vdktyfygojzifh atmufygtwkdif;vkyfaqmif&ygrnf(u) Start → Setting → Control Panel udk Click vkyfyg/ Control Panel windows yGifhvmrnf/ ( c) Display icon udk Double click vkyfyg/ Display Properties dialog box ay:vm rnf/ (odkYr[kwf) Desktop ay:wGif Mouse jzifh Right click ESdyfí ay:vmaom Shortcut menu rS Properties udk a½G;yg/ yHk(60)

37

Microsoft Windows'98

yH(k 60)

( *)

yHk(60) rS Settings Tab udk a½G;NyD; Advanced button udk ESdyfyg/ Advancced Screen ay:vmrnf/ Adapter Tab udk Click vkyfyg/ Adapter screen ay: vmrnf/ yHk(61)

yH(k 61)

(C) ( i)

yH(k 61)rSChange udC k lick vkyí f ay:vmaom Screen rS Next udk Click vkyyf g/ Update Device Driver Wizard dialog box ay:vmrnf/ Display a list all the drive in a specific location, udka½G;cs,fí Next udk Click vkyfyg/ yk(H 62)

Microsoft Windows'98

38

yH(k 62)

( p)

ay:vmaom Screen rS Show all hardware option udk a½G;cs,fyg/ Update Device Driver Wizard dialog box ay:vmrnf/ yHk(63)

yH(k 63)

(q) ( Z)

yHk(63)rS Manufacturers list box wGif wyfqifrnfh Adapter xkwfvkyfonfh ukrÜPDtrsKd;tpm;udk a½G;cs,fyg/ Models list box wGif ¤if; ukrP Ü x D w k f Adapter, driver udak ½G;cs,yf g/ Driver rsm;rSm udkufnD&rnfjzpfonf/ tu,fí wyfqifrnf Adapter ESifh udkufnDaom Driver trsdK;tpm;onf Manufacture ESifh Model list wGif ryg&Sdygu Have Disk udk Click vkyfyg/ Install From Disk dialog box ay:vmrnf/ yHk(64)

39

Microsoft Windows'98

yH(k 64)

( ps)

Install disk udk Drive wGifxnfhí Browse jzifh Driver &Sdaom Path udk a½G;cs,f&rnf/ (odkYr[kwf) Copy manufacture's files from text list box wGif Path udx k nfah y;yg/ OK udk Click vkyyf g/ Update Device Drive Wizard dialog box ay:vmrnf/ yHk(65)

yH(k 65)

(n) ( #) ( X)

Dialog box rS Diver name (odr Yk [kw)f Display trsKd ;tpm;udk az:jyay;ygrnf/ xdkYaemuf Finish udk Click vkyfyg/ xdt k cguGeyf sLwmudk Restart jyKvyk &f ef System Settings Change dialog box ay:vmrnf/ 4if;rS Yes udk Click vkyfyg/ Driver name rSefuefygu Display properties dialog box yHk(60)wGif Color list box wGif 16 bit color ESifh True color (24 bit) wdkYudk Setup jyKvkyfEdkifrnf

jzpfygonf/

Microsoft Windows'98

40

VCD Player toHk;jyKjcif; 21/ Windows 98 wGif toifhyg&Sdaom Windows Media Player jzifh VCD "gwfjym;

wpfcsyfudk tvG,fwulzGifhMunfhEdkifygonf(u) CD-ROM Drive xJodkY VCD "gwfjym;udkxnfhxm;yg/ ( c) Satart→ Program→Accessory→ Entertainment → Windows Media Player udk Click vkyfyg/ ( *) Windows Media Player ay:vmrnf/ ykH(66)

yk(H 66)

(C) ( i) ( p) (q) ( Z) ( ps)

File Menu rS Open ukd Click vkyfyg/ Open Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ ykH(67) 4if; Box wGif Browse button ukdESdyfyg/ ay:vmaom Open Dialog box rS Look in &Sd Down Arrow ukdESdyfí File &Sdrnhf Drive \ Folder Name "MPEGAV" ukd&SmNyD; Click vkyfyg/ ay:vmaom File list rS xxx.dat ukda&G;NyD;vQif Open ukd Click vkyfyg/ OK ukd Click vkyfyg/

41

Microsoft Windows'98

yk(H 67)

VCD Applications

22/

(u)

Power Player udktoHk;jyKjcif;/

4

5

6

24 7

8 9 17 15 16 18

1 2 3 11 12

( 1) ( 2) ( 3) ( 4) ( 5) ( 6) ( 7) ( 8) ( 9) (10) (11) (12) (13)

13

14 10 19 21 20 22 23 Eject = CD ukd xkwfjcif;^oGif;jcif; Power = Power Player ukd ydwfjcif; Minimized = Power Player Desk ukd Task bar ay:okdYykdYjcif; Config = Power Player ukd Setting jyKvkyfjcif; Repeat = xyfcgwpfvJvJzGifhjcif; Restart = tprSjyefvnfpwifjcif; About = Power Player taMumif;t&mrsm;ukdaz:jyjcif; TV Out = TV okdY qufoG,fjyojcif;? uGefysLwm Screen wGif Video Munfhjcif; Open CD = CD ukd tvkdtavsmufzGifhjcif; Open File = MPEG Files (½kyf^oHzkdif)rsm;ukd zGifhjcif; Audio Channel = toHvkdif;rsm;a&G;cs,fjcif; Volume Decrease = toHukdwpfajz;ajz;wkd;apjcif; Mute = toHukdydwfxm;jcif;

42

Microsoft Windows'98

(14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) (21) (22) (23) (24) (c)

Volume Increase Play Stop FB FF Begin End Pause Capture Full Numbers

= = = = = = = = = = =

toHukdwpfajz;ajz;us,fapjcif; Power Player ukdzGifhjcif; Power Player ukd&yfwefYjcif; aemufokdYjyefoGm;jcif; a&SUokdYoGm;jcif; tpokdYjyefoGm;jcif; aemufokdYoGm;jcif; acwå&yfwefYjcif; ½kyfykHukdzrf;jcif; jrifuGif;ukd csJUjcif; CD Track rsm;ukda&G;cs,fízGifhjcif;

Xing Player 1

2

5

6

7

10 11 8

3 4

9

( 1) ( 2) ( 3) ( 4) ( 5) ( 6) ( 7) ( 8) ( 9) (10) (11)

Title bar Menu bar Play File menu Zoom lower Zoom higher Volume control Toggles mute Display mode menu Begin End

= = = = = = = = = = =

acgif;pD;pmwef;az:jyjcif; Command rsm;udkaz:jyjcif; CD udkzGifhjcif; MPEG File rsm;udkzGifh&efa½G;cs,fjcif; jrifuGif;udkwajz;ajz;csKHUjcif; jrifuGif;udkwajz;ajz; csJUjcif; toHtwdk;^tus,fjyKvkyfjcif; toHtzGifh^tydwf jyKvkyfjcif; ESpo f uf&m Display mode a½G;cs,jf cif; tpokdYjyefoGm;jcif; aemufokdYoGm;jcif;

43

Microsoft Word 2000

tcef; ( 2 ) Microsoft Word 2000 Microsoft Word 2000 pwiftoHk;jyKjcif; 1/ Microsoft Word 2000 odkY pwif0ifa&muf&ef atmufygtwdkif;vkyfaqmifEdkifygonf(u) Screen \atmufajcwGiaf y:aeaom Task bar ay:&Sd Start Button tm; Click wpfcsufvkyfygu Start Menu ay:vmygrnf/ 4if; Start Menu ay:&dS Programs ay:odUk Pointer axmufygu Programs \ Sub Menu ay:vmrnf/

yH(k 1)

yHk( 1)

( *)

4if; Sub Mernu rS Microsoft Word tm; Click wpfcsuv f yk yf gu Microsoft Word 2000 Windows ay:vmrnf/ yHk(2)

44

Microsoft Word 2000

Title Bar

Menu Bar

Standard Tool Bar

Formating Tool Bar

Work Area

Status Bar

Drawing Tool Bar

yH(k 2)

Microsoft Word 2000 \azmfjyrItoGiftjyif 2/ Microsoft Word 2000 Screen wGif atmufygwdkY yg0ifygonf(u) Title Bar / File Name udk az:jyxm;aom ae&mjzpfonf/ File Name ray;&ao;vQif Document 1 jzifh jyaeNyD;? File Name ay;NyD; Save vkyfygu rdrday;cJhaom File Name udk Title Bar ay:wGif az:jyaernf/ ( c) Menu Bar / Menu Bar wGif File, Edit, View, Insert, Format, Tools, Table, Windows, Help ponfh Command rsm; yg0ifygonf/ ( *) Standard Toolbar / toHk;rsm;aom Command rsm;udk Icon (yHk)rsm;jzifh

az:jyxm;jcif; jzpfygonf/ 4if;wdkYrSmNew Blank Document / Microsoft Word Document topf wpfckudkzGifhjcif; jzpfygonf/

45

Microsoft Word 2000

Open / ,cifor d ;f qnf;xm;cJah om File rsm;udk zGiv hf o kd nht f cg oH;k onf/ 4if; Icon udk Click vkyfygu Open Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ rdrdtvdk&Sdaom File tm; Open vkyfí zGifhMunfhEdkifonf/ Save / Text rsm;? Object rsm;? Graphics zdkifrsm;udk odrf;qnf;xm; vdkygu toHk;jyKonf/ 4if; Icon udk Click vkyfygu Save as Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ rdrdodrf;vdkonfhae&mwGif File Name trnfay;NyD; Save

vkyEf idk o f nf/ Print / Text rsm;? Object rsm;? Graphics zdkifrsm;udk Printer jzifh xkwfEdkifygonf/ 4if; Icon udk Click vkyyf gu Print Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ Printer Name wGif Printer trsKd ;tpm; a&G;cs,í f tvd&k aSd om pmrsuEf mS rsm;udk

xkwf,l Edkifygonf/ Print Preview / Text rsm;? Object rsm;? Graphics zdi k rf sm;udk Printer

jzifh rxkwfrD ppfaq; Munhf½Ijcif; jzpfygonf/ Spelling And Grammer / Document wpfcktm; Spelling And Grammer wd k Y u d k ppf a q;&ef toH k ; jyKonf / Spelling And Grammer ppfaq;vdkaom Document \tpwGif Cursor udk ae&mcsyg/ 4if; Icon udk Click vkyfNyD; Spelling And Grammer udk ppfaq;Edkifygonf/ Cut / Document wpfckrS toHk;rjyKvdkaomtydkif;udk jzwfxkwfvdkvQif h ydik ;f tm; Select vkyNf y;D aemuf 4if; Icon udk Click toH;k jyK onf/ Cut vkyrf nft vkyyf g/ Copy / Document wpfcr k S tvd&k o Sd nft h ydik ;f tm; ul;,lvykd gu oH;k onf/ Copy vkyfrnfh tydkif;tm; Select vkyfNyD;aemuf 4if; Icon udk Click vkyfyg/ Paste / Copy (odr Yk [kw)f Cut jyKvyk x f m;aom tydik ;f wdu Yk kd tvd&k aSd om ae&mwGif jyefvnfxnfhoGif;xm;&dSvdkygu tokH;jyKonf/ Copy (odkYr[kwf) Cut jyKvyk x f m; aom tydik ;f wdt Yk m; 4if; Icon udk Click vkyjf cif;jzifh ul;,lEikd yf gonf/ Format Painter / toH;k jyKvakd om Font, Style, Size wdu Yk kd vG,u f pl mG ajymif;vJEikd af p&ef toH;k jyKonf/ tvd&k o Sd nfh Text rsm;tm; Select vkyNf y;D aemuf 4if; Icon tm; Click vkyfyg/ NyD;vQif ajymif;vJvdkaom Text rsm;ay:odkY Drag vkyyf g/

Microsoft Word 2000

46 Undo / jyKvkyfrIwpfckckudk y,fzsufvdkygu toHk;jyKonf/ 4if; Icon udk

Click vkyfygu ,if;jyKvkyfrIudk y,fzsufapygonf/ Redo / jyKvkyfrIwpfckckudk xyfrHítoHk;jyKvdkygu oHk;onf/ 4if; Icon udk Click vkyfygu rdrd\jyKvkyfrIudk qufvufjyKvkyfEdkifygonf/ Insert Table / Table topfjyKvkyfvdkygu oHk;onf/ 4if; Icon udk Click vkyfvdkufygu Pulldown Table rsm; ay:vmrnf/ 4if; Icon udk Point vkyjf cif;jzihf Row ESihf Column wdu Yk kd tvd&k o Sd nft h wdik ;f wnfaqmufEikd yf gonf/ Column / Document rsm;udk Column cGv J ykd gu oH;k onf/ Document

xJwGif Cursor csNyD;aemuf 4if; Icon udk Click vkyfyg/ ay:vmaom Pull Down Column tm; Point vkyjf cif;jzifh tvd& k aSd om Column rsm; owfrw S Ef ikd f ygonf/ Zoom / Document \jrifui G ;f udk tvd&k o Sd nfh t&G,t f pm; twdik ;f Munfh½Ivdkygu oHk;onf/ 4if; Icon ay:&Sd Down Arrow tm; Click vkyfNyD;? Munfh½Ivdkaom jrifuGif;trsKd;tpm;udk a&G;cs,fEdkifygonf/ yHk (3)

yH(k 3)

(C)

Formatting Toolbar / pm½dkufESdyf&mwGif Text rsm;udk atmufygtwdkif;

vdktyfovdk owfrSwfjyKjyifvdkonhftcg toHk;jyKygonf- yHk(4) Font / t*Fvdyf? jrefrm? yef;pmvHk;rsm;ESifhyHkrsm;udk a&G;cs,f Ekid yf gonf/ Font Size / pmvHk;t&G,ftpm;trsdK;rsdK;udk a&G;cs,fEdkifygonf/ Bold / pmvHk;txl ajymif;vJEdkifygonf/ Italic / pmvHk;tapmif;yHko@mef ajymif;vJEdkifygonf/

47

Microsoft Word 2000

Under Line /

pmvHk;rsm;atmufwGif rsOf;wm;Edkifygonf/ Align Left / pmrsm;tm; b,fnd§xm;vdkonhftcg toHk;jyKygonf/ Align Center / pmrsm;tm; tv,fnx d§ m;vdo k nft h cg toH;k jyKygonf/ Align Left / pmrsm;tm; nmn§dxm;vdkonhftcg toHk;jyKygonf/ Justify / pmrsm;tm; b,f^nm n§díxm;vdkonhftcg toHk;jyKygonf/ Numbering / pmyd' k rf sm;\a&SUwGif eHygwfrsm;xnfv h o kd nft h cg toH;k jyK ygonf/ Bullets / pmydk'frsm;\a&SUwGif tnTef;yHkpHav;rsm; wyfvdkonhftcg 4if; Icon udk Click vkyfjcif;jzifh jyKvkyfEdkifygonf/ Font

Font Size

Left Center Right

Bold Itilic Underline

Bullets

Justify Numbering

yH(k 4) File Menu 3/ File Menu wGif atmufygtwdkif; yg0ifygonf(u) Open a New File / zdkiftopf wpfckudk pwifzGihfvdkygu atmufygtwdkif;

aqmif&u G Ef ikd yf gonf(1) File Menu rS New tm; Click vkyfyg/ yHk(5) (2) New Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ yHk(6) (3) New Dialog Box wGif General, Legal Pleadings, Letters & Faxes, Memos, Other Documents, Publications, Reports, Web Pages ponfjzifh Menu (8)ck &Sdygonf/ tajccHavhvmolrsm;taejzifh General Menu xJrS Blank Document udak &G;yg/ Ny;D vQif Ok udk Click vkyfyg/ pmpDpm½dkufvkyfEdkifaom pmrsufESmtoifhay:vmygrnf/ (Short Cut - Ctrl + N)

48

Microsoft Word 2000

yH(k 5)

yH(k 6)

( c)

zdkifwpfcktm;ydwfjcif; (Closing a File) (1) File Menu rS Close udk Click vkyfyg/ Save vkyfNyD;jzpfygu File ydwfoGm;onfudk awGU&rnf/ (2) tu,fí Save rvkyf&rD Close vkyfjcif;jzpfvQif (uu) File Name ray;&ao;ygu Save Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ 4if;wGif File Name ½dkufNyD;ygu Save tm; Click vkyfyg/

49

Microsoft Word 2000

( cc ) File Name ay;NyD;ygu Microsoft Word Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ yH(k 7) Document tm; odr;f vdyk gu Yes ? rodr;f vdk ygu No ? rydwfvdkygu Cancel udka&G;yg/

yH(k 7)

( *)

zdkifodrf;qnf;jcif; (1) Saving a new Document / ½du k x f m;aompmrsm;udk odr;f vdyk gu File Menu rS Save udk Click vkyy f g/ (Short Cut -Ctrl+ S) Save Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ yH(k 8) File Name Text Box wGif zdi k t f rnf½u kd x f nfí h Save udk Click vkyfyg/ (Save in:wGif My Documents ay:aernf/)

yHk (8)

Microsoft Word 2000

50

Document udk trnfajymif;odrf;jcif; (Save As) / tvdk&dSaom File tm; OD;pGm Open vkyfyg/ File Menu rS Save As udk Click vkyfyg/ (Short Cut - Ctrl + S) Save As Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ yHk(8) File Name Text Box wGif File Name topf½dkufxnfhyg/ Save In Text Box wGif odr;f vdak omae&mudk a&G;Ny;D ygu Save udk Click vkyy f g/ zdkifwpfcktm;zGifhjcif;(Opening a File) / File Menu xJrS Open udk Click vkyfygu Open Dialog ay:vmrnf/ (Short Cut-Ctrl + O)/ yHk(9) 4if;rS zGifhvdkaom File udk Click vkyfyg odkYr[kwf File Name Textbox wGif File Name udk ½dkufxnfhyg/ NyD;vQif Open udk Click vkyfygu zGifhvdkonfhzdkif yGifh

(2)

(C)

vmygrnf/

yH(k 9)

( i)

Page Setup / pmwpfapmif pwif½u kd rf nfqykd gu pmtxm;todk (Page Setup) udk a&G;cs,f&ygrnf/ File Menu rS Page Setup udk Click vkyfygu Page Setup Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ yHk(10) 4if;rS atmufygwdkYudk a&G;cs,fyg-

51

Microsoft Word 2000

yH(k 10)

(1)

(2)

Margin / Page Setup Dialog Box xJrS Margin Menu tm; a&G;yg/ Top, Botton, Left, Right, Gutter, Header, Footer wdu Yk kd vdt k yfovdk a&G;cs,fNyD;vQif Ok udk Click vkyfyg/ Paper Size / Page Setup Dialog Box xJrS Paper Size Menu tm; a&G;yg/ Paper Size wGif rdrad &G;cs,v f o kd nhf Size udak &G;yg/ pm&Guu f kd a'gifvu kd f Portrait ? tvsm;vdu k f Landscape wdu Yk kd tvd&k o dS vdk a&G;cs,f owfrSwfNyD;vQif Ok udk Click vkyfyg/ yHk(11)

yH(k 11)

Microsoft Word 2000

( p)

(q)

52

Print Preview / Text rsm;? Table rsm;? Object rsm;? Graphics rsm;udk pm&Guf ay:wGif Print ½dkufrxkwfrD rnfonhftaetxm;&Sdrnfudk Munhfvdkaomtcg toHk;jyKonf/ File Menu &Sd Print Preview tm; Click vkyfvdkufygu

wpfrsufESmvHk; csHKUxm;onfh yHkpHudk awGU&rnf/ Print / Printer jzif½ h u kd x f w k v f akd omtcg File Menu rS Print udk Click vkyyf g/ (Short Cut - Ctrl + P) Print Dialog Box ay:vmygrnf/ yHk(12) 4if;rS atmufygwdkYudk tvdk&dSonfhtwdkif; a&G;cs,fNyD;qHk;ygu Ok Button tm; Click vkyfyg/ Print Dialog Box wGif a&G;cs,frIrsm;NyD;qHk;ygu Ok udk Click vkyfyg-

yH(k 12)

(1) (2)

Printer Name wGif wyfqifxm;aom Printer udka&G;yg/ Page range wGif All (zdi k &f dS pmrsuEf mS tm;vH;k udk xkwEf ikd yf gonf)? Current Page (vuf&Sda&muf&dSaeaom pmrsufESmudkomxkwfEdkifygonf)? Pages

(zdkif&Sd pmrsufESmwpfckcsif; odkYr[kwf rnfhonfhpmrsufESmrS rnfhonhf pmrsufESmtxd[k owfrSwfxkwf,lEdkifygonf/ Oyrm - Pages: 1-4 = pmrsufESm 1 rS 4 txd xkwf,lEdkifygonf/)

53 (3)

( Z)

Microsoft Word 2000

Copies rS Number of copies (xkwf,lvdkonfhta&twGufrsm;)wGif

tvdk&dSonfhta&twGuftm; owfrSwfay;Edkifygonf/ (4) Print rS Down Arrow tm; Click vkyfyg/ 4if;rS(uu) All pages in range - pmrsuEf mS tm;vH;k udk PrintxkwEf ikd yf gonf/ ( cc ) Odd Pages - ]]r}} pmrsufESmrsm;udk Print xkwfEdkifygonf/ ( ** ) Even Pages - ]]pHk}} pmrsufESmrsm;udk Print xkwfEdkifygonf/ Properties / xkwfvdkonhf pm&GuftrsKd;tpm;? pm&Guftaetxm;udk owfrSwf ay;&ef 4if;udk Click vkyfí atmufygtwdkif; owfrSwfEdkifygonf- yHk(13)

yH(k 13)

(1) (2)

( Z)

Paper Tab &Sd Paper Size wGif tvdk&dSonfhpm&GuftrsdK;tpm;udka&G;yg/ Orientation wGif pm&Guftaetxm; a'gifvdkufxkwfvdkvQif Portrait? tvsm; vdkufxkwfvdkvQif Landscape udk a&G;yg/ (3) Graphics Tab udk Click vkyfí Resolution &Sd Down Arrow udk Click vkyfNyD; a&G;cs,fyg/ Intensity wGif rifa&mifxlxl xkwfvdkvQif Darkest? rifa&mif yg;yg; xkwfvdkvQif Lightest udka&G;yg/ Exit / Microsoft Word udk toHk;jyKjcif;rS xGufvdkaomtcg toHk;jyKygonf/ File Menu rS Exit tm; Click vkyfyg/ odkYr[kwf Microsoft Word 2000 Windows \ Title Bar nmbufxdyfaxmifh&dS Close Button udk Click

Microsoft Word 2000

54

vkyfyg/ zdkifodrf;jcif;rjy&ao;ygu Dialog Box wpfckay:vmrnf/ yHk(14) zdkifudk odrf;vdkvQif Yes ? zdkifudk rodrf;vdku No tm; a&G;yg/ Microsoft Word rS rxGufvdkvQif Cancel tm; a&G;yg/

yH(k 14) Edit Menu 4/ Edit Menu wGifatmufygtwdkif;yg0ifygonf(u) Undo / jyKvkyfrIwpfckckudk y,fzsufvdkyguoHk;onf/ Edit Menu rS Undo tm; Click vkyfyguaemufqHk;jyKvkyfrIudky,fzsufapygonf/ (Short Cut - Ctrl + Z) ( c) Repeat / jyKvkyfrIwpfckckudk xyfrHtoHk;jyKvdkygu oHk;onf/ Edit Menu rS Repeat tm; Click vkyfyguxdkjyKvkyfrIudkxyfrHjyKvkyfEdkifygonf/ (Shout Cut Ctrl + Y) ( *) Cut / jyKvyk x f m;aom Document rS toH;k rjyKvakd omtydik ;f udk z,fxw k v f v kd Qif oHk;onf/ Cut vkyfrnfhtydkif;tm; Select vkyfí Edit Menu rS Cut tm; Click vkyfyg/ (Short Cut - Ctrl+ X) Select vkyfxm;onfhae&mwGif aysmuf

oGm;onfudk awGY&ayrnf/ ( C) Copy / jyKvkyfxm;aom Document rS tvdk&dSonfhtydkif;tm; ul;,lvdkygu oHk;onf/ Copy vkyfrnfhtydkif;tm; Select vkyfí Edit Menu rS Copy tm; Click vkyfyg/ (Short Cut - Ctrl +C ) ( i) Paste / Copy (odrYk [kw)f Cut jyKvyk x f m; aomtydik ;f wdu Yk kd tvd&k &Sd m ae&mwGif xnfo h iG ;f xm;&dv S ykd gu ok;H onf/ Copy (odrYk [kw)f Cut vkyx f m;aom tydik ;f wdt Yk m; Edit Menu rS Paste tm; Click vkyfyg/ (Short Cut - Ctrl+ V) Cursor csxm;onfhae&mwGif ,cif Copy (odkY) Cut vkyfxm;onfrsm; ay:vmygrnf/ ( p) Clear / a&G;cs,x f m;aom Text rsm;? Object rsm;? Graphics rsm;udk zsuv f ykd gu oHk; onf/ Text rsm;? Object rsm;? Graphics rsm;udk Select vkyfyg/ Clear udk Click vkyfyg/

55 (q)

Microsoft Word 2000

Select All / ½dkufxm;aom pmtm;vHk;udk a&G;cs,fvdkygu Edit Menu rS Select All tm; Click vkyfyg/ yHk(15) (Short Cut - Ctrl + A) ½dkufxm;aom pmtm;vHk;udk Select vkyfxm;onfudk awGY&rnf/

yH(k 15)

( Z)

yHk (16)

Find / Active Document xJ&dS pmvHk;rsm;udk ½SmazGvdkygu Edit Menu rS Find udk Click vkyfyg/ (Short Cut - Ctrl + F) ay:vmaom Find and Replace Dialog Box yHk(16)\ Find What: text Box wGif &Smvdkaompm ½dkufxnfhNyD;? Find Next udk Click vkyfyg/

