Transitioning To Uefi And Ibm

Whitepaper

Life Without DOS Transitioning to UEFI and IMM

Written By: Version: Last Revised:

System x 1.0 03/17/09

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Table of Contents 1 INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................................................3 1.1 WHAT IS CHANGING?.................................................................................................................................................3 1.2 DOCUMENT OVERVIEW..............................................................................................................................................3 1.3 DOCUMENT CONTRIBUTORS........................................................................................................................................5 2 DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS................................................................................................................6 3 SUPPORTED SYSTEMS AND COMPATIBILITY...............................................................................................8 3.1 UEFI AWARE OPERATING SYSTEMS............................................................................................................................8 3.2 IBM UEFI AND IMM BLADES AND SERVERS............................................................................................................8 4 DOS BASED TOOLS OVERVIEW.........................................................................................................................9 4.1 CONFIGURATION........................................................................................................................................................9 4.2 DEPLOYMENT.........................................................................................................................................................11 4.3 UPDATES...............................................................................................................................................................11 4.4 MANAGEMENT........................................................................................................................................................12 5 CONFIGURATION.................................................................................................................................................14 5.1 CONFIGURING BIOS/UEFI SETTINGS......................................................................................................................14 5.2 CONFIGURING BMC/IMM BMC SETTINGS.............................................................................................................18 5.3 CONFIGURING RSA II/IMM SP SETTINGS................................................................................................................20 5.4 CONFIGURING STORAGE SUBSYSTEM..........................................................................................................................22 5.5 CONFIGURING SYSTEM VIA PXE BOOTING.................................................................................................................25 6 DEPLOYMENT.......................................................................................................................................................29 6.1 DEPLOYING AN OS USING SERVERGUIDE SCRIPTING TOOLKITS....................................................................................29 7 UPDATES.................................................................................................................................................................32 7.1 BOOTABLE MEDIA..................................................................................................................................................32 7.2 INDIVIDUAL UPDATES..............................................................................................................................................35 7.3 REMOTE BOOTING..................................................................................................................................................38 8 MANAGEMENT.....................................................................................................................................................40 8.1 BMC AND RSA II................................................................................................................................................40 8.2 IMM...................................................................................................................................................................42

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1 Introduction 1.1 What is changing? The Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) replacing legacy BIOS is System x’s new interface between operating systems and platform firmware. UEFI provides a modern, well defined environment for booting an operating system and running pre-boot applications. Unified Extensible Firmware Interface improvements over legacy BIOS: •Advanced Settings Utility (ASU) will now have more complete coverage of system settings. •On rack mount servers, UEFI Settings can be accessed Out of Band via ASU and the Integrated Management Module (not available on Blades). •Adapter configuration can move into F1 Setup, for example iSCSI Configuration is now in F1 Setup and consolidated in to ASU •Elimination of Beep Codes – All Errors covered by Lightpath •DOS tools are no longer required or officially supported The Integrated Management Module (IMM) service processor provides competitive, standards based systems management enabling upward integration into wide variety of enterprise management environments "out of the box". Integrated Management Module provides RSA II functionality and Remote Presence in addition to the following new functions: • Standard CIM and WS-Man interfaces • OS drivers included in Windows and Linux, no additional device drivers needed • Single firmware image for IMM across the product set • Choice of dedicated or shared Ethernet connections

1.2 Document Overview The main purpose of this document is to introduce our new toolset and help our clients transition away from using DOS based processes. Our new toolset offers a simplified, consolidated set of tools which eliminate the need for DOS-based utilities. The new tools support configuration and updates from Windows, Linux and VMware ESX operating systems, and support deployment using Linux or WinPE preboot environments. The tools can either be used online (under a running OS) or in an offline, bootable environment.

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Diagnostics

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Updates

Dynamic System UpdateXpress Analysis (DSA) System Packs

Bootable Media Creator

Transitioning to UEFI and IMM Whitepaper

Deployment

Configuration

ServerGuide, Scripting Toolkits

ASU, BladeCenter Start Now Asst

Online, runnable

This document identifies the current DOS based tools that IBM has provided for existing Intel Architecture servers, what they are used for, and what tools will be used to replace them. As you read this document, you will see that IBM is not taking this transition lightly and we are providing new tools as well as enhancing existing tools to make sure that everything that could be done previously from DOS can be done on our new systems that no longer support DOS. In addition, you will find that, for many tasks and environments, the transition should be seamless. Hence this document is targeted at customers using such tools, typically for the the following task categories: Updates, Configuration, Deployment and Management. As such this document considers these tasks and customers should use this document to evaluate their processes and decide whether or not they need to plan for and/or make changes. In order to keep the document short and to the point, we purposely do not go into detailed usage of the tools in this document. Instead we have focused on typical usage scenarios and providing sample commands and steps for accomplishing those tasks. Items such as configuring a PXE server, creating a DOS bootable diskette, creating a WinPE environment, installing the tools (if required), etc. are beyond the scope of this document. For documentation of and links for our tools, please visit the ToolsCenter Web site either by clicking this link or using the URL: https://www.ibm.com/systems/support/supportsite.wss/docdisplay?lndocid=TOOLCENTER&brandind=5000016. It is also worth noting that most of the tools we are providing for this transition are backwards compatible meaning that they will function on our previous systems as well as our new systems. This will allow our customers to use the same set of tools regardless of what IBM system they need to manage.

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While the main focus of this document is migrating away from DOS tools, we will also cover additional items such as how managing our new IMM based systems will be different in a good way. For example, with our previous systems, a USB daemon was required to access the RSA II from under the operating system. With our new IMM based systems, the USB and IPMI device drivers are included in the distros.

1.3 Document Contributors • • • • • • • • • •

Carlos Santana Chuck Weber Fabiano Matassa Gregory Pruett Jason Brunson Josh Blumert Khalid Ansari Mike Nolterieke Rick Luciano Saleem Akhtar

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2 Definitions and Abbreviations Name and Abbreviation

Definition

AMM (Advanced Management Module)

Follow-on product and replacement for Management Module, or MM1, in a Blade Chassis

ASU (Advanced Settings Utility)

Utility used to configure BIOS, BMC, and RSA II settings

BIOS (Basic Input/Output System)

The low level I/O interface that supports the system during system initialization and startup and provides access to I/O devices

BMC (Baseboard Management Controller)

A hardware device in a system that provides hardware management both in-band and out-of-band

ITBoMC (IBM ToolsCenter Bootable Media Creator)

Utility used to create bootable media that contains IBM tools

CIM (Common Information Model)

An open standard that defines how managed elements are represented as a common set of objects

CLI (Command Line Interface)

A text-only interface that requires keyboard inputs

cKVM (Concurrent Keyboard, Video, Mouse)

Adapter or functionality that provides concurrent access to remote Keyboard, Video, and Mouse

DOS (Disk Operating System)

Single-user, single-task operating system

DSA (Dynamic System Analysis)

IBM’s diagnostic and information gathering tool

IMM (Integrated Management Module)

The next generation of BMC that integrates BMC and RSA II functionality on the same chip

In-Band

The path of execution on system processor running a functional operating system

OS (Operating System) or NOS (Network Operating System)

Software that runs on a system that serves as the interface between the hardware and applications providing access to hardware resources such as the CPU, Memory, and I/O Devices

Out-of-Band (OOB)

The path of server execution running asynchronously to the system processor and functional operating system

PXE (Preboot Execution Environment)

An industry standard environment that supports booting the system over the network for the purposes of maintenance and/or system deployment

RDM (Remote Deployment

An IBM Director plug-in used to deploy remote systems

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Manager) RSA II (Remote Supervisor Adapter)

The second generation option card for servers that provide advanced remote management such as remote presence and virtual media functionality

SAN (Storage Area Network)

Architecture to attach remote computer storage devices to servers

SGTK (ServerGuide Scripting Toolkit)

A collection of tools used to configure and deploy servers

SLP (Service Location Protocol)

A service discovery protocol that allows computers and other devices to find services in a local area network without prior configuration

SP (Service Processor)

An embedded processor for advanced functions above those provided by the BMC such as a Web interface, remote KVM, and virtual media

TPMfOSD (Tivoli Provisioning Manager for OS Deployment)

RDM follow-on

UEFI (Universal Extensible Firmware Interface)

A specification that defines a software interface between an operating system and platform firmware

UX (UpdateXpress)

A physical DOS based CD used to update firmware and device drivers

UXSP (UpdateXpress System Packs)

A bundle of Firmware and Device Driver updates packaged together per system type and per operating system version that are known to all work together

UXSPI (UpdateXpress System Pack Installer)

The tool used to acquire and install UXSPs

WinPE (Windows Preinstallation Environment)

A lightweight version of Windows XP, Windows Server 2003 or Windows Vista that is used for the deployment of workstations and servers

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3 Supported Systems and Compatibility 3.1 UEFI Aware Operating Systems Not all operating systems are UEFI aware, meaning they do not have support for UEFI and therefore cannot take advantage of UEFI interfaces such as runtime services.

3.1.1 Windows At the writing of this document, Windows 2008 x64 is the only released operating system that is UEFI aware.

3.1.2 Linux At the writing of this document, there are no released Linux operating systems that are UEFI aware. RedHat and SUSE UEFI aware operating systems are expected later in 2009.

