Test K-des 2

Test

K-DES®

N.2 Applied in Birds avoids the decomposition

and allows the preservation of organic matter. www.abc-des.com TO SUMMARIZE: -

Product K-DES® is a 25% water solution that avoids the decomposition and allows the preservation of organic matter, not only when applied by spraying but also when applied by immersion.

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Product K-DES® is a 25% water solution that avoids the decomposition and allows the preservation of organic matter, even after the process of decomposition has already started.

-

Product K-DES® can be reused without reducing its preserving effect, avoids the decomposition and allows the preservation of organic matter.

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When used by spraying, product K-DES® preserves and avoids the decomposition and allows the preservation of organic matter for over 96 hours. The application of a 25% water solution of K-DES® provides the samples with an insect repellent and leaves them soft enough to ease its future treatment and elimination.

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For the reason that K-DES® must be applied by spraying when a farming scope is concerned, and waiting for new tests for this to be confirmed, we can draw the conclusion that bodies can remain for a period of 96 hours without great inconvenience for the environment.

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K-DES® is a nontoxic product, nor ADR, which avoids the decomposition and allows the preservation of organic matter, helping the bio safety of the environment in which it is applied.

http://www.abc-des.com/informacioning.htm

®

TEST K-DES II Completed between 26th of May and 7th of June 2006

www.abc-des.com

INDEX Previous notes on the test .................... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. Day 0. Start – 26-05-2006 ................................................................... 3 Day 1 – 27-05-2006............................................................................. 5 Day 2 – 28-05-2006............................................................................. 6 Day 3 – 29-05-2006............................................................................. 9 Day 4 – 30-05-2006........................................................................... 18 Day 5 – 31-05-2006........................................................................... 22 Day 6 – 1-06-2006............................................................................. 26 Day 7 – 02-06-2006........................................................................... 30 Day 8 – 03-06-2006........................................................................... 33 Day 9 – 04-06-2006........................................................................... 36 Day 10 – 05-06-2006......................................................................... 38 Day 11 – 06-06-2006......................................................................... 40 Day 12 – 07-06-2006......................................................................... 42 Statistics summary ............................... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. Conclusions.......................................... ¡Error! Marcador no definido.

Test K-DES® II

0BPrevious notes on the test

Previous notes on the test

Objective The aim is to carry out a study of the application of K-DES® on birds, in order to assess its effect as a disinfectant and preservative of organic matter.

Test conditions Across this document, daily observed conditions are referred to. It can be added up that samples have been maintained in the open air, therefore under the effects of the environment, and subjected to likely flies and insects action, proper of the urban environment in which they were staying. The test took place over a period between 26th of May and 7th of June 2006, in the city of Vigo. It has to be remarked that over this period, we have been under very high temperatures, not proper of the region, nor the time of the year, many times over 35ºC, fact that is important to be noticed, due to the way high temperatures affect to the processes to be observed. For the assessment of the treatment, variables such as appearance, smell, flies and insects presence, were used. All of them are symthoms of decomposition that are not subjective issues anymore, due to the important effects observed as a consequence of K-DES® application. The person in charge of the study, Mr. Javier Chávez, is an expert in embalming, with many years of experience in human and animal corpse handling, which gives him a knowledge to detect small details, proper of organic matter decomposition, which are referred to in this report.

-2-

Test K-DES® II

1BDay 0. Inicio – 26-05-2006

Day 0. Inicio – 26-05-2006 Before the start of the test Now we can see three birds right before the application of K-DES®. The birds were slaughtered after 20 hours, with the application being done at 9,30 pm, having an air temperature of 25ºC, time at which the next pictures were taken. The study consists of three hens, one of them used as a reference sample, which has been given label A. Samples labelled as B and C were sprayed on with a 25% water solution of the product. P5260271

REFERENCE - A

P5260272

SPRAYING – B

P5260273

SPRAYING – C

-3-

Test K-DES® II

1BDay 0. Inicio – 26-05-2006

Start of the test OBSERVATIONS K-DES® is a translucent product, not crystalline, of quick action and with a very particular smell, what allows to differenciate treated from not treated samples, in a secure and easy way.

