Trumping Ton Meadows Hia Report - Final

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension

Health Impact Assessment Report Project Ref: 15694 April, 2007

Client: Trumpington Meadows Land Company (TMLC) peter brett associates Caversham Bridge House Waterman Place Reading Berkshire RG1 8DN Tel: +44 (0)118 950 0761 Fax: +44 (0)118 959 7498 E-mail: [email protected]

Peter Brett Associates

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment

PBA Document Control Sheet Project Title :

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension

Project Ref

15694

:

Report Title :

Health Impact Assessment Report

Date:

25 April 2007

:

Name

Position

Prepared by

Dr Salim Vohra

Principal

Checked and

Dr Claire Holman

Divisional Director

Signature

Date

Authorised for issue by For and on behalf of Peter Brett Associates

Peter Brett Associates disclaims any responsibility to the Client and others in respect of any matters outside the scope of this report. This report has been prepared with reasonable skill, care and diligence within the terms of the Contract with the Client and generally in accordance with ACE Conditions of Engagement and taking account of the manpower, resources, investigations and testing devoted to it by agreement with the Client. This report is confidential to the Client and Peter Brett Associates accepts no responsibility of whatsoever nature to third parties to whom this report or any part thereof is made known. Any such party relies upon the report at their own risk.

© Peter Brett Associates 2004

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Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment

TABLE OF CONTENTS 1

Introduction ............................................................................................... 3

2

Health Impact Assessment ........................................................................ 5

3

Methodology .............................................................................................10

4

Background Context .................................................................................13

5

Policy Context...........................................................................................16

6

Baseline and Community Profile...............................................................20

7

Social Determinants of Health ..................................................................36

8

Community views......................................................................................41

9

Health Impacts of Current Trends with No New Development ..................45

10

Health Impacts of the New Development ..................................................49

11

Conclusion................................................................................................58

12

Key References .........................................................................................59

Appendix A............................................................................................................60

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Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment

1

Introduction

1.1

Introduction

1.1.1

Peter Brett Associates has been commissioned by the Trumpington Meadows Land Company (TMLC) to undertake a rapid health impact assessment (HIA) of the development proposed at Trumpington Meadows, in Trumpington, Cambridge. TMLC is a partnership between Grosvenor and the Universities Superannuation Scheme (USS).

1.1.2

The scope of the rapid HIA was agreed with Iain Green, HIA Officer for South Cambridgeshire District Council1.

1.1.3

Outline planning applications were submitted to South Cambridgeshire District Council (SCDC) and Cambridge City Council (CCC) in July 2006 (application numbers S/1310/06/O and 06/0706/OUT respectively) for approximately 1,200 dwellings, land for a primary school and other community facilities, to new accesses, and an approximately 60ha riverside community park. Subsequently the Local Planning Authorities have requested the submission of a Health Impact Assessment to support these outline planning applications.

1.1.4

The aim of this rapid HIA was to a) assess the potential positive and negative health impacts on the residents of the existing communities around the proposed development and the residents that are likely to live and work in the new development; and b) identify measures to remove or mitigate the negative impacts and enhance the positive ones..

1.1.5

The HIA focussed on seven key themes:

1.1.6

How the development fits with the health, social care and wellbeing (-related) policies and strategies of the local authority, PCT and region.

1.1.7

The potential positive and negative health and wellbeing effects of the proposed development on existing and new communities.

1.1.8

How health inequalities and social exclusion are affected and the potential for this proposed development to narrow or widen them.

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1.1.9

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment

Potential impacts on vulnerable groups in the community e.g. older people, children, families, people with disabilities, people on low incomes/unemployed, etc.

1.1.10 Potential impacts on health and social care services. 1.1.11 Potential indirect, cumulative and synergistic health impacts. 1.1.12 Develop mitigation measures (alongside and complementary to ones that have been described in the other assessment work carried out to date).

1

Email correspondence, 20th April 2007

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Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment

2

Health Impact Assessment

2.1

Introduction

2.1.1

The international Gothenburg consensus definition of health impact assessment (HIA) is: “A combination of procedures, methods and tools by which a policy, program or project may be judged as to its potential effects on the health of a population, and the distribution of those effects within the population.”2

2.1.2

HIA is the key systematic approach to identifying the differential health and wellbeing impacts, both positive and negative, of plans and projects.

2.1.3

HIA uses a range of structured and evaluated sources of qualitative and quantitative evidence that includes public and other stakeholders' perceptions and experiences as well as public health, epidemiological, toxicological and medical knowledge. Our approach is particularly concerned with the distribution of effects within a population, as different groups are likely to be affected in different ways, and therefore we look at how health and social inequalities might be reduced or widened by a proposed plan or project.

2.1.4

The aim is to inform and influence clients and decision-makers by providing a rigorous analysis of the potential impacts as well as recommending options, where appropriate, for enhancing the positive impacts, mitigating the negative ones and reducing health inequalities.

2.1.5

HIA uses both a biomedical and social definition of health, recognising that though illness and disease (mortality and morbidity) are useful ways of understanding and measuring health they need to be fitted within a broader understanding of health and wellbeing to be properly useful (See Fig 2.1).

2

WHO European Centre for Health Policy; Health impact assessment: main concepts and suggested approach; Gothenburg consensus paper; WHO Regional Office for Europe; 1999.

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Fig 2.1: The determinants of health and wellbeing

2.1.6

3

HIA uses the following World Health Organization psycho-social definition of health in our work: Health is “the extent to which an individual or group is able to realise aspirations and satisfy needs, and to change or cope with the environment. Health is therefore a resource for everyday life, not the objective of living; it is a positive concept, emphasizing social and personal resources, as well as physical capacities.”4

2.1.7

This definition builds on and is complementary to the longer established World Health Organization definition that “Health is a state of complete physical, social and mental wellbeing and not simply the absence of disease or infirmity”5.

2.2

Our approach to HIA

2.2.1

HIA take a systems approach to HIA. The model used to understand the health and wellbeing impacts encompasses the plan or project, the determinants of health and wellbeing, pathways of action and the impacts themselves. Fig 2.2. illustrates the approach to the HIA of the Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension.

3

Peter Brett Associates; Adapted from Dahlgren G and Whitehead, Policies and strategies to promote social equity in health; Institute of Future Studies; Stockholm; 1991. 4 World Health Organization; Health Promotion: A Discussion Document on the Concepts and Principles; WHO Regional Office for Europe; Copenhagen; 1984. 5 World Health Organization; Preamble to the Constitution of the World Health Organization as adopted by the International Health Conference, New York, 19-22 June 1946, and entered into force on 7 April 1948

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Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment

Fig. 2.2 A systems view of the potential health and wellbeing impacts of the proposed Trumpington Meadows development.

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension, Trumpington, Cambridge Development Framework & Outline Proposals

Natural environment

General population and potentially vulnerable sub-groups

Social and neighbourhood environment

Older people

Lifestyles and daily routines

Children and young people

Transport and essential infrastructure

People with chronic conditions/ disabilities

Employment and education

Social capital, cohesion and inequalities

Socially dis-advantaged people

Health and wellbeing impacts (direct and indirect)

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Employees

Availability and access to services and amenities

Peter Brett Associates

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment

2.3

Our general HIA methodology

2.3.1

The general methodology is based on established good practice guidance on HIA developed by the Department of Health and the Health Development Agency (now the subsumed into the National Institute of Clinical Excellence) and the Devolved Regions.

Screening 2.3.2

This stage assesses the value of carrying out a HIA by examining the importance of a plan or project and the significance of any potential health impacts.

Scoping 2.3.3

This stage sets the ‘terms of reference’ for the HIA i.e. the aspects to be considered, geographical scope, population groups that might need particular focus, what will be excluded from the HIA, how the HIA process will be managed and so on.

Baseline assessment and community profile 2.3.4

This stage uses routine national and local datasets e.g. national census, local surveys, area profiles, and other demographic, social, economic, environmental and health information to develop a community profile with a strong focus on health and wellbeing issues, and identification of vulnerable groups, as a baseline from which to assess the potential positive and negative impacts and any health inequalities.

Stakeholder consultation and involvement 2.3.5

This stage uses workshops, questionnaires, interviews, surveys and other methods of consultation and involvement to engage key stakeholders, in particular local people, in the identification and appraisal of the potential health and wellbeing impacts, in the development of mitigation measures; and in developing options for monitoring and evaluating the identified impacts.

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Evidence and analysis 2.3.6

This stage involves the collation of key evidence and the systematic analysis of the potential impacts, their significance, the groups likely to be most affected and the strength of the evidence for these impacts through the use of matrices and models.

Mitigation measures 2.3.7

This stage involves the identification of a range of measures to minimise the potential negative health effects and maximise the positive health benefits identified in the previous stages.

Health impact statement 2.3.8

This stage produces the final health statement, non-technical summary and presentations to key stakeholders.

2.3.9

It involves summarising the key conclusions, options and recommendations emerging from the assessment including identifying monitoring and evaluation indicators and processes to ensure that health and wellbeing are maintained during the whole lifecycle of a project or plan.

Follow up 2.3.10 This stage involves the active follow up of the project or plan to monitor and/or ensure that mitigation measures have been put in place after a project or plan is approved. 2.3.11 It can also involve: a) presentation of the findings to key professional stakeholders; b) the development and implementation of a health impact communication plan to ensure that local communities fully understand the findings of the HIA and how and why it was carried out; and c) the evaluation of the effectiveness and value of the HIA process itself.

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3

Methodology

3.1

Introduction

3.1.1

The following sections outline the methodology applied to this rapid health impact assessment (HIA). They concern the following: a definition of the study area and study population; sources of information consulted; consultation and consultee feedback; assessment criteria and assessment framework.

3.1.2

This rapid HIA used existing data and information from earlier technical studies and consultations as well as routine data sources.

3.1.3

The methodology and methods used were based on existing good practice guidance in England and the Devolved Regions.

3.1.4

The assessment was largely qualitative except where data was available to enable quantification or where quantification of health impacts has already been undertaken in previous assessments e.g. technical studies for the environmental impact assessment (EIA).

3.2

Study area

3.2.1

The geographical scope of this HIA was the wards in which the development site is located: Trumpington and Haslingfield and the Eversdens as well as Barton (Grantchester is located within it), Harston and Hauxton, and The Shelfords and Stapleford which are the wards surrounding the development site. These were considered in relation to South Cambridgeshire and Cambridgeshire as a whole.

3.3

Study population

3.3.1

The population scope of this HIA was the resident population in the geographical areas described above and the new residents that are likely to move into the development. The key vulnerable groups considered were children and young people, women, older people, people with disabilities and/or chronic conditions, people on low incomes/unemployed, minority groups and employees. A detailed list of population sub-groups considered is provided in the Appendix.

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3.4

Sources consulted

3.4.1

The key planning documents that were reviewed were the design and access statement, the sustainability statement, the consultation statement and the environmental statement (including the associated detailed technical studies).

3.4.2

A range of information sources were considered including Office of National Statistics; Department of Health community health profiles; Audit Commission area profiles; Cambridgeshire Observatory data; Eastern Health Observatory data; information from Cambridgeshire PCT, Cambridge County Council, Cambridge City Council and South Cambridgeshire Council; as well as previous relevant HIA reports, databases and review of health impact evidence.

3.4.3

In relation to assessing the potential health and social care implications of the proposed development we used what local guidance that was available as well as good practice guidance from elsewhere e.g. the London NHS Healthy Urban Development Unit.

3.4.4

No specific HIA-related wider stakeholder or community consultation was undertaken given the previous consultations that have already taken place, the nature of the development and the current outline level of design detail as further consultation would not have provided any new information for this assessment.

3.5

Analysis and assessment criteria

3.5.1

The assessment was based on a document analysis and desk-top health impact analysis using a matrix table to analyse the potential positive and negative health and wellbeing impacts. The categories used in the matrix table were: physical and mental health; employment and enterprise; housing and accommodation; transport and connectivity; learning and education; crime and safety; health and social care; shops and retail amenities; social capital, cohesion and inclusion; culture and leisure; lifestyle and daily routines; land and spatial (including energy and waste).

3.5.2

The identified impacts were then classified using the levels defined in Table 3.1 below.

3.5.3

We compared the potential impacts to a ‘Do Nothing’ option for the construction, short term operation and long term operational phases of the proposed development.

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Table 3.1: Definition of the levels of potential impact Significance Level

Criteria

Severe ----

Only adverse effects are assigned this level of importance as they represent key factors in the decision-making process, and may threaten the viability of the project. These effects are generally, but not exclusively, associated with sites and features of international, national or regional importance. A change at a regional or district scale site or feature may also enter this category. Typically, mitigation measures are unlikely to remove severe adverse effects.

