Telugu Jathi Vivakum.pdf

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"åK«ã¨Êu, _®II ÔH. ‰õΩã¨∞=∂Ô~_ç¤

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ã¨OHõÅ#O :

_®II LO_ÕÅ =∂Å H˘O_®Ô~_ç¤ Ñ¨i+¨¯~°Î :

"åK«ã¨Êu, _®II ÔH. ‰õΩã¨∞=∂Ô~_ç¤ Co-ordinator, RGUKT

i=Óº Hõq∞\© ã¨É∞íè ºÅ∞ : „á⁄ÃѶã¨~ü, \˜. H˜+¨<£~å=Ù, L™ê‡xÜ«∂ Ü«¸x=iû\˜ „á⁄ÃѶã¨~ü, \˜. [Ü«∞ =∞<ÀǨÏ~ü, Ñ≤.Zãπ. `≥Å∞QÆ∞ Ü«¸x=iû\˜ Translated by :

Seshavalli Sundararamaiah, Lecturer, Dept. of English, Retd. Principal, Queen Mary's Junior College, Hyderabad.

ã¨ÇϨ HÍ~°O :

Ñ≤. NÅH©; „Ѩã¨#fl (qÉèÏ) ã≤.W.\˜.ZÖò.Zãπ., \ „ Ñ ˜ Ù¨ Öò S\˜, Ç Ã Ï· ^Œ~åÉÏ^Œ∞

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il¢™êì~ü, ~år"£ QÍOnè "≥·*Ï˝xHõ ™êOˆHuHõ qâ◊fiq^•ºÅÜ«∞O ã ¿ \ ì ò H“xûÖò PѶπ ǨÏÜ«∞º~ü Z_»∞ºˆH+¨<,£ =∂ã¨É\ ò ϺOH±, =∞Ǩg~ü Ǩã≤Ê@Öò Z^Œ∞~°∞QÍ, Ç Ã Ï· ^Œ~åÉÏ^Œ∞ – 500 028 =Ú„^} Œ :

K«O„^Œ „QÍѶ≤H±û Zãπ.P~ü.\˜ – 12, q^•º#QÆ~,ü Ç Ã Ï· ^Œ~åÉÏ^£. á¶È<£ : 9866661485 ii

Chancellor, Rajiv Gandhi University of Knowledge Technologies Chairman, IIIT, Hyderabad

Dr. Raj Reddy Professor, Mozah Bint University & Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburg PA, USA

PREFACE

During my annual visits to India over the years, I had occasion to meet students, professsionals and managers of IT companies. Invariably, I was chagrined to find that almost none of them was familiar or comfortable with the culture and wisdom of Telugu - speaking people. They were not aware of many of the classic works in Telugu, the famous poets, or the history of our land. I discovered that the primary culprit is our educational system. Any aspiring engineering or medical student is immediately channeled in to a specialized curriculum which essentially banishes humanities and social science subjects from the syllabus. Thus, some of our brightest students are never exposed to our culture, literature, geography and history, which is unfortunate. I was reminded of the starting paragraphs of Niiti Chandrika which states that an uneducated person might as well be viewed as a blind person because they have been denied the obvious lessons of life that are contained in our literature. Recently, I was fortunate to be given an opportunity to help define the curriculum of a new university established by the AP Government, named Rajiv Gandhi University of Knowledge Technologies for educating gifted rural youth. This university offers a six year integrated progarm after the tenth class leading to a dual degree in IT and Engineering related subjects. This provided a unique opportunity to redefine the curriculum away from the early specialization that is usually the norm in the 11th and 12th class pre-university subjects and to provide all the students with a strong exposure to the Telugu Culture.

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I was priveleged to have known Professor Malakonda Reddy, founder of Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology, since our college days. Besides being an outstanding engineer, he is also a distinguished author and poet of Telugu literature. I requested him to create a first-year syllabus consisting of "pearls of Wisdom" from the literature of Telugu people. He graciously agreed and this book is the result of his deep understanding and knowledge of our culture. The book is organized so that each page contains one poem or a statement from historical works of Telugu literature. On each page, Professor Malakonda Reddy provides the meaning and a commentary of how the statement continues to be valid in our lives. Every student at Rajiv Gandhi University must complete a course of study in Telugu literature involving these "Pearls of Wisdom". Not only do they have to participate in the discussion of the meaning and implications of each of these statements during class but they are also expected to be able to recite some of these at the end of each week and month as part of their course evaluation. If they fail to recall at least 90% of the works during the examination, they must re-take the exam the following week and continue until such time they can demonstrate 90% mastery. It is my fervent hope that these "Pearls of Wisdom" will provide our future generations guidance to navigate through the trials and tribulations of life, or as they say in our culture, "Samsara Sagaram".

RAJ REDDY September 18, 2008 (www.rr.cs.cmu.edu)

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W@∞¡

~å*òÔ~_ç¤ ÃãÃÑOì |~ü 18, 2008

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Ph.D. (Strucl.Engg.) Edinburg 'Bala Saraswati', ' Kavi Kiriti', 'Vidya Bhushan'

Phones : Res : 040-23399188 Off : 040-23214674 Telefax : 040-27633300/23243127

Secretary/President A.P. Private Engineering Colleges Managements Association AV College Campus, Gaganmahal Hyderabad - 500 029. A.P.

Founder Principal / Secretary Former Chairman / Advisor Chaitanya Bharati Institute of Technology (CBIT) Gandipet, Hyderabad - 500 075

President Federation of Associations of Managements of Unaided Professional Educational Institutions in India

Chairman Management Committee Mediciti Institute of Medical Sciences Ghanpur, Medchal Mandal, R.R. Dist., A.P.

Dr. V. Malakonda Reddy

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`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu K«i„`« ~Ô O_»∞"ÕÅ ã¨O=`«û~åÅÃÑ· =∂>Ë. `≥Å∞QÆ∞Ö’ `˘e Ѩ^ºŒ HÍ=ºO ~°zOѨ|_çOk "≥~Úº ã¨O=`«û~åʼnõΩ =ÚO^Õ. ã¨O㨯 $`«OÖ’ =Ù#fl N=∞„^•=∂Ü«∞}O, N=∞^•O„^èŒ ÉèÏ~°`O« , N=∞^•O„^èŒ ÉèÏQÆ=`«O ÖÏO\˜ áœ~å}˜Hõ „QÆO^ä•Å J#∞"å^ŒO`À áê@∞, „Ѩ|O^èŒ HÍ"åºÅ∞, hu â◊`H« ÍÅ∞, YO_» HÍ"åºÅ∞, =K«# ~°K#« Å∞ Z<Àfl ã¨fi`«O„`«OQÍ ~°zOѨ|_ç, `≥Å∞QÆ∞ ™êÇ≤Ï`åºxH˜ =<≥fl ^≥KåÛ~Ú. D „QÆO^ä•ÅÖ’ „Ѩ^•è #OQÍ hu â◊`H« ÍÅÖ’ `≥Å∞QÆ∞*Ïu q"ÕHOõ „Ѩã∞¨ Êù@=∞ø`«∞Ok. Z<Àfl â◊`«HÍÅÖ’x Ѩ^•ºÅ∞, "Õ=∞# Ѩ^•ºÅ∞, Éèí~°Î $ǨÏi ã¨∞ÉèÏ+≤`åÅ∞ ZO`À =∞OkH˜ HõO~îã° O÷¨ . Wk „Hõ=∞OQÍ `«yáæ È`«∞#flk. HÍ~°}O <Õ\ ˜ q^•ºq^è•#OÖ’ ÃÑ· „QÆO^ä•Å∞ áê~îåºOâßÅ∞QÍ ÖËHáõ È=_»"∞Õ . JO^Œ∞=Å¡ "Õ∞^è•=ÙÖˇ#· ZO^Œ~À q^•º~°∞Å÷ ‰õΩ, =∞# ™êÇ≤Ï`«ºOÃÑ· ã¨O㨯 $uÃÑ· J=QÍǨÏ# ÖˉΩõ O_® áÈ`«∞#flk. Wk ^Œ∞~°^$Œ +¨Hì ~õ O° . D Ѩiã≤u÷ x K«H¯õ k^•ÌÅx, ZO^Œ~À =∂`«$ÉèÏëêaè=∂#∞Å∞ „ѨÜ∞« uflã¨∞<Î åfl~°∞. D =∂ zxfl „ѨÜ∞« `«flO JO^Œ∞Ö’ ÉèÏQÆ"∞Õ . W\©=Å J"≥∞iHÍÖ’ Ñ≤@∞û|~°∞Öæ ’ HÍsflw "≥∞Ö¡<£ Ü«¸x=iû\©Ö’ PKå~°∞ºÅ∞QÍ =Ù#fl _®. ~å*ò~Ô _ç¤ QÍ~°∞ ~år"£QÍOnè <åÖˇ_˚ç >ˇHÍflÅr qâ◊fiq^•ºÅÜ«∂xH˜ Kèå#ûÅ~üQÍ xÜ«∞q∞OѨ|_®¤~°∞. PÜ«∞#‰õΩ `≥Å∞QÆ∞ ™êÇ≤Ï`«ºOÃÑ·, `≥Å∞QÆ∞ ã¨O㨯 $uÃÑ· JѨiq∞`«"∞≥ #ÿ Jaè=∂#O. ÃÑ· qâ◊fiq^•ºÅÜ«∞OÖ’ „Ѩ"âÕ Ã◊ Ñ@ì|_»¤ Pˆ~O_»¡ WO[hiOQÆ∞ HÀ~°∞ûÖ’ WO@s‡_çÜ∞« \ò "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ ã¨O=`«û~°OÖ’ `≥Å∞QÆ∞ ™êÇ≤Ï`«ºOÖ’x hu^è~Œ ‡° Ö’HÀ‰õΩeÎ fl áê~îåºOâ◊OQÍ KÕÜ∂« Åx "å~°∞ x~°~‚ ÚOK«_O» [iyOk. D ã¨O^Œ~ƒ° Où QÍ „Ѩã∞¨ `Î « â◊`åaÌH˜ J#∞QÆ∞}OQÍ =ÙO_Õ `≥Å∞QÆ∞ ™êÇ≤Ï`«ºOÖ’x hu^èŒ~°‡ Ö’HÀ‰õΩÎefl, '`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHõO— ¿Ñ~°∞`À ã¨OHõÅ#O

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KÕÜ∞« =Åã≤OkQÍ _®II ~å*ò~Ô _ç¤ QÍ~°∞ ##∞fl HÀ~å~°∞. "å~°∞ KÕã#≤ ã¨∂K«#Å#∞ J#∞ã¨iOz `≥Å∞QÆ∞ ™êÇ≤Ï`«ºOÖ’x â◊`H« ÍÅ #∞O_ç, ~Ú`«~° „QÆO^ä•Å #∞O_ç, <å ~°K#« Å #∞O_ç, hu K«O„kHõ #∞O_ç H˘xfl Ѩ^•ºÅ#∞, =K«<åÅ#∞ Ui, D „QÆO^äOŒ Ö’ KÕ~åÛ#∞. ã¨OH˜ÑΔ OΨ QÍ JO^Œe ÉèÏ"åÅ#∞, hux ~ÚO^Œ∞Ö’ á⁄O^Œ∞ѨiKå#∞. ÃÑ· Ѩ^•ºÅÖ’, =K«<åÅÖ’ =ºHõÑÎ i¨ z# ÉèÏ"åÅ∞ PÜ«∂ Hõ=ÙÅ∞, ~°K~« Ú`«Åq =∂„`«"∞Õ . ã¨=∂[OÖ’x, U =∞`åxfl QÍx, =~åæxfl QÍx ^Œ$+≤Öì ’ ÃÑ@∞ìH˘x D ã¨OHõÅ<åxfl ‰õÄ~°Û_»O [~°QÖÆ ^Ë ∞Œ . WO^Œe h`«∞Å∞, ^è~Œ å‡Å∞ ã¨~fi° ^ÕâßʼnõΩ, ã¨~fi° HÍÖÏʼnõΩ ã¨=∞‡`«OQÍ =ÙO_®Åx, =ÙO\ÏÜ«∞x <Õ#∞ ÉèÏqã¨∞<Î åfl#∞. D „QÆO^äOŒ Ö’x hu ^è~Œ ‡° Ö’HÀ‰õΩÅÎ ∞, ÉèÏqÉèÏ~°`« áœ~°∞Öˇ#· =∞# q^•º~°∞Å÷ ‰õΩ =∞# `≥Å∞QÆ∞ ã¨O㨯 $uÃÑ· J=QÍǨÏ# HõeOæ z, "åix L`«=Î ∞ áœ~°∞Å∞QÍ fiÛk^ŒQÌ ÅÆ =x qâ◊fiã≤ã∞¨ <Î åfl#∞. Hˆ O„^Œ „ѨÉ∞íè `«fiO "å~°∞ `≥Å∞QÆ∞ÉèÏ+¨‰Ωõ „áêp# „ѨuѨuxÎ W\©=Å HõeÊOKå~°∞. Wk `≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu QÆifiOK«^yŒ # q+¨Ü∞« O. Hˆ =ÅO „áêp# „ѨuѨu`Î À =∞#O ã¨O`«$Ñ≤ΠѨ_‰» Äõ _»^∞Œ . `≥Å∞QÆ∞ÉèÏ+¨‰Ωõ P^è∞Œ xHõ „ѨuѨuxÎ HõeÊOK«=Åã≤ =ÙOk. JO^Œ∞‰õΩ D „QÆO^ä•xfl „Ѩ^=Œä ∞ „ѨÜ∞« `«flOQÍ ÉèÏqOK«_O» Juâ◊Ü∂≥ H˜Î HÍ^Œ∞. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë ™êOˆHuHõ q^•º~°∞Å÷ ∞ „ѨÑO¨ K«=∞O`å qã¨iÎ ã¨∞#Î fl D ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’ D ѨÙã¨HÎ Oõ "åiH˜ áê~ „QÆO^äOŒ QÍ KÕÜ∞« @OÖ’ Bz`«º=ÚOk. ™êOˆHuHõ q^•º~°∞Å÷ ∞ `å=Ú ri‚OK«∞H˘#fl `≥Å∞QÆ∞*Ïu q"ÕHÍxfl „ѨÑO¨ KåxHõO`å ѨOK«QÅÆ ~°x Pt™êÎO.