Microsoft Word 2000

( ps)

56

Replace / atmufygtwdkif; jyKvkyfEdkifygonf-

(1) (2)

pum;vH;k wpfv;kH ? pum;pkwpfpt k m; jyifqifajymif;vJvykd gu Edit Menu rS Replace udk Click vkyfyg/ (Short Cut - Ctrl + H) Find and Replace Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ yHk(17)

yHk (17)

k x f nhyf g/ rlv&Sad eonfph um;vH;k (od)Yk pum;pktm; Find What: xJwiG f ½du ajymif;vdo k nfph um;vH;k (od)Yk pum;pktm;Replace With:xJwiG f ½du k x f nfyh g/ 4if;pmvH;k udk wpfv;kH Ny;D wpfv;kH ajymif;vJvu kd Replace tm; Click vkyyf g/ tvdt k avsmuftm;vH;k ajymif;vJvu kd Replace All tm; Click vkyyf g/ Go To / atmufygtwdkif; vkyfaqmifEdkifygonf(1) (vuf&SdpmrsufESmrS tjcm;pmrsufESmwpfckckodkYul;vkdygu) Edit Menu rS Go To udk Click vkyfyg/ (Short Cut - Ctrl + G) Go To Dialog Box ay:vmonfudk awGU&rnf/ yHk(18)

(3) (4) (5) (6) (n)

yH(k 18)

57 (2)

Microsoft Word 2000

Go to Dialog Box &dS Go to what: wGif Page tm;a&G;cs,fí oGm;vdk aom pmrsuEf mS eHygwfu½kd u kd x f nhNf y;D Ok udk Click vkyyf g/ 4if;pmrsuEf mS

eHygwfodkY a&mufoGm;rnf/ View Menu 5/ View Menu wGifatmufygtwdkif;yg0ifygonf(u) Normal / rdrjd yKvyk rf nhf Document rsm;tm; Horizontal Ruler udk azmfjyNy;D ? Vertical Ruler ryg&db S J az:jyxm;aom jrifuiG ;f tm; Munhv f akd omtcg oH;k onf/ View menu rS Normal udk Click vkyfyg/ ( c) Print Layout / rdrdjyKvkyfrnhf Document rsm;tm; Horizontal Ruler ESifh Vertical Ruler wdkYudk az:jyxm;aom jrifuGif;tm; MunhfvdkonhftcgoHk;onf/ pm½du k &f mwGif toifah wmfq;kH jrifuiG ;f udak y;ojzifh trsm;qH;k toH;k jyKygonf/ View Menu rS Print Layout udk Click vkyfyg/ ( *) Toolbars / View Menu rS Toolbars udk Point vkyfygu Toolbars Sub Menu ay:vmNy;D tvd& k adS om Toolbar tm; a&G;cs,af y;Edik yf gonf/ tvd&k aSd om Toolbar tm;

(odkYr[kwf)

Click vkyfyg/ raz:jyvdkvQif

vkyfxm;cJhjcif;r&Sdygu

yH(k 19)

jzpfatmif Click vkyfyg/

rlvtwdkif;xm;cJhyg/ yHk(19)

58

Microsoft Word 2000

(C)

( i)

Ruler / Horizonal Ruler ESifh Vertical Ruler rsm;udk ay:apvdkvQif odkYr[kwf aysmufapvdkvQif oHk;onf/ View Menu rS Ruler tm; Click vkyfygu Ruler

rsm; ay:vmrnf/ (odkYr[kwf) View Menu rS Ruler tm; Click vkyfygu Ruler rsm; aysmufoGm;ygonf/ Header and Footer / pmrsuE f mS wdik ;f \xdyyf ikd ;f ESiahf tmufyikd ;f wGif Text rsm;? pmrsuEf mS eHygwfrsm;? aeYp?JG &ufprJG sm; xnfo h iG ;f az:jyvdo k nht f cg toH;k jyKygonf/ View Menu rS Header and Footer udk Click vkyfyg/ Header Text Frame wpfckay:vmygutvdk&dS&mpmrsm;udk ½dkufxnfhí Align Left, Center, Align Right owfrw S af y;Edik yf gonf/ yH(k 20) Header rS Footer odaYk jymif;vdyk gu Header and Footer Toolbar &dS Switch Between Header and Footer udk Click vkyyf g/ (odrYk [kw)f Vertical Scroll Bar (odrYk [kw)f PageDown jyKvyk af pjcif;jzifh Footer udk jrifawGUapEdkifrnf/ yHk(21)

pmrsufESm

&ufpGJ

tcsdef Switch Between Header

yH(k 20)

yHk (21)

59 ( p)

(q)

( Z)

Microsoft Word 2000

Footnotes / Paragraph twGi;f &dS pum;vH;k wpfcc k t k m; t"dygÜ ,f&iS ;f vif;azmfjy vdyk gu Paragraph \atmufyikd ;f wGif atmufajcrSwpf k Footnote jzifh az:jyEdik f ygonf/ View Menu rS Footnotes tm; Click vkyí f xnfo h iG ;f azmfjyxm;aom Footnotes rsm;udk Munfh½IEkdifygonf/ Full Screen / Print Preview wGif Text rsm;? Object rsm;? Graphics rsm; Insert Clip Art yHr k sm;tm; Screen ay:wGif jrifuiG ;f tjynhf Munhv f ykd guoH;k onf/ View Menu rS Full Screen tm; Click vkyfyg/ Zoom / Screen wGif jrifuGif;rsm;tm; tvdk&Sdonhftwdkif; csHKUEdkif? csJUEdkifygonf/ View Menu rS Zoom tm; Click vkyfygu Zoom Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ yHk(22) Zoom to wGif ajymif;vdkaom jrifuGif;tm; Click vkyfí Percent udk a&G;yg/Whole Page onf Screen wpfcv k ;kH jzpfNy;D ? Many Page onf pmrsuEf mS

tm;vHk;udk t&G,ftpm;csHKítpDt&D az:jyEdkifonf/ a&G;cs,frItm;vHk;NyD;qHk;ygu Ok udk Click vkyfyg/

yH(k 22)

Microsoft Word 2000

60

Insert Menu 6/ Insert Menu wGif atmufygwdkY yg0ifygonf(u) Break / a&SUpmrsuEf mS odYk aemufpmrsuEf mS rS pmom;rsm; r0ifa&mufvmapvdv k Qif oHk;onf/ Break jyKvkyfvdkaom Paragraph aemufwGif Cursor csí Insert Menu rS Break udk Click vkyfyg/ ( c) Page Numbers / pmrsuEf mS wdik ;f wGif pmrsuEf mS rsm; owfrw S af y;vdyk gu oH;k onf/ Insert Menu rS Page Numbers udk Click vkyfyg/ Page Numbers Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ yH(k 23) Page Numbers Dialog Box rS Position wGif Down Arrow udk Click vkyfNyD; Botton of page (Footer) odkYr[kwf Top of page

f nf; ESpo f uf&mudk a&G;cs,yf g/ (Header) udk a&G;yg/ Alignment wGiv

Show

number on first page rSm yxrqHk;pmrsufESmwGif Page Number wyfvdkjcif;? rwyfvjkd cif;tm; Click vkyí f a&G;cs,af y;yg/ a&G;cs,rf I rSe^f rrSef tm; Preview wGif jrifawGYEdkifygonf/ a&G;cs,frIrsm;NyD;qHk;ygu Ok Button udk Click vkyfyg/

yH(k 23)

( *)

(C)

Date and Time / Work Area (odkYr[kwf) Header and Footer wGif Date and Time xnho f iG ;f az:jyvdv k Qif oH;k onf/ xnhv f o kd nfah e&mwGif Cursor csyg/ Insert Menu rS Date and Time udk Click vkyfyg/ Date and Time Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ yHk (24) Available formats rS rdrdtvdk&Sdaom Format tm; Click vkyí f a&G;yg/ a&G;cs,rf t I m;vH;k Ny;D qH;k ygu Ok Button tm; Click vkyyf g/ Symbol / Paragraph twGi;f Symbol rsm; xnhv f akd omtcgoH;k onf/ Insert Menu rS Symbol tm; Click vkyfyg/ Symbol Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/

61

Microsoft Word 2000

yHk(25) Symbol Tab udk Click vkyfyg/ Font wGif Down Arrow udk Click vkyNf y;D ? rdrEd pS o f ufaom Sample yHu k kd Click vkyyf g/ a&G;cs,rf NI y;D qH;k ygu Insert udk Click vkyyf g/ Work Area wGif Sample rsm;ay:vmNy;D ? xyfrrH jyKvyk v f ykd gu Close Button tm; Click vkyfyg/

yH(k 24)

yH(k 25)

Microsoft Word 2000

( i)

62

Footnote / Paragraph wGif atmufajcrSwfpk Footnote jzifh &Sif;vdkrnhf pmydk'f (odkYr[kwf) pum;pkae&mwGif Cursor csyg/ Insert Menu rS Footnote tm; Click vkyfyg/ Footnote and Endnote Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ yHk (26) Insert wGif Footnote udak &G;cs,y f gu pmwpfrsuEf mS vH;k \ atmufajcydik ;f Botton of page wGif nTejf yaeNy;D ? Endnote udak &G;cs,y f gu pmrsuEf mS tqH;k \aemufyikd ;f End of document wGif nTefjyaeygrnf/ Numbering wGif tvdktavQmuf xnfhoGif;vdkygu Auto Number udk Click vkyfyg/ Custom Mark udk Click vkyfygu Box xJwGif rdrdESpfoufouJhodkY ½dkufxnhfEdkifygonf/ Symbol Box rS ESpfoufaom Sample udka&G;yg/ Ok udk Click vkyfNyD;ygu? Custom Mark wGif Sample ay:aeayrnf/ a&G;cs,frItm;vHk;NyD;qHk;ygu Ok udk Click vkyfyg/

yH(k 26)

( p)

Picture / Click Art yHr k sm;? Word Art Design rsm;udk toH;k jyK&mwGif oH;k onf/ Insert Menu rS Picture udk Point vkyfyg/ ay:vmaom Sub Menu rS Click Art udk aomfvnf;aumif;? Word Art udkaomfvnf;aumif; a&G;cs,fedkif ygonf/

4if;wdkYrSm(1) Drawings / View Menu rS Tool Bar udk Click vkyfyg/ Pulldown Menu usvm rnf/ Drawing tm; Click vkyfyg/ yHkH(27) Startus Bar ESifh Start Button tMum;ae&mwGif Drawing Setting ay:vmrnf/ yH(k 28)

63

Microsoft Word 2000

yH(k 27)

yH(k 28) (2)

Drawing Tools

(uu) ( cc )

Select Object / Object rsm;tm; a&G;cs,& f efo;kH onf/ Free Rotate / rdrda&G;cs,fxm;aom Graphic, Lines

rsm;tm; Select vkyNf y;D Free Rotate Button tm; Click vkyyf g/ Free Rotate \ Handel ae&mwGif Point axmufí Drag vkyfNyD; rdrdvdkovdk vSnfhEdkifygonf/ ( ** )

Auto Shapes toifhqGJNyD; yHktrsdK;rsdK; / toifh

qGJxm;ojzifh rdrdESpfoufovdk toHk;jyKEdkifonf/ txufyg Auto Shapes tm; Click vkyfygu atmufyg Menu List ay:vm rnf/ yH(k 29)ESiyhf (kH 30-u)rS yH(k 30-p)xd jyxm;ouJo h Ykd a&;qGv J akd om yHt k m; ClickvkyNf y;D Document ay:ü Mouse jzifh Drag vkyí f a&;qGJEdkifonf/

64

Microsoft Word 2000

yH(k 29)

yH(k 30)

yH(k 30-u) vdkif;? rsOf;auG;? rsOf;aumuf? jrm;rsm; a&;qGJ&ef

yH(k 30-*) jrm;yHkpHtrsKd;rsKd; a&;qG&J ef

yH(k 30-c) tajccHyHkoP²mefjzpfonfh pwk&ef;? pwk*H? Bwd*H? yOö*Hrsm; a&;qGJ&ef

yH(k 30-C) y½dk*&rfrsm; twGuf Flow Chart a&;qGJ&ef

65

Microsoft Word 2000

yH(k 30-p)

yH(k 30-i) Mu,fyEkH iS t hf xdr;f trSww f q H yd f trsKd;rsKd;a&;qGJ&ef (CC)

oD;jcm;azmfjyvdkaom pum;pkrsm;twGuf abmifrsm;a&;qGJ&ef Lines rsOf;aMumif;trsdK;rsdK; / rsOf;ajzmifhESifh rsOf;

apmif;rsm;qGJ&mwGif toHk;jyKonf/ ( ii ) Arrow jrm;yHkpHtrsdK;rsdK;/ jrm;yHkpHtrsdK;rsdK;a&;qGJ&mwGif toHk;jyKonf/ ( pp ) Rectangleav;axmihfyHktrsdK;rsdK; / pwk&ef;ESifh pwk*H rsm; a&;qGJ&mwGif toHk;jyKonf/ (qq) Oval puf0dkif;yHkrsm; / puf0dkif;yHkESifhbJOyHkrsm; a&;qGJ &mwGif toHk;jyKonf/ ( ZZ) Text Box pmabmifrsm;/ av;axmifhuGuf pmabmif twGif; pm½kduf&mwGif toHk;jyKonf/ ( psps) Insert Word Art yef;pmvHk;rsm; / yef;pmvHk;rsm; az: jy&mwGif oHk;onf/ Insert Work Art tm; Click vkyfygu atmufyg Setting Dialog Box rsm; usvmayrnf- yHk(31) (11) ESpfouf&m Design Box tm; Select vkyfNyD; Ok udk Click vkyfyg/ Edit WordArt Text Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ yHk(32) xnfhvdkaom pmvHk;rsm;udk ½dkuf xnfyh g/

66

Microsoft Word 2000

(22) (33) (44)

(55)

yH(k 31)

yH(k 32)

Font:Box wGif ESpfoufonfh Font Style tm;a&G;yg/ Size: Box wGif oifhawmfaomt&G,ftpm;udka&G;yg/ txlpmvHk;xifapvdkvQif B tm;a&G;yg/ tapmif;pmvHk; xifapvdkvQif I tm;a&G;yg/ NyD;vQif Ok tm; Click

vkyyf g/ ay:vmaom Word Design tm; csK^H csUJ vdak omf Select vkyfNyD; tem;(4)bufrS csHK^csJU Edkifygonf/

67 (q)

Microsoft Word 2000

Insert Clip Art yHkrsm; tpm;xdk;jcif; (1) Insert Clip Art Menu tm; Click vkyfyg/ Insert Clip Art Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ yHk(33)

yH(k 33)

(2)

ESpfouf&m Grahpic tm; Click vkyfyg/yHk(34)

yH(k 34)

Microsoft Word 2000

(3) (4)

68 a&G;cs,fvdkaomyHktm; Click vkyfyg/ yHk(35) Insert Click udk Click vkyy f gu a&G;cs,x f m;aomyHo k nf pmrsuEf mS wGif ay:vmrnf/

yH(k 35)

Insert Click

( Z)

Fill Color ta&mifrsm; jznhfoGif;jcif; (1) ta&mifcs,fvdkonfh Graphic tm; Select vkyfvdkufyg/

(2) (3) (4) ( ps) (1) (2) (3) (4) (n) (1) (2) (3) (4)

yHkab;&Sd jrm;tm; Click vkyfyg/ Colour Setting Box usvmrnf/ yHk(36) ESpfoufaom ta&miftm; Click vkyfyg/ Line Color tem;owfrsOf;ta&mifrsm; a&G;vdkrnfh vdkif;tm; Select vkyfyg/ Line Color yHkab;&Sd jrm;tm; Click vkyfyg/ Line Color Setting Box usvmrnf/ yHk(37) ESpfoufaom ta&miftm; Click vkyfyg/ Font Color pmvHk;ta&mifrsm; a&G;vdkrnfh pmvHk;tm; Select vkyfyg/ Font Color yHkab;&Sd jrm;tm; Click vkyfyg/ Font Color Setting Box usvmrnf/ yHk(38) ESpfoufaom ta&miftm; Click vkyfyg/

69

yH(k 36) ( #) (1) (2) (3) ( X) (1) (2) (3)

Microsoft Word 2000

yH(k 38) yH(k 37) Line Style rsOf;yHko@eftrsdK;rsdK; a&G;vdkrnfh rsOf;tm; Select vkyfyg/ Line Style tm; Click vkyy f gu Line Style Setting Box usvmrnf/ yH(k 39) ESpfoufaom yHkpHtm; Click vkyfyg/ Dash Style rsOf;jywfyHko@eftrsdK;rsdK; a&G;vdkrnfh rsOf;tm; Select vkyfyg/ Dash Style tm; Click vkyfygu Dash Style Setting Box usvmrnf/ yHk(40) ESpfoufaomyHkpHtm; Click vkyfyg/

yH(k 40) yH(k 39)

Microsoft Word 2000

( !) (1) (2)

( ¡)

(P)

70 Arrow Style jrm;yHko@eftrsdK;rsdK; ESpfoufaom jrm;yHkpHtm; Click vkyfyg/ Arrow Style tm; Click vkyfygu Arrow Style Setting Box

usvmrnf/ yHk(41) (3) ESpfoufaomyHkpHtm; Click vkyfyg/ Shadow t&dyfay:apjcif; (1) Shadow xnfhvdkaomyHktm; Select vkyfyg/ (2) Shadow tm;Click vkyyf gu Shadow Setting Box usvmrnf/yH(k 42) (3) ESpfoufaomyHkpHtm; Click vkyfyg/ 3D oH;k bufjrifyr kH sm;/ av;axmif?h t0dik ;f ESib hf OJ yHrk sm;tm; Select vkyyf g/ yHkab;&Sdjrm;tm;Click vkyfyg/ 3D Box usvmrnf/ yHk(43) ESpfoufaom 3D tm; Click vkyfyg/

yH(k 41)

yH(k 42)

yH(k 43)

71

Microsoft Word 2000

Word Processing (pmpDpm½dkufjcif;) 7/ Word Processing tm; Keyboard udk toHk;jyKí pm½dkufvQif Working Area wGif Insertion Point ay:aeonhfae&mrSpí pm½dkufEdkifygonf/ &dkufvdkonhfpmvHk;\ Font, Size udk

a&G;í atmufygtwdkif; pwif½dkufEdkifygonf(u) Cursor &Sdonhfae&mwGif Keyboard rS ½dkufonhf Text pmom;ay:aernf/ ( c) pm½dkufpOf atmufwpfaMumif;odkY qif;vdkygu Enter Key udk ½dkufyg/ k Qif Space Bar udk ESyd í f vdo k vdk ( *) Cursor udk nmbufoYdk pmvH;k rsm;udk wGe;f oGm;vdv xm;Edik o f nf/ (C) Up Arrow Key onf Cursor udk tay:odkY a&TUvdkonhftcg oHk;onf/ ( i) Down Arrow Key onf Cursor udk atmufodkU a&TUvdkonfhtcg oHk;onf/ ( p) Left Arrow Key onf Cursor udk 0JbufodkU a&TUvdkonfhtcg oHk;onf/ (q) Right Arrow Key onfCursor udk ,mbufodkU a&TUvdkonfhtcg oHk;onf/ ( Z) Home Key tm; ESyd yf gu Cursor onf pmaMumif;\ a&SUqH;k odYk a&mufomG ;rnf/ ( ps) End Key tm; ESdyfygu Cursor onf pmaMumif;\aemufq;kH odYk a&mufomG ;rnf/ (n) PageUp Key tm; ESyd yf gu pmrsuEf mS tay:ydik ;f (odrYk [kw)f a&SUpmrsuEf mS rsm;udk jrif&ygrnf/ ( #) Page Down Key tm; ESyd yf gu pmrsuEf mS atmufyikd ;f (odrYk [kw)f aemufpmrsuEf mS rsm;tm; jrif&ygrnf/ ( X) Back Space Key onf zsuv f o kd nhf pmwpfv;kH csi;f (odrYk [kw)f pmwpfpak emufwiG f Cursor xm;yg/ Back Space Key ESdyfygu Cursor a&SUpmvHk;ysufoGm;rnf/ f mG ;ygonf/ pmwpfv;kH wnf; ( !) Delete Key udEk ydS yf gu Cursor aemufpmvH;k udk zsuo rzsufbJ pmpkrsm;udkzsufvdkygu pmvHk;rsm;udk Mouse jzifh Select vkyfNyD; Delete key udkESdyfygu 4if;pmrsm;ysufoGm;ygrnf/ ( ¡) Select / pmvHk;wpfvHk;? pmpkwpfpk? pmydk'fwpfcktm; a&G;cs,fvdkygu tvdk&dS&mudk OD;pGm Select vkyf&ygrnf(1) pmvH;k wpfv;kH a&G;cs,jf cif;/ pmvH;k (Character)wpfv;kH udk a&G;cs,v f v kd Qif 4if;pmvH;k \a&SU(odrYk [kw)f aemufbufwiG f Cursor cs xm;Ny;D Drag vkyyf g/ (2) pum;pkwpfpka&G;cs,fjcif; / pum;pk(Word)wpfckudk a&G;cs,fvdkvQif 4if;pum;pk\a&SU(odkYr[kwf)aemufbufwGif Cursor csxm;NyD; Drag vkyfyg/ (odkYr[kwf) 4if;pum;pkay:wGif Pointer xm;NyD; Double Click vkyyf g/

72

Microsoft Word 2000

(3)

(4)

pmydk'fwpfydk'fa&G;cs,fjcif; / pmydk'f(Paragraph)wpfckudk a&G;cs,fvdk vQif 4if;pmydk'f\a&SU(odkYr[kwf)aemufbufwGif Cursor csxm;NyD; Drag vkyfyg/ (odkYr[kwf) 4if;pmydk'fay:wGif Cursor csNyD; Tripple Click vkyí f a&G;cs,Ef ikd yf gonf/ vdktyfovdka&G;cs,fjcif; / pmvHk;wpfvHk;? pmpkwpfpk? pmydk'fwpfcktm; a&G ; cs,f v d k o nf h a e&mrS p í Cursor csxm;NyD ; Mouse ud k z d q G J y g/ a&G;cs,fvdkonhfae&mqHk;vQif Mouse udk vTwfvdkufyg/

Text Box

8/ av;axmifhuGufpmabmiftwGif; pm½dkuf&mwGifoHk;onf/ Insert Menu rS Text Box tm; Click vkyfNyD; Word Area twGif; Mouse jzifh Drag vkyfygu Text Box ay:vmNyD;? Text Box twGif; ay:aeaom Cursor rS pwifí pm½dkufEdkifygonf/ Chart

9/ Z,m;wGif xnho f iG ;f xm;aom wefb;kd rsm;twdik ;f *&yfypkH rH sm;jzifh Munhv f o kd nht f cg Chart udk toHk;jyKonf/ Insert Menu rS Picture udk Point vkyfyg/ 4if;rS Sub Menu &dS Chart udk Click vkyfyg/ xdktcg Chart ESifh Table Setting ay:vmrnf/ (yHk-44) Datasheet wGif vdck siaf omwefb;kd rsm;udk ½du k x f nhyf g/ (yH-k 45) Chart wGif wefb;kd tvdu k f ajymif;vJomG ;rnf/ Chart Menu rS Chart Type udk Click vkyfyg/ Chart Type Dialog Box ay:vmygrnf/ (yHk-46) Standard Types Tab rS Chart Type wGif BudKufESpfoufaom Chart tm; a&G;yg/ 4if;\ Chart Type tm; Click vkyfyg/ Press and Hold to view sample tm; Left click ESdyfygu a&G;xm;aom Sample tm; awGYEdkifygonf/ Custom Types Tab udka&G;NyD; Chart Type tm; Click vkyNf y;D Sample rsm;udk a&G;Edi k yf gonf/a&G;cs,rf NI y;D qH;k ygu Ok Button tm; Click vkyyf g/

yH(k 44)

73

Microsoft Word 2000

yH(k 45)

yH(k 46)

Microsoft Word 2000

74

Insert Object 10/ Insert Menu rS xnfhoGif;vdkaom Object tm; Click vkyfyg/ Object Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ ESpo f uf&mObject udak &G;cs,í f tvd&k aSd om Document xJoYkd xnfo h iG ;f Edik yf gonf(u) Microsoft Equation 3.0 / ocsmq F ikd &f moauFwrsm; jyKvyk &f mwGif oH;k onf/ Object Dialog Box rS Create New Equation 3.0 tm; Click vkyy f g/ yH(k 47) a&G;cs,frINyD;qHk;ygu Ok udk Click vkyfyg/ Equation Box ay:vmrnf/ yHk(48) Text twGi;f ½du k v f akd om ude;f *Pef;ESio fh auFwrsm;udk ½du k yf g/ 4if;wdu Yk kd Select vkyfNyD; ay:vmaom Sub Equation rsm;rS a&G;cs,ftoHk;jyKEdkifygonf/

yH(k 47)

yH(k 48)

75 ( c)

Microsoft Word 2000

Microsoft Clip Gallery / toifhjyKvkyfxm;aomyHkrsm;udk,lí oHk;pGJvdkvQif oHk;onf/ Object Dialog Box rS Create New tm; Click vkyfyg/ Object Type rS Microsoft Clip Gallery tm; Click vkyfyg/ a&G;cs,frINyD;qHk;ygu Ok Button udk Click vkyy f g/ Microsoft Clip Gallery Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ yH(k 49) Pictures Tab udk Click vkyyf g/ Categories rS rdrt d vd&k adS om Categories tm; Click vkyfyg/ 4if;rSay:vmaomyHktm; SelectvkyfNyD;? Insert Click

jyKvkyfum tvdk&SdaomyHktm; a&G;cs,fEdkifygonf/

yH(k 49)