Application of the product is done in an easy way by pressurized spraying on the bodies to be treated, which easies the adhearence of the product to the body surface, thus getting a high grade of impregnation. As mentioned above, 3 birds were selected, and classified as follows: Sample A was used as a reference sample, not being previously treated. Samples B and C were sprayed on with a 25% water solution of K-DES®. P5260275 SPRAYING – B This is the appearance of the sample after a superficial application was done by spraying with a 25% water solution of K-DES®. P5260276 SPRAYING – C This is the appearance of the sample after a superficial application was done by spraying with a 25% water solution of K-DES®.

-4-

Test K-DES® II

2BDay 1 – 27-05-2006

Day 1 – 27-05-2006 The test was started on 27th may, at 8 pm, having an air temperature of 29ºC, though temperatures around 34ºC were reached across the day. During the first 24 hours, not many changes can be observed just by looking at the sample. However, K-DES® smell can perfectly be perceived in samples B and C. An unpleasant smell can be noticed from hen A. P5270279

REFERENCE - A

P5270280

SPRAYING – B

P5270281

SPRAYING – C

-5-

Test K-DES® II

3BDay 2 – 28-05-2006

Day 2 – 28-05-2006 Day second of tudy. Day 28, at 9 pm, having an air temperature of 30ºC. Temperatures of 34ºC were reached across the day.

Sample A - Reference On this day, important changes can be observed just by looking at it, mainly when smell is concerned. An unpleasant smell is perfectly perceptible in case A, with flies being present. A slight swelling can be observed in the head. It has to be taken into account that, obviously, all along the day, the already mentioned flies have been in contact with the body, with the process of egg-laying being started. This simple fact can represent a big problem in the farming environment, where its proliferation will be much greater and faster than in an urban environment similar to the one in which test took place.

P5280283

REFERENCE - A

-6-

Test K-DES® II

3BDay 2 – 28-05-2006

P5280284

REFERENCE - A It shows the presence of flies.

We can see the flies and the head swelling in sample A.

-7-

Test K-DES® II

3BDay 2 – 28-05-2006

Samples B and C- Spraying As for the cases B and C, K-DES® smell is still perceptible and, just by looking at them, no great changes can be observed. As it can be observed from the next pictures, the colour of the plumage of samples that have been treated with K-DES® is slightly clearer than sample A’s and at this moment, flies are not around, despite they are two metres away from sample A, aproximately. The fact that insects are not closer is because of K-DES® repellent effect, what shows that, if K-DES® is applied, the presence of outer agents contributing to the putrefaction process is avoided, for instance flies. P5280286

SPRAYING - B

P5280287

SPRAYING - C

-8-

Test K-DES® II

4BDay 3 – 29-05-2006

Day 3 – 29-05-2006 After 17 hours Third day of study. On day 29, these first pictures have been taken after 17 hours, on an air temperature of 34ºC. Even higher temperatures have been reached across the day.

Sample A - Control Due to the fact that a remarkable deterioration was observed in sample A on the day before, we decided to carry out a tighter vigilance on it, in order to intervene if necessary. So data takes were done earlier. Sample A smell, 69 hours after the slaughter, is nauseating and the swelling is notable. Besides, we observe another sign of decomposition, say dehydration. Therefore we can draw the conclusion that the body is in an advanced stage of postmortem processes. Several signs, as eye movement, allow us to claim the presence of larvae inside the animal. P5290024

REFERENCE - A

-9-

Test K-DES® II

4BDay 3 – 29-05-2006

P5290025

REFERENCE - A

We can see the swelling in sample A, and the process of dehydration, since the damp which is seen on the carton comes from the inside of the body.

