Ujian 1 2019.docx

UJIAN 1 2018 SAINS TINGKATAN 2 SMK ST BERNADETTE’S CONVENT 2 JAM NAMA : _____________________________________________ (16 muka surat bercetak) 1

a)

KELAS : _______

Kelaskan komponen-komponen biodiversiti berikut ke dalam kumpulan yang sesuai. Clasisfy the following biodiversity components into suitable groups. Ular Salamander Paus Pokok pain Snakes Salamander Whale Pine tree Helang Kuda laut Pokok rambutan Siput Eagle Seahorse Rambutan tree Snail BIODIVERSITI BIODIVERSITY

Haiwan Animals

Tumbuhan Plants

Vertebrata Vertebrates

Tumbuhan berbunga Flowering plants

Mamalia / Mammals:

______________________

______________________ Reptilia / Reptiles: ______________________ _ Ampfibia / Amphibian: ______________________ Ikan / Fish: ______________________ Burung / Bird: ______________________ Invertebrata / Invertebrates: ______________________ _ [4 markah/marks] 1

Tumbuhan tidak berbunga Non-flowering plants ______________________

2

b)

Nyatakan kepentingan biodiversiti haiwan kepada manusia dan persekitaran. State the importances of biodiversity of animals to humans and environment. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ [2 markah/marks]

a)

Nyatakan peranan organisma dalam rantai makanan di bawah. State the roles of the organisms in the food chain below. Pengguna sekunder Secondary consumer

Pengguna tertier Tertiary consumer

Pengguna primer Primary consumer

Pengeluar Producer

[4 markah/marks] b)

i) ii)

3

Apakah yang akan berlaku kepada bilangan organisma dalam rantai makanan di 2(a) sekiranya semua katak telah ditangkap? What happens to the number of organismsin the food chain in 2(a) if all the frogs are caught? Sayur/Vegetable : _________________________________ Beluncas/Caterpillar : _________________________________ [2 markah/marks]

a)

Namakan tiga jenis kitar nutrien. Name three types of nutrient cycles. ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ [3 markah/marks]

b)

Berikan dua proses perubahan jirim dalam kitar air. Give two processes that change the state of matter in the water cycle. ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ [2 markah/ marks] Cadangkan langkah untuk menjimatkan air. Suggest a step to save water. _____________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ [1 markah/marks]

c)

2

4

a)

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sebahagian daripada sistem pencernaan manusia. The diagram below shows the parts of the human digestive system. Pada rajah yang diberikan, namakan organ X, Y dan Z. On the diagram given, name the organs X, Y and Z.

[3 markah/marks] b)

Nyatakan satu fungsi organ X/ State one function of organ X. ___________________________________________________________________ [1 markah/marks]

ci)

Apakah keadaan yang dialami oleh seseorang yang menghadapi kesukaran untuk menyingkirkan tinja dari rektum? What is the condition when someone has difficulty in expelling faeces from the rectum? ___________________________________________________________________ [1 markah/marks]

ii)

Tandakan ( ✓ ) cara-cara untuk mengatasi masalah di (ci). Tick ( ✓ ) the ways to overcome the problem in (ci). Minum banyak air./Drink more water. Makan banyak karbohidrat./Eat more carbohydrates. Makan banyak buah-buahan dan sayur-sayuran./ Eat more fruits and vegetables [1 markah/marks]

5

a)

Rajah berikut menunjukkan seekor helang dan seekor arnab. 3

The following diagrams show an eagle and a rabbit.

i)

Nyatakan dua persamaan antara kedua-dua haiwan tersebut. State two similarities between both of the animals. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ [2 markah/marks]

ii)

Beri satu perbezaan antara kedua-dua haiwan tersebut. Give one difference between both of the animals. _____________________________________________________________________ [1 markah/mark]

b)

Rajah berikut menunjukkan pengelasan tumbuhan. The following diagram shows the classification of plants. Tumbuhan Plants Tumbuhan tidak berbunga Non-flowering plants

Tumbuhan berbunga Flowering plants

P

Q

Seorang murid menulis satu ciri bagi tumbuhan P seperti berikut: A student writes a feature of plant P as follows : Tumbuhan P mempunyai daun berurat selari. i)

ii)

Plant P has parallel veined leaves. Nyatakan dua ciri lain bagi tumbuhan P. State two other characteristics of plant P. ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ [2 markah/marks] Beri satu contoh bagi tumbuhan P. 4

Give one example of plant P. ___________________________________________________________________ [1 markah/mark] Jadual berikut menunjukkan bilangan organisma dalam suatu ekosistem. The following table shows the number of organisms in an ecosystem. Organisma Bilangan organisma Organism Number of organisms P 11 Q 2 R 36 S 21

6

a)

Berdasarkan jadual di atas, bina satu rantai makanan. Based on the above table, construct a food chain.