Format Menu 11/ Format Menu wGif atmufygtwdkif;yg0ifygonf(u) Selecting Font,Size and Font Color / Format Menu rS Font udk Click vkyfygu Font Dialog Box ay:vmrnf(1) Font Dialog Box xJwGif Font, Character Spacing,Text Effects [lí Menu (3)ckyg&Sdonf/ (2) Font, Font Size, Font Color wdkYudk ajymif;vJvdkvQif Menu &Sd Font udk Click vkyfyg/ yHk(50) rdrdajymif;vdkonfh Font, Font Style, Font Size,Font Color wdkYudk a&G;cs,fNyD;ygu Ok udk Click vkyfyg/

Microsoft Word 2000

76

yH(k 50)

( c)

Paragraph / pmaMumif;rsm; tuGmta0;(tpdyf? tusJ)udk wdk;^avQmh vdkygu

atmufygtwkdif; vkyfaqmifEdkifygonf-(1) wd;k avQmv h akd om pmaMumif;tm; Select vkyyf g/ Format Menu &Sd Paragraph Dialog Box ay:vmygrnf/ yHk(51) (2) Paragraph Dialog Box xJwGif Indent and Spacing ESifh Line and Page Brake Tab (2)ckyg&SNd y;D ? Indent and Spacing Menu xJwi G &f o dS nfh Indent xJrS b,f^nm? Left/ Right Spacing xJrS After, Before wdkYudka&G;yg/ (3) Ok Button udk Click vkyfyg/ (4) Select vkyx f m;aompmaMumif;tuGmta0;rsm; wd;k ^avQmjh zpfvmygrnf/

77

Microsoft Word 2000

yH(k 51)

( *)

Bullet and Number / Bullet (odkYr[kwf) Number wyfvdkygu atmufyg

twkdif; vkyfaqmifEdkifygonf(1) Number (odkYr[kwf) Bullet wyfvdkaom pmydk'frsm;tm; Select vkyfyg/ (2) Format Menu &Sd Bullet and Numbering udk Click vkyfyg/ Bullet and Numbering Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ yHk(52) (3) 4if; Dialog Box wGif Bullet, Numbered, Out Line Numbered ponhf Menu (3)ck&Sdygonf/ (4) Bulleted Tab udkEdSyfNyD;? rdrdESpfoufonfh Bullet Style udk a&G;cs,fNyD;? Ok Button udk Click vkyfyg/ (5) pmaMumif;rsm;a&SUwGif Bullet yHkpHrsm;ay:vmonfudk awGY&rnf/ (6) tvm;wleyH gwfwyfvykd gu Numbered Button udEk ydS Nf y;D wyfEikd yf gonf/

Microsoft Word 2000

78

yH(k 52)

(C)

Border and Shading / atmufygtwdkif; aqmif&GufEdkifygonf(1) Border and Shading xnfhoGif;vdkonfh Cell rsm;udk Select vkyfyg/ (2) Format Menu rS Border And Shading Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ yHk(53) 4if;xJwGif Border, Page Border, and Shading Tab (3)ck

(3) (4)

yg&So d nf/ Border udk Click vkyfyg/ Setting, Style rsm;udk a&G;vQif Previous Box xJwGif ay:aeonfudk awGY&rnf/ a&G;NyD;ygu Ok udk Click vkyfyg/

79

Microsoft Word 2000

yH(k 53) ( i)

Columns / Paragraph tm; Column wpfckxufydkí cGJ½dkufvdkvQif oHk;onf/ (odkYr[kwf) zefwD;jyKvkyfxm;aom Paragraph tm; Select vkyfNyD; Column rsm; cGJxkwfEdkifygonf/ Format Menu rS Column udk Click vkyfyg/ Column Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ yHk(54) 4if;Column Dialog Box &dS Presets rS tvdk&dSaom Setting tm; Click vkyfyg/ az:jyxm;aom Setting udk rESpfouf ygu Number of Columns wGif ESpfoufaom Columns tm; a&G;Edkifygonf/ Line Between wGifvnf; Paragraph tMum; vdkif;xnfhvdk? rxnhfvdk tvdk&Sd ouJhodkY a&G;cs,fEdkifygonf/ a&G;cs,frINyD;qHk;ygu Ok Button tm; Click

vkyfNyD;a&G;cs,fEdkifygonf/

Microsoft Word 2000

80

yH(k 54)

( p)

Indent and Tab / nDnmjcif;r&Sdaom pmydk'frsm;? Z,m;rsm;twGif;&dS pmrsm;? *Pef;rsm;udk Z,m;yHkpHusus? nDnmap&ef Indent toHk;jyKNyD; jyKjyifEdkifygonf (1) Word 2000 wGif Ruler ray:ao;ygu Menu &Sd View udC k lick vkyNf y;D aemuf Ruler udk Click vkyfygu Ruler ay:vmrnf/ yHk(55)

First Line Indent

Left Indent

yH(k 55)

81

Microsoft Word 2000

(2)

(q)

Word2000 wGif Left Aligned Tab Stop, Center tab Stop, Right Aligned Tab, Decimal Tab Stop [lí(4)rsKd;&dSygonf/ (3) pmydk'frsm;\ Indent udkjyif&eftwGuf Text rsm;udk Select vkyfyg/ (4) pmydk'f\ yxrpmaMumif;\ Indent udkajymif;&ef? First Line Indent Marker udk vdkcsifonfhae&mudk a&GUyg/ (5) pmyd'k \ f yxrqH;k pmaMumif;rSty usepf maMumif;rsm;\ Indent udk jyifvkd vQif Hanging Indent Marker udk tvdk&dSonfhae&modkYa&TUyg/ (6) pmaMumif;\b,fbuf Indent jyifvv kd QiL f eft Indent Marker udak &TUyg/ (7) pmaMumif;\nmbuf Indentjyifvv kd QiR f ight Indent Marker udak &TUyg/ (8) 'ór*Pef;udkjyifvdkvQif Decimal Tab udka&TUyg/ Drop Cap / Paragraph wpfck\xdyfqHk;pmvHk;tm; pmvHk;t&G,ftpm; BuD;ap vdkaomtcg oHk;onf/ Drop Cap jyKvkyfrnfh Paragraph a&SUqHk;pmvHk;\ ta&SU (odkYr[kwf) yxrqHk;pmvHk;\aemufwGif Cursor udkcsyg/ NyD;vQif Format Menu rS Drop Cap tm; Click vkyfyg/ Drop Cap Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ yH(k 56)ay:vm aom Drop Cap Dialog Box rS Position rSEpS o f ufaom Setting tm;a&G;yg/ Font wGifvnf; Down Arrow jzifha&G;cs,fyg/ a&G;cs,fNyD;ygu Ok Button tm; Click vkyfyg/ rSwfcsuf/ Drop Cap udkjrefrmpmwGif vkyfaqmifítqifrajyyg/

yH(k 56)

Microsoft Word 2000

( Z)

82

Text Direction / Text Box rsm;tm;yHkpHtrsdK;rsdK; ajymif;vdkaomtcg oHk;onf/ ajymif;vdkonfh Text Box tm; Click vkyfyg/ Format Menu rS Text Direction tm; Click vkyy f g/ Text Direction Box ay:vmrnf/ yH(k 57) ay:vmaom Text Direction rS Orientation wGif ESpo f uf&mudk a&G;yg/ a&G;cs,rf I Ny;D qH;k ygu Close Button tm; Click vkyfyg/

yH(k 57)

(ps)

Change Case / ½dkufxm;aompmrsm;tm; pdwfBudKufpmvHk;taetxm;odkY ajymif;vdkonhftcg oHk;onf/ ajymif;vdkaom pmrsm;tm; Select vkyfyg/ NyD;vQif Format Menu rS Change Case tm; Click vkyfyg/ Change Case Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ yHk(58)Change Case Dialog Box rS Change Case wGif ESpfoufaom Case udka&G;cs,fEdkifygonf/

School bus school bus SCHOOL BUS School Bus sCHOOL bUS

yH(k 58)

83

Microsoft Word 2000

Tools Menu 12/ Tools Menu wGif atmufygwdkY yg0ifygonf(u) Spelling and Grammer / Document wpfct k m; Spelling And Grammer

ppfaq;vdkygu atmufygtwdkif;vkyfaqmifEdkifygonf(1) Document \ yxrpmydk'f tpae&mwGif Cursor csyg/ (odkUr[kwf) pmydk'f rsm;udk Select vkyfyg/ (2) Tools Menu rS Spelling and Grammer udk Click vkyfyg/yHk(59)

yH(k 59)

(3)

yH(k 60)

Spelling and Grammer Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ yHk(60)

84

Microsoft Word 2000

(4)

Spelling and Grammer Dialog box xJ&Sd Not in Dictionary: Box

wGif yxrqHk; trSm;pmvHk;udk teDa&mifjzifhawGY&rnf/ 4if;pmvHk;udk rjyifvdku Ignore Button tm; Click vkyfyg/ (5) jyifvykd gu Suggestion: Box wGif az:jyxm;aom pmvH;k rsm;rS rSeaf om pmvHk;udk Click vkyfyg (odkYr[kwf) trSefpmvHk;udk ½dkufxnhfyg/ NyD;vQif Change Button udk Click vkyfyg/ (6) aemufxyfaz:jyaom trSm;pmvHk;rsm;udkvnf; txufygenf;twdkif; qufvuf jyifqifoGm; &efjzpfygonf/ (7) Paragraph wpfcv k ;kH tm; Spelling and Grammer ppfaq;Ny;D aomtcg NyD;pD; aMumif;atmufyg Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ yHk(61) (8) OK tm; Click vkyfyg/ rSwfcsuf/ Check Spelling and Grammer onf jref r mpmwG i f vkyfaqmifí r&ao;yg/

yH(k 61)

(c)

Language / Tools Menu rS Language udk Point vkyfyg/ ay:vmaom Sub Menu rS tvdk&Sdaom Command tm;a&G;cs,fí atmufygtwdkif; toHk;jyK

Edkifygonf- yHk(62)

yH(k 62)

85 (1) (2)

Microsoft Word 2000

Set Language / toH;k jyKvo kd nfh tbd"meftrsK;d tpm;ESihf xkwaf 0onfh

EdkifiHwdkYudk a&G;cs,fowfrSwfvdkygu toHk;jyKygonf/ Thesaurus / Paragraph twGif;&Sd Word rsm;\ t"dyÜg,fqifwlrsm; udk odvdkygu oHk;onf/ odvdkaom Word tm; Select vkyfyg/ Tools Menu rS Thesaurus tm; Click vk y f y g/ Thesaurus Dialog Boxay:vmrnf/ yH(k 63) (Short cut - Shift + F7) ay:vmaom Dialog Box rS Not Found wGif Word wpfvHk;csif;ay:vmNyD;? Meanings wGif 4if; Word ESifh Meaning wlnDaom Word rsm; ay:vm rnf/ 4if; Meanings xJ&Sdtvdk&dSonfh Word tm; Click vkyfyg/ Replace with Synonym \ Box wGif trsKd ;rsKd ;ay:vmayrnf/ Look Up jzifh t"dygÜ ,f trsdK;rsdK; &SmazGEdkifNyD;? teD;pyfqHk; pum;vHk;rsm;udk Replace tm; Click vkyfí vJvS,fEdkifygonf/

yH(k 63)

(3)

Hyphenation / t*Fvy d pf mjzifh ½du k x f m;aom pmrsm;? pmaMumif; Ny;D qH;k cgeD;txd qefYEdkifoavmufae&m,lNyD;? usefpmvHk;rsm;udk Hyphen cHí aemufwpfaMumif; qif;vdak omtcg oH;k onf/ Tools rS Language tm; Point vkyfyg/ Sub Menu rS Hyphenation tm; Click vkyfyg/

86

Microsoft Word 2000

Hyphenation Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ yH(k 64) Hyphenation Dialog Box wGif

Automatically Hyphenate Document tm; Click

vkyfjcif;jzifh (-)Hyphen cHí pmrsm;udk qefYEdkifoavmufae&m,lí ½du k Ef ikd yf gonf/

yH(k 64)

( *)

Word Count / Word Count jyKvkyfvdkygu atmufygtwdkif; aqmif&GufEdkif

ygonf(1) Tool Menu rS Word Count udk Click vkyyf gu Word Count Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ 4if;wGif ½dkufNyD;aom pmrsm;\ pmrsufESm? pum;vHk;? pmyd'k ?f vdik ;f ta&twGuf ponfwYkd rnfrQyg&So d nfukd az:jyygonf/ yH(k 65) (2) Word Count udk Munhf½INyD;ygu Close Button udk Click vkyfyg/ rSwfcsuf/ Word Count onf jrefrmpmwGif vkyfaqmifír&ao;yg/

yH(k 65)

87

Microsoft Word 2000

Table Menu 13/ Table Menu wGifatmufygtwdkif;yg0ifygonf(u) Draw Table / rdrq d v JG akd omyHpk u H kd tvG,w f ulqEJG ikd &f ef toH;k jyKygonf/ Table Menu rS Draw Table tm; Click vkyfyg/Table and Borders Dialog Box

ay:vmrnf/ yHk(66) 4if;wGif atmufygwdkY yg0ifygonf-

yH(k 66) Draw Table / Table qGJ&mwGifoHk;onf/ Eraser / Table \vdi k ;f rsm;ESihf Table wpfcv k ;kH tm; zsu&f mwGio f ;kH onf/ Line Style / vkdif;trsdK;rsdK;tm; a&G;cs,fEdkif&efoHk;onf/ Line Weight / vdkif;txl? tyg;a&G;cs,fEdkif&efoHk;onf/ Border Color / vdkif;ta&mifa&G;cs,f&mwGifoHk;onf/ Out side border / Table \tem;owfvi kd ;f rsm; xnf&h mwGio f ;kH onf/ Shading Color / t&dyfvdkif;rsm; ta&mifcs,f&mwGifoHk;onf/ Merge Cells / Table twGif;&Sd Z,m;tuGufrsm;udk wpfuGufwnf;

aygif;&efoHk;onf/ Split Cells / Table wGif;&Sd Z,m;tuGufrsm; cGJxkwf&mwGif oHk;onf/ Align Top (left/center/right) / Table wGi;f &Sd pmom;rsm; xdyy f ikd ;f wGif

xm;apvdkvQifoHk;onf/ Align Center(left/center/right) / Table twGif;&Sd pmom;rsm;

tv,fydkif;wGif xm;apvdkvQifoHk;onf/ Align Botton (left/center/right) / Table twG i f ; &S d pmom;rsm;

atmufydkif; wGif xm;apvdkvQifoHk;onf/ Table Auto Format / toifhjyKvkyfxm;NyD;aom Table Sample rsm; a&G;cs,fEdkifygonf/ Change Text Direction / Text rsm;tm; a'gifvdkufyHkpHtrsdK;rsdK; ajymif;vJoHk;vdkvQif a&G;cs,f&ygrnf/

88

Microsoft Word 2000

Sort Ascending / i,fpOfBuD;vdkuf Cells rsm;udk pD&mwGifoHk;onf/ Sort Descending / BuD;pOf? i,fvdkuf Cells rsm;udkpD&mwGifoHk;onf/ Auto Sum / Table wGif;&Sd Cells rsm;udk tvdktavQmuf aygif;vkdvQif

oHk;onf/ ( c)

Create a Table / Word Document xJwi G f Table Z,m;uGuyf pkH u H kd atmufyg

twdkif; a&;qGJEdkifygonf(1) Table a&;qGJvdkonfhae&mwGif Cursor csNyD;? Table Menu rS Insert Table udk Click vkyy f g/ Insert Table Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ yH(k 67)

yH(k 67)

(2)

( *)

Insert Table Dialog Box rS Number of Column, Number of Rows wdu Yk kd vdt k yfovdjk znfo h iG ;f Ny;D Ok udC k lick yg/ rdro d wfrw S f ay;xm;

onhftwdkif; Z,m;ay:vmrnf/ Insert Cells, Row and Column / Table twGif; Cells ? Row ? Column rsm;udk atmufygtwdkif; xnfhoGif;Edkifygonf(1) Insert Cells / Cell wpfcu k kd xyfrw H ;kd csUJ vdv k Qif Table Menu rS Insert Cell udk Click vkyfyg/ Insert Cell Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ yHk(68) a&G;vdo k nfukd Click vkyNf y;D vdt k yf&ma&G;Ny;D Ok udk Click vkyEf ikd yf gonf/

89

Microsoft Word 2000

yH(k 68)

(1)

(2)

Insert Row / Row udkxyfrHwdk;csJUvdkvQif Insert vkyfvdkonfh ae&m\ tay: odkYr[kwf atmuf&Sd Row wGif Cursor csyg/ Table Menu rS Insert udk Point vkyfyg/ Insert Menu ay:vmrnf/ yHk(69) 4if;rS Row Above (odkY) Row Below udka&G;yg/ Insert Column / Column udw k pfcw k ;kd vdv k Qif Insert vkyv f o kd nfh Column \ b,f odkYr[kwf nm&Sd Column udk Click vkyfyg/ Table Menu &Sd Insert tm; Point vkyfyg/ Insert Sub Menu ay:vmrnf/ yHk (69) 4if;rS Column to the Left odkYr[kwf Column to the Right

tm; a&G;yg/

yH(k 69)

Microsoft Word 2000

( *)

90

Delete

(1)

Delete Cells / jzKwfvdkaom Cell tm; Select vkyfí Table Menu atmuf&Sd Delete udk Point vkyfyg/ Delete Sub Menu ay:vmrnf/ yHk(70) Cell udk Click vkyfyg/ Cell aysmufoGm;rnf/

yH(k 70) (2)

Delete Rows and Columns / y,fzsufvdkaom Rows odkYr[kwf Columns udk Select vkyy f g/ Table Menu atmuf&dS Delete udk Point vkyfyg/ Delete Sub Menu ay:vmrnf/ yHk(70) 4if;rS Columns odkYr[kwf Rows tm;a&G;yg/ yHk(71)

yH(k 71) (C)

Merge Cells / Table twGif;&Sd Z,m;uGufrsm;tm; aygif;pkay;&mwGifoHk;onf/ aygif;pkay;vdkaom Cell tm; Select vkyfyg/ Table Menu rS Merge Cells tm; Click vkyfygu Cells rsm;aygif;oGm;ayrnf/ yHk(72)

91

Microsoft Word 2000

yH(k 72)

( i)

Split Cells / Table twGif;&Sd Z,m;uGufrsm; xyfrHwdk;csJUvdkygu oHk;onf/ wdk;csJUvdkaom Cell tm; Select vkyfyg/ Table Menu rS Split Cells tm; Click vkyfyg/ Split Cells Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ yHk(73) Number of columns wGif tvdk&Sdaomta&twGufudk a&G;cs,fyg/ Number of rows wGifvnf; tvdk&Sdaomta&twGufudk a&G;cs,fyg/ a&G;cs,frIrsm;NyD;qHk;ygu Ok tm; Click vkyfNyD; Z,m;uGufrsm;tm; xyfrHwdk;csJUEdkifygonf/

yHk (73)

( p)

Table Auto Format / toifjh yKvy k Nf y;D aom Table Sample rsm;tm; a&G;cs,f oH;k Edik yf gonf/ Table Menu rS Table Auto Format tm; Click vkyyf g/ Table Auto Format Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ yHk (74) Formats rS ESpfouf aom Setting rsm;udk a&G;cs,frItm; Preview wGif MunfhEdkifyg onf/ a&G;cs,frI tm;vHk;NyD;qHk;ygu Ok tm; Click vkyfyg/

92

Microsoft Word 2000

yHk (74)

(q)

Formula / Table wGif;&Sd Cells rsm;tm; Formula toHk;jyKí aygif;? Ekwf? ajrmuf? pm; jyKvkyfEdkifygonf/ Table Menu rS Formula tm; Click vkyfyg/ Formula Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ yHk(75) Formula wGif toHk;jyKrnfh yHak oenf;udk ½du k x f nhyf g/ Number format rS tvd&k adS om Format tm; a&G;cs,f yg/ Paste function wG i f v nf ; toH k ; jyKrnf h Function tm; a&G ; cs,f toHk;jyKEdkifygonf/ a&G;cs,frItm;vHk;NyD;qHk;ygu Ok Button tm; Click vkyfyg/

yH(k 75)

93

Microsoft Word 2000

Window Menu 14/ Window Menu wGif atmufygtwdkif;yg0ifygonf(u) New Windows / Window topfwpfczk iG v hf v kd Qif Windows Menu &Sd New Windows udk Click vkyfyg/ aemufxyf Windows topfay:vmygrnf/ ( c) Arrange All / Document wpfckxufydkNyD; zGifhxm;ygcJhygu? 4if; Document rsm;tm; Screen wGif;tm;vHk;ay:apvdkvQifoHk;onf/ Windows Menu rS Arrange All tm; Click vkyfí a&G;cs,fEdkifygonf/ ( *) Split / pmrsufESmrsm;udk tay:^atmuf cGJjcm;vdkygu Windows Menu rS Split udk Click vkyy f g/ pmrsuEf mS (2)ydik ;f uGo J mG ;onfukd awG&Y ygrnf/ cGx J m;onfh pmrsufESmudk jyefaygif;vdkvQif Windows Menu &Sd Remove Split udk Click

vkyfyg/ rl&if;pmrsufESmtwdkif; jyefjzpfoGm;onfudk awGU&ygrnf/ yHk(76)

Yangon City, Myanmar

yH(k 76)

94

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

tcef; ( 3 ) Microsoft PowerPoint 2000 Microsoft PowerPoint 2000 tm; toHk;jyKjcif; 1/ Microsoft PowerPoint 2000 okdY pwif0ifa&muf&ef(u) Start button ukd Click vkyfyg/ Start Menu ay:vmrnf/ ( c) Start Menu rS Program ukd Point vkyfyg/ ( *) ay:vmaom Submenu rS Microsoft PowerPoint ukd Click vkyfyg/ ykH(1) (C) PowerPoint Screen ESihftwl PowerPoint dialog box ay:vmrnf/ ykH(2)

yk(H 1) yk(H 2) PowerPoint dialog box 2/ PowerPoint Dialog box rS AutoContent Wizard a½G;ygu wpfqifhNyD;wpfqifh ay:vmaom AutoContent Wizard box rsm;rS rdrdvkdtyfovkda½G;cs,fNyD; Next ukd Click vkyf oGm;yg/ Ny;D vQif Finish ukd Click vkyyf gu tvkt d avsmuf toifzh efw;D xm;aom Presentation file wpfck jzpfvmrnf/

95

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

3/

Design Template ukd a½G;ygu New Presentation Dialog box ay:vmrnf/ ¤if; Dialog Box rS Design Templates ukda½G;yg/ NyD;vQif ESpfoufaom Background Design ukd a½G;yg/ OK button ukd Click vkyfyg/

4/

Blank Presentation ukd a½G;ygu ay:vmaom New slide Dialog box rS ESpfouf&m Autolayout wpfckukd a½G;cs,fNyD; OK button ukd Click vkyfygu Blank Presentation file

topfwpfck jzpfvmrnf/ 5/ txufygtwkid ;f ra½G;cs,v f ydk gu Cancel ukd a½G;yg/ (okrYd [kw)f PowerPoint okYd pwif 0ifa&mufpOf ,if; PowerPoint dialog box atmufajc&Sd Don't show the dialog box again pmwef;ab;&Sd Check box tm; Click vkyfNyD; OK button ukd Click vkyfyg/ PowerPoint \azmfjyrItoGiftjyif 6/ PowerPoint \azmfjyrItoGiftjyiftm; yHkjzifh&Sif;vif;xm;ygonf/ ykH(3) Title bar

Menu bar

Standard Toolbar

Formatting Toolbar

Minimize Miximize Close

My Child yk(H 3) Scroll bar

Drawing Toolbar

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

96

Wizard udktoHk;jyKí zdkiftopfwpfckwnfaqmufjcif; 7/ AutoContent Wizard ukdtokH;jyKNyD; New File wpfck zGihfvkdygu(u) File Menu rS New ukd Click vkyfyg/ ykH(4)

yk(H 4) ( c)

New Presentation Dialog box ay:vmrnf/ ykH(5)

yk(H 5) ( *)

ay:vmaom box rS General Tab wGif AutoContent Wizard ukd Double Click vkyfyg/

97

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

(C)

AutoContent Wizard Dialog box ay:vmrnf/ ykH(6)

( i)

Next buttonukdClickvkyy f g/ 'kw, d tqifh Dialog boxwpfck xyfay:vmrnf/

yk(H 6)

yk(H 7)

yk(H 7)

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

( p)

(q) ( Z)

98

Oyrm- Business Plan ESiyhf wfoufí Presentation file wpfcjk yKvyk &f ef "All" button ukd Click vkyfNyD; nmbuf&Sd Type of Presentation rsm;teufrS Business Plan ukd a½G;yg/ Next button ukd Click vkyfyg/ wwd,tqifh Dialog box wpfckxyfay:vmrnf/ykH(8)

yk(H 8)

( ps)

yk(H 9)

¤if;wGif Output Type ukd on-screen presentation ukad ½G;cs,Nf y;D Next button ukd Click vkyfyg/ pwkw¬tqifh Dialog box xyfay:vmrnf/ ykH(9)

99 (n) ( #)

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

¤if;rS Presentation Title Box wGif Title Name wpfckck (Oyrm-Business Plan) ukd ½kdufxnfhNyD; Next button ukd Click vkyfyg/ xyfay:vmaom Dialog box ykH(10)wGif Finish button ukd Click vkyfygu toifhzefwD;xm;aom Business Plan Presentation file ukd &&Sdrnf/

yk(H 10)

Presentation tvGwfwpfckwnfaqmufjcif; 8/ Blank Presentation File topfwpfck wnfaqmuffvkdygu(u) File Menu rS New ukd Click vkyfyg/ ykH(4) ( c) New Presentation Dialog box ay:vmrnf/ykH(11)

yk(H 11)