(negative only)

Major +++/--(positive or negative)

Moderate ++/-(positive or negative)

Minor/Mild ++/-(positive or negative)

Neutral/No Effect ~

3.5.4

These effects are likely to be important considerations at a local or district scale. If adverse, potential concerns to the project may become key factors in the decision-making process. Mitigation measures and detailed design work are unlikely to remove all of the adverse effects upon the affected communities or interests. These effects, if adverse, while important at a local scale, are unlikely to be key decision-making issues. Nevertheless, the cumulative effect of such issues may lead to an increase in the overall effects on a particular area or on a particular resource. They represent issues where effects will be experienced but mitigation measures and detailed design work may ameliorate or enhance some of the consequences upon affected communities or interests. Some residual effects will still arise. These effects may be raised as local issues but are unlikely to be of importance in the decision-making process. Nevertheless they are of relevance in enhancing the subsequent design of the project and the consideration of mitigation and/or compensation measures. No effect or effects which are beneath the level of perception or within normal bounds of variation.

For each potential health impact ten key issues were considered •

Which population groups are affected and in what way?

•

Is the effect reversible or irreversible?

•

Does the effect occur over the short, medium or long term?

•

Is the effect permanent or temporary?

•

Does it increase or decrease with time?

•

Is it of local, regional, national or international importance?

•

Is it beneficial, neutral or adverse?

•

Are health standards or environmental objectives threatened?

•

Are mitigating measures available and is it reasonable to require these?

•

Are the effects direct, indirect and or cumulative?

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4

Background Context

4.1

Proposed Development

4.1.1

Reflecting discussions with the Local Planning Authorities since July 2006, the proposed development includes the following uses, to be developed over the period up to 2015: •

approximately 1,200 dwellings on 30 ha of gross development, including 30% affordable housing

•

two new access points onto Hauxton Road and an emergency access off Grantchester Road

•

1.75ha primary school site incorporating additional community facilities

•

250sqm retail unit and other flexible ground floor commercial space in the local centre

•

approximately 60 ha of riverside community park

•

formal and informal open space, and children’s play space including a multi-use games area (MUGA), and one tennis court within the school site for community use and on combined local and neighbourhood equipped area of play (NEAP and LEAP) plus two further LEAPS.

•

0.5 ha of allotments

•

a comprehensive network of footpaths and cycleways

•

a gateway feature into Cambridge city and the site.

The Supplementary Design and Access Statement (July 2007) provides the detail of the proposals to which this report refers.

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4.2

Rationale for the proposed development6

4.2.1

The principle of sustainable urban extensions on the edge of Cambridge city and of revisions to the green belt to accommodate this growth is well established and was incorporated within the 2000 Regional Planning Guidance for East Anglia. The Cambridgeshire Sub-Regional Study (2001) was commissioned to identify where the green belt could be rolled back to accommodate the substantial growth for Cambridge and its sub-region. Land south of Cambridge was identified, which subsequently became known as the Cambridge Southern Fringe.

4.2.2

The Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Structure Plan (2003) subsequently incorporated policies for the delivery of the Southern Fringe. Policy P9/2C requires a strategic master plan for the whole of the Southern Fringe to be prepared, including land to the east and south of Trumpington. This requirement has subsequently been satisfied through the Southern Fringe Area Development Framework prepared by the city council to expand upon Policy 9/5 of the city local plan, and approved in January 2006.

4.2.3

Trumpington Meadows is identified for sustainable residential development as part of the wider Cambridge Southern Fringe in both the emerging City Local Plan and South Cambridgeshire Local Development Framework. Both provide details of the Councils’ vision for the site, and guidance on the form and nature of development anticipated, including the desired land use mix, accessibility, and landscape and open space principles.

4.2.4

The historicity of the Southern Fringe urban expansion largely accounts for the degree of consensus surrounding the local plan allocations that seek to implement this.

4.2.5

The sub-region of Cambridgeshire has been identified as one of four major growth areas in England (ODPM, 2003).

4.3

Planning, design and assessment work carried out to date

4.3.1

A range of detailed design and assessment work has already been undertaken since 2002 with a series of community consultations in 2004 and 2005.

6

Information sourced from the development framework documents and the environmental impact assessment for the proposed development.

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4.3.2

4.3.3

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment

The key design and assessment work carried out to date have been documented in: •

Design and access statement

•

Environmental statement

•

Supporting Statement

•

Sustainability Assessment

•

Consultation Assessment

•

Transport Assessment

Additional information that has been submitted in April 2007 as requested by the Local Planning Authorities includes: •

Supplementary Design and Access Statement (Terence O’Rourke Ltd)

•

Sustainability Report, July 2007 (Peter, Brett Associates)

•

Energy Statement (Peter Brett Associates)

•

Waste Audit (Peter Brett Associates)

•

Environmental Statement Addendum

•

Supporting Statement Addendum

•

Flood Risk Assessment Addendum

•

Plant Noise Assessment Robert Sayle Building (Capita Symonds)

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Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment

5

Policy Context

5.1

Introduction

5.1.1

This chapter summarises the health, social care and wellbeing (-related) policy context in relation to the proposed Trumpington Meadows development, at the national, regional, local authority and PCT levels.

5.1.2

The following policy documents below seek to promote ‘healthy communities’ through the following means; social cohesion and inclusion; contributions to people's wellbeing; protection of human health; health and safety; provision and access to health services; sustainable development and the control of the health impacts of developments.

5.2

National Policy

5.2.1

Planning Policy Statement 1: Delivering Sustainable Development (February 2005)

5.2.2

Planning and Climate Change: Supplement to Planning Policy Statement 1 (March 2007)

5.2.3

Planning Policy Guidance 8: Telecommunications (August 2001)

5.2.4

Planning Policy Statement 9: Biodiversity and Geological Conservation

(August

2005) 5.2.5

Planning Policy Statement 10: Planning for Sustainable Waste Management (July 2005)

5.2.6

Planning Policy Statement 11: Regional Spatial Strategies (September 2004)

5.2.7

Planning Policy Statement 12: Local Development Frameworks

5.2.8

Planning Policy Guidance 13: Transport (March 2001)

5.2.9

Planning Policy Guidance 17: Planning for Open Space, Sport and Recreation (July

(September 2004)

2002) 5.2.10 Planning Policy Statement 23: Planning and Pollution Control (November 2004)

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5.2.11 Planning Policy Guidance 24: Planning and Noise (September 1994) 5.2.12 Planning Policy Statement 25: Development and Flood Risk (December 2006) 5.2.13 Planning Policy Guidance 4: Industrial, commercial development and small firms (November 1992) 5.2.14 UK Air Quality Standards and Objectives (Defra) and Air Quality Strategy (2000) and Addendum to the Air Quality Strategy (2003) 5.2.15 UK 2006 Climate Change Programme 5.2.16 From Decent Homes to Sustainable Communities: A discussion draft (CLG, June 2006) 5.2.17 Code for Sustainable Homes (CLG, December 2006) 5.2.18 Rural Strategy 2004 (Defra) 5.2.19 DfT sustainable travel policies (see DfT website) 5.2.20 DfT Climate Change and Transport (2006) 5.2.21 Defra Circular 1/2006 Contaminated Land (2006) 5.3

Regional policy

5.3.1

The Cambridgeshire Sub-Regional Strategy: (2001)

5.3.2

The Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Structure Plan (2003)

5.3.3

Cambridge Southern Fringe Area Development Framework (January 2006)

5.3.4

Corporate Annual Report 2005-2006, Cambridge City and South Cambridgeshire Primary Care Trusts (2006)

5.3.5

Cambridge City and South Cambridgeshire PCTs Local Delivery Plan 2005 To 2008 First Year Action Plans (May 2005)

5.3.6

Regional Planning Guidance for East Anglia to 2016, Government Office for the East of England RPG6 (November 2000)

5.3.7

Cambridgeshire Local Transport Plan 2006-2011 (LTP2)

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5.3.8

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment

Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Joint Waste Management Strategy for dealing with Municipal Solid Waste 2002-2022

5.4

Local policy

5.4.1

Cambridge City Council (CCC) Arts Plan For Cambridge 2002 – 2007

5.4.2

CCC Children & Young People’s Strategy 2004-2008

5.4.3

CCC Community Safety Strategy 2005-2008

5.4.4

CCC Crime and Disorder Strategy

5.4.5

CCC Economic Development Strategy 2004-2007: Supporting Success. Tackling Disadvantage

5.4.6

CCC Health Improvement Strategy: Improving the Health of the People of Cambridge (November 2001)

5.4.7

CCC Homelessness Strategy (June 2003)

5.4.8

CCC Housing Strategy 2004-2007

5.4.9

CCC 2006 Cambridge Local Plan

5.4.10 CCC Medium Term Objectives 2006 (Final Version) 5.4.11 CCC Open Space and Recreation Strategy (November 2006) 5.4.12 CCC Parks, Play and Open Spaces Strategy 5.4.13 Single Homeless And Rough Sleepers Strategy 2006-09 5.4.14 CCC Sports Services Strategy (2002-2003) 5.4.15 CCC Southern Corridor Area Transport Plan (2002) 5.4.16 South Cambridgeshire District Council Development Control Policies Development Plan Document (DCPDCP) - DP/1 Sustainable Development 5.4.17 South Cambridgeshire District Council Cambridge Southern Fringe Area Action Plan (CSFAAP) - CSF/21 - An Exemplar in Sustainability

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5.5

Health and social care policy

5.5.1

Cambridgeshire Health: Director of Public Health Annual Report 2005-06

5.5.2

Our Health, Our Care, Our Say (2006)

5.5.3

Choosing Health (2004)

5.5.4

Choosing Health: Physical Activity Action Plan (2005)

5.5.5

Choosing Health? Choosing a Better Diet,(2004)

5.5.6

Sustainable Communities: People, Places and Prosperity (2005)

5.5.7

Tackling Health Inequalities (2003)

5.5.8

Living Places: Cleaner, Safer, Greener (now CLG lead, October 2002)

5.5.9

National Community Safety Plan 2006–09 (November 2005)

5.5.10 Cabinet Office Social Exclusion Unit Health and Transport (June 2006) 5.5.11 Tackling Obesity in England (February 2001) 5.5.12 Health Concordat (2005) 5.5.13 DfT Walking and Cycling Action Plan Walking in towns and cities: Govt response to Select Committee Report, 2001; DfT sustainable travel policies (see DfT website)

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Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment

6

Baseline and Community Profile

6.1

Introduction

6.1.1

This chapter describes the key baseline conditions as they relate to the direct and indirect determinants of health for the Cambridgeshire wards of Barton, Harston and Hauxton, Haslingfield and The Eversdens and The Shelfords and Stapleford alongside the Cambridge City ward of Trumpington, within the context of Cambridge City and South Cambridgeshire (See Fig 6.1). The proposed development is situated within the wards of Trumpington and Haslingfield and the Eversdens. The two major settlements nearest to the proposed development site are Trumpington Village (Trumpington ward) and Grantchester to the North (Barton ward). The information in this chapter has been gathered from the Office of National Statistics; Department of Health community health profiles; Audit Commission area profiles; Cambridgeshire Observatory data; Eastern Health Observatory data; the Sports England Active Places database information from Cambridgeshire PCT, Cambridge County Council, Cambridge City Council and South Cambridgeshire Council.

6.1.2

This is not intended to be an exhaustive profile of the current social, economic and environmental conditions as they relate to health and wellbeing but a rapid assessment of readily accessible information relating to the Trumpington Sustainable Urban Extension and the adjacent wards.

6.1.3

This chapter complements the Socio-economic chapter of the Environmental Impact Assessment of the Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension and therefore should be read in conjunction with it.

6.2

Cambridge City

6.2.1

Cambridge City has one of the lowest deprivation measures in the country. The four most deprived wards are concentrated at the northern end of the city compared to Trumpington which is situated in the south.

6.2.2

It has high levels of decent local authority housing,

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6.2.3

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment

There is high life expectancy and a lower than average number of deaths from smoking, heart disease, stroke, and cancers. And a higher than average proportion of the population are estimated to be eating healthily.

6.2.4

However, the difference in the life expectancy between the healthiest and least healthy parts of the city is 7 years. This is high, with many less healthy places having lower levels of inequality.

6.2.5

The level of recorded violent crime is significantly higher than the national average (although the total number of recorded crimes has fallen over the past 3 years).

6.2.6

In relation to children and young people there are high levels of GCSE achievement and low levels of teenage pregnancy

6.2.7

The road trauma rate for people using roads in the area is high, although, importantly, this may differ from the road trauma rates of local residents.