– LO_ÕÅ =∂ÅH˘O_® ~Ô _ç¤

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Z=~°#∞H˘<åfls `≥Å∞QÆ∞"å_»∞ ~°K#« : _®II LO_ÕÅ =∂ÅH˘O_®Ô~_ç¤ Z=~°#∞ H˘<åfls `≥Å∞QÆ∞"å_»∞ Z^Œ∞~°∞ÖËHõ k#k#O Z^Œ∞QÆ∞"å_»∞ P"Õâ◊O J`«x QÆ∞~°∞Î JÉèí∞º^ŒÜ«∞O J`«x ™⁄`«∞Î JdÅ ^Õâ◊ "Õ∞^è•x^èŒ∞ÅO^Œi`À J`«x á⁄`«∞Î

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ "å_»∞ [QÆ=∞O`å <Õ_»∞ "≥Å∞QÆ∞K«∞#fl"å_»∞ WO\Ï |Ü«∞\Ï Ñ¨^•~°∞ HÀ@¡ |ÅQÆ=Ú#fl"å_»∞ `≥Å∞QÆ∞ÖˇÅ¡ XHõ¯ „`å\˜ÃÑ· #_çz# "å_»∞ ÉèÏ~°`åxfl UHõOQÍ áêeOKÕ"å_»∞ J#∞H˘#flk ™êkèOѨH,õ "≥#∞k~°QxÆ "å_»∞ J#∞Hõ} Δ O #"À^ŒÜ∞« O PtOKÕ"å_»∞

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ <ÕÅÖ’ Hõeq∞ =ÙOk, `≥Å∞QÆ∞ Ü«Ú=`«Ö’ |eq∞ =ÙOk `≥Å∞QÆ∞ ѨÅ∞‰õΩÖ’ `Õ<≥ =ÙOk, `≥Å∞QÆ∞ "≥∞^Œ_»∞Ö’ `≥eq =ÙOk `≥Å∞QÆ∞ Hõà◊ÅÖ’ `«à◊√‰õΩ =ÙOk, `≥Å∞QÆ∞ #_»HõÖ’ ™⁄QÆã¨∞ =ÙOk `≥eqH˜ |eq∞ `À_≥·`Õ, ѨÅ∞‰õΩÅ∞ KÕ`«Å∞ XHõ>ˇÿ`Õ `≥Å∞QÆ∞ʼnõΩ ÖËx^Õ=ÚOk! JxflO@ [Ü«∞"Õ∞=ÚOk!

– ã¨`º« O t=O ã¨∞O^Œ~O°

ix

q+¨Ü∞« ã¨∂zHõ ѨÙ@Å∞ Ѩ^ºŒ ÉèÏQÆO 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.

^èŒ~°‡Ñ¨^Œúu hu Ѩ^uúŒ q"ÕHõ Ѩ^uúŒ HÍ~°º™ê^èHŒ õ Ѩ^uúŒ q^Œfi`ü Ѩ^uúŒ ã¨[#˚ Ѩ^uúŒ ™êfi~°÷ Ѩ^uúŒ J~°÷ Ѩ^uúŒ JkèHÍ~° Ѩ^uúŒ =¸~°ö Ѩ^uúŒ ^Œ∞~°#˚ Ѩ^uúŒ Ö’Hõ ã¨fiÉèÏ= Ѩ^uúŒ JÇ≤ÏO™ê Ѩ^uúŒ "Õ^•O`« Ѩ^uúŒ

03-13 14-23 24-35 36-39 40-44 45-49 50-52 53-58 59-61 62-68 69-85 86-127 128-130 131-136

QÆ^ºŒ ÉèÏQÆO 15. ã¨OѨÓ~°‚ hu K«O„kHõ – hu ã¨∂‰õΩÅÎ ∞ 16. PO„^è^Œ âÕ =◊ Ú – ѨÓ~°fi HÍÅѨ٠¿Ñ~°∞¡ – =∞O_»Å=ÚÅ∞ 17. K«^∞Œ =Ù (Hõ^•ä xHõ)

139-154 155-161 162-167

"åºHõ~°}O 18. KèO« ^Œã∞¨ û : K«OѨH=õ ∂Å, L`«ÊÅ=∂Å, âß~°∂ÅÌ O, =∞`ÕÉÎ Oíè , P@"≥Åk, `Õ@wu, HõO^ŒO, ã‘ãO¨ 19. JÅOHÍ~åÅ∞ : LѨ=∞, L„`ÕÊHõ,Δ ~°∂ѨHOõ , Juâ◊Ü∂≥ H˜,Î ã¨fiÉèÏ"ÀH˜,Î J~å÷O`«~<° åºã¨O ã¨O„ѨkOK«∞ „QÆO^ä•Å∞

171-185

186-189 190

x

Ѩ^Œº ÉèÏQÆO

2

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

1. ^èŒ~°‡ Ѩ^Œúu 1.

Lifi"åiÔHÅ¡ <˘Hõ¯ HõOK«=Úɡ\ ì˜ á⁄`«∞Î QÆ∞_çÑ≤, ‰õΩÅ=Ú á⁄ÅÜ«∞*Ëã≤ `«Å#∞ KÕ~ÚÃÑ\˜ì `«Q#Æ =∞‡*ˇÑʨ ~À qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞!

ÉèÏ=O : =∂#=ÙÅO`å XHõ¯>Ë. ^•xH˜ =∞~˘Hõ ¿Ñ~°∞ =ã¨∞^èH·≥ õ ‰õΩ@∞O|O. HÍx Ѩ~㰠ʨ ~°O =∂#=ÙÅ∞ *Ïu =∞`« ÉèÏëê „áêO`« ‰õΩÅ Éè^Ë •Å`À q_çáÈ~Ú Ñ¨~㰠ʨ ~°O HõÅÇ≤ÏOK«∞H˘O@∞<åfl~°∞. Wk =∂#"åoH˜ „âıÜ∞« 㨯~°O HÍ^Œ∞. JO^Œ∞=Å¡ „ѨÑO¨ K«OÖ’x „Ѩ[ÅO^Œix XHõKÀ@ KÕiÛ, ã¨ÇϨ ѨOH˜Î Éè’[#O U~åÊ@∞ KÕã,≤ ÃÑ· Éè^Ë •Å∞ =∞~°z SHõ=∞`«ºOQÍ rqOK«O_ç Jx Kå\˜OѨ٠"ÕÜ∂« e. hu : =∂#=ÙÅO`å XHõ¯>Ë Jx x~°∂Ñ≤OKåe. J~å÷Å∞ : Lifi ´ Éè∂í q∞† á⁄`«∞Î ´ ¿ãflǨÏO† HõOK«O ´ ѨàO¡‹ , `«@†ì á⁄ÅÜ«∞*Ëã≤ ´ `˘ÅyOz "åºMϺ#O : D<å_»∞ „ѨÑO¨ K«"Ú≥ Hõ z#fl „QÍ=∞OQÍ =∂iáÈ~ÚOk. ^ÕâßÅ ã¨iǨÏ^Œ∞ÅÌ ∞ K≥iyáÈ`«∞<åfl~Ú. =ã¨∞^èH·≥ õ ‰õΩ@∞O|=∞#fl ã¨∂H˜Î x[=∞ø`«∞#flk. *Ïu=∞`« ‰õΩÖÏÅ#∞ x~°∂‡eOz, „ѨÑO¨ K« „Ѩ[ÅHõO`å XHõ HõOK«O ÃÑ\˜,ì ã¨ÇϨ ѨOH˜Î Éè’[#O U~åÊ@∞ KÕã,≤ á⁄`«∞Î HõÅѨ=∞x "Õ=∞#Hõq qâ◊fi=∂#= ™œÇ¨~åÌxfl L^Àƒkèã¨∞Î<åfl_»∞. Meaning: All humanity is one. It has been known as ‘vasudhaika kutumbam’, which means that all human beings on earth belong to one great family. Men often divide themselves on grounds of race, religion, language or caste and quarrel among themselves. This bodes no good to the human race. Hence the poet suggests that entire mankind should gather at one place, eat and make merry together. They have to spread the message that all should remain united and live together happily. Bodes = foretell Moral: All mankind should live in brotherhood. All men should live together as one.

V 2.

HÀѨ=Ú##∞ Ѷ∞¨ #`« H˘OK≥"∞≥ áÿ È=Ù#∞ HÀѨ=Ú##∞ =∞#ã¨∞ ‰õΩO^Œ∞*ˇO^Œ∞ HÀѨ=∞_»K<≥ xÕ HÀiHõb_Õ~∞° qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! `≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

3

ÉèÏ=O : HÀѨO =Å¡, XHõ =ºH˜Î Ü≥ÚHõ¯ Ѷ∞¨ #`« `«yáæ È`«∞Ok. J`«x =∞#ã¨∞û âßOux HÀÖ’Ê`«∞Ok. HÀѨO J}K«∞H˘#fl "å_Õ `«# HÀÔ~¯Å#∞ ã¨Ñb¨¶ Hõ$`«O KÕã∞¨ HÀQÆÅ_»∞. JO^Œ∞=Å¡ HÀáêxfl g∞ ǨÏ^Œ∞ÖÌ ’ ÃÑ@∞ìHÀO_ç. hu : HÀѨO xѨC ÖÏO\˜k. Jk xÅ∞=Ù<å ^ŒÇÏ≤ Oz"Õã∞¨ OÎ k. HÀáêxfl [~Ú¿ãÎ HÀÔ~¯Å∞ <≥~"° ~Õ ∞° `å~Ú. J~å÷Å∞ : Ѷ∞¨ #`« ´ Q˘Ñ¨Ê`«#O† ‰õΩO^Œ∞ ´ kQÆ∞Å∞ "åºMϺ#O : HÀѨO JO@∞"åºkèÖÏO\˜k. Jk h=Ù „Ѩ^iŒ ≈¿ãÎ Ü≥∞^Œ∞\˜"åiH˜ JO@∞H˘O@∞Ok. W^ŒiÌ =∞^躌 Ѷ∞¨ ~°¬} U~°Ê_»∞`«∞Ok. HÀѨO =Å¡ =∞x+≤ Ѷ∞¨ #`« `«yáæ È`«∞Ok. =∞#ã¨∞û âßOux HÀÖ’Ê`«∞Ok. HÀáêxfl J}K«∞H˘#flѨC_Õ HÀiHõÅ∞ <≥~"° ~Õ ∞° `å~Ú. Wk „QÆÇÏ≤ Oz, „Ѩu"å~°∞ HÀáêxfl J^Œ∞ѨÙÖ’ ÃÑ@∞ìHÀ"åe. Meaning: Anger makes man less worthy. Anger causes a person to lose his peace of mind. When one learns to keep his temper under control, he can certainly succeed in his aspirations. Hence temper should always be kept under firm control. Aspiration = Desire, goal Moral: Anger is like a flame, which can cause total destruction. If one can win over anger he is on the road to sure success.

V 3.

K«OѨ^Œy#Ü«∞\˜ì â◊„`«∞=Ù `«# KÕ`« lÔH¯<Õx H©_»∞ ¿ãÜ«∞~å^Œ∞ á⁄ã¨QÆ "Õ∞Å∞ KÕã≤ á⁄=∞‡#∞>Ë Kå=Ù qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞!

ÉèÏ=O : K«OѨ^yŒ # |^Œâú „◊ `«∞"≥<· å, h KÕuH˜ zH˜¯`Õ, J`«xH˜ H©_∞» KÕÜ∞« ‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . ÃÑQ· Í, J`«xH˜ "Õ∞Å∞ KÕã≤ ѨOÑ≤OK«_O» =∞Ozk. JO^Œ∞=Å¡ J`«xÖ’x â◊„`«∞=Ù K«zÛáÈ`å_»∞. J`«_∞» h‰õΩ ¿ãflÇ≤Ï`«∞_Ò`å_»∞. JO^Œ∞=Å¡ h‰õΩ =∞#âß≈Ou Åaèã∞¨ OÎ k. =∞x+≤x HÍ^Œ∞, =∞x+≤Ö’x â◊„`«∞=Ù#∞ K«OѨÙ. hu : â◊„`«∞`åfixfl =∞Oz`«#O`À<Õ [~ÚOKåe. J~å÷Å∞ : á⁄ã¨QÆ ´ `«y#@∞¡ "åºMϺ#O : „ѨÑO¨ K«OÖ’ ã¨∞YâßO`«∞Å∞ ÖˉΩõ O_® áÈ=_®xH˜ HÍ~°}O „Ѩ[Å =∞^躌 q~À^è•Å∞. P q~À^è•Å∞ H˘\Ï¡@ʼnõΩ, ǨÏ`«ºÅ‰õΩ ^•if™êÎ~Ú. ǨÏ`«ºÅ`À ѨQÆ ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. ѨQƉõΩ „ѨfHÍ~°O "≥Ú^ŒÅ=Ù`«∞Ok. nxH˜ JO`«∞ =ÙO_»^∞Œ . HÍ|\˜ì ѨQ#Æ ∞ [~ÚOKåÅO>Ë q~Àkèx HõqΔ ∞Oz, J`«xH˜ "Õ∞Å∞ KÕÜ∂« e. JѨC_»∞ J`«xÖ’ ѨQÆ K«ÖÏ¡i ѨâßÛ`åÎÑO¨ U~°Ê_»∞`«∞Ok. nx=Å¡ ã¨=∂[OÖ’ âßOu U~°Ê_»∞`«∞Ok. Meaning: If a bitter enemy is captured, do not harm or take revenge on him. It is sensible to help him and set him free. It will result in the enmity within him to fade away.

4

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

He can become a grateful well wisher and friend. That is bound to fill the heart with peace. Do not kill a man, kill the enmity in his heart. Moral: Enmity has to be won over with charity and generosity. Forgiveness and generosity are certain to win an enemy over.

V 4.

KåH˜, HÀHõ Å∞uH˜ pH͉õΩ Ñ¨_»*Ëã≤ "≥∞ÿÅ fã≤ Öˇã¨û =∞_çz#@∞¡ |∞kú K≥ѨC"å_»∞ „QÆ∞kÌ`Õ<Õ=∞Ü«∂ qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞!

ÉèÏ=O : KåHõe QÆ∞_»#¤ ∞ |O_»Hˆ ã≤ ÉÏk, =ÚiH˜ =^ŒÅQ˘\˜,ì â◊√„ÉèOí QÍ =∞_»`Å« ∞ ÃÑ\˜ì =∞#HõOk™êÎ_∞» . P q^èOŒ QÍ<Õ q^•º|∞^Œ∞Åú ∞ <Õ~ˆ Ê q+¨Ü∞« OÖ’ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù, t+¨μº}˜‚ tH˜OΔ z<å `«ÑC¨ ÖË^∞Œ . tH˜OΔ K«_O» q^•ºi÷x ÉÏQÆ∞KÕÜ∞« _®xˆH HÍ|\˜,ì t+¨μº_»∞ ^•xx J~°O÷ KÕã∞¨ HÀ"åe. hu : tHõ} Δ Ö’ tHõΔ ‰õÄ_® XHõ Ѩ^uúŒ . J~å÷Å∞ : KåH˜ ´ KåHõe† HÀHõÅ∞ ´ QÆ∞_»Å¤ ∞† "≥∞Åÿ ´ =ÚiH˜ "åºMϺ#O : WHõ¯_» q^•º~°∞Å÷ tHõ} Δ #∞ QÆ∂iÛ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. QÆ∞~°∞t+¨μºÅ ã¨O|O^èOŒ ÉèHí Θ "å`«ûÖϺÅ`À ‰õÄ_ç#k. "å`«ûźOÖ’ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù É’kèOKÕ q+¨Ü∂« Å#∞ t+¨μº_»∞ ÉèHí `Θ À qx, <Õ~∞° ÛH˘x ѨsHõÖΔ ’ LfÎ~∞° _‚ ∞» HÍ"åe. t+¨μº_»∞ J„â◊^QúŒ Í „Ѩ=iοã,Î J`«}‚˜ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù tH˜OΔ K«=Åã≤ =ÙO@∞Ok. P tHõΔ t+¨μºx "Õ∞Å∞ H˘~°Hˆ HÍ|\˜ì JO^Œ∞Ö’ `«ÑC¨ ÖË^∞Œ . L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ KåHõe =ÚiH˜x =keOKÕ Ü«∞`«flOÖ’ |@ìÅ#∞ |O_»Hˆ ã≤ ÉÏ^Œ∞`å_»∞. Jk `«ÑC¨ HÍ^Œ∞ Hõ^•! Meaning: The washer-man washes clothes on the washing stone, beats them hard, cleans them and neatly folds them before handing them over to us. Similarly a true student should realize, that when his teacher is sometimes forced to be harsh to him, he is guiding him on the right path. A teacher’s punishment is meant only as a measure to discipline and steer him to a better life. Steer = guide Moral: Firm discipline is a part of education.