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

(*)

100

,if;rS General Tab wGif Blank Presentation ukad ½G;í OK button ukd Click vkyfyg/ New Slide Dialog box ay:vmrnf/ ykH(12)

yk(H 12)

(C ) ( i)

Choose an AutoLayout wGif ESpfouf&m Slide Page ukd a½G;í OK button ukd Click vkyfyg/ toif½h u dk o f iG ;f &ef Slide wpfcak y:vmNy;D rdrv d t dk yfonfrsm; ½ku d o f iG ;f Ekid yf gonf/

Page Setup jyKvkyfjcif; 9/ Slide page ukd Setting jyKvkyf&ef(u) File menu rS Page Setup ukd Click vkyfyg/ ykH(13) ( c) Page Setup Dialog box ay:vmrnf/ ykH(14)

yk(H 13)

yk(H 14)

101 ( *) (C ) ( i) ( p) (q)

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

Slide Show oD;jcm;jy&ef jzpfygu Slide Sized for: wGif On-screen show

ukd a½G;yg/ Output xkwf,lvkdu slides sized for: nmbuf&Sd Down Arrow ukd Click vkyfNyD; ay:vmaom List rS A4, Letter, Legal ponfjzifha½G;í Click vkyfyg/ Custom Size jyKvy k v f v dk Qif Width ESihf Height wkw Yd iG f tvk&d adS om twkid ;f twm ukd ½kdufxnfhEkdifonf/ Orientation rS SlideswGif Portrait a'gifvkdufESifh Landscape tvsm;vkduf wpfckckukd a½G;í Click vkyfyg/ a½G;cs,fp&mrsm;NyD;vQif OK button ukd Click vkyfyg/

Presentation file topfwpfcktm; odrf;qnf;jcif; 10/ Presentation File wpfck odrf;vkdygu(u) File Menu rS save ukd Click vkyfyg/ykH(15) ( c) Save As Dialog boxay:vmrnf/ ykH(16)

yk(H 15) (*)

yk(H 16) File name Text box wGif file name ukd ½kdufxnfhyg/ NyD;vQif save button ukd Click vkyfyg/ (4if;zkdifudk ykHrSeftm;jzifh My documents Folder wGif odrf;rnf)

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

102

Presentation file tm; ydwfodrf;jcif; 11/ Presentation File ydwfvkdygu File Menu rS Close ukd Click vkyfyg/ ykH(16)

yk(H 16)

zdkiftm; zGifhjcif; 12/ odrf;xm;aom File tm;zGifhvkdygu(u) File Menu rS Open ukd Click vkyfyg/ykH(17) ( c) Open Dialog box ay:vmrnf/ ykH(18)

yk(H 17)

yk(H 18) ( *) (C) ( i) ( p)

ykHrSeftm;jzifh Look in box wGif My documents ay:aernf/ My documents atmuf&Sd file list rSzGifhvkdaom File ukda½G;í Click vkyfyg/ Open ukd Click vkyfyg/ tu,fí zGiv hf o dk nfh file onf My documents atmufwiG f rawGU&Syd gu Look in Box \nmbuf&Sd Down Arrow ukd Click vkyfí &SmazGyg/

103 (q)

ay:vmaom List rS C: ukd Click vkyfyg/ ¤if;aemuf ay:vmaom Folder List rS File &Sdrnfh Folder ukd Double Click vkyfygu rdrdzGifhvkdaom zkdifonf File List box wGif ay:vmrnf/ ¤if; List rS zGifhvkdaomzkdifukd a½G;í Open ukd Click vkyfygu File yGifhvmrnf/

Powerpoint rSxGufjcif; 13/ PowerPoint rS xGufvkdygu File Menu rS Exit ukd Click vkyfyg/ykH(19) View

14/

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

omreftm;jzifh jrifuGif;(4)rsdK;jzifh az:jyEkdifygonf (u) Normal / View Menu rS Normal ukd Click vkyfyg/ ykH(20) b,fbufjcrf;onf pmrsuEf mS toD;oD;rS Content rsm;ukd az:jyNy;D nmbufjcrf;wGif slide page wpfckukd az:jy rnf/ ,if;wGif pmrsm;? ykHrsm; xnhfoGif;EkdifNyD; jyKjyifvkduvnf; jyKjyifEkdifonf/ ykH(21)

ykH (20) ykH (21)

yk(H 19)

104

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

(c)

Outline View / Screen \ atmufajcb,fbufaxmif& h dS Outline View Icon ykHukd Click vkyfjcif;jzifh awGU&aomykHpH jzpfonf/ az:jyygykHtwkdif; Frame (3)ck jzifh awG&Y rnf/ Slide Page toD;oD;wGif yg0ifaom Text rsm;ukd Outline Pane

wGif tvG,fwul jyifqifEkdifygonf/ ykH (22)

ykH (22)

Outline View

( *)

Slide View / Screen \atmufajc b,fbufaxmifh&Sd Slide View Icon ykHukd Click vkyfjcif;jzifh awGU&aomykHpHjzpfonf/ ykH(23) Frame (2)ckjzifhawGU&rnf/ Slide Page udk jrifuGif;tjynfhawGU&rnf/ ¤if;wGif Text rsm;? Object rsm;ukd

tvG,fwul jyifqifEkdifonf/ yk(H 23)

105 (C)

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

Slide Sorter / View Menu rS Slide Sorter ukd Click vkyfyg/ ykH (24)

ykH (24)

(1)

Presentation pages rsm;udk tpDtpOftwkdif; ay:vmrnf/ykH (25)

ykH (25)

(2)

(3) (4)

Sorting vkyv f v dk Qif a&TUajymif;vkad om Page ukd Click and drag vkyí f qJ, G Nl y;D tvk&d adS ompmrsuEf mS Mum;wGif Pointer a&muf&aSd omtcg Mouse button ukdvTwfygu tvdktavQmuf Sorting vkyfoGm;ygonf/ þenf;twkdif; Page rsm;ukd tvkd&dSovkd Sorting vkyfekdifygonf/ Screen \ atmufajcb,fbufaxmifh&Sd Icon ykHrsm;ukd Click vkyfí a½G;cs,fjcif;jzifhView ykHpHwdkYukd ajymif;vJMunhfEkdifonf/

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

106

Inserting and Editing (xnfhoGif;jcif;ESifhjyifqifjcif;) 15/ Slide Page rsm; xyfxnfhjcif;? zsufjcif;? Slide Page rsm;ay:wGif pmom;rsm;xnfhjcif;? Drawing Tools rsm;okH;í ykHrsm;qJGxnhfjcif;? toifhqJGNyD;ykHrsm;xnfhjcif;? tjcm; Application rsm;rS Text rsm;? Table rsm;? Document rsm;xnfhjcif;? Chart ykHrsm;xnfhjcif;ESifh ,if;wkdYtm; Editing vkyfjcif;rsm; ponfwkdY yg0ifygonf/ Slide xJodkY pmom;xnhfoGif;jcif; 16/ File Menu rS New ukd Click vkyfyg/ ay:vmaom New Slide Dialog Box rS Blank Slide ukda&G;yg/ File topfwpfckonf Blank Slide page wpfckESihftwl ay:vmrnf/

17/

4if;wGif pmom;½kdufxnfh&eftwGuf Normal View Icon ukd Click vkyfyg/ NyD;vQif Drawing Toolbar rS Text box ukd Click vkyfNyD; Slide pmrsufESmay:&Sd pm½kdufvkdonfh ae&mwGif Click and Drag vkyfyg/ Cursor rSdwfwkwfrdSwfwkwf ay:aeNyD; pm½kduf&ef toifh jzpfaernf/ tvkd&dSaompmrsm;ukd ½kduf&efjzpfonf/ ykH(26)

ykH (26)

107

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

Formatting Text

18/ pmom;rsm;tm; ykHpH? Size? Style? Color owfrSwfjcif;tm; Formatting Text [kac:yg onf/ ajymif;vkad om pmom;rsm;ukd select vkyyf g/ Text selection vkyjf cif;rSm atmufygtwkid ;f jzpfonf/ Character Word All word Text Frame

-

Click and drag Double Click Ctrl+A (Or) Drag and Click Click on the text frame

19/ Select vkyfNyD;ygu Format Menu rS Font ukd Click vkyfyg/ Font Dialog box ay:vmrnf/ ykH(27)

ykH (27)

(u) ( c) ( *)

Font Dialog Box rS Font wGif Font trsdK;tpm;ukd a½G;yg/ Font Style wGif Regular, Bold, Italic ponfrsm;rS wpfckckukda½G;yg/ Size wGif ESpfoufaom Size ukd a½G;yg/ (okdYr[kwf) Size Box wGif Cursor

(C) (i)

csí tvkd&dSaom*Pef;ukd ½kdufxnhfyg/ Color wGifvnf; ESpfouf&mta&mifukd a½G;yg/ a½G;cs,fp&mrsm;a½G;cs,fNyD;ygu OK button ukd Click vkyfyg/ (okdYr[kwf)

ykH (32) 108

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

Formatting Toolbar rSvnf; Font, Size, Style Tools wkdYukd a½G;cs,fí

ajymif;Ekid o f nf/ Font Color Icon

ukd a½G;cs,í f Color ajymif;Ekid yf gonf/

Bullets and Numbering 20/ Slide Page &Sdpmykd'frsm;wGif Bullets xnfhvkdaompmykd'frsm;ukd select vkyfyg/ ykH (28) (u) Formatting Toolbars rS Bullets Tool ukd Click vkyyf g/ pmyk'd rf sm;a&SUrS Bullets rsm;ay:vmrnf/ ykH(29)

ykH (28)

( c) ( *)

ykH (29) Bullets rsm; ykHpHajymif;vkdygu pmykd'frsm;ukd select jyefvkyfyg/xkdYaemuf Format Menu rS Bullets and Numbering ukd Click vkyfyg/ ykH(30) Bullets and Numbering Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ ykH(31)

ykH (31)

ykH (30)

109 (C) ( i) ( p) (q)

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

Bulleted Tab ukd a½G;NyD; ESpfouf&m Setting ukd Click vkyfía½G;yg/ Bullets t&G,ftpm;ajymif;vkdygu Size wGif vkdovkd jznhfpGufyg/ Color ajymif;vkdygu Color &Sd Down Arrow ukdESdyfNyD; ay:vmaom Color Box rS ESpfouf&mta&mifukda&G;yg/ NyD;vQif OK button ukd Click vkyfygu Bullets rsm;ykHpHajymif;oGm;rnf/ ykH(32)

ykH (32)

21/

Picture Bullets xnfhvkdygu(u) Bullets and Numbering Dialog Box rS Picture Button ukd Click vkyfyg/ ( c ) ay:vmaom ykHrsm;rS ESpfouf&mykHrsm;ukd Click vkyfyg/ xyfay:vmaom Box rS Insert Clip tm; Click vkyfyg/ ykH(33)

ykH (33)

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

22/

110

Character Bullets xnfhvkdygu(u) Character buttonukd Click vkyfyg/ Bullet Dialog Boxay:vmrnf/ ykH(34)

ykH (34)

( c)

¤if; Box rS Bullets From wGif ESpfouf&m Font a½G;&ef Down Arrow ukd ESdyfí ay:vmaom List rS a½G;yg/ ( *) OK button ukd Click vkyfyg/ 23/ pmykd'feHygwfxnfhvkdygu Formatting Toolbars rS Numbering Tool ukd Click vkyfyg/ (okdYr[kwf) Bullets and Numbering Box rS Numbered Tab ukda&G;yg/ ay:vmaom ykHrS ESpfouf&m Number ukda½G;í OK button ukd Click vkyfyg/ ykH(35)

ykH (35)

111

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

pmom;rsm;tm; taetxm;n§djcif; 24/ n§dvkdaompmom;rsm;ukd Select vkyfNyD;vQif Formatting Toolbar rS tvkd&Sdaom Align Icon ukd Click vkyfyg/ Left Align b,fn&d§ ef Right Align

-

nmn§&d ef

Center Align

-

tv,fn&d§ ef

Justify

-

b,fnmn§&d ef

ClipArt yHkrsm; xnfhoGif;jcif; 25/ Slide page wGif ykHrsm;xnfhvkdygu Insert Clip Art rS toif& h NdS y;D ykrH sm;ukd atmufazmfjyygtwdik ;f

xnfhoGif;tokH;jyKEkdif onf(u) Insert MenurS Pictureukd Point vkyfyg/ ay:vmaom Submenu rS ClipArt ukd Click vkyfyg/ykH(36)

( c)

Insert Clip Art Dialog box ay:vmrnf/ ykH(37)

yk(H 37)

yk(H 36)

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

( *) (C) ( i)

112

,if; Box rS ESpfouf&m ykHwpfckukd Click vkyfía½G;yg/ xyfay:vmaom Picture rsm;rS ESpfoufaomykHukd Click vkyfyg/ ay:vmaom Box rS Insert Clip ukd Click vkyfyg/ ykH(38)

yk(H 38) Insert Clip

( p)

,if; box ukd jyefydwf&ef Close button ukd Click vkyfyg/ Slide page ay:wGif ykHwpfckay:vmrnf/

Slide topfxnfhoGif;jcif; 26/ Slide Page topfwpfck xyfxnfhvkdygu(u) Insert Menu rS New slide ukd Click vkyfyg/ykH(39) ( c) New slide dialog box ay:vmrnf/ ykH(40)

yk(H 40)

yk(H 39)

113 ( *) (C)

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

ay:vmaom box rS oifhavsmf&mwpfckukd a½G;NyD; OK button ukd Click vkyfyg/ a&mufaeaom Slide \aemufwGif a&G;cs,fvkdufaom Slide tm;tpm;xkd;NyD; jzpfonf/

Slide yHkwlyGm;jcif; 27/ Slide Page wpfckyHkwlyGm;vkdygu(u) Duplicate vkyfvkdaom Slide Page ukd Select vkyfyg/ ( c) Insert Menu rS Duplicate Slide ukd Click vkyfyg/ykH(41) ( *) a&mufaeaom Slide \aemufwGif ,if; Slide ESihfykHwl Slide Pagewpfck xyf

ay:vmrnf/

yk(H 41) Drawing Toolbars 28/ Drawing Toolbars onf ykrH eS t f m;jzifh PowerPoint ScreenatmufajcwGiaf y:aernf/ Drawing Toolbars ray:ygu View Menu rS Toolbars ay:wGif Point vkyfyg/ ay:vmaom submenu rS Drawing ukd Click vkyfyg- ykH(42)

yk(H 42)

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

114

Select Object

- Object rsm;tm;a&G;cs,f&efokH;onf/

Free Rotate

- Object rsm;tm;vkdovkdvSnhf&efokH;onf/

Autoshapes

- toifh&SdNyD; ykHtrsdK;rsdK;ukd qJG&efokH;onf/

Line Tool

- Line qJG&efokH;onf/

Arrow Tool Rectangle Tool

- jrm;qJG&mwGifokH;onf/ - pwk*H^pwk&ef; ykHrsm;qJG&mwGifokH;onf/

Ovel Tool

- puf0kdif;ykHESifh bJOykHrsm; qJG&mwGifokH;onf/

Text Tool

- pmrsm;½kduf&eftokH;jyKonf/

Insert WordArt Tool

- pmvkH;rsm; 'DZkdif;^ykHpHrsm;jyKvkyf&eftokH;jyKonf/

Insert ClipArt Tool

- ClipArt ykHrsm;xnfh&efokH;onf/

Fill Color Tool

- Object ykHrsm; Color jznfh&eftokH;jyKonf/

Line Color Tool

- Line rsm;ukd Color xnfh&efokH;onf/

Font Color Tool

- pmom; rsm;ukd Color xnfh&efokH;onf/

Line Style Tool

- Line rsm;tm; txltyg;trsdK;rsdK;ajymif;&efokH;onf/ - line rsm;ukd Dash ykHpHtrsdK;rsdK;ajymif;&efokH;onf/

Dash Style Tool

Shadow

- jrm;acgif;trsdK;rsdK;ukd yHkpHajymif;&efokH;onf/ - Text rsm;? Object rsm; wGif Shadow xnh& f efo;Hk onf/

3D Tool

- Object rsm;ukd 3D ykHpHajymif;&eftokH;jyKonf/

Arrow style Tool

AutoShapes Tools 29/ Drawing Toolbars rS AutoShapes ukd Click vkyyf g/ ay:vmaom Menu rS atmufyg Shapes trsdK;rsdK;ukd a½G;cs,ftokH;jyKEkdifonf ykH(43)ESihfykH(44) -

115

Connectors Line

Block Arrows

Basic Shapes

Stars and Banners

Flowchart

Action Buttons

Callouts

yk(H 43)

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

116

More Autoshapes

ykH (44)

Create Objects Using Drawing Toolbar (yHkqJGu&d,mudk toHk;jyKí Object rsm;

zefwD;jcif;) 30/ Drawing Toolbar tokH;jyKí Mu,fykHwpfckqJGvkdygu(u) Drawing Toolbar rS AutoShapes ukd Click vkyfyg/ ( c) ay:vmaom Menu rS Stars and Banners ay:wGif Point vkyfyguaz:jyyg ykHrsm;ay:vmrnf/ ykH(45)

ykH (45)

117 (*)

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

5-Point Star ukd a½G;cs,fNyD; Slide Pageay:wGif Drag vkyfíqJGyg/ykH(46)

yk(H 46) 31/

,if;ykHukd Size jyKjyifvkdygu(u) ykaH y:wGif Click vkyyf gu yH\ k ywfvnfwiG f Sizing Handle rsm; ay:vmonfudk awGU&rnf/ ykH(47) yk(H 47)

32/

Handle

( c)

Handle ay:wGif Point vkyfygu Pointer Shape ajymif;oGm;onfhtcg Drag

( *)

vkyf,lNyD; vkdovkdcsHKUEkdif? csJUEdkifonf/ ¤if;Mu,fykHtm; vkdaomae&mwGif xm;&efa½TUvkdygu ykHay:wGif Click vkyfí tvkd&Sdaomae&modkY Drag vkyf,loGm;yg/

ykHtm; ta&mifxnfhvkdygu(u) ta&mifxnhfvkdonhfykHukd Select vkyfyg/ ( c) Drawing ToolsbarrS Fill Color &Sd Down Arrow ukdClick vkyfyg/ykH(48) ( *) xnfhvkdaomta&mifukda½G;ygu ykH\ta&mifajymif;oGm;rnf/

yk(H 48)

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

118

Objects rsm;udkzsufjcif; 33/ Object rsm; zsufvkdygu zsufvkdaom Object rsm;ukd Select vkyfyg/ NyD;vQif Delete Key ukd ESdyfygu a&G;cs,fxm;aom Object rsm; ysufoGm;ygrnf/ Text Frame tm;zsufjcif; 34/ Text Frame rsm;ukd zsu&f mwGif ,if;Text Frame twGi;f Cursor ay:aeygu Delete Key ESdyfízsufr&yg/ Cursor aysmufatmif Text Frame abmifay:wGif Pointer axmufí Select vkyfNyD;rS Delete Key ESdyfyg/

pmom;rsm;tm;zsufjcif; 35/ Text Frame twGi;f &Sd pmom;rsm;ukd zsuv f ydk gu ,if;Text Frame twGi;f &Sd zsuv f adk om pm;om;rsm;ukd Select vkyfyg/ xkdYaemuf Delete Key ESdyfyg/ Slide rsm;tm;zsufjcif; 36/ Slide Page \ Normal View b,fbufjcrf;&Sd Outline Pane wGif tpDtpOftvkduf ay:aeaom Slide Page rsm;rS rdrdzsufvkdaom Slide Page ukd a½G;&ef Click vkyfyg/ykH(49)

zsufvkdaom Slide Page Outline Pane

yk(H 49)

119

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

ykw H iG f Slide page 3ukad &G;xm;onf/ Ny;D vQif Delete Key ukd ESyd yf gu Warning Box ay:vmrnf/ ,if; Box rS OK ukd Click vkyfyg/ ykH(50) ,if; Slide ysufoGm;ygvdrfhrnf/

yk(H 50)

aemufcHta&mifajymif;jcif; 37/ Slide Color Scheme jzihf Background Color ajymif;vkdygu(u) Format Menu rS Slide Color Scheme ukd Click vkyfyg/ykH(51)

yk(H 51)

( c)

Color Scheme Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ykH(52)

yk(H 52)

120

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

( *) (C)

Custom Tab ukda½G;ygu Background, Text and lines, Shadows, Title Text ponfwkdYrS wpfckukda&G;cs,fyg/ ykH(52)rS Change Color button tm; Click vkyfyg/ Background Color Box ay:vmrnf/ykH(53)

yk(H 53)

( i) ( p) (q)

38/

tvkd&Sdaomta&mifukda½G;cs,fí OK button ukd Click vkyfyg/ Color Scheme Dialog Box okdY jyefa&mufoGm;rnf/ Current Slide Page uko d m Effect jzpfvydk gu Apply button ukd Click vkyyf g/ Slide Page tm;vkH;twGuf Apply to All button ukd Click vkyfyg/

Background Color ajymif;vkdygu(u) Format Menu rS Background ukd Click vkyfyg/ ykH(54)

yk(H 54)

121 ( c)

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

Background Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ ykH(55)

yk(H 55)

( *)

Background Fill atmuf&Sd Down Arrow ukd Click vkyfyg/ ay:vmaom Colors Box rS Color a½G;&ef More Color ukd Click vkyfygu Color Box

ay:vmrnf/ yk(H 56)

yk(H 56)

(C) ( i) ( p)

tvkd&Sdaom Color ukd a½G;NyD; OK Button ukd Click vkyfyg/ Background Dialog Box jyefay:vmrnf/ 4if; Dialog Box wGif Current Slide Page twGuf Apply button ukd Click vkyyf g/ Slide Page tm;vk;H twGurf l Apply to All button tm; Click vkyyf g/

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

39/

122

Background wGif Effect rsm;xnfhvkdygu (u) Background Dialog Box rS Fill Effects ukd Click vkyfyg/ ( c) Fill Effects Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ ykH(57)

yk(H 57)

( *)

Gradient Tab ukd a½G;ygu atmufygtwkdif;vkyfaqmif&ef(1) Color rS One Colorukd a½G;NyD; Color1 wGif ta&mifwpfcka&G;í Dark and Light wGif vkdovkd csdefñSdyg/ ykH(58)

Color a&G;&ef

yk(H 58)

Dark Light

ñSd&ef

123 (2)

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

Color rS Two Color ukd a½G;NyD; Color1 ESihf Color2 wGif tvdk&dS&m

ta&mifrsm; a&G;yg/ykH(59)

yk(H 59)

(3)

Color rS Preset a&G;Ny;D Preset Color wGif ESpo f uf&mwpfcak &G;yg/ OyrmEarly Sunset ukda&G;yg/ ykH(60)

yk(H 60)

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

(4) (5) (6)

124

Shading Styles rS Horizontal, Vertical ponfwkdYrS wpfckukd a½G;yg/ Varients &Sd tuGuf(4)uGufrS wpfckukda&G;yg/ OK button uk d Click vk y f y gu Background Dialog Box

jyefay:vmrnf/ (7) (C)

Current Slide Page twGuf Apply button ukd Click vkyfyg/ Slide Page tm;vkH;twGufrl Apply to All button tm; Click vkyfyg/ Texture Tabukd ukd a½G;vdkygu atmufygtwkdif; vkyfaqmif&ef(1) Texture ykHpHtrsKd;rsKd;awGU&rnf/ykH(61)

yk(H 61)

(2) (3)

( i)

¤if;rStvkd&Sdaom Texture wpfckukda&G;yg/ OK button uk d Click vk y f y gu Background Dialog Box jyefay:vmrnf/ (4) Current Slide Page twGuf Apply button ukd Click vkyfyg/ Slide Page tm;vkH;twGufrl Apply to All button tm; Click vkyfyg/ Pattern Tab ukd ukd a½G;ygu atmufygtwkdif; vkyfaqmif&ef(1) Pattern ykHpHtrsKd;rsKd;rS tvkd&Sdaom Pattern wpfckukda&G;yg/ ykH(62)

125

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

yk(H 62)

(2) (3) (4)

Foreground rS Down Arrow ukd Click vkyfNyD; Color wpfcka½G;yg/ Background rS Down Arrow ukd Click vkyfNyD; Color wpfcka½G;yg/ OK button ukd Click vkyfygu Background Dialog Box jyefay:

vmrnf/ (5)

( p)

Current Slide Page twGuf Apply button ukd Click vkyy f g (odrYk [kw)f Slide Page tm;vkH;twGuf Apply to All button tm; Click vkyfyg/ Picture Tab ukda½G;ygu(1) ay:vmaom Box rS Select Picture button ukd Click vkyfyg/ ykH(63)

yk(H 63)

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

126

(2)

Select Picture Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ykH(64)

(3) (4)

File name Text box wGif Picture File name ukd ½kdufxnfhyg/ Picture File name ukd rodygu Look in &Sd Down Arrow ukdESdyfyg/ ay:vmaom Drives and Folder list rS File &Sdrnfh Folder ukd&SmNyD; Click vkyfygu File List Box wGif File rsm;ay:vmrnf/ ay:vmaom File rsm;rS wpfckukda½G;yg/ (Oyrm-Windows rS Clouds Picture File ukda½G;yg) Insert button uk d Click vk y f y gu Fill Effects Dialog Box

yk(H 64)

(5) (6)

(q)

jyefay:vmrnf/ (7) OK button uk d Click vk y f y gu Background Dialog Box jyefay:vmrnf/ (8) Current Slide Page twGuf Apply button ukd Click vkyfyg/ Slide Page tm;vkH;twGufrl Apply to All button tm; Click vkyfyg/ Background xnfhxm;aom Slide Page rS Background ukd jyefjzKwfvkdygu(1) jzKwfvkdaom Slide Page ukd a½G;yg/