6.2.8

There are significantly higher numbers of hospital admissions related to alcohol, even after taking into account the numbers of young adults.

6.2.9

The Community Strategy for Cambridge has identified some key issues for the local population: traffic congestion and the need to promote alternatives to car travel; crime and the fear of crime; enough affordable housing; and the many needs of older people.

6.3

South Cambridgeshire

6.3.1

South Cambridgeshire also has one of the lowest deprivation measures in the country. All its wards are in the 25% of least deprived wards.

6.3.2

Life expectancy for both men and women is well above average, even when compared with similar areas.

6.3.3

However, the difference in the life expectancy between the healthiest and least healthy parts of the district is 6 years.

6.3.4

The proportion of the population who smoke is low as is the proportion who are estimated to binge drink.

6.3.5

In relation to children and young people GCSE achievement is high and teenage pregnancy is low.

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6.3.6

The number of violent offences is relatively low.

6.3.7

The population has grown by over 20% during the past 20 years and is likely to grow by a similar amount over the next 20 years, with important consequences for infrastructure and services.

6.3.8

Local reports have recently emphasised a focus on: children and young people; the importance of promoting healthier lifestyles through increased physical activity, healthier eating and smoking reduction; addressing inequalities; and improving and developing services to enable older people to continue living independently at home.

Fig 6.1 Trumpington, Barton and Haslingfield and the Eversdens in relation to Cambridge City [Maps source: Ordnance Survey7]

6.4

Population characteristics

7

Reproduced from Ordnance Survey data by permission of Ordnance Survey. © Crown copyright (2007). All rights reserved. License No. (100017583)

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6.4.1

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment

The resident population of Trumpington, Barton, Haslingfield and The Eversdens, The Shelfords and Stapleford, and Harston and Hauxton in relation to Cambridge City and South Cambridgeshire are approximately 6,600; 2,400; 2,700; 6,900; 2,400; 109,000 and 130,000 respectively. The average age in Trumpington is 39 years; in Barton 44 years; in Haslingfield and The Eversdens 41 years; in The Shelfords and Stapleford 43 years; and in Harston and Hauxton 41 years compared to 36 years in Cambridge City and 39 years in South Cambridgeshire. Trumpington like the rest of Cambridge has a younger population and that population is predominately made up students going to the local university. In contrast South Cambridgeshire has a somewhat older population.

6.4.2

Figure 6.2 shows that Trumpington, an urban area of Cambridge City, has a younger population profile than Barton, Haslingfield and The Eversdens and the other rural wards of interest in South Cambridgeshire. It has almost two and half times the population of 20-29 year olds compared to the other wards of interest.

Fig. 6.2 Proportion of residents by age Trumpington, Barton, Haslingfield and The Eversdens and the other wards of interest in South Cambridgeshire compared to Cambridgeshire as a whole [Source: Office of National Statistics] 50% 45%

Barton

40%

Harston and Hauxton

35%

Haslingfield and The Eversdens The Shelfords and Stapleford Trumpington

30% 25% 20%

Cambridge

15%

South Cambridgeshire

10%

Cambridgeshire

5% 0% 0 to 15

6.4.3

16 to 19

20 to 29

30 to 59

60 to 74

75 and Over

Projections of population growth produced by Cambridgeshire County Council Research Group estimate that the population will rise to 178,000 for South Cambridgeshire and 147,000 for Cambridge City by 2021 (A 36% and 33% rise in population compared to a Cambridgeshire average of 23% over the twenty year period between 2001-2021). The forecasts predict increases in the number of

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residents in all age groups for both Cambridge City and South Cambridge however the biggest increases in Cambridge City will be of people under 44 years of age while the biggest increases in those South Cambridgeshire will be of people over 65 years of age. 6.5

Ethnic profile

6.5.1

Trumpington, like Cambridge City as a whole, has a more diverse ethnic profile than Barton, Haslingfield and The Eversdens and the other wards of interest in South Cambridgeshire. In Trumpington 77% are White British compared to over 90% in Barton, Haslingfield and The Eversdens and the other wards of interest in South Cambridgeshire. Asian (3.4%) and Chinese (2.3%) are the major ethnic groups in Trumpington.

6.5.2

Travellers are one of the largest minority ethnic groups in Cambridgeshire. At present, it is difficult to identify accurate numbers of Travellers, although regular counts of caravans are published by Communities and Local Government (CLG). Figures, from January 2006, show there are 591 caravans across South Cambridgeshire.

6.5.3

Cambridgeshire has many migrant and seasonal workers. Very little is known about these groups but it is likely that some are living and working in poor conditions and are not accessing appropriate health care. A health needs assessment for migrant workers has been carried out in North Fenland. This indicates that significant numbers of local migrant workers come from Portugal, Lithuania and Poland.

6.6

Religion

6.6.1

In line with the ethnic profile, just under 60% of Trumpington residents are Christian compared to over 70% to residents of Barton, Haslingfield and The Eversdens and the other wards of interest in South Cambridgeshire. There are very small proportion of Muslim, Buddhist, Hindu and Jewish residents in all the wards of interest.

6.7

Family structure Marital status and household composition (See Fig. 6.3) provide a good indication of the family structure, the stability of families and the likely personal and social care networks that

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Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment

Fig. 6.3 Household composition in Trumpington, Barton, Haslingfield and The Eversdens and the other wards of interest in South Cambridgeshire compared to Cambridgeshire as a whole [Source: Office of National Statistics]

30.0% 25.0%

Barton Harston and Hauxton

20.0%

Haslingfield and The Eversdens The Shelf ords and Stapleford

15.0%

Trumpington Cambridge

10.0%

South Cambridgeshire Cambridgeshir e

5.0% 0.0% One Pensioner One person: Other All pensioners

Married couple Married couple Married couple Married couple Cohabiting couple Cohabiting couple Cohabiting couple Cohabiting couple Lone parent Lone parent Lone parent households: No households: With households: With households: All family households: family households: family households: family households: households: With households: With households: All children one dependent tw o or more children nonNo children With one With tw o or more All children non- one dependent tw o or more children nonchild dependent children dependent dependent child dependent children dependent child dependent children dependent

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6.7.1

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment

residents of an area have. Trumpington has more single residents, over 50%, compared with Barton, Haslingfield and The Eversdens and the other wards of interest in South Cambridgeshire who have more married residents, over 40%. All the wards have low rates of divorce, separation (less than 8% of the residents).

6.7.2

The proportion of all pensioner households is greater in Barton, Haslingfield and The Eversdens and the other wards of interest in South Cambridgeshire than in Trumpington.

6.7.3

The proportion of married couples greater in Barton, Haslingfield and The Eversdens and the other wards of interest in South Cambridgeshire than in Trumpington.

6.7.4

The proportion of cohabiting couples with children is similar in al the wards of interest.

6.7.5

The proportion of lone parent households with two or more children is greater in Trumpington than Barton, Haslingfield and The Eversdens and the other wards of interest in South Cambridgeshire.

6.8

Health status

6.8.1

Just under 90% of residents in all the wards of interest described their health as either good or fairly good similar to the Cambridgeshire average (See Fig. 6.4).

6.8.2

Residents of the wards of interest have low levels of limiting long term illness (1316%). Fig. 6.4 Perceived health status and long term limiting illness in Trumpington, Barton, Haslingfield and The Eversdens and the other wards of interest in South Cambridgeshire compared to Cambridgeshire as a whole [Source: Office of National Statistics] 100% 90% 80%

Barton Harston and Hauxton

70%

Haslingfield and The Eversdens

60% 50%

The Shelfords and Stapleford Trumpington

40%

Cambridge

30%

South Cambridgeshire

20% 10%

Cambridgeshire

0% Good Health

Fairly Good Not Good Health Health

W ith a W ithout a Limiting Limiting Long Term Long Term Illness Illness

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6.8.3

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment

Overall, residents of all the wards of interest and have low levels of long term limiting illness when compared to the regional and national average.

6.9

Deprivation and social cohesion

6.9.1

The Index of Multiple Deprivation 2004 (IMD 2004) is a measure of multiple deprivation at the small area level. These are experienced by individuals living in an area. People may be counted in one or more of the domains, depending on the number of types of deprivation that they experience. The overall IMD is conceptualised as a weighted area level aggregation of these specific dimensions of deprivation. The IMD 2004 contains seven domains of deprivation: income deprivation; employment deprivation; health deprivation and disability; education, skills and training deprivation; barriers to housing and services deprivation, living environment deprivation and crime deprivation.

6.9.2

Though the wards of interest are not deprived in relation to England as a whole the IMD scores shows that relative deprivation, in all the wards of interest, occur for Barriers to Housing and Services and the Living Environment (See Fig. 6.5). Fig. 6.5 IMD Scores for Trumpington, Barton, Haslingfield and The Eversdens and the other wards of interest in South Cambridgeshire [the higher the score the greater the deprivation Source: Office of National Statistics] 700

Barton 600

500

Harston and Hauxton

400

Haslingfield and The Eversdens

300

200

The Shelfords and Stapleford

100

Trumpington 0 IMD Score -100

6.9.3

Income Score

Employment Score Health Deprivation Education Skills Barriers to Housing and Disability and Training Score and Services Score Score

Crime Score

Living Environment Score

91% of Cambridge residents think that for their local area, over the past three years, community activities have got better or stayed the same compared to 88% of South Cambridgeshire residents who think so.

6.9.4

36% of Cambridge residents turned out for the last European elections compared to 45% of South Cambridgeshire residents.

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6.9.5

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment

22% of Cambridge residents think that people being attacked because of their skin colour, ethnic origin or religion is a very big or fairly big problem in their local area compared to 14% of South Cambridgeshire residents who think so

6.10

Housing

6.10.1 Cambridge’s housing stock is in generally good condition. However there is a limited supply of land for new housing and its cost is high in relation to what many people can afford to pay, which has helped to fuel the increase in commuting from cheaper locations in the villages and nearby market towns. 6.10.2 The majority of residents of Trumpington, Barton, Haslingfield and The Eversdens, The Shelfords and Stapleford, and Harston and Hauxton live in owner occupied accommodation. In Trumpington, 25% of residents own their home outright, similar to Cambridgeshire as a whole, compared to over 30% for Barton, Haslingfield and The Eversdens, The Shelfords and Stapleford, and Harston and Hauxton. 6.10.3 Both Trumpington and Barton have the highest proportion of residents living in social housing at 19% and 17% compared to 15% for Cambridgeshire as a whole. Trumpington has the highest proportion of residents who live in privately rented accommodation at 19% compared to less than 7% for the other wards of interest. 6.10.4 Average prices for all types are higher than regional and national values. Currently the average house price in Cambridge City and South Cambridgeshire are £280,000 and £250,000, with detached properties fetching £450,000 and £330,000; semidetached properties fetching £285,000 and £220,000; terraced housing fetching £290,000 and £190,000; and flats fetching £210,000 and £150,000. 6.10.5 There are five proposed housing schemes in the Southern Fringe area: Trumpington Meadows

Sustainable

Urban

Extension

for

1,200

new homes;

the

Clay

Farm/Showground scheme for up to 2,300 new homes; the Glebe Farm scheme for approximately 230 new homes; the Bell School scheme for approximately 310 home and the Bayer Site, Hauxton scheme for approximately 250 new homes. 6.11

Employment and unemployment

6.11.1 Trumpington and Barton have similar proportions of full-time employed residents, 38%, compared to the other wards of interest Haslingfield and The Eversdens, The Shelfords and Stapleford, and Harston and Hauxton which have over 42%.

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Trumpington also has a smaller proportion of part-time employed residents, 9%, compared to Haslingfield and The Eversdens, The Shelfords and Stapleford, and Harston and Hauxton whilst Barton has the highest at 15%. 6.11.2 The unemployment rate in all the wards of interest are similar, less than 2.5%. 6.11.3 Trumpington has a higher proportion of students, 20% compared with less than 4.5% for Barton, Haslingfield and The Eversdens and the other wards of interest in South Cambridgeshire. In contrast, Barton, Haslingfield and The Eversdens and the other wards have a higher proportion of retired residents, over 15%, compared with Trumpington with less than 10%. 6.11.4 A greater proportion of the residents of Trumpington are employed in professional occupations, 32%, than Barton, Haslingfield and The Eversdens and the other wards of interest with between 20-24%. In contrast Trumpington has less residents employed in managerial and senior official occupations, 15%, than Barton, Haslingfield and The Eversdens and the other wards of interest which have between 16-22%. In all wards a lower proportion of residents are employed as process, plant and machine operatives; sales and customer service occupations and personal service occupations. 6.11.5 The majority of residents in all the wards of interest work in four main industries: real estate, renting & business activities; education; health & social work; and wholesale & retail trade & repairs. There are significantly higher proportions of Trumpington and Barton residents who are employed in education, 23%, than the other wards of interest. In contrast, Haslingfield and The Eversdens, The Shelfords and Stapleford, and Harston and Hauxton have a higher proportion of residents employed in manufacturing than Trumpington or Barton. 6.11.6 Overall, the economy of both Cambridge City and South Cambridgeshire are buoyant and will continue to be so. 6.12

Education

6.12.1 All the wards of interest have high proportions of residents who have degree level and above qualification with Trumpington and Barton having the highest at 49% and 42% respectively (See Fig. 6.6). 6.12.2 Less than 20% of residents in the wards of interest have no qualifications.

