Utility

Tools and Utilities O N - L I N E

M A N U A L

Copyright  1982 - 1999 by ERDAS, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. ERDAS Proprietary - Delivered under license agreement. Copying and disclosure prohibited without express written permission from ERDAS, Inc. ERDAS, Inc. 2801 Buford Highway, N.E. Atlanta, Georgia 30329-2137 USA Phone: 404/248-9000 Fax: 404/248-9400 User Support: 404/248-9777

Warning All information in this document, as well as the software to which it pertains, is proprietary material of ERDAS, Inc., and is subject to an ERDAS license and non-disclosure agreement. Neither the software nor the documentation may be reproduced in any manner without the prior written permission of ERDAS, Inc. Specifications are subject to change without notice.

Trademarks ERDAS is a trade name of ERDAS, Inc. ERDAS and ERDAS IMAGINE are registered trademarks of ERDAS, Inc. Model Maker, CellArray, ERDAS Field Guide, and ERDAS Tour Guides are trademarks of ERDAS, Inc. Other brands and product names are trademarks of their respective owners.

Tools and Utilities On-Line Manual Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Print . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Search and Replace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Current Line Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Raster Attribute Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Column Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Merge Raster Attribute Columns: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Colors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Add Area Column . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Number Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Formula . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Layer Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Data Viewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Automatic Tape Scanning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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Open Tape Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Define Data Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Hierarchical File Viewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Text Search . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

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Tools and Utilities On-Line Manual ImageInfo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Print Options (Image Info) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Rename Layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Statistics Generation Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Compute Pyramid Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Change Map Info . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Histogram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Pixel data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Image Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Statistics Generation Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Map Info Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Map Projection Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Pyramid Layers Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Coordinate Calculator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Compute Point Grid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Save As . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Input Projection and Units Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

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Tools and Utilities On-Line Manual Output Projection and Units Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Movie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Save Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Movie Edit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Set View Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Add Frame To Movie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 VUE Player . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 Set Display Interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Using the VUE Player Utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 VUE Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VPL Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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Image Drape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 Background Color . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 Band Combinations (from ImageDrape) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 Raster Options (from ImageDrape) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 Save To Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Image Drape Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 Convert Viewer to .img . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 Level Of Detail (from ImageDrape) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

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Tools and Utilities On-Line Manual Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 Print (from ImageDrape) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 Eye/Target Edit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 Arrange Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 Positions Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 Load Positions (from ImageDrape) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 Save Positions (from ImageDrape) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 Position Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 Sun Positioning (from ImageDrape) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Mosaic Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 Open Mosaic File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 Save Mosaic File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 Mosaic to Annotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 Mosaic Image List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 Add Images for Mosaic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 Mosaictool FLS File Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 Matching Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 Mosaic Intersection List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

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Tools and Utilities On-Line Manual Set Overlap Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 Mosaic Output List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 Output Image Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 Run Mosaic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 Active Area Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 Image Resample Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 JPEG Compression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 JPEG Decompression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 Pixel To Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 Table to Pixel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 Redirect File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 Image Chip Maker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 Create Lowercase Parallel Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134 Font Table Maker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 Image Compare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 DLL Version Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 Data Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 Reproject Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142

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Editor

Editor The ERDAS IMAGINE Text Editor is a full featured ASCII text editor. It provides convenient space for taking notes and writing memos and reports. Data may be freely copied from the HfaView, Data View, and most other CellArray windows. The Text Editor is an excellent tool for creating models using the Spatial Modeler Language and is frequently used by IMAGINE report generating tools. You can access the Text Editor any of these ways:

♦ Select Tools | Edit Text Files... from the ERDAS IMAGINE icon panel ♦ from Spatial Modeler, click Model Librarian... and then Edit File Select this option to open, save, print, and close. The keyboard shortcut is Meta-f. New

Select this option to start a new Text Editor. The current Text Editor is not affected.

Open... Select this option to bring up the File Selector dialog for selecting an existing file to open. The keyboard shortcut is Ctl+l. Save Select this option to save changes to the current model or text file. The keyboard shortcut is Ctl+s. Save As... Select this option to bring up the File Selector dialog for saving the current file to a new name. Reset Select this option to reset to the original contents. This option removes any changes made since the last save. Print... Select this option to bring up the Print dialog for printing the file. The keyboard shortcut is Ctl+p. Close Select this option to exit the Text Editor. You will be asked if you want to save your edits if you have not already done so. The keyboard shortcut is Ctl+d.

Edit Select this option to cut, copy, and paste. Cut Select this option to delete the selected text and copy it to the buffer. You can use the Paste command to paste the contents of the buffer back into the file. The selection remains in the buffer until the Cut or Copy command is used again. The keyboard shortcut is Ctl+x. Copy Select this option to copy the selected text to the buffer. You can use the Paste command to insert that text anywhere in the file. The selection remains in the buffer until the Cut or Copy command is used again. The keyboard shortcut is Ctl+c.

1

Editor Paste Select this option to paste the contents of the buffer into the file at the cursor position. The keyboard shortcut is Ctl+v. Clear

Select this option to deselect any selected text.

You can also deselect text by clicking elsewhere in the document. However, this will move your cursor position.

View Select this option to move to a particular line in the file. The keyboard shortcut is Meta-v. Current Line Number... Select this option to go to a specific line. The Current Line Number dialog is opened.

Find Select this option to search for and/or replace specific words or characters in the file. The keyboard shortcut is Meta-n. Find ... Select this option to find and find/replace with the Search and Replace dialog. The keyboard shortcut is Ctl+f. Find Next Select this option after using the Find option to find the next occurrence of the selected text. Replace Text Select this option to replace the selected text with the replacement text entered in the Search and Replace dialog. Replace All Select this option to replace all occurrences of the string search with the replace string entered in the Search and Replace dialog.

Help Help for Editor Select this option to see this On-Line Help document. The keyboard shortcut is Meta-h.

Click to open a file. This is the same as selecting File | Open in the menu bar. The File Selector dialog is opened.

Click to create a new Text Editor window. This is the same as selecting File | New in the menu bar.

Click to save the current document. This is the same as selecting File | Save in the menu bar.

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Editor

Click to print the current document. This is the same as selecting File | Print in the menu bar. The Print dialog is opened.

Click to cut the selected text. This is the same as selecting Edit | Cut in the menu bar.

Click to copy the selected text. This is the same as selecting Edit | Copy in the menu bar.

Click to paste the buffer contents into the document at the cursor position. This is the same as selecting Edit | Paste in the menu bar.

Click to search for a text string. This is the same as selecting Find | Find in the menu bar. The Search and Replace dialog is opened.

➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

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Print

Print This dialog lets you print a text file from the Text Editor window. Left-hold File | Print... from the Text Editor menu bar or click the access this dialog.

icon on the tool bar to

Printer Name: Enter the name of the printer as it is identified in the /etc/printcap file.

OK Click to send the current file to the specified printer and close this dialog. Cancel Click to cancel this process and close this dialog. Help Click to see this On-Line Help document. ➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

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Search and Replace

Search and Replace This dialog enables you to search and/or replace words, phrases, or characters within a text file in the Text Editor. Select Find | Find... from the Text Editor menu bar to access this dialog or click on the

icon.

Find Click to find the next occurrence of the word(s) or characters typed in the text field to the right. Replace Click to replace text found with the Find button with the text typed in the text field to the right of this button.

Close Click to close this dialog. Replace then Find Click to first replace the selected text with the replacement text and then search for the next occurrence of the Find text. If no text is selected, use the Find button once to find and highlight it. Find then Replace Click this button instead of the Find and Replace buttons to first locate text, then replace with new text all in one step.

Replace All Click to replace all occurrences of the Find text with the Replace text. If the search string contains a subset of the replace string, this option will result in an infinite loop and may cause the system to crash.

Help Click to see this On-Line help document. ➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

5

Current Line Number

Current Line Number This dialog lets you go to a specific line number in a text file or determine the line number of the current line. Left-hold View | Current Line Number... in the Text Editor menu bar to access this dialog.

Line Number: Enter the line number. Close Click to close this dialog. Where Click to see in what line number the cursor is currently positioned. With the cursor at the position you desire, click Where. The line number where the cursor is positioned will display in the Line Number number field.

Go To Click to go to a specific line number. Enter the number you want to go to in the Line Number number field and click Go To. The entire line will be selected.

➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

6

Raster Attribute Editor

Raster Attribute Editor The Raster Attribute Editor provides access to the properties saved in the Descriptor Table for each layer of a raster file. The Descriptor Table is part of the .img file and may be viewed using the HfaView Utility. The Raster Attribute Editor allows you to edit, add, or delete attributes as well as perform functions with them. The changes effected by these operations can be saved with the image file. There are several ways to access the Raster Attribute Editor:

♦ Select Tools | Edit Raster Attributes... from the ERDAS IMAGINE icon panel. This method allows access to any layer of any .img file.

♦ Select Edit | Raster Attribute Editor... from the Image Info menu bar. This method operates on the layer open in Image Info.

♦ Select Raster | Attributes... from the Viewer menu bar. This method operates on the file currently displayed in the Viewer. It has the advantage of providing visual feedback on operations such as color manipulation. This method may only be used for a layer displayed as Pseudocolor.

♦ Right-hold PseudoColor Options | Attribute Editor... in the Arrange Layers dialog. This method may only be used for a layer opened as Pseudocolor.

♦ Click the

icon on the Raster tool palette.

File Click to display open, save, and close options. New

Click to start a new Raster Attribute Editor.

Open... Save Revert Close

Click to display the File Selector dialog. Click to save changes to the file. Click to discard all changes and revert to the last saved version. Click to close the current editor.

Close All

Click to close all Raster Attribute Editors.

Edit Click to display editing options. Undo Last Edit

Click to undo the last change made.

Note that when using the Column Properties or Merge dialogs, the OK button constitutes one edit so that everything done within that dialog will be undone.

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Raster Attribute Editor Column Properties... Click to add, delete, reorder, or change properties of columns. The Column Properties dialog is opened. Merge... Click to copy or merge columns from another .img layer or file. The Merge Raster Attribute Columns dialog is opened. Colors... Click to manipulate the colors associated with each attribute. The Colors dialog is opened.

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If class 0 has changed colors, it should have an opacity of 1 in order for the change to appear in the Viewer. Add Class Names Click to add a Class Names column to the CellArray. This option is disabled if a “Class_Names” column is already present. Add Area Column... Click to compute areas from the histogram and add a new column containing the computed values. The Add Area Column dialog is opened. This option is disabled for non-georeferenced raster layers. Cell to Edit Next Next Row

Click to force the cursor to enter the next row or column on Return.

Click to position the cursor to the next row after single cell edit.

Next Column

Click to position the cursor to the next column after single cell edit.

Deselect Rows

Click to deselect all rows.

Select All Rows

Click to select all rows.

Invert Row Selection Click to deselect all selected rows and select all deselected rows. Criteria... The Selection Criteria dialog is opened, allowing you to use a query language to select rows logically. Copy Click to copy data from the CellArray. Select the rows or columns to be copied. If no rows or columns are selected when you select Copy, then the entire CellArray will be copied. The data are stored into a buffer until something else is saved with the Copy command. The copied data can be pasted into another application. Paste Click to retrieve data that were copied with the Copy command. The data from the copy buffer are copied into the selected rows of the selected columns. If there are more rows in the copy buffer than there are in the CellArray, then the data will either be discarded or pasted into new rows (if the application allows new rows to be created). Deselect Columns

Click to deselect all columns.

8

Raster Attribute Editor Select All Columns

Click to select all columns.

Invert Column Selection selected columns.

Click to select all deselected columns and deselect all

Format... This option allows you to choose the format to use for displaying numeric values in the CellArray. The Number Format dialog is opened. Report... Using this option, you can generate a report from the data in the CellArray. The Report Format Definition dialog is opened. Import... This option allows you to import ASCII data into your CellArray. The Import Column Data dialog is opened. Export... This option allows you to export column data to an ASCII file for use in other applications. The Export Column Data dialog is opened. Formula... This option lets you create a formula which can be applied to selected rows or columns. The Formula dialog is opened. Compute Stats...

The Statistics dialog is opened.

Help Help Click to see this On-Line Help document.

Click to open a new file to edit. The File Selector dialog is opened.

Click to start a new Raster Attribute Editor.

Click to save changes to the file.

Click to add, delete, reorder, or change properties of columns. The Column Properties dialog is opened.

Click to copy the selected rows and columns. The data are written to the paste buffer.

Click to paste the contents of the buffer. This option should be selected only after you have clicked the Copy tool.

9

Raster Attribute Editor

Layer Number: Change layer number for attribute editing (CellArray) This area displays the rows and columns of raster attribute data for the selected layer. The name of this layer is included in the title bar of the dialog. Right-hold in the Row column for the Row Selection popup. Right-hold on any column heading for the Column Options popup.

➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

➲ For more information about using CellArrays in ERDAS IMAGINE, see the ERDAS IMAGINE Tour Guides manual.

Solutions Suppose you have an unsigned-16 bit thematic image with approximately 1000 different categories. When you open it in the Raster Attribute Editor, you can only see 256 “sliced” categories. How can you browse the full range of data? Go into Tools | Image Information... to recompute the statistics. Set both Skip Factors to 1 and select Direct for the Bin Function. You should now be able to see all of the categories.

10

Column Properties

Column Properties This dialog enables you to add, remove, and rearrange attribute columns. You may change the alignment and format of data and the width of columns. Left-hold Edit | Column Properties... from the Raster Attribute Editor menu bar or left-click the

icon on the tool bar to access this dialog.

Columns: This window displays the list of attribute columns. The arrangement of these columns may be modified by use of the following buttons. Additionally, you may add (New) or remove (Delete) columns. Left-click on the attribute column that you want to move or delete. Up

Left-click to move the selected column up one in list.

Down Top

Left-click to move the selected column down one in the list. Left-click to move the selected column to top of the list.

Bottom New

Left-click to move the selected column to the bottom of the list.

Left-click to create a new column at end of the list.

Delete Left-click to delete the selected column. This button is disabled when the column is not Editable or when the column is required and must not be deleted.

Title: Enter or display the title of the selected column. If the title is editable, it will be displayed in an edittext framepart.

Editable Left-click to set whether the column is editable. Some columns (such as Histogram) are, by default, not editable.

Type: This field displays the data type of the column. It is editable only when a new column is being created. The types are listed below. String Specify type of column Integer Specify type of column Real Specify type of column Complex Specify type of column Color Specify type of column

11

Column Properties

➲ For more information on these data types, see the on-line Spatial Modeler Language Manual.

Show RGB Left-click to display the associated Red, Green, and Blue columns. This check box is enabled only when a color type column is selected.

Alignment Left-hold this popup list to select the alignment of data in the column. Left

Column data will be left-justified.

Center Right

Column data will be centered. Column data will be right-justified.

Format: The user-defined formats are displayed in this text field. They may be edited in this field, but more consistent results may be obtained by using the pre-defined formats displayed in the Number Format dialog. More...

Left click to display the Number Format dialog.

Formula: The user-defined formulas are displayed in this text field. They may be edited in this field, but more consistent results may be obtained by building the formula using the Formula dialog. More...

Left click to display the Formula dialog.

Default only Left-click to associate the formula with the column without applying it. The default formula is displayed whenever the Formula dialog is opened. The default formula is applied from the Formula dialog to the selected rows. Apply on OK clicked.

Left-click to apply the formula to the column when the OK button is left-

Auto-Apply Left-click to apply the formula to the column whenever one of its dependent values is changed. Note that this option could result in significant delays when the CellArray is very large.

Display Width: Edit the width of the column. The displayed value is in ‘M’ (character) units.

Max Width: Edit the maximum number of characters stored in a string type column. This field is active only with String type data. If you edit the column width and unwanted truncation occurs, left-hold File/Revert to restore the lost text.

12

Column Properties

Units: Enter user-defined units of measure. The Edit/Add Area Column option automatically sets this field.

OK Left-click to apply all changes to the CellArray and close the dialog. Cancel Left-click to cancel this process and close this dialog. Help Left-click to see this On-Line Help document. ➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

➲ For more information about using CellArrays in ERDAS IMAGINE, see the “Using CellArrays” Appendix in the ERDAS IMAGINE Tour Guides manual.

13

Merge Raster Attribute Columns:

Merge Raster Attribute Columns: This dialog enables you to copy attributes from one file to another. For example, when you run a model, the new output file may not have all of the attributes of the original file. Using this option, you can merge these attributes into the new file simply by selecting the appropriate rows in the CellArray and clicking OK. In another example, suppose you ran the Clump function and wanted to merge attributes from the original file into the new file, but wanted these attributes merged according to the original values of the file, not the clumped values. You can merge these attributes by specifying the original value column as the Index Column. You may merge into all rows of the attribute table or limit the merge to selected rows. If any rows are selected in the Raster Attribute Editor CellArray, the merge function will affect only those rows. However, the Merge dialog is modal, which prevents you from selecting rows in the CellArray once the Merge dialog is opened. If you want to restrict the Merge to selected rows, you must select the rows first before opening up the Merge dialog. If no row selection is present in the CellArray, all rows may be affected by the Merge. Select Edit | Merge... from the Raster Attribute Editor menu bar to access this dialog.