3.2 IBM UEFI and IMM Blades and Servers IBM will start releasing Blades and Servers in early 2009 that have UEFI and IMM. Below is the list of these systems as of the writing of this document, however, this document applies to any other systems that IBM releases in the future that have UEFI and IMM.  HS22 7870 Blade Server The new HS22 combines unprecedented x86 performance, pay as you grow scalability, and enhanced mission-critical availability to deliver the industry’s leading 64-bit solution from enterprise workloads, web serving, to server virtualization, all in a 30mm design.  x3650 M2 7947 2U Rack Mount Server The IBM x3650 M2 server is a superior 2U, 2P business critical application server delivering exceptional power-optimized performance, leadership virtualization and a “no compromise” feature list for commercial and virtualized workloads.  x3550 M2 7946 1U Rack Mount Server The IBM x3550 M2 server is an exceptional 1U rack dense, dual socket business critical application server delivering power-optimized performance and balanced functionality for mid-tier and LE commercial and virtualized workloads.

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4 DOS Based Tools Overview This section gives an overview of our current DOS based tools, the function they perform, the supported Operating Systems for the tool, and whether or not the tool will work on the new UEFI/IMM based systems. Note that some DOS based tools specific to older systems are not included. The actual usage of the tools and their replacements are described in the remaining sections. Note that not all the tools described in this section are used in the remaining sections. They are listed here only for completeness.

4.1 Configuration 4.1.1 ACU/ACUSAS/ACUICHSV/ACUACHI/RAIDSEL Description: Configures ServeRAID controllers Supported OS’: DOS only Works on UEFI/IMM Systems: N/A – controller not used on newer systems Replacement Tool(s): ServerGuide Scripting Toolkit, WinPE and Linux editions (contain pRAID which packages all individual RAID configuration tools, including ARCCONF, HRCONF)

4.1.2 ASU (Advanced Settings Utility) Description: Configures BIOS, BMC, and RSA II settings Supported OS’: DOS (BIOS only), Windows, Linux Works on UEFI/IMM Systems: Yes – non-DOS versions Replacement Tool(s): ServerGuide Scripting Toolkit includes the new ASU 3.0.0, (which is supported on Windows, WinPE, Linux, and VMware ESX)

4.1.3 BMC_CFG Description: Configures BMC settings, providing raw access to IPMI commands Supported OS’: DOS only Works on UEFI/IMM Systems: No Replacement Tool(s): ServerGuide ServerGuide Scripting Toolkit, WinPE and Linux editions (contain ASU 3.0.0), Open Source ipmitool (included in Linux distributions)

4.1.4 CFG1030 Description: Configures LSI SCSI controllers Supported OS’: DOS, Windows, Linux Works on UEFI/IMM Systems: N/A – controller not used on newer systems Replacement Tool(s): N/A – controller not used on newer systems

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4.1.5 CFGGEN Description: Configures IBM and LSI Integrated controllers Supported OS’: DOS, Windows, Linux Works on UEFI/IMM Systems: Yes – non-DOS versions Replacement Tool(s): ServerGuide Scripting Toolkit, WinPE and Linux editions (contain pRAID which packages all individual RAID configuration tools, including CFGGEN)

4.1.6 CMOSUTIL Description: Saves and restores the entire BIOS configuration Supported OS’: DOS Works on UEFI/IMM Systems: No Replacement Tool(s): ServerGuide Scripting Toolkit, WinPE and Linux editions (contain ASU 3.0.0)

4.1.7 DOSLPCFG Description: Configures Emulex adapters Supported OS’: DOS Works on UEFI/IMM Systems: Yes – non-DOS versions Replacement Tool(s): WINLPCFG for Windows, LINLPCFG for Linux

4.1.8 FASUTIL Description: Configures QLogic adapters Supported OS’: DOS Works on UEFI/IMM Systems: No Replacement Tool(s): sCLI – Also included in ServerGuide Scripting Toolkit, WinPE and Linux editions

4.1.9 IPSSEND Description: Configures ServeRAID controllers prior to version 8 (ServeRAID 6m, 7k, etc.) Supported OS’: DOS, Windows, Linux Works on UEFI/IMM Systems: N/A – controller not used on newer systems Replacement Tool(s): ServerGuide Scripting Toolkit, WinPE and Linux editions (contain pRAID which packages all individual RAID configuration tools, including ipssend)

4.1.10MegaCLI

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Description: Configures SAS/SATA LSI MegaRAID controllers (ServeRAID 10) Supported OS’: DOS, Windows, Linux Works on UEFI/IMM Systems: Yes – non-DOS versions Replacement Tool(s): ServerGuide Scripting Toolkit, WinPE and Linux editions (contain pRAID which packages all individual RAID configuration tools, including MegaCLI)

4.2 Deployment 4.2.1 Altiris DS Description: Altiris Deployment Solution is a 3rd party product for remotely deploying systems via PXE Supported Preboot Environments: DOS, WinPE, Linux Works on UEFI/IMM Systems: Yes – via ServerGuide WinPE and Linux Scripting Toolkits Replacement Tool(s): Altiris DS 6.9 with ServerGuide Scripting Toolkit (WinPE and Linux Editions) preboot environments.

4.2.2 Remote Deployment Manager Description: IBM Director plug-in for remotely deploying operating systems via PXE. RDM can also be used for configuration tasks. Supported Preboot Environments: DOS Works on UEFI/IMM Systems: No, product is end-of-life, support will not be extended to these new systems. Replacement Tool(s): Tivoli Provisioning Manager for OS Deployment (TPMfOSD), ServerGuide Scripting Toolkits for WinPE, Linux, SGTK integration with Altiris DS, Microsoft SCCM OS Deployment (OSD) Pack

4.2.3 ServerGuide Scripting Toolkit for DOS (SGTK) Description: Collection of DOS based tools and sample scripts to deploy systems. SGTK can also be used for configuration tasks. Selected WinPE and Linux utilities were also included. Supported Preboot Environments: DOS only in general (selected WinPE & Linux utilities included) Works on UEFI/IMM Systems: No Replacement Tool(s): ServerGuide Scripting Toolkit, WinPE and Linux editions

4.3 Updates

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4.3.1 DOS Based Diskette Images Description: Individual diskette and ISO images used to flash firmware such as BIOS, BMC, and Diagnostics Supported OS’: DOS Only Supported on UEFI/IMM Systems: No Replacement Tool(s): UpdateXpress System Packs (UXSPs), individual on-line update packages, bootable media created by ITBoMC

4.3.2 DOSLPCFG Description: Updates Emulex adapters Supported OS’: DOS Works on UEFI/IMM Systems: Yes – non-DOS versions Replacement Tool(s): UpdateXpress System Packs (UXSPs), individual on-line update packages, bootable media created by BoMC

4.3.3 MegaCLI Description: Flashes firmware of IBM and LSI MegaRAID controllers Supported OS’: DOS, Windows, Linux Works on UEFI/IMM Systems: Yes – non-DOS versions Replacement Tool(s): UpdateXpress System Packs (UXSPs), individual on-line update packages, bootable media created by BoMC

4.3.4 SASFlash Description: Flashes firmware of IBM and LSI Integrated SAS controllers Supported OS’: DOS, Windows, Linux Supported on UEFI/IMM Systems: Yes – non-DOS versions Replacement Tool(s): UpdateXpress System Packs (UXSPs), individual on-line update packages, bootable media created by BoMC

4.3.5 UpdateXpress CD Description: Bootable DOS based CD that updates all of the firmware in the systems Supported OS’: DOS Only Supported on UEFI/IMM Systems: No, product is end-of-life. Support will not be extended to these new systems. Replacement Tool(s): Bootable media created by UXSPI or ITBoMC

4.4 Management

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4.4.1 PC Doctor Description: Bootable DOS based CD that runs system diagnostics Supported OS’: DOS Only Supported on UEFI/IMM Systems: No Replacement Tool(s): Preboot Dynamic Systems Analysis (pDSA), embedded in firmware on new systems and bootable via pressing F2 during POST; online DSA, bootable media created by ITBoMC.

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5 Configuration In this section we describe and walk through some typical scenarios used to configure the system in preparation for operating system deployment. We will cover how those tasks are commonly performed today with DOS based tools and how the same tasks will be performed on our new UEFI/IMM based systems.