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Fig. 6.6 Proportion of residents with qualifications in Trumpington, Barton, Haslingfield and The Eversdens and the other wards of interest in South Cambridgeshire compared to Cambridgeshire as a whole [Source: Office of National Statistics] 60% Barton

50%

Harston and Hauxton 40%

Haslingfield and The Eversdens The Shelfords and Stapleford

30%

Trumpington Cambridge

20%

South Cambridgeshire 10%

Cambridgeshire

0% No qualifications

Level 1 qualifications

Level 2 qualifications

Level 3 qualifications

Level 4/5 Other qualifications qualifications: Level unknown

6.12.3 Trumpington has a high proportion of students studying at the University of Cambridge compared to the other wards of interest in South Cambridgeshire. 6.13

Transport and connectivity

6.13.1 Given the proximity of a park and ride scheme (also the southern terminus of the new Guided Busway) access by bus in and around the development site, into Cambridge and to the surrounding villages is good. 6.13.2 Over 32% of households in Trumpington compared to less than 15% of households in Barton, Haslingfield and The Eversdens, The Shelfords and Stapleford, and Harston and Hauxton do not own a car or van (See Fig. 6.7). 6.13.3 Also in Barton, Haslingfield and The Eversdens, The Shelfords and Stapleford, and Harston and Hauxton 42% of households have 2 or more cars or vans compared to Trumpington which has 23%. 6.13.4 70% of Cambridge residents think that for their local area, over the past three years, public transport has got better or stayed the same compared to 56% of South Cambridgeshire residents who think so. 6.13.5 28% of Cambridge residents think that for their local area, over the past three years, the level of congestion has got better or stayed the same compared to 27% of South Cambridgeshire residents who think so.

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Fig. 6.7 Proportion of residents with motor vehicles in Trumpington, Barton, Haslingfield and The Eversdens and the other wards of interest in South Cambridgeshire compared to Cambridgeshire as a whole [Source: Office of National Statistics] 50% 45% 40%

Barton

35%

Harston and Hauxton Haslingfield and The Eversdens

30%

The Shelfords and Stapleford

25%

Trumpington

20%

Cambridge

15%

South Cambridgeshire

10%

Cambridgeshire

5% 0% No car or van

1 car or van

2 cars or vans

3 or more cars or vans

6.13.6 The average distance travelled to work in Trumpington and Barton are 12km and 13 km compared with Haslingfield and The Eversdens and the other wards of interest with 14-16km compared to average distances in Cambridge City, South Cambridge and Cambridgeshire of 11km, 16km and 16km respectively. 6.14

Crime and safety

6.14.1 Trumpington has low levels of all crimes and disorder and is below the Cambridge City levels for all crimes except Commercial Burglary. Market ward in the Centre of Cambridge City has by far the highest levels of crime and disorder. However, offenders living in Trumpington, alongside King’s Hedges, West Chesterton, Market, Newnham, tend to have committed more offences than those in Cambridge as a whole (See Table 6.1). 6.14.2 Barton, Haslingfield and The Eversdens, and Harston and Hauxton all have low levels of crime and disorder and are below the South Cambridgeshire average. However, Barton, does have slight to moderate above average levels of abandoned vehicles and poaching. Few offenders live in these wards. 6.14.3 Of the wards of interest only The Shelfords and Stapleford, in South Cambridgeshire, has high levels of crime and disorder with above average levels of domestic violence related incidents, abandoned vehicles, noise complaints, criminal damage, theft of and from vehicles and dwelling, commercial and shed/garage burglaries.

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6.14.4 97% of Cambridge and South Cambridgeshire residents feel very or fairly safe outside during the day. 6.14.5 65% of Cambridge and South Cambridgeshire residents feel very or fairly safe outside after dark. 6.14.6 53% of Cambridge residents think vandalism, graffiti and other deliberate damage is a very big problem in their local area compared to 48% of South Cambridgeshire residents who think so. 6.14.7 59% of Cambridge residents think that people using and dealing drugs is a very big or fairly big problem in their local area compared to 48% of South Cambridgeshire residents who think so. 6.14.8 51% of Cambridge residents think that people being rowdy or drunk in public places is a very big or fairly big problem in their local area compared to 34% of South Cambridgeshire residents who think so. Table 6.1: Comparison of the total numbers of crimes between Cambridge City and South Cambridgeshire as a proportion of all crimes in Cambridgeshire as a whole [Source: Cambridge City and South Cambridgeshire Crime Audit]

6.15

Health and social care

6.15.1 Primary care for all the wards of interest is commissioned by Cambridgeshire Primary Care Trust (PCT) which is a merger of Cambridge City, East Cambridgeshire and Fenland, Huntingdonshire and South Cambridgeshire PCTs as of October 2006. 6.15.2 Fig 6.8 shows the location of health centres, dental practices and pharmacies in Cambridge City and the wards of interest in South Cambridgeshire. Though the development site is within the catchment area there is only one GP practice in Trumpington. On average there are 1,800-1,900 patients to every GP and as experienced at a national level there are considerable pressures on primary and the

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majority of patient lists are full with little spare capacity for sizeable numbers of new patients.

Fig. 6.8 Health Centres, dental practices and pharmacies in Cambridge City and the wards of interest in South Cambridgeshire [Source: Cambridgeshire PCT]

6.15.3 There is only one dental practice, which is not accepting new NHS patients and one pharmacy in Trumpington. 6.15.4 Addenbrooke’s Hospital is the main city general hospital with and accident and emergency service serving the Cambridge City and South Cambridgeshire are.

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6.15.5 The main causes of death in Cambridge City and South Cambridgeshire are circulatory diseases (coronary heart disease and stroke) followed by cancer (lung and bronchus, colorectal, prostate and upper digestive tract) accounting for 37% and 27% of all deaths. Deaths due to road traffic accidents are also higher than the national average. 6.15.6 Cambridgeshire County Council provides the major social care services to Trumpington, Barton, Haslingfield and The Eversdens, The Shelfords and Stapleford, and Harston and Hauxton. Given the overall good health of the population social care needs are in line with those nationally. 6.16

Shops and retail amenities

6.16.1 The majority of shops and retail facilities are concentrated in the centre of Cambridge City though Trumpington does have a range of shopping and retail amenities. 6.17

Culture and leisure

6.17.1 Trumpington, Barton, Haslingfield and The Eversdens, The Shelfords and Stapleford, and Harston and Hauxton have few sports and leisure facilities in their localities. The Sports England Active Places database shows there are currently 10 sports facility within 1 mile of the development site though the majority are linked to educational facilities. 6.17.2 There is thriving arts and culture scene within Cambridge City and Cambridgeshire as a whole but little within Trumpington, Barton, Haslingfield and The Eversdens, The Shelfords and Stapleford, and Harston and Hauxton. 6.17.3 24% of Cambridge residents are within 20 minutes travel time (urban – walking; rural – driving) of a range of three different sports facility types, at least one of which has achieved a quality mark compared to 17% of South Cambridgeshire residents. 6.17.4 74% of Cambridge residents think that for their local area, over the past three years, activities for teenagers has got better or stayed the same compared to 66% of South Cambridgeshire residents who think so. 6.17.5 96% of Cambridge residents think that for their local area, over the past three years, cultural facilities (e.g. cinemas, museums) have got better or stayed the same compared to 93% of South Cambridgeshire residents who think so.

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Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment

6.17.6 85% of Cambridge residents also think that for their local area, over the past three years, facilities for young children have got better or stayed the same compared to 87% of South Cambridgeshire residents who think so. 6.17.7 94% of Cambridge residents think that for their local area, over the past three years, sports and leisure facilities have got better or stayed the same compared to 90% of South Cambridgeshire residents who think so. 6.17.8 95% of Cambridge residents also think that for their local area, over the past three years, parks and open spaces have got better or stayed the same compared to 94% of South Cambridgeshire residents who think so. 6.18

Land and spatial

6.18.1 Both Cambridge City and South Cambridgeshire residents have three key priorities in relation improving the local area. These are: transport and congestion, affordable housing and public transport. 6.18.2 Cambridge and South Cambridgeshire have low levels of derelict land (0.3% and 0%). Though 10% of the land and highways in Cambridge and 30% in South Cambridgeshire are judged to have unacceptable levels of litter and detritus. 6.18.3 1% of the length of local rivers in Cambridge is judged to be of good biological quality though 98% of them are judged to be of good chemical quality. 71% of the length of local rivers in South Cambridgeshire is judged to be of good biological quality and 58% of them are judged to be of good chemical quality. 6.18.4 Only 16% of household waste is recycled and 20% of household waste composted in Cambridge compared to 18% of waste being recycled and 31% of waste being composted in South Cambridgeshire. 57% of household waste from both Cambridge City and South Cambridgeshire is landfilled and there is no energy recovered from it.

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Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment

7

Social Determinants of Health

7.1

Introduction

7.1.1

This is a introduction to some of the key social determinants of health and the development pathways by which they can positively and negatively affect health. The aim is to give a flavour of how the health and wellbeing of existing and new residents can be affected by a range of direct and indirect effects that are generated by land developments.

7.2

Employment and economy

7.2.1

Unemployment generally leads to poverty and a reduction in personal and social esteem.

7.2.2

Poverty excludes people from: being able to afford quality and variety of foods, engaging in opportunities for leisure and physical recreation, enhancing their education and learning, having warm and comfortable homes. It also increases their difficulties in travelling and therefore accessing other services and amenities and levels of stress.

7.2.3

All of these lead to poorer physical growth and development, reduced immunity to disease and reduced physical and mental health wellbeing.

7.2.4

It affects all age groups but greatest effects on those already on low incomes, those with disabilities and children.

7.2.5

The pathway by which employment can be affected by developments is by reducing employment opportunities, affecting local people’s social and welfare entitlements, affecting the viability of the organisations they work for, reducing their opportunities for education and training and reducing their ability to travel and access.

7.2.6

Mitigation involves developing measures to ensure that existing employment, education, training, amenities and public transport are not reduced.

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7.3

Housing and accommodation

7.3.1

Poor housing that is damp, cold with poorly maintained water, electric and gas appliances has an effect on physical growth and development, reduced immunity to infections and mental health and wellbeing.

7.3.2

Housing affects all age groups but greatest effects are on older people, those with disabilities and children.

7.3.3

The pathway by which housing can be affected by developments is where construction work causes vibration and subsidence in existing homes; poor maintenance of social housing; homes where large families live in overcrowded conditions.

7.3.4

Mitigation involves developing measures to ensure housing meets ‘decent homes’ standards especially social housing, building more cheap and affordable homes and improving the access to housing maintenance services.

7.4

Education and learning

7.4.1

Access to education improves the life chances and opportunities of people in terms of access to employment, uptake of health promotion and disease prevention information and being able to articulate need and hence access services more effectively.

7.4.2

It affects all age groups but greatest effects are on children and young people.

7.4.3

The pathway by which education can be affected by developments is through direct changes to an education or training programme e.g. closure of a school and move to a new one; disruption to access to an education or training facility or disruption of their ability to deliver e.g. construction.

7.4.4

Mitigation involves developing measures to ensure that existing education and training opportunities are not reduced or affected.

7.5

Transport and connectivity

7.5.1

Transport can lead to traffic which leads to poorer outdoor air quality which in turn leads to respiratory problems.

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7.5.2

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment

It can also lead to improved access to services and amenities e.g. health and social care, parks, leisure centres, etc. which leads to increased health and wellbeing. Increased opportunities for business expansion leading to more employment opportunities.

7.5.3

It affects all age groups but greatest effects on older people, children, those with disabilities and carers of young children.

7.5.4

The pathway by which transport can be affected by developments is through the building of roads, greater flows of traffic because of new or denser housing developments, or greater flows of heavy traffic because of new or expanded business/industrial facilities.