Input Raster Layer: Select or enter the file from which to merge columns. The default file extension is .img.

Layer Number: Click on this popup list to select the layer number to use if the file is multilayered.

Index Column: (from output) Click on this popup list to select the column in the original file to use as the index (rows to get data from). Only Integer type columns may be used as an index. The index relates rows in the two files. If there is no correspondence, data will not be copied. This option can be used alone, or in combination with the Key Column below.

Key Column: (from input) Click on this popup list to select a column in the Raster Layer specified above to determine where in the original file to place the new values (rows to put data into). If more than one row in the Key column has the same value, only the first one is used. This option can be used alone or in combination with the Index Column above. When both an Index column and a Key column are used, data is copied from the first input row whose key matches the index of the output row. Index and Key numbers may not be negative.

14

Merge Raster Attribute Columns:

(CellArray) Select rows to specify the attribute columns to be copied and edit the new attribute column names in this area. Only attribute columns in the selected rows will be merged. You must select at least one row to merge. Right-hold in the Row column for the Row Selection popup. Right-hold on any column heading for the Column Options popup. Column Attribute column number of input file. Click on this column to select the rows to be merged. Middle-click to add to your selection. Input Column Name Name of the input file attribute column. This column is not editable. New Column Name Name of new attribute column in output file (current file). This column contains a default name that is editable. Overwrite An ‘X’ in this column indicates that an attribute column already exists in the output file with the name currently in the “New Column Name” field. If you select this attribute column to be merged, data in the existing attribute column may be overwritten. If you click here to remove the ‘X’, a unique name is automatically generated for the new column name. You can accept this new column name or enter another name.

OK Click to run this process with the options selected and close this dialog. This button is disabled if no columns are selected.

Cancel Click to cancel this process and close this dialog. Help Click to see this On-Line Help document. ➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

➲ For more information about using CellArrays in ERDAS IMAGINE, see the ERDAS IMAGINE Tour Guides manual.

15

Colors

Colors This dialog enables you to assign a range of colors to selected rows. If no rows are selected, the color range is level sliced and applied to all rows. Individual row color may be changed using the CellArray features. Select Edit | Colors... from the Raster Attribute Editor menu bar to access this dialog.

Slice Method: Click on this popup list to select one of the color slice methods described below. See Color Level Slice for more information. IHS Slice Colors assigned to rows are derived using the Intensity, Hue, Saturation (IHS) color scheme. The default Start and End colors produce a standard ROYGBIV level slice from magenta to red. RGB slice Colors assigned to rows are derived using the Red, Green, Blue (RGB) color scheme. The default Start and End colors produce a gray scale from black to white. Single Color

A single color is applied to the selected rows.

Slice Type: The range of color is divided into a number of discrete slices or colors according to one of the schemes below. By Value The number of colors is determined by dividing the number of selected rows by the number of levels entered in the “Number of levels” number field below. By Equal Areas The number of colors is determined using a histogram equalization algorithm. The maximum number of slices is entered in the “Number of levels” number field below.

Hue Variation: Click on this popup list to select one of the options described below to determine the range of hues between the Start Color and the End Color. This popup list is enabled only when IHS slice is selected. Maximal Click to provide the largest number of hues. This is like taking the long route from one color to another around the color wheel. Minimal Click to provide the smallest number of hues. This is like taking the short route from one color to another around the color wheel.

Start Color: Right-hold this color patch to select the color for the first slice. End Color: Right-hold this color patch to select the color for the last slice.

16

Colors

Number of levels: Specify the number of distinct slices to be made in the specified color range. The default is the number of rows in the file.

Apply Click to apply the selected options. Close Click to cancel this process and close this dialog. Help Click to see this On-Line Help document. ➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

➲ For more information about using CellArrays in ERDAS IMAGINE, see the ERDAS IMAGINE Tour Guides manual.

17

Add Area Column

Add Area Column This dialog enables you to add a new column to the Raster Attributes Editor containing areas calculated from the histogram values. Select Edit | Add Area Column... from the Raster Attribute Editor menu bar to access this dialog.

Units Click on this popup list to select the type of area units to be calculated. hectares acres sqmiles

Area will be reported in hectares.

Area will be reported in acres. Area will be reported in square miles.

Name This text field displays the default column name. You may accept it by clicking OK or you may edit the name. You will not be permitted to use a column name that already exists.

OK Click to run this process with the options selected and close this dialog. Cancel Click to cancel this process and close this dialog. Help Click to see this On-Line Help document. ➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

➲ For more information about using CellArrays in ERDAS IMAGINE, see the ERDAS IMAGINE Tour Guides manual.

18

Number Format

Number Format This dialog enables you to choose the format for displaying numeric values in the Raster Attribute Editor. There are three ways to open this dialog:

♦ Select Edit | Format... from the Raster Attribute Editor menu bar. ♦ Right-hold in the header row of the column for which you want to set the number format and select Format... from the Column Options menu which displays.

♦ Click on the More... button in the Column Properties dialog of the Raster Attribute Editor. Standard Formats: Click on the format to use. It will be copied to the Custom Format field. Default Applies the default application formatting. For the Raster Attribute Editor, this is always the same as General. General If the number is a whole number, the result has no decimal places. If it is not a whole number, the result will have as many decimal places as needed. If the number exceeds 12 digits, then scientific notation is used. 0 Numeric values are displayed as whole numbers. Rounding is performed on nonintegers. 0.00 Numeric values are displayed with two decimal places even if the data type is integer. #,##0 Numbers are displayed as whole numbers with commas separating the thousands. #,##0.00 Numbers are displayed with two decimal places with commas separating the thousands. $#,##0;($#,##0) Numbers are displayed as whole dollar values with commas separating the thousands. Negative values are displayed inside parentheses. $#,##0.00;[Red]($#,##0.00) Numbers are displayed as decimal dollar values with commas separating the thousands. Negative values are displayed inside red parentheses. 0%

Numeric values are displayed as whole number percentages.

0.00% Numeric values are displayed with two decimal place percentages even if the data type is integer.

19

Number Format 0.00E+00

Numbers are displayed in scientific notation to two decimal places.

m/d/yy Values are displayed as dates in month/day/year format (12/31/93). The value is taken to be the number of seconds since 1 January 1970. d-mmmm-yy Values are displayed as dates in day-Month-year format (31-December93). The value is taken to be the number of seconds since 1 January 1970. dg mm ss N/S 37 22 N).

Values are displayed as degrees minutes seconds North or South (19

dg mm ss E/W 33 W).

Values are displayed as degrees minutes seconds East or West (41 14

hh:mm:ss

Values are displayed as hours:minutes:seconds (20:12:37).

Custom Format: This option lets you create a customized number format by entering a string of number format variables.

OK Click to apply the selected format. Cancel Click to cancel this process and close this dialog. Help Click to see this On-Line Help document. ➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

➲ For more information about using CellArrays in ERDAS IMAGINE, see the ERDAS IMAGINE Tour Guides manual.

20

Formula

Formula This dialog enables you to create a formula which can be applied to selected rows or columns in the Raster Attribute Editor. You can either type the formula directly into the Formula text field, or construct it from the other tools in this dialog. There are three ways to open this dialog:

♦ Select Edit | Formula... from the Raster Attribute Editor menu bar. ♦ Right-hold in the header row of the column for which you want to set the number format and select Formula... from the Column Options menu which displays.

♦ Click on the More... button in the Column Properties dialog of the Raster Attribute Editor. Columns: Lists the columns which may be used in the formula. These names are used to build the expression.

Functions: Lists the operators which may be used in building an expression: row pi

Returns the current row number. The first row is 0. Provides the value of pi (3.141592...).

mod(,) abs() int() even() odd()

Modulus - the remainder when is divided by .

Absolute value of . Integer - truncate to integer part of . Returns a 1 if is evenly divisible by 2.0. Otherwise it returns 0. Returns a 1 if is not evenly divisible by 2.0. Otherwise it returns 0.

max(,)

Returns the larger of and .

min(,)

Returns the smaller of and .

sin()

Returns the sine of degrees.

cos()

Returns the cosine of degrees.

tan()

Returns the tangent of degrees.

asin()

Returns the arcsine of in degrees.

acos()

Returns the arccosine of in degrees.

atan()

Returns the arctangent of in degrees. 21

Formula ln()

Returns the natural logarithm of .

log()

Returns the common logarithm of .

sqrt()

Returns the square root of .

convert(,,) Returns multiplied by the conversion factor which converts from the units to the units. For example: convert(3,feet,meters) returns .9144. That is, it converted 3 feet to .9144 meters. format()

Converts a number to a character string using the General format.

format(,) Converts the number (the second argument) to a string using the “Format” specified by the first argument.

Formats: Formats are described in the Number Format dialog help. These variables are to be used as the argument for the format() function.

(Numeric Keypad) The number pad works like a calculator to let you enter numerical values into the query. +

Addition

-

Subtraction

*

Multiplication

/

Division

E

Use this key to specify scientific notation.

( ) Use the parentheses to group logical expressions to show precedence, or with some of the Operators: as shown in the syntax examples above. [ ] Use square brackets to specify an offset to the row number. For example: $"Histogram"[-1] references the Histogram value of the previous row.

Formula: Enter the character string defining the formula in this text field, either manually or by using the tools in this dialog. OK Click to run this process with the options selected and close this dialog. Clear Click to remove the text in the Formula box.

22

Formula

Cancel Click to cancel this process and close this dialog. Help Click to see this On-Line Help document. ➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

➲ For more information about using CellArrays in ERDAS IMAGINE, see the ERDAS IMAGINE Tour Guides manual.

23

Layer Selection

Layer Selection This tab enables you to specify the layer number of the selected file for raster attribute editing. It opens when you click the Select Layer tab in a file chooser dialog.

Select Layer Click on this tab to enter the layer number for raster attribute editing. Layer Number: Enter the layer number for raster attribute editing. Help Click to view the On-Line Help for this tab.

24

Data Viewer

Data Viewer This dialog enables you to view the data contained in a disk file or to view the files on a tape. This is a somewhat generic tool and requires you to be familiar with the type of data being viewed. It may be used in conjunction with the generic data importer to import non-standard data formats or those for which a specific data importer does not exist. Select Tools | View Binary Data... from the ERDAS IMAGINE icon panel or click the Data View... button in the Import/Export dialog to access this dialog.

File Click to open files to view, save, and close the Data View utility. New

Click to start a new Data Viewer.

Open File... Open Tape...

Click to open a disk file. The File Selector dialog is opened. Click to open a tape file. The Open Tape Device dialog is opened.

Save Tape/File Structure... Click to write the displayed tape or file structure to a text file. The File Selector dialog is opened. Save Record... Click to write the currently displayed file record to a text file. The File Selector dialog is opened. Close

Click to close the Data Viewer.

Close All

Click to close all open Data Viewers.

Edit Click to copy text or rewind tapes. Copy Click to copy the selected text to a paste buffer. The text in the paste buffer may then be pasted into a Text Editor document. Rewind

Click to rewind the tape to the beginning (if the media is tape).

The tape is automatically rewound at the end of the last record of the last file. Define Data Structure... Click to open the Define Data Structure dialog, which allows you to define a structure to be used as a template for the data. Normally, DataView displays data as one of several homogeneous data types. That is, it will display the data as a set of 1 byte integers, or 4 byte integers, or IEEE Floating Point numbers, etc. However, in real world cases, the information contained in a file is not this way - it is typically a collection of reals, integers, strings, etc. Defining a data structure allows you to create a description of data that matches the information in a file format document and then interpret the data in the file as that type. This is a very useful tool for anyone writing an importer for a new type of data.

25

Data Viewer

Help Click to view this On-Line Help document. Click to open a file for examination. This is the same as selecting File | Open File... from the menu bar. The File Selector dialog is opened.

Click to create a new Data Viewer. This is the same as selecting File | New from the menu bar.

Click to copy the currently selected text. This is the same as selecting Edit | Copy from the menu bar.

Click to rewind the tape. This is the same as selecting Edit | Rewind in the menu bar. The tape is automatically rewound at the end of the last record of the last file.

Tape/File Structure: This area displays the file structure of the tape. File: Set the number of the file on tape. This option is active only when viewing tape contents.

Record: Set or view the number of the current record. Record Size: Set or view the size of the current record. This value may be changed only when viewing file contents.

Offset: Set the offset from the start of the current record. This option is active only when viewing file contents.

Auto Scan Click to enable or disable automatic scanning of the tape. This option is disabled when viewing file contents. See Automatic Tape Scanning below.

Data Type: Click on this popup list to select the appropriate data type to be displayed. Format: Click on this popup list to select the format in which to display integer data. This popup list is disabled when one of the character data types is selected. Typically, one may want to look at integers as decimal values, as long as the values represent common numbers or measures. However, integer values often times contain packed bit fields of information. In this case, a binary, octal, or hexadecimal representation is more useful. The formats are:

26

Data Viewer Binary Display number composed of the binary digits 0 and 1. Each digit represents a single bit in the data. Octal Display number composed of the octal digits 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7. Each digit represents three bits in the data. Hex Display number composed of the hexadecimal digits 0,1,3,4,5,6,7, 8,9,A,B,C,D,E,F. Each digit represents four bits in the data. Decimal Display number composed of the decimal digits 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7, 8,9. Each digit does not correspond to a number of bits because 10 (the base of decimal numbers) is not a power of two as in the cases of Binary (2^1), Octal (2^3), Hex (2^4).

Byte Order: Click on this popup list to select the appropriate byte order. For 16- or 32-bit data you may select Intel or Motorola formats. Intel

Least significant byte first.

Motorola

Most significant byte first.

(record contents) This area displays the contents of the current record. Automatic Tape Scanning Each record of each file may be automatically scanned and its size is reported in the Tape Structure window. At any time you may click the Auto Scan button again to suspend automatic scanning. The contents of the record at which scanning is suspended are displayed in the record contents window. If the End-of-Media mark is read, the tape is automatically rewound.

➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

27

Open Tape Device

Open Tape Device This dialog provides access to configured tape devices. Tape devices may be set up using the Configuration Editor dialog, which is accessible from the Session menu. Select File | Open Tape... from the Data Viewer menu bar to access this dialog.

Tape Device: Click on an entry to select a tape device from this list. OK Click to open the selected tape device for examination and close this dialog. Cancel Click to cancel this process and close this dialog. Help Click to view this On-Line Help document. ➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

28

Define Data Structure

Define Data Structure This dialog is used to define the contents of a data structure to be used when viewing data. Each structure is defined as one or more fields which may contain one or more occurances of a given data type. For example, a field could be 10 ASCII characters, or 2 Signed 16 bit quantities. Each field is named for convenience. Once a structure is defined, it is used whenever the data type in the main dialog is set to "Structure". The structure definition may be saved to and loaded from .str files. This dialog opens when you select Edit | Define Data Structure... in the Data Viewer menu bar.

Variable Definition: Name: Enter the name of the structure field currently being defined. Data Type: The type of data in the current field. Click on the popup list to select one of the following: ASCII Simple ascii characters, 1 byte each. EBCDIC EBCDIC (an old IBM character encoding) characters, 1 byte each. Unsigned 8 bit Numeric 8 bit value (0..255), 1 byte each. Signed 8 bit Numeric 8 bit value (-128..127), 1 byte each. Unsigned 16 bit Numeric 16 bit integer value (0..65535), 2 bytes each. Signed 16 bit Numeric 16 bit integer value (-32768..32767), 2 bytes each. Unsigned 32 bit Numeric 32 bit integer value (0..4294967295), 4 bytes each. Signed 32 bit Numeric 32 bit integer value (-2147483648..2147483647), 4 bytes each. IEEE 32 bit Float IEEE Floating point number single precision, 4 bytes each. IEEE 64 bit Float IEEE Floating point number double precision, 8 bytes each. VAX 32 bit Float VAX Floating point number single precison, 4 bytes each. VAX 64 bit Float VAX Floating point number double presicion, 8 bytes each. Format: For the integer "Data Type", this is used to control the display format, as described in the Data Viewer dialog. Click on the popup list to select one of the following: Binary Display number composed of the binary digits 0 and 1. Each digit represents a single bit in the data.

29

Define Data Structure Octal Display number composed of the octal digits 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7. Each digit represents three bits in the data. Hex Display number composed of the hexadecimal digits 0,1,3,4,5,6,7, 8,9,A,B,C,D,E,F. Each digit represents four bits in the data. Decimal Display number composed of the decimal digits 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7, 8,9. Each digit does not correspond to a number of bits because 10 (the base of decimal numbers) is not a power of two as in the cases of Binary (2^1), Octal (2^3), Hex (2^4). Count: Enter the number of occurances of this data type. For an integer or a float, this is most often 1. For a character type, this is usually larger than 1. Insert Click on this button to enter this field definition into the current structure. Delete Click on this button to delete the currently highlighted field definition. Clear Click on this button to clear the entire structure definition.

Stucture Listing This lists the fields, their names, and their types for the current structure definition.