- 10 -

Test K-DES® II

4BDay 3 – 29-05-2006

Samples B and C- Spraying In cases B and C, the smell of decomposition starts to be perceptible, though slight. However, swelling is minimal, as it can be seen in case B, where it can be observed around the eye. In case C, a slight swelling can be observed in the body. The pictures below show these differences: P5290028

SPRAYING - B

P5290029

SPRAYING - B

- 11 -

Test K-DES® II

4BDay 3 – 29-05-2006

P5290030

SPRAYING - C

P5290031

SPRAYING - C

It can be observed that, different from sample A, swelling is smaller and outside appearance is in a better state of preservation.

- 12 -

Test K-DES® II

4BDay 3 – 29-05-2006

Sample B – New spraying At this moment, after three days from the start, and right after the check carried out on sample A, we decided to do a new application of K-DES® on sample B, so as to observe its evolution on the next days. Also, we decided to put off the second application of K-DES® on sample C until the moment of the second check of the day (at 9,40 pm), thus checking the differences between the two ways of application.

P5290033

2nd SPRAYING – B

P5290034

2nd SPRAYING - B

- 13 -

Test K-DES® II

4BDay 3 – 29-05-2006

At 9,30 pm Third day of study. Day 29, 9,40 pm, air temperature 25ºC.

Sample A – Reference The pictures show that the swelling process in case A is still on, the smell is very strong, more body fluids can be observed (remember that no application was done on this sample, therefore, fluids observed are no other than the ones corresponding with corpse dehydration). In addition, eye movement can be observed, what indicates that it won’t take long for larvae to come outside.

P5290288

REFERENCE - A

P5290289

REFERENCE - A

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Test K-DES® II

4BDay 3 – 29-05-2006

P5290290

REFERENCE - A

At the moment of doing the second data take of the day, having into account the deterioration of sample A and knowing that, in case of letting the natural process of decomposition go on, the sample should be inmediately removed to avoid the risk of infection, an application of K-DES® was done in order to observe the effect of the product on a body in an advanced stage of decomposition. First result, right after the application of the product, was unpleasant smell reduction. P5290295

REFERENCE - A

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Test K-DES® II

4BDay 3 – 29-05-2006

Sample B - Spraying Case B, on which a second application was done, after 17 hours (69 hours after the slaughter), remains in a right state, no flies or other insects present, nor any signs showing negative changes or deterioration. P5290291

SPRAYING – B

P5290292

SPRAYING – B

- 16 -

Test K-DES® II

4BDay 3 – 29-05-2006

Sample C - Spraying In case C smell is still present, though not strong, and no changes of deterioration of the sample can be observed. There are no flies, nor larvae and the swelling at this moment is small. A second application has also been done in this case, in order to check how long corpses can be kept in a good state with a daily application after three days.

P5290293

2nd SPRAYING – C

P5290297

2nd SPRAYING – C

- 17 -

Test K-DES® II

5BDay 4 – 30-05-2006

Day 4 – 30-05-2006 Fourth day of study. Day 30, data take carried out at 9,30 pm, having an air temperature of 20ºC.

Sample A – Reference In case A, larvae, known to be in the inside due to signs above mentioned, are already present in the outside. Before that, and in order to check the biocidal properties of the product, a new application of K-DES® was done, thus observing how they move quickly to escape the action of the product. P5300298

REFERENCE - A

P5300305

REFERENCE – A

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Test K-DES® II

5BDay 4 – 30-05-2006

P5300299

REFERENCE – A

Deterioration shown by this picture of sample A is noticeable and greater than the other bird’s.

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Test K-DES® II

5BDay 4 – 30-05-2006

Samples B and C - Spraying The state of preservation in cases B and C is good. We can see in the picture that the swelling remains small, as well as the smell is slight, though reduced by the product’s. As it can be observed, after this period of time, corpse phenomena start to show. It has to be remarked that, though flies are around, they don´t land on the body. Another application of K-DES® is done for maintenance. P5300300

SPRAYING – B

P5300301

SPRAYING – B

- 20 -

Test K-DES® II

5BDay 4 – 30-05-2006

P5300306

SPRAYING – B

P5300302

SPRAYING – C

P5300303

SPRAYING – C

P5300309

SPRAYING – C

- 21 -

Test K-DES® II

6BDay 5 – 31-05-2006

Day 5 – 31-05-2006 Fifth day of study. Day 31, it’s 9,30 pm and air temperature is 24ºC.