5.1 Configuring BIOS/UEFI Settings 5.1.1 DOS Methods (Replaced by ServerGuide Scripting Toolkit, WinPE and Linux Editions) 5.1.1.1 DOS ASU IBM provided a DOS version of ASU to configure systems with legacy BIOS. To accomplish this, you would create a bootable diskette that contains PC-DOS 7.0 and the DOS version of ASU. You would then boot that diskette on the system and run ASU commands individually or create a batch file that runs several commands in succession. Below are sample ASU commands used for some of the most common configuration tasks. Device Configuration Commands: • asu set CMOS_NumLock “Off” • asu set CMOS_FloppyRequired “Enabled” • asu set CMOS_DisketteController “Enabled” Error Handling Configuration: • asu set CMOS_StopOnError “Enabled” • asu set CMOS_PostBootFailRequired “Enabled” SOL (Serial Over LAN) Configuration: • asu set CMOS_SerialB “Auto-configuration” • asu set CMOS_SerialA “Auto-configuration” • asu set CMOS_RemoteConsoleEnable “Enabled” • asu set CMOS_RemoteConsoleComPort “COM 1” • asu set CMOS_RemoteConsoleBaud “19200” • asu set CMOS_RemoteConsoleDataBits “8” • asu set CMOS_RemoteConsoleParity “None” • asu set CMOS_RemoteConsoleStopBits “1” • asu set CMOS_RemoteConsoleEmulation “ANSI” • asu set CMOS_RemoteConsoleKybdEmul “ANSI”

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asu set CMOS_RemoteConsoleBootEnable “enabled” asu set CMOS_RemoteConsoleFlowCtrl “Hardware” asu set CMOS_BMCSerialConfig “Dedicated” asu set CMOS_BMCSerialShareConfig “Enabled”

Boot Sequence Configuration: • asu set CMOS_PrimaryBootDevice1 “Diskette Drive 0” • asu set CMOS_PrimaryBootDevice2 “CD Rom” • asu set CMOS_PrimaryBootDevice3 “Hard Disk 0” • asu set CMOS_PrimaryBootDevice4 “Network” Configuring Booting From SAN: • asu set CMOS_ENET_PXE_ENABLE “Planar Ethernet 1” • asu set CMOS_AlternateBootDevice1 “Network” • asu set CMOS_AlternateBootDevice2 “Hard Disk 0” • asu set CMOS_AlternateBootDevice3 “CD ROM” • asu set CMOS_AlternateBootDevice4 “Diskette Drive 0” • asu set CMOS_PCIBootPriority “Daughter Card Slot 1” 5.1.1.2 CMOSUTIL IBM provided a DOS utility called CMOSUTIL on every BIOS flash diskette. This utility was used to save, restore, or clone the entire BIOS configuration on systems of the same type. To use this utility, you would create a bootable diskette that contains PC-DOS 7.0 and the CMOSUTIL utility. You would then boot that diskette on the system and run one of the following commands. Saving the BIOS Configuration: • cmosutil /s {filename} Restoring the BIOS Configuration: • cmosutil /r {filename}

5.1.2 New Method 5.1.2.1 ASU 3.0.0 ASU 3.0.0 has versions which run under other operating systems such as WinPE, Windows, RedHat, SuSE, and VMware ESX Service Console that are used to perform the same tasks as described above in sections 5.1.1.1 and 5.1.1.2. On UEFI based systems, however, you will need ASU version 3.00 or higher.

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On our previous systems, the BIOS configuration was stored directly on the CMOS chip. ASU would access a definition file that was embedded in the BIOS that contained the CMOS map for the system and that specific version of BIOS. ASU would use that definition file to determine which bits in CMOS to either read or write based on what the user wanted to do. Because of this, ASU could only be used on the local system. Additionally because space was very limited only a small subset of the settings was in the definition file. On our new UEFI/IMM systems, almost all of the UEFI settings are stored on the IMM file system. This means that ASU does not need to access UEFI. It only needs to access the IMM in order to view or modify both UEFI and IMM settings. Since the IMM is a network device, ASU can now also be used remotely as well as locally to view or modify the UEFI settings. Device Configuration Commands Using ASU Locally: • asu set uEFI.TurboModeEnable “Enable” • asu set uEFI.RebootOnNMI “Enable” Device Configuration Commands Using ASU Remotely: Note that the password contains a zero not a capital O • asu set uEFI.TurboModeEnable “Enable” --host 192.168.72.125 --user USERID --password PASSW0RD • asu set uEFI.RebootOnNMI “Enable” --host 192.168.72.125 --user USERID --password PASSW0RD SOL (Serial Over LAN) and SP Redirection Configuration: Notes: SP Redirection is not available on Blades The legacy options ROMs can only be displayed over one COM port. The LegacyOptionRomPort option is used to specify which COM port is used. • asu set uEFI.SerialCOMPort1 “Enable” • asu set uEFI.SerialCOMPort2 “Enable” • asu set uEFI.RemoteConsoleRedirection “Enable” • asu set uEFI.SerialPortSharing “Enable” • asu set uEFI.SerialPortAccessMode “Dedicated” • asu set uEFI.SPRedirection “Enable” • asu set uEFI.LegacyOptionRomPort “COM Port 1” • asu set uEFI.Com1BaudRate “115200” • asu set uEFI.Com1DataBits “8” • asu set uEFI.Com1Parity “None” • asu set uEFI.Com1StopBits “1”

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asu set uEFI.Com1TextEmul “VT100” asu set uEFI.Com1ActiveAfterBoot “Enable” asu set uEFI.Com1FlowControl “Hardware” asu set uEFI.Com2BaudRate “115200” asu set uEFI.Com2DataBits “8” asu set uEFI.Com2Parity “None” asu set uEFI.Com2StopBits “1” asu set uEFI.Com2TextEmul “VT100” asu set uEFI.Com2ActiveAfterBoot “Enable” asu set uEFI.Com2FlowControl “Hardware”

Boot Sequence Configuration: • asu set BootOrder.BootOrder "Floppy Disk=CD/DVD ROM=Hard Disk 0=PXE Network" Configuring Booting From SAN: • asu set uEFI.EnableLegacyPxe “Enable” • asu set BootOrder.WolBootOrder "PXE Network=Floppy Disk=CD/DVD ROM=Hard Disk 0" ASU also has the ability to save, restore, and replicate the UEFI settings providing functionality similar to the DOS cmosutil: Saving the UEFI Configuration: • asu save UEFISettings.asu –group uEFI Saving the Entire Configuration: • asu save ALLSettings.asu Restoring the UEFI Configuration to the Same System it was Saved from: • asu restore UEFISettings.asu Replicating the UEFI Configuration to Multiple Systems: • asu replicate UEFISettings.asu

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5.2 Configuring BMC/IMM BMC Settings 5.2.1 DOS Method (Replaced by ASU and IPMITool) 5.2.1.1 BMC_CFG ASU does not provide support for configuring the BMC under DOS. The only method IBM provides for configuring the BMC in a DOS environment is using the utility called BMC_CFG that is provided on every BMC flash diskette. This is not a very user friendly utility as it requires using IPMI commands in hex format so we do not encourage customers to use it. The instructions for using it are included here only for completeness. To use this utility, you would create a bootable diskette that contains PC-DOS 7.0, the BMC_CFG utility, and a text file that has the commands to pass to the utility. Creating the Text File: To create this file, you would open your favorite text editor, add the following lines, and then save it as something like BMC_CFG.DAT. Note that the # character signifies a comment. Lines that start with the # character as well as blank lines are not processed by the utility. # Enable Serial Port Sharing 0c 10 20 00 04 02 08 06 0a # Set BMC Serial Port to Dedicated Mode 0c 12 20 00 02 02 04 # Set BMC Serial Port to Terminal Mode 0c 10 20 00 03 02 03 84 # Disable Serial Keep Alive Messages 0c 10 20 00 04 02 08 06 08 # Set BMC IP address to 10.1.1.10 0c 01 20 00 06 01 03 0a 01 01 0a # Set BMC Submask to 255.255.255.0 0c 01 20 00 06 01 06 ff ff ff 00 # Set BMC Default Gateway to 10.1.1.1 0c 01 20 00 06 01 0c 0a 01 01 01

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Changing the Configuration: After you have created the text file as described above, you would pass that text file to the utility to change the configuration using the following command. bmc_cfg –f BMC_CFG.DAT –c -noreport

5.2.2 New Method 5.2.2.1 ServerGuide Scripting Toolkit -- ASU IBM’s recommended method for configuring the BMC settings is to use the ASU 3.0.0 tool included in the ServerGuide Scripting Toolkit, WinPE and Linux Editions. ASU provides access to most of the IMM settings, including the IPMI-specific settings. Note that the SOL (Serial Over LAN) settings are configurable via ASU -- those settings are marked as UEFI settings and are included in the steps for configuring SOL in section 5.1.2.1. On IMM systems, ASU accesses all settings using the IMM. To access the IMM, ASU either requires an IPMI driver or a LAN-over-USB driver. When using the IPMI driver, ASU can access settings in-band without requiring a userid/password be specified. If accessing IMM settings remotely or without an IPMI driver, ASU requires that an valid IMM userid and password be specified on the command line. ASU is compatible with the following device drivers: Operating System IPMI drivers: Windows Server 2000/2003 Windows Server 2003 R2 Windows Server 2008 RHEL3,4,5, SLES9,10,11 VMware ESX 3.02, 3.5, 4.0 LAN-over-USB drivers: Windows 2000/2003/2008 RHEL4,5, SLES9,10,11 VMware ESX 3.5u4, 4.0

Driver

Included in OS?

OSA IPMI Microsoft IPMI Microsoft IPMI OpenIPMI OpenIPMI

No, available from IBM Yes (must be installed) Yes (installed by default) Yes Yes

rndis usbnet / cdc-ether CDCEther / cdcether

(see details in 8.2.1) Yes Yes Yes

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5.2.2.2 IPMITool The open source IPMITool utility can be used on any IBM IPMI based system including our new systems with IMM. There are versions of this utility that run under both Windows and Linux environments in local and remote fashions that can be used to view or modify all of the IPMI 2.0 settings and initiate SoL sessions. IPMITool provides full access to any of the capabilities that were previously available thru bmc_cfg.. We will not go into detail on the usage of IPMITool in this document. For additional information, visit the SourceForge IPMITool web site. In order to use IPMITool locally (in-band) you must have an IPMI driver such as OpenIPMI installed and functioning. As you will in the following sections, this is not required when using ASU.