V

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

5

5.

KÕ`«∞ʼnõΩ ^˘_»=Ù ^•#=Ú Éèí∂`«Å<å^äŒ∞ʼnõΩ ^˘_»=Ù ÉÁOHõq∞ ^èŒ~°Ö’ huÜ≥∞ `˘_»""≥ åfiiH˜ <åuH˜ =∂#O|∞ `˘_»=Ù #Ü«∞=ÚQÆ ã¨∞=∞f.

ÉèÏ=O : KÕ`∞« ʼnõΩ JO^ŒO ã¨fi~°‚ HõOHõ}ÏÅ∞ ^èiŒ ¿ãÎ ~å^Œ∞, ^•#O KÕ¿ãÎ =ã¨∞OÎ k. ~åAʼnõΩ ã¨`º« "åHõÊiáêÅ# Éè∂í +¨}=∞ø`«∞Ok. „Ѩu"åiH˜ huQÍ „|`«H_õ "» ∞Õ Éè∂í +¨}O. ¢ãHΑ ˜ `«# =∂<åxfl HÍáê_»∞H˘#_»O Éè∂í +¨}O. W\˜ì ã¨^∞Œ } æ ÏÅ<Õ Éè∂í +¨}ÏÅ∞ ^èiŒ Oz# "åiH˜ ã¨fi~°‚ Éè∂í +¨}ÏÅ∞ J=ã¨~O° ÖË^∞Œ . hu : JO`«~O° QÆ ™œO^Œ~º° "Õ∞ Jã¨Ö#·ˇ ™œO^Œ~º° O. J~å÷Å∞ : `˘_»=Ù ´ ™⁄=Ú‡, #QƆ ÉÁOHõq∞ ´ J|^Œ=ú ∂_»‰Ωõ O_»∞@† Éè∂í `«Å<å^ä∞Œ _»∞ ´ ~åA† <åu ´ ¢ã.Α "åºMϺ#O : â◊s~° ™œO^Œ~º° O HõO>Ë =∞#ã¨∞û Ü≥ÚHõ¯ ™œO^Œ~º° O Q˘Ñ¨Êk. ^•#O KÕÜ∞« @O KÕ`∞« ʼnõΩ ™œO^Œ~º° O. ã¨`º« O ѨÅHõ@O ~åAʼnõΩ ™œO^Œ~º° O. huQÍ „|`«H_õ O» „Ѩu =∂#=ÙxH˜ ™œO^Œ~º° O. =∂# ã¨O~°H} Δõ ¢ãÅΑ ‰õΩ ™œO^Œ~º° O. D ã¨^∞Œ } æ ÏÅ∞ HõÅ"åiH˜ ã¨fi~°‚ Éè∂í +¨}ÏÅ∞ J=ã¨~O° ÖË^∞Œ . Meaning: Rich, golden bracelets do not add beauty to hands. Charity does. Truth and justice add glory to a king. An ethical and a moral life enhance one’s life and make it better. Chastity and honour are precious to a woman. Virtues are far more beautiful ornaments than ornaments of gold. Enhance = increase Chastity = Purity Moral: Inner beauty is true beauty.

V 6.

`«# HÀѨ"≥∞ `«# â◊„`«∞=Ù `«# âßO`«"≥∞ `«#‰õΩ ~°HõΔ, ^ŒÜ«∞ K«∞@ìOÉ∫ `«# ã¨O`À+¨"≥∞ ã¨fi~°æ=Ú `«# ^Œ∞óY=Ú #~°Hõ=∞O„_»∞, `«^䌺=Ú ã¨∞=∞f.

ÉèÏ=O : HÀѨO ÖËx "åxH˜ â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ∞O_»~°∞. J`«x âßO`«"Õ∞ J`«}˜‚ ~°H˜Δã¨∞ÎOk. J`«_»∞ W`«~°∞ÅÃÑ· K«∂Ñ≤OKÕ ^ŒÜ∞« PѨΠ|O^è∞Œ =ÙQÍ `À_»∞O@∞Ok. J`«_∞» ã¨O`À+¨OQÍ =ÙO>Ë, J^Õ ã¨fi~°Oæ . J`«_∞» ^Œ∞óYOÖ’ =Úxy`Õ J^Õ #~°HOõ . hu : ã¨fi~°#æ ~°HÍÅ∞, h =∞#ã¨∞ûÖ’<Õ =Ù<åfl~Ú. "åºMϺ#O : WHõ¯_» Ji+¨_fi» ~åæxfl QÆ∂iÛ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. =∞#ã¨∞ûÖ’ HÍ=∞O, „HÀ^èOŒ , "≥∂ǨÏO, Ö’ÉèOí , =∞^ŒO, =∂`«û~°ºO J<Õ P~°∞QÆ∞~°∞ â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ∞ =Ù<åfl~°∞. P â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ#∞ [~ÚOz#"åiH˜ |Ü«∞@ â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ 6

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

=Å¡ ÉèÜ í ∞« O =ÙO_»^∞Œ . HÀѨO ÖËx "åxH˜ â◊„`«∞ÉèÜ í ∞« O ÖË^∞Œ . âßO`« ã¨fiÉèÏ=ÙxH˜ "Õ~ˆ ~°H} Δõ `À Ѩx ÖË^∞Œ . ǨÏ$^ŒÜ∞« OÖ’ ^ŒÜ∞« QÆÅ"åxH˜ "Õ~ˆ |O^è∞Œ =ÙÅ∞ J=ã¨~O° ÖË^∞Œ . ã¨fi~°æ #~°HÍÅ#flq =∂#=Ùx =∞#ã¨∞ûÖ’<Õ =ÙO\Ï~Ú. =∂#=Ù_»∞ ã¨O`À+¨OQÍ =ÙO_»_"» ∞Õ ã¨fi~°Oæ . ^Œ∞óYOÖ’ =ÚxyáÈ=_»"∞Õ #~°HOõ . Meaning: Anger has always proved to be one’s own enemy. A man of pleasant temperament has no enemies. His calm demeanour protects him. His tolerance and kindness to others remain as his best well-wishers. When he is happy, it is his heaven and his hell when he is sad. Demeanour = manner of conducting one self Moral: Joy of heaven, or pain of hell, is all a matter of the state of mind.

V 7.

#_»∞=‰õΩg∞ `≥~°∞ "˘Hõ¯@ QÆ∞_»∞=‰õΩg∞ â◊„`«∞xO@ QÆ∂iq∞ `À_»<£ =Ú_»∞=‰õΩg∞ Ѩ~^° #Œè =ÚÅ #∞_»∞=‰õΩg∞ Ü≥Ú~°∞Å=∞#ã¨∞ <˘=fiQÆ ã¨∞=∞f.

ÉèÏ=O : XO@iQÍ „ѨÜ∂« }O KÕÜ∞« _»O, q~Àkè ~ÚO\’¡ "≥∞K«∞ÛH˘O@∂ Éè’[#O KÕÜ∞« _»O, Ѩ~∞° Å ^è<Œ åxfl JѨÇϨ iOK«_O» , X~°∞Å =∞#ã¨∞û#∞ <˘Ñ≤ÊOKÕ@@∞¡ =∂\Ï¡__» O» =∞Oz Ѩ^`úŒ ∞« Å∞ HÍ=Ù. hu : X~°∞Å =∞#ã¨∞û#∞ <˘Ñ≤ÊOK«‰Ωõ O_® LO_»_"» ∞Õ x["≥∞#ÿ ã¨O™ê¯~°O. J~å÷Å∞ : `≥~∞° =Ù ´ ^•i† ‰õÄiq∞ ´ „Ñ‘u† =Ú_»=‰õΩ ´ ^˘OyeOK«‰Ωõ "åºMϺ#O : WHõ¯_» =∂#=Ùx „Ѩ=~°#Î xÜ«∞=∂=ox QÆ∂iÛ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. ã¨ÇϨ K«~∞° Å∞ ÖˉΩõ O_» XO@iQÍ „ѨÜ∂« }O KÕÜ∞« _»O Hˆ =Δ ∞Hõ~O° HÍ^Œ∞. â◊„`«∞"≥#· "åx ~ÚO\’¡ Éè’[#O KÕÜ∞« _»O =∞Ozk HÍ^Œ∞. Ѩ~∞° Å ™⁄=Ú‡#∞ PtOK«‰Äõ _»^∞Œ . W`«~∞° Å =∞#ã¨∞û#∞ <˘Ñ≤ÊOKÕ =∂@Å∞ =∂\Ï¡_‰» Äõ _»^∞Œ . D xÜ«∞=∂Å#∞ áê\˜Oz# =∞x+≤ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ rq`«O Ǩ~ÚQÍ #_»∞ã¨∞OÎ k. Meaning: Never travel alone. Do not accept food in an enemy’s house, showering praise and compliments. Do not covet another’s wealth. Never hurt the feelings of others with harsh words. Covet = long to possess Moral : A truly cultured man never hurts the feelings of others.

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7

8.

™ê~°ÑÙ¨ ^è~Œ ‡° =Ú<£ q=∞Åã¨`º« =Ú ÉÏѨ=Ú KÕ`« ÉÁO‰õΩKÕ ÉÏ~°=Ú ÉÁO^ŒÖËHõ K≥_»ÉÏi#^≥·# Ü«∞=ã¨÷, ^Œ‰õΔΩÖˇ "åfi~° Å∞¿ÑHõΔ¿ãã≤~°k "å~°ÅKÕ@QÆ∞ QÍx ^èŒ~°‡x ™êÎ~°Hõ=∞Ü«Úº ã¨`«º â◊√Éèí^•Ü«∞Hõ=∞Ü«Úº#∞ ^≥·= =ÚO_≥_»∞<£. – PO„^èŒ =∞ǨÉèÏ~°`«O

ÉèÏ=O : áêáêÅ∞ KÕÜ∞« _»O =Å¡ ^è~Œ å‡xH˜, J|^•úÖÏ_»@O =Å¡ ã¨`åºxH˜ Ǩx HõÅ∞æ`∞« O>Ë, Jk K«∂ã¨∂Î L¿ÑHõΔ KÕ¿ã ã¨=∞~°∞Å÷ ∞ `«=∞‰õΩ `å"Õ∞ KÕ@∞ `≥K∞« Û‰õΩO\Ï~°∞. ^≥=· O ^è~Œ å‡xfl, ã¨`åºxfl HÍáê_ç â◊√ÉèÏÅ#∞ Hõeæã¨∞ÎOk. hu : ^è~Œ å‡xfl, ã¨`åºxfl ~°H¿Δ˜ ãÎ Jq =∞#efl ~°H™Δ˜ êÎ~Ú. J~å÷Å∞ : ™ê~°ÑÙ¨ ^è~Œ ‡° =Ú ´ „âı+"ª¨ ∞≥ #ÿ ^è~Œ ‡° O† q=∞Åã¨`º« =Ú ´ x~°‡Å"≥∞#ÿ ã¨`º« O† ^è~Œ ‡° x™êÎ~H° =õ ∞Ü«Úº ´ ^è~Œ å‡xfl L^Œiú OKÕkQÍ#∞† ã¨`º« â◊√Éè^í •Ü«∞Hõ=∞Ü«Úº ´ ã¨`åºxH˜ "Õ∞Å∞ HõeyOKÕk QÍ#∞. Meaning : When wrongs are done, all that is right and good is harmed. Truth is always harmed by all that is false. If there is no protest made when wrongs are committed, they certainly destroy all the people who have remained silent. God protects all that is right and true, to give prosperity and happiness to all. Moral: If truth and justice are protected, they will in turn protect all.

V 9.

X~°∞ ÖËÜ∞« q Ü≥Ú#iOz# #~°=~°! Ü«∞„Ñ≤Ü∞« =Ú ^Œ#=∞#O|∞#HõQ∞Æ ^• <˘~°∞ʼnõΩ #q ¿ãÜ«∞‰õΩxH˜ Ѩ~åÜ«∞}=Ú Ñ¨~°=∞^èŒ~°‡Ñ¨^äŒ=ÚÅ ÔHÅ¡<£. – PO„^èŒ =∞ǨÉèÏ~°`«O

ÉèÏ=O : W`«~∞° Å∞ UO KÕ¿ãÎ `«=∞‰õΩ ÉÏ^èŒ HõÅ∞QÆ∞`«∞O^À, Jk ~Ú`«~∞° ʼnõΩ KÕÜ∞« ‰õΩO_® =ÙO_»_"» ∞Õ Ñ¨~"° ∂≥ `«=Î ∞"≥∞#ÿ ^è~Œ ‡° O. Jxfl ^è~Œ ‡° âߢ™êÎÅ ™ê~åOâ◊q∞^Õ. hu : Jxfl r=ÙÅ∞ h =O\˜",Õ J#∞H˘x „Ѩ=iÎOK«∞. J~å÷Å∞ : X~°∞Å∞ ´ W`«~∞° Å∞† Ѩ~åÜ«∞}=Ú ´ „âı+Oª¨ "åºMϺ#O : ^è~Œ ‡° =∞O>Ë ÜÕ∞q∞\’ WHõ¯_» K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. W`«~∞° Å∞ Uq∞ KÕ¿ãÎ `«# H˜+Oì¨ =ÙO_»^À, Jk ~Ú`«~∞° ʼnõΩ `å#∞ KÕÜ∞« ‰õΩO_® =ÙO_»_"» ∞Õ Ñ¨~=° ∞^è~Œ ‡° O. Wk Jxfl =∞`åÅ∞ UHõHOõ ~îO° `À ^è~Œ å‡xH˜ K≥ÑÊ≤ # x~°fiK«#O. nxx áê\˜Oz#@¡~Ú`Õ Ö’HõOÖ’ ã≤~÷ â° ßOu ÜÕ∞~°Ê_»∞`«∞Ok. 8

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

Meaning: If an action causes pain and suffering to one, he should take care that he does not cause the same pain and suffering to others. This remains the essence of all that is taught, by all holy faiths, all over the world. Moral: Pain and suffering are the same to all. Before one hurts another, this should be remebered by everyone.

