There’s a pen Japanese Together *from Scratch* First lesson, second part
There is/There are ペン is written in katakana because it is a foreign word.
There is a pen. Pen ga arimasu. ペンがあります。
いる is used for things, plants. ある is used for human beings, animals.
There is a cat. Neko ga imasu. ねこがいます。 猫がいます。
Where are things? In the bakery there are Pay attention! If you type panya instead of cakes. pannya you could get pan'ya ni keeki ga this result: ぱにゃ , arimasu. which is incorrect. パンやにケーキがあり パン comes from French, and means not only ます。 bread, but also every パン屋にケーキがあり other baked product. ます。 屋 is a suffix for “shop”
Some grammar!!! に many uses… place marker with iru/aru が subject marker Place NI subject GA imasu/arimasu In the office there is a terrace (in English, the office has a terrace) Kaisha ni terasu ga arimasu. かいしゃにテラスがあります。 会社にテラスがあります。
Something important… In Japanese there’s no singular or plural form. There are some ways to make some pronouns plural, but we will se them in the future.
Pen ga arimasu ペンがあります This sentence could be translated into There is a pen / There are some pens
Structure review: examples There’s an Italian itariajin ga imasu イタリアじんがいます。イタリア人がいます。 There are some cats neko ga imasu ねこがいます。猫がいます。 There’s a dog inu ga imasu いぬがいます。犬がいます。 There’s an umbrella kasa ga arimasu かさがあります。傘があります。 In the library there are Japanese books. toshokan ni nihon no hon ga arimasu. としょかんににほんのほんがあります。 図書館に日本の本があります。
About courtesy すみません sumimasen is used to be noticed (i.e. in restaurants) to say that you didn’t have to take the disturb (receiving gifts) ごめんなさい gomen nasai is used to apologise どうも doumo to say thanks (very casual) どうぞ douzo to say please (to invite)
When you must leave… Sayounara さようなら Good bye, when you leave (not used leaving home or a house) dewa mata ではまた See you later, polite, often reply to sayounara mata raishuu またらいしゅう また来週 See you next week Mata ashita またあした また明日 See you tomorrow mata ne/jaa ne またね/じゃあね See you! itterasshai いってらっしゃい To great someone who is leaving home Ittekimasu いってきます Reply to itterasshai mata ato de またあとで See you later bai bai バイバイ Bye bye