5.3 Configuring RSA II/IMM SP Settings 5.3.1 DOS Method IBM does not provide any utilities to configure the RSA II in a DOS environment. This is because the RSA II is a USB device and there are no generally available USB drivers for DOS.

5.3.2 New Method 5.3.2.1 Non-DOS ASU As previously stated, ASU also has versions of the tool that run under other operating systems such as WinPE, Windows, RedHat, SuSE, and VMware ESX. You will be able to use these versions to configure the SP portion of the IMM, however, you will need ASU version 3.00 or higher. To access settings in the IMM, ASU requires either an IPMI driver or a LAN-over-USB driver be installed, as described above. For backward compatibility, ASU 3.0.0 also supports configuring settings on IBM RSA II. To view or modify the RSA II settings locally (in-band), the IBM RSA Server Software daemon is required to be installed first.. All of the IMM settings are stored on the IMM file system and are directly accessible by ASU. This means that most of the settings supported by the IMM Web interface are also supported by ASU. Since the IMM is a network device, ASU can now also be used remotely as well as locally to view or modify the IMM settings. As discussed in section 8, the IMM supports a new LAN over USB interface for local in-band access. ASU uses this interface by default to access the IMM locally and therefore does not require any additional device drivers or daemons to be installed. Refer to section 8.2.1 for details on

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configuring the LAN over USB interface under Windows and Linux. However, if you would rather not configure the LAN over USB channel and use IPMI instead, ASU supports that as well if you will have to have the IPMI drivers already installed. Below are examples for configuring some of the IMM settings. Note that viewing or modifying IMM settings via ASU is not currently supported on IBM Blade servers. IMM Information Configuration Using ASU Locally: • asu set IMM.IMMInfo_Name “My iBMC” • asu set IMM.IMMInfo_Contact “My name” • asu set IMM.IMMInfo_Location “My location” IMM Information Configuration Using ASU Remotely: Note that the password contains a zero not a capital O • asu set IMM.IMMInfo_Name “My iBMC” --host 192.168.72.125 --user USERID --password PASSW0RD • asu set IMM.IMMInfo_Contact “My name” --host 192.168.72.125 -user USERID --password PASSW0RD • asu set IMM.IMMInfo_Location “My location” --host 192.168.72.125 -user USERID --password PASSW0RD Configuring the IMM for SP Serial Redirection: • asu set IMM. SerialRedirectionCLIMode1 “CLI with user defined keystroke sequences” • asu set IMM. SerialExitCLIKeySequence “^[Q” • asu set IMM. SerialBaudRate “115200” ASU also has the ability to save, restore, and replicate the IMM settings as follows: Saving the IMM Configuration: • asu save IMMSettings.asu IMM Restoring the IMM Configuration to the Same System it was Saved from: • asu restore IMMSettings.asu Replicating the IMM Configuration to Multiple Systems: • asu replicate IMMSettings.asu

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5.4 Configuring Storage Subsystem 5.4.1 DOS Method (Replaced by ServerGuide Scripting Toolkit) The recommended method for configuring the storage subsystems is to use the ServerGuide Scripting Toolkit. There are DOS, Windows, and Linux versions of the Toolkit available. All of these versions come with a tool called PRAID which is a policy based RAID configuration utility. This utility automatically detects which storage subsystem is present in the system and based on the policies that are available, automatically configures the subsystem. Additional information on the ServerGuide Scripting Toolkit and the PRAID utility can be found via the ServerGuide Scripting Toolkit matrix: https://www304.ibm.com/systems/support/supportsite.wss/docdisplay?lndocid=SERVTOOLKIT&brandind=5000008 We also provide individual command line utilities and other tools for configuring the storage subsystem as dicussed in the following sections. 5.4.1.1 DOS CFGGEN The individual utility provided to configure the integrated RAID controller, also known as IR, is named CFGGEN. Below are some examples for configuring the IR controller., Create a new mirrored logical drive of 52 GB on channel 0 and SCSI ID 1 and on channel 0 and SCSI ID2 on controller 1, using quick synchronization • cfggen 1 create logicaldrive NEWARRAY 52071 1 0 1 0 2 qsync Creates a logical drive on controller 1, using all available space on the drive, sets RAID1 for channel 0 and SCSI ID 1; then, sets the state to hot spare • cfggen 1 create logicaldrive NEWARRAY MAX 1 0 1 cfggen setstate 1 0 1 HSP 5.4.1.2 DOS MegaCLI The individual utility provided to configure the optional MegaRAID adapters, also known as MR, is named MegaCLI. This is a very powerful utility that has many options. In order to keep this document as brief as possible, we will only show examples of a couple simple commands. Refer to the ServerRAID-MR Software guide for more information.. Display the Properties of all Adapters in the System • MegaCli -AdpAllinfo -aALL

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Enable Automatic Rebuild on all of the Adapters in the System • MegaCli –AdpAutoRbld –Enbl -aALL

5.4.2 New Method As previously mentioned, the recommended method for configuring the storage subsystems is to use the ServerGuide Scripting Toolkit. There are Windows and Linux versions of the Toolkit available. Both of these versions come with a tool called PRAID which is a policy based RAID configuration utility. This utility automatically detects which storage subsystem is present in the system and based on the policies that are available, automatically configures the subsystem. Additional information on the ServerGuide Scripting Toolkit and the PRAID utility can be found via the ServerGuide Scripting Toolkit matrix: https://www304.ibm.com/systems/support/supportsite.wss/docdisplay?lndocid=SERVTOOLKIT&brandind=5000008 ServerGuide Scripting Toolkit provides all of the individual command line utilities and other tools for configuring the storage subsystem as dicussed in the following sections. 5.4.2.1 Non-DOS CFGGEN CFGGEN already has versions of the tool that run under other operating systems such as Windows and Linux. The steps for using CFGGEN under these OS’ are the same as those used in section 5.4.1.1. 5.4.2.2 Non-DOS MegaCLI MegaCLI already has versions of the tool that run under other operating systems such as Windows and Linux. The steps for using MegaCLI under these OS’ are the same as those used in section 5.4.1.2. 5.4.2.3 WinPE ServerGuide Scripting Toolkit For more information and the setup steps required to enable the scenarios below, see the Standalone User’s Reference (ibm_sw_sgtkw_2_1_01_anyos_anycpu.pdf) and the Altiris Deployment Solution User’s reference (ibm_sw_sgtkw_2_1_01_anyos_anycpu_altiris.pdf). Links to these documents can be found on the Scripting Toolkit’s main page: https://www304.ibm.com/systems/support/supportsite.wss/docdisplay?lndocid= MIGR-5073727&brandind=5000008

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Standalone: 1. Change directory to \sgshare\sgdeploy\SGTKWinPE 2. Run the following command from a command prompt: 3. SGTKWinPE.cmd ScenarioINIs\Local\Raid_config_Only.ini This command creates an ISO image WinPE_x86.iso in ..\WinPE_ScenatioOutput\Local_Raid_Config_Only\ 4. Burn the CD from iso image and then boot the target server with this CD and follow the on line instruction to complete the task Altiris Raid Configuration: 1. Navigate to IBM Scripting Toolkit, Windows Edition 2.1 -> Modular Deployment Tools -> Step 1 – Preinstallation Hardware Configuration -> RAID Configuration folder 2. Run the appropriate Job against the target system to create the RAID configuration Altiris Raid Replication: 1. Navigate to IBM Scripting Toolkit, Windows Edition 2.1 -> Modular Deployment Tools -> Step 1 – Preinstallation Hardware Configuration -> RAID Replication folder 2. Run the Capture RAID configuration job against the target system to capture and existing RAID configuration 3. The job will create RAID configuration file ‘RAID_Configuration.ini’. 4. Navigate to IBM Scripting Toolkit, Windows Edition 2.1 -> Modular Deployment Tools -> Step 1 – Preinstallation Hardware Configuration -> RAID Replication folder 5. Run the deploy RAID configuration job against the target system. This job will use the same configuration file as in step 3 5.4.2.4 Linux ServerGuide Scripting Toolkit For more information and the setup steps required to enable the scenarios below, see the Standalone User’s Reference (ibm_utl_sgtklnx_1.00_anyos_anycpu.pdf) and the Altiris Deployment Solution User’s reference (ibm_utl_sgtklnx_1.00_anyos_anycpu_altiris.pdf). Links to these documents can be found on the Scripting Toolkit’s main page: https://www304.ibm.com/systems/support/supportsite.wss/docdisplay?lndocid= MIGR-5073727&brandind=5000008

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Standalone: Launch the Linux Toolkit Console by running sgtklinux.sh Define a workflow that includes the RAID Task Create the Boot Media type ISO, USB Key, or PXE Boot the media on the server and the workflow will run automatically.