OK Click to accept your changes and close this dialog. This uses the defined structure as the current structure definition for DataView.

Cancel Click to cancel the operation, leaving the current structure definition unchanged. Save... Clicking on this button displays a dialog which allows the user to save the current definition as an ASCII text file with an .STR extension.

Load... Clicking on this button displays a dialog which allows the user to load a structure definition from an ASCII text file with an .STR extension.

Help Click to view the On-Line Help for this dialog.

30

Hierarchical File Viewer

Hierarchical File Viewer Many files created by ERDAS IMAGINE are stored in a hierarchical file architecture (HFA) format. This format allows any number of different types of data elements to be stored in the file in a tree-structured fashion. This tree is built of nodes which contain a variety of types of data. The contents of the nodes can be viewed using this utility. Some of the files stored in this format include: .img, .aoi, .cff, .fft, .gcc, .ovr, .sig, and .sml. This utility is often used to view ephemeris data in imported files. Select Tools | View IMAGINE HFA File Structure... from the ERDAS IMAGINE icon panel to access this dialog.

File Click to open files to view, save file contents, and close this dialog. New

Click to create a new HfaView.

Open...

Click to open a file. A File Selector dialog is opened.

Save Node Contents... Click to write the contents of a node to an ASCII file.A File Selector dialog is opened. Close

Click to quit HfaView.

Close All

Click to close all open HfaViews.

Edit Click to search for a particular string or to copy text. Search... Click to search the currently displayed node contents for a text or number string. The Text Search dialog is opened. Copy Click to copy the currently selected text. Copied text may be pasted into a Text Editor document.

Help Click to view this On-Line Help document. Click to open a file. A File Selector dialog is opened. This is the same as selecting File | Open... from the menu bar.

Click to create a new HfaView. This is the same as selecting File | New from the menu bar.

31

Hierarchical File Viewer

Click to write the contents of a node to an ASCII file.A File Selector dialog is opened. This is the same as selecting File | Save Node Contents... from the menu bar.

Click to display children of the selected node.

Click to display the parent node of the Node List.Node.

Click to go to the previous node in the list.

Click to go to the next node in the list.

Click to search the currently displayed node contents for a text or number string. The Text Search dialog is opened. This is the same as selecting Edit | Search... from the menu bar.

Node List: The children of the node currently displayed in the Node: window are listed here.

Node Contents: The contents of the selected node are displayed in this window. Node: The parent names of the currently selected node are displayed in this window. ➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

➲ For more information about the HFA file format, see the “File Formats and Extensions” Appendix in the ERDAS Field Guide.

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Text Search

Text Search This dialog enables you to search for a text string in the currently displayed Node Contents. This may be useful for locating certain class names, for example. Select Edit | Search... from the Hierarchical File Viewer menu bar or click the tool bar to access this dialog.

icon on the

Search for: Enter the string for which you want to search and press Return on your keyboard.

OK Click to find and highlight the next occurrence of the string. Successive clicks on this button will find successive occurrences. At the end of the node contents, the search wraps to the beginning.

Close Click to cancel this process and close this dialog. Help Click to view this On-Line Help document. ➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

➲ For more information about the HFA file format, see the “File Formats and Extensions” Appendix in the ERDAS Field Guide.

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ImageInfo

ImageInfo This dialog enables you to view and edit many elements of a raster image file (.img), including statistics, map information, and projection information.

☞ This information should be modified with caution because ERDAS IMAGINE programs use this information for data input. If it is incorrect, there will be errors in the output data for these programs. Changes are automatically applied immediately. You are not prompted before the file is changed. Select Tools | Image Information... from the ERDAS IMAGINE icon panel or select Utility | Layer Info... from the Viewer menu bar to access this dialog.

File Click to access the File options menu that allows you to open images, print, and close this dialog. The keyboard shortcut is Meta-f. Open ...

Click to open a file. The File Selector dialog is opened.

New ...

Click to create a new ImageInfo dialog.

Print Options ...

Click to set up print parameters. The Print Info dialog is opened.

Print Click to print using the Print Options set in the Print Info dialog. The Print dialog is opened. Close

Click to quit this ImageInfo dialog.

Close all

Click to quit all ImageInfo dialogs.

Edit Click to access the Edit options menu in order to modify file information. These options are disabled if you do not have write permissions to the file. The keyboard shortcut is Meta-e. Change Layer Name ... Click to change the name of a layer. The Rename Layer dialog is opened. Change Layer Type Click to change the current layer type to continuous if it is thematic or to thematic if it is continuous. This may be necessary if you want to perform a function on a layer that is available only to certain layer types, such as recoding, which can be performed only on thematic layers.

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ImageInfo Note: In order to change a continuous file to thematic, the following conditions must be true:

♦ You must have write access to the file ♦ The file must have exactly one layer ♦ The data type of the layer must be an unsigned integer type ♦ Statistics must have been computed using a 1,1 skip factor ♦ Statistics must have been computed using a direct bin function ♦ The raster DLL for the file must support thematic files i

When a continuous file is changed to thematic in ImageInfo, statistics are recalculated using a skip factor of 1 so that all data values present in the file are accounted for. The Skip Factor is shown in the ImageInfo dialog as Skip Factor X and Skip Factor Y. Previous versions of ERDAS IMAGINE allowed files to be changed to thematic without statistics being recalculated. These files may cause problems in some Image Interpreter functions such as Matrix and Summary. If you have files such as this, you may need to manually recompute statistics using ImageInfo before using these files as input to Matrix or Summary. Delete Current Layer

Click to remove any layer except the last one.

Compute Statistics ... Click to compute statistics on specific regions or layers of the image file. The Statistics Generation Options dialog is opened. Compute Pyramid Layers... Click to create reduced subsampled raster layers. Using the pyramid layer option reduces processing and display time for large images. The Compute Pyramid Layers dialog is opened. Delete Pyramid Layers

Click to remove the pyramid layers.

Change Map Model ... Click to modify map information (non-calibrated images only). The Change Map Info dialog is opened. Delete Map Model Click to remove map model Add/Change Projection ... Click to modify the map projection information. The Projection Chooser dialog is opened. This option should be used only to change projection information that is incorrect due to importing or other errors. You must use the regular rectification procedures to georeference an ungeoreferenced file.

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ImageInfo Note: You must first remove any existing map projection information by selecting Edit | Delete Projection from the ImageInfo menu bar.Then you must add the new projection information to the Map Info record with Edit | Add/Change Projection.... Delete Projection ...

Click to remove projection information.

Raster Attribute Editor... Click to modify raster attributes. The Raster Attribute Editor dialog is opened.

View Click to access the View options menu that allows you to view histograms and pixels. The keyboard shortcut is Meta-v. Histogram...

Click to view or print a histogram. The Histogram dialog is opened.

Pixels... Click to view pixel data. The Pixel Data dialog is opened, showing all the data file values for the current layer.

Help Click to see this On-Line Help document. The keyboard shortcut is Meta-h. Click to open an .img file for viewing the information. This is the same as selecting File | Open... from the menu bar. The File Selector dialog is opened.

Click to start a new ImageInfo window. This is the same as selecting File | New... from the menu bar.

Click to print information to the selected printer. This is the same as selecting File | Print from the menu bar.

Click to compute the statistics on the current file. This is the same as selecting Edit | Compute Statistics... from the menu bar. The Statistics Generation Options dialog is opened.

Click to display the histogram of the current layer. This is the same as selecting View | Histogram... from the menu bar. The Histogram dialog is opened.

(current layer number) The numeric value of the current layer is displayed in this number field. Change the value in this field to view another layer.

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ImageInfo

(current layer name) The name of the current layer is displayed in this popup list. You may select the layer to view from this popup list.

File Info: This group shows you basic information about the file. The file name is displayed in parentheses next to the dialog title. Layer Name: Last Modified:

Shows the name of the currently selected layer. Shows the last modification date for the layer.

Number of Layers:

Shows the number of layers in this file.

Layer Info: This group of information tells you about the layer that you have selected above. Width: Height: Type:

Shows the width (X dimension) of the layer in pixels. Shows the height (Y dimension) of the layer in pixels. Shows the layer type as either Thematic or Continuous.

The layer type can be changed by selecting Edit | Change Layer Type in the menu bar. Block Width: Shows the block width of the selected layer. The block size can affect processing and display time. The ERDAS IMAGINE default block width is 64. Block Height: Shows the block height of the selected layer. The block size can affect processing and display time.The ERDAS IMAGINE default block height is 64. Data Type: Shows the data type of the selected layer. The data type determines the range and precision of the file values in the raster layer. Compression: Shows whether or not the layer is in compressed format. This will read either None or Run Length. A file can be compressed with run length encoding if it is imported to IMAGINE. You cannot view JPEG compressed images in the Image Info dialog. Pyramid Layers: Shows whether pyramid layers have been created. Pyramid layers are Present or Absent.

Statistics Info: This group of information is based on statistics that are calculated from the file values of the pixels in the layer. This information can be created or edited by selecting the Edit | Compute Statistics... option of the menu bar.

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ImageInfo Min:

Reports the minimum (lowest) file value.

Max:

Reports the maximum (highest) file value.

Mean:

Reports the mean (average) file value.

Median: Reports the median of the file values (point at which there as many pixels greater as lesser). Mode:

Reports the mode (most frequently occurring) among the file values.

Std. Dev: data.

Reports the standard deviation, a statistical indication of the spread of the

Skip Factor X:

The X skip factor used to compute the statistics is reported.

Skip Factor Y:

The Y skip factor used to compute the statistics is reported.

Last Modified:

Shows the date and time that statistics were last rebuilt.

Map Info: This group shows information about the map system associated with a layer. The way this information is viewed is based on the status of the check box. File If the check box is not depressed, ULX, ULY represents the map coordinates of layer pixel 0, 0. LRX, LRY represents the map coordinates of layer pixel W-1, H-1, where W and H are the width and height of the layer (in pixels) respectively. If the image layer has been rectified with its associated map system, the pixel size X, Y will represent the width and height of a layer pixel in map units. If the image layer has not been rectified with its associated map system, the pixel size X, Y is not applicable. View If the check box is depressed, ULX, ULY and LRX, LRY define the map coordinates of the upper left and lower right pixels of the entire image layer viewed in its map system (rectified). The pixel size X, Y are determined by first finding the map bounding box of the image in its map space and then computing a pixel size that would allow the image layer to be viewed in map space by using the same number of pixels that are in the original image layer. Once the pixel size is determined, the upper left and lower right corners of the map bounding box are offset by one half of a pixel in both coordinate dimensions to compute the ULX, ULY, LRX and LRY that are shown. All of this information is used by the Viewer to display the image when the Orient Image to Map System checkbox in the Raster Options tab of the Viewer's file chooser is depressed. For rectified image layers, the File and View information will be identical. For image layers that are not associated with any geographic map system, a pixel map system is used so that IMAGINE applications can always deal in map units. In these cases, the File and View information will be identical except that the pixel size will not be applicable to the File information as an indication that a pixel map system has been constructed as a default.

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ImageInfo Even if the fields are disabled, you can change this information once you select a map projection. Select Edit | Change Mapinfo... from the menu bar. Upper Left X: Shows the X map coordinate of the center of the upper left pixel in the file. Upper Left Y: Shows the Y map coordinate of the center of the upper left pixel in the file. Lower Right X: Shows the X map coordinate of the center of the lower right pixel in the file. Lower Right Y: Shows the Y map coordinate of the center of the lower right pixel in the file. Pixel Size X: Shows the geographical area, in map units, represented by each pixel in the X (horizontal) direction. Pixel Size Y: Shows the geographical area, in map units, represented by each pixel in the Y (vertical) direction. Unit:

Shows the map units used.

Projection Info: This group of information tells about the map projection used on the file. If the file is not georeferenced, then these fields are disabled. Even if the fields are disabled, you can change this information once you select a map projection. Select Edit | Add/Change Projection... from the menu bar. Georeferenced to: Spheroid:

Shows the spheroid used.

Zone Number: Datum:

Shows the map projection used for this file.

If the projection is State Plane, the zone number is shown here.

Shows the datum used.

Projection This tab edits the projection information if it’s present in the image. Histogram This tab shows the image histogram without the need to open a second dialog. Bin Function : Displayed histogramsbinfunction' Print Print this histogram on a Windows printer

Pixel data

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ImageInfo

➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

➲ See the “File Formats and Extensions” Appendix in the ERDAS Field Guide for more information on data stored in .img files.

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Print Options (Image Info)

Print Options (Image Info) This dialog enables you to select the type of information that will be printed when you select File | Print or when you click the Print icon on the tool bar of the Image Info dialog. Select File | Print Options... from the Image Info menu bar to access this dialog.

Print: Select one or more of the Info fields to print. The File Info and Layer Info fields are always printed. Statistics

Click to print the Statistics Info field.

Projection Info Map Info

Click to print the Projection Info field.

Click to print the Map Info field.

Histogram

Click to print the histogram of the selected layer(s).

File type: Select one of the two options below: Text

Click to send ASCII text to the selected printer.

Postscript

(UNIX only) Click to send a PostScript file to the selected printer.

Graphics (Windows only) Click to send a file containing a graphical illustration to the selected printer.

Layers: Select which layers to print. Current All

Click to print information about only the current layer.

Click to print information about all layers in the file.

OK Click to set these parameters and close this dialog. Cancel Click to cancel this process and close this dialog. Help Click to see this On-Line Help document. ➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

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Rename Layer

Rename Layer This dialog enables you to change the name of the current raster layer of an .img file. Select Edit | Change Layer Name... from the Image Info menu bar to access this dialog.

New Layer Name: Enter a new layer name here. OK Click to change the layer name and close this dialog. Cancel Click to cancel this process and close this dialog. Help Click to see this On-Line Help document. ➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

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Statistics Generation Options

Statistics Generation Options This dialog enables you to create or rebuild statistics for a raster layer(s). When you generate statistics, you have the option to include zeros and the option to generate statistics for all of the raster layers in the .img file. Select Edit | Compute Statistics... from the ImageInfo menu bar or click the tool bar to access this dialog.

icon on the

Calculate on all Layers Click to calculate statistics for all layers. If this check box is not selected, only the current layer statistics are computed.

Ignore Value: Click to ignore a value in the statistics computation. (Value to Ignore) Enter the value to ignore. The default value to ignore is zero. Skip Factor X: Enter the X skip factor to use when computing statistics. Skip Factor Y: Enter the Y skip factor to use when computing statistics. Bin Type: This group allows you to define the bin function and number of bins. The bin function establishes the relationship between data values and rows in the descriptor table. Bin Function You may select a bin function other than the one used in the original binning. If you select a non-default bin function and there are other bin-dependent attributes, you will be prompted before those attributes are deleted. Default Select this option to use the same bin function that was originally used to generate statistics. Direct In direct binning, there is one bin per integer value. This method is normally used for 1, 2, 4, and 8-bit integer data. Linear Linear binning establishes a linear mapping between data values and bin numbers. Log Log binning establishes a logarithmic mapping between data values and bin numbers.

☞ The viewer does not support the logarithmic bin function. #Bins If a bin function other than Direct is selected, you may enter the number of bins to create.

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Statistics Generation Options

Use AOI... Click to calculate statistics on an Area of Interest. The Choose AOI dialog is opened from which you may select the source of the AOI.

OK Click to run this process with the options selected and close this dialog. Cancel Click to cancel this process and close this dialog. Help Click to see this On-Line Help document. ➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

➲ See the “File Formats and Extensions” Appendix in the ERDAS Field Guide for more information on data stored in .img files.

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Compute Pyramid Layers

Compute Pyramid Layers This dialog enables you to create pyramid layers for the current layer in Image Info. It opens when you select Edit | Compute Pyramid Layers... in the Image Info dialog.

Pyramid Layers Option: Set the parameters for pyramid creation. Kernel Size: Click on this popup list to select the size kernel to use to generate pyramid layers. 2X2

A 2 x 2 kernel will be used to create pyramid layers.

4X4

A 4 x 4 kernel will be used to create pyramid layers.

External File Activate this checkbox to place pyramid layers in an external file.

OK Click to compute pyramid layers and close this dialog. Cancel Click to cancel this process and close this dialog. Help Click to see this On-Line Help document. ➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

➲ For more information about pyramid layers, see the “Image Display” chapter in the ERDAS Field Guide.

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Change Map Info

Change Map Info This dialog enables you to change map information. To use this dialog, there must already be a map projection associated with the data by rectifying the data to a map coordinate system. Select Edit | Change Map Model... from the Image Info menu bar to access this dialog.

Upper Left X: Enter the X map coordinate of the center of the upper left pixel in the file. Upper Left Y: Enter the Y map coordinate of the center of the upper left pixel in the file. Pixel Size X: Enter the number of map units represented by each pixel in the X (horizontal) direction.

Pixel Size Y: Enter the number of map units represented by each pixel in the Y (vertical) direction.

Units: Click on this popup list to select the type of map units from the following options: Meters, Feet, Inches, Centimeters, Points, Other. The pixel size above expresses geographic area in these map units.

