Tuberculosis Pathophysiology

Over Crowding

Close Contact to TB patient

Poorly Sanitized Environment

Poor Hygiene

Mal nutrition

Inadequate Physical Barriers

Emotional & Physical Stressors

Chronic Diseases (DM, athero)

Medical & Surgical Treatments

offers an environ -ment for bacteria to colonize

inhibits production of antibodies

enables pathogen to gain access to the body

increased cortisol activity

impaired blood flow

depressed bone marrow production

decreased level of leukocytes

impaired blood flow & nutrient delivery to systems

increased exposure to pathogens

impaired immune response to immunization

impaired leukocytosis

diminished cytotoxicity of natural killer cells

Immuno Suppressant Drugs (corticosteroids)

Inadequate Immunization

reduces levels of:

decreases Immunoglobulin binding to cell surface receptors

leukocytes & eosinophils

monocytes

impaired release of histamines, bradykinin & prostaglandins

decreased phagocytosis

decreased phagocytosis

inhibits interleukin synth

impaired activatn of B cells, cytotoxic T cells, natural killer cells, macrophages and other cells of the immune system

infected person sneezes and coughs/ transmits microorganism

Droplets remain suspend ed in the air are spread by air currents

Droplets settle to surfaces

Droplets infect cattle

weakened defense system person inhales the droplets increased susceptibility to infection

Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection

Bacteria is transmitted to the airways

PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS

deposition in the alveoli

person ingests food

Old Age

Young People

decreasing thymus function

immature immune systemm