V 10.

rq`« ÅHΔͺxfl QÆ∂iÛ K≥>=ìË ∞x JO@∞Ok „ѨuѶŨ =Ú#∞ PtOѨHõ ѶŨ =Ú bÜ«∞=∞O@∞Ok #_»=ÖË^∞Œ QÍx =∞Oz #_»=_ç K«∂Ñ≤ã∞¨ OÎ k "åQÍÌ<åÖò KÕÜ«∞‰õΩO_» =~åÅ∞ ‰õΩiÑ≤ã¨∞ÎOk ZO_»Ö’# `å#∞O_ç h_» h‰õΩ Wã¨∞OÎ k "å#Ö’# `å#∞ `«_çã≤ Q˘_»∞QÆ∞ h‰õΩ Ñ¨_»∞ÎOk JkèHÍiH˜ `«Å=OK«^∞Œ J<å^äÅŒ #∞ á⁄=∞‡#^Œ∞ JO^Œix XˆH su P^ŒiOz K«∂ã¨∞OÎ k HÀu H˘=∞‡Å∂Ñ≤<å `«∞O@i ~åÖò qã≤i<å ѨO_ô ѨO_»x HÍÜ«∞Å∞ |Ǩï=∞uQÍ Wã¨∞OÎ k ã≤^•ú~°∞÷x `«# Ü≥Ú_çÖ’ |∞kúQÆ ‰õÄ~°∞ÛO_»=∞x |∞^Œ∞xú QÍ LO_ÕÖÏ! |∞kúQ~Æ Ñ° ≤ ѨOÑ≤Ok. – r=#w`åÅ∞

ÉèÏ=O : rq`« ÅHΔͺxfl K≥@∞ì#∞ Ez =∞#O <Õ~∞° ÛHÀ"åe. K≥@∞ì „Ñ¨uѶ֨ Ïxfl PtOK«‰Ωõ O_® Ѷ֨ ÏÅ#∞ Wã¨∞OÎ k. #_»=ÖË^∞Œ QÍx =∞Oz #_»=_ç K«∂Ñ≤ã∞¨ OÎ k. "åQÍÌ<åÅ∞ KÕÜ∞« ‰õΩO_» =~åeã¨∞OÎ k. ZO_»Ö’, "å#Ö’ `å#∞O_ç, JO^ŒiH˜ P„â◊Ü∞« O HõeÊã¨∞OÎ k. JkèHÍ~°∞Åx, J<å^äÅŒ x `å~°`=« ∞ºO K«∂Ѩ^∞Œ . HÀ`«∞Å∞, H˘O>ˇ ‰õΩ„~°"åà◊√,¡ H˘=∞‡Å∂Ñ≤<å, ~åà◊√¡ qã≤i<å "åà◊‰¡ Ωõ `«# HÍÜ«∞efl |Ǩï=∞uQÍ Wã¨∞OÎ k. |∞^Œ∞xú H˜ K≥@∞ì „H˜O^Œ<Õ *Ï˝<À^ŒÜ∞« =∞~ÚOk. hu : K≥@∞ì#∞ Jxfl\˜H© P^Œ~≈° OQÍ „QÆÇÏ≤ OK«∞. J\˜ì K≥@∞ì#∞ áÈ+≤Oz, ѨÓlOKåe. J~å÷Å∞ : ÅHõΔ º=Ú ´ QÆ∞i Meaning: A tree shows the way as to how people should shape their attitudes. It seeks no reward from anyone in return. It cannot walk, yet it shows the path of right conduct. It showers benefits without holding out promises. It braves the rain and sun while giving shade to others. It never bows low before the rich and powerful. It does

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

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not shun the meek and the poor. Monkeys may shake its branches and naughty boys may throw stones at it; but the tree in return gives them its fruit. Lord Buddha received his enlightenment under a tree. Shun = reject Moral: Man can learn a great deal from the example a tree sets.

V 11.

^è~Œ ‡° =~°#Î ÖËx q^•º~°#˚ =Ú‡ =∂#=`«fi=Ú ÖËx q*Ï˝# QÆi=∞ „â◊=∞=Ú ÖˉõΩO_» =K≥Û_»∞ ã¨OѨ^ŒÜ«Ú#∞ hu áê\˜OѨ#\˜ì "å}˜[º =$uÎ ™êfi~°÷ ѨÓi`«"≥∞ÿ#\˜ì ã¨OѶ¨∞¿ã= JO`«~å`«‡ "≥∞K«Ûx q<À^•#∞Éè=í =Ú <åºÜ«∞ ~°ÇÏ≤ `«=∞~Ú# ~å[H©Ü∞« Ѩ^qŒ Éè∂í `«Å=Ú‡# ™êOѶ∞≤ Hõ áê`«H=õ ÚÅ∞. – =∞Ǩ`å‡QÍOnè ã¨∂H˜Î

ÉèÏ=O : ^è~Œ ‡° =~°#Î ÖˉΩõ O_® q^Œº#Éèºí ã≤OK«_O» , =∂#=`«fiO ÖˉΩõ O_» âßG q*Ï˝<åxfl LѨÜ∂≥ yOK«_O» , „â◊=∞Ѩ_‰» Ωõ O_® LáêÜ«∞O`À ^è<Œ åxfl Pi˚OK«_O» , hu áê\˜OK«‰Ωõ O_» "åºáê~°O KÕÜ∞« _»O, ™êfi~°O÷ `À ã¨OѶ¨∞¿ã= KÕÜ«∞_»O, JO`«~å`«‡ =^ŒÌO@∞<åfl ~Ú`«~°∞Å#∞ Ç≤ÏOã≤Oz P#O^ŒO á⁄O^Œ_»O, <åºÜ«∞O ÖˉΩõ O_» ~å[H©Ü∂« Å∞ #_»Ñ_¨ O» – J<Õ D ÜÕ∞_»∞ ™êOѶ∞≤ Hõ áê`«HÍÅ∞. D áê`«HÍÅ#∞ Z=fi~°∂ KÕÜ∞« ‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . hu : =∞# Ö’áêÅ∞ ã¨=∂*ÏxH˜ âßáêÅ∞ H͉õÄ_»^∞Œ Hõ#∞Hõ „Ѩu"å~°∞ `«=∞ Ö’áêÅ#∞ `˘ÅyOK«∞HÀ"åe. 1. q^•ºi÷ q^Œº`À áê@∞ 㨢`Ê« =~°#Î JÅ=~°∞ÛHÀ"åe. ã¨OѶ∞¨ OÖ’ =∞Oz áœ~°∞_»∞QÍ Z^ŒQÍe. 㨢`Ê« =~°#Î ÖËx q^•ºÉèϺã¨O ™êOѶ∞≤ Hõ áê`«HOõ . 2. q*Ï˝<åxfl Ö’Hõ HõàϺ}ÏxH˜ LѨÜ∂≥ yOKåe. q^èfiŒ O™êxH˜ HÍ^Œ∞. J}∞ ~°ÇϨ ™êºÅ#∞ =∂#=Ù_»∞ `≥Å∞ã¨∞H˘<åfl_»∞. ^•x`À P@OÉÏO|∞Å∞ `«Ü∂« ~°∞KÕã≤ q^èfiŒ O™êxfl ã¨$+≤ãì ∞¨ <Î åfl_»∞. Wk ™êOѶ∞≤ Hõ áê`«HOõ . 3. „Ѩu =ºH˜Î „â◊=∞Ѩ_,ç ^è~Œ ‡° |^ŒOú QÍ ^è<Œ åxfl Ji˚OKåe. `å#∞ „â◊=∞Ѩ_‰» Ωõ O_® W`«~∞° Å „â◊=∞#∞ ^ÀK«∞H˘x "åix #ëêìÅ áêÅ∞ KÕã≤ J<åºÜ«∞OQÍ _»|∞ƒ ã¨OáêkOK«_O» ™êOѶ∞≤ Hõ áê`«HOõ . 4. "å}˜[ºO ^ÕâO◊ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ Pi÷Hõ ã¨OѨ^#Œ ∞ ÃÑOá⁄OkOK«_®xH˜ J=ã¨~O° . JO^Œ∞Ö’ hux áê\˜OKåe. ^è~Œ Å° Ö’ `«∂HÍÅÖ’ "≥∂ã¨O KÕã≤ "åºáê~°O ™êyOK«_O» ™êOѶ∞≤ Hõ áê`«HOõ .

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`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

5. ã¨OѶ∞¨ OÖ’x x~°∞¿Ñ^ŒÅ‰õΩ, J<å^äÅŒ ‰õΩ ¿ã= KÕÜ∂« e. Jk x™êfi~°O÷ QÍ =ÙO_®e. ¿ã= =Úã¨∞QÆ∞Ö’ ™⁄O`« ÖÏÉèÏÅ#∞ á⁄O^Œ_O» ™êOѶ∞≤ Hõ áê`«HOõ . 6. q<À^ŒO =∂#= rq`åxH˜ J=ã¨~O° . HÍx Jk ~Ú`«~∞° ʼnõΩ ÉÏ^èŒ HõeyOK«‰Äõ _»^∞Œ . JO`«óHõ~} ° O ^•xx JOwHõiOKåe. JÖÏ H͉õΩO_® W`«~∞° Å#∞ ÉÏkèOz q<À^•xfl J#∞Éèqí OK«_O» ™êOѶ∞≤ Hõ áê`«HOõ . 7. ^è~Œ ‡° O, <åºÜ«∞O`À ‰õÄ_ç# áêÅ# „Ѩ[ʼnõΩ JOkOK«_O» „ѨÉ∞íè `«fiO ÉÏ^躌 `«. J\˜ì áêÅ##∞ JOkOKÕ ~å[H©Ü∞« <åÜ«∞‰õΩÅ∞ ã¨pÛùÅ∞Ô~· =ÙO_®e. ã¨pÛùÅOÖËx ~å[H©Ü∞« Ѩ^qŒ ™êOѶ∞≤ Hõ áê`«HOõ . U áœ~°∞_»∞ QÍx ~Ú\˜ì áê`«HÍʼnõΩ X_çQ@ Æ ‰ì Äõ _»^∞Œ . Meaning: Acquiring education without right conduct, pursuing science without human values, earning easy money without working hard for it, earning from business without ethics, engaging in social work for selfish reasons, seeking pleasure against the dictates of conscience, participating in public life and politics without morality and justice, all remain as the seven unpardonable sins against society. Moral : All efforts should be made to wipe out the faults within one self, before undertaking work to serve society.

V 12.

Jey# #Å∞QÆHõ Ü≥∞QÆ∞Åæ ∞ ѨeH˜# =∞i q#xÜ«∞@¡ „Ѩu=K«#O|∞Öò =Å∞HõHõ |#fl=Ú=_ç Ü≥∞^Œ ^ŒÅѨHõ Ü«Ú#fl `«_» K«∂"≥ ^èŒ~°‡A˝_çÅ<£. – PO„^èŒ =∞ǨÉèÏ~°`«O

ÉèÏ=O : XHõ~°∞ `«# g∞^Œ Jey<å, `å#∞ JÅ∞QƉõΩO_® =ÙO_®e. `«##∞ xOkOz#ѨC_»∞ P xO^•"åHͺÅ#∞ qhq##@∞¡O_®e. `å#∞ J==∂xOѨ|_®¤, HõÅ`« K≥O^Œ‰Äõ _»^∞Œ . J\˜ì "åx<Õ ^è~Œ ‡° A˝_x» ÃÑ^ŒÅÌ O\Ï~°∞. hu : ^è~Œ ‡° O `≥eã≤#"å_»∞ ã¨ÇϨ #O Hõey =ÙO_®e. J~å÷Å∞ : JÅ∞Hõ ´ HÀѨO† ZQÆ∞Åæ ∞ ´ ^Œ∂+¨}Å∞, u@∞¡† |#fl=Ú ´ J==∂#O† `«ÅHõHõ ´ ÉèÜ í ∞« Ѩ_H» õ "åºMϺ#O : WHõ¯_» ^è~Œ ‡° A˝}‚˜ QÆ∂iÛ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. XHõ~∞° HÀѨy¿ãÎ uiy HÀѨyOK«x"å_»∞, XHõ~∞° ^Œ∂+≤¿ã,Î P ^Œ∂+¨}"å‰õΩ¯Å∞ qhq##@∞¡O_ç uiy ^Œ∂+≤OK«x"å_»∞. `å#∞ ÉèíOQÆáê@∞ K≥Ok<å, U =∂„`«O ÉÏ^èÑŒ _¨ x» "å_»∞ ^è~Œ ‡° A˝_x» ÃÑ^ŒÅÌ O\Ï~°∞. =∞#O J\˜ì ^è~Œ ‡° A˝Å∞ HÍ=_®xH˜ „ѨÜ∞« uflOKåe.

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Meaning: One should remain calm when someone goes against him. He should turn a deaf ear to the abuses hurled at him. He should not react if he is insulted. Such a man is a true, just and wise. Hurl = throw Moral: A true and a just man should have a great deal of patience.

V 13.

=Úã¨e `«e¡^ŒO„_ç "≥ÚQÆ"≥∞ÿ# K«∂_»Hõ, =∞ã¨Å∞K«∞#fl =QÆÅ=∂i H˘_»∞Hõ! =Úã¨e `«#=Ú h‰õΩ =ÚO^Œ∞#fl ^≥~∞° QÆ∞=Ú =∞#ã¨∞ qÑ≤Ê q#∞=Ú =∞Oz=∂@. – ã¨`º« O t=O ã¨∞O^Œ~O°

ÉèÏ=O : `«e^¡ OŒ „_»∞Å∞ =$^Œ∞Öú ·ˇ =ÙO>Ë, "åix „¿Ñ=∞`À K«∂_»‰Ωõ O_®, =QÆÅ∞Ѩ_Õ ‰õΩ=∂~°∞_»∞ XHõ q+¨Ü∞« O `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ"åe. J`«_∞» ‰õÄ_® XHõ<å_»∞ =Úã¨e"å_»=Ù`å_»∞. J`«x Ñ≤ÅÅ¡ ∞ ‰õÄ_» J`«}‚˜ „¿Ñ=∞`À K«∂_»~∞° . hu : =Úã¨e `«e^¡ OŒ „_»∞Å#∞ „¿Ñq∞OK«∞. "åºMϺ#O : `«e^¡ OŒ „_»∞Å#∞ „¿Ñq∞OK«_O» ‰õΩ=∂~°∞x ^è~Œ ‡° O. =Úã¨e`«#OÖ’ "åiH˜ ¿ã=KÕÜ∞« _»O J`«x ÉÏ^躌 `«. P ÉÏ^躌 `«#∞ =∞~°z# ‰õΩ=∂~°∞_˘Hõ q+¨Ü∞« O QÆ∞~°∞OÎ K«∞HÀ"åe. J`«_∞» ‰õÄ_» XHõ<å_»∞ =$^Œ∞_ú Ò`å_»∞. JѨC_»`x« ‰õΩ=∂~°∞_»∞ J`«xH˜ ¿ã= KÕÜ∞« HõáÈ`Õ, HõeQˆ ÉÏ^èÜ Œ ∞≥ \˜^ì À J`«xH˜ `≥Å∞ã¨∞OÎ k. Meaning: Parents should be taken care of in their old age by their sons. They should never be left alone and unloved, or feel abandoned. The son should realize that one day he too will be old and infirm and his children may abandon him too. Abandon = desert, fosake responsibility Infirm = weak Moral: It is the duty of children to take care of old parents and give them love.

V

12

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14.