Projection: Click on this popup list to select the map projection to use. OK Click to run this process with the options selected and close this dialog. Cancel Click to cancel this process and close this dialog. Help Click to see this On-Line Help document. ➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

➲ For an alphabetical list of which datums are applicable to particular areas, see Spheroids and Datums.

➲ For more information on the map projections available in ERDAS IMAGINE, see the “Map Projections” Appendix of the ERDAS Field Guide.

➲ For more information about rectification, see the “Rectification” chapter of the ERDAS Field Guide or the Rectification section of the ERDAS IMAGINE Tour Guides manual.

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Histogram

Histogram This dialog graphically displays the histogram for the current layer. When the cursor is placed inside the histogram, vertical lines are displayed at the Max, Min, and Mean points of the histogram and the bin number and value are displayed for the current cursor location. Select View | Histogram... in the Image Info menu bar or click the open this dialog.

icon on the tool bar to

Bin Function: The bin function for the histogram is displayed here. (histogram) This window graphically displays the histogram of the current layer. Print Click to output this histogram to the defined printer in the Print Info dialog. In addition to the histogram, the file and layer information are also printed.

Close Click to close this dialog. Help Click to see this On-Line Help document. ➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

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Pixel data

Pixel data This dialog enables you to view the data file values of the file currently open in Image Info. This dialog is opened when you select View | Pixels... in the Image Info menu bar.

(CellArray) The data file values in the layer are displayed in an ERDAS IMAGINE CellArray.

Close Click to close this dialog. Help Click to see this On-Line Help document. ➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

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Image Commands

Image Commands This dialog enables you to view and edit many elements of a raster image file (.img), including statistics, map information, and projection information.

☞ This information should be modified with caution because ERDAS IMAGINE programs use this information for data input. If it is incorrect, there will be errors in the output data for these programs. Changes are automatically applied immediately. You are not prompted before the file is changed.

Image File: Enter the name of the image file or click the file open icon. Click to open an .img file for viewing the information. This is the same as selecting File | Open... from the menu bar. The File Selector dialog is opened.

Change Raster Type The range and the type of numbers used in a raster layer determine how the layer is displayed and processed. For example, a raster layer of elevation data with values ranging from -51.257 to 553.401 would be treated differently from a layer using only two values to show land and water. You can change the raster type into these categories: Continuous Likewise, interval and ratio data are more likely to measure a condition, causing the file values to represent continuous gradations across the layer. Such layers are sometimes called continuous. Thematic Nominal and ordinal data lend themselves to applications in which categories, or themes, are used. Therefore, we sometimes call these variables categorical or thematic.

Compute Statistics Select this option to compute statistics on specific regions or layers of the specified image file. Options...

Click this button to open the Statistics Generation Options dialog.

Compute Pyramid Layers Select this option to create reduced subsampled raster layers to enhance performance of zoom operations. Options...

Click this button to open the Pyramid Layers Options dialog.

Delete Pyramid Layers Select this option to remove the pyramid layers. Change Map Model Select this option to modify map information (non-calibrated images only).

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Image Commands Options...

Click this button to open the Map Info Options dialog.

Delete Map Model

Select this option to remove map model

Map Model to World File Select this option to create a world file from the contents of the map info node of the current image. Change Map Projection Select this option to modify the map projection information. Options...

Click this button to open the Map Projection Options dialog.

Delete Map Projection

Select this option to remove projection information.

OK Click the OK button to compute the operation Batch Click here to add this function to a batch file. Cancel Click here to cancel the operation. Help Click the Help button to display this help file.

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Statistics Generation Options

Statistics Generation Options This dialog enables you to create or rebuild statistics for a raster layer(s). When you generate statistics, you have the option to include zeros and the option to generate statistics for all of the raster layers in the .img file. To access this dialog...

Ignore Value: Click to ignore a value in the statistics computation. (Value to Ignore) Enter the value to ignore. The default value to ignore is zero. Skip Factor X: Enter the X skip factor to use when computing statistics. Skip Factor Y: Enter the Y skip factor to use when computing statistics. Bin Type: This group allows you to define the bin function and number of bins. The bin function establishes the relationship between data values and rows in the descriptor table. Bin Function You may select a bin function other than the one used in the original binning. If you select a non-default bin function and there are other bin-dependent attributes, you will be prompted before those attributes are deleted. Default Select this option to use the same bin function that was originally used to generate statistics. Direct In direct binning, there is one bin per integer value. This method is normally used for 1, 2, 4, and 8-bit integer data. Linear Linear binning establishes a linear mapping between data values and bin numbers. Log Log binning establishes a logarithmic mapping between data values and bin numbers.

☞ The viewer does not support the logarithmic bin function. #Bins If a bin function other than Direct is selected, you may enter the number of bins to create.

Use AOI... Click to calculate statistics on an Area of Interest. The Choose AOI dialog is opened from which you may select the source of the AOI.

OK Click to run this process with the options selected and close this dialog. Cancel Click to cancel this process and close this dialog. 51

Statistics Generation Options

Help Click to see this On-Line Help document. ➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

➲ See the “File Formats and Extensions” Appendix in the ERDAS Field Guide for more information on data stored in .img files.

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Map Info Options

Map Info Options Use this dialog to change your map information. There must be a map projection associated with the data by rectifying this data to a map coordinate system. From the Image Commands: dialog, display the Map Info Options dialog by activating the checkbox next to Change Map Model and clicking on the Options... button.

Upper Left X: Enter the X map coordinate of the center of the upper left pixel in the file Upper Left Y: Enter the Y map coordinate of the center of the upper left pixel in the file. Pixel Size X: Enter the number of map units represented by each pixel in the X (horizontal) direction.

Pixel Size Y: Enter the number of map units represented by each pixel in the Y (vertical) direction.

Units: Click on this popup list to select the type of map units from the following options: Meters, Feet, Inches, Centimeters, Points, Other. The pixel size above expresses geographic area in these map units.

Projection: Click on this popup list to select the map projection to use. OK Click to run this process with the options selected and close this dialog. Cancel Click to cancel this process and close this dialog. Help Click to see this On-Line Help document.

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Map Projection Options

Map Projection Options This dialog allows you to set the map projection information for geographic data.

Categories: Select the projection category from this popup list. This is the name of a library in which the projection is saved.

Projection: Select the name of the projection from the scrolling list. The number in parentheses is the State Plane Zone.

OK Click to perform the operation with the current specifications. Cancel Click to cancel the operation and close the dialog. Help Click to display this On-Line Help document.

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Pyramid Layers Options

Pyramid Layers Options You can create pyramid layers for the current layer with this dialog from the Image Commands dialog. The dialog opens when you activate the Compute Pyramid Layers checkbox and click on the Options... button. Using pyramid layers reduces processing and display time for large images.

Pyramid Layer Options Set the parameters for pyramid creation by providing the following information: Kernel Size: Click on this popup list to select the kernel size for generating pyramid layers. 2X2 Use a 2 x 2 kernel to create pyramid layers. 4X4 Use a 4 x 4 kernel to create pyramid layers. External File Activate the checkbox to place the pyramid layers in an external file.

Cancel Click to cancel this process and close the dialog. OK Click to accept pyramid options and close this dialog. Help Click to see on-line on this dialog.

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Coordinate Calculator

Coordinate Calculator The Coordinate Calculator is a utility that enables you to convert ground control coordinates from one map projection, spheroid, or datum to another. To access this dialog, select Tools | Coordinate Calculator... from the ERDAS IMAGINE icon panel menu bar.

File Click for options to open new Coordinate Calculator windows, load ground control point files, save, and close. New

Click to open a new Coordinate Calculator window.

Load... Click to load an IMAGINE ground control coordinate file (.gcc extension). The Load dialog is opened. Compute Point Grid... Click to compute a point grid for a selected file to be used for image reprojection. The Compute Point Grid dialog is opened. Save

Click to save the output coordinates to the original file name.

Save As... Click to save the output coordinates to a new file name. The Save As dialog is opened. Close

Click to close this Coordinate Calculator window.

Edit Click to access edit options. Cut

Click to delete the current selection.

Copy

Click to copy the currently selected columns to a paste buffer.

Paste

Click to paste the contents of the buffer into the selected columns.

Select All Columns

Click to select all columns.

Deselect All Columns Select All Rows

Click to deselect all selected columns.

Click to select all rows.

Deselect All Rows

Click to deselect all selected rows.

Select Rows by Criteria... Click to select rows by criteria. The Select Criteria dialog is opened.

Projection Click to specify input and output projections. Clear Input Projection

Click to remove the input projection parameters.

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Coordinate Calculator Set Input Projection and Units... Click to set up the input projection parameters. The Input Projection and Units Setup dialog is opened. Clear Output Projection

Click to remove the output projection parameters.

Set Output Projection... Click to set up the output projection parameters. The Output Projection and Units Setup is opened.

Help Click to see this On-Line Help document. Help for CoordCalc Display Help for the Coordinate Calculator Show Version...

Click to load an IMAGINE .gcc file into the Coordinate Calculator window. The Load dialog opens.

Click to open a new Coordinate Calculator window.

Click to compute a point grid from an image file. The Compute Point Grid dialog opens.

Click to print the information in the selected columns.

Click to copy the selected columns.

Click to paste the contents of the paste buffer.

Input: The input map projection is reported. Output: The output map projection is reported. (CellArray) The input and output coordinates are shown in an IMAGINE CellArray. Right-hold in the Row column for the Row Selection popup. Right-hold on any column heading for the Column Options popup. Coordinate Name

Shows the name of each coordinate in the input file.

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Coordinate Calculator Input X

Shows the X coordinate of the point from the input file.

Input Y

Shows the Y coordinate of the point from the input file.

Output X

Shows the converted X coordinate of the point.

Output Y

Shows the converted Y coordinate of the point.

➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

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Load

Load This dialog enables you to load coordinates from an IMAGINE .gcc (ground control coordinate) file into the input columns of the Coordinate Calculator CellArray. NOTE: ASCII text files can be loaded using the CellArray Column options. To access this dialog, select File | Load... from the Coordinate Calculator menu bar or click the icon on the tool bar.

Load File: Select the file to load. The default file extension is .gcc. New Points Should Specify whether new points should overwrite or be appended to existing points. Overwrite Current Points

Click to overwrite the existing ground control points.

Append After Current Points points.

Click to append the points to the existing ground control

OK Click to load the points from the selected file into the Coordinate Calculator window and close this dialog.

Cancel Click to cancel this process and close this dialog. Help Click to see this On-Line Help document. ➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

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Compute Point Grid

Compute Point Grid This dialog enables you to create a point grid for images. You have the option to save these points to a .gcc (ground control coordinate) file. After the grid points are calculated, the CellArray is populated with the point values. To access this dialog, select File | Compute Point Grid... from the Coordinate Calculator menu bar.

Image File: Select the file for which to create a point grid. The default file extension is .img.

New Points Should Specify whether new points should overwrite or be appended to existing points. Overwrite Current Points

Click to overwrite the existing ground control points.

Append After Current Points points.

Click to append the points to the existing ground control

Grid Density X: Set the number of columns to be used for the grid. The default is 8. Y: Set the number of rows to be used for the grid. The default is 8. OK Click to create a point grid for the selected file and close this dialog. The grid points will be displayed in the Coordinate Calculator CellArray.

Cancel Click to cancel this process and close this dialog. Help Click to see this On-Line Help document. ➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

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Save As

Save As This dialog enables you to save the converted coordinates to a new file. To access this dialog, select File | Save As... from the Coordinate Calculator menu bar.

Save Output Coords As: Enter the name of the file to be saved. The .gcc extension will be added automatically.

OK Click to save the file and close this dialog. Cancel Click to cancel this process and close this dialog. Help Click to see this On-Line Help document. ➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

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Input Projection and Units Setup

Input Projection and Units Setup This dialog displays current projection information for the input file and allows you to change the map units. It also provides access to the Projection Chooser where you may change the input file projection. This dialog is opened when you select Projection | Set Input Projection and Units... from the Coordinate Calculator menu bar.

Current Input Projection: Projection information about the input file is displayed in the following fields. Projection: Spheroid: Zone Number: Datum:

Set Input Projection... Click to open the Projection Chooser to change the projection. Map Units: Select the new map units from the popup list. OK Click to apply the new projection and map units and close the dialog. Cancel Click to cancel this operation and close the dialog Help Click to display this help file.

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Output Projection and Units Setup

Output Projection and Units Setup This dialog displays current projection information for the output file and allows you to change the map units. It also provides access to the Projection Chooser where you may change the output file projection. This dialog is opened when you select Projection | Set Output Projection and Units... from the Coordinate Calculator menu bar.

Current Output Projection: Projection information about the output file is displayed in the following fields. Projection: Spheroid: Zone Number: Datum:

Set Output Projection... Click to open the Projection Chooser to change the projection.

Map Units: Select the new map units from the popup list. OK Click to apply the new projection and map units and close the dialog. Cancel Click to cancel this operation and close the dialog Help Click to display this help file.

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Movie

Movie The Movie utility enables you to view a series of frames (images) in succession. You can vary the speed at which the images are displayed by selecting the number of frames per second. These frames are stored in an .mov file that is created with the Edit | Create/Edit Sequence option in this dialog’s menu bar. All frames that you include in a movie sequence should contain contrast tables for the best results. If you have an image that is already loaded into a movie sequence and that image is changed, then select Edit | Edit Sequence from the menu bar. Then select Edit | Apply Changes from the CellArray menu bar. This dialog is opened when you left-hold Tools | Create/Display Movie Sequences... from the ERDAS IMAGINE icon panel.

File Click to open and save .mov files and close the Movie utility. If you are using the Movie utility for the first time, left-hold Edit | Create/Edit Sequence to create a .mov file containing the frames that you want in the sequence. Open... Click to open a new movie file (.mov extension). The File Selector dialog is opened. New Movie...

Click to open a new Movie Viewer.

New Slide Show... Save...

Click to open a new Slide Show Viewer.

Click to save the current movie sequence.

☞ Windows or dialogs overlapping the VirtualGIS window when creating a movie from the VirtualGIS Viewer may corrupt the final output. Save As... Click to save the current movie sequence as a new file. The Save Sequence dialog is opened. Close

Click to close this movie sequence.

Close All

Click to close all movie sequences.

Edit Click to edit the current movie sequence. Create/Edit Sequence dialog is opened.

Click to create or edit a sequence of frames. The Movie Edit

Set View Area... Click to set the view extent of the frames in the sequence. The Set View Area dialog is opened.

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Movie Reset View Area Click to reset the view extent of the frames to the default, which is a magnification of one (one file pixel equals one screen pixel). Fit Window To Image

Click to resize the window to fit the frames in the sequence.

If you have selected Set View Area... prior to selecting this option, then that view area is maintained. Fit Image To Window

Click to resize the frames to fit the window.

If you have selected Set View Area... prior selecting this option, then that view area will not be maintained.

Motion Click to control the motion of the movie. i

(Windows 95 only) The Media Player may freeze when displaying AVI movies created with a video compressor. If this occurs, record the AVI movie with Full Frames or download the Microsoft Active Movie application from the Microsoft web site. Play

Click to start the movie sequence.

Stop

Click to stop the movie sequence.

Forward Frame

Click to move one frame forward in the sequence.

Reverse Frame

Click to move one frame backward in the sequence.

Help Click to see this On-Line Help document. Click to open a new movie file (.mov extension). The File Selector dialog is opened.

Click to save the current movie sequence.

Click to start the movie sequence.

Click to go to the next frame in the sequence.

Click to go to the previous frame in the sequence.

Click to stop the movie sequence.

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Movie

Click to pause the movie sequence on the current frame. Click again to re-start the movie.

Frame #: The currently displayed frame is reported. Change this number to display a particular frame number. You can view frame numbers in the Movie Edit dialog (select Edit | Create/Edit Sequence).

Speed: Enter the rate at which to display the frames. The default is 8. If you selected New Movie ... from the File menu, the rate units are frames per second (F/S). f you selected New Slide Show... from the File menu, the rate units are seconds per frame (S/F).

➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

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Save Sequence

Save Sequence This dialog enables you to save a movie sequence as a new file. It opens when you select File | Save As... from the Movie menu bar.

Input Sequence File: Enter the name of the new movie file. The default file extension is .mov.

Save Full File Paths Click to save the full path names of all frames (images) in the sequence. By default this option is selected (on). If you do not save the full file paths, then the .mov file must be in the same directory as the images.

OK Click to save the sequence file and close this dialog. Cancel Click to cancel this process and close this dialog. Help Click to see this On-Line Help file. ➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

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Movie Edit

Movie Edit This dialog consists of a CellArray that enables you to create or edit a movie sequence by adding frames (images) and arranging the order of those frames. If you are creating a new movie sequence, first select Edit | Add Frame... from this dialog’s menu bar to start adding frames to the sequence. After a frame is added, deleted, or the order of frames is changed, you must select Edit | Apply Changes to make the change to the .mov file. This dialog opens when you select Edit | Create/Edit Sequence... from the Movie menu bar.

File Click to close this dialog. Close

Click to close this dialog.

