Types Of Chemical Reactions.ppt

Types of Reactions 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Synthesis reactions Decomposition reactions Single displacement reactions Double displacement reactions Combustion reactions

You need to be able to identify each type.

1. Synthesis Example C + O2 C + O O

General:



O C O

A + B  AB

Ex. Synthesis Reaction

2. Decomposition Example: NaCl

Cl Na



General:

Cl

+

Na

AB  A + B

Ex. Decomposition Reaction

3. Single Displacement Example: Zn + CuCl2 Zn was oxidized Went from neutral (0) to (+2)

Cu Cl

+ Cl

Zn



Zn Cl

+ Cu Cl

Cu was reduced Went from (+2) to Neutral (0)

General:

AB + C  AC + B

Ex. Single Replacement Reaction

4. Double displacement Example: MgO + CaS Mg

+

O

General:

Ca S



Mg S

+

Ca O

AB + CD  AD + CB

Double Replacement Reactions • Think about it like “foil”ing in algebra, first and last ions go together + inside ions go together • Example: AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(s)  AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq) • Another example: K2SO4(aq) + Ba(NO3)2(aq) 2 KNO3(aq) + BaSO4(s)

Practice •

Predict the products.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

HCl(aq) + AgNO3(aq)  CaCl2(aq) + Na3PO4(aq)  Pb(NO3)2(aq) + BaCl2(aq)  FeCl3(aq) + NaOH(aq)  H2SO4(aq) + NaOH(aq) 

6. KOH(aq) + CuSO4(aq) 

5. Combustion Reactions • Combustion reactions - a hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen gas. • This is also called burning!!! • In order to burn something you need the 3 things in the “fire triangle”:

• 1) Fuel (hydrocarbon) 2) Oxygen 3) Something to ignite the reaction (spark)

Combustion Reactions • In general: CxHy + O2  CO2 + H2O • Products are ALWAYS carbon dioxide and water. (although incomplete burning does cause some by-products like carbon monoxide) • Combustion is used to heat homes and run automobiles (octane, as in gasoline, is C8H18)

Combustion • Example •

C5H12 + 8 O2  5 CO2 + 6 H2O

• Write the products and balance the following combustion reaction: •

C10H22 + O2 

Mixed Practice •

State the type & predict the products.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

BaCl2 + H2SO4  C6H12 + O2  Zn + CuSO4  Cs + Br2  FeCO3 