#~°∞x w`« g∞^Œ #_»K∞« #∞ á⁄QÆ|O_ç, *Ïu #_»K«∞, |∞∞+¨μÅ w`« g∞^Œ, w`« ^•\˜~ˆ x H©_∞» ~Ô O_çO\˜H˜ =∞#ã¨∞ qÑ≤Ê q#∞=Ú =∞Oz=∂@. – ã¨`º« O t=O ã¨∞O^Œ~O°

ÉèÏ=O : #~°∞_»∞ "Õã#≤ Ѩ\ÏìÅ w`« g∞^Œ, á⁄QÆ|O_ç #_»∞ã¨∞OÎ k. =∞# „áêp# |∞∞+¨μÅ∞ "Õã#≤ ^è~Œ å‡Å w`« g∞^Œ, *Ïu #_»∞ã¨∞OÎ k. WO^Œ∞Ö’ Z=~°∞ w`« ^•\˜<å „Ñ¨=∂^ŒO ã¨OÉèqí ã¨∞OÎ k. HÍ|\˜ì =∞#O ^è~Œ ‡° =∂~°Oæ Ö’ #_»"åe. JѨC_Õ =∞# rq`«O ã¨∞YâßO`«∞Å`À #_»∞ã¨∞OÎ k. hu : ^è~Œ ‡° =∂~°Oæ Ö’<Õ =ÙOk *Ïu Éèqí +¨º`«∞.Î "åºMϺ#O : „Ѩu *ÏuH˜ ÖË^• =∞`åxH˜ "åi „Ѩ=HõÎ „Ѩ=zOz# ^è~Œ ‡° âßGO =ÙO@∞Ok. P ^è~Œ ‡° âßGOÖ’ K≥Ñʨ |_ç# hu xÜ«∞=∂Å#∞ P *Ïu ÖË^• =∞`«O "å~°∞ J#∞ã¨i™êÎ~∞° . J#∞ã¨iOK«Háõ È`Õ P *Ïu ÖË^• =∞`«O „Éè+í =ì¨ ∞ø`«∞Ok. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ =∞#O ~Ô Å· ∞ |O_ç g∞^Œ „ѨÜ∂« }˜OK«_®xH˜ W#∞Ѩ Ѩ\ÏìÅ∞ <ÕÅ g∞^Œ ay™êÎ=Ú. ~Ô Å· ∞ |O_ç P Ѩ\ÏìÅ g∞^Œ #_çz#O`« HÍÅO Hˆ =Δ ∞OQÍ QÆ=∞ºO KÕ~∞° ‰õΩO@∞Ok. Ѩ\ÏìÅ∞ `«ÑÊ≤ `Õ Jk „H˜O^Œ Ѩ_áç È~Ú =ÚHõ¯Ö∫`«∞Ok. HÍ|\˜ì ^è~Œ å‡xfl `«ÑÊ≤ K«iOKÕ"å~°∞ Ѩ`#« =∞ø`å~°∞. Meaning: A train runs on the rails laid by man. Society moves on the guidelines laid down by the wise sages of the past. If these guidelines are not observed, great harm and destruction can be caused. Hence all men have to choose the righteous path in life to bring joy and happiness to all. Righteous = upright, honest, virtuous. Moral: The future of all mankind depends on the path of truth and justice.

V

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

13

2. hu Ѩ^Œúu 15.

#=fi‰õΩg∞ ã¨Éèí ֒ѨŠ#=fi‰õΩg∞ `«e¡^ŒO„_ç <å^äŒ∞Å`À_»<£ #=fi‰õΩg∞ Ѩ~ã° u¨ `À #=fi‰õΩg∞ q„Ѩ=~°∞Å, #Ü«∞q∞k ã¨∞=∞f.

ÉèÏ=O : Ѩ^∞Œ QÆ∞~°∞#fl ã¨ÉÖíè ’ #=fi‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . `«e^¡ OŒ „_»∞Å =ÚO^Œ∞, ÃÑ· JkèHÍ~°∞Å =ÚO^Œ∞ #=fi‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . Ѩ~¢° ãxΑ K«∂z #=fi‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . q^•ºkè‰Ωõ Öˇ#· ÃÑ^ŒÅÌ =ÚO^Œ∞ #=fi‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . #=Ùfi <åÅ∞QÆO^•Å KÕ@∞ J<åfl~°∞ ÃÑ^ŒÅÌ ∞. ã¨=∞Ü«∞O ã¨O^Œ~åƒùÅ∞ ÖˉΩõ O_® #=fi_»O W`«~∞° Å#∞ J==∂xOz#@¡=Ù`«∞Ok. Jk =∞Oz ã¨O„Ѩ^•Ü«∞O HÍ^Œ∞. hu : Jã¨O^Œ~ƒ° Où QÍ #=fi‰õΩ, PѨ^ÅŒ ∞ H˘x`≥K∞« ÛHÀ‰õΩ. J~å÷Å∞ : <å^ä∞Œ _»∞ ´ „ѨÉ∞íè =Ù, JkèHÍi† Ѩ~° ã¨u ´ Ѩ~¢° ã†Î‘ q„Ѩ=~°∞Å∞ ´ „ÉÏǨχ}∞Å∞ "åºMϺ#O : #=Ùfi =∂#=ÙxH˜ ^≥=· q∞zÛ# =~°O. [O`«∞=ÙÅ∞ #=fiÖË=Ù. #=Ùfi Z<Àfl q^è•Å∞. z~°∞#=Ùfi, P#O^ŒÑÙ¨ #=Ùfi, q+¨ÑÙ¨ #=Ùfi, ÉèÜ í ∞« OHõ~"° ∞≥ #ÿ #=Ùfi, "≥He˜ #=Ùfi ÖÏO\˜q. ¿ãflÇ≤Ï`«∞Å#∞, Pf‡Ü«ÚÅ#∞ K«∂z#ѨC_»∞ #"Õfik z~°∞#=Ùfi. ^•x "≥#∞Hõ „¿Ñ=∂#∞~åQÍÅ∞O\Ï~Ú. Ǩ™Èº‰õΩÅÎ ∞ q#flѨC_»∞ #"Õfik P#O^ŒÑÙ¨ #=Ùfi. |^Œú â◊„`«∞=Ùefl K«∂z#ѨC_»∞ #"Õfik q+¨ÑÙ¨ #=Ùfi. ^•x "≥#∞Hõ HÀѨO, ^Õfi+¨O =ÙO\Ï~Ú. q~À^è∞Œ ÅÃÑ· ^•_ç KÕã#≤ ѨÙ_»∞ #"Õfik ÉèÜ í ∞« OHõ~"° ∞≥ #ÿ #=Ùfi. ^•x<Õ qHõ\Ï@ìÇ¨ ã¨O JO\Ï~°∞. ^•x "≥#∞Hõ „Ѩ f HÍ~° É è Ï =O, JǨ Ï OHÍ~° O =ÙO\Ï~Ú. Ñ≤ z ÛѨ \ ˜ ì # Ѩ C _» ∞ #"Õ fi k "≥ H ˜ e #=Ùfi. #=Ùfiʼnõ Ω ã¨=∞Ü«∞ã¨O^Œ~åƒùÅ∞<åfl~Ú. Ѩ^∞Œ QÆ∞~°∞#fl ã¨ÉÖíè ’ JHÍ~°}OQÍ #=fi‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . P #=Ùfi JHõ¯_»∞#fl "åix J==∂xOz#@∞¡ J=Ù`«∞Ok. `«e,¡ `«O„_ç, „ѨÉ∞íè =Ù =ÚO^Œ∞ #=fi‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . Jk "åix JQ“~°= Ѩiz#@∞¡ J=Ù`«∞Ok. Ѩ~H° ÍO`« =ÚO^Œ∞ #qfi`Õ Jk Jáê~å÷xH˜ ^•ifã¨∞OÎ k. HÍ|\˜ì #"Õfi =ÚO^Œ∞ h"≥H¯õ _» =Ù<åfl"À, ã¨O^Œ~ƒ° "ù ∞Õ q∞\’ `≥eã≤H˘x #"åfie. Meaning: One should never be seen laughing in the presence of a formal gathering, parents or higher authorities. Neither should one be seen laughing in the company of a woman. One should be careful not to make fun of scholars. Laughing at the wrong time or at a wrong place, can be misunderstood as an insult to those present. Such behavior is not acceptable in a cultured society. Moral: Do not invite trouble by laughing at wrong moments. They give rise to misunderstandings.

V 14

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

16.

Ѩ~°<ås ™È^Œ~°∞_≥· Ѩ~°^èŒ#=ÚÅHÍã¨Ñ¨_»Hõ, Ѩ~°∞ʼnõΩ Ç≤Ï`«∞_≥· Ѩ~°∞Å∞ ^Œ#∞ ÉÁQÆ_» <≥QÆ_»Hõ Ѩ~∞° Åey#, #Å∞QÆ#`«_∞» Ѩ~=° Ú_»∞ ã¨∞=∞f.

ÉèÏ=O : Ѩ~H° ÍO`«#∞ ™È^ŒiQÍ K«∂¿ã"å_»∞, Ѩ~∞° Å ™⁄=Ú‡‰õΩ Pâ◊Ñ_¨ x» "å_»∞, Ѩ~∞° ʼnõΩ Ç≤Ï`«"∞≥ #ÿ HÍ~åºÅ∞ KÕ¿ã"å_»∞, Ѩ~∞° Å∞ á⁄QÆ_`ç Õ á⁄OyáÈx "å_»∞, Ѩ~∞° Å∞ HÀѨy¿ãÎ HÀѨyOK«x"å_»∞ Ѩ~"° ∂≥ `«=Î Ú_»x ÃÑ^ŒÅÌ O\Ï~°∞. hu : Ѩ~ÀѨHÍiÜÕ∞ Ѩ~"° ∂≥ `«=Î Ú_»∞. 'Ѩ~ÀѨHÍ~åÜ«∞ ѨÙ}ºO, Ѩ~åѨHÍ~åÜ«∞ áêѨO— J#flk Q˘Ñ¨Ê ã¨∂H˜.Î JO>Ë Ñ¨~∞° ʼnõΩ "Õ∞Å∞ KÕÜ∞« _»O =Å¡ ѨÙ}ºO Åaèã∞¨ OÎ k. H©_∞» KÕÜ∞« _»O =Å¡ áêѨO =ã¨∞OÎ ^Œx J~°O÷ . J~å÷Å∞ : Jey# ´ HÀÑ≤Oz#† <≥Q_Æ H» õ ´ LaƒáÈHõ† Ѩ~=° Ú_»∞ ´ „âı+μ¨ _ª ∞» Meaning: A truly virtuous man is one who treats all women other than his wife, as sisters. He never covets others’ possessions. He helps everyone, never elates to flattery and does not react to others’ anger towards him. elate = á⁄OyáÈ=Ù† flattery = á⁄QÆ_λ Moral: A truly virtuous man is one who lives and works for others’ welfare. “Helping others is a virtue. Harming others is a sin” This is a very true statement.

V 17.

=∂@‰õΩ „ÉÏ}=Ú ã¨`º« =Ú HÀ@‰õΩ „ÉÏ}O|∞ ã¨∞Éè@ í HÀ\˜ ^èiŒ „u<£ É’\˜H˜ „áê}=Ú =∂#=Ú p\˜H˜ „áê}O|∞ „"åÅ∞ ã≤^Œú=Ú ã¨∞=∞f.

ÉèÏ=O : XHõiH˜ =∂@~Ú¿ãÎ ã¨`«ºO `«Ñ¨Ê‰õÄ_»^Œ∞. ã¨`«º"Õ∞ =∂@‰õΩ „áê}O. XHõ HÀ@#∞ ~°H˜ΔOKÕk =∞OzÉè@ í ∞Å∞. "åˆ~ HÀ@‰õΩ „áê}O, XHõ ¢ãΑ `«# =∂<åxfl HÍáê_»∞H˘#_»"∞Õ P"≥∞‰õΩ „áê}O. XHõ p\˜x „"å¿ãÎ JO^Œ∞Ö’ =ÙO_Õ KÕ„"åÖË ^•xH˜ „áê}O. P „áê}ÏÅ#∞ HÍáê_»∞H˘#_»"∞Õ hu=∂~°Oæ . hu : =∂@‰õΩ ã¨`º« =Ú, HÀ@‰õΩ =∞OzÉè@ í ∞Å∞, ¢ãHΑ ˜ =∂#=Ú, p\˜H˜ KÕ„"åÅ∞ „áê}O ÖÏO\˜q. J~å÷Å∞ : ã¨∞Éè@ í ∞Å∞ ´ =∞Oz Éè@ í ∞Å∞† É’\˜ ´ ¢ãΑ "åºMϺ#O : WHõ¯_» =∂@‰õΩ =ÙO_Õ qÅ∞=#∞ QÆ∂iÛ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. Z=fiiH˜ ‰õÄ_» =∂@ ~Ú=fi‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . W¿ãÎ ^•xH˜ Hõ@∞ì|_ç =ÙO_®e. nx<Õ ã¨`º« O JO\Ï~°∞. =∂@‰õΩ ã¨`º« O „áê}O. XHõ HÀ@#∞ â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ #∞O_ç HÍáê_®ÅO>Ë ã¨∞tH˜`Δ ∞« Öˇ#· Éè@ í ∞Å∞ J=ã¨~O° . "å~°∞ ÖËHáõ È`Õ HÀ@ Ѩ~∞° Å áêÅ=Ù`«∞Ok. HÍ|\˜ì =∞Oz Éè@ í ∞Å∞ HÀ@‰õΩ „áê}O. ¢ãΑ `«##∞ `å#∞ J`åºKå~åÅ∞ KÕ¿ã "åi #∞O_ç ~°HOΔ˜ K«∞H˘<Õ â◊HΘ Hõey `≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

15

=ÙO_®e. J^Õ ¢ãHΑ ˜ „áê}O. XHõ =ºH˜Î L`«~Î åxfl |O^è∞Œ =ÙʼnõΩ ÖË^• q∞„`«∞ʼnõΩ „"åÜ«∞=K«∞Û. JO^Œ∞Ö’ Z<Àfl =∞Oz q+¨Ü∂« Å∞O_»=K«∞Û. JO^Œ∞Ö’ J`«x KÕ„"åÅ∞ ÖˉΩõ O>Ë P q+¨Ü∂« ʼnõΩ qÅ∞= =ÙO_»^∞Œ . HÍ|\˜ì p\˜H˜ KÕ„"åÅ∞ „áê}O. Meaning: Truth in the spoken word, loyal soldiers to defend a fort, virtue in a woman and the acknowledgement of the written word are vital. Moral: Standing by one’s word, having brave soldiers to defend a fort, self-respect to a woman and the acknowledgement found in a letter are vital, like the life-force.

V 18.

ÖÏ=Ù QÆÅ"åxHõO>ˇ#∞ ÉèÏqOѨQÆ huѨ~∞° _»∞ |Å=O`«∞O_Ò „QÍ=O|O`« QÆ[O|∞#∞ =∂=\˜"å_≥H¯˜ #@∞¡ =∞Ç≤ÏÖ’ ã¨∞=∞f.