[2 markah/marks]

7

b)

Namakan organisma yang bertindak ke atas haiwan dan tumbuhan yang mati serta hasil perkumuhan bagi haiwan yang hidup dalam ekosistem tersebut. Name the organism which acts on the dead animals and plants, and the excretory products of living animals in the ecosystem. ___________________________________________________________________ [1 markah/mark]

c)

Apakah jenis interaksi yang ditunjukkan oleh organisma P dan Q. What is the type of interaction shown by organisms p and Q? ___________________________________________________________________ [1 markah/mark]

d)

Ramalkan dua kesan jika semua semua organisma S dalam ekosistem tersebut mati. Predict two effects if all organisms S in the ecosystem die. ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ [2 markah/marks]

a)

Kenal pasti jenis interaksi antara hidupan di bawah. 5

Identify the type of interaction between living things below. i) ii)

Pokok dan Rafflesia Tree and Rafflesia

Ikan yu dan ikan remora Shark and remora

[2 markah/marks] b)

Isi tempat kosong dengan istilah yang betul. Fill in the blanks with the correct terms Pengguna Consumers

Pengurai Decomposers

Pengeluar Producers

Kulat Fungi

i)

____________ ialah semua tumbuhan hijau yang dapat membuat makanan sendiri melalui proses fotosintesis. _____________are all green plants that can make their own food through photosynthesis

ii)

______________ ialah haiwan yang memakan tumbuhan atau haiwan yang lain. ______________ are animals that eat plants or other animals.

iii) ______________ ialah organisma yang mengurai organisma mati (haiwan atau tumbuhan) kepada bahan-bahan yang ringkas. Contoh pengurai ialah bakteria dan ______________ . ______________are organisms that decompose dead organisms (animals or plants) into simple substances. Examples of decomposers are bacteria and _______________ [4 markah/marks]

6

8

a)

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan suatu siratan makanan di sebuah sawah padi. The diagram below shows a food web in a paddy field.

Gabungan lima rantai makanan membina siratan makanan di atas. Bina empat rantai makanan itu. A combination of five food chains forms the food web shown above. Construct the four food chains. ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ [4 markah/marks] b)

Lengkapkan piramid nombor di bawah dengan menggunakan rantai makanan yang diberikan. Complete the following pyramid of numbers by using the food chain given. Tumbuhan hijau  Burung  Ular  Helang Green plants Bird Snake Eagle

[2 markah/marks]

7

9

a)

Aras 4

Aras 3 Aras 2

Aras 1

i)

Berdasarkan piamid makanan di atas, nyatakan dua tabiat pemakanan yang sihat yang perlu diamalkan oleh setiap individu. Based on the above pyramid of food, state two healthy eating habits that should bepractised by each person. ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ [2 markah/marks] ii) Mengapa pengambilan makanan dalam aras 4 perlu dikurangkan setiap hari. Why the intake of food in level 4 should be reduced everyday. ___________________________________________________________________ [1 markah/mark] iii) Berikan dua faktor yang mempengaruhi gizi seimbang. Give two factors that affect a balanced diet. ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ [2 markah/marks] iv) Jadual di bawah menunjukkan nilai kalori bagi makanan tertentu. The table below shows the calorific value of certain food. Nilai kalori (kJ)/ Makanan/Food Kuantiti/Quantity Calorific value (kJ) Mi kari/ Curry noodle 1 mangkuk/1 bowl 2 222 Betik/Papaya 1 potong/1 slice 231 Jus buah /Fruit juice 1 gelas/1 glass 546 Kira nilai kalori bagi hidangan di bawah. Calculate the calorific value of the meal below. • 1 mangkuk mi kari / 1 bowl of curry noodle • 1 gelas jus buah / 1 glass of fruit juice • 2 potong betik / 2 slices of papaya

[1 markah/mark] 8

Rajah berikut menunjukkan sistem pencernaan manusia. The following diagram shows the human digestive system.