Edit Click to add frames, delete frames, or rearrange frames. Apply Changes Click to apply any changes made to the CellArray to the .mov file. Until this option is selected, no changes are made to the .mov file. You must also select this option if an image contained in the sequence has been updated or changed. Delete Frame

Click to delete the selected frame from the movie sequence.

Add Frame... Click to add a frame(s) to the movie sequence. The Add Frame to Movie dialog is opened. If you want to add a frame above or below a selected frame, move the current image arrow (>) to that image before selecting this option. Move Up

Click to move the selected frame up one position in the CellArray.

Move Down

Click to move the selected frame down one position in the CellArray.

Remove Frames

Click to remove all frames from the sequence.

Help Click to see this On-Line Help document. Click to move the selected frame up one position in the CellArray.

Click to move the selected frame down one position in the CellArray.

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Movie Edit

If you want to add a frame above or below a selected frame, move the current image arrow (>) to that image before selecting this option.

Click to delete the selected frame from the sequence.

(CellArray) The CellArray contains the following columns. Along with the options that are included in this dialog, you can also edit the CellArray using the regular CellArray capabilities, such as those found in the Row Selection and Column Options menus. Right-hold in the Row column for the Row Selection popup. Right-hold on any column heading for the Column Options popup. Frame # Indicates the frame number. This column cannot be edited. Rearrange the frame order to change the frame number of a particular frame. >

Indicates the current column.

Filename Red Green Blue

Lists the full path and file name of the frame.

Lists the band that is displayed in the red color gun. Lists the band that is displayed in the green color gun. Lists the band that is displayed in the blue color gun.

S This column indicates whether the image should be contrast stretched when it is displayed. By clicking in this column, an X is placed in that row, indicating that the image will be contrast stretched using the contrast table stored with the image. If the image does not have a contrast table, a 2 standard deviation stretch will be applied. This stretch will typically work only with 8-bit data, so it is advised that all images in the sequence contain contrast tables. Click again to remove the X. To save the contrast table for an image, use the Image Interpreter Radiometric Enhancement | LUT Stretch option. You can also use the Raster | Enhance Area | Histogram/LUT Adjustment option of the Viewer menu bar.

➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

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Set View Area

Set View Area This dialog enables you to specify the image area displayed of all frames in the movie sequence. You must enter file coordinates only. This dialog opens when you select Edit | Set View Area... from the Movie menu bar.

Use File Units Only Enter the file coordinates that are in the Inquire Box only. ULX:

Enter the upper left corner X coordinate of the image area to view.

ULY:

Enter the upper left corner Y coordinate of the image area to view.

LRX:

Enter the lower right corner X coordinate of the image area to view.

LRY:

Enter the lower right corner Y coordinate of the image area to view.

Use Inquire Box Click to use an inquire cursor box to select the image area to view. To use this option, you must have the inquire box displayed in a Viewer with File coordinates selected. When you click this option, the coordinates of the inquire box are automatically entered into this dialog.

Apply Click to apply the selected view area. A progress meter will indicate the job status. When the process is complete, the movie sequence will show only the image area selected.

Close Click to close this dialog. Help Click to see this On-Line Help document. ➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

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Add Frame To Movie

Add Frame To Movie This dialog enables you to add frames (images) to a movie sequence. For the best results, the frames you add should have contrast tables. This dialog remains open until you click the Close button so that you can easily add multiple frames to a sequence at one time. The Insert Position options allow you to control where in the sequence a particular frame is placed. These positions are relative to the currently selected frame. This is the frame indicated by the > column of the CellArray. This dialog is opened when you select Edit | Add Frame... from the Movie Edit menu bar.

Input Image File: Enter the frame to add to the sequence. The default file extension is .img.

Band Combination: For multiband images, enter the band combination to use in the movie sequence. Red:

Enter the band to display in the red color gun.

Green: Blue:

Enter the band to display in the green color gun. Enter the band to display in the blue color gun.

Insert Position: Use these radio buttons to select the placement of this frame in the sequence. Beginning End

Click to place this frame at the beginning of the sequence.

Click to place this frame at the end of the sequence.

After Selected Frame Click to place this frame after the selected frame (indicated by the > column of the CellArray). Before Selected Frame Click to place this frame before the selected frame (indicated by the > column in the CellArray).

Add Click to add the selected frame to the sequence. A new row will be added to the CellArray. Close Click to cancel this process and close this dialog. Help Click to see this On-Line Help document. ➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

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VUE Player

VUE Player This utility enables you to view a series of .vue files created using the File | Save | View... option in the Viewer menu bar. The first time you use the VUE Player, you will need to create a VUE Player list. Select Edit | Add Views... and select the views to include in the list. This dialog is opened when you select Tools | Create/Display Viewer Sequences... from the ERDAS IMAGINE icon panel menu bar.

File Click to create new VUE Players, open VUE Player lists, save, and close. New

Click to open a new VUE Player.

Open... Save

Click to open a VUE Player list. The File Selector dialog is opened. Click to save the current VUE Player list.

Save As... Click to save the current VUE Player list to another file. The File Selector dialog is opened. Close

Click to close the VUE Player.

Close All

Click to close all open VUE Players.

Edit Click to add, delete, or change views in a player list. Add View... opened.

Click to add a new view to the VUE Player list. The File Selector dialog is

Delete Selected Views

Click to delete the selected view(s) from the VUE Player list.

Change View... Click to replace the current view in the VUE Player list. The File Selector dialog is opened.

View Click for viewing options. Display Forward the >).

Click to display the views forward from the current view (indicated by

Display Backward Click to display the views backward from the current view (indicated by the >). Stop Display

Click to stop the display of views.

Set Display Interval... Click to set the interval between displaying views. The Set Display Interval dialog is opened.

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VUE Player Lock Views Click to leave the views displayed. A new Viewer is opened each time a new view is displayed. Auto Wrap Click to enable/disable auto-wrapping mode. When auto-wrapping is enabled, the views will be redisplayed until you click Stop Display or click the stop icon on the tool bar. When auto-wrap is disabled, the views will be displayed only once.

Help Left-hold to see this On-Line Help document. Help for VUE Player Display Help for VUE Player

Click to open a VUE Player list. The File Selector dialog is opened.

Click to save the current VUE Player list.

Click to display the views forward from the current view (indicated by the >).

Click to display the views backward from the current view (indicated by the >).

Click to stop the display of views.

(CellArray) The views in the VUE Player list are shown in an ERDAS IMAGINE CellArray with the following columns. Right-hold in the Row column for the Row Selection popup. Right-hold on any column heading for the Column Options popup. Row Indicates the row number. Views are numbered sequentially as they are added to the VUE Player list. >

Indicates the current view. Click in this column to display that view.

View Description View

You can enter a description for each view in this column.

Shows the path and file name of the views. This column is read-only.

➲ For more information about the VUE Player and .vue files, see the Using the VUE Player Utility section of this on-line manual.

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VUE Player

➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

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Set Display Interval

Set Display Interval This dialog enables you to set the length of time that each view is displayed before another view is loaded. It is opened when you select View | Set Display Interval... in the VUE Player menu bar.

Speed: Enter the number of seconds to display each view. The default is 15 seconds. Manual Step Turn on to indicate that you want to manually step through the views. The Speed option is disabled if you click this check box. When this option is enabled, the arrow icons on the tool bar and the Display Forward and Display Backward options in the View menu will display the next view.

OK Click to use this display interval and close this dialog. Cancel Click to cancel this process and close this dialog. Help Click to see this On-Line Help document. ➲ For more information about the VUE Player and .vue files, see the Using the VUE Player Utility section of this on-line manual.

➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

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Using the VUE Player Utility

Using the VUE Player Utility The VUE Player utility is designed to allow you to save particular views and map compositions for later recall, for example as a demonstration. You can create a detailed, slow playback of a process, unlike the Movie utility that quickly displays a series of images in a single Viewer. You have the option to leave each view on the screen while other views are read, or you can load one view at a time (the previous view is cleared before the next view is loaded). VUE Files The files used in the VUE Player have the extension .vue. These files are created by selecting File | Save | View... in the Viewer or Map Composer menu bars. Before selecting this option, you should make sure that the Viewer or map compositions is positioned where you want it, sized correctly, etc., because the size and position of the Viewer on the screen is also saved as part of the .vue file. The .vue file is very similar to a map composition file (.map). This file stores information about the view so that the exact view can be recreated later. If the image that was displayed in the Viewer when the view was saved is altered, the view will also change. Files are referenced in the .vue file; they are not copied. Therefore, if an image is moved to another directory, the VUE Player will not be able to find it. However, a dialog is opened to inform you that the view could not be found and you can select another path and/or file name. VPL Files Once you have created several views, you can load them into the VUE Player and save this list as a .vpl file. This file is simply a list of the .vue files that you have added into the VUE Player. This list can be changed by using the tools in the VUE Player itself. When searching for .vue files when a .vpl file is opened, IMAGINE first searches the directory stated in the .vpl file. If the files are not found there, the directory of the .vpl file is searched. If the files are still not found, the Locate File Dialog appears. A specific path and file name must be entered. You can edit a .vpl file by changing an absolute path to a relative path. The relative path must be relative to the path of the .vpl file.

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Image Drape

Image Drape This is the main viewer for the Image Drape tool. From this viewer you can access all of the Image Drape functions and tools. The Image Drape viewer opens when you select Tools | Image Drape... from the IMAGINE icon panel or when you select Utility | Image Drape... from an IMAGINE Viewer.

File Click to open the following menu of options: New

Click here and then select Image Drape... to create a new Image Drape viewer.

ImageDrape... Click here to create a new Image Drape viewer. Open

Click here and then select Raster Layer... or Project...

Raster Layer... Click here to open a DEM/Raster Layer. The Select Layer To Add dialog opens. Project... Click here to open a project file. The Select Layer To Add dialog opens. Save

Click here and then select Project... to save the current scene to a project file.

Project... Click here to save the current scene to a project file. The Save To Project dialog opens. View to Image File... Click to save the current view to an .img file. The Convert Viewer to .img dialog opens. Print... Click to print the contents of the Image Drape viewer. The Print dialog opens. Close Top Layer Click to close the top feature layer in the Image Drape viewer. Clear Scene Click to remove all data from the scene in the Image Drape viewer, including DEMs. Close ImageDrape Click to close the Image Drape viewer.

Utility Click to open the following menu of options: Options... Click to open the Options dialog, which enables you to select options for viewing the image in the Image Drape viewer. Dump Contents to Viewer Click to open an IMAGINE Viewer that contains the contents of the Image Drape viewer. Layer Info... Click to open the Image Info dialog, which shows information for the top truecolor, grayscale, or pseudocolor layer.

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Image Drape HFA Info... Click to open the HFA Info dialog, which shows HFA Information for the .img layer.

View Click to open the following menu of options: ☞ When the Image Drape or VirtualGIS viewer is actively updating, do not place other windows over the viewer or move the viewer. This will cause some areas inside the Image Drape or VirtualGIS viewer to not display correctly. If this does occur, simply press the Update Display option on the toolbar of the viewer. Update Display Click to re-render the image in the Image Drape viewer. LOD Control... Click to open the Level of Detail dialog, which allows you to adjust the level of detail settings. Arrange Layers... Click to open the Arrange Layers dialog, which allows you to rearrange the layers of images in the Image Drape viewer or highlight the current DEM if multiple DEMs exist. Sun Positioning... Click to open the Sun Positioning dialog, which allows you to reposition the sun in the viewer image so that shadows are cast in different areas. Link/Unlink with Viewer Click to link the image in the Image Drape viewer with the image in the IMAGINE Viewer. Show Coverage in Viewer

Click to show coverage in the Image Drape viewer.

Background Color... Click to change or adjust the background color. The Background Color dialog is opened.

Position Click to open the following menu of options: Current Position... Click to open the Position Parameters dialog, which enables you to make changes to the observer’s position and the direction of the view in the Image Drape viewer. Reset Position Click to reset the image to its original position. Save Position Click to save the current position parameters to the Positions Editor. Goto Last Click to go to the last saved position. Positions Editor... Click to open the Positions Editor, which enables you to view and edit all previously saved positions.

Raster Click to open the following menu of options:

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Image Drape Band Combinations Click to open the Band Combinations dialog, which enables you to change the default colors for the band combinations in the Image Drape viewer. Toggle Transparency Click to toggle pixel transparency in the top raster layer.

Help Click to open the following menu of options: Help for ImageDrape

Click to view the On-line Help for Image Drape.

Click to open a DEM or Raster Overlay in the Image Drape viewer. The Select Layer To Add dialog opens. This is the same as selecting File | Open | Raster Layer... or Project... from the menu bar.

Click to close the top feature layer in the Image Drape viewer. This is the same as selecting File | Close Top Layer from the menu bar.

Click to open the Image Info dialog, which shows information for the top truecolor, grayscale, or pseudocolor layer. This is the same as selecting Utility | Layer Info... from the menu bar.

Click to re-render the image in the Image Drape viewer. This is the same as selecting View | Update Display from the menu bar.

Click to print the contents of the Image Drape viewer. The Print dialog opens. This is the same as selecting File | Print... from the menu bar.

Click to remove all layers from the Image Drape viewer. This is the same as selecting File | Clear Scene from the menu bar.

Click to save the current position parameters in the Positions Editor. This is the same as selecting Position | Save Position from the menu bar.

Click to go to the last saved position. This is the same as selecting Position | Goto Last from the menu bar.

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Image Drape

Click to open the Position Parameters dialog, which enables you to make changes to the observer’s position and the direction of the view in the Image Drape viewer. This is the same as selecting Position | Current Position... from the menu bar.

Click to open an IMAGINE Viewer that contains the contents of the Image Drape viewer. This is the same as selecting Utility | Dump Contents to Viewer from the menu bar.

Click to open the Sun Positioning dialog, which allows you to reposition the sun in the viewer image so that shadows are cast in different areas. This is the same as selecting View | Sun Positioning... from the menu bar.

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Background Color

Background Color This dialog enables you to change the background color of the scene in the Image Drape Viewer. It opens when you select View | Background Color... in the Image Drape viewer menu bar.

Background Color: Right-hold on the popup list to select a background color for the scene in the Image Drape viewer. Ok Click to apply the background color you have selected to the scene in the Image Drape viewer.

Cancel Click to cancel this process. The current background color will not change. Help Click to view the On-Line Help for this dialog.

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Band Combinations (from ImageDrape)

Band Combinations (from ImageDrape) This dialog enables you to change the default colors for the band combinations in the Image Drape viewer. This dialog opens when you select Raster | Band Combinations from the Image Drape viewer menu bar.

Number of Layers: The total number of layers in the image is displayed here. Layers to Colors: Select the layer combinations for red, green, and blue. Red: Enter the layer to use for the red band. Green: Enter the layer to use for the green band. Blue: Enter the layer to use for the blue band.

Apply Click to apply the new layer combination to the image. Close Click to close this dialog. Help Click to view the On-Line Help for this dialog.

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Raster Options (from ImageDrape)

Raster Options (from ImageDrape) This file tab is part of the Select Layer To Add dialog. When this tab is selected, the user is able to view and edit the raster options for the currently selected file. The Raster Options display when you select File | Open | Raster Layer... from the menu bar in the Image Drape viewer, or when you click the icon in the tool bar. You must then click the Raster Options tab at the top of the Select Layer To Add dialog.

Raster Options Make changes to the Raster options displayed in this file tab. If the image contains one band, then the options will be set to DEM by default. DEM

Turn on this radio button if the selected file is a DEM file (Digital Elevation Model). NOTE: You may load multiple DEM files into Image Drape.

Band #: Enter the band number to display in the viewer. Level of Detail (%): If necessary, enter a number to increase the image resolution. The higher the number, the higher the resolution and the slower the display. The lower the number, the lower the resolution and the faster the display. Clear Display Click on this check box to clear the current image displayed in the Image Drape viewer and replace it with the newly selected image. Raster Overlay

Turn on this radio button if the selected file is a Raster Overlay.

Display as: Click on the popup list to select one of the following three options for displaying the raster image: True Color Select this item from the Display as: popup list if the image contains multiple layers. Red:

Select the layer to use for the Red color gun.

Green: Blue:

Select the layer to use for the Green color gun. Select the layer to use for the Blue color gun.

Pseudo Color Select this item from the Display as: popup list if the image contains one layer. Layer: Gray Scale one layer.

Select the layer to use for the Pseudo Color image. Select this item from the Display as: popup list if the image contains

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Raster Options (from ImageDrape) Layer:

Select the layer to use for the Gray Scale image.

Clear Display Click on this check box to clear the current image displayed in the Image Drape viewer and replace it with the newly selected image. No Stretch

Click on this check box to apply no stretch to the image.

Background Transparent transparent.

Click on this check box to make the image background

Level of Detail (%): If necessary, enter a number to increase the image resolution. The higher the number, the higher the resolution and the slower the display. The lower the number, the lower the resolution and the faster the display.

Help This help button displays help for this tab. To display on-line help for other tabs on this dialog, click the Help button on the right side of the dialog.