127 (2)

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

Format Menu rS Background ukd Click vkyfyg/ Background Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ ykH(65)

yk(H 65)

(3)

¤if; Box rS Color &Sd Down Arrow ukd Click vkyfyg/ykH(66)

yk(H 66)

(4) (5)

ay:vmaom Color list rS Automatic (okdYr[kwf) tjzLa&mif ay:wGif Click vkyfyg/ Current Slide Page twGuf Apply button ukd Click vkyy f g (odrYk [kw)f Slide Page tm;vk;H twGur f l Apply to All button tm; Click vkyyf g/

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

128

toifhzefwD;NyD; Design Templates ykHpHrsm;tm; toHk;jyKjcif; 40/ toifh&Sdaeaom Design Templates rsm;tm; tokH;jyKvkdygu(u) Format Menu rS Apply Design Template ukd Click vkyfyg/ykH(67)

yk(H 67)

( c)

Apply Design Template ay:vmrnf/ ykH(68)

yk(H 68) ( *)

¤if; Box rS tvk&d adS om Design wpfcu k adk ½G;Ny;D Apply button ukd Click vkyyf g/

129

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

Movies File rsm;xnfhoGif;jcif; 41/ Slide Page wpfckwGif vIyf&Sm;rIygaom Movies File rsm; xnfhvkdygu(u) Insert Menu rS Movies and Sounds ukd Point vkyfyg/ ykH(69)

yk(H 69)

( c) ( *)

ay:vmaom Sub Menu rS Movies from File ukd Click vkyfyg/ Insert Movie Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ ykH(70)

yk(H 70)

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

(C) ( i)

( p) (q)

130

,if; Box rS File name Text box wGif Movie File name ukd½kdufxnfhyg/ Movie File name rodygu &Sm&ef Look in &Sd Down ArrowukdESdyfyg/ ay:vmaom Drives and Folder list rS File &Sdrnfh Folder ukd &SmNyD; Click vkyfygu File List Box wGif File rsm;ay:vmrnf/ ay:vmaom File rsm;rS wpfckukda½G;yg/ OK button ukd Click vkyfyg/ Dialog Box wpfckxyfay:vmrnf/ ykH(71)

yk(H 71) ( Z)

Insert vkyfvkdufaom Movie File tm; Slide Show jycsdefwGif tvkdtavsmuf jyapvkdu Yes Button ukd Click vkyfyg (okdYr[kwf) rjyvdkygu No button ukd Click vkyfyg/

toHzdkifrsm;xnfhoGif;jcif; 42/ Slide Page wpfckwGif toHygaom Sound File rsm; xnfhvkdygu(u) Insert Menu rS Movies and Sounds ukd Point vkyfyg/ ykH(72)

yk(H 72)

131 ( c) ( *)

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

ay:vmaom Sub Menu rS Sound from File ukd Click vkyfyg/ Insert Sound Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ ykH(73)

yk(H 73)

(C) ( i)

( p) (q)

,if; Box rS File name Text box wGif Sound File name ukd½kdufxnfhyg/ Sound File name rodygu &Sm&ef Look in &Sd Down ArrowukE d ydS yf g/ ay:vm aom Drives and Folder list rS File &Sdrnfh Folder ukd &SmNyD; Click vkyfyg/ File List Box wGif File rsm;ay:vmrnf/ ay:vmaom File rsm;rS wpfckukda½G;yg/ OK button ukd Click vkyfygu Dialog Box wpfckxyfay:vmrnf/ykH(74)

yk(H 74) ( Z)

Insert vkyfvkdufaom Sound File tm; Slide Show jycsdefwGif tvkdtavsmuf jyapvkdu Yes Button ukd Click vkyfyg (okdYr[kwf) rjyvdkygu No button ukd Click vkyfyg/

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

132

Insert Organization Chart rsm;xnfhoGif;jcif; 43/ Organization Chart onf &kH;^Xmeqkdif&mtzJGUtpnf;rsm;? ukrÜPDrsm;? toif;tzJGUrsm; twGuf zJUG pnf;ykH Chartrsm;a&;qJ&G ef tok;H jyKonf/ 4if; Charttm; Slide PagewGix f nhv f ydk gu(u) Insert Menu rS Picture ukd Point vkyfyg/ ay:vmaom Submenu rS Organization Chart ukd Click vkyfyg/ ykH(75)

yk(H 75)

( c)

Chart Windows ay:vmrnf/ ¤if; Windows wGif Simple Chart wpfck

ay:aernfukdawGU&rnf/ ykH(76)

yk(H 76)

133 ( *)

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

Chart Title wGif rdrd Chart \acgif;pOfudk Cursor csí ½ku d yf g/ tvm;wl Chart twGif;&Sd Label rsm;ukdvnf; rdrd Label rsm;jzifh tpm;xkd;½kdufyg/ Label Block rsm; xyfw;dk vkyd g Toolbars rS wk;d vkad om Label Tools ukd Click vkyyf g/ Ny;D vQif Chart &Sd Label ay:wGif Click vkyfyg/ þenf;jzifh Label rsm;ukd tqifhqifh yGm;Ekdifonf/ rvkdaom Label ukd zsufvkdygu ¤if; Label ukd Click vkyfyg/ NyD;vQif Edit Menu rS Clear ukd Click vkyfyg/

44/ Chart Style ajymif;vkdygu(u) Chart wpfckvkH;ukd Select vkyf&ef Edit Menu rS Select ukd Point vkyfyg/ ay:vmaom Submenu rS All ukd Click vkyfyg/ykH(77)

yk(H 77)

( c)

Menu Bar rS Styles ukd Click vkyfyg/ Chart Style trsdK;rsdK;ay:vmrnf/

yk(H 78)

yk(H 78)

134

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

( *)

ESpfouf&mwpfckukd Click vkyfygu Chart Style ykHpHajymif;oGm;rnf/ ykH(79)

yk(H 79)

(C)

rlv Slide Page ukd jyefoGm;&ef File Menu rS Exit and Return to Presentation ukd Click vkyfyg/ ykH(60)

yk(H 60)

WordArt xnfhoGif;jcif; 45/ Slide Page rsm;wGif 'DZkdif;pmvkH;rsm;ukd xnfhoGif;vkdygu WordArt ('DZkdif;pmvkH;rsm;)ukd

tokH;jyKEkdifonf(u) Insert MenurS Pictureukd Point vkyfyg/ ay:vmaom SubmenurS WordArt ukd Click vkyfyg/ ykH(61)

yk(H 61)

135 ( c)

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

WordArt Gallery Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ykH(62)

yk(H 62)

( *)

ESpo f uf&m Style wpfcu k dk a½G;í OK button ukd Click vkyyf gu Edit WordArt Text Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ ykH(63)

yk(H 63)

(C)

¤if; Box wGif Font ESifh Size ukd a½G;cs,fyg/ NyD;vQif ]]COMPUTER}} ukd ½kduf xnfhyg/ NyD;vQif OK button ukd Click vkyfyg/ WordArt yef;pmvkH; wpfck jzpfvmrnf/ ykH(64) yk(H 64)

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

( i)

136

Edit vkyfvkdygu yef;pmvkH;ay:wGif Double Click vkyfygu Edit WordArt Text Dialog Box ESihf WordArt Tool Box rsm;ay:vmNyD; vkdtyfovkd

jyifqifEidk o f nf/yk(H 65) yk(H 65) Z,m;rsm;xnfhoGif;jcif; 46/ Slide Page wGif Z,m;xnfhoGif;vkdygu(u) Insert Menu rS Table ukd Click vkyfyg/ykH(66)

yk(H 66)

( c)

Insert Table Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ ykH(67)

yH(k 67)

( *)

Number of Columns wGif Column ta&twGuf ½kdufxnfhyg/ Number of Rows wGif Row ta&twGuf &kdufxnfhNyD;vQif OK button ukd Click vkyfyg/

137 (C)

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

rdrday;cJhaom Column ESifh Row ta&twGuftwkdif; Z,m;wpfckay:vmrnf/ yk(H 68)

yk(H 68)

( i) ( p) (q) ( Z)

Z,m;tm; Select vkyfxm;ygu ab;abmifay:&Sd Handle rsm;ay:ü Pointer axmufí csHKUEkdif? csJUEkdifonf/ Row ESifh Column rsm;ay:wGif Pointer wifygu Pointer ykHpHonf ESihf ykHrsm;okdY ajymif;oGm;onhftcg Drag vkyfí usOf;Ekdif? us,fEkdifonf/ Table tm;a&TUvkdygu 4if;ay:wGif Click wpfcsufESdyfyg/ ab;abmifay:wGif Pointer wifygu Pointer ykHpHonf onhftcg vkdaomae&mokdY Drag vkyfqJG,lNyD; a&TUEkdifonf/

Microsoft Excel rSZ,m;rsm;xnfhoGif;jcif; 47/ Slide Page wGif Chart xnfhoGif;vkdygu(u) Insert MenurSChart ukdClick vkyfyg/ ykH(69)

yk(H 69)

okdY ajymif;oGm;

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

( c)

138

Simple Chart ykH(70)ESifh Simple Data Sheet wpfckay:vmrnf/ ykH(71)

yk(H 70)

yk(H 71)

( *)

Simple Data Sheet wGif Data rsm;tpm;xk;d ½ku d x f nfyh gu yk(H 72) Simple Chart

onf tvkdtavsmufajymif;oGm;rnf/ ykH(73)

yk(H 72)

yk(H 73)

(C)

Simple Data Sheet azsmufvy dk gu Datasheet ESifh Chart Area tjyifbufwiG f Click vkyfyg/

139 48/

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

,if; Chart ukd Edit vkyfvkdygu(u) Chart yH(k 72)ay:wGif Click ESpcf suv f yk yf g/ Datasheet jyefay:vmrnf/ Menu Bar &Sd Menu List vnf;ajymif;oGm;rnf/ ( c) Chart Type udkajymif;vkdygu Chart MenurS Chart Typeukd Clickvkyfyg/ yk(H 74)

yk(H 74) (C)

Chart Type Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ ykH(75)

yk(H 75)

( i) ( p)

¤if; Box wGif Standard Type Tab ESifh Custom Types Tab wkdYrS ESpfouf&m Chart wpfckukd a&G;NyD; OK button tm; Click vkyfyg/ Chart Menu rS Chart Option ukd a½G;yg/ ykH(76)

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

140

yk(H 76) (q)

Chart Option Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ ykH(77)

yk(H 77)

( Z) ( ps) (n) ( #) ( X) ( !)

¤if; Box \ Title Tab wGif Chart Title, X axis, Y axis wkw Yd iG f oifah wmfaom Text rsm; ½kdufxnfhyg/ Axes Tab wGif X Value, Y Value wefz;kd rsm; azsmufxm;Eki d o f nf/ ay:apvkyd gu ay:apEkdifygonf/ Gridlines Tab wGif Gridlines rsm;ukd azsmufxm;Eki d o f uJo h Ydk ay:apvku d ay:ap Ekid yf gonf/ Legend Tab wGif Value ESifh Label ukd jyvkdygu jyEkdifonf/ rjyvkdu jzKwfxm; ekid o f nf/ Setting rsm;ukd a½G;cs,fNyD;ygu OK button tm; Click vkyfyg/ Datasheet tjyifbufwGif Click vkyfyg/

141

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

Insert Excel Worksheet (Microsoft Excel rS Z,m;rsm;xnfhoGif;jcif;) 49/ Slide Page wGif Excel Worksheet xnfhoGif;vkdygu(u) Insert Menu rS Object ukd Click vkyfyg/ ykH(78)

yk(H 78)

( c)

Insert Object Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ ykH(79)

yk(H 79)

( *)

¤if; Box wGif Create from file Option ukda½G;ygu atmufygykHtwkdif; awGU&rnf/ ykH(80)

yk(H 80)

(C)

4if;rS File &Sd Text Box wGif Filename (Oyrm- C:\exam\Book1.xls) ukd ½kdufxnfhNyD; OK button ukd Click vkyfyg/

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

( i)

142

Slide Page wGif Excel Worksheet ay:vmrnf/ ykH(81)

yk(H 81)

( p) (q) ( Z)

50/

4if;tm;csHKUvkd? csJUvkdygu Select vkyfNyD; ab;abmifay:&Sd Handle rsm;ay:ü Pointer axmufí csHKUEkdif? csJUEkdifonf/ a&TUvkdygu 4if;ay:wGif Click wpfcsufESdyfyg/ ab;abmifay:wGif Pointer wifygu Pointer ykHpHonf onhftcg vkdaomae&mokdY Drag vkyfqJG,lNyD; a&TUEkdifonf/

okdYajymif;oGm;

Worksheet wGif yg0ifaom tcsuftvufrsm; Edit vkyfvkdygu(u) Worksheet ay:wGif Double Click vkyfyg/ykH(82)

yk(H 82)

( c) ( *)

ay:vmaom Worksheet wGif jyifvkdaom tcsuftvufrsm;ukd jyifyg/ jyifNyD;vQif ¤if; Worksheet ESifh vGwfaomae&mwGif Click wpfcsufESdyfyg/

143

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

Microsoft Word zdkifrsm;xnfhoGif;jcif; 51/ Slide Page wGif Microsoft Word Document xnfhoGif;vkdygu(u) Insert Menu rS Object ukd Click vkyfyg/ ykH(83)

yk(H 83) ( c)

Insert Object Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ ykH(84)

yk(H 84)

( *)

yk(H 85)

¤if; Box wGif Create from file Option ukd a½G;yg/ ykH(85) Objects Type ukd a½G;í OK button ukd Click vkyfyg/

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

(C) ( i)

144

4if;rSFile Text Box wGif Filename (Oyrm- C:\My Documents\ myfile.doc) ukd ½kdufxnfhNyD; OK button ukd Click vkyfyg/ Slide Page wGif Microsoft Word Document y:vmrnf/ykH(86)

yk(H 86)

( p) (q) ( Z)

52/

4if;tm;csHKUvkd? csJUvkdygu Select vkyfNyD; ab;abmifay:&Sd Handle rsm;ay:ü Pointer axmufí csHKUEkdif? csJUEkdifonf/ a&TUvkdygu 4if;ay:wGif Click wpfcsufESdyfyg/ ab;abmifay:wGif Pointer wifygu Pointer ykpH o H nf tcg vkdaomae&mokdY Drag vkyfqJG,lNyD; a&TUEkdifonf/

okaYd jymif;oGm;onhf

Myfile.doc wGif yg0ifaom tcsuftvufrsm;udk Edit vkyfvkdygu(u) ¤if;tay:wGif Pointer wifí Double Click vkyfyg/ykH(87)

yk(H 87)

( c)

xyfay:vmaom Document wGif jyifvkdaom tcsuftvufrsm;ukd jyifNyD;vQif ¤if; Document ESifhvGwfaomae&mwGif Click wpfcsufESdyfyg/

145

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

Effects rsm; zefwD;jcif; 53/ File topfzGifhjcif;? Slide Page rsm;xyfxnfhjcif;? zsufjcif;? Slide Page rsm;ay:wGif pmom;rsm;xnfhjcif;? Drawing Tools rsm;okH;í ykHrsm;qJGxnhfjcif;? toifhqJGNyD;ykHrsm;xnfhjcif;? tjcm; Application rsm;rS Tables rsm;? Document rsm;xnfhjcif;? Chart ykHrsm;xnfhjcif; ponf wdkYudk &Sif;vif;cJhNyD;jzpfygonf/ zefwD;xm;NyD;aom Slide Pages rsm;wGif Animation Effects rsm;? Sound Effects ponfh Effects trsdK;rsdK;wdkY xyfrHxnfhoGif;rnf jzpfygonf/ Slide Transition owfrSwfay;jcif; 54/ Slide Page wpfckrS aemufwpfckokdY ajymif;csdefwGif Slide Transition xnhfvkdygu(u) Slide Show Menu rS Slide Transition ukd Click vkyfyg/ykH(86)

yk(H 86)

( c)

Slide Transition Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ ykH(87)

yk(H 87)

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

( *)

146

Effect &Sd Down Arrow button ukd Click vkyfí ay:vmaom List rS Effect wpfckckukd a½G;yg/ rxnfhvkdygu ¤if; List rS No Transition ukd a½G;yg/ ykH(88)(1) Cover Left ukd a½G;ygu Slide Page onf b,fbufrS 0ifvmrnf/ (2) vIy&f mS ;rItaES;tjrefuv dk u dk í f Slow, Medium, Fast wpfcck u k dk a½G;yg/ (3) xkdkokdYa½G;cs,fygu Slide Page \vIyf&Sm;rIerlemudk awGU&rnf/

yk(H 88)

(C ) Advance wGif (1) On mouse Click ukda½G;ygu Slide Page onf Mouse ukd Click vkyfrSom ay:vmrnf/ (2) Automatically After ukd a½G;cs,fygu tcsdefxnfhay;&rnf/ (Oyrm 00;10 xnhfygu 10-puúefY Mumrnf) ykH(89)

yk(H 89)

147

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

(3) (4)

(i)

Slide Page onf ,if;tcse d t f wkid ;f apmifah eNy;D tcsed jf ynfrh aS y:vmrnf/ tu,fí Advance rS On mouse click ESifh Automatically After ESpfckpvkH;ukd a½G;cs,fxm;ygu Slide Page onf tcsdefukdapmifhí ay:vmrnf/ tcsed rf jynfrh aD y:apvkyd gu Mouse Click ukd ESyd Ef idk o f nf/ (5) Mouse Click tpm; Keyboard rS Key wpfckukdvnf; ESdyfEkdifonf/ Sound xnhf&ef Sound wGif Down Arrow ukd Click vkyfyg/ Sound List

ay:vmrnf- ykH(90)

yk(H 90)

(1)

(2) (3)

4if; List rS Vertical Scroll ukd tokH;csí &SmazGNyD; Sound wpfckckukd a½G;cs,fyg/ Oyrm- vufckyfwD;oH(Clapping)ukd a½G;ygu Slide Page ay:csdefwGif vufckyfwD;oH Mum;&ygrnf/ rxnfhvkdu ¤if; List rS No Sound ukd a½G;&ygrnf/ Sound List rS Loop until next sound ukd a½G;cs,y f gu vufcyk w f ;D oH onf Next Sound rwkdifrDtxd Mum;ae&rnf/ ykH(91)

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

148

yk(H 91)

(C)

txufyga½G;cs,frIrsm; a½G;cs,fygu Current Page twGuf Effect jzpfvkdygu Apply button ukd Click vkyy f g (odrYk [kw)f Slide Page tm;vk;H twGuf Apply to All button ukd Click vkyfyg/

vIyf&Sm;rIrsm;zefwD;jcif; 55/ Animation Effect ukd Slide Page &Sd Text frame rsm;? Graphic ykHrsm;ESifh Drawing ykHrsm;wGif wpfckcsif; oD;jcm;pD (okdYr[kwf) Group vkdufxnfhoGif;Ekdifonf(u) Using Preset Animation (1) Slide Page wGi&f adS om Element rsm;xJrS wpfcu k dk Select vkyyf g/ Oyrm Text Frame (okdYr[kwf) Object wpfckukd Select vkyfyg/ (2) Slide Show Menu rS Preset Animation ukd Point vkyfygu Animation List ay:vmrnf/ ykH(92)

149

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

yk(H 92)

(3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) ( c)

¤if; List rS wpfckckukd a½G;cs,f&rnf/ rxnfhvkdu off ukd Click vkyfyg/ Oyrm-Flying ukda½G;ygu Slide Page jyocsdefwGif Text frame &Sd pmom;onf pmrsufESm\b,fbufrS 0ifvmrnf/ xkdYtwl Type writer ukd a½G;ygu vufESdyfpuf ½kdufoHMum;&rnf/ ¤if; Slide Page wGif aemufxyf Object wpfcka½G;cs,fNyD; Camera ukd a½G;ygu Slide Show jyocsdefwGif Camera ½kdufoHMum;&rnf/ ¤if; Slide Page ay:&Sd tjcm; Text frame rsm;? Object rsm;ukdvnf; txufygtwkdif; Animation rsm;? Effect rsm;ukd xnfhoGif;Ekdifonf/

Using Custom Animation (1) Custom Animation xnh&f ef Slide Page wGi&f adS om Element rsm;xJrS wpfcu k dk Select vkyyf g/ Oyrm Text Frame (okrYd [kw)f Object wpfcu k dk Select vkyfyg/ (2) Slide Show Menu rS Custom Animation ukd Click vkyfyg/ykH(93)

150

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

yk(H 93)

(3)

Custom Animation Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ ykH(94)

(4)

Order & Timing (uu) txufyg Slide Page wGif Title 1, Picture frame 2, Text 3 paom Element okH;cktm; Check to animate slide objects Box wGif awGU&rnf/ ( cc) Title 1, Picture frame 2, Text 3 a&SUwGif&Sdaom Check Box rsm;tm; Click vkyyf gu Anumation Order wGif tpDtpOf

yk(H 94)

twkdif; ay:vmrnf/ ykH(95)

151

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

yk(H 95)

f iG f Animation rygapvkad om Element ( **) Slide Show jyocsed w &Sd Check Box ukd jzKwf&rnf/ (CC) Animation order &SdtpDtpOfukdajymif;vkdyguajymif;vkdaom Element ukd select vkyfNyD; Move rS Up Arrow ESihf Down Arrow ukdESdyfí ajymif;Ekdifonf/ ( ii) Start animation rS On mouse click ukda&G;ygu animation rsm; wpfckrSwpfckokdYajymif;&ef Mouse click vkyf&rnf/ ( pp) Start animation rS Automatically ukd a&G;ygu Animation wpfcrk w S pfco k Ydk ajymif;&ef tcsed x f nh&f rnf/( Oyrm-00;05 puúe)Yf yk(H 96)

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

152

yk(H 96)

(5)

yk(H 97)

Effects Tab (uu) animation effect xnhf&ef Element toD;oD;rSwpfcka&G;yg/ ykHwGif Title1 a&G;xm;onf/ ykH(97)

153

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

( cc ) Effect Tab rS Entry animation and sound wGiw f pfcu k dk a&G;yg/ Oyrm-Fly, From Left wkdYukda½G;yg/ ( **) sound xnhf&ef Effect Tab rS Entry animation and sound wGif wpfcka&G;yg/ Oyrm-Clapping ukda½G;yg/ykH(98)

yk(H 98)

(CC) Animation wpfcNk y;D csed w f iG f Color ajymif;&ef (okrYd [kw)f Object aysmufap&eftwGuf After animation rS wpfckukda½G;yg/ykH(99)

yk(H 99)

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

154

( ii) a&G;cs,fxm;aom Title1 tm; All at once, By Word, By Letter ponfjzihf ay:apvkdu Introduce text wGif wpfckckukd a½G;yg/ykH(100)

yk(H 100)

(6)

(7) (8) (9)

( pp) a&G;cs,fxm;aom Element onf Picture Object rsm;jzpfygu Introduce text Box onfa&G;cs,& f efrvkad omaMumihrf eSd af ernf/ 4if;onf Text twGufom jzpfonf/ (qq) rdrad ½G;cs,rf rI sm;ukd erlemMunfv h ydk gu Preview button ukd ESyd í f MunfhEkdifonf/ xkdenf;wl Slide Page wGif Chart yg&Sdygu Chart Effects Tab ukd a½G;cs,fí txufygtwkdif; Animation Effects rsm;ukd xnhfoGif;Ekdif onf/ a½G;cs,frItm;vkH; NyD;qkH;ygu OK button ukd Click vkyfyg/ tjcm; Element wpfcu k x dk yfa&G;yg/ (Oyrm-Picture Frame2 ukd a&G;&ef) txufygtwkdif; Order & Timing , Effect rsm;xnfhEdkifygonf/ Slide Page &Sd Animation Effect xnhv f akd om usef Element toD;oD; ukd txufygtwkdif;vkyfaqmifNyD;vQif OK Button ukd Click vkyfyg/ usef Slide Page toD;oD;ukv d nf; Page wpfcck si;f tvku d f Animation Effects rsm;ukd xnfhoGif;&rnf/

155

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

Slide Show rsm;tm; tpDtpOfowfrSwfjcif; 56/ Presentation File tm; Slide Show jyo&eftwGuf Setting jyKvkyf&rnfjzpfygonf/ (u) Setting jyKvkyf&ef Slide Show Menu rS Set Up Showtm; Clickvkyfyg/

yk(H 101)

yk(H 101)

( c)

Set Up Show Dialog ay:vmrnf/ ykH(102)

yk(H 102)

( *) (C)

¤if; Box &Sd Show Type wGif Presented by a speaker (full screen) ukd a½G;yg/ Animation Effects rsm; rxnfhvkdygu Show without animation ukd Click vkyyf g/

156

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

( p) (i) (q)

( Z) ( ps)

(n)

( #)

aemufcHpum;ajym;oHrygapvkdu Show without narration ukd Click vkyfyg/ Slide Page rsm; tm;vkH;jyovkdygu Slide rS All ukd a½G;&ygrnf/ tykid ;f vku d jf yvku d From, To tuGuw f iG f Slide Page eHygwfrsm;ukd ½ku d x f nf&h rnf/ (Oyrm - Slide Page ta&twGuf (10)ck &Sdygu Slide Page eHygwf 5 rS 9 xd jyo&eftwGuf From wGif 5 ? To wGif 9 ukd ½kdufxnfh&rnf/) Advance Slide wGif Manually ukda½G;cs,fygu Mouse button (okdYr[kwf) Keyboard rS Key wpfcc k u k dk ESyd rf o S m Slide Page rsm; wpfcrk w S pfcak jymif;rnf/ Using Timings, if present tm; a½G;cs,fygu Slide Transition Dialog Box wGif owfrSwfay;xm;aom Timing tcsdeftwkdif; Slide Page rsm; tvkdtavsmuf ajymif;oGm;rnf/ Slide Page rsm;tm; tqufrjywf xyfcgxyfcg (Looping) jyovkdygu Show Type rS Loop continously until 'ESC' tm; a½G;cs,x f m;&rnf/ ¤if; Looping ywfí jyoaejcif;tm; &yfwefYvkdygu ESC Key ukd ESdyfyg/ a½G;cs,frItm;vkH; NyD;qkH;ygu OK button ukd Click vkyfyg/