Altiris Raid Configuration: 1. Navigate to IBM Scripting Toolkit, Linux Edition 1.00 -> Modular Deployment Tools -> Step 1 – Preinstallation Hardware Configuration -> RAID Configuration folder 2. Run the appropriate Job against the target system to create the RAID configuration Altiris Raid Replication: 1. Navigate to IBM Scripting Toolkit, Linux Edition 1.00 -> Modular Deployment Tools -> Step 1 – Preinstallation Hardware Configuration -> RAID Replication folder 2. Run the Capture RAID configuration job against the target system to capture and existing RAID configuration 3. The job will create RAID configuration file ‘raid_capture.ini’. 4. Navigate to IBM Scripting Toolkit, Linux Edition 1.00 -> Modular Deployment Tools -> Step 1 – Preinstallation Hardware Configuration -> RAID Replication folder 5. Run the deploy RAID configuration job against the target system. This job will use the same configuration file as in step 3

5.5 Configuring System via PXE Booting 5.5.1 DOS Method 5.5.1.1 DOS Based HDD Image There are a number of methods that can be used to create a bootable DOS HDD image: 1. Use DOS HDD image from xCAT 1.2 2. Install DOS to HDD image via virtual machine software (VMware, Virtualbox, Xen, KVM, etc. 3. Create DOS bootable USB key and copy key as image. 4. Reference IBM techdocs for creating DOS bootable image “Updating System Firmware using the PXE boot Method of Remote Deployment”. This document describes how to create a DOS bootable disk image and can be found at the following link: http://www-03.ibm.com/support/techdocs/atsmastr.nsf/Web/Techdocs

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Once an image is created, the DOS based configuration utilities referenced in previous sections can be added to the image (copy to root of image) and scripted via DOS batch files. These scripts can be auto run via the autoexec.bat file. You can create a script file for each configuration utility and then create a master configuration script to execute each. Use autoexec.bat to call the master script. For example create a script raid.bat to configure the arrays, and cmos.bat to set BIOS settings Sample RAID configuration script: NOTE: You must copy the DOS version of CFGGEN to the HDD image. ECHO configure raid set CALL CFGGEN 0 delete CALL CFGGEN 0 CREATE IM MAX 1 4 noprompt Sample BIOS Settings script: NOTE: You must copy the DOS version of ASU to the HDD image. ECHO enable serial console: ECHO configure Serial ports CALL asu set CMOS_SerialB “Auto-configure” CALL asu set CMOS_SerialA “Auto-configure” ECHO configure text console CALL asu set CMOS_RemoteConsoleEnable “Enabled” CALL asu set CMOS_RemoteConsoleComPort “COM 2” CALL asu set CMOS_RemoteConsoleBaud “19200” CALL asu set CMOS_RemoteConsoleDataBits “8” CALL asu set CMOS_RemoteConsoleParity “None” CALL asu set CMOS_RemoteConsoleStopBits “1” CALL asu set CMOS_RemoteConsoleEmulation “ANSI” CALL asu set CMOS_RemoteConsoleKybdEmul “ANSI” CALL asu set CMOS_RemoteConsoleBootEnable “Enabled” CALL asu set CMOS_RemoteConsoleFlowCtrl “Hardware” Sample autoexec.bat: ECHO Configure system settings CALL RAID.BAT CALL CMOS.BAT

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5.5.2 New Method 5.5.2.1 Bootable Media Creator Image There are multiple ways to create a bootable media environment that can be delivered via PXE (network boot). 1. The IBM ToolsCenter Bootable Media Creator will create a bootable which can be delivered via PXE 2. The SystemRescueCD project: http://www.sysresccd.org can be use to create a bootable environment as well. It uses a very recent version of 2.6 linux kernel, which most system can boot and contains most of the drivers and utilities needed. 3. Boot the RedHat and SuSE installers contain a rescue environment that can be PXE booted and used for system configuration. In each of these methods a Linux kernel image (vmlinuz) and corresponding initial ramdisk image (initrd) are booted via PXE. The initrd will need to contain the necessary drivers and utilities for system configuration. This will usually include the drivers for the RAID controller and the matching Linux command line utility: AACRAID.KO and ARCCONF MEGARAID_SAS and MegaCLI The Bootable Media Creator and UpdateXpress Installer both will download a zip’ed image that contains the bootable Linux environment. There is a startup.sh script that can be edited to contain the necessary scripts to configure the server. Also both tools create a working directory that the tools are copied from, so the necessary tools can be copied to this working directory. A modified copy of the startup.sh should also be placed in this directory. Any files in this working directory will be part of the bootable image.

5.5.3 PXE Booting Hard Drive Images From a Linux System: 1. Install syslinux 2. Install TFTP and DHCP servers 3. Create static reservations for each server or a dynamic range in /etc/dhcpd.conf 4. Setup /TFTPBOOT directory copy pxelinux.0 and memdisk to /tftpboot create /tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg subdirectory 5. Copy DOS image to /tftpboot (i.e. hd.img) 6. Create pxeboot file “default” in /tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg:

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Default PXE file contents: DEFAULT dos LABEL dos KERNEL memdisk APPEND initrd=hd.img Note: If “default” is used for the filename, any server that PXE boots will get this file. The default file can be set to boot the local hard drive. Server specific files can be also used. These files can be named via the MAC address of the server or the HEX encoded IP address the server is using.

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6 Deployment In this section we describe and walk through some typical scenarios used to deploy the operating system. We will cover how those tasks are commonly performed today with DOS based tools and how the same tasks will be performed on our new UEFI/IMM based systems.

6.1 Deploying an OS Using ServerGuide Scripting Toolkits 6.1.1 DOS Method 6.1.1.1 DOS ServerGuide Scripting Toolkit The User’s reference is ibm_sw_sgtk_1_3_07_anyos_anycpu.pdf which can be found on the Scripting Toolkit for DOS main page: https://www304.ibm.com/systems/support/supportsite.wss/docdisplay?lndocid=MIGR53564&brandind=5000008 See the “Using a DOS-startable CD-ROM or DOS-startable diskette and data CD-ROM” and “Using a DOS-startable diskette and network share” sections in “Chapter 5, Deploying Microsoft windows operating systems” for examples of deployment scenarios similar to the ones below for the WinPE Toolkit.

6.1.2 New Methods 6.1.2.1 Linux ServerGuide Scripting Toolkit For more information and the setup steps required to enable the scenarios below, see the Standalone User’s Reference (ibm_utl_sgtklnx_1.00_anyos_anycpu.pdf) and the Altiris Deployment Solution User’s reference (ibm_utl_sgtklnx_1.00_anyos_anycpu_altiris.pdf). Links to these documents can be found on the Scripting Toolkit’s main page: https://www304.ibm.com/systems/support/supportsite.wss/docdisplay?lndocid=MIGR5073727&brandind=5000008 Standalone: 1. Launch the Linux Toolkit Console by running sgtklinux.sh 2. Acquire UXSP for Systems and OS to be deploy 3. Create OS Task 4. Define a workflow that includes the OS Task 5. Create the Boot Media type ISO, USB Key, or PXE

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6. Boot the media on the server and the workflow will run automatically. Altiris: Cloning Installation: 1. Navigate to IBM ServerGuide Toolkit, Linux Edition 1.00 -> Modular Deployment Tools -> Step 2 –Operating System Installation -> Operating System Imaging folder 2. Open the Capture Linux Image Job 3. Select Create Disk Image and click Modify 4. Change the file name and path for the captured image and click Finish 5. Run the Capture Linux Image against the donor system 6. Open the Deploy Linux Image job 7. Select the Distribute Disk Image task and click Modify 8. Change the path and filename to match as in step 4 and click Finish 9. Run the Deploy Linux Image job against the target server Scripted Installation: 1. Navigate to IBM Scripting Toolkit, Linux Edition 1.00, Modular Deployment Tools -> Step 2 – Operating System Installation -> Scripted Operating System Installation folder 2. Select the job that corresponds to the Linux or VMware you want to install 6.1.2.2 WinPE ServerGuide Scripting Toolkit For more information and the setup steps required to enable the scenarios below, see the Standalone User’s Reference (ibm_sw_sgtkw_2.1.02_anyos_anycpu.pdf) and the Altiris Deployment Solution User’s reference (ibm_sw_sgtkw_2.1.02_anyos_anycpu_altiris.pdf). Links to these documents can be found on the Scripting Toolkit’s main page: https://www304.ibm.com/systems/support/supportsite.wss/docdisplay?lndocid=MIGR5073727&brandind=5000008 Standalone: Windows Local Deployment: 1. Change directory to \sgshare\sgdeploy\SGTKWinPE 2. Run the following command from a command prompt: SGTKWinPE.cmd ScenarioINIs\Local\Win2003_x86_EE.ini This command creates an ISO image WinPE_x86.iso in ..\WinPE_ScenatioOutput\Local_Win2003_x86_EE\ 3. Burn the CD from iso image and then boot the target server with this CD and follow the on line instruction to complete the task Windows Network Deployment:

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1. Change directory to \sgshare\sgdeploy\SGTKWinPE 2. Run the following command from a command prompt: SGTKWinPE.cmd ScenarioINIs\Network\Win2003_x86_EE.ini This command creates an ISO image WinPE_x86.iso in ..\WinPE_ScenatioOutput\Netwrk_Win2003_x86_EE\ 3. Burn the CD from iso image and then boot the target server with this CD and follow the on line instruction to complete the task Altiris: Cloning Installation: 1. Navigate to IBM ServerGuide Toolkit, Windows Edition 2.1 -> Modular Deployment Tools -> Step 2 –Operating System Installation -> Operating System Imaging folder 2. Open the Capture Windows Image 3. Select Create Disk Image and click Modify 4. Change the file name and path for the captured image and click Finish 5. Open the Deploy Windows Image job 6. Select the Distribute Disk Image task and click Modify 7. Change the path and filename to match as in step 4 and click Finish 8. Run the Capture Windows Image against the donor system 9. When it completes. Run the Deploy Windows Image job against the target server Scripted Installation: 1. Navigate to IBM Scripting Toolkit, windows Edition 2.1, Modular Deployment Tools -> Step 2 – Operating System Installation -> Scripted Operating System Installation folder 2. Select the job that corresponds to the Windows operating system you want to install

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7 Updates In this section we describe and walk through some typical scenarios used to perform firmware updates. We will cover how those tasks are commonly performed today with DOS based tools and how the same tasks will be performed on our new UEFI/IMM based systems.