7.5.5

Mitigation involves developing measures to reduce the outdoor air pollution caused by motor vehicles and industrial factories, ensuring that residential and outdoor play areas are not built near roads with heavy motor traffic.

7.6

Crime and safety

7.6.1

Fear of crime causes stress which reduces immunity to disease and mental wellbeing. Actual experience of crime causes stress and physical injury which reduces physical and mental health and wellbeing.

7.6.2

It affects all age groups but fear of crime is greatest among women.

7.6.3

The pathway by which crime and safety can be affected by developments is through change that they make to neighbourhoods that bring in new people and new routines in a community making crime easier to commit and less easy to notice.

7.6.4

Mitigation involves developing measures where buildings have natural surveillance from neighbours and using ‘designing out crime’ building design principles.

7.7

Health and social care

7.7.1

Reduced access to health services leads to ill-health becoming worse, less amenable to treatment and more likely to lead to a permanent physical or mental impairment. Reduced access to social care services leads to stable chronic conditions becoming worse and the loss of independent living skills which in turn lead to greater physical and mental impairment.

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7.7.2

It affects all age groups but greatest effects are on children and older people.

7.7.3

The pathway by which health and social care can be affected by developments is through disruption to or reduction of public transport, locating facilities in remote locations and not making people aware of the services available to them, closure of local facilities or disruption during a move to a new facility.

7.7.4

Mitigation involves appropriate planning and communication about disruption to access and ensuring alternatives are developed.

7.8

Social capital and cohesion

7.8.1

Disruption and reduction in the quality of the social relationships and social networks that local people and communities have can lead to feeling isolated and excluded which in turn can lead to depression and poor mental wellbeing. It can also make individual more vulnerable to crime and to reduce their access to health and social care services.

7.8.2

It affects all age groups.

7.8.3

The pathway by which social capital and cohesion can be affected by developments is where it raises strong concerns and is not wanted by local people or an initiative that benefits some people at the expense of others.

7.8.4

Mitigation involves developing measures to ensure that there is acceptance of an initiative by local people and affected groups and ensuring that everyone benefits and those that don’t are compensated.

7.9

Environment

7.9.1

Dirty and poor quality built environments as well as little or poor quality green space have a negative effect on mental wellbeing.

7.9.2

It affects all age groups.

7.9.3

The pathway by which environment can be affected by developments is where there is a reduction in street cleaning amenities and park officers, an increase in litter through the inadequate provision of bins, the lack of maintenance of streets and street furniture and the lack of maintenance of public and private buildings.

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7.9.4

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment

Mitigation involves developing measures to ensure that there is an appropriate plan to manage and maintain greenspace and other public spaces.

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8

Community views

8.1

Introduction

8.1.1

This rapid HIA did not carry out any specific community consultation given that there has already been extensive consultation on the development over the last five years.

8.1.2

There has been a significant amount of pre-application consultation relating to the release of land to accommodate substantial housing development in this location. The nature and results of this consultation together with amendments which were made to the scheme as a result of consultation responses received is contained within the Consultation Statement, July 2006, and summarised below.

8.2

Community concerns

8.2.1

The key issues and concerns expressed by local people around the proposed development site fell broadly into twelve categories: green space and open space; congestion (construction and operational); connectivity and access (including sustainable transport); design quality and innovation; site containment; existing features;

environment

and

ecology

(including

flood

risk

and

agriculture);

sustainability; administration and planning policy; amenities and services; and health. The specific concerns raised are detailed below: 8.2.2

Green Space and Open Space

8.2.3

Remaining Green Belt land should be protected from development in the long-term; The proposals for establishing the community park and for improving the River Cam corridor should be implemented in advance of the development in order that they can become established; The public should be encouraged to make use of the balancing ponds in order to draw people away from the river corridor; Development south of the Park and Ride would erode the green swathe between the existing developed area and the M11.

8.2.4

Congestion (Construction and Operational)

8.2.5

The development will lead to additional congestion along the A3109; The junction with the Addenbrooke’s access road has the potential to cause congestion and lead to delays towards the junction with the M11; Construction traffic should be properly

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Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment

managed in order to avoid congestion and conflict; In order to avoid congestion, access to the proposed school should not be taken from the Grantchester to Trumpington Road; Waitrose could be re-located southwards alongside Robert Sayle to help alleviate the current congestion at the junction with Shelford Road. 8.2.6

Connectivity and Access (Including Sustainable Transport)

8.2.7

Sustainable modes of transport should be supported; The development should assist with developing stronger links to Hauxton and Harston; A link across the M11 should be included; There should be no vehicular access from the development onto the road between Trumpington and Grantchester; Links between Trumpington and Grantchester Meadows should be encouraged; The development should seek to adopt a home-zone type layout in order to encourage cycling and walking; The development should seek to develop stronger physical links with the church.

8.2.8

Design Quality and Innovation

8.2.9

The development should seek to provide the highest standards of design; In order to avoid monotony, the development should encourage variety and include a number of different character areas; The development should show a commitment towards contemporary forms of architecture; The layout of the proposed development should be flexible and adaptable to change; The development should seek to deliver an attractive and imaginative gateway to southern Cambridge; The approach to lighting will need to be considered with care; Contamination could be an issue given the previous activity of the site; The development should seek to explore and make provision for the latest best-practice with respect to encouraging more sustainable forms of design and construction; Buildings should be designed to be energy efficient.

8.2.10 Site Containment 8.2.11 The boundaries to the site should be carefully designed; The development should not impinge upon the visual separation between Grantchester and Trumpington ; The built development should be kept off the ridge line so that the scale of the development is visibly reduced when viewed from across the river. 8.2.12 Existing Features 8.2.13 The setting of the grade I Anstey Hall and Trumpington Church should be protected; The re-use of Shepherd’s Cottage, along with associated infrastructure, will have a

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significant impact on the character and openness of the site; Development should not affect the Scheduled Ancient Monument (SAM). 8.2.14 Environment and Ecology (including Flood Risk and Agriculture) 8.2.15 The development will lead to greater visitor pressure along the River Cam corridor and visitor access to the banks will need to be managed by careful routing of footpaths; Existing habitats should not be lost; Retained farmland should be maintained in an environmentally friendly manner; Pockets of wet woodland should be provided; The meadow land should be appropriately managed; Tree planting along Hauxton Road should be encouraged. 8.2.16 Sustainability 8.2.17 Sustainable Urban Drainage systems (SUD) should be incorporated into the scheme; Water management/efficiency measures should be included as part of the development. 8.2.18 Administration and Planning Policy 8.2.19 Potential problems may arise given the fact that the development is split between the two local authority areas. 8.2.20 Amenities and Services 8.2.21 The services and facilities offered as part of the development should seek to complement and enhance existing provision within Trumpington village. 8.2.22 Health 8.2.23 The impact of the development upon local services, such as health and education, should be investigated and appropriate facilities provided if a need is identified. 8.3

Revisions to the masterplan

8.3.1

As a result of this process revisions to the masterplan were made as set out in the Consultation Statement that accompanied the outline planning applications in July 2006. The July 2006 Design and Access Statement presented the masterplan and proposals as it had evolved through the pre-application consultation.

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8.3.2

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment

Following a period of statutory consultation on the outline planning applications further amendments to the proposals and master plan have been discussed with the Local Planning Authorities and are set out in the Supplementary Design and Access Statement, April 2007.

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9

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment

Health Impacts of Current Trends with No New Development

9.1

Introduction

9.1.1

This chapter details the key health and wellbeing trends if no development were to take place on the Trumpington Meadows development site.

9.1.2

The site would continue to remain as commercial premises and farmland. There is likely to be a 30% or more increase in the population of Cambridge City and South Cambridgeshire. It is likely that much of this population growth will be centred in and around urban centres such as Cambridge.

9.1.3

Overall, the health and wellbeing of the local people of Trumpington, Barton, Harston and Hauxton, Haslingfield and the Eversdens, and The Shelfords and Stapleford is likely to remain good.

9.2

Impact analysis Infectious diseases

9.2.1

There will be no change from current trends. The rates of infectious disease is low and immunisation rates in children are high. Non-infectious/chronic diseases

9.2.2

There will be no change from current trends. The main causes of death will continue to be circulatory diseases (coronary heart disease and stroke) and cancer (lung and bronchus, colorectal, prostate and upper digestive tract). Accidents, poisonings and physical injury

9.2.3

There will be no change from current trends. Accidents, poisonings and physical injury rates are low though deaths due to road traffic accidents are higher than the national average.

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Mental health 9.2.4

There will be no change from current trends. Rates of mental health illness are currently low. Population profile

9.2.5

There will be no change from current trends. The population is forecast to continue growing with Trumpington continuing to have a younger population that the other more rural wards of interest in South Cambridgeshire. Employment and economy

9.2.6

There will be no change from current trends. Employment opportunities in both Cambridge City and South Cambridge will continue to be good. Residents of both will continue to be employed in real estate, renting and business activities; education; health & social work; and wholesale & retail trade & repairs. Housing and accommodation

9.2.7

There will be no change from current trends. All the wards of interest have some level of relative deprivation in terms of barriers to housing and the living environment. House prices are likely to continue to rise in line with district trends. There is an influx of economic migrants into the area, from eastern Europe in particular, and this will create additional pressures on housing. Land for traveller communities, and the consequences of the lack of permitted sites, is likely to continue to be a significant issues. Transport and connectivity

9.2.8

There will be no change from current trends. Current transport and connectivity is seen by local residents as good or improving and public transport with the park and ride (also the southern terminus of the new Guided Busway) will continue to be good. Car use is likely to remain high. Education and learning

9.2.9

There will be no change from current trends. Levels of qualifications and skills are high in all the wards of interest.

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Crime and safety 9.2.10 There will be no change from current trends. Crime and disorder will continue to be at low levels except for The Shelfords and Stapleford. Health and social care services 9.2.11 There will be no change from current trends. Existing primary care services are stretched and this situation is unlikely to improve in the short to medium term. Shops and other retail amenities 9.2.12 There will be no change from current trends. There are a good range of shops and retail amenities in Trumpington and Cambridge City Centre is easily accessible. Social capital and cohesion 9.2.13 There will be no change from current trends. There is some diversity and variety of local voluntary sector clubs, groups and organisations that highlights local people’s active engagement in their neighbourhoods. Culture and leisure 9.2.14 There will be no change from current trends.

Culture and leisure facilities will

continue to be limited in the wards of interest particularly the wards in South Cambridgeshire. Lifestyle and daily routines 9.2.15 Lifestyles and daily routines are likely to continue as they currently are. Land and spatial 9.2.16 There are a range of strategic developments proposed for the Southern Fringe to deal with housing pressures and population growth that are likely to change the urban and rural landscape in and around Trumpington, Barton, Harston and Hauxton, Haslingfield and the Eversdens and The Shelfords and Stapleford. 9.3

Mitigation measures

9.3.1

There are existing plans and programmes in Cambridge and South Cambridge to tackle health inequalities and social deprivation.

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9.3.2

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment

Mitigation measures for Trumpington ward and the other wards of interest would include a focus on barriers to housing and services and the living environment.

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10 Health Impacts of the New Development 10.1

Introduction

10.1.1 In total there are likely to be over 10,000 new homes new homes in the Southern Fringe the next 15 years. These will be made up of 1200 homes on the Trumpington Meadows site. This is a sizeable amount of housing development that will significantly change the nature of the Southern Fringe area. 10.1.2 All change involves uncertainty and uncertainty generates worries and fears about the future in existing residents. This is the context within which the health impacts of the proposed development need to be understood. For a detailed assessment of the health impacts compared to doing nothing see Appendix A – the health impact matrix. 10.1.3 People moving house, like those in employment, are likely to be healthier and less likely to have chronic illnesses or serious disabilities than the general population as a whole. 10.1.4 To maintain the health and wellbeing of the new and existing residents requires the construction and operation of a new development needs to take into account their potential health and wellbeing impacts. 10.2

Impact analysis – construction phase

10.2.1 There are three main potential positive health and wellbeing impacts associated with the construction phase of the proposed development. 10.2.1.1

The job opportunities for local people on the development site and the stimulation of the wider economy that the construction is likely to be bring. This is likely to be a minor to moderate positive health impact.

10.2.1.2

The on-the-job construction training opportunities and construction experience that the development will provide. This is likely to be minor to moderate positive health impact.

10.2.1.3

The increased passing trade for local shops and other retail amenities as well as the potential for increased rents from providing accommodation to the construction workers who come from outside Cambridge and its

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Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment immediate surroundings. This is likely to be a minor to moderate positive health impact for construction workers.