Sample A – Reference In case A, larvae, as a consequence of K-DES® application, are dead and smell, though still present, is tolerable. P5310310

REFERENCE - A

P5310311

REFERENCE - A

P5310313

REFERENCE - A

- 22 -

Test K-DES® II

6BDay 5 – 31-05-2006

P5310312

REFERENCE - A

It can be observed that larvae coming from the inside of the body has been eliminated as soon as they got in touch with the product remaining on the surface on which the sample was staying.

- 23 -

Test K-DES® II

6BDay 5 – 31-05-2006

Samples B and C - Spraying In cases B and C, we can observe a swelling that is proper of decomposition processes, but smell is not strong and no larvae, nor any other symthom of degradation can be seen. Only a minimal amount of flies is present, and as it ocurred in earlier days, they don´t land on the bodies. Another application of K-DES® was done in order to check how long a bird can be kept in a place without being a health problem for its environment. P5310314

SPRAYING – B

P5310315

SPRAYING – B

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Test K-DES® II

6BDay 5 – 31-05-2006

P5310316

SPRAYING – C

P5310317

SPRAYING – C

- 25 -

Test K-DES® II

7BDay 6 – 1-06-2006

Day 6 – 1-06-2006 Sixth day of study. Day 1, at 9 pm, air temperature is 28ºC, though temperature has reached around 34ºC along the day.

Sample A – Reference In case A, not many changes can be perceived, only smell is perceptible, but tolerable. However, when applying the maintenance product, many larvae started to come out from the inside of the corpse, what indicates that larvae reproduction occurs very fast. After product application, larvae came outside due to the product repellent effect, and died after a few seconds. As well as larvae, a small collection of other necrophagous insects appeared and died almost at once. Besides, it can be observed that, due to K-DES® maintenance dosage, there are no flies around, despite the bird is in an advanced stage of decomposition. Before product application. P6010318

REFERENCE - A

- 26 -

Test K-DES® II

7BDay 6 – 1-06-2006

P6010319

REFERENCE - A

After application. P6010327

REFERENCE - A

P6010325

REFERENCE - A

- 27 -

Test K-DES® II

7BDay 6 – 1-06-2006

Samples B and C - Spraying In cases B and C there are no signs of corpse fauna. Only internal changes from decomposition can be observed, i.e. body swelling. It is due to bacteria proliferation produced by the autolysis phenomenon. Along the process, these bacteria produce gases that stay in the inside of the body, thus causing body swelling. P6010320

SPRAYING – B

P6010321

SPRAYING – B

- 28 -

Test K-DES® II

7BDay 6 – 1-06-2006

P6010322

REFERENCE - C

P6010323

REFERENCE - C

- 29 -

Test K-DES® II

8BDay 7 – 02-06-2006

Day 7 – 02-06-2006 Seventh day of study. Day 2, air temperature is 25ºC, at 8,30 pm, moment showed by the pictures.

Sample A – Reference As it can be seen in next pictures, internal larvae that have been in touch with the product, though many of them, are dead, as well as necrophagous insects. Flies do not come closer to the corpse and smell, though strong, is tolerable. Having into account the state of deterioration of the sample and once the effect of the product K-DES® over a body in an advanced stage of decomposition has been shown, it was decided not to do any other application and to remove the sample from the study. P6020329

REFERENCE - A

P6020330

REFERENCE - A

- 30 -

Test K-DES® II

8BDay 7 – 02-06-2006

Samples B and C- Spraying Cases B and C remain in a good state with no signs of corpse fauna. A slight unpleasant smell is perceived, though reduced by the application of K-DES®. P6020331

SPRAYING – B

P6020332

SPRAYING – B

P6020334

SPRAYING – C

- 31 -

Test K-DES® II

8BDay 7 – 02-06-2006

P6020333

SPRAYING – C

- 32 -

Test K-DES® II

9BDay 8 – 03-06-2006

Day 8 – 03-06-2006 Eighth day of study. Day 3, pictures were taken at 10,15 pm, having an air temperature of 22ºC. As well as in earlier days, temperature has been high along the day.

