The Abcs Of Ithink
This document was uploaded by user and they confirmed that they have the permission to share it. If you are author or own the copyright of this book, please report to us by using this DMCA report form. Report DMCA
Overview
Download & View The Abcs Of Ithink as PDF for free.
More details
- Words: 776
- Pages: 21
The ABC of I Think Emilio Porta Pallais [email protected]
Nouns and Verbs • The distinction between nouns and verbs is recognized in many languages. • Stocks and flows are the nouns and verbs of System Dynamics. • The distinction between them is the first skill that must be taught.
Nouns and Verbs Nouns
Reservoir
Conveyor
Stocks: Nouns. Represent the actual state, magnitude or condition. They say the state of things. They stop actions and the actual condition persists. The stocks accumulate. All the items in a balance sheet are stocks. Reservoir are the most common form of stock. Personal accounts, cash, inventories, population, water reserves, debt, confidence, obligations, corruption, frustration, self-esteem. Conveyors are like a sidewalk. They can be used to create a better level of representation of a process or delay in the process.
Nouns and Verbs Verbs
Flows: Verbs. Represent actions/activities. They say uniflow
biflow
how the things are going. They can stop the process and the volume of the flow falls to zero. All the items in an income statement are flows. Most use “ing” (gerund) as an ending. Contracting, increasing price, learning, selling, enrolling, lecturing, spending, lending, loaning, depositing, growing, manufacturing
Nouns and Verbs
Verbs Nouns Verbs
Constructing Sentences • A simple sentence consists of a noun and a verb Inventory (e.g. a stock and flow). delivery
• A compound sentence (called a “principal chain” or “spinal cord”) consists of two or more stocks together with one or more flows. Inventory supplier
Inventory reseller
delivery
• There are two rules, which guide the way that nouns and verbs can be put together.
Constructing Sentences Rule 1: Respect the Consistency of Units All the flows arriving or leaving a stock must be in the same unit of measurement as the stock. Peopl e Population
Birth
People per year
Death
People per year
Anger units Anger
Raising
Anger units per minute
Diminishing
Anger units per minute
Constructing Sentences Respect the Consistency of Units: Exercises Use a mental simulation to identify what is wrong with these representations of stocks and flows. 1. “Motivation by increasing salaries” Salary
Motivation
increase
2. “Criminals create fear…” Criminals
Fear
create
Constructing Sentences Rule 2: Respect the laws of conservation All the physical flows come from one place (draining a stock) and end in another place (filling the stock). Applicants
Workers
Contracting
Ex employees
Resigning
In the construction of a model, you must make a conscious decision if you want to conserve a physical flow. It is a decision of the limits of the model.
Virtually all the non-physical come from the air and disappear into the air. Knowledge
Learning
Forgettin
Constructing Sentences Rule 2: Respect the laws of conservation - Examples Name the stocks that could be replaced by the clouds? Patients
a. Admitting patients to the emergency room
leaving the emergency room
Monetary Reserves
b. Profits
Expenditures
Constructing Sentences Respect the laws of conservation: Exercises A map of the transfer of knowledge is drawn below. Do a mental simulation of the process that the map represents. What do you think?
Teacher knowledge
Student knowledge
teaching
Joining Sentences The sentences are joined together when the noun and verb are connected to the verb of another sentence. knowledge
Workers
incorporating
Work
completing
Teachers
contracting
In order to do the combinations, we need a new element of language: the conector
Distinguishing two ways to connect sentences Stock to flow
Flow to Flow
Working
Increasing the skills of teachers knowledge
Workers
incorporating
Work
completing
Teachers
contracting
Distinguishing two ways to connect sentences Below are two representations of the process building strength necessary to split wood. Do a mental simulation of both. Which one is the best representation? Why?
A.
B. Muscle Mass
Building muscle mass
Muscle Mass
Building muscle mass
Split wood
Splitting wood
Split wood
Splitting wood
Introducing Converters Converters mainly operate as adverbs. They modify verbs/flows. Muscle Mass
Whenthey theyare areused used When asadverbs, adverbs,converters converters as functionas as“terms “termsof of function productivity.” productivity.”
Building muscle mass
Split wood
Splitting wood
Muscle mass per piece of wood
Adverbs Advers Verbs
Advers Nouns Verbs
Introducing Converters Convertors also can serve as adjectives, substitutes for stocks or flows, and/or for general uses. Adjective
Substituting for a stock or flow
hunger
Food in the stomaFood in the stomach
Students
General Uses
Variable cost
Self esteem
independence
Self respect
Generic Structures Linear B
B A
A
B
B A
No feedback
A
Generic Structures Exponential Growth B B A
Fraction
Reinforcement
A
Generic Structures Convergence (Adjustment of STOCK) A B
Fraction or Time
Counteract
B
A
Generic Structures Convergence (Adjustment of STOCK) B
G
A
B
A
Difference Fraction Goals
G
Counteract
A B
Nouns and Verbs • The distinction between nouns and verbs is recognized in many languages. • Stocks and flows are the nouns and verbs of System Dynamics. • The distinction between them is the first skill that must be taught.