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Save To Project

Save To Project This dialog enables you to save the image in the Image Drape viewer to a Project (.vwp) file. This dialog opens when you select File | Save | Project... from the Image Drape viewer menu bar.

Project: Enter the name of the Project file you wish to save to or click on the Open icon to select from a file list.

OK Click to save to the selected Project file. The file will have a .vwp extension. Close Click to close this dialog and cancel the save. Help Click to view the On-line Help for this dialog.

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Image Drape Options

Image Drape Options This dialog enables you to select options for viewing the image in the Image Drape viewer. This is a File Chooser dialog, so clicking on the file tabs at the top of the dialog will provide you with different groups of options. This dialog opens when you select Utility | Options... from the Image Drape viewer menu bar.

DEM Click on this file tab to select the following DEM options: Exaggeration Click on the checkbox to activate this option and then enter the elevation multiplier.

☞ When exaggeration is applied to either Image Drape or Virtual GIS, the observer’s height is not exaggerated with the terrain. Therefore, it is possible to exaggerate the terrain to an elevation that is equal to or higher than the current position of the observer. If this happens, use the Current Position tool to increase the observer’s elevation to a point higher than the exaggerated terrain. Terrain Color Click on the checkbox to activate this option and then right-hold on the accompanying popup list to select a color for the terrain. Viewing Range Click on the checkbox to activate this option and then enter the distance that the observer can see across the image. The units are the same as the image’s projection units. Elevation Units Click on the checkbox to activate this option and then click on the accompanying popup list to select one of the following units of elevation: Feet

The units of elevation are feet.

Meters

The units of elevation are meters.

Render Back Side Click on the checkbox to activate this option. Activating this option will allow you to view the underside, or backside, of the image.

Fog Click on this file tab to select the following Fog options: Switch: Click to activate the Color and Density Fog options for editing, and also to turn the fog off and on in the viewer image. Color:

Right-hold on the popup list to select the Fog color.

Density: Enter the percentage of density for the fog. The acceptable range is 0% to 100%. The higher the percentage, the thicker and more dense the fog. The density function is exponential.

Background Click on this file tab to select the following Background options: 86

Image Drape Options Solid Color

Select this option from the popup list to create a solid background color.

Background Color: Right-hold on the popup list to select a color for the background. Fade Color Select this option from the popup list to choose background colors that fade from a start color (at the horizon) to an end color (at the top of the Image Drape viewer). Start Color: Right-hold on the popup list to select a color for the background. This is the color that will display on the horizon. End Color: Right-hold on the popup list to select a color for the background. This is the color that will display at the top of the Image Drape viewer. Fade Range: Select the range in which to spread out the color fade. The higher the range, the more spread out the colors will be. Image

Select this option from the popup list to use an .img file for the background.

Image File Name: Enter the name of the .img file you wish to use for the background or click on the Open icon to select a file from a file list.

Apply Click to apply changes to the image in the Image Drape viewer. Close Click to close this dialog. Help Click to view the On-Line Help for this dialog.

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Convert Viewer to .img

Convert Viewer to .img This dialog enables you to convert the image in the Image Drape viewer to an .img file. This dialog opens when you select File | View to .IMG File... from the Image Drape menu bar.

☞ (PC Only) There cannot be any overlapping windows on the Image Drape viewer when updating the Image Drape or using the View to .IMG option.

Output .img: Enter the output file name or select a different path from the file list. OK Click to convert the image to the path and file name you have selected. Cancel Click to cancel the conversion and close this dialog. Help Click to view the On-Line Help for this dialog.

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Level Of Detail (from ImageDrape)

Level Of Detail (from ImageDrape) The Level of Detail dialog allows you to increase or decrease image resolution for DEM and Raster images. To open this dialog, select View | LOD Control from the Image Drape viewer menu bar.

DEM LOD (%): If necessary, enter a number to increase the image resolution. The higher the number, the higher the resolution and the slower the display. The lower the number, the lower the resolution and the faster the display.

Raster LOD (%): If necessary, enter a number to increase the image resolution. The higher the number, the higher the resolution and the slower the display. The lower the number, the lower the resolution and the faster the display.

Apply Click to apply the new level of detail to the image. Close Click to close this dialog. Help This help button displays help for this tab. To display on-line help for other tabs on this dialog, click the Help button on the right side of the dialog.

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Options

Options This tab allows you to clear the currently displayed scene from the viewer before opening another project. It is on the Select Layer To Add: dialog that is displayed when you select File | Open | Project... from the Image Drape menu bar.

Options Clear Scene Turn this checkbox on to clear the scene before opening project. Help This help button displays help for this tab. To display on-line help for other tabs on this dialog, click the Help button on the right side of the dialog.

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Print (from ImageDrape)

Print (from ImageDrape) Use this dialog to print the current scene. To open this dialog, select File | Print... from the Image Drape viewer menu bar.

Map Template: Select a template option. Landscape Select this option to print the current scene on a landscape page. Portrait Select this option to print the current scene on a portrait page. Other Select this option to print the current scene using another map composition template. Click the templates.

icon to open a File Selector dialog to display a list of available

Cancel Click this button to cancel the print operation and close the dialog. OK Click this button to use the selected template to print the scene and close the dialog. Help Click this button to display this help file.

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Eye/Target Edit

Eye/Target Edit This dialog allows the user to adjust the current position of the eye and target selectors in a viewer linked to Image Drape. Positions can only be adjusted from the dialog. To use this dialog, a DEM image must first be loaded in the Viewer. Select Utility | ImageDrape... from the Viewer menu bar to automatically link ImageDrape to the Viewer image. This dialog opens when you select Utility | Selector Properties... from the Viewer menu bar.

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When using the Eye/Target selector in the linked 2D Viewer to control movement in the VirtualGIS Viewer, the target location may automatically change if the terrain intersects the line between the eye point and the original target location.

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When linking the Image Drape or VirtualGIS Viewer to the IMAGINE Viewer, the IMAGINE Viewer sometimes reduces the imagery to appear very small. This is done to preserve the actual locations of the eye/target pair. To restore the imagery to a viewable scale, move the target point over the imagery, then press the default zoom button on the IMAGINE Viewer toolbar. Once the image is restored, press the Fit Image to Window option in the IMAGINE Viewer to locate the eye/target pair.

Eye

Enter data for the options below to manipulate the position of the observer in the Viewer image. X:

Enter the observer’s X position.

Y:

Enter the observer’s Y position.

Target Enter data for the options below to manipulate the position of the target in the Viewer image. X:

Enter the target’s X position.

Y:

Enter the target’s Y position.

Selector Color:

Right-hold this color patch to choose the selector color.

OK Click to accept the values of the coordinates. Cancel Click to cancel dialog. Help Click to open this On-line Help file.

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Arrange Layers

Arrange Layers This dialog enables you to view and rearrange the layers in the Image Drape viewer image. This dialog opens when you select View | Arrange Layers... from the Image Drape viewer menu bar.

File Click to select from the following options: Close Click to close this dialog.

Edit Click to select from the following options: Reset Click to reset this dialog to the original layer arrangement. Apply Click to apply changes to the image in the viewer. Next DEM Click to select the next DEM for viewing/editing (if multiple DEMs exist in the Image Drape). Previous DEM Click to select the previous DEM layer for viewing/editing. Delete Current DEM Click to delete the currently selected DEM layer.

Help Click to select from the following options: Help for Arrange Layers Click to view the On-line Help for this dialog.

Click to apply changes to the image in the viewer. This is the same as selecting Edit | Apply from the menu bar.

Click to reset this dialog to the original layer arrangement. This is the same as selecting Edit | Reset from the menu bar.

Click to select the previous DEM layer for viewing/editing. This is the same as selecting Edit | Previous DEM from the menu bar.

Click to select the next DEM for viewing/editing. This is the same as selecting Edit | Next DEM in the menu bar.

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Arrange Layers

Click to show the bounding boxes of each DEM in the Image Drape. The yellow bounding box represents the “current” DEM. Each raster overlay added is added to the current DEM.

Raster Layers: The currently selected Raster layer is displayed in the window.

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Positions Editor

Positions Editor This dialog enables you to store and edit the positions at which you view the image in the Image Drape viewer. This dialog works in conjunction with the Position Parameters dialog, which allows you to change your current position in the Image Drape viewer.The Positions Editor opens when you select Position | Positions Editor... from the menu bar.

File Click to access a menu with the following options: Save... Click to save the currently selected position to a file. The Save Positions dialog opens. Load... Click to load a position from a file to the Positions Editor CellArray. The Load Positions dialog opens. Close Click to close this dialog.

Edit Click to access a menu with the following options: Delete Current Entry Click to delete the currently selected entry. Clear All Entries Click to clear all entries. Add Current Position Click to add the current position to the CellArray. Show Positions

Click to show all saved positions.

Motion Click to access a menu with the following options: Goto Current Click to go to the currently selected position. The currently selected position will be the one with the carrot (>) next to the position number. Goto Next Click to go to the next position listed in the CellArray.

Help Click to access a menu with the following options: Help Click to view the On-line Help for this dialog.

Click to load a position from a file to the Positions Editor CellArray. This is the same as selecting File | Load... from the menu bar. The Load Positions dialog opens.

Click to save the currently selected position to a file. This is the same as selecting File | Save... from the menu bar. The Save Positions dialog opens.

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Positions Editor

Click to add the current position to the CellArray. This is the same as selecting Edit | Add Current Position from the menu bar.

Click to go to the last position that was saved in the Positions Editor.

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Load Positions (from ImageDrape)

Load Positions (from ImageDrape) This dialog enables you to load a position from a .pos file to the Positions Editor CellArray. You can create a .pos file by selecting a position in the Positions Editor and then selecting File | Save... from the menu bar. The Load Positions dialog opens when you select File | Load... in the Positions Editor menu bar.

Position File: Enter the name of the .pos file you wish to load to the Positions Editor or select a file from the file list.

OK Click to load the file to the Positions Editor CellArray. Cancel Click to cancel the load operation and close this dialog. Help Click to view the On-line Help for this dialog.

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Save Positions (from ImageDrape)

Save Positions (from ImageDrape) This dialog enables you to save positions in the Positions Editor CellArray to a .pos file. It opens when you select File | Save... from the Positions Editor menu bar.

Position File: Enter a name for the .pos file. If necessary, select a different path from the file list.

Save Only Current Turn on this check box to save only the currently selected position. All of the positions in the Positions Editor will be saved if this check box is turned off.

OK Click to save the position(s) as a .pos file. Cancel Click to cancel the save and close this dialog. Help Click to view the On-line Help for this dialog.

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Position Parameters

Position Parameters This dialog enables you to manipulate the position of both the observer and the viewing direction in the Image Drape viewer image. This dialog opens when you select Position | Current Position... from the Image Drape viewer menu bar or when you click the bar.

icon on the tool

Position: Enter data for the options below to manipulate the position of the observer in the Image Drape viewer image. X: Enter the observer’s X position. Y: Enter the observer’s Y position. AGL: Enter the number of feet or meters above ground level. Editing this field will automatically update the ASL: field. ASL: Enter the number of feet or meters above sea level. Editing this field will automatically update the AGL: field.

Direction: Enter data for the options below to manipulate the viewing direction in the Image Drape viewer image FOV: Enter the angle of the field of view (FOV), between 0 and 180 degrees. Pitch: Enter the pitch of the observer to the image. As the pitch gets higher, the image becomes less visible and the background become more visible to the observer (negative pitch looks down and positive pitch looks up). Azimuth: Enter the observer’s azimuth. As the azimuth increases, the observer’s view rotates clockwise. Roll: Enter the observer’s roll angle, between -360 and +360 degrees.

Profile: The Profile in the Positions Editor shows the profile of the terrain from the eye point of the observer down the center of their field-of-view. The red dot on the left side of the profile represents the observers elevation. The red point on the ground represents the target (or center of the observers field-of-view). The red line that connects the two points represents the viewing geometry of the ImageDrape. There are two yellow lines that extend from the observers eye point and are projected down to the ground. These lines represent the edges of the field-of-view. (i.e. the inside of the cone is what would be visible in the ImageDrape.)

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Position Parameters The user can drag the red dot (target) across the ground and up the other side of the profile to change the pitch of the observer in the ImageDrape. The dot on the left side of the profile can be dragged up and down to change the elevation of the observer. When the dot on the left side is released, the scale of the Profile is changed (i.e. if the user drags the elevation down and releases then the profile data will be magnified. If the user drags the elevation up, then the profile data will be reduced in size). All changes to the Profile will not be seen in the ImageDrape until the Apply button is pressed on the Positions Editor dialog.

Apply Click to apply the currently selected changes. Close Click to close this dialog. Help Click to view the On-line Help for this dialog.

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Sun Positioning (from ImageDrape)

Sun Positioning (from ImageDrape) This dialog enables you to manipulate the position of the sun in the Image Drape viewer image. Shadows are cast across the image in relation to the sun’s position. This dialog opens when you select View | Sun Positioning... from the Image Drape viewer menu bar or when you click the icon on the tool bar. Drag the dot in the window to manipulate the sun’s position. The image will update when you release the mouse button.

Light Switch Click to toggle sun shading on and off. Ambience: Enter data to adjust the ambience. Lighting is independent of Azimuth and Elevation.

Apply Click to apply the currently selected changes. Close Click to close this dialog. Help Click to view the On-line Help for this dialog.

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Mosaic Tool

Mosaic Tool Mosaicking is the process of joining georeferenced images together to form a larger image or a set of images. The input images must all contain map and projection information, although they need not be in the same projection or have the same cell sizes. Calibrated input images are also supported. All input images must have the same number of layers. A reference image is selected in the Ref column of the CellArray. This reference image acts as the baseline for contrast matching and determines the default output map projection, cell sizes, and data type. Click the Data Prep icon in the ERDAS IMAGINE icon panel menu bar and then select Mosaic Images... from the Data Preparation menu to access this dialog.

File Click for New, Open, Save, Save As, and Close options. New... Open...

Click to begin a new Mosaic Tool. Click to open an existing .mos file. The Open Mosaic File dialog is opened.

Save Click to save the modified .mos file. If the file has not been modified, this option will be disabled. Save As... Click to save the current .mos file to a new directory or file name. The Save Mosaic File dialog is opened. Annotation... Click to display a dialog to add a graphic representation of the input and output images’ boundaries to be saved to an annotation file. The Mosaic to Annotation dialog is opened. Close Click to close this Mosaic Tool. Close All Click to close all Mosaic Tools.

Edit Click to access the edit options. Image List... Click to show the Input Image List CellArray. Add Images... Click to add image files to a new or existing .mos file. The Add Images for Mosaic dialog is opened. Delete Image(s) Click to remove an image file from the current .mos file. The item must be selected in the CellArray. Image Matching... Click to display the Matching Options Dialog. Intersection List... Click to show the Mosaic Intersection List Cellarray.

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Mosaic Tool Set Overlap Function... Click to display the Overlap Function Options. Output List... Click to show the Mosaic Output List Cellarray. Output Options... Click to set the Output Image Options. Delete Outputs Click to delete the selected outputs.

Process Run Mosaic... Click to display the Run Mosaic dialog and to run the mosaic process to a disk.

Help Help for Mosaic Tool

Click to view the On-Line Help for the Mosaic Tool.

Click to add an item to the file list. This is the same as selecting Edit | Add Images... from the menu bar. The Add Images for Mosaic dialog is opened.

Click to set the mode for input images. This is one of the three modes of operation.

Click to set the mode for intersections. This is one of the three modes of operation.

Click to set the mode for output Images. This is one of the three modes of operation.

Click to reset the canvas to fit the display. This tool is mode independent.

Click to scale canvas to fit selected objects. This tool is mode independent.

Click to select a single point for querying. This tool is mode independent.

Click to select area for querying. This tool is mode independent.

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Mosaic Tool

Click to zoom image IN by 2. This tool is mode independent.

Click to zoom image OUT by 2. This tool is mode independent.

Click to select an area for zooming. This tool is mode independent.

Click to roam the canvas. This tool is mode independent.

Depending upon which mode you are in, click to display the Mosaic Image List dialog, the Mosaic Intersection List, or the Mosaic Output List.

Click to display the Image Resample Options dialog. This tool is available when you are using the Input mode.

Click to display the Image Matching Options dialog. This tool is available when you are using the Input mode.

Click to send selected image(s) to the top in the stacking order. This tool is available when you are using the Input mode.

Click to send selected image(s) up one in the stacking order. This tool is available when you are using the Input mode.

Click to send selected image(s) to the bottom in the stacking order. This tool is available when you are using the Input mode.

Click to send selected image(s) down one in the stacking order. This tool is available when you are using the Input mode.

Click to reverse the order of selected image(s) in the stacking order. This tool is available when you are using the Input mode.

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Mosaic Tool

Click to select the next intersection. This tool is available when you are using the Intersection mode.

Click to select the previous intersection. This tool is available when you are using the Intersection mode.

Click to display the Overlap Function dialog. This tool is available when you are using the Intersection mode.

Click to set default cutlines for intersections. This tool is available when you are using the Intersection mode.