Sample A – Reference Sample A has been removed.

Samples B and C – Spraying Smell in cases B and C is still slight, corpse fauna is now present in a small amount and only in the cloaca zone, in sample B. Unlike larvae observed in sample A, these are small, in a small quantity, and no necrophagous insects can be seen. Anyway, after all these days, it could be said that samples remain in a good state and not causing any problem to its environment, since the presence of insects and flies is very scarce and, as well as in earlier days, they don’t land on the samples. P6030335

SPRAYING – B

- 33 -

Test K-DES® II

9BDay 8 – 03-06-2006

P6030338

SPRAYING – B Picture of the cloaca.

It can be observed that the size of dead larvae is very small (unlike ones in picture of page 23) after getting in touch with the product, no presence of other necrophagous insects being perceived, despite the few days that have already passed.

Sample A – Reference (page 23).

- 34 -

Test K-DES® II

9BDay 8 – 03-06-2006

P6030340

SPRAYING – C

P6030339

SPRAYING – C

- 35 -

Test K-DES® II

10BDay 9 – 04-06-2006

Day 9 – 04-06-2006 Ninth day of study. Day 4, pictures taken at 10 pm, having an air temperature of 22ºC. Very high temperature along the day, close to 30ºC.

Sample B and C – Spraying With the aim of checking how long the samples can be kept, it was decided not to do any other application of K-DES®, so as to check the efficiency of the remaining product stuck to the body. After 9 days from the start of the test, smell of putrefaction is still slight and larvae amount is still minimal in the cloaca zone. The amount of present flies is scarce. They fly around the samples rather than land on them. It must be remarked that, though in case B there are small larvae in the cloaca zone, no corpse fauna can be observed in sample C, bearing in mind that the second application of K-DES® in sample C was made four hours afterwards than in sample B. This may be caused by the difference existing between beings and individuals when K-DES® application is concerned. Humidity that can be observed in the attached pictures has not been caused by any application of K-DES®, but by corpse dehydration itself, as it can be clearly seen. P6040341

SPRAYING – B

- 36 -

Test K-DES® II

10BDay 9 – 04-06-2006

P6040342

SPRAYING – B

P6040343

SPRAYING – C

P6040344

SPRAYING – C

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Test K-DES® II

11BDay 10 – 05-06-2006

Day 10 – 05-06-2006 Tenth day of study. Day 5, pictures were taken at 9 pm, having an air temperature of 23ºC and day temperature reached over 30ºC.

Samples B and C – Spraying Despite the time that has already past, samples are still in a good state, after 48 hours from the last application of the product. Unpleasant smell is still slight in both samples, larvae amount is still minimal in the cloaca zone in case B, not being present in case C. Flies amount, as in earlier days, is scarce, they don´t land on the surface but are around the bodies.

P6050345

SPRAYING – B

P6050346

SPRAYING – B

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Test K-DES® II

11BDay 10 – 05-06-2006

P6050347

SPRAYING – C

P6050348

SPRAYING – C

- 39 -

Test K-DES® II

12BDay 11 – 06-06-2006

Day 11 – 06-06-2006 Eleventh day of study. Day 6, pictures were taken at 9,20 pm. Air temperature is 28ºC and day temperatures have been close to 35ºC.

Samples B and C – Spraying Next pictures were taken after 72 hours from the application of K-DES®. No outstanding changes can be observed, with measurements being the same as in the last days, i.e a slight smell perfectly tolerable, though in this case, no larvae nor flies or insects can be observed around any of the samples.