7.1 Bootable Media 7.1.1 DOS Methods 7.1.1.1 DOS ServerGuide Scripting Toolkit The User’s Reference is ibm_sw_sgtk_1_3_07_anyos_anycpu.pdf which can be found on the DOS Toolkit main page: https://www304.ibm.com/systems/support/supportsite.wss/docdisplay?lndocid=MIGR53564&brandind=5000008 Instructions to populate the Toolkit source server with the desired updates are in section “Including BIOS code and firmware updates in a deployment scenario” in Appendix B “Enhancing deployment scenarios”. The corresponding variables for the desired scenario then need to be updated accordingly. See the “BIOS code and firmware code update variables” portion of the table on printed page number 47 in the User’s Reference. This is located within the “Modifying USRVARS.BAT” section in Chapter 3 “Customizing Toolkit scenarios”. 7.1.1.2 UpdateXpress CD IBM provided a product called UpdateXpress CD used to perform firmware and devices driver updates. The method to perform the firmware update portion was booting the CD. The CD booted PC-DOS and then executed the DOS based firmware update packages. Users could boot the CD using the systems local CD-ROM and could also use the virtual media functionality of RSA II and the Advanced Management Module to mount the ISO image and have the system boot it remotely as detailed below in sections 7.3.1 and 7.3.2.

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7.1.2 New Methods 7.1.2.1 Bootable Media Created with UXSPI One of the main UpdateXpress CD replacement tools IBM provides is called the UXSP Installer (UXSPI). The main function of this tools is to install our UXSPs but this tool also provides the ability to create bootable media that contains the latest UXSP for any given system using either a CLI (under Windows or Linux) or using a GUI (under Windows only). This tool solves two of the main issues customers had with the UpdateXpress CD which were that the content was stale and updating the content of the CD was a tedious task. Below are the steps used to… • Acquire the current UXSP for the system, 7979 in this case • Acquire the bootable media environment • Create a bootable ISO image Notes: • The instructions below use the Windows version of UXSPI. There are also versions available for RedHat and SuSE. • The instructions below are executed from a Windows command prompt • The examples in this document use UXSPI version 2.01. The ability to create bootable media directly from UXSPI will be removed in version 3.00. Instead, users will use our new IBM ToolsCenter Bootable Media Creation (ITBoMC) tool which is described below in section 7.1.2.2. • As noted above, UXSPI 3.00 will not directly create the bootable media, however, UXSPI 3.00 will still accept the ‘bootable’ command listed below and pass it and the additional arguments to the ITBoMC utility. • UXSPI 2.01 will not be able to detect the current firmware levels of the new systems. You will need UXSPI version 3.00 or higher for this. • These examples are for creating a bootable ISO image. UXSPI also provides the ability to create bootable USB devices. Please refer to the UXSPI users guide on our ToolsCenter InfoCenter for additional details and functionality. • UXSPI 2.01 does not provide the ability to create hard drive images that can be booted via PXE. That functionality may be provided in our new ITBoMC tool. Creating Bootable ISO Image for a 7979 Server: 1. Create a working directory  md c:\UXSPI2.01 2. Change to the working directory  c:

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 cd \UXSPI2.01 Download the Windows version of UXSPI 2.01 (setup201.exe) to the directory created above (c:\UXSPI2.01) Acquire the latest UXSP for the 7979 server  setup201 acquire –m 7979 –o sles10 Note that the bootable media requires the SLES 10 packages, not the Windows packages Acquire the bootable media environment  setup201 acquire -b Create the bootable ISO image  setup201 bootable –i 7979Firmware.iso

7.1.2.2 Bootable Media Created with ITBoMC As noted in the above section, creating bootable media with UXSPI will be replaced with our new Bootable Media Creator (ITBoMC) tool. To make the transition as easy as possible, ITBoMC 1.0 and UXSPI 3.0.0 will both support the same command line arguments meaning that UXSPI version 3.0.0 will accept the commands to create the bootable media and pass them to ITBoMC. ITBoMC offers significantly more functionality than was available with UXSPI such as adding other IBM tools like DSA to the bootable image. Another difference in ITBoMC from UXSPI is that you do not have to manually download the bootable environment. ITBoMC will automatically check for the existence of the bootable environment and if it does not find it, it will automatically download it. If it does find it, it will check and make sure it is the latest version and if not, automatically download the latest. Finally, with UXSPI you had to run separate commands to aquire the bootable environment, then acquire the updates, and then create the media. With ITBoMC, all of this is done with one simple command line. Creating Bootable ISO Image for a 7979 Server: 1. Create a working directory  md c:\ITBoMC1.0 2. Change to the working directory  c:  cd \ ITBoMC1.0 3. Download the Windows version of ITBoMC 1.0 (ibm_utl_itbomc_1.00_windows_i386.exe) to the directory created above (c:\ ITBoMC1.0) 4. Create the ISO image  ibm_utl_itbomc_1.00_windows_i386.exe --iso=7979Firmware.iso -function uxspi --bootenv=linux –m 7979

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7.1.2.3 Linux ServerGuide Scripting Toolkit For more information and the setup steps required to enable the scenarios below, see the Standalone User’s Reference (ibm_utl_sgtklnx_1.00_anyos_anycpu.pdf) and the Altiris Deployment Solution User’s reference (ibm_utl_sgtklnx_1.00_anyos_anycpu_altiris.pdf). Links to these documents can be found on the Scripting Toolkit’s main page: https://www304.ibm.com/systems/support/supportsite.wss/docdisplay?lndocid= MIGR-5073727&brandind=5000008 1. 2. 3. 4.

Standalone: Launch the Linux Toolkit Console by running sgtklinux.sh Define a workflow that includes the Firmware Update Task Create the Boot Media type ISO, USB Key, or PXE Boot the media on the server and the workflow will run automatically.

Altiris Firmware Updates: 1. Navigate to IBM Scripting Toolkit, Linux Edition 1.00 -> Modular Deployment Tools -> Step 1 – Preinstallation Hardware Configuration -> Update Firmware (UXSP) folder 2. Run Update System Firmware Job against the target system to update the system

7.2 Individual Updates 7.2.1 DOS Method 7.2.1.1 Individual Diskette and CD-ROM Images IBM provided individual DOS based diskette (.img) and/or CD-ROM (.iso) images for updating the system firmware. Users could create physical diskettes or CD-ROMs and boot them using the systems local diskette or CD-ROM drive and could also use the virtual media functionality of RSA II and the Advanced Management Module to mount/upload the images and have the system boot them remotely as detailed below in sections 7.3.1 and 7.3.2. Note that all of the DOS based updates run in attended mode by default, meaning that the utilities will stop and wait for user interaction. Most of these updates also provide metods to run the updates in unattended mode however,

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this is beyond the scope of this document. Consult the ReadMe provided with the update for instructions of how to execute the updates in unattended mode.

7.2.2 New Methods 7.2.2.1 Individual Updates Most of our updates are now on-line meaning that they can be executed under the running operating system such as Windows and Linux and do not require a reboot in order to perform the actual flash. Some of the updates such as BIOS, UEFI, and the storage controllers require a reboot to activate the new firmware but the firmware is actually flashed from under the operating system. For systems that do not have an operating system installed, the recommended method to perform updates is using the Bootable Media Creator (ITBoMC) as described in section 7.1.2.2 which also uses on-line updates. ITBoMC can create a bootable media with a individual update, with multiple updates, or with all firmware updates. Example for Creating Bootable Media that Contains a Single Update: Follow the steps below to create a bootable ISO image or USB key using ITBoMC that contains a single update for the HS21 Blade using the Windows version of the tool. Notes: The instructions below will vary slightly when using ITBoMC on Linux operating systems. When ITBoMC is executed, it will automatically acquire the required UXSPI (UpdateXpress System Pack Installer) and bootable environment files from the IBM web site. This operation requires an internet connection. 1. Create a working directory, for example, C:\HS21BIOSUpdate 2. Download the Windows version of ITBoMC to the temporary directory. For example: a. ibm_utl_bomc_1.00_windows_i386.exe 3. Download the Linux version of the update and the corresponding XML file to the temporary directory. For example, download the following BIOS update files for the HS22: a. ibm_fw_bios_bce140a_linux_i386.sh b. ibm_fw_bios_bce140a_linux_i386.xml 4. Execute ITBoMC to create a bootable ISO image or USB key a. ibm_utl_bomc_1.00_windows_i386.exe -iso=HS21BIOSUpdate.iso b. ibm_utl_bomc_1.00_windows_i386.exe --usbkey=E:

