Types Of Planning

  • November 2019
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  • Words: 343
  • Pages: 8
Made By Prathmesh N. Shah

Planning Activity  Covered

Period Long Term

Approach

Short Term Proactive

Corporate

Functional

Formu‐ lation Formal

Importance

Informal

Reactive Strategic

Operational

[A] Activities Covered [1] Corporate Planning Determines long‐term objectives of org. as a  whole ƒ Generates plans to achieve these objectives ƒ Future Oriented ƒ Integrated ƒ

[2] Functional Planning Undertaken for sub‐functions within each major  function ƒ Derived from Corporate Planning ƒ Segmental ƒ

[B] Importance of Contents

[1] Strategic

Sets long‐term direction of org. which it wants to  proceed in future ƒ Encompasses all functional areas of Business ƒ Involves analysis of environmental factors ƒ Period is a problem ƒ

[2] Operational ƒ ƒ

Tactical/Short‐term Planning Aimed at sustaining the org. in its production and  distribution of current products and/or services to  existing markets

[C] Time Period Depends upon the type of Business and structure  of the organisation ƒ What may be a long‐term period of planning for  one organisation may be a short period for  others. ƒ Ideal planning period depends upon  Commitment Principle: “Long‐range planning is not really planning for  future decisions, but rather planning the future  impact of today’s decision.” ƒ

[1] Long Term Planning ƒ ƒ ƒ

Strategic in Nature Involves, generally, 3‐5 yrs Involves analysis of environmental factors

[2] Short Term Planning ƒ ƒ ƒ

Operational in nature Involves 6 months‐1 yr Aimed at sustaining organisation in its  production and distribution of current products  and/or services to existing market.

[D] Approach [1] Proactive Planning Designing suitable course of action in  anticipation of likely changes in relevant  environment ƒ To take decisions in advance ƒ

[2] Reactive Planning Organisations response comes after  environmental changes have taken place ƒ Useful for fairly stable environment over a long  period of time ƒ

[F] Degree of Formalisation [1] Formal Planning ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ

Taken by larger org. Well‐structured, systematic process Involves different steps Rational Well‐documented and regular

[2] Informal Planning ƒ ƒ ƒ

Taken by smaller org. Part of Manager’s regular activities Based on Manager’s: ƒ Memory of events ƒ Intuition ƒ Gut‐feeling

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