P6060349

SPRAYING – B

P6060350

SPRAYING – B

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Test K-DES® II

12BDay 11 – 06-06-2006

P6060351

SPRAYING – C

P6060352

SPRAYING – C

- 41 -

Test K-DES® II

13BDay 12 – 07-06-2006

Day 12 – 07-06-2006 Twelveth day of study. Day 7, measurement take was done at 6,20 pm on an air temperature of 28ºC and, as well as in last days, temperatures along the day reached over 35ºC.

Sample B and C – Spraying After 12 days of test, and with no other application of the product, it can be observed that the samples are in a good state of preservation, with a slight smell, perfectly tolerable, and in a high stage of dehydration. However, larvae are not to be seen in the outside, and the amount of flies near the corpses is minimal.

P6070353

SPRAYING – B

P6070354

SPRAYING – B

- 42 -

Test K-DES® II

13BDay 12 – 07-06-2006

P6070355

SPRAYING – C

P6070356

SPRAYING – C

- 43 -

Test K-DES® II

14BStatistical Summary

Statistical Summary Now, a chart summary of observations done by the expert, is shown. Temperatures 1

Day T at data take instant(ºC) Maximum T (ºC)

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

29 30

25

20

24

28

25

22

22

23

28

28

34 34

34

32

33

34

34

32

30

30

35

35

Gráfica de Temperatura 40 Grados Centígrados

35 30 25 Hora toma datos

20

Máxima

15 10 5 0 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

Días

Note: It has to be remarked that temperature in Galicia on these dates were affected by the irruption of a strong Saharian air current, having temperatures that are not common for the days on which the test was carried out nor for the region. On the other hand, it has to be noticed that the birds were left in the open air, on the upper part of a building, on terraces exposed to an intense insolation, what caused that temperatures might have been higher than the ones referred to in this document, which are the ones officially registered.

- 44 -

Test K-DES® II

14BStatistical Summary

Smell Evaluation of registered data: 0 Proper smell of product K-DES®. 5 Unpleasant smell due to decomposition processes. 10 Unbearable smell due to decomposition processes.

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

Sample A

5

8

10

3

5

5

5

Sample B

0

0

1

1

1

1

1

1

2

3

4

5

Sample C

0

0

1

1

1

1

1

1

2

3

4

5

Gráfica de Olor 12

Intensidad

10 8

Muestra A

6

Muestra B Muestra C

4 2 0 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

Días

Note: It must be recalled that, an application of K-DES® was done on sample A on the fourth day, due to its bad state, in order to check its effect once the sample was in an advanced stage of decomposition.

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Test K-DES® II

14BStatistical Summary

Presence of external insects (flies and others) Evaluation of registered data: 0 no insects. 5 considerable amount of insects. 10 many insects.

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

Sample A

3

8

10

1

1

1

1

Sample B

0

0

0

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

2

3

Sample C

0

0

0

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

2

3

Gráfica de Presencia de Insectos Externos 12

Intensidad

10 8

Muestra A Muestra B

6

Muestra C

4 2 0 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

Días

Note: It must be recalled that, an application of K-DES® was done on sample A on the fourth day, due to its bad state, in order to check its effect once the sample was in an advanced stage of decomposition.

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Test K-DES® II

14BStatistical Summary

Presence of internal insects (larvae and necrophagous) Evaluation of registered data: 0 no larvae and/or necrophagous insects. 5 considerable amount of larvae and/or necrophagous insects. 10 many larvae and/or necrophagous insects.

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

Sample A

0

3

5

6

7

8

9

Sample B

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

1

1

0

0

Sample C

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Intensidad

Gráfica de Insectos Internos 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Muestra A Muestra B Muestra C

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

Días

Note: it must be recalled that, larvae and necrophagous insects that were observed, died once in touch with K-DES®.

- 47 -

Test K-DES® II

14BStatistical Summary

Other signs of decomposition Swelling Evaluation of registered data: 0 no body swelling due to decomposition processes. 5 moderate body swelling due to decomposition processes. 10 big body swelling due to decomposition processes.