Nouns and Verbs Nouns
Reservoir
Conveyor
Stocks: Nouns. Represent the actual state, magnitude or condition. They say the state of things. They stop actions and the actual condition persists. The stocks accumulate. All the items in a balance sheet are stocks. Reservoir are the most common form of stock. Personal accounts, cash, inventories, population, water reserves, debt, confidence, obligations, corruption, frustration, self-esteem. Conveyors are like a sidewalk. They can be used to create a better level of representation of a process or delay in the process.
Nouns and Verbs Verbs
Flows: Verbs. Represent actions/activities. They say uniflow
biflow
how the things are going. They can stop the process and the volume of the flow falls to zero. All the items in an income statement are flows. Most use “ing” (gerund) as an ending. Contracting, increasing price, learning, selling, enrolling, lecturing, spending, lending, loaning, depositing, growing, manufacturing
Nouns and Verbs
Verbs Nouns Verbs
Constructing Sentences • A simple sentence consists of a noun and a verb Inventory (e.g. a stock and flow). delivery
• A compound sentence (called a “principal chain” or “spinal cord”) consists of two or more stocks together with one or more flows. Inventory supplier
Inventory reseller
delivery
• There are two rules, which guide the way that nouns and verbs can be put together.
Constructing Sentences Rule 1: Respect the Consistency of Units All the flows arriving or leaving a stock must be in the same unit of measurement as the stock. Peopl e Population
Birth
People per year
Death
People per year
Anger units Anger
Raising
Anger units per minute
Diminishing
Anger units per minute
Constructing Sentences Respect the Consistency of Units: Exercises Use a mental simulation to identify what is wrong with these representations of stocks and flows. 1. “Motivation by increasing salaries” Salary
Motivation
increase
2. “Criminals create fear…” Criminals
Fear
create
Constructing Sentences Rule 2: Respect the laws of conservation All the physical flows come from one place (draining a stock) and end in another place (filling the stock). Applicants
Workers
Contracting
Ex employees
Resigning
In the construction of a model, you must make a conscious decision if you want to conserve a physical flow. It is a decision of the limits of the model.
Virtually all the non-physical come from the air and disappear into the air. Knowledge
Learning
Forgettin
Constructing Sentences Rule 2: Respect the laws of conservation - Examples Name the stocks that could be replaced by the clouds? Patients
a. Admitting patients to the emergency room
leaving the emergency room
Monetary Reserves
b. Profits
Expenditures
Constructing Sentences Respect the laws of conservation: Exercises A map of the transfer of knowledge is drawn below. Do a mental simulation of the process that the map represents. What do you think?
Teacher knowledge
Student knowledge
teaching
Joining Sentences The sentences are joined together when the noun and verb are connected to the verb of another sentence. knowledge
Workers
incorporating
Work
completing
Teachers
contracting
In order to do the combinations, we need a new element of language: the conector
Distinguishing two ways to connect sentences Stock to flow
Flow to Flow
Working
Increasing the skills of teachers knowledge
Workers
incorporating
Work
completing
Teachers
contracting
Distinguishing two ways to connect sentences Below are two representations of the process building strength necessary to split wood. Do a mental simulation of both. Which one is the best representation? Why?
A.
B. Muscle Mass
Building muscle mass
Muscle Mass
Building muscle mass
Split wood
Splitting wood
Split wood
Splitting wood
Introducing Converters Converters mainly operate as adverbs. They modify verbs/flows. Muscle Mass
Whenthey theyare areused used When asadverbs, adverbs,converters converters as functionas as“terms “termsof of function productivity.” productivity.”
Building muscle mass
Split wood
Splitting wood
Muscle mass per piece of wood
Adverbs Advers Verbs
Advers Nouns Verbs
Introducing Converters Convertors also can serve as adjectives, substitutes for stocks or flows, and/or for general uses. Adjective
Substituting for a stock or flow
hunger
Food in the stomaFood in the stomach
Students
General Uses
Variable cost
Self esteem
independence
Self respect
Generic Structures Linear B
B A
A
B
B A
No feedback
A
Generic Structures Exponential Growth B B A
Fraction
Reinforcement
A
Generic Structures Convergence (Adjustment of STOCK) A B
Fraction or Time
Counteract
B
A
Generic Structures Convergence (Adjustment of STOCK) B
G
A
B
A
Difference Fraction Goals
G
Counteract
A B
Related Documents
The Abcs Of Ithink
June 2020 6
The Abcs Of Cpr
December 2019 19
The Abcs Of Erp
June 2020 8
Ithink
October 2019 14
Abcs
May 2020 21