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Example for Creating Bootable Media that Contains a UXSP: Follow the steps below to create a bootable ISO image or USB key using ITBoMC that contains the latest UXSP for the HS21 Blade using the Windows version of the tool. Notes: The instructions below will vary slightly when using ITBoMC on Linux operating systems. When ITBoMC is executed, it will automatically acquire the required UXSPI (UpdateXpress System Pack Installer), bootable environment, and UXSP files from the IBM web site. This operation requires an internet connection. 1. Create a working directory, for example, C:\HS21UXSP 2. Download the Windows version of ITBoMC to the temporary directory. For example: a. ibm_utl_bomc_1.00_windows_i386.exe 3. Execute ITBoMC to create a bootable ISO image or USB key a. ibm_utl_bomc_1.00_windows_i386.exe -iso=HS21BIOSUpdate.iso –m 8853 b. ibm_utl_bomc_1.00_windows_i386.exe --usbkey=E: -m 8853 On our new systems, the UEFI, Diagnostic, and IMM firmware updates are all performed by the IMM. The updates are delivered to the IMM using the LAN over USB interface, described in section 8.2.1, or out-of-band using the external IP address of the IMM. We will focus on using the LAN over USB interface for in-band updates in this section. The other individual firmware updates perform the same way they do on our previous systems. Because the updates are much larger on our new systems, using a device driver or a slow bus is not efficient enough. Therefore, the UEFI, Diagnostic, and IMM updates all have an FTP client built in. When the update is executed, at a high level, the following occurs: 1. The package extracts itself to a temporary directory 2. The update utility attempts to connect to the IMM using the default IMM LAN Over USB address – 169.254.95.118 3. If the update utility cannot connect to the IMM using the default address, it will: a. Check to see if the LAN Over USB interface is up and configured properly i. If the interface is not up or configured properly, the update utility will attempt to automatically bring it up and/or configure it

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b. Attempt to discover the IMM using an SLP multicast only on the LAN Over USB interface 4. The update utility contacts the IMM via the LAN over USB interface using either the default address or the IP address discovered by SLP and tells it to start an embedded FTP server 5. The update utility sends the update to the IMM via FTP 6. The update utility obtains status updates from the IMM as the update is downloaded 7. The update utility tells the IMM to shut down the FTP server 8. The update utility tells the IMM to perform the update 9. The update utility obtains status updates from the IMM as the update performed 10. Upon a successful update, if the update was for the IMM, the update utility automatically reboots the IMM 7.2.2.2 UXSPs IBM’s recommend method for performing device driver and firmware updates is using our UpdateXpress System Packs (UXSPs). These are a tested bundle of updates that run under the operating system. Our bootable media creation tools also use UXSPs to create a bootable media containing all necessary firmware updates. The UXSPs can be downloaded as a complete set from the IBM web site or aquired by the UpdateXpress System Pack Installer (UXSPI) and/or the Bootable Media Creator (ITBoMC). Please refer to the ToolsCenter Web site for additional information on our UXSPs.

7.3 Remote Booting Note that the methods detailed in this section can be used to remotely boot the updates whether they are DOS or non-DOS based unless otherwise stated.

7.3.1 Using RSA II Virtual Media To use the virtual media functionality of the RSA II, launch the remote control applet via the Web interface under the Remote Control link and clicking on either the ‘Start Remote Control in Single User Mode’ or ‘Start Remote Control in Multi-user Mode’. Once the applet has started, you would… • Left click on ‘Select File’ • Press the >> button • Select the diskette or ISO image from the file brower and click Open • Click on the Mount Drive button • Boot or reboot the server Note that in order to boot the diskette or ISO image you have to have diskette or CDROM in your boot order before the local hard drive or network boot if you used PXE booting.

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7.3.2 Using AMM Virtual Media Note that these instructions were written using AMM firmware version BPET48C. If using AMM firmware versions prior to the one used above, you would skip the first step below. To use the virtual media functionality of the AMM, launch the remote control applet via the Web interface under the Remote Control link and clicking on Start Remote Control button. Once the applet has started, you would… • Click on the ‘Remote Drive’ buton • Left click on ‘Select Image’ • Press the Add -> button • Select the diskette or ISO image from the file brower and click Open • Click on the Mount All button • Boot or reboot the server Note that in order to boot the diskette or ISO image you have to have diskette or CDROM in your boot order before the local hard drive or network boot if you used PXE booting. Additionally with the AMM, if the image is small enough, you can upload the entire image to the memory of the AMM. The amount of free space available is shown in parenthesis next to the ‘Upload Image AMM…’ option. To upload the image to the AMM, you would follow the instuctions above but replace the second step (Left click on ‘Select Image’) with ‘Left click on ‘Upload Image to AMM…’.

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8 Management As previously stated, while the main focus of this document is migrating away from DOS tools, in this section we will cover some additional items such as how managing our new IMM based systems will be different in a good way.

8.1 BMC and RSA II There are several methods you can use to manage the BMC and RSA II devices in our systems. There are In-Band paths meaning that you communicate with the device from the operating system running on the system and Out-Of-Band paths meaning that you communicate with the device over the Ethernet network. The IBM Director agents, ASU, and our On-Line flash utilities, for example, use the In-Band path while the IBM Director server uses the Out-Of-Band path. Notes: • • •

The In-Band is available for all systems The Out-Of-Band path is not available for Blades The RSA II is not supported on Blades

8.1.1 BMC Device Drivers In order to communicate with the BMC In-Band, you must have an IPMI device driver installed. Our tools support two IPMI device drivers: 8.1.1.1 OSA IPMI Device Driver and Mapping Layer When we originally shipped our BMC products, we also released an IPMI device driver written by OSA. This device driver also required the installation of a Mapping Layer for the utilities such as SMBridge to function properly. Both the OSA IPMI device driver and Mapping Layer can be downloaded from the IBM support site. 8.1.1.2 OpenIPMI Device Driver We later transitioned our tools to support using the Open Source OpenIPMI device driver. This device driver does not require a Mapping Layer to function properly. The OpenIPMI device driver comes with most major Linux operating systems and and VMware ESX. Windows operating systems also include an IPMI driver starting with Windows Server 2003 R2.

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8.1.2 RSA II USB Daemon A device driver is not required to communicate with the RSA II In-Band however, a USB daemon is. As the name states, this is not a device driver. This is a daemon that creates a USB connection from the operating system to the RSA II. There are versions of this daemon available for both Windows and Linux operating systems.

8.1.3 In-Band Tools Once you have the device driver and/or deamon installed, you can use the following tools to manage the BMC and/or RSA II in-Band. Note that this is not a complete list of tools. 8.1.3.1 SMBridge As mentioned above, we initially released a tool named SMBridge (System Management Bridge) used to manage and configure the BMC on our systems. The documentation for this tool can be found on our ToolsCenter Information Center. 8.1.3.2 IPMITool Also as mentioned above, we now support using the Open Source tool IPMITool to manage and configure the BMC on our systems. Please visit the SourceForge web site for documentation on using IPMITool. 8.1.3.3 ASU Version 2.x and Earlier As mentioned in previous sections, ASU can be used to configure the BMC and RSA II settings. Versions 2.x and Earlier can only be used In-Band. 8.1.3.4 Flash Utilities Also as mentioned previous sections, we have flash utilities that run In-Band to update the BMC and RSA II firmware. The flash utilities for these devices can only be used In-Band.

8.1.4 Out-Of-Band Tools You can use the following tools to manage the BMC and/or RSA II Out-Of-Band. Note that this is not a complete list of tools. 8.1.4.1 SMBridge SMBridge can also be used to manage and configure the BMC on our systems Out-Of-Band. Again, the documentation for this tool can be found on our ToolsCenter Information Center.

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8.1.4.2 IPMITool IPMITool can also be used to manage and configure the BMC on our systems Out-Of-Band. Again, please visit the SourceForge web site for documentation on using IPMITool. 8.1.4.3 Other RSA II Interfaces There are several other interfaces as listed below that can be used to manage the RSA II Out-Of-Band but we will not go into detail for these interfaces: • Web • SNMP • Telnet CLI • SSH CLI

8.2 IMM Similar to the BMC and RSA II, there are several methods you can use to manage the IMM. There are both In-Band and Out-Of-Band paths, however, there are no device drivers or deamons required for In-Band management although as you will see you can use the OpenIPMI drivers if you so choose.

8.2.1 LAN over USB As mentioned above, we no longer require IPMI device drivers or USB daemons to communicate with the IMM In-Band. We can now use a LAN over USB interface. This means that we expose an Ethernet NIC from the IMM to the operating system. Typically, the IMM IP address for the LAN over USB interface is set to a static address of 169.254.95.118 with a subnet mask of 255.255.0.0. In the event of an IP address collision on the network, the IMM may obtain a different IP address within the 169.254 range. The IMM will first try to use the same address that is currently being used as the static address, 169.254.95.118. If that address is in use, it will randomly obtain an address and try it until it finds one that is not in use. Since the IMM could possibily obtain a random IP address for the LAN over USB interface, ASU, the IMM, UEFI, and Diagnostic flash utilities, DSA, ITBoMC, and the IBM Director agent will use SLP (Service Location Protocol) to discover the IMMs IP address. At a high level, these tools will perform an SLP multicast discovery on the LAN over USB interface and when they recive the response from the IMM, they will obtain the attributes that contains the IP address the IMM is using for the LAN over USB interface. Additionally, all of the tools mentioned above will automatically detect if the LAN over USB interface is not already configured or misconfigured and automatically configure it. The sections below describe how to configure the interface on the various operating systems if you so choose to configure it yourself.

