To Be

THE VERB TO BE : GRAMMAR

Ser o estar 25/06/09

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Affirmative • • • • • • • •

I am you are he is She is It is we are you are they are

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( yo soy o estoy) ( tu eres o estás) (el es o está) (ella es o está) ( esto es o está) (nosotros somos o estamos) (ustedes son o están) (ellos son o están)

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Casos especiales: Se emplea para expresar edad y tambien para expresar sensaciones, en cuyo caso se interpreta como “tener”. • Pedro is sixteen years old. • I am hungry.

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Pedro tiene dieciseis años. • Tengo hambre. •

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Casos especiales: Se empleapara referirse al clima, en cuyo caso se interpreta como “estar”. • The day is sunny.

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• El día está soleado.

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• Use am in a sentence about yourself. • I am a doctor. I am hungry. I'm a student. I'm hot.

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• Use is in sentences about a third person or thing. • He is a doctor.            He's tall. She is a teacher.      She's intelligent. It is a book               It 's sunny today. 

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• Use are in sentences about a second person (you) singular and all plural subjects. • You are a doctor.        You are tall. You are doctors.          You (plural) are tall. We are students.          We are cold. They are teachers.        They are hot.

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EXERCISES I Complete with: am is are • • • • • • • • • • •

Complete the sentences with the forms of the verb “to be”. 1.- Mr. Jones ___________________ a man. 2.- They _____________________ doctors. 3.- _______________ you an English teacher? 4.- I _______________ a football player. 5.- He _________________ Mexican. 6.- She _________________ an American. 7.- You ______________ students. 8.- Mr. Smith and I ____________ teachers. We ___________ teachers. 9.- Mary ______________ also a student in this class. 10.- _____________ these chairs?

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• 1.- What are the 3 forms of the verb “to be”? • a.- _______b.- _______ c.- _______ • 2.- What is the plural form of the verb “to be”? • a.- _______________________ • 3.- Which are the singular forms of the verb “to be”? • a.- _______________________

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Circle the correct answer: • • • • • • • • • • •

The cat (am/ is / are) white. Sarit and I (am / is / are) friends. Sharon and Rotem (am / is / are) sisters. My mother (am / is / are) a teacher at Hadar school. My father and my brother (am / is / are) very tall. Tamar and I (am / is / are) happy. Tom (am / is / are) a big boy. The book (am / is / are) very old. The pencils (am / is / are) on the desk. The books (am / is / are) on the shelf. Pam (am / is / are) a little baby.

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Negative I am not ( yo no soy o no estoy) you are not ( tu no eres o no estas) he is not (el no es o no esta) She is not (ella no es o no esta) It is not ( esto no es o no esta) we are not (nosotros no somos o no estamos) (ustedes no son o no están) • you are not (ellos no son o no están) • they are not • • • • • •

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Some examples • She is not a doctor. (Ella no es una doctora) • I am not an accountant. (No soy contador) • We are not from Mexico. (Nosotros no somos de Mexico)

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Complete the gaps with the negative forms of the verb to be Example: She in not from France. • • • • • • • • • •

This book _______ mine. Jane and Peter _______ married. That _______ right. My brother _______ here at the moment. We _______ in England. It ________ Monday today. Jennie's surname _______ Peters. I _______ a hairdresser. My name _______ Alexander. There _______ many people in this class.

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Interrogative • • • • • • • •

Am I ? Are you ? Is he ? Is she ? Is it ? Are we ? Are you ? Are they ?

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( Soy yo?) (Eres tu ?) ( Es el ? ) (Es ella? ) (Es esto?) (Somos nosotros?) (Son ustedes ?) (Son ellos?)

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Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the verb to be - am, is, are. •

_____ Jane and Alice sisters?

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_____ this car yours?

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_____ I in your way?

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______ Maria John's sister?

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______ you twenty-five years old?

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______ the Smiths divorced?

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______ this your new bicycle? 25/06/09

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Short forms ( Formas cortas) I am not = I’m not Are not = aren’t Is not = isn’t

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Some examples • She isn’t a doctor. (Ella no es una doctora) • I’m not an accountant. (No soy contador) • We aren’t from Mexico. (Nosotros no somos de Mexico) 25/06/09

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