Slide Show rsm;udk pwifjyojcif; 57/ Presentation file wpfcktm; Slide Show jyovkdygu(u) Slide Show Menu rS View Show ukd Click vkyfyg/ ykH(103)

yk(H 103)

( c)

View Menu rS Slide Show ukd Click vkyfíkjyoEkdifonf/ (Short cut - F5 )

yk(H 104)

157

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

yk(H 104)

( *)

Slide show jyorI ay:vmrnf/

uGefysLwmzGifhcsdefwGif Slide Show rsm;udk tvdktavsmufjyoapjcif; 58/ PowerPoint Presentation file wpfcktm; Computer rD;zGifhonfESifh wNydKifeuf Windows 98 Screen ay:vmNyD;aemuf wpfqufwnf; Slide Show jyovkdygu(u) yxrtqihftaejzihf ¤if; filetm; zGihfNyD; PowerPoint Show Type jzifh odr;f &rnf/ ( c) File Menu rS Save As ukd Click vkyfyg/ ykH(105)

yk(H 105)

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

( *)

158

Save As Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ ykH(106 )

yk(H 106)

(C) ( i) ( p)

(q)

( Z)

¤if; Box &Sd File name wGif zkdiftrnf ½kdufxnfhyg/ Type a&G;&ef Save as type ab;&Sd Down Arrow ukd Click vkyNf y;D PowerPoint Show ukd a½G;yg/ Save button ukd Click vkyf ygu'xxx.pps' jzifh odr;f oGm; rnf/ 'k w d , tqih f taejzih f Screen atmufajc &Sd Start button ukd Click vkyfyg/ ay:vmaom Start Menu rS Settings ay:wGif Point vk y f N yD ; xyf a y:vmaom submenu rS Taskbar & Start Menu...ukd Click yk(H 107) vkyfyg/ ykH(107)

159 ( ps)

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

Taskbar Properties Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ ykH(108)

yk(H 108)

(n) ( #)

yk(H 109)

¤if; Box rS Start Menu Programs Tab rS Add button ukd Click vkyfyg/ Create Shortcut Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ ykH(109)

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

( X)

160

¤if; Box rS Command line wGif jyvkdaom PowerPoint name ukd ½kdufxnfh &rnf/ ykH(110)

yk(H 110)

( !) ( ¡)

zkid t f rnfrawG&Y ySd gu Browse button ukEd ydS í f jyovkad om zdik t f rnfu&dk mS azGNy;D Click vkyfyg/ NyD;vQif Next button ukd Click vkyfygu Select Folder Program Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ ykH(111)

yk(H 111)

161 (P) (w)

Microsoft PowerPoint 2000

¤if; Box rS StartUp ukd a½G;cs,fNyD; Next buttonukd Clickvkyfyg/ Select a Title for the Program Dialog Box xyfay:vmrnf/ ykH(112 )

ykH(112 )

(x) ( ') ( ") 59/

4if; Box rS Finish button ukd Click vkyfyg/ Taskbar Properties Dialog Box jyefay:vmrnf/ OK Button ukd Click vkyfyg/

xko d v Ydk yk af qmifNy;D ygu uGeyf sLwmrD; pzGicfh sed w f iG f 4if; Presentation file onf Windows 98 Screen ESihf wpfqufwnf; ay:vmrnf/

162

PC Hardware, Maintenance & Upgrading

tcef; ( 4 ) PC Hardware Maintenance and Upgrading Typical ATX Motherboard & Real Panel Connectors 1/ PII/PIII ATX Motherboard wpfck\ Layout Diagram ESifh Built-in Connector rsm;tm; atmufaz:jyyg ykH(1)ESifhyHk(2)wdkYtwkdif; Type trsKd;rsKd;awGY½SdEkdifygonf-

South Bridge

Slot 1(CPU)

A

B A B C D

PS2/ mouse PS2/ keyboard USB Port 1 USB Port 2

C

PCI Slots

North Bridge

PCI Slots

AGP Slot

}

F

D

E E F G H

H

G

Serial Port A Parallel Port Serial Port B MIDI/Game Port (optional)

I

J

K

I Audio Line Out (optional) J Audio Line in (optional) K Audio Mic in (optional)

Slot Type PII/PIII ATX Motherboard

yHk (1)

ISA Slots

Backup Battery

DIMM Memory Bank

ISA Slots

}

PCI Slots

.......... ..........

PCI Slots

Floppy Disk Connector Hard Disk Connector

ATX Power Supply Connector

163

PC Hardware, Maintenance & Upgrading

Socket Type Intel DX15EEA Moterhboard

yHk (2) A. B. D. F. H. J. L. N. P. R. T. V.

CNR (Communication and Networking Riser) connector (optional) AGP universal connector C. Chassis fan connector (Fan 2) Legacy CD-ROM connector E. ATAPI-style CD-ROM connector Auxiliary line in, ATAPI-style connector G. Processor fan connector (Fan 3) Digital video output connector I. Processor socket DIMM sockets K. Power connector Diskette drive connector M. Primary IDE connector Secondary IDE connector O. Serial port B connector BIOS configuration jumper block Q. Front panel USB connector Front panel connector S. Front panel power LED, alternate Wake on LAN technology connector U. Chassis fan connector (Fan 1) Battery W. SCSI LED connector

X. Speaker

Y.

PCI expansion

The Intel Desktop Board D815EEA supports the following processors: Processor Type Intel Pentium processors

Socket Type FC-PGA FC-PGA

Processor Designation (MHz) 866, 800EB, 733, 667, 600EB, and 533EB 850, 800, 750, 700, 650, 600E, 550E, and 500E 700, 667, 633, 600, 566, 533A, and 500A

System Bus Freq. (MHz) 133

L2 Cache Size (KB) 256

100

256

Intel FC-PGA 66 128 Celeron processors Celeron PPGA 533 and 500 66 128 processors For the latest information on processors supported by the Desktop Board D815EEA, refer to the Intel web site at:

Z,m; (1)

PC Hardware, Maintenance & Upgrading

164

Intel's Microprocessor 2/ Computer wpfv;Hk \ Model ukd ¤if;wGiw f yfqifxm;aomCPU \Model jzifo h wfrw S f qkH;jzwfMuygonf/ ¤if; CPU rsm;rSm CISC (Complex Instruction Set Code) ESifh RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Code) enf;ynmrsm;ukd tokH;jyKMuonf/ RISC enf;ynmokH; Microprocessor rsm;ukd Motorola, Digital ponfh ukrÜPDrsm;rSxkwfvkyfMuNyD; Special Purpose Computer rsm;wGif tokH;rsm;Muonf/ CISC enf;ynmokH; Microprocessor rsm;ukd Intel,AMD,Cyrix ukrP Ü rD sm;rS tjyKd it f qkid x f w k v f yk v f m&m ,cktcgwGif 1000 MHz(1 GHz) tjrefEIef;txd a&muf½SdvmMuNyDjzpfonf/ az:jyygZ,m;rsm;onf Intel rSxkwfvkyfaom Microprocessor rsm;ESifh tjcm;ukrÜPDrsm;rSxkwfvkyfaom Processor rsm;\ pufrIqkdif&m

tcsuftvufrsm;? pGrf;aqmifEkdifrIrsm;ukd EIdif;,SOfaz:jyxm;jcif;jzpfygonf/ 3/

Z,m;(2)t& atmufaz:jyygtxl;od½Sd&eftcsufrsm;ukd avhvmawGY½SdEkdifygonf(u) 486 DX Processor rSpwifí Microprocessor twGif; 'ór*Pef;rsm;ukd wGufcsuf aqmif&GufEkdifonfh FPU (Floating Point Unit) (okdU) Co-Math Processor rsm;ukd Built-in wnfaqmufxm;onf/ ( c) 386 rSpí Internal 32-bit vkyfaqmifEkdifonfhtwGufaMumifh 32-bit OS rsm; tokH;jyKEkdifonf/ ( *) Classics Pentium ukd MMX enf;ynm ( 57 MMX Instruction ) aygif;pyf wnfaqmufvkdufaomtcg Pentium MMX [kjzpfay:vmjyD; Multimedia qkdif&mñTefMum;csufrsm;ukd CPU rSajz½Sif;aqmif&GufvmEkdifonf/ (C) P6 Architecture udk MMX Instruction Set (57 Instruction) aygif;vdu k af om tcg PII Processor [líjzpfay:vmonf/ ( i) P II Processor wG i f 3D Instruction (SSE-Streaming SIMD) aygif;pyffvdkufaomtcg P!!! Processor [líjzpfay:vmum 3D Instruction rsm;udk CPU rSajz&Sif;aqmif½GufvmEdkifonf/ ( p) Pentium Pro (P6) Microprocessor twGif;ü L2 Cache udk built-in wnf aqmufxm;jcif;jzifh L2 Cache rS access vkyfonfh Performance udkwdk;wuf aponf/ (q) Pentium Pro (P6) rSpí L2 Cache ESifh CPU wdkY\ access vkyfonfhEIH;udk CPU Core Speed \w0uf (odkY) tjynfhjzifh aqmif½Gufjcif;jzifh Performance udk ydkrdkwdk;wufaponf/

CPU Clock 1x 1x 1x 1x 1x 1x 1x 2x 1x 1x 1x 2x 2-3x 2.5x 1x 1.5-3x 1.5-4.5x 2-3x

3.5-4.5x 3.5-6x 3.5-4.5x 3.5-8x 4.5-9x 4-6x 4-9x

4-4.5x

5-6x

4.5-6.5x

Processor 8088 8086 286 386SX 386SL 386DX 486SX 486SX2 487SX 486DX 486SL 2 486DX2 486DX4 486Pentium OD Pentium 60/66 Pentium 75-200 Pentium MMX Pentium Pro

Pentium II Pentium II PE Celeron Celeron A Celeron III Pentium III Pentium III E

Z,m; (2)

Pentium II Xeon

Pentium III Xeon

Pentium III E Xeon

1.65v

1.8-2.8v

1.8-2.8v

1.8-2.8v 1.6v 1.8-2.8v 1.5-2v 1.3-1.6v 1.8-2v 1.3-1.7v

Voltage 5v 5v 5v 5v 3.3v 5v 5v 5v 5v 5v 3.3v 5v 3.3v 5v 5v 3.3-3.5v 1.8-2.8v 3.3v

32-bit

32-bit

32-bit

32-bit 32-bit 32-bit 32-bit 32-bit 32-bit 32-bit

Internal Register Size 16-bit 16-bit 16-bit 32-bit 32-bit 32-bit 32-bit 32-bit 32-bit 32-bit 32-bit 32-bit 32-bit 32-bit 32-bit 32-bit 32-bit 32-bit

Intel Processor Specifications

64-bit

64-bit

64-bit

64-bit 64-bit 64-bit 64-bit 64-bit 64-bit 64-bit

Data Bus Width 8-bit 16-bit 16-bit 16-bit 16-bit 32-bit 32-bit 32-bit 32-bit 32-bit 32-bit 32-bit 32-bit 32-bit 64-bit 64-bit 64-bit 64-bit

64GB

64GB

64GB

64GB 64GB 64GB 64GB 64GB 64GB 64GB

Max Memory 1MB 1MB 16MB 16MB 16MB 4GB 4GB 4GB 4GB 4GB 4GB 4GB 4GB 4GB 4GB 4GB 4GB 64GB

2x16KB

2x16KB

2x16KB

2x16KB 2x16KB 2x16KB 2x16KB 2x16KB 2x16KB 2x16KB

L1 Cache 0KB 1 8KB 8KB 8KB 8KB 8KB 8KB 16KB 2x16KB 2x8KB 2x8KB 2x16KB 2x8KB

WB

WB

WB

WB WB WB WB WB WB WB

L1 Cache Type WT WT WT WT WT WT WT WT WB WB WB WB WB

2MB

L2 Cache 256KB 512KB 1MB 512KB 256KB 0KB 128KB 128KB 256KB 512KB 1MB 2MB 512KB 1MB 2MB 512KB 1MB 2MB 256KB 1MB Yes

Yes

Core3

Yes

Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Integral FPU Yes Yes Opt Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Core

Core

1/2Core Core3 Core3 Core3 1/2Core Core3

L2 Cache Speed Bus Bus Bus Bus Bus Bus Bus Bus Bus Bus Bus Bus Bus Bus Core

SSE

SSE

MMX

MMX MMX MMX MMX SSE SSE SSE

Multimedia Instructions MMX -

140M

28.1M 84M

9.5M

7.5M

7.5M 27.4M 7.5M 19M 28.1M 9.5M 28.1M

No. of Tsransistors 29,000 29,000 134,000 275,000 855,000 275,000 1.185M 1.185M 1.2M 1.2M 1.4M 1.2M 1.6M 3.1M 3.1M 3.3M 4.5M 5.5M

Oct'99 May2000

Mar'99

Apr'98

May'97 Jan'99 Apr'98 Aug'98 Feb'2000 Feb'99 Oct'99

Date Introduced Jun'79 Jun'78 Feb'82 Jun'88 Oct'90 Oct'85 Apr'91 Apr'94 Apr'91 Apr'89 Nov'92 Mar'92 Feb'94 Jan'95 Mar'93 Oct'94 Jan'97 Nov'95

165 PC Hardware, Maintenance & Upgrading

2x

3.4x

Nexgen Nx586

IDT Winchip

32-bit

32-bit

Z,m; (3) 64-bit

64-bit

64-bit

64-bit

64-bit

64-bit

64-bit

64-bit

64-bit

64-bit

64-bit

64-bit

64-bit

64-bit

Max

L1

4GB

4GB

4GB

4GB

4GB

4GB

4GB

8TB

8TB

8TB

4GB

4GB

4GB

4GB

Type

WB

WB

WB

2x8KB

WB

2x32KB WB

2x32KB WB

2x16KB WB

64KB

64KB

16KB

2x64KB WB

2x64KB WB

2x64KB WB

2x32KB WB

2x32KB WB

2x32KB WB

Cache

L2

Bus

Bus

Bus

Bus Bus

-

-

-

-

Bus

Yes

Yes Yes

Bus

Yes

Yes

Yes

Core3

Bus

256KB Core3

-

-

Yes

Yes

Core

Yes

64KB 256KB Core3

1/2-1/3CoreYes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

FPU

21.3M

9.3M

8.8M

4.3M

MMX

3DNow

MMX

-

3DNow

MMX

-

3.6M

5.9M

5.4M

3.5M

22M

6.5M

3M

Ench.3DNow 37M

Ench.3DNow 25M

Ench.3DNow 22M

3DNow

3DNow

MMX

-

Instructions Tsransistors

Integral Multimedia No. of

3

512KB

256KB Core

-

-

-

Cache Speed

Cache L2

16+8KB WB

Memory Cache

L1

Oct'98

Sep'98

Oct'97

Mar'94

Feb'2000

May'97

Feb'96

Jun'2000

Jun'2000

Jun'99

Feb'99

May'98

Apr'97

Mar'96

Date

FPU = Floating Point Unit (internal math coprocessor) WT = Write - Through Cache (caches read only) WB = Write-Back cahce (caches both reads and writes) Bus = Processor external bus speed (motherboard speed) Core = Processor internal core speed (CPU speed) MMX = Multimedia extensions, 57 additional instructions for graphics and sound processing 3DNow = MMX plus 21 additional instructions for graphics and sound processing Enh.3DNow= 3DNow plus 24 additional instructions for graphics and sound processing SSE = Streaming SIMD (Single Instruction Multiple Data) Extensions, MMX plus 70 additional instructions for graphics and sound processing 1 = The 386SL contains an Itegral-cache controller, but the cache memory must be provided outside the chip. 2 = Intel later marketed SL Enhance version of the SX, DX, and DX2 processors.These processors were available in both 5 v and 3.3 v versions and included power-management capabilities. 3 = On-die integrated L2 cache-runs at full-core speed. 4 = 128 KB functional L2 cache (265 KB total, 128 KB disabled), use same die as Pentium 333 E.

32-bit

2.8v

Rise mP6

2-3.5x

3.3-3.5v 32-bit

IDT Winchip2/2a 2.33-4x

3.3-3.5v 32-bit

4v

2.2v

2.5-7x

32-bit

2.5-3.5v 32-bit

Cyrix III

2x

Cyrix 6x86

2.5-3.5v 32-bit

1.5-1.8v 32-bit

1.6-1.8v 32-bit

2.9v

5-10x

AMD-Athlon 4

32-bit

2.2-3.2v 32-bit

Cyrix 6x86MX/MII 2.3-5x

5-10x

AMD-Duron

2.2-2.4v 32-bit

4.5x

5-10x

3.5-5x

AMD-K6-2

AMD-K6-3

2.2-2.4v 32-bit

2.5-4.5x

AMD K6

AMD-Athlon

1.5-1.75x 3.5v

AMD K5

Width

Register Bus Voltage Size

CPU

Clock

Processor

Introduced

Internal Data

Intel Compatible Processors

166 165 PC Hardware, Maintenance & Upgrading

167 (Z)

PC Hardware, Maintenance & Upgrading

P II / P!!! Xeon Processor rsm;onf L2 Cache yg0ifrI 1024 KB rS 2048 KB xd &SdEdkifojzifh Performance ydkrdkaumif;rGefNyD; Server rsm;wGiftusKd;jyK

Edkifonf/ Chipset 4/ Motherboard wpfck\pGrf;aqmifEkdifrIukd t"ducsKyfukdifaom Chip rSm Chipset jzpfyg onf/ Chipset rsm;ukd CPU, Main Memory, AGP (Accelerated Graphic Port) ESifh Slot rsm;tm;xdef;csKyfonfh North Bridge ESifh Hard Disk Controller, USB wkdYukdxdef;csKyfonfh South Bridge [lí½Sdygonf/ Intel Chipset, SIS Chipset, ALi Chipset, UMC Chipset, VIA Chipset ponfjzifhawGU&SdEdkifygonf/ Intel Chipset rsm;\ pGrf;aqmifekdifrIESifh pufrIqkdif&m

t&nftaoG;rsm;ukd Z,m;rsm;jzifh EIdif;,SOfavhvmEkdifygonf/ 5/

Z,m; (u) ( c) ( *) (C) ( i)

( p) (q) ( Z) ( ps) (n)

(4)ESifh(5)wdkYudkavhvmjcif;jzifh atmufaz:jyygtcsufrsm;ukd awGU½SdEkdifygonfChipset ukdMunfhí Motherboard wpfck\pGrf;aqmifEkdifrIukd cefYrSef;Ekdifygonf/ Chipset ay:rlwnfí Mother Board Speed uGmjcm;onf/ Chipset ay:rl w nf í trsm;qk H ; wyf q if E k d i f o nf h t"d u rS w f O mPf y rmP Memory Bank ta&twGufuGmjcm;onf/ Chipset ay:rlwnfíwyfqifEkdifaom CPU ta&twGufuGmjcm;onf/ 440GX, 440 NX Chipset rsm;onf SMP [kac:aom CPU ta&twGuf 2ck (odkY) 4ckxd wyfqifvkyfaqmifEdkifonfhtwGuf Server rsm;wGif tokH;jyK Ekdifonf/ Chipset ay:rlwnfíwyfqifEkdifaom CPU trsdK;tpm;uGmjcm;onf/ Chipset ay:rlwnfí BUS Speed uGmjcm;onf/ Chipset ay:rlwnfí wyfqifEkdifaom Memory Type (FPM, EDO, SDRAM, RDRAM) uGmjcm;onf/ Chipset ay:rlwnfí UDMA 33 / UDMA 66/ UDMA 100 Hard Disk wyfqiftvkyfvkyfEdkifjcif;wdkY uGmjcm;ygonf/ Chipset ay:rlwnfí AGP Support(1X/ 2X/ 4X) vkyfEdkifjcif;? rvkyfEdkifjcif; uGmjcm;ygonf/

PC Hardware, Maintenance & Upgrading

168

Celeron and Pentium II/III Motherboard Chipsets (North Bridge) Chipset 440FX 440LX 440EX 440BX Codename Date Introduced Port Number

Natoma May 1996 82441 FX 82442 FX Bus Speed 66 MHz Optimum Processor Pentium II SMP (dual CPUs) Yes Memory Types FPM/EDO/BEDO Parity/ECC Both Maximum Memory 1 GB

none Aug 1997 82443 LX

none Apr 1998 82443 EX

none Apr 1999 82443 BX

66 MHz Celeron No EDO/SDRAM Neither 256 MB

66/100 MHz Pentium II/III, Celeron Yes SDRAM Both 1 GB

Memory Banks PCI Support AGP Support South Bridge

4 2.1 No 82371AB(PIIX4)

66 MHz Pentium II Yes FPM/EDO/SDRAM Both 1 GB EDO/ 512 MB SDRAM 4 2.1 AGP-2x 82371EB(PIIX4E)

2 2.1 AGP-2x 82371EB(PIIX3)

4 2.1 AGP-2x 82371SB(PIIX4E)

Chipset

440GX

450NX

440ZX

810

Codename Date Introduced Port Number

none Jun 1998 82443 GX

none Jun 1998 82451 NX 82452 NX 82453 NX 82454 NX 100 MHz Pentium II/III Xeon Yes, up to 4 FPM/EDO Both 8 GB 4 2.1 No 82371EB (PIIX4E)

none Nov 1998 82443 ZX

Whitney Apr 1999 82810/ 82810-DC100 82802 AB/AC

66/100 MHz* Celeron, Pentium II/III No SDRAM Neither 256 MB 2 2.1 AGP-2x 82371EB (PIIX4E)

66/100 MHz Celeron, Pentium II/III No SDRAM Neither 256 MB 2 2.2 Direct AGP 2801AA/AB (ICH/ICH0)

Bus Speed 100 MHz Optimum Processor Pentium II/III, Xeon SMP (dual CPUs) Yes Memory Types SDRAM Parity/ECC Both Maximum Memory 2 GB Memory Banks 4 PCI Support 2.1 AGP Support AGP-2x South Bridge 82371EB (PIIX4E)

SMP = Symmetric Multiprocessing (Dual Processors ) FPM = Fast Page Mode EDO = Extended Data Out BEDO = Burst EDO SDRAM = Synchronous Dynamic RAM Pburst = Pipeline Burst ( Synchronous )

PCI = Peripheral Component Interconnect AGP = Accelerated Graphics Port SIO = System I/O PIIX = PCI ISA IDE Xcelerator ICH = I/O Controller Hub

Z,m; (4)

169

PC Hardware, Maintenance & Upgrading

Intel South Bridge Chips Chip Name SIO

PIIX

PIIX3

PIIX4

PIIX4E

ICHO

ICH

Port Number IDE Support USB Support CMOS/Clock Power Management

82371FB BMIDE None No SMM

82371SB BMIDE Yes No SMM

82371AB UDMA-33 Yes Yes SMM

82371EB UDMA-33 Yes Yes SMM/ ACPI

82801AB UDMA-33 Yes Yes SMM/ ACPI

82801AA UDMA-66 Yes Yes SMM/ ACPI

82378IB/ZB None None No SMM

SIO = System I/O BMIDE = Bus Master IDE PIIX = PCI ISA IDE Xcelerator UDMA = Ultra-DMA IDE ICH = I/O Controller Hub SMM = System Management Mode USB = Universal Serial Bus ACPI = Advanced Configuration and Power Interface IDE = Integrated Drive Electronics (AT Attachment)

Z,m; (5) Mother Board Upgrading 6/ Chipset ay:rlwnfí Mother Board Speed ? Memory Bus Speed uGmjcm;onfh twGuf Mother Board wGif wyfqif&rnfh t"durSwOf mPf (Main Memory) \tjrefEeI ;f rsm; onfvnf; Mother Board Speed ?Memory Bus Speed ESihf udu k n f &D efvt kd yfygonf/ odjYk zpfí Mother Board udk Upgrade jyKvkyf&mwGif topfwyfqifrnfh Mother Board rSvufcHonfh Memory trsKd;tpm;(FPM / EDO / SDRAM / RDRAM) ESifh Memory Speed (PC 66 MHz / PC 100 MHz / PC 133 MHz) wdkYudkudkufnDatmifa½G;cs,f&rnf jzpfygonf/Z,m;(7) Processor Sockets / Slots 7/ CPU udk Socket wGifvnf;aumif;? tcsKdU SEC Type CPU rsm;udk Slot wGif vnf;aumif; wyfqif&rnfjzpfygonf/ odkYjzpf&m CPU Upgrade jyKvkyf&mü Motherboard ay:½Sd Socket eHygwfuMdk unfjh cif;jzifh rnfo f nfh CPU jzifh Upgrade vkyEf idk af Mumif; od½EdS idk yf gonf/ qkdvkdonfrSm Socket 7 Motherboard ay:wGif Slot 1, PGA 370, Slot 2 Processor rsm;jzifh Upgrade rjyKvkyfEkdifyg/ tu,fí Upgrade jyKvkyfvkdygu CPU omru Motherboard ukdyg Upgrade jyKvkyf&ygrnf/ (Memory ukdvnf; Motherboard \tjrefEIef;ESifhukdufnDaom Memory jzifh Upgrade jyKvkyf&ygrnf/) CPU Socket rsm;\pufrIqdkif&mtcsuftvufrsm;udk

Z,m;(6)wGifawGUEdkifygonf/

PC Hardware, Maintenance & Upgrading

166 170

Intel 486/Pentium CPU Socket Type and Specifications Socket Pins Pin Layout Voltage Supported Processors Number Socket 1 Socket 2