10

a)

Namakan organ : Name the organs : A : _______________________________________________________________ D : _______________________________________________________________ [2 markah/marks]

b)

Nyatakan fungsi bagi organ B dan C. State the functions of organs B and C. ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ [2 markah/marks]

c)

Lengkapkan jadual berikut dengan menyatakan hasil akhir pencernaan bagi karbohidrat dan protein. Complete the following table by stating the end products of digestion of carbohydrates and proteins. Kelas makanan Class of food

Hasil akhir pencernaan End product of digestion

Karbohidrat Carbohydrates Protein Proteins [2 markah/marks]

9

11 a)

Lengkapkan kekunci dikotomi yang berikut berdasarkan ciri-ciri fizikal haiwan. Complete the following dichotomous key based on the physical characteristics of the animals.

Ikan/ Fish

Burung/ Bird

Katak/ Frog

Kucing/cat

Ular/ Snake Kekunci dikotomi Dichotomous key Pergi ke nombor 2 Go to 2 Pergi ke nombor 3 Go to 3 Pergi ke nombor 4 Go to 4

1 a) Poikloterma Poikilothermic b) Homoioterma Homeothermic 2 a) Bersisik Scaly skin b) Tidak bersisik Non-scaly skin 3 a) Tidak berbulu pelepah Non-feathered b) Berbulu pelepah Feathered 4 a) Tidak mempunyai insang Does not have fins b) Mempunyai insang Has fins

A B C D E

Namakan haiwan : Name the animals : A : ___________________________________________________________________ B : ___________________________________________________________________ C : ___________________________________________________________________ D : ___________________________________________________________________ E : ___________________________________________________________________ [5 markah/marks] 10

b)

Tuliskan satu sifat haiwan mamalia. Write one character of mamals. ______________________________________________________________________ [1 markah/mark]

c)

Perhatikan rajah di bawah. Observe the diagram below.

Plant A

Plant B

i)

Cadangkan dua ciri yang boleh digunakan untuk mengelaskan tumbuhan. Suggest two characteristics that can be used to classify plants. ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ [2 markah/marks]

ii)

Berikan dua persamaan antara tumbuhan A dan tumbuhan B. Give two similarities between plant A and plant B. ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ [2 markah/marks]

11

12 a)

Baca petikan di bawah. Read the passage below. Malnutrisi merujuk kepada masalah yang dihadapi oleh seseorang individu yang tidak mendapat gizi yang sesuai dalam satu tempoh masa. Malnutrisi boleh disebabkan oleh kekurangan nutrien, nutrient yang berlebihan, pengambilan nutrient dalam nisbah yang salah dan tabiat makan yang tidak baik. Malnutrisi menyebabkan penyakit-penyakit seperti kwarsyiorkor, marasmus, osteoporosis, riket, skurvi, sembelit dan sebagainya. Foto di bawah menunjukkan beberapa orang kanak-kanak yang mengalami malnutrisi. Organisasi Kesihatan Sedunia (WHO) menyatakan bahawa malnutrisi menjejaskan kira-kira 792 juta manusia di seluruh dunia. Sekurang-kurangnya satu pertiga daripada mereka adalah kanakkanak. Kebuluran pada kanak-kanak menjejaskan satu daripada setiap empat orang kanak-kanak di Amerika Syarikat, dengan sebanyak 17 juta kanak-kanak berisiko mengalami malnutrisi. Malnutrition refers to the problems faced by an individual who does not have a proper diet over a period of time. Malnutrition can be due to a lack of nutrients, excess nutrients, taking nutrients in the wrong proportions and bad eating habits. Malnutrition causes diseases such as kwashiorkor, marasmus, osteoporosis, rickets, scurvy, constipation and so on. The photo below shows some children who are suffering from malnutrition. The World Health Organization (WHO) says that amlnurition affects about 792 million people worldwide. At least a thirdof them are children. Childhood hunger affects one in every four children in the United States, with as manyas 17 million children at risk of malnutrition.

a)

Berdasarkan maklumat yang diberi di atas, senaraikan penyebab malnutrisi. Based on the information given above, list the causes of malnutrition. ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ [3 markah/marks]

12

b)