ÉèÏ=O : ^ÕÇϨ |ÅO HõÅ"åx HõO>ˇ |∞kú|ÅO QÆÅ"å_»∞ |Å=O`«∞_»∞. H˘O_»O`« â◊s~°O QÆÅ U#∞QÆ∞<≥H¯˜ z#fl =∂=\©_∞» `«# |∞kú|ÅO`À #_çÑ™≤ êÎ_∞» QÆ^•! hu : ÉÏǨï|ÅO HõO>Ë |∞kú|ÅO Q˘Ñ¨Êk. J~å÷Å∞ : „QÍ==Ú ´ H˘O_»† QÆ[=Ú ´ U#∞QÆ∞ "åºMϺ#O : WHõ¯_» hu Ü≥ÚHõ¯ Q˘Ñ¨Ê^Œ<åxfl QÆ∂iÛ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. Hˆ =ÅO ^ÕÇϨ |ÅO HõÅ"åx HõO>Ë huѨ~∞° _»∞ |Å=O`«∞_»∞. =∞ǨÉèÏ~°`Ü « Ú« ^ŒOú Ö’ ^ÕÇϨ |ÅO Hõey# #∂~°∞QÆ∞~°∞ H“~°=ÙÅ∞, hu |ÅO Hõey# S^Œ∞QÆ∞~°∞ áêO_»=ÙÅ KÕuÖ’ F_çáÈÜ«∂~°∞. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ H˘O_»O`« â◊s~°O Hõey# U#∞QÆ∞#∞ XHõ z#fl =∂=\©_∞» `«# |∞kú|ÅO`À #_çÑã≤ ∞¨ <Î åfl_»∞. HÍ|\˜,ì Ѩâ√◊ |ÅO`À QÍ^Œ∞ hu |ÅO`À =∞#O HÍ~åºÅ#∞ ™êkèOKåe. Meaning: Brain is always superior to brawn. The elephant despite its huge size remains obedient to the mahout who rides on it and controls it. Brawn = muscle, strength Moral: An intelligent man is always stronger than a man of muscle.

V

16

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

19.

q#^ŒQ∞Æ <≥=fi~°∞ ÃãÑ≤Ê# qx#O`«<≥ "ÕQÑÆ _¨ H» õ q=iOѨ^QŒ ∞Æ <£ QÆx HõÅ¡ x[=Ú Öˇiy# =∞#∞A_≥ áÈ huѨ~°∞_»∞ =∞Ç≤ÏÖ’ ã¨∞=∞f.

ÉèÏ=O : Z=fi~°∞ K≥ÑÊ≤ <å, P =∂@efl „â◊^QúŒ Í q<åe. q#fl `«~åfi`« `˘O^Œ~Ñ° _¨ ‰» Ωõ O_» qKåiOz q=~åÅ∞ `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ"åe. Ö’`«∞Ö’¡H˜ "≥o¡ JO^Œe x*Ïxfl `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀQÆÅ"å_Õ huѨ~∞° _»∞. hu : F~°∞Ê`À, <Õ~∞° Ê`À f~°∞Ê K≥¿ÑÊ"å_Õ huѨ~∞° _»∞. "åºMϺ#O : WHõ¯_» Z=_»∞ huѨ~°∞_À K≥ѨÊ|_çOk. ÃÑ^ŒÌÅ =ÚO^Œ∞ `«=∞ Hõ+¨ì ã¨∞MÏÅ#∞ QÆ∂iÛ, <åºÜ«∂<åºÜ«∂Å#∞ QÆ∂iÛ, ZO^Œ~À q#flqOK«∞H˘O\Ï~°∞. z#fl ÃÑ^ŒÌ J<Õ Éè^Ë OŒ ÖˉΩõ O_» P q#fláêefl qx, `˘O^Œ~°áê@∞ ÖˉõΩO_», x+¨ÊHõΔáê`«OQÍ qKåiOz, x[O `≥Å∞ã¨∞H˘x, f~°∞Ê K≥ѨÊQÆey#"å_Õ hu=∞O`«∞_»∞. Meaning: It is wise to listen carefully to others. Without haste, one should think about what he has heard and gather enough information. After a deep and careful examination of all the facts he should arrive at a conclusion that is fair and impartial. A man who does this is a man of truth and integrity. Integrity = honesty Moral: A man of honour is one who gives a patient hearing, examines fairly and justly and then arrives at a conclusion.

V 20.

fÜ«∞x Ѩ^•~°"÷ Ú≥ Hõ_"ç ,Õ u#QÆÉ’‰õΩ Ju^ä∞Œ ʼnõΩ =ÚO^Œ∞ÃÑ\˜ì h"å~°yOK«∞, "≥i· Ü≥∞ÿ # h~ÚO\˜H˜ =zÛ#ѨÙ_»∞ Lz`« =∞~åº^ŒÖÁ#iOK«∞, "≥∂i‡`À_». – ã¨`º« O t=O ã¨∞O^Œ~O°

ÉèÏ=O : WHõ¯_» Pu^二 ^è~Œ å‡xfl QÆ∂iÛ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. Jukä^"Õ ÀÉè=í J<åfl~°∞ ÃÑ^ŒÅÌ ∞. JO>Ë Jukäx ^Õ=ÙxÖÏ ÉèÏqOK«=∞x J~°O÷ . h KÕuÖ’ XHõ fÑ≤ Ѩ^•~°=÷ ÚO>Ë ^•xx XHõ¯_ç"Õ Éè∞í lOK«‰Äõ _»^∞Œ . Ѩ^∞Œ QÆ∞i`À Hõeã≤ Éè∞í lOKåe. Ju^ä∞Œ Å∞ u#fl `«~åfi`«<,Õ h=Ù Éè’OKÕÜ∂« e. q~ÀkèÜ∞ÿ≥ #"å_»∞ ‰õÄ_» h ~ÚO\˜H˜ =¿ãÎ F~°∞Ê`À ã¨HõÅ =∞~åº^ŒÅ∞ KÕã≤ ѨOáêe. Wk =∞# ã¨O„Ѩ^•Ü«∞O. WO^Œ∞=Å¡ ã¨=∂[OÖ’ Ѩ~°ã¨Ê~° „¿Ñ=∂#∞~åQÍÅ∞ ÃÑiy, rq`«OÖ’ P#O^ŒO "≥eq¡ iã¨∞OÎ k. hu : Jukäx ^Õ=ÙxQÍ ÉèÏqOK«∞. `≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

17

J~å÷Å∞ : P~°yOK«∞ ´ u#∞† "≥i· ´ q~Àkè† Fi‡ ´ F~°∞Ê Meaning: This verse is about the duties of a host towards his guest. A guest should be honoured as if he is divine. A sweetmeat in hand should never be eaten alone. It should be served to others first. The rules of a perfect host should be observed carefully even if an enemy were to be the guest. This is the culture of this country. Such behavior makes love and brotherhood grow in society spreading joy and happiness all around. Sweet meat = q∞~îå~Ú Moral: A guest is to be treated as a divine visitor.

V 21.

"≥Åk, E^ŒO|∞, áê#O|∞, "Õ@, ѨÅ∞‰õΩ „Ѩš^ŒO|∞#∞, ^ŒO_»O|∞ |~°∞ã¨^Œ#=Ú ™⁄=Ú‡ x¢+ʨ Ü≥∂[#=ÚQÆ ==Ú‡ ¿ã`« Ü«∞<≥_»∞ ã¨Ñ¨Î=ºã¨#=ÚÅ [#^Œ∞ `«QÆ∞Å. – PO„^èŒ =∞ǨÉèÏ~°`«O

ÉèÏ=O : ¢ãΑ Ö’Å`«fiO, E^Œ=∂_»∞@, =∞^Œºáê#O, "Õ\Ï_»∞@, Ѩ~∞° +¨OQÍ =∂\Ï¡__» O» , Hõi#î ^ŒO_»#, =$^è•QÍ ^è<Œ åxfl "≥zÛOK«_O» J<Õq ã¨ÑΨ =ºã¨<åÅ∞. Z=fi~°∞#∞ D =ºã¨<åÅ *’eH˜ áÈ~å^Œ∞. hu : =∂#=Ù_»∞ =ºã¨<åʼnõΩ ^Œ∂~°OQÍ =ÙO_®e. J~å÷Å∞ : ѨÅ∞‰õΩ„Ñ¨Å^¡ OŒ |∞ ´ K≥_Q¤» Í =∂\Ï¡__» O» † Ѩ~∞° ã¨^#Œ =Ú ´ Hõi#î `«fiO. "åºMϺ#O : WHõ¯_» ã¨ÑΨ =ºã¨<åÅ#∞ QÆ∂iÛ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. ¢ãÅΑ ÃÑ· "åº"≥∂ǨÏO ÃÑOK«∞HÀ‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . JO^Œ∞=Å¡ HõÅǨÖË~Ê° _»∞`å~Ú. E^•ÅÖ’ áêÖÁæ#‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . ^•x =Å¡ ^è#Œ #+¨Oì , =∂# #+¨Oì [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. =∞^Œºáê#O KÕÜ∞« ‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . Jk =∂#ã≤H"õ ∞≥ #ÿ , âßs~°H"õ ∞≥ #ÿ J<å~ÀQͺxH˜ ^•ifã¨∞OÎ k. [O`«∞=ÙÅ#∞ "Õ\Ï_»‰Äõ _»^∞Œ . Jk r=Ç≤ÏO™ê áêáêxfl JO@QÆ@∞ì`∞« Ok. Ѩ~∞° ëȉõΩÅÎ ∞ =∂\Ï¡_Q» ∂Æ _»^∞Œ . Jq Ü≥∞^Œ∞\˜"åi =∞#ã¨∞û#∞ <˘Ñ≤Ê™êÎ~Ú. Z=iÔH#· #∞ qkèOz# ^ŒO_»# Hõi#î OQÍ =ÙO_»‰Äõ _»^∞Œ . á⁄~°áê@∞¡ KÕÜ∞« _»O =∂#= ã¨ÇϨ [O. JO^Œ∞Hõx q∞u^•\˜ XHõxx ÉÏ^èŒÃÑ@ì_»O =∂#=`«fiO HÍ^Œ∞. ^èŒ<åxfl x¢+¨ÊÜ≥∂[#OQÍ =ºÜ«∞O KÕÜ∞« ‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . JO^Œ∞=Å¡ P ^è#Œ O J=ã¨~"° ∞≥ #ÿ "åiH˜ ^ŒH¯õ ‰õΩO_® áÈ`«∞Ok. =∞x+≤, ~¸ ÜÕ∞_»∞ =ºã¨<åʼnõΩ ^Œ∂~°OQÍ =ÙO>Ë ã¨OѶ∞¨ OÖ’ ã¨∞YâßO`«∞Å∞ <≥ÅH˘O\Ï~Ú. Meaning: Womanizing, gambling, drinking, hunting, harsh speech, cruelty in punishment and spending extravagantly are regarded as the seven vices. On should keep away from them. Moral: A good human being should guard against all these vices.

V 18

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

22.

`«y# "Õ+O¨ |∞, ^Œ#∞ ^•# á⁄QÆ_∞» H˘#q∞ <˘zÛÜ«Ú#∞ w_»∞ ѨÅ∞Hõq∞ ~ÚzÛ =QÆ= ‰õΩxH˜, ^Œ#HÔ O`« #_»=HõÜÚ« #fl |^ä=Œ Ú ^ŒÑʨ ‰õΩO_»∞@ #_»=_ç H˘Ñ¨C ¿ãÜ«Ú. – PO„^èŒ =∞ǨÉèÏ~°`«O

ÉèÏ=O : Lz`« "Õ+O¨ ^èiŒ OK«_O» , `«##∞ `å#∞ á⁄QÆ_∞» HÀ‰õΩO_® =ÙO_»_O» , J==∂#O á⁄Ok ‰õÄ_® uiy ^Œ∂+≤OK«‰Ωõ O_® LO_»_O» , ^•#O KÕã≤ JO^Œ∞‰õΩ qKåiOK«‰Ωõ O_® =ÙO_»_O» , `«#HÔ xfl HõëêìÅ∞ =zÛ<å, ^è~Œ ‡° Ѩ^OŒä `«Ñʨ ‰õΩO_® =ÙO_»_O» =∞Oz #_»=_çH˜ QÆ∞~°∞ÅÎ ∞. hu : Zxfl HõëêìÅ∞ =zÛ<å ^è~Œ ‡° O `«Ñʨ ‰õΩO_® =ÙO_»_O» =∞Oz #_»=_çH˜ QÆ∞~°∞.Î "åºMϺ#O : WHõ¯_» hu=∞O`«∞x #_»=_ç ZÖÏ =ÙO@∞O^À K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. hu=∞O`«∞_»∞ `«y# q^èOŒ QÍ =¢™êÎÅ#∞ ^èiŒ ™êÎ_∞» . `«##∞ `å#∞ á⁄QÆ_∞» HÀ_»∞. W`«~∞° Å∞ `«##∞ <˘Ñ≤ÊOz<å, "åix QÆ∂iÛ K≥_Q¤» Í =∂\Ï¡__» ∞» . XHõiH˜ ^•#q∞zÛ `«~åfi`« zOuOK«_∞» . `«#‰õΩ Ñ¨Ó@QÆ_=» x Ѩiã≤`÷ ∞« Öˇ^∞Œ ~Ô <· å, ^è~Œ ‡° =∂~åæxfl `«Ñʨ _»∞. Wq hu=∞O`«∞x ÅHõ} Δ ÏÅ∞. Meaning: A virtuous man should be suitably dressed and not indulge in self-praise. If someone insults him, he does not react angrily. He never regrets his generosity to someone. Even when he is in dire trouble, he does not stray from the path of right conduct. He has all the qualities of a man of honour. Moral: The test of true virtue is never to stray from the right path, no matter whatever troubles or dangers one has to face. Stray = deviate from the right path, wander away.

V 23.

`«#∞=Ù# qiy# Ü«∞Å∞QÆ∞Å ##∞=ÙQÆ |∞K«ÛOQÆ=K«∞Û, #ux+¨μ~ª `° <« £ =∞#=Ú# <å\˜# =∂@Å∞ q#∞ "≥∞xfl Ü«ÚáêÜ«∞=ÚÅ#∞ "≥_Å» ∞<≥ Ü«∞kèáê! – PO„^èŒ =∞ǨÉèÏ~°`«O

ÉèÏ=O : â◊s~°OÖ’ QÆ∞K«∞ÛH˘#fl ÉÏ}ÏÅ#∞ ã¨∞ÅÉèOí QÍ Éˇ\· H˜ ˜ ÖÏQÆ=K«∞Û. q∞H˜¯e x+¨μ~ª O° QÍ =∞#ã¨∞ûÖ’ <å\˜# =∂@efl, Zxfl LáêÜ«∂Å KÕ`<« <·≥ å `˘ÅyOK«_O» ™ê^躌 O HÍ^Œ∞. JO^Œ∞=Å¡ Ѩ~∞° +¨OQÍ =∂\Ï¡__» O» =∞Ozk HÍ^Œ∞. hu : =∞#ã¨∞û QÍÜ«∞Ѩ_`ç Õ =∂#ÊÖË=Ú. `≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

19

J~å÷Å∞ : J#∞=Ù# ´ ã¨∞ÅÉèOí Q͆ `«#∞=Ù ´ â◊s~°O. "åºMϺ#O : =∞#ã¨∞û KåÖÏ ã¨∞xfl`«"≥∞ÿ#k. x+¨μª~°OQÍ =∂\Ï¡_ç# =∂@Å∞ "å_ç ÉÏ}ÏÅ ÖÏQÍ QÆ∞K«∞ÛH˘O\Ï~Ú. P ÉÏ}ÏÅ#∞ Zxfl LáêÜ«∂Å∞ Ѩxfl<å ÖÏy"ÕÜ∞« _»O ™ê^躌 O HÍ^Œ∞. J^Õ â◊s~°OÖ’ QÆ∞K«∞ÛH˘#fl ÉÏ}ÏÅ#∞ ã¨∞ÅÉèOí QÍ fã≤"Ü Õ ∞« =K«∞Û. P QÍÜ«∂Å#∞ =∂#Ê=K«∞Û. Wk ^Œ$+≤Öì ’ ÃÑ@∞ìH˘x, =∞#O Ѩ~∞° ëȉõΩÅÎ ∞ =∂\Ï¡_‰» Äõ _»^∞Œ . Meaning: It is easy to remove the arrows that have pierced the body. It is impossible to remove the hurt of the harsh words that have pierced the heart. Unsaid = without saying. Moral: It is always wise to leave bitter words that hurt others, unsaid. Feelings that are hurt, never heal.