169 238

17x17 PGA 19x19 PGA

5v 5v

Socket 3

237

19x19 PGA

5v/3.3v

Socket 4 Socket 5 Socket 6** Socket 7

273 320 235 321

21x21 PGA 37x37 SPGA 19x19 PGA 37x37 SPGA

5v 3.3v/3.5v 3.3v VRM

Socket 8 PGA370 Slot 1 Slot 2

387 370 242 330

dual pattern SPGA 37x37 SPGA Slot Slot

Auto VRM Auto VRM Auto VRM Auto VRM

PGA = Pin Grid Array

486 SX/SX2, DX/DX2*, DX4 Overdrive 486 SX/SX2, DX/DX2*, DX4 Overdrive, 486 Pentium Overdrive 486 SX/SX2, DX/DX2, DX4, 486 Pentium Overdrive, AMD 5x86 Pentium 60/66, Overdrive Pentium 75-133, Overdrive 486 DX4, 486 Pentium Overdrive Pentium 75-233+, MMX, Overdrive, AMD K5/K6, Cyrix MI/II Pentium Pro Celeron Pentium II/III, Celeron Pentium II/III, Xeon

SPGA = Staggered Pin Grid Array VRM = Voltage Regulator Module

Z,m; (6) CPU Type Pentium Pentium Pentium Pentium Pentium Pentium Pentium Pentium Pentium/PenitumPro/MMX Pentium/PenitumPro Pentium/PenitumPro/MMX Pentium-MMX/Pentium II Pentium-MMX(Mobile)/ Pentium II/Celeron Pentium II/Celeron Pentium II/Celeron Pentium II/Celeron Celeron Celeron Celeron Celeron Celeron Celeron Celeron Celeron

CPU Speed (MHz)

CPU Clock Multiplier

Mainboard Speed (MHz)

60 60 75 90 100 120 133 150 166 180 200 233 266

1x 1x 1.5x 1.5x 1.5x 2x 2x 2.5x 2.5x 3x 3x 3.5x 4x

60 66 50 60 66 60 66 60 66 60 66 66 66

300 333 366 400 433 466 500 533 566 600 633

4.5x 5x 5.5x 6x 6.5x 7x 7.5x 8x 8.5x 9x 9.5x

66 66 66 66 66 66 66 66 66 66 66

CPU Type Celeron Pentium II Pentium II/Xeon Pentium II/III/Xeon Pentium III/Xeon Pentium III/Xeon Pentium III/Xeon Pentium III/Xeon Pentium III/Xeon Pentium III/Xeon Pentium III/Xeon Pentium III/Xeon Pentium III/Xeon Pentium III/Xeon Pentium III/Xeon Pentium III/Xeon Pentium III/Xeon Pentium III/Xeon Pentium III/Xeon Pentium III/Xeon Pentium III/Xeon Pentium III/Xeon Pentium III/Xeon Pentium III/Xeon Pentium III/Xeon

Z,m; (7)

CPU Speed (MHz) 667 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 533 600 667 733 800 866 933 1000 1066 1133 1200 1266 1333

CPU Clock Multiplier

Mainboard Speed (MHz)

10x 3.5x 4x 4.5x 5x 5.5x 6x 6.5x 7x 7.5x 8x 8.5x 4x 4.5x 5x 5.5x 6x 6.5x 7x 7.5x 8x 8.5x 9x 9.5x 10x

66 66 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 133 133 133 133 133 133 133 133 133 133 133 133 133

171

PC Hardware, Maintenance & Upgrading

Five Ways to Faster PCs (PC rsm;tm; ykdrkdvsifjrefpGmpGrf;aqmifEkdifa&;twGuf enf;vrf;(5)rsdK;) 8/ PC rsm;tm; ykdrkdvsifjrefpGm pGrf;aqmifEkdifa&;twGuf atmufaz:jyygenf;vrf;(5)rsdK;jzifh Upgrade jyKvkyfaqmif&GufEkdifygonf2 CPUESifh L2 Cahce (BackSide

Bus)

qufo, G rf v I rf;aMumif; oD;jcm;xm;½Sdjcif;/ Backside bus

1 CPU \System I/O Bus speed tm; 66 MHz rS 100 ~133~200 MHz xd

CPU I/O BUS

L2 cache (old)

Accelerated Graphic Port

5 PCI Graphic Controller tpm; Acce-

3 Main Memory Speed ukdjrefqefap&eftwGuf

PCI Bus

lerated Graphic Port

uk d tok H ; jyKjcif ; jzif h Graphic Speed uk d jrefqefapjcif; yHk (3)

rS w f c suf /

SDRAM, RDRAM Graphics Controller (old)

PCI device

PCI Device

wkjYdzift h pm;xk;d jyKvyk af pjcif;

4 PCI BUS Width ukd 32-bit 64-bit ok¤Yd if;? Speed ukd 33 MHz rS 66 MHz xd¤if; ESpfqwifjcif;jzifh Speed jrefqefapjcif;

P6, PII, PIII Motherboard Design rsm;onf txufygtcsuf(5)csufESifh ukdufnDatmif Design jyKvkyfxm;ojzifh ¤if;Motherboard rsm;ukd tokH;jyKjcif; jzifh Performance ydkrdkaumif;rGefvmygonf/

172

PC Hardware, Maintenance & Upgrading

Two Buses are Better than One ( BUS vrf ; aMumif ; ES p f c k o k H ; Motherboard rsm;onf BUS vrf ; aMumif ; wpf c k o k H ; Motherboard rsm;xuf y k d r k d p G r f ; aqmif E k d i f j cif ; ) 9/ P6, PII, PIII Motherboard Design rsm;onf ,cif Motherboard Design rsm;xuf

ykdrkdpGrf;aqmifEkdifaMumif; atmufaz:jyygykHrsm;jzifh EIdif;,SOfavhvmEkdifygonfIntel’s Socket 8 and SEC Slot 1

Private backside bus (64 bits wide)

Socket 7

CPU I/O bus (64 bits wide)

CPU I/O bus (64 bits wide)

PCI bus

PCI device

PCI bus

PCI device PCI device

PCI device

PCI device PCI device

Socket 8 and Slot 1 have two independent 64-bit buses, improving cache access bandwidth over Socket 7.

yHk (4) 10/

Socket 370, Socket 8, Slot 1, Slot 2 okH; Motherboard rsm;onf DIB (DualIndependence Bus Architecture) ukd tokH;jyKxm;ojzifh L2 Cache ESifh Main Memory ukd wpfNydKifwnf; Access vkyfEkdifonf/ okdYjzpfí ,cif Pentium ESifh Pentium xufedrfhaom Motherboard rsm;xuf ykdrkdpGrf;aqmifEkdifygonf/

173

PC Hardware, Maintenance & Upgrading

Conventional Graphics Architecture 11/ Pentium Mother Board Design rsm;wGif Graphic Card tjzpf PCI trsKd;tpm;udk toHk;jyKí PCI Slot wGif wyfqifvkyfaqmifjcif;aMumifh PCI Bus \ Data Transfer Rate

om tvkyfvkyfEdkifonfhtjyif atmufygyHktwdkif; tm;enf;csufrsm;udk awGU&Sd&ygonf/

Graphic Controller rSvmaom PCI Memory Request rsm;udk Chipset rS vufcHrxm;Ekdifyg/

3-D Program rsm; onfh 3-D Texture rsm;udF k rame Buffer wnfaqmufí Main Memory twG i f ; ü okdavSmifonf/

PCI rS Data yk d Y v T w f EI e f ; onf One Cycle wG i f w pf B ud r f o myk d Y v T w f Ek d i f j cif ; aMumif h yk d Y v T w f r I tjrefEIef;enf;aponf/ Graphic Controller \Memory wGif Frame Buffer wnf aqmufjyD; ¤if; twGif;ü Main Memory wGif ½S d N yD ; jzpf a om 3-D Texture rsm;ukd xyfrH í od r f ; qnf ; xm;&o jzifhMemory okH;pGJrI rsm;onf/

yHk (5)

PCI Graphic Card onftjcm; PCI Device rsm;ESifh PCI Bus ukd rQa0okH;pGJ &onf h t wG u f a Mumif h Bandwidth uefYowfcsufukdjzpfaponf/

Yd w T o f nfEh eI ;f ) 12/ PCI Graphic Card tok;H jyKjcif;aMumifh Graphic qkid &f mtjrefEeI ;f (Data ykv aES;onfh jyóemukd jzpfay:apygonf/ ,if;jyóemukd ajz½Sif;&ef AGP Card, AGP Slot tok;H jyKoifyh gonf/ Pentium ESi¤hf if;xuferd ahf om Motherboard rsm;wGif Chipset onf AGP uk d raqmif & G u f Ek d i f o jzif h AGP Chipset ygaom Motherboard rsm;jzif h Upgrade jyKvyk af qmif&u G f &efvt dk yfrnfjzpfonf/ tcsKUd AGP Set rsm;onf AGP 2x jzifo h mtvkyv f yk Ef idk f jyD;aemufqkH;ay: Motherboard Design rsm;onf AGP 4x jzifhtvkyfvkyfEkdifMuonf/ AGP \ pGrf;aqmifEkdifrIukd wpfzufwGif ½Sif;vif;az:jyxm;ygonf/

PC Hardware, Maintenance & Upgrading

174

How Accelerated Graphics Port Works 13/ AGP \pGrf;aqmifEdkifrIudk atmufygyHkjzifh awGUjrifedkifygonfAGP onf tjcm; Bus rsm;ESifh rQa0okH;pGJ &efrvkdbJ Chipset, Main Memory wk d Y E S i f h wk d u f ½ k d u f tvk y f v k y f E k d i f o nf / (Program ESifhTexture rsm;ukd Main Memory rS AGP okdYwkduf½kduf ay;ykdY Ekdifonf)/

CPU I/O Bus

Graphic Controller rSvmaom PCI Memory Request rsm;udk Chipset rS vuf c H o d r f ; qnf í tjrefqkH;tvkyfvkyfEkdifonf/

AGP Graphics Controller (old)

PCI Bus Graphic Controller \ Memory wGif Frame Buffer wnfaqmufNyD; ¤if;twGif;ü Main Memory ½Sd 3-D Texturersm;ukd xyfrHí odrf;qnf;&ef rvkdawmhbJ 3-D Dataukdom odrf;qnf; xm; ojzifh Memoryvkt d yfrI enf;onf/

PCI PCI PCI Device Device Device AGP \ Data ykdYvTwf EIef;onf One Cycle wGif ESpfBudrfykdYvTwfEkdifjcif;aMumifh tjrefEIef; (Band width) ukd ESpfq yHk (6) jrifhwufaponf/

3-D Program rsm; onf 3 -D Texture rsm; udk Frame Buffer wGif odrf;p&mrvkdawmhbJ Main Memory t wG i f ; vk d t yf o avmuf om okdavSmifonf/

14/ okdYjzpfí Main Memory ESifhqufoG,f&mü AGP onf PCI Bus xuf 4qykdrkdjrefqef aMumif; az:jyygZ,m;twkid ;f awG½Y &dS ojzifh Graphic qkid &f m? Animation qkid &f m? Video qkid &f m? Presentation rsm;ESifh Editing vkyfaqmifjcif;rsm;wGif AGP 2x, 4x Graphic Card wkdYukd okH;pGJoifhygonf/ PCI ESifh AGP Graphic Card wkdY\ tjrefEIef;EdIif;,SOfcsuf (AGP 2x onf PCI xuf av;qjrefjyD;? AGP 4x onf PCI xuf ½Spfqjrefonf) Bits per transfer Transfer per clock cycle Clock cycles per second Band Width

PCI 32 One 33.3Million 133 MByte/Sec

AGP 2x 32 Two 66.6 Million 533 MByte/Sec

175

PC Hardware, Maintenance & Upgrading

Upgrading jyKvkyf&eftwGuf tBuHjyKcsufrsm; 15/ uGefysLwm Hardware qdkif&mESifh Software qdkif&mwdkY\ wdk;wufajymif;vJrIonf tvGef

jrefqefonfhtwGufaMumifhvnf;aumif;? toHk;jyKolwdkY\ vdktyfcsufrsm;rSmvnf; waeYwjcm; wdk;wufvmonfhtwGufaMumifhvnf;aumif;? uGefysLwmpepftm; ydkrdkaumif;rGefa&;twGuf t&nftaoG;jr§ifhwifjcif; (Upgrading) udkvkyfaqmif&efvdktyfvmygonf/ Upgrading jyKvkyfjcif;twGuf atmufygtwdkif; pOf;pm;Edkif&ef tBuHjyKygonf/ (u) uGefysLwmtoHk;jyKonfh vkyfief;twGuf Software qdkif&m Upgrading jyKvkyf aqmif½Guf&ef vdk^rvdk/ Oyrm / Windows 98 rS Windows 2000 odkYajymif;vJ&ef vdk^rvdk/ Office 97 rS Office 2000 odkYajymif;vJ&ef vdk^rvdk/ ( c) Software qdik &f m Upgrading vkyaf qmif&mwGif Hardware qdik &f m Upgrading jyKvkyf&efudkyg xnfhoGif;pOf;pm;oifhonf/ ( *) Performance aumif;rGefa&;twGuf Memory (FPM / EDO / SDRAM) yrmP jr§ifhwifjcif;udk yxrOD;pm;ay;pOf;pm;&ef/ (C) Performance aumif ; rG e f a &;twG u f Hard Disk yrmPES i f h tjref E I e f ; jr§ifhwifa&;udk 'kwd,OD;pm;ay;pOf;pm;&ef/ ( i) Performance aumif;rGefa&;twGuf CPU (odkY) CPU ESifh Mother Board jr§ifhwifa&;udk wwd,OD;pm;ay;pOf;pm;&ef/ ( p) Mother Board jyKjyifajymif;vJ&mwGif Casing ESifh Power Supply trsKd;tpm; tm; AT (odkY) ATX Casing & Power Supply udk xnfhoGif;pOf;pm;&ef vdktyf ygonf/ (q) Graphic Performance jr§ifhwifa&;twGuf Graphic Card wGifyg&Sdaom Memory jr§ifhwifa&; (odkY) ydkrdkaumif;rGefaom Graphic Card jzifh tpm;xdk; aqmif½Gufa&;udk pOf;pm;&ef/ ( Z) tcsKdU Simulation qdkif&m Program rsm;? Game Program rsm;? Application Program rsm;udk Install jyKvkyfí toHk;jyK&ef? Hardware qdkif&m vdktyfcsuf? OS qdi k &f mvdt k yfcsurf sm;udk udu k n f aD tmifaqmif½u G af y;&ojzifh ,if; Program rsm;udk toHk;jyKvdkygu Hardware qdkif&m jyKjyifajymif;vJrI? Software qdkif&m jyKjyifajymif;vJrIrsm; vkyfaqmif&efvdktyfonf/ Oyrm / 3D Game rsm;twGuf owfrSwfVRAM yrmP&Sdaom3D Graphic Accelerator Card vdktyfygonf/

PC Hardware, Maintenance & Upgrading

176

Hard Disk Storage

16/ uGefysLwmpepfwpfckwGif tcsuftvufodkavSmif ypönf;wpfckjzpfonfh Hard Disk onf ta&;BuD;qHk;aomtpdwftydkif;rsm;wGif yg0ifonf/ Hard Disk \pufrIydkif;qdkif&mtvkyfvkyfyHk udk em;vnfjcif;jzifh rnfodkYrnfyHkBuHhcdkifatmif xdef;odrf;oifhonf? rnfonfhenf;vrf;rsm;jzifh xdef;odrf;a&; aqmif½Gufoifhonfudk od&SdEkdifrnfjzpfygonf/ 17/

Hard Disk wpfvHk;wGif atmufaz:jyyg Conponents rsm;yg0ifonf(u) Disk Platters ( c) Logic Board ( *) Read/Write Heads (C) Cable and Connector ( i) Head Actuator Mechanism ( p) Configuration Items (Jumper or Switches) (q) Spindle Motor

18/ Hard Disk onftvHkydwfxm;aom oHbl;i,fwpfckjzpfygonf/ 4if;oHbl;i,ftwGif; wGif&Sdaom ypönf;rsm;udk atmufaz:jyygyHktwdkif; awGU&SdEdkifygonf/

yHk (7)

177

PC Hardware, Maintenance & Upgrading

19/

txufygyHt k & Iron Oxide jzifh Coating vkyx f m;aom puf0ikd ;f yHk tvlreD , D rfjym;rsm;udk Shaft wpfckwGiftaowyfqifxm;NyD; Spindle Motor jzifhvnfywfapygonf/ (1 rdepfvQif tywfaygif; 5400? 7200? 10000 txd vnfywfEdkifonf)/ tcsuftvufrsm;udk Head jzifh ñdIUízwfygonf/ rsufESmjyifwpfzufwGif Head wpfckpD wyfqifxm;NyD; 4if; Head rsm;onf Fly Head Principle jzifh Platter \rsufESmjyifESifh 1 vufr\ tyHk 1 oef;yHkvQif 3 yHkcefY tuGmta0; (3 µ in) rSñdIUízwfonf/ 20/ ,if;odkY Head rSzwfaepOf (Hard Disk tvkyfvkyfaepOf? Hard Disk LED vif;aepOf) User rS Proper Shut Down rjyKvkyfojzifhvnf;aumif;? rD;ysufjcif; rD;tm;avsmhusjcif; ponfh Electrical Power Problem jzpfojzifhvnf;aumif;? vnfywfrI½kwfw&uf&yfwefYjcif;aMumifh yifhtm;&aeaom Head rSm yifhtm;r&awmhbJ Platter \rsufESmjyifESifhxdcdkufrdojzifh Head Crack jzpfum Data rsm;aysmufqHk;Edkifonfhtjyif Hard Disk rSmvnf; ysufpD;Edkifygonf/ 21/

rD;tm;jyóemrsm;aMumifhvnf;aumif;? oHk;pGJol\toHk;rjyKwwfrIaMumifhvnf;aumif; Head Crack jzpfEi kd o f uJo h Ykd Logic Card udv k nf; ysupf ;D cRw, f iG ;f Edik yf gonf/ odjYk zpfí vQypf pfr;D jyóemrsm;jzpfaom (Spike, Noise, Surge, Brown Out, Black Out) ponfwdkYudkyg umuG,fwm;qD;&ef vdktyfojzifY trsdK;tpm;aumif;rGefaom UPS ESifY Surge Protector rsm;udk tokH;jyK&ef vdktyfygonf/ owfrSwfcsufESifhudkufnDaom Ground System &dS&efESifh oHk;pGJolrS rSefuefpGm toHk;jyKwwf&efvnf; vdktyfygonf/ 22/ Hard Disk onf atmufaz:jyygyHkrsm;twdkif; puf0dkif;yHkvrf;aMumif; Tracks rsm;jzifh tcsuftvufrsm;udk Magnetic Sport rsm;tjzpfzefwD;í " 1, 0 " rsm;tjzpf odrf;qnf;ygonf/ Platter rsufESmjyifwdkif;wGif Track rsm;wnf&Sdav&m rsufESmjyifrsm;&Sd eHygwfwlnDaom Track rsm;udk pkpnf;jcif;jzifh Cylinder [kac:qdkEdkifygonf/ 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123

Head Arm

Spindle

Platter

Head

Cylinder

yHk (8)

PC Hardware, Maintenance & Upgrading

178

23/

Hard Disk wpfvHk;\tcsuftvuf odkavSmifEdkifrIyrmPudk Cylinder ta&twGuf? Head ta&twGu?f Sector ta&twGuaf y:wGif rlwnfí wGuc f suEf ikd yf g onf/ atmufaz:jyyg yH(k 9)onf Capacity rsm;rsm; odr;f qnf;Edik &f eftwGuf wpfvufrwGif &Sad om Track ta&twGuf udk wdk;íxm;&Sdjcif;? wpfvufrwGif&Sdaom 1, 0 ta&twGuf bit ta&twGufudk wdk;íxm;&Sdjcif; jzifh &&SdEdkifygonf/ þtcsufonf Platter tcsif;0ufcsif;wlaomfvnf; odrf;qnf;EdkifrIyrmP

enf;&jcif;? rsm;&jcif;\ t"dutcsufyifjzpfonf/ Tracks per Inch ( TPI )

Tracks per Inch ( TPI )

Bits per Inch (BPI)

Bits per Inch (BPI) Track Lower Bits Areal Density

Higher Areal Density

yHk (9) 24/ Hard Disk \ Platter Surface wGiaf tmufaz:jyyg yH(k 10)twdik ;f puf0ikd ;f yHv k rf; aMumif; (Track) ESifh Sector rsm;cGJí tcsuftvufrsm;odrf;qnf;onf/ Track

}

Sector

yHk (10)

179

PC Hardware, Maintenance & Upgrading

25/

Hard Disk \puf0dkif;ykHvrf;aMumif;rsm;wGif tjyiftusqHk; puf0dkif;yHkvrf;aMumif;udk Track 0 [kac:onf/ 4if; Track 0 onf Hard Disk \ta&;BuD;qHk;tpdwftydkif; (System Area) jzpf&m Track 0 Bad jzpfomG ;ygu tcsut f vufrsm; ysuq f ;D qH;k ½I;H Ny;D Hard Disk wpfcv k ;kH oHk;r&aom tajctaeodkY a&muf&SdoGm;rnfjzpfygonf/ tjyiftusqHk; Track rStwGif;bufodkY a&muf&SdoGm;onfESifh eHygwfydkBuD;vmrnf jzpfygonf/ (eg : Track 1024) Outer Track Middle Track

yHk (11) Inner Track

Cylinders

Outer Cylinder

MiddleCylinder

Inner Cylinder

yHk (12)

PC Hardware, Maintenance & Upgrading

180

Hard Disk Features 26/ Hard Disk wpfvHk;tm;a½G;cs,f&mü(u) Reliability (,HkMunfpdwfcs&rI) ( c) Capacity (odkavSmifEdkifrIyrmP) ( *) Interface Type (csdwfqufEdkifonfhpepf) (C) SMART (Self Monitoring And Reporting Technique) ( i) Head Technology (Head wnfaqmufxm;onfh enf;ynm) ( p) MTBF (oufwrf;umv) ( q) Shock Mounting (vIyf&Sm;rI'PfcHEdkif&ef txdef;rsm;) ( Z ) Speed (tjrefEIef;) ( ps) Cost (wefzdk;aiG) wdkYudkMunfhí a½G;cs,foifhygonf/

27/ Hard Disk wpfvHk;\oufwrf;udk MTBF (Mean Time Between Failure) jzifh wdkif;wm onf/ MTBF rSm 20000 rS 50000 em&D txufwGif&SdEdkifygonf/ (Oyrm/ MTBF t& em&D (5)aomif; &Sdaom Hard Disk wpfvHk;udk (1) &ufvQif (8) em&DMumtoHk;jyKygu (17)ESpfMumtoHk;jyKEdkifNyD; (24)em&DtjynfhtoHk;jyKrnfqdkygu (6)ESpfcefY toHk;jyKEdkifaMumif; wGucf sucf efrY eS ;f Edik yf gonf/) 4if;onf oDt&kd t D & oufwrf;yifjzpf&m wu,fvufawGUwGif tjcm; xdcdkufEdkifzG,f tajctaersm;udkyg xnfhoGif;pOf;pm;&rnf jzpfygonf/ 28/

Hard Disk udktoHk;jyKaepOf owdxm;&rnfhtcsufrsm;ESifhxdef;odrf;rIrsm;

(u) ( c) ( *)

(C) ( i)

uGeyf sLwmtm; rD;zGijhf cif;? rD;ydwjf cif;wdu Yk kd owfrw S cf suEf iS t hf nD vkyaf qmif&rnf/ Hard Disk rD;vif;aepOf (odkY) tvkyfvkyfaepOf rydwf&? rvIyf&Sm;&yg/ Hard Disk Utility , File System Utility Software rsm;toHk;jyK&mwGif ruRr;f usib f J toH;k rjyKoifyh g/ owdjyK&rnft h csurf sm;udk aocsmpGmzwf½NI y;D rSom oHk;oifhygonf/ (Data rsm;udktjcm; Media wpfckckwGif Backup jyKvkyfNyD;rSom oHk;pGJoifhygonf/) CMOS Setup &S d Hard Disk ES i f h y wf o uf a om tcsuf t vuf r sm;ud k jyKjyifajymif; vJrIjyKvkyf&mwGif owdjyKyg/ Hard Disk udo k ifah wmfaom Hard Disk Utility rsm;jzifh Scan Disk jyKvyk jf cif;? Defragment jyKvy k jf cif;rsm;jzifh yHrk eS x f ed ;f odr;f rI aqmif½u G af y;&ef vdt k yfygonf/ (Norton Utility jzpfygu Norton Disk Doctor jyKvkyfay;jcif;? Speed Disk jyKvkyfjcif;rsm;jzifh yHkrSefxdef;odrf;rI aqmif½Gufoifhygonf/)

181

PC Hardware, Maintenance & Upgrading

Floppy Disk Drives

29/ Flopy Disk Drives rsm;wGif a&;EdkifzwfEdkifaom Read / Write Head onfrsufESmjyif wpfzuftwGuf wpfckpD½Sdonf/ Floopy Drive wpfckwnfaqmufrIudk yHk (13) jzifhazmfjyxm; ygonf/ Floopy Drive onfwpfrdepfvQif tywfaygif; 300 ESifh 360 xdvnfywfEdkifonf/ Head ESihf Diskette \rsuE f mS jyifukd xdízwfjcif;aMumifh zHrk sm;aomae&mwGix f m;½Syd gu Diskette ESifh Head rsm;Mum;wGif zHkrsm;Mum;cHí yGwfwdkufrdum Diskette ESifh Head rsm;ysufpD;Edkifygonf/ Head Cleaning Disk jzifh Clean jyKvkyfí oefY½Sif;rIaqmif½GufEdkifaomfvnf; Cleaning Disk jzifh tBudrfBudrftoHk;jyK&efroifhyg/ 30/ Floppy Drive wpfckwGif wnfaqmufxm;aom tpdyftydkif;rsm;tm; atmufaz:jyyg yHk(13)wGif awGU&SdavhvmEdkifygonf/

yHk (13)