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

Sample A

3

5

9

9

9

9

9

Sample B

0

0

1

1

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

Sample C

0

0

1

2

3

3

3

4

4

4

4

4

Intensidad

Gráfica de Hinchazón 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Muestra A Muestra B Muestra C

1

2

3

4

5

6

7 Días

- 48 -

8

9

10

11

12

Test K-DES® II

14BStatistical Summary

Dehydration Evaluation of registered data: 0 no body dehydration due to decomoposition processes. 5 moderate grade of body dehydration due to decomposition processes. 10 high grade of body dehydration due to decomposition processes.

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

Sample A

0

1

5

6

7

8

9

Sample B

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

2

2

3

Sample C

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

2

2

3

Intensidad

Gráfica de Deshidratación 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Muestra A Muestra B Muestra C

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

Días

Note: It must be recalled that no new applications of K-DES® were done on samples B and C after ninth day inclusive.

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Test K-DES® II

15BConclusions

Conclusions -

The effect of the application of K-DES® by spraying a 25% water solution, reduces unpleasant smell, proper of organic matter putrefaction

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The effect of the application of K-DES® by spraying a 25% water solution, reduces the amount and size of larvae and necrophagous insects, proper of internal decomposition of animal corpses.

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The effect of the application of K-DES® by spraying a 25% water solution, reduces body swelling, proper of body putrefaction.

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The effect of the application of K-DES® by spraying a 25% water solution, reduces body dehydration, proper of animal corpses putrefaction.

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As a summary of all the above mentioned, we must draw the conclusion that product K-DES® in a 25% water solution, causes the effect of preventing decomposition of organic matter once it has been applied by spraying, thus slowing down the process.

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Product K-DES® in a 25% water solution causes the effect of stopping the process of decomposition of organic matter, even when it is in an advanced stage.

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The application of a 25% water solution of K-DES® causes a repellent effect against flies and insects, providing the bodies with protection against external agents action, what can intervene in the process of putrefaction of organic matter.

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Product K-DES®, in a 25% water solution, if applied by spraying, preserves and prevents organic matter from decomposition for a period of over 96 hours.

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Test K-DES® II

15BConclusions

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Since the application of K-DES® in the farming scope will be done by spraying, and waiting for new tests to confirm that, we can draw the conclusion that bodies can be kept in a good state for a period of over 96 hours, without being a great inconvenience for the environment.

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The repellent effect of K-DES® avoids that flies land on the corpses and the process of egg-laying, as well as it prevents them from being a vehicle of infection.

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Apart from the repellent effect of K-DES®, it also acts as a biocide against larvae resulting from putrefaction, and eliminates them as soon as they come outside.

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On the other hand we can draw the conclusion that if applied in the way it has been done through this test, it means an alteration to corpse fauna development. Although this development at an internal level cannot be avoided, it has been modified and reduced, (having a smaller amount of larvae with a smaller size). This phenomenon might be caused due to the impossibility of larvae coming outside, because of the repellent and biocidal effect of the product, or due to the alterations caused by the product at an external level, which are transmitted to the interior of the corpse, thus changing internal conditions.

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These results have been achieved from a reduced number of birds, but if extrapolated to an exploitation with a bigger number of corpses, we reckon that flies and insects would act much sooner and with a greater intensity, thus accelerating the process of putrefaction, mainly in individuals that have not been treated with K-DES® and so making the differences clearer to observation.

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So, we could draw the conclusion that, still more tests to be done that confirm these results, the applicaiton of a 25% water solution of K-DES® by spraying on an animal corpse after its death, and repeating the application every 48 hours, would slow down the processes of putrefaction and decomposition for a period of over 96 hours, without causing unpleasant or harmful effects in the environment where the corpse is being preserved, thus avoiding the - 51 -

Test K-DES® II

15BConclusions

spreading of contagious illnesses and keeping a cleaner and more hygienic environment.

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