V 24.

ÅOK«q∞zÛ, JkèHõÖÏÉèí "≥ÚO^≥_»∞ "å_»∞ x‰õΩ¯==ÚQÆ ÃÑ^ŒÌ<Õ~°QÍ_»∞ J`«_∞» ÖËHÜ õ Ú« #fl JqhuÜÕ∞ ÖË^∞Œ =∞#ã¨∞û qÑ≤Ê q#∞=Ú =∞Oz=∂@. – ã¨`º« O t=O ã¨∞O^Œ~O°

ÉèÏ=O : ÅOK«O ѨÙK«∞ÛH˘<Õ"åx HõO>Ë, JkèHõ ÖÏÉèOí á⁄O^•Å<Õ Pâ◊`À ÅOK«O WKÕÛ"å_»∞ ÃÑ^ŒÌ <Õ~ã° ∞¨ _Î ∞» . J`«_∞» ÖˉΩõ O>Ë, Jã¨Å∞ JqhuH˜ KÀ@∞O_»^∞Œ . hu : ÅOK«q∞KÕÛ "å_»∞ "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ <Õ~ã° ∞¨ _Î ∞» HÍQÍ ÅOK«O ѨÙK«∞ÛH˘<Õ"å_»∂ <Õ~ã° ∞¨ _Î .Õ "åºMϺ#O : JqhuH˜ HÍ~°}O H˘O^Œi ^Œ∞~åâ◊. ^Œ∞~åâßѨ~∞° Å∞, <åºÜ«∞q~°∞^ŒOú QÍ `«=∞ HÍ~åºÅ#∞ ™êkèOK«∞H˘x, ÖÏÉèOí á⁄O^•Åx, JkèHÍ~°∞ʼnõΩ ÅOK«q∞™êÎ~∞° . JqhuѨ~∞° Öˇ#· JkèHÍ~°∞Å∞ ÅOKåxH˜ Pâ◊Ñ_¨ ,ç "åi Ѩxx QÆ∞@∞ìQÍ KÕãÃ≤ Ñ_»`å~°∞. WHõ¯_» ÅOK«q∞KÕÛ"åx<Õ "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ <Õ~ã° ∞¨ _Î ∞» QÍ ÉèÏqOKåe. J`«_∞» ÖˉΩõ O>Ë, JqhuH˜ Jã¨Å∞ KÀ@∞ÖË^∞Œ . Meaning: The one, who offers a bribe for gain, is a greater offender than the one who accepts a bribe. If there is no one to offer a bribe, corruption cannot exist at all. Good advice needs to be heeded. Heed = take notice Moral: The one who offers bribe is the first offender, and the one who accepts the bribe is the second offender.

V

20

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

25.

„‰õÄ~°"≥∞ÿ# ÖËq∞ HÀ~°ÅÖ’ zH˜¯ ZO_»Ö’# |O_»Öuˇ ,Î <Õ_∞» HõOkáÈ=Ù ÉÏÅHÍi‡‰õΩÅ#∞ Ez |O_»~å~Ú QÆ∞O_≥ÉÏ^Œ∞H˘xÜ≥∞. – =∂#=w`«

ÉèÏ=O : ^Œ∞~°ƒ~ù "° ∞≥ #ÿ ^•i„^ŒºOÖ’ =Úxy, Ѩã"≤ Ú≥ QÆÖæ #·ˇ ÉÏÅÉÏeHõÅ∞ K«^∞Œ =ÙH˘<Õ J=HÍâ◊O ÖËHõ HÍi‡‰õΩÅ∞QÍ |O_»Å∞ "≥∂Ü«∞_»O Ez, |O_»~åà◊√§ QÆ∂_» QÆ∞O_≥Å∞ ÉÏ^Œ∞H˘O@∞<åfl~Ú. ÉèÏqÉèÏ~°`« áœ~°∞Öˇ·# ÉÏÅÉÏeHõʼnõΩ Ñ¨\ #ì˜ ~¸ ^Œ∞~°=ã¨÷ ^Œ∞~°^$Œ +¨Hì ~õ O° . nxx ~°∂ѨÙ=∂ѨHõ áÈ`Õ ^ÕâßxH˜ Éèqí +¨º`«∞Î LO_»^∞Œ . hu : ÉÏÅÉÏeHõÅ`À Ѩx KÕ~ÚOK«_O» <Õ~O° . "åºMϺ#O : ÉÏźOÖ’ Ñ≤ÅÅ¡ ∞ q^•º|^Œ∞Åú ∞ <Õ~∞° ÛHÀ"åe. P@áê@Å`À rq`åxfl P#O^ŒOQÍ QÆ_á» êe. HÍx ^Œ∞~°ƒ~ù ° ^•i„^ŒºO =Å¡ "å~°∞ HÍi‡‰õΩÅ∞QÍ =∂i, |O_»Å∞ "≥∂¿ã Ѩx KÕã∞¨ <Î åfl~°∞. Wk ^•~°∞}O. D ^•~°∞}Ïxfl K«∂z |O_»ÖË QÆ∞O_≥Å∞ ÉÏ^Œ∞H˘O@∞<åfl~Ú. ^Õâ=◊ ∞<Õ =$HΔÍxH˜ Ñ≤ÅÅ¡ ∞ ѨÓ=ÙÅ =O\˜"å~°∞. ѨÓ=ÙÅ#∞ #e¿Ñ¿ãÎ P =$HõOΔ Ñ¶e¨ OK«^∞Œ . Meaning: Dire poverty drives children at a tender age to become labourers carrying heavy stones to make a living. This sight breaks the heart of even the hardest of rocks. It is unfortunate that the future citizens of India are deprived of education and are caught in such a heart-rending situation. There is no future for this country if this evil is not eradicated. Eradicate = wipe out, erase Moral: Child labour should be eradicated.

V 26.

q^Œº ÉÏź=∞O^Œ∞, q+¨Ü«∞ã¨∞YO|∞Å∞ Ü«∞ø=#=Ú#, =∞#∞A_»O^Œ∞\ÁѨC =Úã¨e`«#=Ú #O^Œ∞, =Úx=$uÎ, z=~°‰Ωõ Ü≥∂QÆ=∞O^Œ∞, =∞~°}"≥ÚO^Œ∞\ÁѨC. – ã¨`º« O t=O ã¨∞O^Œ~O°

ÉèÏ=O : WHõ¯_» P~°¬ ã¨O„Ѩ^•Ü«∂xfl QÆ∂iÛ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. P~°¬ ã¨O„Ѩ^•Ü«∞O „ѨHÍ~°O ÉÏźOÖ’ „Ѩu"å~°∞ „|ǨχKå~°∞Å∞QÍ =ÙO_ç q^•º|∞^Œ∞Åú ∞ <Õ~∞° ÛHÀ"åe. Ü«∞ø=#OÖ’ q"åǨÏO KÕã∞¨ H˘x QÆ$ǨÏã¨∞Ö÷ ·ˇ ÉèÏ~°º`À ã¨∞Yã¨O™ê~°O KÕÜ∂« e. "å~°Hú ºõ OÖ’ =Úx=$uÎx ã‘fiHõiOz, P^蕺u‡Hõ zO`«#`À HÍÅO QÆ_Ñç ≤ z=~°‰Ωõ

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

21

Ü≥∂QÆOÖ’ „áê} `åºQÆO KÕÜ∂« e. JO^Œ∞=Å¡ ã¨=∂[OÖ’ ™ê=∞~°ãº¨ O U~°Ê_ç, ã≤~÷ "° ∞≥ #ÿ ã¨∞YâßO`«∞Å∞ <≥ÅH˘O\Ï~Ú. hu : U =Ü«∞ã¨∞Ö’ KÕÜ∂« eû# Ѩx P =Ü«∞ã¨∞Ö’ KÕÜ∂« e. J~å÷Å∞ : q+¨Ü∞« ã¨∞YO|∞Å∞ ´ WO„kÜ«∞ ã¨∞MÏÅ∞ Meaning: The sages of ancient times have laid down that children should acquire education early, discharge their duties as householders in youth and accept a philosophical attitude to life in their old age. Finally they should seek refuge in a peaceful death after living a life of renunciation. Refuge = shelter; renunciation =

Ѩi`åºQÆO

Moral: A man has to live as per the principles and guidelines given by the sages, suitable for every phase of life from birth to death.

V 27.

Hõ#fl`«e¡ `«O„_ç HõÅÇ≤ÏOz q_çáÈ= „¿Ñ=∞ ÖËHõ ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞ Ñ≤Å¡eѨÙ_»∞ <Õ~Q° ÍO„_»Ö’# *Ë~∞° K«∞O_çi ã¨∞=∂ ѨQÆ, =∞#ã¨∞ûÖ’# ~°QÆ∞Å∞K«∞O_». – =∂#= w`«

ÉèÏ=O : <Õ\ ˜ ã¨=∂[OÖ’ ÉèÏ~åºÉè~í Åΰ ∞ q_®‰õΩÅ∞ fã¨∞HÀ=_»O Z‰õΩ¯==Ù`«∞#flk. "åi Ñ≤ÅÅ¡ ∞ J<å^äŒè â◊~} ° ÏÅÜ«∂Å áêÖˇ,· `«e^¡ OŒ „_»∞Å „¿Ñ=∞‰õΩ ^Œ∂~°"∞≥ ÿ ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞`«∞<åfl~°∞. J\˜ì Ñ≤ÅÅ¡ ∞ ã¨OѶ∞¨ O g∞^Œ Hõã≤ ÃÑOK«∞H˘x <Õ~Q° ÍO„_»∞QÍ =∂iáÈ`«∞<åfl~°∞. nxx PѨHáõ È`Õ ÉèÏq ã¨=∂[O „Éè+í "ì¨ ∞≥ áÿ È`«∞Ok. hu : `«e^¡ OŒ „_»∞Å∞ q_çáÈ`Õ Ñ≤ÅÅ¡ ∞ K≥_áç È`å~°∞. Meaning: In modern times, society is moving towards radical changes. Differences between parents are driving them towards divorce and separation. The children are torn emotionally, denied parental love and security, and they grow up with burning hate and bitterness in their hearts. They become antisocial and offenders against law. If this trend is not checked the future of society is in danger. Moral: A broken home destroys the future of the children.

V 22

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

28.

HÀ@∞¡ ^è#Œ =ÚO_çÜÚ« #∞, =∞iH˘xfl HÀ@∞¡ ^˘_ç^¤ •i# Pi˚OK«∞ ^˘~°ÜÚ≥ HõO_»∞ Ѩã¨∞Î`À ^˘OQÆѨxH˜ áêÅÊ_»∞<˘HõO_»∞ giÖ’ Z=fi~°ãÖ¨ #·ˇ <Õ~Q° Í_»∞? – =∂#=w`«

ÉèÏ=O : Ö’HõOÖ’ ~Ô O_»∞ ~°HÍÅ ^˘OQÆÅ∞<åfl~°∞. XHõ_"Õ Ú≥ HÀ@¡ Pã≤Î LO_ç ‰õÄ_», ^˘_ç^¤ •i# =∞iH˘xfl HÀ@¡ Pã¨∞ÅÎ ∞ ã¨=∞‰õÄ~°∞ÛH˘<Õ"å_»∞. WOH˘Hõ_"Õ ∂≥ PHõe ÉÏ^艌 Ωõ `«@∞ìHÀÖËHõ J<åflxfl ^˘OyeOz u<Õ"å_»∞. gi~°∞=ÙiÖ’ Z=fi~°∞ Jã¨Ö#·ˇ ^˘OQÆ Jx `ÕÅÛ=Åã≤ =ÙOk. tH˜OΔ K«=Åã≤ LOk. hu : PHõe f~°∞ÛHÀ=_»O „ѨH$õ u ^è~Œ ‡° O. J~Ú<å JO^Œ∞‰õΩ ^˘OQÆ`#« O KÕÜ∞« _»O <Õ~O° . ^˘_ç^¤ •i# ã¨OáêkOK«_O» ‰õÄ_® ^˘OQÆ`#« "Õ∞. "åºMϺ#O : Pi÷H"õ ∞≥ #ÿ Jã¨=∂#`«ÖË ã¨OѶ∞¨ OÖ’ ã¨OHΔÀÉèOí ã¨$+≤™ì êÎ~Ú. „Ѩã∞¨ `Î « Pi÷Hõ q^è•<åÅ =Å¡, ^èŒ#=O`«∞Öˇ·# "åiH˜ ^èŒ#~åâ◊√Å∞ ÃÑiyáÈ`«∞<åfl~Ú. ¿Ñ^ŒÅ∞ x~°∞¿Ñ^ŒÅ∞QÍ =∂iáÈ`«∞<åfl~°∞. HÀ@¡ Pã¨∞ÅÎ ∞#fl"å~°∞ H˘O^Œ~∞° =∞iH˘xfl HÀ@¡ Pã¨∞eÎ fl ^˘_ç^¤ •i# ã¨Oáêkã¨∞<Î åfl~°∞. PHõe ÉÏ^è#Œ ∞ `«@∞ìHÀÖËHõ H˘O^Œ~∞° J<åflxfl ^˘Oyeã¨∞<Î åfl~°∞. giÖ’ Jã¨Ö#·ˇ <Õ~Q° ÍO„_≥=~À =∞#O QÆ∞iÎOz K«~º° fã¨∞HÀ=Åã≤# J=ã¨~O° =ÙOk. Meaning: There are two kinds of thieves. One is the kind who is very wealthy and still tries to secure more wealth through the back door. The other kind is the one who resorts to stealing food to satisfy his hunger. It has to be judged who between the two is the worse offender and deserves to be punished. Resort =

KÕÜ∞« _»O

Moral: It is natural to want to satisfy hunger. Yet it is an offence to steal even for that reason. But to steal through the backdoor to become richer and richer is nothing but greed and it is a greater offence.