PC Hardware, Maintenance & Upgrading

182

Floppy Disk 31/ Floppy Disk wpfcsy\ f puf0ikd ;f yHv k rf;aMumif;ESihf Sector rsm; pdyyf ikd ;f xm;yHu k kd atmufyg

twdkif; awGU&dS&rnfjzpfygonf123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123

Head Arm

ó

Track 0, Sector 1 Track 0, Sector 9 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 Track 1, 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 Sector 1 Track 1, Sector 9 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 12345678901234567890123456789012123 12345678901234567890123456789012 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890

12345678901234567890123456789012123456 12345678901234567890123456789012123 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 12345678901234567890123456789012 Track 0, Sector 2123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 12345678901234567890123456789012123 12345678901234567890123456789012 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 12345678901234567890123456789 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 12345678901234567890123456789012123 12345678901234567890123456789012 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 12345678901234567890123456789

Platter

123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 12345678901234567890123456789012123 12345678901234567890123456789012 12345678901234567890123456789 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 1234567890123456789012345 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 12345678901234567890123456789012123 1234567890123456789012 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 12345678901234567890123456789012 12345678901234567890123456789 1234567890123456789012345 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123 1234567890123456789012 12345678901234567890123456789012 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 12345678901234567890123456789 1234567890123456789012345 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 1234567890123456789012 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123 12345678901234567890123456789012 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 12345678901234567890123456789 1234567890123456789012345 1234567890123456789 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 12345678901234567890123456789012123 1234567890123456789012 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 12345678901234567890123456789012 12345678901234567890123456789 1234567890123456789012345 1234567890123456789 123456789012345 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 12345678901234567890123456789012123 1234567890123456789012 12345678901234567890123456789012 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 12345678901234567890123456789 1234567890123456789012345 1234567890123456789 123456789012345 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 1234567890123456789012 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123 12345678901234567890123456789012 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 12345678901234567890123456789 1234567890123456789 1234567890123456789012345 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 123456789012345 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 1234567890123456789012 12345678901234567890123456789012123 12345678901234567890123456789012 12345678901234567890123456789 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 1234567890123456789012345 1234567890123456789 123456789012345 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 1234567890123456789012 12345678901234567890123456789012123 12345678901234567890123456789012 12345678901234567890123456789 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 1234567890123456789 1234567890123456789012345 123456789012345 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 12345678901234567890123456789012123 1234567890123456789012 12345678901234567890123456789012 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 12345678901234567890123456789 1234567890123456789012345 1234567890123456789 123456789012345 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 1234567890123456789012 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123 12345678901234567890123456789012 12345 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 12345678901234567890123456789 1234567890123456789012345 1234567890123456789 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 1234567890123456789012 123456789012345 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123 12345678901234567890123456789012 12345 12345678901234567890123456789 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 1234567890123456789012345 1234567890123456789 123456789012345 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 1234567890123456789012 12345678901234567890123456789012123 12345678901234567890123456789012 12345678901234567890123456789 12345 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 1234567890123456789 1234567890123456789012345 123456789012345 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 12345678901234567890123456789012123 1234567890123456789012 12345678901234567890123456789012 12345 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 12345678901234567890123456789 1234567890123456789 1234567890123456789012345 123456789012345 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 1234567890123456789012 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123 12345678901234567890123456789012 12345 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 12345678901234567890123456789 1234567890123456789012345 1234567890123456789 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 1234567890123456789012 123456789012345 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123 12345678901234567890123456789012 12345678901234567890123456789 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 1234567890123456789012345 1234567890123456789 123456789012345 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 1234567890123456789012 12345678901234567890123456789012123 12345678901234567890123456789012 12345678901234567890123456789 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 1234567890123456789 1234567890123456789012345 123456789012345 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 12345678901234567890123456789012123 1234567890123456789012 12345678901234567890123456789012 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 12345678901234567890123456789 1234567890123456789 1234567890123456789012345 123456789012345 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 1234567890123456789012 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123 12345678901234567890123456789012 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 12345678901234567890123456789 1234567890123456789012345 1234567890123456789 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 1234567890123456789012 123456789012345 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123 12345678901234567890123456789012 12345678901234567890123456789 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 1234567890123456789012345 1234567890123456789 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 1234567890123456789012 12345678901234567890123456789012123 12345678901234567890123456789012 12345678901234567890123456789 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 1234567890123456789 1234567890123456789012345 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 12345678901234567890123456789012123 1234567890123456789012 12345678901234567890123456789012 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 12345678901234567890123456789 1234567890123456789 1234567890123456789012345 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 1234567890123456789012 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123 12345678901234567890123456789012 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 12345678901234567890123456789 1234567890123456789012345 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123 12345678901234567890123456789012 12345678901234567890123456789 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 1234567890123456789012345 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 12345678901234567890123456789012123 12345678901234567890123456789012 12345678901234567890123456789 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 1234567890123456789012345 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 12345678901234567890123456789012123 12345678901234567890123456789012 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 12345678901234567890123456789 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123 12345678901234567890123456789012 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 12345678901234567890123456789 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123 12345678901234567890123456789012 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 12345678901234567890123456789012123 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123

Head

Floppy Disk ESifh Head vIyf&Sm;rI

yHk (14)

yHk (15)

<

Floppy Disk \puf0dkif;yHkvrf;aMumif;ESifhSector rsm; Write Protect Notch

twGif;&Sd 3½ Diskette

yHk (16)

5¼" Diskette

3½" Diskette

Floppy Disk tm; a&;^zwfonfh Head

yHk (18)

yHk (17)

183

PC Hardware, Maintenance & Upgrading

32/

Floopy Disk rsm;udk Plastic Material jzifhjyKvkyfxm;onf/ puf0dkif;yHkvrf;aMumif;rsm; Sector rsm;cGJí tcsuftvufrsm; udkodrf;qnf;ygonf/ 5¼ ESifh 3½ Floopy Disk wdkY\

odrf;qnf;EdkifrIyrmPrsm;udk atmufygZ,m;rsm;twdkif;awGY½SdEdkifygonfDiskette on its Capacity For 5¼" 1. Single Sided Double Density (SSDD) 2. Double Sided Double Density (DSDD) 3. Double Sided High Density (DSHD) For 3½" 1. Double Sided Double Density (DSDD) 2. Double Sided Quad Density (DSQD) 3. Double Sided High Density (DSHD)

Track Sector Byte/Sector Total 40 x 8 x 512 = 160 KB 40 x 9 x 512 = 180 KB (40 x 9 x 512) x 2 = 360 KB (80 x

15

x

512) x 2 = 1.2 MB

Track Sector Byte/Sector Total (80 x 9 x 512) x 2 = 720 KB (80 x

18

x

512) x 2 = 1.44 MB

(80 x

36

x

512) x 2 = 2.88 MB

Z,m; (8) 33/ Floppy Disk & Drive ud k t oH k ; jyKaepOf o wd j yKxd e f ; od r f ; &rnf h t csuf r sm;/ atmufygtcsufrsm;udk owdjyKvkyfaqmif&ygrnf(u) jyifyrS Diskette rsm;toH;k jyKrnfqykd gu Virus &S^d r&Sd ppfaq;Ny;D rStoH;k jyK&rnf/ ( c) zkefwufaeaom? rIdwufaeaom? ysufpD;aeom Diskette rsm;tm; toHkrjyK&yg/ ( *) Diskette \rsufESmjyiftm; vufjzifhudkifwG,fjcif; rjyKvkyf&yg/ (C) Diskette rsm;tm; oHvu kd pf ufuiG ;f &Sad om? tylrsm;aom ae&mrsm;wGif rxm;&yg/ ( i) Floppy Drive zwfaepOf Diskette tm;txkwftoGif;rjyKvkyf&yg/ ( p) Diskette tm;ajymif;jyefrxnfhrdap&ef owdjyK&rnf/ (q) Floppy Drive \ Head wGifzkefwufjcif;? rIduyfjcif;rsm;jzpfay:í zwfr&ygu Cleaning Disk jzifh Cleaning vkyfay;&ef vdktyfygonf/ odkYaomf Cleaning Disk jzifh tBudrfBudrfjyKvkyfygu Head ysufpD;Edkifygonf/ ( Z) uGefysLwmtm; jyifyodkYo,faqmif&mwGif Floppy Drive twGif; Diskette xnfhvQuf o,faqmifjcif; rjyKvkyf&yg/

PC Hardware, Maintenance & Upgrading

184

CD-ROM (Compact Disk Read Only Memory) 34/ ,cktcg CD-ROM Drive rsm;onf PC rsm;wGif Standard Equipment tjzpfyg&Sv d m ygonf/ CD-ROM (Compact Disk Read Only Memory) onf Optical Storage Medium wpfcjk zpfNy;D 682 Milliom Byte or 650 MB udzk wf½o kH ufoufom toH;k jyKEikd yf gonf/ ,cktcg Plane CD ay:ü Record vk y f u mod r f ; qnf ; Ed k i f a om CD-R Drive rsm;ay:vmNyD ; t*Fvyd t f u©&m rsm;jzif½h u kd Ef ySd o f rd ;f qnf;ygu Text pmrsuEf mS 333,000 Pages eD;yg; (odrYk [kw)f t&nf t aoG ; aumif ; rG e f a om toH u d k o d r f ; qnf ; ygu 74 Minutes pmud k o d r f ; qnf ; xm;Edkifygonf/ wpfpuúefY twGuf Block wpfckvQif 2048 Byte ygaom Block aygif; 75

ckyg&Sdonf/

yHk (19) 35/ CD-ROM Drive wpfcktwGif; yg&Sdaomtpdyftydkif;rsm;udk atmufaz:jyygyHktwdkif; awGU&SdEdkifygonf/

yHk (20)

185 36/

PC Hardware, Maintenance & Upgrading

CD-ROM Drive wpfck\tvkyfvkyfyHk

(u) ( c)

( *)

(C)

( i)

( p)

avqma&mifjcnfxkwfvTwfjcif;/avqm'dkiftkyfonf Energy tenf;i,fom &Sdaom Infrared tvif;a&mifwef;ufk rSefjym;ay:odkYxkwfvTwfonf/ Servo Motor rScsdefn§djcif;/ Servo Motor onf Microprocessor rS ydv Yk w T f aom ñTefMum;csuftwdkif; vkyfaqmifNyD; tvif;a&mifwef;\ taetxm;udk CD-ROM ay:&Sd vrf;aMumif;ay:odkY a&muf&Sdatmif rSefjym;rsm;udk a½GUvsm; apjcif;jzifh csdefñd§yg onf/ avqm"gwfjym;ufkxd½dkufrdjcif;? tvif;jyefjcif;ESifhpkpkHapjcif;/tvif;a&mif wef;onf avqmDisk zefjym;udk xd½dkufrdNyD;aemuf tvif;jyefrI jzpfapygonf/ jyefvmaom tvif;a&mifwef;udk jyefvnfpkpnf;&eftwGuf rSefbDvl;wGif jzwfoef;aponf/ xdkYaemuf rSefjym;rsm;udkjzwfí tvif;a&mifwef;udk cGJxkwf onfh Beam Spliter odkYydkYvTwfygonf/ jyefvmaomavqma&mifjcnfwef;ukd pkqkHapjcif;/ Beam Splitter onf jyef v maoma&mif j cnf w ef ; uk d pk q k H r I a umif ; ap&ef t wG u f pk q k H r S e f b D v l ; aemufwpfckokdY ykdYvTwfonf/ tvif;a&miftcsufjyrsm;ukdvQyfppftcsufjyrsm;tjzpfajymif;jcif;/ aemufqkH; tqifhwGif avqma&mifjcnfwef;ukd Photo detecotr okdY ay;ykdYonfh Photo detector onf tvif;a&mifudk jywfawmif;jywfawmif; vQyp f pfvidI ;f tcsujf yrsm; tjzpfokdYajymif;ay;onf/ CD Drive wGif Microprocessor rS Process jyKvkyfjcif;/ Microprocessor onf¤if;xHokdY 0ifvmaom impulse rsm;ukd uGefysLwmokdY datarsm; tjzpfykdYvTwfygonf/

PC Hardware, Maintenance & Upgrading

186

MultiBeam Technology 37/ jrefqefaom CD-ROM Drive rsm;ESifh DVD (Digital Video Disk) wdkYonf wpfBudrf wGif puf0ikd ;f yHv k rf;aMumif;wpfco k m or½k;d uszwfonfeh nf;ynmrS Track rsm;pGmudk wpfBurd w f nf; ESifh jrefqefpGmzwfEdkifonfh Multi Beam / True X Technology udk Zer Research ukrÜPDrS

wDxGifcJhygonf/ atmufaz:jyygyHkonf puf0dkif;yHkvrf;aMumif; (7)ckudk avqma&mifjcnfrsm;jzifh wpfNydKifwnf;zwf&ef rnfodkYvkyfaqmifonfudk &Sif;vif;jyoxm;aomyHkjzpfygonf/

yHk (21)

187

PC Hardware, Maintenance & Upgrading

CD-ROM Drive Specification 38/ CD-ROM wpfck\pGrf;aqmifEdkifrIrsm;udk atmufygtcsufrsm;jzifh wdkif;wmygonf(u) Data Transfer Rate (CD-ROM rStcsuftvufydkYvTwfEdkifonfh yrmP) ( c) Access Time (tcsuftvufzwf&efMumcsdef) ( *) Buffer / Cache (tcsuftvufrsm; acwåodrf;qnf;&ef CD Drive twGif;&Sd

rSwfÓPfyrmP) (C) ( i)

CPU Utilization (CPU \xdef;csKyfrIjzifh vkyfaqmifrItwdkif;twm) DMA (Direct Memory Access udktoHk;jyKí CPU \xdef;csKyfrI tenf;qHk;

( p) (q)

jzifhvkyfaqmifEdkifrI) Interface (uGefysLwmpepfESifh csdwfqufrI) Loading Mechanism (CD xnfhoGif;pepf)

CD-ROM Drive \tjrefEIef;rsm;ESifh Access Time rsm; Drive Speed Transfer Rate(bps) Transfer Rate(KB/sec) 1x 153,600 150 2x 307,200 300 3x 460,800 450 4x 614,400 600 6x 921,600 900 8x 1,228,800 1,200 10x 1,536,000 1,500 12x 1,843,200 1,800 16x 2,457,600 2,400 18x 2,764,800 2,700 24x 3,686,400 3,600 32x 4,915,200 4,800 36x 5,529,600 5,400 40x 6,114,000 6,000 48x 7,372,800 7,200 52x 7,987,200 7,500 100x 15,360,000 15,000

}

Z,m; (9)

Access Time (ms) 400 300 200 150 150 100 100 100 90 90 90

85~75 or less

PC Hardware, Maintenance & Upgrading

188

CD-ROM Format Format Red Book

Used For Digital audio CDs

Yellow Book

Computer CDs

White Book

VideoCD

Orange Book

Writable CDs including CD-R, magneto-optical, single and multisession recording and packet writing Green Book Combination of Red Book and Yellow Book - for CD-I (Interactive CD) CD+(Enhance CD) Combines music and computer data on single CD

39/

CD

(u) ( c) ( *) (C) ( i) ( p) (q)

Notes This standard, a.k.a. CDDA (Compact Disc Digital Audio), was codeveloped by Philips and Sony Specifies physical arrangement of sector. ISO Mode 1:9660 Level 1: PC, Apple, UNIX, DVI Level 2: CDTV ISO 9660, HFS, and HFS-ISO are used with Yellow Book to define file and directory structures. See also Mode 1, Mode 2, and CD-ROM/XA, which define sector formats. Stores MPEG 1, MPEG 2, and similar video sources. Has replaced VHS video in southeast Asia for flim distribution Port I-Magneto-Optical Drives Port II-CD-R

CD-ROM/XA can be played on either CD-I or CD-ROM drives; CD-I has been used for interactive sales presentations and kiosks Used by musical artists to incoporate video and interviews on music CDs

Z,m; (10) & CD Drive udktoHk;jyKaepOf owdxm;&rnfhtcsufrsm;ESifhxdef;odrf;rIrsm; CD rsm;udk Virus ygrygppfaq;NyD;rS toHk;jyKyg/ zkefwufaeaom? jcpf&mygaom? zefom;aygufaeaom CD rsm;udk toHk;rjyK&yg/ zkew f ufaeaom CD rsm;udk owfrw S x f m;aom Cleaning Kit jzifo h m oef&Y iS ;f rI jyKvkyfoifhygonf/ Format rwlízwfr&aom CD rsm;tm; xnfhoGif;zwfjcif;udk a&SmifusOf&rnf/ CD Drive twGif;&Sd Lens tm; tjcm;Murf;wrf;onfh ypönf;rsm;jzifh yGwfwdkufí oefY&Sif;a&;jyKvkyfjcif;tm; a&SmifusOf&rnf/ uGefysLwmtm; jyifyodkYo,faqmif&mwGif CD Drive twGif; CD xnfhvQuf o,faqmifjcif; rjyKvkyf&yg/ CD Drive twGif;rS CD udkxkwfír&ygu ta&;ay: Eject vkyfEdkifonfh taygufudk toHk;jyKí vkyfaqmifyg/ 4if;taygufonf CD Drive \ rsufESmpm wGif yg&Sdwwfygonf/

189 ( Z)

PC Hardware, Maintenance & Upgrading

CD Drive &Sd Eject cvkyftm;csufjcif; zGifhydwfrI rjyKvkyfoifhyg/

High Capacity Removable Storage 40/ tcsuftvufrsm;ukd Backup tjzpf odrf;qnf;xm;&eftwGufvnf;aumif;? wpfae&mrS wpfae&mokdY yrmP BuD;rm;aom File rsm;ukd o,faqmif&mwGifvnf;aumif; atmufaz:jyyg Magnetic Media ESifh Magneto-optical Drive rsm;ukd tokH;jyKEkdifonf-

(u)

High-Capacity Floptical drive (21MB, 120MB, 250MB, 500MB

[lítrsdK;rsdK;&Sdonf) ( c)

Bermoulli Drives(10MB, 35MB, 65MB, 105MB, 150MB [l í

trsdK;rsdK;&Sdonf) ( *) (C) ( i) ( p)

Zip Drives (100MB, 250MB [lí trsdK;rsdK;&Sdonf) JAZ Drives (1GB, 2GB [lítrsKd;rsKd;&Sdonf/) SyQuest Drives (44MB, 88MB, 270MB, 1GB [lítrsdK;rsdK;&Sdonf) Tape Drives (2GB, 4GB, 8GB, 14GB, 24GB, 35 - 70 GB [lítrsdK;rsdK;

&Sdonf) (q)

Optical Storage Drives(CD-ROM, CD-R or CD-RW, DVD)

41/ Removable Storage tcsdKU\ pufrIqkdif&mt&nftcsif;rsm;ESifh pGrf;aqmifEkdifrIrsm;ukd atmufaz:jyygZ,m;toD;oD;jzifhEIdif;,SOfEkdifygonfLS-120 Specifications Drive Type Floppy Disk Fomatted Capacity Transfer Rate: parallel port Transfer Rate: Internal IDE Average seek time Disk rotational speed Track density Number of tracks

LS-120 Floppy

Standard 1.44MB

120MB 290KB/sec 484KB/sec 70ms 720rpm 2,490tpi 1,736×2 sides

1.44MB 45KB/sec n/a 84ms 300rpm 135tpi 80×2 sides

Z,m; (11)

PC Hardware, Maintenance & Upgrading

190

Zip Specifications(100 and 250MB Capacity) Model (Interface)

SCSI and/or Parallel

Formatted capacity Substained transfer rate Substained transfer rate Maximum throughput

100MB or 250MB 1.40MB/sec 0.79MB/sec 60MB/min(SCSI); 20MB/min(parallel) 29ms 2,941 rpm 32KB

Average seek time Disk rotational speed Buffer size

Eide 100MB or 250MB 1.40 maximum MB/sec 0.79 minimum MB/sec 84MB/min 29ms 2,941 rpm 16KB

Z,m; (12) Jaz Specifications Model

1GB

2GB

Formatted Capacity Transfer rate: Maximum Average Minimum Burst Average seek time read Average seek time write Acess Time Disk Rotational speed Buffer size Interface

1070 million bytes

2000 million bytes

6.62MB/sec 5.4MB/sec 3.41MB/sec 10MB/sec 10 ms 12 ms 15.5-17.5ms 5400rpm 256KB Fast SCSI II

8.7MB/sec 7.35MB/sec 3.41MB/sec 20MB/sec 10 ms 12 ms 15.5-17.5ms 5394rpm 512KB Ultra SCSI

Z,m; (13)

191

PC Hardware, Maintenance & Upgrading

DAT and 8mm Tape specifications Tape Capacity Standard (w/o Com- Data pression) Density

Tracks Appro- Tape Recording Encoding ximate Length Technology Format Interface

DAT 2GB/4GB 114MB/in 1869 195 ft./ Helical Scan DDS* (Digital AudioTape) 300 ft. DataDAT Video Tape

14GB

n/a

n/a

120m

SCSI

Helical Scan

*DDS=Digital Data Storage DDS-1 drives store 2GB of uncopressed data(4GB Compressed) DDS-2 drives can store 4GB of uncompressed data(up to 8GB with compression) DDS-3 drives have a native 12GB capacity or 24GB compressed

Z,m; (14) SparQ Specifications Formatted Capacity

1008 milion bytes

Transfer rate: Maximum Minimum Burst (PIO mode 4) Substained transfer rate: parallel version Average seek time Disk rotational speed Burst (PIO mode 4) Substained transfer rate: parallel version Average seek time Disk rotational speed

6.9MB/sec 3.7MB/sec 16.6MB/sec 1.25MB/sec 12ms 5,400rpm 16.6MB/sec 1.25MB/sec 12ms 5,400rpm

Z,m; (15)

PC Hardware, Maintenance & Upgrading

192

Removeable Drive Specifications Disk/Cartridge Capacity

Drive Type lomega Zip Parallel lomega Zip IDE lomega Zip SCSI Imation LS-120 Internal SyQest 235 Parallel Avatar Shark 250 Parallel SyQest 235 SCSI/IDE lomega Jaz (SCSI) Avatar Shark IDE SyQest Syjet SISC SyQest Syjet IDE SyQest SparQ Parallel CD-R Drives

100MB 100MB 100MB 120MB 235MB 250MB 235MB 2GB 250M 1.5GB 1.5GB 1GB 650MB

Average Seek Time

Data Transfer Rate

29ms 29ms 29ms 70ms 13.5ms 12ms 13.5ms 12ms 12ms 12ms 12ms 12ms <150ms

1.4MB/sec 1.4MB/sec 1.4MB/sec 4.0MB/sec 1.25MB/sec 2.0MB/sec 2.4MB/sec 5.4MB/sec 2.5MB/sec 5.3MB/sec 5.3MB/sec 1.25MB/sec 150KB/sec

Z,m; (16) 42/ uGeyf sLwmtok;H jyKorl sm;taejzifh ta&;Bu;D aom tcsut f vufrsm; rqk;H ½I;H apa&;twGuf trsdK;tpm;rwlaom Media (3)rsdK;jzifh ykHrSef Backup jyKvkyfxm;oifhygonf/ Removable Drive 0,f,l&mwGif atmufaz:jyygtcsufrsm;ukd pOf;pm;oifhonf(u) ( c) ( *) (C) ( i)

1MB odrf;qnf;&eftwGuf ukefusrnfhaiG (Price per megabyte of storage) a&;Edkif? zwfEkdifonfh tjrefEIef; (Access time)

rnfonfhuGefysLwmESifhrqkd csdwfquftokH;jyKEkdifjcif;ESifh o,faqmif&vG,fuljcif; uGefysLwmtwGif; (okdYr[kwf) jyifywGifwyfqifEkdifjcif; (Internal or External) uGeyf sLwmtm; Ready jzpfatmifjyKvyk Ef idk jf cif; (Bootable)ponfwYkd jzpfygonf/

193

PC Hardware, Maintenance & Upgrading

DVD Formats and Standards Standard DVD Formats and Capacities Format

Disk Size Sides

Layers

Data Capacity

Video Capacity

Single Double Single Double Double Single Double Single Double

4.7 GB 8.5 GB 9.4 GB 13.24 GB 17 GB 1.4 GB 2.7 GB 2.9 GB 5.3 GB

2+ hours 4 hours 4.5 hours 6.5 hours 8+ hours 0.5 hours 1.3 hours 1.4 hours 2.5 hours

DVD-ROM Formats and Capacities DVD-5 DVD-9 DVD-10 DVD-14 DVD-18 DVD-1 DVD-2 DVD-3 DVD-4

120 mm 120 mm 120 mm 120 mm 120 mm 80 mm 80mm 80mm 80mm

Single Single Double Double Double Single Single Double Double

Recordable DVD Formats and Capacities DVD-R1.0 DVD-R2.0 DVD-RAM 1.0 DVD-RAM1.0 DVD-RAM2.0 DVD-RAM2.0 DVD-RAM2.0

120 120 120 120 120 120 120

mm mm mm mm mm mm mm

Single Single Single Double Single Double Double

Single Single Single Single Single Single Single

3.95 GB 7.4 GB 2.58 GB 5.16 GB 4.7 GB 9.4 GB 1.4 GB

CD-ROM Formats and Capacities (For Comparison) CD-ROM CD-ROM

120 mm 120 mm

Single Single

Single Single

Z,m; (17)

0.65 GB 0.194 GB