10.2.2 There are seven main potential negative health and wellbeing impacts associated with the construction phase of the proposed development. The majority of these are minor, particularly as they are temporary. 10.2.2.1

The nuisance effects associated with the construction activities on the site and the associated construction traffic (chiefly noise and dust). The direction and phasing of the construction will reduce the impacts on Trumpington after the first phase of houses are built and the buffer zone of green space is likely to ensure that impacts on the surrounding villages are minimal. But there is still some likelihood for varying degrees of psychosocial stress related to construction activities and manifested as worry, concern, frustration, anger and upset among existing residents in Trumpington and/or the surrounding villages. This is likely to be a minor to moderate negative health impact.

10.2.2.2

The movement of the construction lorries is likely to generate more congestion of key routes and increase the risks of road traffic accidents. This is likely to be a minor to moderate negative health impact that is most likely to affect those who are living close to or using the roads along which the construction lorries will use.

10.2.2.3

The potential influx of construction workers is likely to create a pressure on existing housing and accommodation and, though beneficial to private landlords, is likely to drive up the costs of renting and owning a home in the area. This is likely to be a minor to moderate negative health impact.

10.2.2.4

The potential influx of construction-related new people into the area may make the area feel more unsafe. This is a likely to be a minor negative health impact.

10.2.2.5

Injured or unwell construction workers are likely to use local health services. This is likely to be a minor negative health impact.

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10.2.2.6

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment The construction phase is likely to interfere with the lifestyles and daily routines of people living close to the site or passing around it. This is likely to be a minor negative health impact.

10.2.2.7

The construction phase is likely to make the development site visually unattractive compared to what it currently is. However, given the current commercial use of the site this is likely to be a minor negative health impact.

10.3

Impact analysis – operation phase

10.3.1 There are six main potential positive health impacts of the development during its operation phase on the new residents of the development and on existing residents around the development site: 10.3.1.1

The new good quality housing on the development that will include affordable and key worker housing on the site. This is likely to be a major positive health impact.

10.3.1.2

The new accessible greenspace with formal play spaces and facilities. There is one access point to the greenspace from Grantchester through an existing rights of way. Additionally given that a motorway cuts across the proposed greenspace it is less likely that new and existing residents to the north of the motorway will fully access the greenspace south of the motorway. It is envisaged that the main access point will be an existing footbridge across the motorway. There is an existing underpass but there are flood risk concerns that make its use problematic. This is likely to be a major positive impact.

10.3.1.3

The transport and connectivity of the development with new cycleways and footpaths as well as strong public transport links through the existing park and ride facility (also the southern terminus of the new Guided Busway) that will connect the new development to Trumpington and the surrounding villages. There is also an aspiration to limit speeds to 20mph and develop shared spaces through the creation of lanes and mews. This is likely to be a major positive health impact.

10.3.1.4

The development of one new primary school and an aspiration to ensure that the schools becomes a community resource through the provision of a

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Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment range of educational, recreational and sports facilities for the new and existing residents of the area. This is likely to be a major positive impact.

10.3.2 There are three main potential negative health impacts of the development during its operation phase on the new residents of the development and on existing residents around the development site: 10.3.2.1

The potential lack of the proposed Southern Fringe health centre and provision for primary care services in the first phase of the development is likely to create additional pressures on local primary care services particularly those in and around Trumpington. This impact could potentially continue into the second phase of the development. This is likely to be a major negative health impact.

10.3.2.2

The increase in motor vehicle traffic in the area. This is likely to lead to more greater congestion and an increased risk of road traffic accidents. This is likely to be a minor health impact.

10.4

Cumulative impacts

10.4.1 Given the wider set of developments proposed around the Southern Fringe the mitigation measures will be important in ensuring that the negative health and wellbeing impacts of the whole set of developments are minimised and their positive impacts maximised. 10.5

Mitigation measures

10.5.1 This set of mitigation measures builds on the measures developed in the accompanying Environmental Impact Assessment and should be read and implemented in conjunction with them. 10.5.2 Health and safety in and around the construction site: 10.5.2.1

Develop and agree on a site specific Code of Construction Practice (CoCP) to deal with potential nuisance issues resulting from the construction site and its operation. This should include a clear line of communication, for example a dedicated helpline phone number, to

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Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment enable local people to report issues and clear responsibilities for how to respond to these issues.

10.5.2.2

Ensure adherence to the new Construction (Design & Management) Regulations 2007 (CDM 2007) regulation have come into force and aims to integrate health and safety into project management. The Health and Safety Executive has produced an accompanying Approved Code of Practice document ‘Managing Health and safety in Construction’ which sets out the implications of the new legislation for developers, contractors, designers and workers.

10.5.2.3

Secure the perimeter of the construction site and consider regular patrols after dark either by local police/community wardens or a private security company.

10.5.2.4

Ensure that best practice is used in dealing with construction related noise, dust and materials.

10.5.2.5

Ensure appropriate remediation of any chemical, biotechnology and agriculture-related contamination of the land on the site.

10.5.3 Recruitment of construction workers: 10.5.3.1

Ensure recruitment for the construction jobs always start locally through job centres and recruitment agencies in Cambridge and South Cambridgeshire. This will also reduce the potential pressures on local housing.

10.5.3.2

Develop a plan for dealing with the accommodation and healthcare needs of construction workers moving into the area from elsewhere. This will need to be developed once construction recruitment has starts and there is a clearer idea of the number of workers likely to move into the area. Housing construction workers in existing permanent dwellings is always preferable to temporary ‘portacabin’ type accommodation even for a short while.

10.5.4 Construction traffic: 10.5.4.1

Develop a construction traffic route and timing plan, in consultation with local people, so that construction traffic avoids peak times on the key

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Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment routes in and around Trumpington and the surrounding villages. Ensure that local people are aware of the plan so that they can be proactive in avoiding those routes and those time when possible. The routes taken by construction are likely to change over the course of the 8 years, so the plan will need to be reviewed and updated regularly. It will be important to ensure that local people are made aware of all updates.

10.5.5 Housing provision: 10.5.5.1

Ensure an adequate number and types of affordable and keyworker housing is built into the development. This will be crucial, both in meeting local housing needs as well as in recruiting and retaining keyworkers for the new developments.

10.5.6 HomeZones approach to neighbourhood design: 10.5.6.1

There is an aspiration reduce speeds to 20 mph and to use elements of HomeZone design in developing the on-street parking and sharing spaces through the creation of lanes and mews. A commitment to consider HomeZone ideas and design principles in the design of the lanes and mews would help to ensure a ‘walkable’ neighbourhood and community are created which allows residents, especially children, to use street spaces and reduce the potential for road traffic accidents.

10.5.7 Schools provision: 10.5.7.1

Children will be attending the local primary school on site and a School Travel Plan will encourage walking and cycling.

10.5.8 Health care provision: 10.5.8.1

A clear plan for providing health care to the residents of the first and second phases of the development needs to be developed. A health centre is not proposed for the development as a health centre will be built as part of the wider set of Southern Fringe developments. It is unclear when exactly this health centre will be built. Residents moving into the first phase of the development are therefore likely to register with existing GPs and health centres in the area for many years. Given that 600 residential units will be created in the first phase and 600 the second, it is likely that

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Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment there will be a resident population of 1440 people in the first phase by 2011/2012 and a further 1440 by 2015 (taking the national household average size of 2.4 people per household). This will create significant pressures on existing primary care services in area and will mean at least one extra GP and associated primary care team will need to be recruited for the development as a whole and ideally two.

10.5.8.2

It is important to consider the early setting up of the proposed health centre for the Southern Fringe to ensure that primary care provision is planned ahead of the influx of new residents to reduce the impacts on both new and existing residents. The proposed location of the has been agreed, however the timing of when it will come into operation has not. It is likely that the first phase residents will require primary care services for between 2-4 years before the Southern Fringe Health Centre is built. There are two potential solutions;

10.5.8.3

to expand services in existing primary care centres in and around Trumpington and the surrounding villages and to allocate a proportion of these new residents to each with the plan of transferring them to the new Southern Fringe health centre when it becomes operational. The advantage of this approach would be that it uses existing primary care services and buildings to serve the new residents. The disadvantages are that i) the new residents may have to travel some distance to get to them, ii) if additional personnel were not recruited then this would place significant pressure on these existing services and potentially reduce the quality of care received by existing residents, and iii) there would need to be space in these existing health centres to house these additional staff.

10.5.8.4

or to provide a temporary modular build health centre at the proposed site of the Southern Fringe development site, if feasible, as soon as feasible with staff transferring to the new permanent Southern Fringe health centre when it becomes operational. The advantage of this would be the local provision of primary care services that is cost-effective (current temporary modular build health units last can be used for 10 years or more and provide a good level of quality accommodation that is flexible enough to meet changing demands), recruitment of health professionals could start early and the team could focus on the health care needs of the new residents and the construction workers.

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10.5.8.5

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment The Healthy Urban Development Unit has developed a financial model to calculate the potential capital and revenue costs of new housing developments in terms of primary care services. While this model has been developed to deal with the London context, which overall is less healthy and more deprived than Cambridge or South Cambridgeshire) it can provide a starting estimate that can be used to consider the potential health and social care service provision costs of the new development.

10.5.8.6

A clear plan for the provision and location of dental services for the development.

10.5.9 Culture, leisure and greenspace provision: 10.5.9.1

Developing better connections between the new greenspace and the surrounding villages will help to ensure that the new greenspace becomes an asset not just to the new residents of the development and Trumpington but to the wider area of South Cambridgeshire. However, there are practical limitations to this due to ownership of the land and distance from the greenspace. The best used greenspace is that which is within 10-20 min walking distance.

10.5.9.2

One key issue will be having clearly defined and agreed on responsibilities for the management and maintenance of public green and open spaces as well as streets and neighbourhoods. Developing a clear plan on the management and maintenance of public and green spaces within the development and considering the potential long term costs of ensuring high quality, clean and safe public and green spaces.

10.6

Residual effects

10.6.1 The above mitigation measures if properly applied and reviewed will ensure that the majority of the negative health impacts of the development are eliminated or much reduced. The above mitigation measures will ensure that health and social inequalities are not widened in the area and have some potential to reduce the relative health and social inequalities in the area.

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10.7

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment

Conclusion The proposed new development has overall positive health impacts both for the new residents of the development as well as for existing residents. However, there will be some temporary minor negative impacts on local people living close to the development during the construction phase and the lack of a clear plan for how the health care needs of the new residents are met is the major negative health impacts in the short term to medium term.

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11 Conclusion 11.1.1 Given the population growth in the area and the pressure and demand on housing some level of strategic, sustainable and socially balanced housing development in the Southern Fringe and near settlements like Trumpington is crucial to ensure the health and wellbeing both of existing and new residents. 11.1.2 The proposal for a Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension provides a good opportunity to do this. 11.1.3 The outline design of the development, its core components and the phasing of the construction are an excellent foundation for ensuring that the potential negative health and wellbeing impacts are minimised and the potential positive health and wellbeing impacts maximised. 11.1.4 Implementing the proposals as set out in the Supplementary Design and Access Statement and the mitigation measures outlined in this report alongside those described in the accompanying Environmental Impact Assessment will help to ensure that the proposed development goes a long way to promoting health and wellbeing, reduce the influence of factors likely to reduce health and wellbeing and narrow the relative health and social inequalities that are present around the development site.

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12 Key References Evidence base for health impacts Health impacts of the built environment: a review, National Institute of Public Health in Ireland, Ireland, 2006 Healthy sustainable communities: what works?, NHS Milton Keynes Health and Social Care Group, England, UK 2004 Housing and public health: a review of reviews of interventions for improving health National Institute of Clinical Excellence evidence briefing, England, UK, 2005 Impact of housing conditions on health - Stockport Metropolitan Borough Council, England, UK, 2005 Aspects of Housing and their Impact on Health - Northumbria University, England, UK, 2003

Past HIAs in the region St Neots Housing Development HIA, Huntingdonshire Primary Care Trust, 2005 Alconbury Airfield Development HIA, Cambridgeshire Health Authority, 2000

Other Documents Creating Healthier Communities a resource pack for local partnerships, ODPM and DH, 2005 Health and Urban Planning Toolkit, Healthy Urban Development Unit, NHS London, 2006 HomeZone Design Guidelines, Institute of Highway Incorporated Engineers, 2002 Housing Audit: assessing the design quality of new housing in the East Midlands, West Midlands and the South West, Commission for Architecture and the Built Environment, 2007

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Peter Brett Associates

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment

Appendix A

A P P E N D I X

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Peter Brett Associates

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment

Health impact matrix for the construction and operation phases of the development compared to no development taking place Legend + positive health impact - negative health impact ~ no identified health impact

Construction Phase (8 years made up of two phases: Years 0-3, Years 4-8) Only construction and associated activity impacts are assessed in this table.