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8.2.1.1 Configuring the LAN over USB Interface on Windows When you install Windows on these systems, there will be an unknown RNDIS device in the device manager. IBM provides a Windows INF that identifies this device. The signed version of the INF is included in all of the Windows versions of the IMM, UEFI, and DSA update packages. To obtain the INF, extract the contents of the package via the GUI (execute the package with no parameters) or the –x command line parameter. Installing the Windows INF file: Note: These instuctions are for Windows 2003 • Obtain the INF as instructed above and note the location • Open the Windows device manager o Right click on ‘My Computer’ and select ‘Manage’ o Left click on ‘Device Manager’ • Locate the unknown ‘RNDIS/CDC ETHER’ device located under ‘Other devices’ • Right click on the device and select Update Driver • Follow the prompts and select the INF file • Using the Hardware Update Wizard o Select ‘Install from a list or specific location (Advanced)’ o Click on ‘Next’ o Deselect ‘Search removeable media (floppy, CD-ROM…)’ o Click on the ‘Browse’ button o Select the location of the INF file and press ‘OK’ o Click ‘Next’ o For now, the INF is not signed so you will have to press ‘Continue Anyway’ o Click ‘Finish’ o Close the ‘Computer Management’ window By default when Windows installs the device, it will set it to try and obtain an IP address via DHCP. This will not work so you will have to reconfigure the interface with a static IP address. To configure a static IP address: Note: These instuctions are for Windows 2003 • Right click on ‘My Network Places’ and select ‘Properties’ • Select the device listed as ‘IBM USB Remote NDIS Network Device’ • Right click on the device and select ‘Properties’ • Select ‘Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)’ • Click on ‘Properties’ • Select ‘Use the following IP address:’

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Enter 169.254.95.130 in the ‘IP address:’ field Enter 255.255.0.0 in the ‘Subnet Mask:’ field Click ‘OK’ Click ‘Close’ Close the ‘Network Connections’ window

8.2.1.2 Configuring the LAN over USB Interface on Linux 8.2.1.2.1 Current Versions The current versions of Linux such as RHEL5 Update 2 and SLES10 Service Pack 2 support the LAN over USB interface by default. This interface will be detected and displayed during the installation of these operating systems. Remember when configuring the device to use a static IP address of 169.254.95.130 with a subnet mask of 255.255.0.0. Once setup of the device is complete, ensure that communication to the IMM is successful by pinging 169.254.95.118. If no ping response is received ensure that your routing table is correct for this device. A single route entry of 169.254.0.0 should exist for usb0, if any other 169.254.0.0 route entry exist it must be removed from the table to ensure communication to the IMM. 8.2.1.2.2

Previous Versions

8.2.1.2.2.1 RHEL4 U7

The previous version of RedHat, RHEL4 U7, does not automatically detect this interface so you must manually configure it as follows. Configuring the LAN over USB interface on RHEL4 U7: Note: These instructions are for using the GNOME desktop • Edit the ‘/etc/modprobe.conf’ file o Open the file in your favorite text editor o Add the following line to the bottom of the file  alias usb0 usbnet • At a console prompt, type ‘modprobe usb0’ • Verify the drivers are loaded o At a console prompt, type ‘lsmod | grep usb’ o You should see ‘usbnet’ and ‘mii’ listed • Left click on ‘Applications’ -> ‘System Settings’ -> ‘Network’ • In the ‘Network Configuration’ GUI: o Left click on ‘New’

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o Select ‘Ethernet connection’ and click the ‘Forward’ button o Select ‘USB CDC Ethernet driver (usb0)’ and click the ‘Forward’ button o Configure the IP address:  Select ‘Statically set IP address’  Enter 169.254.95.130 in the ‘Address:’ field  Enter 255.255.0.0 in the ‘Subnet mask:’ field o Click on ‘Forward’ o Click on ‘Apply’ o Click on ‘File’ -> ‘Save’ o Click on ‘OK’ o Highlight the new Inactive usb0 device o Click on ‘Activate’  The interface should now be ‘Active’ o Close the ‘Network Configuration’ GUI Verify you can ping the IMM o At a console prompt, type ‘ping –c 4 169.254.95.118’ o You should see 4 successful pings

8.2.1.2.2.2 SLES9 SP4

The previous version of SuSE, SLES9 SP4, automatically detects this interface during the install however it detects it is a modem not a network interface. Due to this, you cannot configure it during the install and must manually configure it after the install as follows. Configuring the LAN over USB interface on SLES9 SP4: o Manually create an ifcfg-usb0 file in the /etc/sysconfig/network directory  cd /etc/sysconfig/network  vi ifcfg-usb0 and add the following lines • IPADDR=169.254.95.130 • NETMASK=255.255.0.0 • STARTMODE=onboot  Save the file o Add an alias to usb0 in the file /etc/modprobe.conf.local  vi /etc/modprobe.conf.local • alias usb0 usbnet  Save the file o Bring the interface up  ifup usb0

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8.2.1.2.3 Known Issue with SuSE and VMWare Routing Tables There is a known issue with SuSE and VMWare where by default the routing tables may contain a network route for eth0 that prevents communications with the IMM via the LAN over USB interface. To delete the route, type the following at the command line. Note that if you reboot, this route will appear again. To prevent this, add this command to one of the init scripts that is run after the network devices are configured. • route del -net 169.254.0.0 netmask 255.255.0.0 dev eth0 8.2.1.2.4

Known Limitation with RHEL5 U2 and Earlier and the LAN over USB Interface There is a known limitation with RHEL5 U2 where network installations will fail if this interface is enabled. This is a RedHat issue that resides in the installation code so cannot be fixed in that version. RedHat has identified and fixed this issue. The fix will be included in RHEL5 U3. In order to network install RHEL5 U2 and earlier versions, you must disable the LAN over USB interface. Once the operating system has been installed, you can reenable the device. Note that if you do not reenable the device, you will not be able to perform updates from under the operating system. The interface can be enabled or disabled via an IPMI command, the IMM web interface, the AMM web interface, or via ASU. The IPMITool command is listed below for convenience. Disabling the LAN over USB interface using IPMITool: Note: If executing IPMITool inband, which is required for Blades, you must have the IPMI device drivers loaded. Additionaly, if executing IPMITool inband, you would omit the –I, -C, -U, -P and –H parameters in the command below • ipmitool –I lanplus –C 1 –U {user ID} –P {password} –H {IMM IP address} raw 0xC 0x1 0x1 0xC1 0x0 Enabling the LAN over USB interface using IPMITool: Note: If executing IPMITool inband, which is required for Blades, you must have the IPMI device drivers loaded. Additionaly, if

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executing IPMITool inband, you would omit the –I, -C, -U, -P and –H parameters in the command below ipmitool –I lanplus –C 1 –U {user ID} –P {password} –H {IMM IP address} raw 0xC 0x1 0x1 0xC1 0x1

Potential LAN over USB Interface Conflicts There are cases where the LAN Over USB interface can conflict with certain network configurations and/or applications. An example is OpenMPI which attempts to use all available network interfaces. OpenMPI will see this interface and attempt to use it to communicate with other systems in a clustered environment. Since this interface is an internal only interface, this will not work. There are a few alternatives to workaround these types of issues such as:  You can take the interface down (ifdown under Linux)  You can completely remove the driver (rmmod under Linux)  You can disable the interface on the IMM as described in the above section  Specifically for OpenMPI, you can configure it to not attempt to use this interface There are additional considerations to take into account before selecting which action to take. 1. The OS loader watchdog depends on the LAN Over USB interface to be active. If you take it down or disable the interface, the watchdog could erroneously trigger and reboot the system. There fore, if this interface is not active, you must also disable the OS watchdog. 2. As mentioned in previous sections, our online IMM, UEFI, and Diagnostic updates require this interface to send the update to the IMM. If you take down or remove the interface, our update utilities will automatically attempt to bring it back up. If you disable the interface from the IMM, the online utilities will not work at all. It is therefore recommended that you do not take down, remove, or disable the interface if it can be avoided.

8.2.2 In-Band Tools

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As previously mentioned, there is no need to install device drivers to use our tools to manage the IMM In-Band, however, if you choose to use certain tools such as IPMITool In-Band, you will need the OpenIPMI drivers. Below are the tools you can use In-Band to manage the IMM.

8.2.2.1 IPMITool Using IPMITool In-Band on IMM is the same as using it on BMC. Please visit the SourceForge web site for documentation on using IPMITool. 8.2.2.2 ASU Version 3.00 and Higher As mentioned in previous sections, ASU 3.00 is used to configure the UEFI and IMM settings. 8.2.2.3 Flash Utilities Also as mentioned previous sections, we have flash utilities that run In-Band to update the UEFI, IMM, and Diagnostic firmware.

8.2.3 Out-Of-Band Tools You can use the following tools to manage the IMM Out-Of-Band. 8.2.3.1 IPMITool IPMITool can also be used to manage and configure the IMM on our systems Out-Of-Band. Again, please visit the SourceForge web site for documentation on using IPMITool. 8.2.3.2 ASU Version 3.00 and Higher As mentioned in previous sections, ASU 3.00 can be used to manage the IMM Out-Of-Band to configure the UEFI and IMM settings. 8.2.3.3 Flash Utilities Also as mentioned previous sections, the flash utilities for the UEFI, IMM, and Diagnostic firmware can be used Out-Of-Band. 8.2.3.4 Other IMM Interfaces There are several other interfaces as listed below that can be used to manage the IMM Out-Of-Band but we will not go into detail for these interfaces: • Web • SNMP v1 • SNMP v3 • Telnet CLI • SSH CLI • CIM/XML via HTTP

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This is the last page of the document!!

End of Document