The Holy Quran

The Holy Quran How was it revealed and collected and compiled Ali Azhar Arastu

Agenda           

Introduction Revelation and its kinds Revealed and recorded Surahs, Makki and Madani and their characteristics Compilers of the Holy Quran Qira’ats Mohkamat (definitive) and Mutashabihat (ambiguos) Huroof e Muqatte (The letters that are broken) Short Stories in Quran Ethics in Quran The Miracle

Introduction     

Book that brings light Not the only heavenly book, but its unique Literary Masterpiece Challenge of Allah (swt) (Surah Isra 17:88) Other names of Quran

Revelation and its kinds  Revelation  Revelation

on the heart  Revelation through sound or sign  Revelation through Angels

Revealed and recorded          

The first 5 Ayats revealed on 27th Rajab Period of 23 years The first one to record in Mecca was Ali (as) The first one to record in Medina was Zaid The others who recorded Where were they recorded? After recording what? Memorize How did they know when a Surah ended? Bismillah, why was it omitted in Surah Tauba?

Surah’s , Makki and Madani       

Surah, its definition Two Kinds of Surah’s Makki Surah’s and Madani Surah’s Special characteristics of Makki and Madani The sequence of Surah’s The names of the Surah’s Some Surah’s have more than one name: - Surah Tauba is also called ‘Bara’at’ - Surah Naml is also called ‘Suleiman’

Compilers of the Holy Quran      

Ali (as) compiles it first after the demise of the holy Prophet (sawa) Zaid was asked to do it Others who did it too Quran standardized in the reign of the 3rd caliph No difference in the Quran compiled by Imam Ali and the Quran we have today Imam Ali (as) and other Imams authenticate the Quran

Qira’ats

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Minor problems in the standardized version - Letters without dots - No vowels - No Alifs inside the word Only educated Arabs could read Causes differences in Qira’ats 7 different Qira’ats Most of the muslim world follows ‘Hafs’ now Hafs student of Aasim…

Mohkamat (definitive) and Mutashabihat (ambiguos) verses

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Surah Aale Imran Ayat #7 Mohkamat (definitive) verses Mutashabihat (Metaphorical) verses - Hands of Allah (swt) Definitive verses explained in Tafseer Metaphorical verses paraphrased/Taweel

Huroof e Muqatte (Alif Lam Mim)    

The letters that are used in beginning of some Surah’s 29 Surah’s that start with these letters.. What are these letters? What do they mean? There are 3 opinions - Only Allah (swt) knows - Only Allah (swt), His Prophet(S) and Imams (AS) know - To show that Quran is written by simple letters

Short Stories in Quran         

Quran just hints the incidences of the past No details, it is not a history book Has no fiction Stories to wake the sleeping ones Stories to prove that it is a heavenly book All the Prophets had the same mission Roots of all the religions are the same Stories show the fate of non believers Stories boosted the morale of the prophet (S)

Ethics in Quran            

Always Respond to a Greeting with a better one(4:86) Do not be Arrogant or Proud (31;18) Be Humble and Speak softly (31:19) Invite to God with Wisdom and Kindness (16:125) Be Kind to Your Parents (17:23,24) Suppress Anger and Forgive People (3:133,134) Counter Evil with Good (41:34) & (13:22) Do not say Bad Things (14:26) Do not insult the Idolaters (6:108) Do not make Fun of Others, or call Them Names (49:11) Do not be Suspicious, or Spy on One Another, or Backbite (49:12) Do not be Racist (49:13)

The Miracle  Literary

masterpiece  A book 1400 yrs old has things that science is now discovering  Quran challenges the mankind  To produce one surah like it