Construction Phase

No development

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impact

+++ ++ +

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension – CONSTRUCTION PHASE

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major --moderate - minor -

impact

Peter Brett Associates

Construction Phase Overall

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment No development
No change from current trends.
The health of the population will continue to be good.
Population growth will mean there is likely to be a continuing pressure on and a shortage of housing of all types, particularly affordable housing.
The employment opportunities for local people will remain the same and economic development will continue in real estate, renting and business activities; education; and health and social care.
Deprivation and social capital are likely to continue at similar levels.

impact --

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension – CONSTRUCTION PHASE
The construction will be phased over 8 years. There is therefore likely to be some disruption, potentially continuously, from construction activity and constructionrelated traffic (materials, equipment, and workers).
There is currently no resident population on the and the current businesses are on short leases. The majority of the businesses are likely to re-locate and this may potentially mean that some employees may either lose their jobs or need to look for new jobs if the re-location is too far for them to commute comfortably.
The residents in the villages surrounding the population site as well as the residents of Trumpington are likely to be most affected by this disruption.
The majority of these negative construction impacts will be minor, relatively short term and temporary negative health impacts on existing resident’s quality of life and sense of wellbeing.
Given the direction and phasing of the construction, the impacts on Trumpington will be much reduced after the first phase of houses are built and the buffer zone of green space is likely to ensure that the impacts are minimal on the surrounding villages. But there is still some likelihood for varying degrees of psychosocial stress related to construction activities – noise, dust, dirt, traffic, other disruption – and manifested as worry, concern, frustration, anger and upset among existing residents.
Overall the construction is unlikely to widen health inequalities.

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impact -/--

Peter Brett Associates

Construction Phase Infectious diseases

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment No development
No change from current trends.
The rates for infectious disease is low and immunisation rates are high.

impact

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension – CONSTRUCTION PHASE
The construction activity is unlikely to cause or spread infectious diseases to existing or new residents.

impact ~


Workers coming into contact with sewage pipes and contaminated water can be affected by micro-organisms such as leptospirosis.
Construction workers moving into the area, particular those who are single, can lead to a rise in sexually transmitted diseases.

Non-infectious/chronic diseases


No change from current trends.
The main causes of death will continue to be circulatory diseases (coronary heart disease and stroke) and cancer (lung and bronchus, colorectal, prostate and upper digestive tract).

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The construction activity will not cause noninfectious/chronic diseases to existing or new residents.
There is likely to be some dust generated by the construction but the levels of these are unlikely to lead to respiratory or cardiovascular problems.

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~

Peter Brett Associates

Construction Phase

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment No development

Accidents, poisonings and
No change from current trends. physical injury
Accidents, poisonings and physical injury rates are low though deaths due to road traffic accidents are higher than the national average.

impact

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension – CONSTRUCTION PHASE
The construction activity is unlikely to cause accidents or physical injury to local residents.
There is a potential for the additional heavy construction lorry traffic to result in an increase in road traffic accidents. This will depend on whether a route strategy and timetable for major traffic movements is developed.
Local children could potentially gain access to the site and get injured.
Some workers may be injured on the construction site from falls, falling objects, collisions, etc.
Construction sites can and do have hazardous substances on-site. This again is likely to be a greater hazard for construction workers than for residents in the surrounding area. The extent of the hazard to construction workers will depend on the safety equipment and safe storage and usage of the substances.
The hazard to residents, especially children ingesting or coming into contact with hazardous chemicals, will depend on the secure storage and security measures to ensure no unauthorised access to the site.

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impact -

Peter Brett Associates

Construction Phase Mental health

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment No development

impact


No change from current trends.

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension – CONSTRUCTION PHASE
Given the direction and phasing of the construction, the impacts on Trumpington will be much reduced after the first phase of houses are built and the buffer zone of green space is likely to ensure that the impacts are minimal on the surrounding villages. But there is still some likelihood for varying degrees of psychosocial stress related to construction activities – noise, dust, dirt, traffic, other disruption – and manifested as worry, concern, frustration, anger and upset among existing residents.


Rates of mental health illness are low.

impact -


However, given the 8 year construction period there are likely to be some cumulative nuisance effects for people living close to the site.
Workers on the site could have psycho-social stress related to their work depending on the quality of the contractors used and the terms and conditions under which they are employed. Population profile


No change from current trends.
The population is forecast to continue growing with Trumpington continuing to have a younger population that the other more rural wards of interest in South Cambridgeshire.

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~


Given that the existing land-use is business premises there will be an increase in the population density on the site. This will be both the construction workers as well as new residents in the early phases of the development.

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~

Peter Brett Associates

Construction Phase

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment No development

Employment & economy
No change from current trends.
Employment opportunities in both Cambridge City and South Cambridge will continue to be good.
Residents of will continue to be employed in real estate, renting and business activities; education, health and social work; and wholesale and retail trade and repairs.

impact ~

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension – CONSTRUCTION PHASE
It is likely that some or all of the construction related employment will go to people in Cambridge City and South Cambridgeshire.
The above will depend on the availability of local people with the relevant skills and the developer’s recruitment drive proactively focusing on local and district construction workers and skilled craftspersons.
The development is likely to stimulate the wider economy of Cambridge City and South Cambridgeshire as the construction starts using local sub-contractors and businesses allied to construction. Businesses may also be set up specifically to deal with activities related to the construction.
There will also be additional passing trade for existing shops and retail amenities in Trumpington from construction workers going to and from the development site.
The major beneficial impact is likely to be on those with construction skills and experience and those who are currently unemployed or under-employed.

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impact +/++

Peter Brett Associates

Construction Phase Housing and accommodation

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment No development
No change from current trends.
All the wards of interest have some level of relative deprivation in terms of barriers to housing and the living environment.
House prices are likely to continue to rise in line with district trends.
There is an influx of economic migrants into the area, from eastern Europe in particular, and this will create additional pressures on housing.
Land for traveller communities, and the consequences of the lack of permitted sites, is likely to continue to be a significant issues.

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impact ~/-

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension – CONSTRUCTION PHASE
Given the length of the construction phase it is very likely, that if local recruitment is difficult, construction workers will move into the area from outside of Cambridge City and South Cambridgeshire and its surrounding settlements. These workers are likely to either rent or buy accommodation and may therefore create pressure on the availability of housing, particularly affordable and good quality housing in Trumpington, Barton and Haslingfield and The Eversdens.
Though this will also be a potential economic opportunity for private landlords.
Given the distance of the development site from existing homes there is unlikely to be any direct impacts on the existing houses in terms of vibration effects and structural damage due to the construction work or lorry movements.
The phased nature of the new development should also make disruption of utility services – water, gas, electricity, waste and sewage disposal less likely.

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impact -/--

Peter Brett Associates

Construction Phase

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment No development

Transport and connectivity
No change from current trends.
Current transport and connectivity is seen by local residents as good or improving and public transport with the park and ride (also the southern terminus of the new Guided Busway) will continue to be good.
Car use is likely to remain high.

impact ~

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension – CONSTRUCTION PHASE
There will be no direct effects on people’s access to private and public transport.
There will be construction traffic and this will have some impact on the movement of private and public transport vehicles on the roads in the area of the site, particularly Hauxton Road, over the life of the construction.
There may be some negative nuisance impacts from the noise and vibration. Though continuous noise and vibration effects can give rise to psycho-social stress among these residents.
The construction traffic will increase the amount of vehicle emissions however these are unlikely to cause physical health effects on existing or new residents. Though peaks in concentration can exacerbate the symptoms of those with existing respiratory and cardiovascular difficulties especially in older people and children.
The increased construction traffic would affect all local people using or living near the Hauxton Road.
Residents of Phase 1 will be particularly affected.

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impact -/--

Peter Brett Associates

Construction Phase Education and learning

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment No development
No change from current trends.

impact ~


Levels of qualifications and skills are high in all the wards of interest.

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension – CONSTRUCTION PHASE
Construction workers employed on the site are likely to gain experience and on-the-job training.

impact +/++


If the developers link into local colleges and construction training schemes then local people will have the opportunity to gain the skills to be recruited for construction as well as young people gaining work experience on employment-linked apprenticeship-type training schemes.
A primary school will be built as part of Phase 1 of the development. Until this is complete temporary primary school accommodation is to be provided on site re-using the magistrates building that will move into its new permanent accommodation in the city centre.

Crime and safety


No change from current trends.
Crime and disorder will continue to be at low levels except for The Shelfords and Stapleford.

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~


There is unlikely to be any significant increases in crime because of the construction, especially during the early phases as access to the development site will be limited.
However, construction sites with their store of materials and the influx of new people can make an area more vulnerable to crime or, at least, to perceived as more vulnerable to crime and less safe. This may mean that police and community guardian/warden patrols may need to be undertaken in and around the site to ensure community safety.

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~/-

Peter Brett Associates

Construction Phase Health & social care services

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment No development
No change from current trends.

impact ~/-


Existing primary care services are stretched and this situation is unlikely to improve in the short to medium term.

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension – CONSTRUCTION PHASE
There will be some impact on local health and social care services.

impact -


Injured or unwell workers on site will use Addenbrooke Hospital’s A&E department and local primary care centres.
Residents moving into Phase 1 and Phase 2 of the development are likely to register with existing GPs in locality until the proposed health centre with the Southern Fringe is operational. This issue is discussed in the operation phase.

Shops and other retail amenities


No change from current trends.

Social capital and cohesion


No change from current trends.

~


There will be some positive impact on local shops and amenities from passing trade from construction workers.

+/++

~


The construction is unlikely to impact negatively on the social capital and cohesion of existing residents given the green buffer between the existing residents and development site which will mitigate many of the nuisance effects associated with the construction. Local people have been aware of the plan to build new houses in the Southern Fringe for many years.

~/-


There are a good range of shops and retail amenities in Trumpington and Cambridge City Centre is easily accessible.
There is some diversity and variety of local voluntary sector clubs, groups and organisations that highlights local people’s active engagement in their neighbourhoods.


The development of social capital and cohesion among the new residents moving onto the development will be affected by the ongoing construction however the majority of residents will be making a positive choice to move into the new development and will be aware of the potential disruption caused by ongoing construction.

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Peter Brett Associates

Construction Phase Culture and leisure

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment No development
No change from current trends.

impact ~


Existing culture and leisure facilities in and around Trumpington are likely to be affected by the construction activity or associated traffic.

~


There is likely to be some disruption of movement between the surrounding villages and Trumpington due to the construction traffic.


Culture and leisure facilities will continue to be limited in the wards of interest particularly the wards in South Cambridgeshire. Lifestyle and daily routines


Lifestyles and daily routines are likely to continue as they currently are.

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension – CONSTRUCTION PHASE


This is dependent on a how the construction site and associated traffic are managed and the adherence to the constructors code of conduct by the contractors and subcontractors working on the site.

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impact ~

-/--

Peter Brett Associates

Construction Phase Land and spatial

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment No development
There are a range of strategic developments proposed for the Southern Fringe to deal with housing pressures and population growth that are likely to change the urban and rural landscape in and around Trumpington, Barton, Harston and Hauxton, Haslingfield and the Eversdens and The Shelfords and Stapleford.

impact ~-

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension – CONSTRUCTION PHASE
The construction activity is likely to make the site visually unattractive. However, the site currently has a range of buildings that are also unattractive and detract from the visual appeal of the wider area.
Some potential for the soil on the development site to have agriculture-related heavy metals, hydrocarbons and other chemical contamination. This is likely to be a greater hazard for the construction workers undertaking the removal than residents in the surrounding area. The extent of the hazard will depend on the safety protocols, clothing and equipment used to safely remove and dispose of these materials. For existing and new residents the remediation of the site will remove hazardous substances from the site and the potential risk.
Demolition and removal of solid waste will need to be managed carefully especially if it is contaminated with heavy metals, asbestos or other chemicals. The flow of materials entering and exiting the site during the construction phase can be significant and will depend on how much can be re-used and recycled on the site. The key effects are likely to be the increase in construction traffic flows on the road and the potential for spillage and throwing up of materials outside the site and thereby creating new hazards for other vehicles and adult and child pedestrians.
The local water company will need to be involved closely in the water and sewage system design and construction to ensure that there is no disruption of fresh water supplies and sewage waste flows and reductions in water quality to existing and new residents.