Click to set aoi cutlines for intersections. This tool is available when you are using the Intersection mode.

Click to toggle the cutline application (keep other side). This tool is available when you are using the Intersection mode.

Click to toggle the cutline application (keep other side). This tool is available when you are using the Intersection mode.

Click to delete the cutlines for intersections. This tool is available when you are using the Intersection mode.

Click to open an IMAGINE Viewer. This tool is available when you are using the Intersection mode.

Click to access the Cutline Selection Viewer Auto mode. This tool is available when you are using the Intersection mode.

Click to set the Output Image Options dialog. This tool is available when you are using the Output mode.

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Mosaic Tool

➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

➲ For step-by-step instructions on using the Mosaic utility, see the ERDAS IMAGINE Tour Guides manual.

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Open Mosaic File

Open Mosaic File This dialog is used to open an existing FLS (File List) file. If no FLS files exist, you may create new ones using the File | New... option from the Mosaic Tool menu bar. Select File | Open... from the Mosaic Tool menu bar to access this dialog.

Mosaic File Name: Enter the name of the mosaic file you wish to open or select the file name from the file list.

OK Click to open the mosaic file you have selected. Cancel Click to not open a mosaic file and close this dialog. Help Click to view the On-Line Help for this dialog. ➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

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Save Mosaic File

Save Mosaic File This dialog enables you to save a file as a .mos (mosaic) file. This dialog opens when you select File | Save in the Mosaic Tool menu bar.

Mosaic Filename Enter the name of the mosaic file in the text entry field or select the appropriate file name in the list below. OK Click to save the mosaic file and close this dialog. Cancel Click to cancel the save process and close this dialog. Help Click to view On-Line Help for this dialog.

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Mosaic to Annotation

Mosaic to Annotation This dialog enables you to create an annotation layer from a mosaicked image. It opens when you select File | Annotation... from the Mosaic Tool menu bar.

Annotation Filename: Enter the name of the output annotation file in the text entry field or click on the Open File icon to select from a list of available files. Input Image Outlines Click this button to activate this option and then right-hold on the accompanying color patch to select a color. Activating this option specifies that the annotation layer should contain the outlines of all the input images.

Output Image Outlines Click this button to activate this option and then right-hold on the accompanying color patch to select a color. Activating this option specifies that the annotation layer should contain the outlines of all the output images.

OK Click to accept your options and create the annotation layer. The dialog closes. Cancel Click to cancel your changes and close this dialog. Help Click to view the On-Line Help for this dialog.

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Mosaic Image List

Mosaic Image List This dialog shows all of the current input images to be mosaicked and their attributes. They are in the bottom-to-top stacking order. The first column is an exclusive column, defining which single image is to be used as the reference image. The Area column reports how the active area of the image was determined. The Resample and RMS columns report information regarding the resampling technique used for this image and the RMS Error of the transformation. This dialog opens when you select Edit | Image List... from the Mosaic Tool menu bar.

Add... Click to display the Add Images for Mosaic dialog. Delete Click to delete your selections from the image list. Close Click to close this dialog. Help Click to view the On-Line Help for this dialog.

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Add Images for Mosaic

Add Images for Mosaic This dialog enables you to add image files to the mosaicking process. For each image file, the active area used in mosaicking can be defined through Image Area Options (below). The Mosaic Image List dialog can be used to browse all of the files that have been added into the mosaicking tool. Select Edit | Add Images... from the Mosaic Tool menu bar to access this dialog. This dialog can also be accessed from the File | New... menu option.

Image Filename: Enter the name of a georeferenced image file and press return or select the file name from the file list window. The default file extension is .img.

Image List Filename: The name of the file list to be matched is displayed here for verification.

Method: Select the method for adding images Individual File Click to add images one at a time. All in Directory Click to add all images in an entire directory. From File List Click to add images from a specific ASCII file list. Refer to Mosaictool FLS File Format for a description of the file format.

Image Area Options: Select one of the following areas to be matched. Use Entire Image

Click to use the entire rectangular input file.

Compute Active Area

Click to compute the active area on the image.

Set... Click to display the active area computation options. The Active Area Options dialog is opened. Template AOI Click to cut the active area from the input image using the same AOI for each image.The AOI is converted to file coordinates to cut the same area from each image. Useful for removing fiducials from air photos. Set... Select a template AOI to apply to all the Images Individual AOI

Click to cut the active are from the input image using an arbitrary AOI.

Set... Select area of interest (AOI) for image

Add Click to add the selected file to the mosaic definition. If the selected file is not georeferenced, an error message will be displayed and the button will be disabled until another file is selected.

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Add Images for Mosaic

Close Click to close this dialog. Help Click to see this On-Line Help document. ➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

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Mosaictool FLS File Format

Mosaictool FLS File Format The FLS file in mosaictool is a way of listing all of the files that are to be mosaicked together, and it requires that you number the files, although this is not necessarily the order in which they are mosaicked. There is only one image per line, and the full path must be specified for each image. Both UNIX and PC line terminators are accepted, and environment variables are allowed. The FLS file format is the following: n Number-of-images i Reference-image 0 imagename_1 1 imagename_2 .... i imagename_i ... n-1 imagename_n Where n is the number of images in the list, i is the index number of the reference image, and imagename_i is the full name of each image in the list. Here is an example which has 3 images in the list, and the first image is used as the reference: 3 Number-of-images (the actual number of images) 0 Reference-image (identify the image) 0 /vol/products/imagine/version/jasper/root/examples/wasia1_mss.img 1 /vol/products/imagine/version/jasper/root/examples/wasia2_mss.img 2 /vol/products/imagine/version/jasper/root/examples/wasia3_tm.img

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Matching Options

Matching Options This dialog enables you to select options for histogram matching. This dialog opens when you select Edit | Image Matching... from the Mosaic Tool menu bar.

Matching Method: Select one of the following methods of matching: No Matching

No image matching will be performed between images.

For All Images all the images.

Matching lookup tables will be computed from the entire histogram for

Overlap Areas Matching lookup tables will be computed from the histograms of the overlap areas only.

Histogram Type: Select one of the following histogram types: Band by Band Select to use the raw data value histograms for matching. Intensity (RGB) Select to use the intensity histograms in IHS space for matching. This option is only available on True Color (i.e., three layers) imagery.

Pixel Value Type: Determine if existing contrast table should be used. Pixel Value

Use actual pixel values for histogram matching.

Contrast Table Map pixel values through contrast lookup tables for histogram matching. These contrast tables must have been previously created and saved using the Viewer contrast tools.

OK Click to apply the selected options to the image. Help Click to view the On-Line Help for this dialog.

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Mosaic Intersection List

Mosaic Intersection List This dialog contains an ordered list of image intersections from bottom to top. Attributes of the intersection are presented in the CellArray, including the cutline (if one exists), the overlap function, and the image which defined the intersection (called the top image). This dialog opens when you select Edit | Intersection List... from the Mosaic Tool menu bar.

Close Click to close this dialog. Help Click to view the On-Line Help for this dialog.

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Set Overlap Function

Set Overlap Function This dialog enables you to set the intersection type and overlap function for the mosaicked image. This dialog opens when you select Edit | Set Overlap Function... from the Mosaic Tool menu bar.

Intersection Type: Click one of the two radio buttons below to set functions on intersections which have either a defined or an undefined cutlines. No Cutline Exists Cutline Exists

Click if no cutlines exist for the selected intersections.

Click if cutlines exist for the selected images.

Select Function: The following selections display if you have selected Cutline Exists for the Intersection Type. Click on one of the radio buttons below to select a method of stitching the two images together. Cut Only

A simple Cut operation will be performed along the cutline.

Cut / Feather A Feathering operation will be performed out from the cutline across the entire intersect area. Cut / Feather by Distance A Feathering operation will be performed out from the cutline to a user-specified distance. Distance:

Specify the distance for the Cut/Feather by Distance.

Select Function: The following selections display if you have selected No Cutline Exists for the Intersection Type. Click on one of the radio buttons below to select a method of stitching the two images together. Overlay The overlap area belongs to the last image opened, which is on top in the stacking order. Average The value of each pixel in the overlap area is replaced by the average of the values of the corresponding pixels in the overlapping images. Minimum The value of each pixel in the overlap area is replaced by the lesser value of the corresponding pixels in the overlapping images. Maximum The value of each pixel in the overlap area is replaced by the greater value of the corresponding pixels in the overlapping images. Feather The overlap area is replaced by a linear interpolation of the pixels in the overlap. A pixel in the middle of the overlap area is 50% of each of the corresponding pixels in the overlapping images. A pixel 1/10 of the overlap from an edge would be 90% one image and 10% the other.

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Set Overlap Function

Apply Click to apply the settings you have selected to the selected intersections. Close Click to close this dialog Help Click to see the On-Line Help for this dialog.

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Mosaic Output List

Mosaic Output List This dialog contains a CellArray that lists all of the output images that are currently defined. If a single output image is defined, then the contents of the CellArray will be blank. This dialog opens when you select Edit | Output List... from the Mosaic Tool menu bar.

Delete Select one or more items from the list and then click this button to delete those outputs.

Close Click to close this dialog. Help Click to view the On-Line Help for this dialog.

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Output Image Options

Output Image Options This dialog enables you to select options for the output mosaic image. It opens when you select Edit | Output Options... from the Mosaic Tool menu bar.

Define Output Map Area(s): Select one of the following options for defining the output map area(s): Union of All Inputs Click to produce a single mosaic output file that is a union of all the input images. User-defined AOI Click to set the mosaic output file(s) from an AOI. Choosing this option enables the Output Multiple AOI Objects To: option. Map Series File (.msh) Click to use an .msh file created from the Map Series Tool to define the output images. USGS Maps Database images.

Click to use the USGS Maps database to define the output

Output Multiple AOI Objects To: This option is only available when User-defined AOI is selected under Define Output Map Area(s):. Multiple Files Click when the specified AOI contains multiple AOI objects, in order to create a separate output image for each object. A Single File

Click to create one output image containing all AOI objects.

Set Output AOI... Select Area Of Interest (AOI) for Output Image. This option is only available when User-defined AOI is selected under Define Output Map Area(s):.

Map Series Filename: This option is only available when Map Series File (.msh) is selected under Define Output Map Area(s):.

USGS Map Series: Click on the popup list to select the appropriate output file type. This option is only available when USGS Maps Database is selected under Define Output Map Area(s):.

Change Output Map Projection... Select the output map projection. The default is determined by the reference input image.

Output Cell Size: Enter the output cell size for the X and Y values. The defaults are determined by the reference input image.

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Output Image Options

Output Data Type: Click on the popup list to select the appropriate output file type. The defaults are determined by the reference input image.

OK Click to accept the options you have designated and close this dialog. Cancel Click to cancel any changes and close this dialog. Help Click to view the On-Line Help for this dialog.

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Run Mosaic

Run Mosaic This dialog enables you to run the mosaic process to a specified output file. It opens when you select Process | Run Mosaic... from the Mosaic Tool menu bar.

Output Root Name: Enter the name of the output mosaic images root in the text entry field or select the file name from the list. This option is available when doing a mosaic to multiple output files.

Output File Name: Enter the name of the output mosaic image in the text entry field or select the file name from the list. This option is available when doing a mosaic to a single output file. Which Outputs: When there is more than one mosaic output file, you may select All the outputs or a Selected subset. All Selected

Click to process all of the output files. Click to process the currently selected set of output files.

Ignore Input Values: Indicate what input values to ignore in the mosaic process. Output Background Value: Enter the background value for the output file(s) Stats Ignore Value: Click on the check box to activate this option and then enter the value to ignore when computing statistics for output file(s).

OK Click to run the mosaic process and close this dialog. Batch Click to place the mosaic process into the batch job queue. Cancel Click to cancel your selections and close this dialog. The mosaic process will not be run.

Help Click to view the On-Line Help for this dialog.

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Active Area Options

Active Area Options This dialog enables you to select from options for computing the active area. This dialog opens when you click on Compute Active Area in the Add Images for Mosaic dialog and then click Set... The default cutlines and the automatically computed active areas in are not always ideal. A digitized AOI should be used instead if you are not satisfied with the automatic solution.

Select Search Layer: Specify on which layer to perform the search. Background Value Range: Set the range of values to be considered background. Boundary Search Type: Select from Corner or Edge. Corner Edge

Computes a 4-sided polygon as the active area. Computes an arbitrary polygon around the entire edge of the imagery.

OK Click to accept your changes and close this dialog. Cancel Click to cancel your changes and close this dialog. Help Click to see the On-Line Help for this dialog.

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Image Resample Options

Image Resample Options This dialog enables you to select options for image resampling. It opens when you click the icon in the Mosaic Tool tool bar.

Grid Sampling Density: In order to perform image reprojection, a polynomial warp model must be computed from a uniform sampling of coordinates. Grid sampling density X & Y determine the density of points in the uniform sampling scheme to compute this polynomial model. X: Enter the number of points to sample in X. Y: Enter the number of points to sample in Y.

RMS Tolerance: (Currently an unused function) Method: Select resampling method from the following: Nearest Neighbor Select resampling method using Nearest Neighbor interpolation. Bilinear Interpolation Select resampling method using Bilinear interpolation. Cubic Convolution Select resampling method using Cubic Convolution interpolation.

Apply Click to apply the options you have selected. Cancel Click to cancel the options you have selected and close this dialog. Help Click to view the On-Line Help for this dialog.

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JPEG Compression

JPEG Compression This dialog enables you to compress an image using the JPEG compression technique. Data compression creates smaller images that take up less disk space. These images are for storage only and cannot be viewed. They must first be decompressed using the Utilities | Decompress JPEG Images... option from the ERDAS IMAGINE icon panel.

☞ Decompressing a compressed image using JPEG does NOT completely restore the original image, but it does allow you to display the image in an ERDAS IMAGINE Viewer. JPEG stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group, the original name of the committee that developed the standard. JPEG is designed for compressing true color and gray scale images. It is a “lossy” compression method, meaning that data are lost in compression. However, compressed images generally appear unchanged to the human eye. For true color imagery, JPEG can achieve compressions of 10:1 to 20:1 with output images that are virtually indistinguishable from the original. A compression of 5:1 is typical for gray scale imagery, since the human eye is more sensitive to variations in brightness than in hue. Gray scale images are usually smaller than true color images anyway.

☞ Since data values are changed in compression, it is advised that you not use images that have been compressed in applications such as classification, where data integrity is extremely important. Image quality is specified by a compression quality value. This value is not a percent, but merely a scale of image quality with 0 being the worst and 100 being the best. The default is 75 and this is probably the best place to start with most images. You will most likely want to stay within the 50 - 95 range. Specifying a quality value of 100 will create a much larger image than if you specified 95 with little increase in quality. On the other hand, values below 50 begin to visibly degrade the image and values below 25 do not meet the “Baseline” JPEG standard.

☞ JPEG compression is designed for photographic-type images and should not be used on images that contain large solid areas, discrete linear features, or annotation. It is also not recommended that you repeat the compress/decompress cycle more than absolutely necessary since image degradation is cumulative. This dialog is opened when you Select Utilities | JPEG Compress Images... in the ERDAS IMAGINE icon panel menu bar.

Input File: Enter the name of the file to compress. The default file extension is .img. Output File: Enter a name for the compressed file. The default is the same root name as the input file with the .imj extension.

Compression Quality: Enter the desired compression quality. Values between 50 and 95 are normally used. The default of 75 is a good starting position for most images.

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JPEG Compression A compression quality value that works on one image may not be appropriate for another image.

OK Click to compress the selected file and close this dialog. Batch Click to include this function in a batch file. Cancel Click to cancel this process and close this dialog. Help Click to see this On-Line Help document. ➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

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JPEG Decompression

JPEG Decompression This dialog enables you to decompress an image compressed using the JPEG compression utility. Decompression does NOT completely restore the original image, but it does allow you to view the image in the ERDAS IMAGINE Viewer.

☞ If you are going to perform classification or some other digital analysis on the original (uncompressed) image, be sure to specify a new output file name in this dialog so that you do not overwrite the original file. This dialog is opened when you select Utilities | Decompress JPEG images... from the ERDAS IMAGINE icon panel menu bar.

Input File: Enter the name of the file to be decompressed. The default file extension is .imj.

Output File: Enter a name for the decompressed file. The default is the same root name as the input file with the .img extension. Use caution in selecting the output file name so that you do not overwrite the original file.

OK Click to decompress the selected file and close this dialog. Batch Click to include this function in a batch file. Cancel Click to cancel this process and close this dialog. Help Click to see this On-Line Help document. ➲ For more information about JPEG compression, see the JPEG Compression dialog On-Line Help.

➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

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Pixel To Table

Pixel To Table This dialog enables you to produce an ASCII file, in tabular format, from a raster image file (.img extension). The output ASCII file (.asc extension) can be used as input to a statistical software package. You may specify that only certain pixels be processed by listing the map or file coordinates of those pixels in an ASCII file (a Point file) with the .dat extension. The coordinates in the Point file must be in the same system as those used by the image files. If the images are not georeferenced, then the coordinates must be file coordinates. Pixel to Table can be used without a Point file. You may process entire files, specifying a subset and/or sample factor, if desired. The output file (.asc extension) contains the coordinates and the data file values for each pixel, one pixel per line. Files are processed in the order they are input to the program. The input raster image files must be registered to one another. They must have the same coordinate system and cell size. If a Point file is used as input, it must be an unformatted ASCII file. The file must contain only one coordinate pair per line (i.e., per record), with X separated from Y by a comma or a space.

i

When using the Convert Pixels to ASCII utility, the ASCII file produced specifies its X and Y coordinates in the coordinate system (map or file) specified in the Coordinate Type radio box. If you know the subset in file coordinates, but wish to see map coordinates in the ASCII file, then load the source image into the Viewer, and start the Inquire Box. In the Inquire Box, change the type to File, enter the desired subset, select Apply, and then change the type to Map. In the Pixel to Table window, select From Inquire Box, and the desired subset. The subset is converted to map coordinates, and is selected.

Select Utilities | Convert Pixels to ASCII... from the ERDAS IMAGINE icon panel to access this dialog.

Input File:

Enter the name of the input file. The default file extension is .img.

Click to open a File Selector dialog.

Add Click to add the selected file to the list of Files to export. Remove Click to remove the selected file from the list of Files to export. Files to export This window displays the list of input files that will be exported.

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Pixel To Table

Coordinate Type: Select the type of coordinate system to use in defining the subset: Map

Click to use the map coordinates, if the data are rectified.

File Click to use the file coordinates, which are pixels, starting with 0,0 in the upper left corner.

Subset Definition: Use this group to define a subset area of the data to export. The default coordinates show the entire file. UL X:

The X coordinate of the upper left corner of the subset area.

UL Y:

The Y coordinate of the upper left corner of the subset area.

LR X:

The X coordinate of the lower right corner of the subset area.

LR Y:

The Y coordinate of the lower right corner of the subset area.

Sample: If Subset is the selected Type of Criteria, then you may specify a sampling of the subset. X: An integer (N) entered in this field selects every Nth pixel in the X axis for the sample. Y: An integer (N) entered in this field selects every Nth pixel in the Y axis for the sample.

Type of Criteria: Use this group to select the method by which pixels are identified to be written to the output file. AOI

Uses an AOI file.

Point File Subset

Use an ASCII file containing coordinates.

Use the Subset Definition and/or Sample groups to define the region.

Point or AOI File: If Point File or AOI is the selected Type of Criteria, then you must specify the Point file or AOI file. The default file extension is .aoi for AOI files and .dat for Point files. Click to open a File Selector dialog.

Output File: Use this filename part to select or enter the name of the ASCII output file. The .asc file extension will be added automatically. Click to open a File Selector dialog.

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Pixel To Table

OK Click to run this process with the options selected and close this dialog. Cancel Click to cancel this process and close this dialog . From Inquire Box Click this button to define a subset area of the data by using the Viewer Inquire Box.

Help Click to see this On-Line Help document. ➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

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Table to Pixel

Table to Pixel This dialog enables you to produce a raster image file from an ASCII file (.asc extension) that was produced by the Pixel to Table utility. After the ASCII file is analyzed by the statistical software package, then this new data can be used to produce a raster image file by Table to Pixel. The input file can be any multiband ASCII file that was produced by the Pixel to Table utility. You need to know whether the stored coordinates in the ASCII file are in map coordinates or file coordinates. This may be determined by examining the X and Y coordinate fields. File coordinates are integers and map coordinates are real numbers. If the ASCII file contains map coordinates, then you need to know the cell size for the original raster image file. You may obtain this information from the header file of the original raster image file. Select Utilities | Convert ASCII to Pixels... in the ERDAS IMAGINE icon panel menu bar to access this dialog.

Input File: Enter the name of the ASCII file and press return or select the file name from the filename part. The default file extension is .asc.

Files to create/overwrite: This window displays the names of the new image files that will be generated from this ASCII file. Coordinate Type: Click to select the type of coordinate in which to display the data. Map

Click to use the map coordinates, if the data are rectified.

File Click to use the file coordinates, which are pixels, starting with 0,0 in the upper left corner.

Subset Definition: Use this group to define a subset area of the data to display. The default coordinates show the entire file. UL X: UL Y: LR X: LR Y:

The X coordinate of the upper left corner of the subset area. The Y coordinate of the upper left corner of the subset area. The X coordinate of the lower right corner of the subset area. The Y coordinate of the lower right corner of the subset area.

Cell Size: If the file contains map coordinates, use this group to enter the cell size. X:

Size of the X axis.

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Table to Pixel Y:

Size of the Y axis.

Options: Never overwrite files Click if you want to be warned of an impending file overwrite. When this check box is active, or if the existing file is already write protected, the Redirect File dialog is opened so that you may enter a new file name for output. Data Type: Click on this popup list to select the data type of the file to be created from the ASCII file. The default type is unsigned 8-bit.

OK Click to run this process with the options selected and close this dialog. Cancel Click to cancel this process and close this dialog. Help Click to see this On-Line Help document. ➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

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Redirect File

Redirect File If the Never overwrite files check box in the Table To Pixel dialog is selected, or if the existing file is write protected, this dialog is opened so that you may select another output file name.

Enter a new name: Use this filename part to enter a new file name in the text field or select a file name from the window below. The default file extension is .img. OK Click to use the new file name and close this dialog. Cancel Click to cancel this process and close this dialog. The file is not written. Help Click to see this On-Line Help document. ➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

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Image Chip Maker

Image Chip Maker The Image Chip Maker creates image chips of dimensions 74 X 74 (the size used by the File Selector) for all files of raster imagery specified. An image chip is an RGB representation of the entire image in the image file using the layers indicated by the Band Default preferences (e.g. TM Red Band Default or AVHRR Blue Band Default) from the User Interface and Session category of the Preference Editor. The chip is laced in a file by the name of .chp. Image chip files are in the native IMAGINE file format.

Input File or Directory: Select or enter the file from which chips will be generated. Options Generate image chips for... The currently selected file currently selected file.

This option will generate a single image chip for the

All image files in the directory of This option will generate image chips for all files of raster imagery that reside in the same directory as the selected file.

☞ When using the Image Chip Maker to build all image chips in a directory, the images with external pyramid layers will not be calculated properly. For those images with external pyramid layers, build the image chip for that file explicitly instead of for the entire directory. Force chip re-creation Click this checkbox to recreate image chips for the currently selected file or for all files of raster imagery that reside in the same directory as the selected file.

OK Accept all information and generate image chips. Cancel Dismiss this dialog without generating any image chips. Help Display this On-Line Help dialog.

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Create Lowercase Parallel Links

Create Lowercase Parallel Links This dialog allows you to create a directory tree parallel to a source directory tree in which all directory and file names are in lowercase lettering and without the version extensions. This utility allows IMAGINE to recognize files which might erroneously appear to be in uppercase lettering or have version number extensions when a CD is mounted on a machine.

Source Type: Select a directory or CDROM device. Directory cdrom

Enter a source directory: Enter the uppercase source directory. Select a cdrom device as the source: Select a configured cdrom device as input. Enter a destination directory for links: Enter where to create the lowercase parallels.

Delete destination directory if exists Click on button to delete existing lowercase parallel tree.

OK Click to confirm changes and dismiss the dialog. Cancel Click to cancel changes and dismiss the dialog. Help Click to view this On-line Help file.

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Font Table Maker

Font Table Maker This dialog enables you to output a character grid map for any of the fonts supported in ERDAS IMAGINE, including international fonts. This map shows all of the available characters as well as the ASCII value and English character. This map has been designed as two pages, with the first page being the low ASCII characters and the second page being the high ASCII characters. Once it is created, you can view this map using Map Composer and print to an output device. If you are going to print this map, you should have the output device in mind before creating the map, so that you can enter the correct page width and height to avoid unnecessary paneling. This dialog is opened when you select Utilities | Create Font Tables... from the ERDAS IMAGINE icon panel menu bar.

Font Table Name Enter a name for the font table to be created. The default file extension is .map.

Page Width: Enter the width of ONE page of the printed map composition in the selected units. The actual map composition will be twice as wide as the number entered here. If this size is larger than the printable area of your printer, IMAGINE will create multiple map panels. For example, a Kodak printer will print only on a 7.5” x 10” area to allow a one-inch margin on an 8.5” x 11” sheet of paper. If you entered a Page Width of 10.8, the map composition would print in multiple panels. On the other hand, if you enter a size that is significantly smaller than the actual printable area of the output device, but not small enough to fit both pages of the map, the second page of the map will start on the first page and finish on the second page.

Height: Enter the height of the final printed map composition in the selected units. If this size is larger than the printable area of your printer, IMAGINE will create multiple map panels. For example, a Kodak printer will print only on a 7.5” x 10” area to allow a one-inch margin on an 8.5” x 11” sheet of paper. If you entered a Height of 8.3”, the map composition would print on multiple panels.

Units: Click on this popup list to choose the units used above to specify the size of the map composition. inches

Size units will be in inches. This is the default.

centimeters points

Size units will be in centimeters.

Size units will be in points.

Font: Select the font to print by clicking the desired font in the scrolling list.

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Font Table Maker

Apply Click to make the font table. To view this table, select File | Open | Composition... from a Viewer menu bar. In the Open Map Composition dialog, enter the name of this map composition.

Close Click to cancel this process and close this dialog. Help Click to see this On-Line Help document. ➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.

➲ Under UNIX the source code for this program is included in the example programs delivered with the C Programmers’ Toolkit.

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Image Compare

Image Compare The Image Compare utility allows you to compare specified features between two images. To open this dialog, select Utilities | Compare Images... from the ERDAS IMAGINE icon panel.

First Image: Select the first file for comparison. Second Image: Select the second file for comparison with the first. Compare Options: Select which image features will be compared. Log File: Select this option to send the output from Image Compare to a log file; otherwise, the output will be sent to the session log. Compare Layer Info: Select this option to compare the layer widths/heights, data types, layer types (thematic, continous, etc), image block width/height, and number of blocks wide/high. Compare Raster Data: Select this option to compare the actual pixel values within each image. Compare Map Info: Select this option to compare the Map Information within each image. Compare Projection Info: Select this option to compare the Projection Information within each image. Append Log File: Select this option to append the results of this comparison to the log file; otherwise, the log file will be removed before the new results are written to the file. Compare Descriptor Table: Select this option to compare the tables of information within the descriptor tables of each image. The number of tables and contents of the tables will be compared. Compare Statistics: Select this option to compare the statistics of each image. Compare Pyramid Layers: Select this option to compare the number of pyramid layers and the pixel values within each level. Compare XForms: Select this option to compare any calibrations (Map Models) that have been written into the images using the Geometric Correction Tool.

OK Click to run this program with the options selected and close this dialog. Batch Click to include this function in a batch file. Cancel Click to cancel this process and close this dialog.

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Image Compare

Help Click to see this On-Line Help document.

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DLL Version Tool

DLL Version Tool The DLL Version Tool provides information on Dynamically Loadable Library (DLL) classes within IMAGINE. This information is useful for developers and IMAGINE system administrators. The tool provides some standard information on each DLL class as well as a dynamic help interface to the class instances for each class. Although some of the fields appear editable, the entire tool only provides read-only information. Since the text information is dynamically generated, it is displayed in editable widgets so that the user can scroll through the entire text content (in cases where it is too long to fit in the entire widget). The user will not be able to modify the text, however. This dialog opens when you select Help | IMAGINE DLL Information... from the ERDAS IMAGINE icon panel.

DLL Class Information Click on this file tab to display information about a particular DLL class. Class: Click on the popup list to select the DLL class name. Currently documented classes include: ApplicationFunctions DescriptorTables GeometricModels GeomodelInterfaces RasterFormats ResampleMethods Owner: The name of the owner package that controls access to this DLL class. Description: A description of the use and features of this DLL class.

DLL Instance Information Click on this file tab to display information about a particular DLL instance within a class. Instance: Click on the popup list to select the DLL instance name. Currently documented instances include: GeometricModels_affine GeometricModels_polynomial GeometricModels_projection

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DLL Version Tool RasterFormats_grid RasterFormats_tiff RasterFormats_uai Path: The directory path in which this instance was found. Description: The version, vendor, and other information about the instance. Titles: The objects from the class supported by this instance.

Quit Click to close this dialog. Help Click to view the On-Line Help for this dialog. Help Class Click to view the On-Line Help for a particular DLL class, if available. Help Instance Click to view the On-Line Help for particular DLL instances within a class, if available.

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Data Preparation

Data Preparation This menu gives you access to a set of tools that are useful in general data preparation. This

dialog opens when you click the

icon on the ERDAS IMAGINE icon panel.

Create New Image... Click to open the Create File dialog, which enables you to create a single or multi-layer image that contains a single data value.

Create Surface... Click to open the 3D Surfacing dialog, which enables you to create a surface layer or DEM from input point elevations.

Subset Image... Click to open the Subset dialog, which enables you to create and define a subset image.

Image Geometric Correction... Click to open the Set Geo Correction Input File dialog, which is part of the Geometric Correction Tool. This dialog enables you to select the image you want to rectify. Mosaic Images... Click to open the Mosaic Tool, which enables you to mosaic two or more images together. The images must be rectified and/or calibrated. Unsupervised Classification... Click to open the Unsupervised Classification dialog.

Reproject... Select this option to resample an image into a different projection. The Reproject Images dialog is opened.

Close Click to close this dialog. Help Click to view the On-Line Help for this menu.

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Reproject Images

Reproject Images This dialog gives you access to the reproject utilities. The Reproject dialog is a function that reprojects or transforms raster image data from one map projection to another. Reprojection can be performed on a single georeferenced file or multiple georeferenced files using the Batch Wizard. Comparing the reproject model of Geometric Correction to the reproject in Data Preparation, reproject in Data Preparation can directly transform the raster data without polynomial approximation when the fast approximation fails to achieve the geometric accuracy requirement. This is in cases where either the projection systems cannot be easily mapped with simple polynomials or the geographic areas covered by the raster data are too large. To open this dialog, click Image Interpreter from the ERDAS IMAGINE main menu, then select Utilities..., and click Reproject.... This dialog can also be opened by clicking DataPrep from the ERDAS IMAGINE main menu, and then by clicking on Reproject..., and off the ERDAS IMAGINE main menu, you can select Main | Data Preparation... | Reproject... to access the Reproject Images dialog.

Input File: Enter the name of the input file or click on the File Selector button. The default extension is .img.

Output File: This is the Reprojected Output File Name. Enter the name of the output file or click on the File Selector button. The .img extension is automatically added.

Output Projection: Projection categories and names can be defined by using Projection Chooser, which can be brought up in several places throughout ERDAS IMAGINE. One such place is Tools | Coordinate Calculator. Categories: Select the projection category from this popup list. This is the name of a library in which the projection is saved. Projection: Select the name of the projection from the scrolling list. The number in parentheses is the State Plane Zone.

Units: The output map units: meters The output map units in meters. feet The output map units in feet. degrees The output map units in degrees.

Ignore Zero in Stats. Ignore zero when computing statistics for the output file. Output Cell Sizes: 142

Reproject Images X: The Default Output X Cell Size. Enter the X cell size for the resampled image. Y: The Default Output Y Cell Size. Enter the Y cell size for the resampled image.

Resample Method: Select resampling method from the following: Nearest Neighbor Select resampling method using the value of the closest pixel to assign to the output pixel value. Bilinear Interpolation Select resampling method using the data file values of four pixels in a 2 x 2 window to calculate an output value with a bilinear function. Cubic Convolution Select resampling method using the data file values of sixteen pixels in a 4 x 4 window to calculate an output value with a cubic function.

True Transformation Directly uses the original mathematical formula of projections for reprojection without approximation. This is a slow process, but with true geometric fidelity.

Polynomial Approximation: Uses polynomials to approximate the transformation between map projections. This is a fast and commonly accepted process. In terms of geometric accuracy, the approximation works for most raster images, especially when the geographic areas covered by the images are small. The root mean square error (RMSE) of the approximation is reported back to the IMAGINE session log.

Maximum poly order: This is the maximum polynomial order allowed for polynomial approximation. When deriving the polynomial solution, the polynomials which have the lowest possible order and satisfy the tolerance are used.

Tolerance (pixels): This is the RMSE tolerance for polynomial approximation. Searching for the right polynomials is a sequential process starting with the first order of polynomials. The search stops once the tolerance is satisfied.

If tolerance exceeded: If the tolerance is not satisfied after searching from the first to the maximum polynomial order, the following two options are chosen: Continue Approximate Continue to use polynomial approximation with the solution which has the lowest RMSE if the tolerance is exceeded. True Transform If the tolerance is exceeded, use direct transformation instead.

OK Click to perform the reprojection process and close the dialog. Batch Click to put the reprojection process in the Batch Wizard. The Batch Wizard allows multiple images to be reprojected into the same projection system in the same process.

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Reproject Images

Cancel Click to cancel the application and close the Reproject Images dialog. Help Click to display this On-Line Help file for the Reproject Images dialog.

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