Jadual di bawah menunjukkan menu Sara. Sara berusia 20 tahun. The table below shows Sara’s menu. Sara is 20 years old.  Jus buah/ Fruit juice Sarapan  Mi goreng/ Fried mee Breakfast  Telur goreng/ Fried egg  Ayam goreng/ Fried chicken Makanan tengah hari  Ubi kentang goreng/ French fries Lunch  Sup keju cendawan/ Mushroom cheese soup  Air batu campur/ ABC ice-mixed  Kek keju/ Cheese cake Makan malam  Minuman berkarbonat/ Carbonated drink Dinner  Kari kambing/ Mutton curry  Nasi/ Rice

i)

Adakah Sara akan mengalami malnutrisi sekiranya dia kekal dengan menu itu selama 6 bulan? Berikan empat sebab untuk menyokong jawapan anda. Will Sara suffer from malnutrition if she continues with the menu for 6 months? Give four reasons to support your answer. ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ [4 markah/marks] Foto di bawah menunjukkan seorang perempuan. The photo below shows a woman.

ii)

Terangkan mengapa perempuan itu mengalami malnutrisi. Explain why the woman is suffering from malnutrition. ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ [3 markah/marks] 13 a)

Razak mendapati banyak ayam ternakannya dimakan oleh helang sawah. Razak 13

membuat keputusan untuk menembak kesemua helang tersebut. Selepas setahun, populasi tikus didapati meningkat dan makan makanan ayam. Hal ini menyebabkan ayamnya mati. Terangkan punca populasi tikus meningkat dan cadangkan satu cara yang perlu dilakukan oleh Razak untuk mengelakkan perkara tersebut berlaku. Razak found that many of his chickens were eaten by Hawk- Eagles. Razak made a decision to shoot all the eagles. After a year, the rat population increased and ate all the chicken feed. This caused chickens to die. Explain the cause for the increase in the rat population and suggest a way Razak can prevent this from happening. ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ [3 markah/marks] b)

Hutan bandar ialah kawasan yang ditumbuhi oleh tanaman kayu di sekitar bandar. Wajarkan tentang idea hutan bandar dari segi pemeliharaan ekosistem yang seimbang. An urban or city forest is an area that is planted with trees all around the city. Justify the idea of a city forest in terms of preserving a balanced ecosystem. ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ [3 markah/marks]

c)

Gambar menunjukkan sejenis perangkap tikus yang biasa dijual di kedai. Perangkap ini hanya boleh menangkap seekor tikus yang boleh menangkap lebih daripada seekor tikus dalam satu masa. Lakarkan dan terangkan hasil rekaan anda. Photograph shows a common rat trap sold in stores. This trap can only catch one rat at one time. Design a rat trap model that can catch more than one rat at one time. Sketch and explain your design.

Penerangan/ Explanation : 14

___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ [4 markah/marks] Amirah telah menguji dua jenis makanan yang berlainan menggunakan larutan iodin dan larutan Benedict. Hasil pemerhatian Amirah adalah seperti berikut. Amirah tested two types of food using iodine solution and Benedict’s solution. Amirah’s observations are as follows.

14





Nasi – bertukar warna menjadi biru tua apabila ujian iodin dijalankan, kekal biru apabila dilakukan ujian Benedict. Rice – changes colour to dark blue with the iodine test, remains blue with the Benedict’s test. Madu – kekal warna perang apabila ujian iodin dijalankan, menjadi mendakan merah bata apabila ujian Benedict dijalankan. Honey – remains brown with the iodine test, becomes a brick red precipitate with the Benedict’s test.

a)

Jelaskan cara Amirah melakukan ujian Benedict. Explain how Amirah conducts the Benedict’s test. ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ [4 markah/marks]

b)

Bina satu jadual yang jelas untuk menunjukkan keputusan yang diperoleh Amirah dalam kedua-dua ujian makanan tersebut. Create a table to show the results obtained by Amirah in both of the food tests.

c)

Apakah kesimpulan yang dapat dibuat oleh Amirah?

[4 markah/marks]

15

What is the conclusion that can be made by Amirah? ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ [2 markah/marks]

KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT END OF THE QUESTION

Disediakan oleh :

Disemak oleh :

Disahkan oleh :

____________________ (Pn. Mazlina Bt Tomirin)

___________________

____________________

16