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impact -/--

Peter Brett Associates

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment

Operation Phase (Years 4-8 during the construction phase and five years on) Operation Phase Overall

No development
No change from current trends.
The health of the population will continue to be good.
Population growth will mean there is likely to be a continuing pressure on and a shortage of housing of all types, particularly affordable housing.
The employment opportunities for local people will remain the same and economic development will continue in real estate, renting and business activities; education; and health and social care.
Deprivation and social capital are likely to continue at similar levels.

impact --

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension – OPERATION PHASE
There will be a significant amount of good quality housing of all types including affordable housing. Given that all the wards of interest show relative deprivation for barriers to housing and services as well as the living environment the development will be a significant positive health benefit for the local community and area.

impact

++/+++


Only a small number of shops and no community facilities are envisaged for the development with health care provision being provided by existing primary care centres until a new health centre is built as part of the Southern Fringe of developments. There are good connections between the new development and the new greenspace which is being created. This will also make the greenspace accessible for local people in Trumpington. The new greenspace is less accessible for residents of Barton (in particular residents of Grantchester), Harston and Hauxton, Haslingfield and the Eversdens and The Shelfords and Stapleford.
Overall the operation phase of the development will not widen health inequalities provided that the development is mixed with an appropriate amount of affordable and keyworker housing of various sizes. There is connectivity between the development site and the neighbouring settlements.

Infectious diseases


No change from current trends.
The rates for infectious disease is low and immunisation rates are high.

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The operation phase will not cause or spread infectious diseases to existing or new residents.

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~

Peter Brett Associates

Operation Phase Non-infectious/chronic diseases

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment No development
No change from current trends.
The main causes of death will continue to be circulatory diseases (coronary heart disease and stroke) and cancer (lung and bronchus, colorectal, prostate and upper digestive tract).

impact

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension – OPERATION PHASE
The operation phase will not cause non-infectious/chronic diseases to existing or new residents.

impact

++/+++


The good connectivity of the streets, cycleways and footpaths within the development as well as good access to public transport is likely to help ensure that obesity trends in the area do not rise and circulatory disease remain low.
The development will create new greenspace to the South of Trumpington.

Accidents, poisonings and
No change from current trends. physical injury
Accidents, poisonings and physical injury rates are low though deaths due to road traffic accidents are higher than the national average.


The operation phase will not cause accidents, poisonings or physical injury to local residents.

~/-


The development will increase car traffic in the area and is likely to result in an increase the absolute, but not the relative numbers of, road traffic accidents.
There will also be continuing construction traffic during Years 4-8, to the site and this could pose a hazard to residents of the first phase of the development if not managed correctly.

Mental health


No change from current trends.
Rates of mental health illness are low


The development will create new greenspace to the South of Trumpington that will be highly accessible by both the new residents and existing residents of Trumpington. It is unclear how accessible the greenspace will be from surrounding villages.
The development will provide new housing and a small number of new employment opportunities for new and existing residents in the area.
Existing residents living around the development site have been aware of this development and local consultation has shown that they are broadly in favour of it.

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+++

Peter Brett Associates

Operation Phase Population profile

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment No development
No change from current trends.

impact ~


The population is forecast to continue growing with Trumpington continuing to have a younger population that the other more rural wards of interest in South Cambridgeshire.

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension – OPERATION PHASE
Given that the existing land-use is business premises there will be an increase in the population density on the site. This will be in line with that of Trumpington and occur over a 4-6 year period.

impact

~


Residents will begin moving onto the site after the first phase.
New residents moving onto the new development are likely to be young families and late middle age couples. The majority are likely to be working families and have stable incomes.
As new residents move into the built phases of the new development the overall age structure will change gradually during the construction and is likely to have a profile and structure that is similar to Trumpington.

Employment & economy
No change from current trends.
Employment opportunities in both Cambridge City and South Cambridge will continue to be good.
Residents continue to be employed in real estate, renting and business activities; education, health and social work; and wholesale and retail trade and repairs.

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-/--


The development will create a small amount of new shopping and retail space.
And there will be a loss of jobs from the site when the businesses currently occupying the site on a temporary basis relocate.

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+

Peter Brett Associates

Operation Phase Housing and accommodation

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment No development
No change from current trends.
All the wards of interest have some level of relative deprivation in terms of barriers to housing and the living environment.
House prices are likely to continue to rise in line with district trends.
There is an influx of economic migrants into the area, from eastern Europe in particular, and this will create additional pressures on housing.
Land for traveller communities, and the consequences of the lack of permitted sites, is likely to continue to be a significant issues.

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impact ~/-

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension – OPERATION PHASE
The new development will have a range of housing types including affordable housing.
On the new development as new residents move into the built phases the overall levels of tenure and turnover will obviously change. A mix of housing types and tenures is planned.
It is unlikely that there will be large positive or negative changes in the prices of existing housing because of the new development itself.
The new housing will be built to a number of quality and building regulation standards. The development will therefore increase the stock of good quality housing in the area.
A commitment to the new Code for Sustainable Homes standards and important elements of Lifetimes Homes standards would ensure that the housing attracts both a premium price for the developer and is a long term positive housing asset to Cambridge and South Cambridgeshire.

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impact

+++

Peter Brett Associates

Operation Phase

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment No development

Transport and connectivity
No change from current trends.

impact ~


Current transport and connectivity is seen by local residents as good or improving and public transport with the park and ride (also the southern terminus of the new Guided Busway) will continue to be good.

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension – OPERATION PHASE
The development is built around the existing park and ride facility which is to be the southern terminus of the guided busway making public transport central to the development and ensuring that all residents of the new development are with easy walking distance of local buses. The increase in patronage is also likely to enhance local buses going to the surrounding villages.

impact

+++


On the development itself there will be an interconnected set of roads, cycleways and footpaths to ensure that residents have every opportunity to reduce their use of cars.


Car use is likely to remain high.


There will be an increase in motor vehicle traffic on the road inside and around the development however with some modifications these are within the capacity of the existing routes.
There is an aspiration limit speeds to 20mph and to create shared spaces. A stronger commitment to embed HomeZone principles that create family and child friendly neighbourhoods where residents can meet and children can play would enhance the health and wellbeing of the new residents. Education and learning


No change from current trends.

~


The development will provide one primary school. This will be an opportunity to use the best design practice in relation to schools and ensure that school becomes a community resource for adults and children alike both as a learning and sporting resource.

+++

~


Crime and safety issues are likely to follow the same trends as Trumpington, Barton, Haslingfield and The Eversdens. However, given that there will be an increase in the local population absolute numbers of crimes is likely to increase.

-


Levels of qualifications and skills are high in all the wards of interest.

Crime and safety


No change from current trends.
Crime and disorder will continue to be at low levels except for The Shelfords and Stapleford.

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Peter Brett Associates

Operation Phase Health & social care services

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment No development
No change from current trends.
Existing primary care services are stretched and this situation is unlikely to improve in the short to medium term.

impact ~/-

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension – OPERATION PHASE
A health centre is not proposed for the development as a health centre will be built as part of the wider set of Southern Fringe developments. It is unclear when exactly this health centre will be built.
Residents moving into the first phase of the development are therefore likely to register with existing GPs and health centres in the area for many years. Given that 600 residential units will be created in the first phase and 600 the second, it is likely that there will be a resident population of 1440 people in the first phase by 2011-12 and 1440 in the second phase by 2015 (taking the national household average size of 2.4 people per household). This will create significant pressures on existing primary care services in area and will mean 1 extra GP and associated primary care team will need to be recruited for each of the two phases of development.
It is important to consider the early setting up of the proposed health centre for the Southern Fringe to ensure that primary care provision is planned ahead of the influx of new residents to reduce the impacts on both new and existing residents.
There will be similar impact on local dental services.
It is likely that existing pharmacy services in the area will be able to cope with the additional number of potential users/customers.
There is unlikely to be pressure on social care services during the early phases of the development as the people likely to move into the new development will tend to be healthier than the general population. Additionally the wards of interest have a population that is healthier than the national average and has fewer people with long term limiting illnesses. However, there will need to be strategic planning for the long term delivery of social care to ensure independent living in old age as well as the development of care and nursing homes.

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impact

---

Peter Brett Associates

Operation Phase Shops and other retail amenities

Social capital and cohesion

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment No development
No change from current trends.

impact ~


There are a good range of shops and retail amenities in Trumpington and Cambridge City Centre is easily accessible.


No change from current trends.
There is some diversity and variety of local voluntary sector clubs, groups and organisations that highlights local people’s active engagement in their neighbourhoods.
But community facilities are limited.

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Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension – OPERATION PHASE
The proposed development will have a shop and it is envisaged that new residents will use existing shopping and retail amenities in Trumpington and Cambridge.

impact

++


There is likely to be an increase in business for existing shops and retail amenities in Trumpington as well as to a lesser degree, in Barton and Haslingfield and The Eversdens. ~


The proposed form and structure of the proposed development is likely to enhance social capital and cohesion within the development.
The development will also link strongly into the existing bus network and potentially increase the number of potential passengers going to the surrounding villages.
Existing residents living around the development site have been aware of this development and local consultation has shown that they are broadly in favour of it.

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++

Peter Brett Associates

Operation Phase Culture and leisure

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment No development
No change from current trends.
Culture and leisure facilities will continue to be limited in the wards of interest particularly the wards in South Cambridgeshire.

impact ~

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension – OPERATION PHASE
The school is proposed to be dual use with the provision of community facilities within it in addition to the usual primary school requirements. The community facilities include: a floodlit MUGA, floodlit tennis court, grass junior pitch, a separate foyer entrance leading to changing facilities and toilet, an enlarged hall and heightened ceiling for indoor sports, storage space, two community rooms, two offices, and a kitchen.
The development will enhance and create new greenspace to the South of Trumpington that will be highly accessible by both the new residents and existing residents of Trumpington.
There will also be formal play spaces and play equipment at the northern end of the proposed greenspace.
There will be an access route through an exiting rights of way from Grantchester.
Additionally given that a motorway cuts across the proposed greenspace it is less likely that new and existing residents to the north of the motorway will fully access the greenspace south of the motorway. It is envisaged that the main access point will be an existing footbridge across the motorway. There is an existing underpass but there are flood risk concerns that make its use problematic. Alongside this underpass tend to be less used that surface and bridge connections as they tend to be perceived as unsafe and can become a magnet for anti-social activities.
One key issue will be having clearly defined and agreed on responsibilities for the management and maintenance of public green and open spaces as well as streets and neighbourhoods.

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impact

+++

Peter Brett Associates

Operation Phase Lifestyle and daily routines

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment No development
Lifestyles and daily routines are likely to continue as they currently are.

impact ~

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension – OPERATION PHASE
The development will improve what has been a set of business premises with scrub land.
There is unlikely to be any disruption of movement between Trumpington and the surrounding villages due to the increase in car traffic generated by the development.
The new development being at one end of Trumpington and buffered by greenspace from surrounding villages is likely to ensure that the lifestyles and daily routines of existing residents in the area are not disrupted.
The new greenspace and the potential increase in passengers on local bus services to the surrounding villages is likely to ensure that rural bus services are maintained.

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impact

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Peter Brett Associates

Operation Phase Land and spatial

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment No development
There are a range of strategic developments proposed for the Southern Fringe to deal with housing pressures and population growth that are likely to change the urban and rural landscape in and around Trumpington, Barton, Harston and Hauxton, Haslingfield and the Eversdens and The Shelfords and Stapleford.

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Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension – OPERATION PHASE

impact


This is a key strategic site that needs to be developed in a balanced way.

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There is a need for more housing in and around Cambridge and South Cambridgeshire over the next 20 years.
The proposed housing development will have affordable and keyworker housing as well as create a significant amount of new greenspace.
The proposed development can play a significant role in delivering housing that is balanced and sustainable.
There is no loss of greenspace and important farming land is retained. The important elements of the flora and fauna of the area as well as the heritage are preserved and enhanced.
The Waste Audit (Pete Brett Associates, April 2007) identifies how residents will have easy access to the existing recycling facilities at Waitrose and the internal space requirements for homes to comply with the Code for Sustainable Homes and the RECAP Design for Waste guidance.

Doc Ref: J:\15694-000 Trumpington Meadows HIA\HIA report\Trumpington Meadows HIA Report - FINAL.doc

82 Created on 24 April 2007

Peter Brett Associates

Trumpington Meadows Sustainable Urban Extension Health Impact Assessment

Doc Ref: J:\15694-000 Trumpington Meadows HIA\HIA report\Trumpington Meadows HIA Report - FINAL.doc

83 Created on 24 April 2007