Theorem

BRMIIT AIM OF THE EXPERIMENT : To verify the superposition theorm for gives network. Apparatus Required : Sl. Items No. 1 Superposition Theorem Kit 2 Multimeter 3 Connecting wine

Specification/Type

Quantity

Digital

1 1 As per required

Theory : Superposition theorm can be stated as : “In a network of linear resistance containing more than one generator (or source of e.m.f), the current which flows at any point is the sum of all the connects which would flow at that point if each generation where considered separately and all the other generators replaced for the time being by resistances equal to their international resistance”. Explanation : Let a network thermo consists of 2 voltage source E, & E 2, and if the current that flows through a branch AB is I and the current that flows through AB is I 1 & I2 when E1 & E2 are considered separately ignoring the other one. Then according to superposition theorm : [ I = I1 + I 2 ] Procedure : 1.

Connect +5V DC power supply to terminal 1 and 8 and +12V DC supply to terminal 4 and 5 using patch chords.

2.

Short the terminal 3 and 6 using patch chords.

3.

Connect the ammeter between terminals 2 and 7 and measure the correct I in the ammeter.

4.

Remove the +5V supply from branch AB (1, 8) and the short 1 & 8 using patch chords.

5.

Read the current in the ammeter again and say if as I1.

Similarly in the next step remove the 12V supply and short it by chords then

6.

reconnect +5V to 1, 8 terminal and measure the current through ammeter and say it as I2. Then compare the superposition theorm by using I = I1+I2

7.

Sl. No.

Current reading in Current I1 = I1 + I2 ammeter due to 12V only reading in (R1) ammeter due to 5V only (I2)

Current due to both sources (I)

1 Calculation : So R1 (Current through AB by superposition thermo) = I1 + I2 = 3 + 2 I=I Conclusion :

Prepared By : Jyoti Ranjan Pradhan

BRMIIT Aim of the Experiment : To verify maximum Power transfer theorm. Apparatus Required : Sl. No. 1 2 3

Items Maximum power transfer trainer Kit Multimeter Connecting wines

Specification/Type (D-75) V, DC

Quantity 1 1 As per required

Theory Statement : “A resistance load, being connected to a DC network receives maximum power when the load resistance is equal to the internal resistance as seen from the load terminals. Explanation : Let us consider a load resistance RL is connected to a DC source network. So the maximum power can be delivered to load. When dPLdRL = 0-1 (when PL = Power in load) Where PL = I2 RL = (V0Rth+RL)2RL (when I = current through load) So equating (1) we get Rth = RL Procedure : ➢

Set the value of load (variable resistance) RL to some lower value (400-2) & for this connect multimeter between 7 & 8.

➢

Slow connect +5V to terminal 5 and Gnd to Gnd.

➢

Connect dc ammeter between terminal 6 & 7 i.e. connect 6 to +ve & 7 to –ve terminal.

➢

Switch on the power supply to trainer kit.

➢

Read the value of load connect IL from DC ammeter.

➢

Repeat the above step for the load resistance like 450Ω, 550Ω etc.

➢

Calculate the power for each load

➢

Compare the load at where power is high to the theoretical Rth.

Observation : Sl. No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Load Resistance 2L

Load current RL

Power dissipated PL

400Ω 450 500Ω 550Ω 600Ω 650 680Ω 750 800Ω

Calculation : From the above tabulation it is clear that the power is maximum at load resistance RL Rth = Conclusion :

Prepared By : Jyoti Ranjan Pradhan