V

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

23

3. q"ÕHõ Ѩ^Œúu 29.

"åã¨#ÖËx ѨÙ=Ùfi, |∞^èŒ=~°æ=Ú ÖËx ѨÙ~°O|∞, x`«ºq âßfiã¨=ÚÖËx ÉèÏ~°º, QÆ∞}=O`«∞_»∞ HÍx ‰õΩ=∂~°∞_»∞<£ ã¨^Œ ÉèϺã¨=Ú ÖËx q^Œº, ѨiǨ㨄Ѩã¨OQÆ=ÚÖËx "åHõº=Ú<£ „QÍã¨=ÚÖËx H˘Å∞fi H˘~°QÍxq ÃÑ=∞‡Ü«∞ ã≤OQÆn=è ∞}©! – [Hõ¯#

ÉèÏ=O : WHõ¯_» „ѨÜ∂≥ [#O ÖËx q+¨Ü∂« Å#∞ QÆ∂iÛ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. Z=fi~°∞#∞ ã¨∞"åã¨# ÖËx ѨÓ=Ù#∞ =Ú@∞ìH˘#~°∞. ѨO_ç`∞« Å∞ ÖËx #QÆ~åxH˜ áÈ~°∞. qâßfiã¨O ÖËx ÉèÏ~°º`À ã¨O™ê~°O KÕÜ∞« ÖË~∞° . |∞kú=∞O`«∞_»∞ QÍx ‰õΩ=∂~°∞x`À "ÕQÖÆ ~Ë ∞° . JÉèϺã¨O ÖËx q^Œº`À Ѷe¨ `åxfl á⁄O^ŒÖ~Ë ∞° . ѨiǨã¨O ÖËx „ѨãO¨ QÍxfl ~Ú+¨Oì QÍ q#ÖË~∞° . uO_çH˜ [~°∞QÆx L^ÀºQÍxfl KÕÜ∞« ÖË~∞° . W\˜ì „ѨÜ∂≥ [#Hõ~O° HÍx q+¨Ü∂« Å #∞O_ç ^Œ∂~°OQÍ =ÙO_®e. hu : =∞Oz ÖËx ^•xx ZOK«∞HÀ=^Œ∞.Ì Meaning:- There are certain things which are of no use to anyone. A flower with no fragrance, a city that has no intellectuals or scholars, a wife who has no trust in her husband, a son of bad character, education without discipline and regular study, a speech that is not dotted with wit and humour and service without adequate payment are useless. Intellectual = thinker Scholars = learned men In adequate = not enough Moral: Never choose anything that is not useful.

V 30.

H͈Hq∞ `«#∞fl u>ˇ<ì ?≥ HÀH˜Å ^è#Œ "Õ∞q∞ `«#∞fl QÀH˘=∞‡<≥
24

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

ÉèÏ=O : HÍH˜ =∞#efl u@ìÖ^Ë ∞Œ . HÍx Hõ~‚° Hõ~Àî ~°OQÍ J~°∞ã¨∞OÎ ^Œx ^ŒQ~æÆ ‰° Ωõ ~åhÜ«∞O. HÀH˜Å =∞#‰õΩ ^è#Œ "Õ∞q∞ W=fiÖË^∞Œ . HÍx =∞^è∞Œ ~°OQÍ áê_»∞`«∞O^Œx ~Ú+¨Ñì _¨ `» å~. JO>Ë Ö’HõO „Ñ≤Ü∞« OQÍ =∂\Ï¡_"Õ åiH˜ K«∞@ì=∞ø`«∞Ok. x+¨μ~ª O° QÍ =∂\Ï¡_"Õ åiH˜ q~Àkè J=Ù`«∞Ok. HÍ|\˜ì „Ñ≤Ü∞« OQÍ =∂\Ï¡__» O» =∞#O JÅ=~°∞ÛHÀ"åe. hu : <À~°∞ =∞Oz^≥`· ,Õ T~°∞ =∞Ozk. J~å÷Å∞ : "å‰õΩ ´ "å‰õΩ¯, =∂@ Meaning:- A crow does not abuse anyone. Still no one loves or admires it. The cuckoo does not shower wealth on anyone either, still it loved and favoured by all. Similarly, people are drawn to a person whose speech is soft and gentle. It is equally true that people shy away from those who speak harshly. One should always be careful to speak in a caring and a pleasant manner. Admire = have praise for Shy = move back Favoured = preferred. Moral: A person is liked by all if his speech is soft and pleasant.

V 31.

`«# ~°ÇϨ 㨺=Ú <˘Hõx`À #xÜ«Ú =∞~°Å x`«~∞° ʼnõΩ K≥Ñʨ =Å^Œx ÃÇÏK«ÛiOK«∞ HõO>ˇ, K≥Ñʨ HõÜÚ« O_»∞@ Hõ~=° Ú "Õ∞Å∞ <åů ^•\˜# =∂@Å∞ #QÆ~∞° ^•@∞. – ^Œ∞=Ófii ~åq∞Ô~_ç¤

ÉèÏ=O : „Ѩu =ºH˜HÎ ˜ U"À ~°ÇϨ ™êºÅ∞O\Ï~Ú. P ~°ÇϨ ™êºÅ#∞ XHõi`À K≥ÑÊ≤ , =∞~˘HõiH˜ "å\˜x K≥Ñʨ =^Œ#Ì @O HõO>Ë Jã¨Å∞ K≥Ñʨ ‰õΩO_»_"» ∞Õ ZO`À "Õ∞Å∞. J\˜ì ~°ÇϨ ™êºÅ∞ ^•QÆ=Ù, |Ü«∞@Ѩ_∞» `å~Ú. '<åů ^•\˜`Õ #QÆ~∞° ^•@∞`«∞Ok— 'ÃÑ^Œq ^•\˜`Õ ÃÑ#fl ^•@∞`«∞Ok— J<Õ ™ê"≥∞`«Å∞ JO^Œ∞Hˆ ѨÙ\Ïì~Ú. hu : Z=i ~°ÇϨ ™êºÅ#∞ "åi =^Œ<Ì Õ =ÙOK«∞HÀ"åe. Meaning:- It is usual for every person to have some secret or the other. It is better to be wise and never share ones secrets with others, rather than confiding in them, and then warning them not to tell others. Such secrets never remain secret, as the saying

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

25

goes “A secret that slips out of the tongue will slip out of the town too or anything that crosses the lips will cross the river too. Moral: A secret should always be kept closely guarded and never confided to others.

V 32.

K«^Œ∞=Ù, ã¨^Œ∞æ}=Ú‡ ™œO^Œ~°º=Ú#fl\˜ì Hõ#º H˘~°‰Ωõ QÍHõ, Hõ@fl=Ú#‰õΩ `«#‰õΩ `å<≥ J=Ú‡H˘<≥_∞» "å_»q"ÕH˜ =∞#ã¨∞ qÑ≤Ê q#∞=Ú =∞Oz=∂@. – ã¨`º« O t=O ã¨∞O^Œ~O°

ÉèÏ=O : K«^∞Œ =Ù, ã¨^∞Œ } æ O, ™œO^Œ~º° O =Ù#fl Hõ#º#∞ q"åǨÏO KÕã∞¨ HÀ‰õΩO_®, =~°H@ õ flO HÀã¨O, `«##∞ |*Ï~°∞Ö’ J=Ú‡H˘x, Ü≥∞=i<À ÃÑo§ KÕã∞¨ H˘<Õ"å_»∞ Jq"ÕH.˜ J`«_∞» ã¨O™ê~°OÖ’ ã¨∞dOK«Ö_Ë ∞» . ÃÑo§ ~Ô O_»∞ P`«‡Å HõÅ~ÚHõ. W^ŒiÌ =∞^躌 "åºáê~°O HÍ^Œ∞. hu : Hõ@flO fã¨∞H˘<Õ"å_»∞ Jq"ÕH,˜ JO>Ë `≥eq`«‰Ωõ ¯="å_»∞. "åºMϺ#O : q"åǨÏO ¢ãΑ ѨÙ~°∞+¨μÅ =∞^躌 Ѩq„`« |O^èOŒ . Jk #∂ˆ~O_»¡ ѨO@. K«^∞Œ =Ù, ã¨^∞Œ } æ O, ™œO^Œ~º° O =Ù#fl =^è∞Œ =Ù#∞ ѨÙ~°∞+¨μ_»∞ ÃÑO_ç¡ KÕã∞¨ HÀ"åe. =~°H@õ flO HÀã¨O HÍ^Œ∞. =~°H@õ flO XHõ ^Œ∞~åKå~°O. =~°H@õ flO fã¨∞H˘#_»O ѨÙ~°∞+¨μ_»∞ `«##∞ `å#∞ JOQÆ_Öç ’ J=Ú‡HÀ=_»O =O\˜k. q"ÕHOõ QÆŠѨÙ~°∞+¨μ_®Ñ¨x KÕÜ∞« QÆ∂_»^∞Œ . Meaning: A foolish man foregoes a bride who is well-educated, has good character, and is beautiful too and chooses to marry a bride for a hefty dowry. He has sold himself and can never lead a happy life. A marriage is the union of two individuals who choose to lead a life together. It is not a business proposition. Moral: Never marry for money.

V 33.

26

„áê`«Ö’<≥ ÖË^Œ∞ „áêâ◊ã¨Îº=∞O`«Ü«Ú „H˘`«ÎÜ≥∞Å¡ Ǩx ‰õÄ~°ÊÉ’^Œ∞ „H˘`«Îh~°∞ ~åx HÀ<Õ~°∞ Ѩã¨Ô~‰õΩ¯ "åã¨=Î =Ú‡ <å~°"¡ åi =∂@!

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

ÉèÏ=O : áê`«^#·≥ O`«=∂„`å# XHõ =ã¨∞=Î Ù‰õΩ „áêâ◊ãºÎ¨ O ~å^Œ∞. H˘`«Î =ã¨∞=Î Ù =Å¡ Ǩx KÕ‰Äõ ~°^∞Œ . XHõ HÀ<Õ~∞° Ö’H˜ H˘`«Î h~°∞ ~åHõáÈ`Õ, Jk áêzѨ_∞» `«∞Ok. HõOѨ٠H˘_»∞`«∞Ok. H˘`«Î h~°∞ Hõeã≤#O^Œ∞=Å¡ áê`« h~°∞ x~°‡Å=∞ø`«∞Ok. HÍ|\˜ì áê`« H˘`«ÅÎ HõÅ~ÚHõ#∞ =∞#O PǨfixOKåe. hu : áê`« H˘`«ÅÎ "Õ∞Å∞ HõÅ~ÚHõ =∞# ^èºÕ Ü«∞O HÍ"åe. J~å÷Å∞ : „áêâ◊ãºÎ¨ =Ú ´ Q˘Ñ¨Ê`«#O† Ѩã~¨ ∞° ´ áêz Meaning: Anything old need not necessarily be the best. Similarly anything that is novel need not be harmful. If fresh water does not flow into the lake, the water stagnates and becomes dirty and is green with moss. It begins to stink. Fresh water flowing in, will make the water, clear and pure. Hence a judicious mixture of the old and the new should be welcomed. Stink = give out a foul smell. Judicious = sensible Moral: Always welcome a wise mixture of retaining what is of value in the old while welcoming what is of value in the new.

V 34.

Ѩ„uHõÜÚ≥ Hõ@∞#fl Ѩk"ÕÅ Ãã#· º=Ú Ñ¨„uHõÜ≥ÚHõ@∞#fl q∞„`«HÀ\˜ „Ѩ[‰õΩ ~°HõΔÖË^Œ∞ Ѩ„uHõ ÖˉõΩ#fl "åã¨=Î =Ú‡ <å~°¡ "åi =∂@.

ÉèÏ=O : XHõ Ѩ„uHõ =ÙO>Ë Jk Ѩk"ÕÅ Ãã#· ºO`À ã¨=∂#O. Jk „Ѩ*Ïaè„áêÜ«∂xfl =∞#‰õΩ `≥eÜ«∞KÕã∞¨ OÎ k. Ѩ„uHõ q∞„`«∞_»∞ ÖÏO\˜k. =∞#‰õΩ ~°H} Δõ HõeÊã¨∞OÎ k. "å~åÎÑ„¨ uHõ "å_çQÅÆ JHõ~Δ åÜ«Ú^èOŒ . hu : Ѩ„uHõ K«^=Œ @O =∞Ozk. ^•x =Å¡ Ö’Hõ*Ï˝#O ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. "åºMϺ#O : WHõ¯_» "å~åÎÑ„¨ uHõ LѨÜ∂≥ QÍxfl QÆ∂iÛ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. Ѩ„uHõ „Ѩ*Ïaè„áêÜ«∂xfl ZѨÊ\˜HÑõ C¨ _»∞ `≥eÜ«∞KÕã∞¨ OÎ k. Jxfl q+¨Ü∂« ÅÖ’ =∞#efl *ÏQÆ~∂° ‰õΩefl KÕã∞¨ OÎ k. XHõ Ѩ„uHõ, Ѩk"ÕÅ Ãã#· ºO`À ã¨=∂#O. #=∞‡Hõ"∞≥ #ÿ q∞„`«∞x ÖÏO\˜k. Ѩ„uHõ ÖˉΩõ O>Ë =∞#‰õΩ ~°H} Δõ =ÙO_»^∞Œ . HÍ|\˜ì â◊HΘ L#fl"åà◊√¡ Ѩ„uHõ#∞ ™ê÷ÑO≤ z, #_»Ñ_¨ O» J=ã¨~O° . â◊HΘ ÖËx "åà◊√§ K«kq „ѨÜ∂≥ [#O á⁄O^•e.

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

27

Meaning:- A newspaper is equal to an army of ten thousand. It is like a good friend. People have no protection if they have no access to news. It reflects the news and the opinions of the people. Moral: Reading newspapers is a good habit. It increases both knowledge and awareness.

V 35.

q^Œº Ü≥Úã¨Q∞Æ #∞ q#Ü«∞O|∞† q#Ü«∞=Ú##∞ |_»ÜÚ« ÉÏ„`«`« áê„`«`« =Å# ^è#Œ =Ú† ^è#Œ =Ú =Å##∞ ^è~Œ ‡° O|∞ ^•x =Å# <≥·Ç≤ÏHÍ=Ú+≤‡Hõ ã¨∞YO|∞ ÅO^Œ∞ #~°∞_»∞. – z#flÜ«∞ã¨∂i hu K«O„kHõ

ÉèÏ=O : q^Œº =Å# q#Ü«∞O, q#Ü«∞O =Å# Ü≥∂Qƺ`«, Ü≥∂Qƺ`« =Å¡ ^è#Œ O, ^è#Œ O =Å¡ ^è~Œ ‡° O =∞#‰õΩ Åaè™êÎ~Ú. q^Œº =Å¡ WǨÏÖ’HõOÖ’#∞ Ѩ~Ö° ’HõO Ö’#∞ =∞#O ™œMϺÅ#∞ á⁄O^Œ∞`å=Ú. hu : WǨÏѨ~åÅÖ’ ã¨HÅõ „âıÜ∞« ã¨∞ûʼnõΩ =¸ÅO q^Œº. J~å÷Å∞ : áê„`«`« ´ Ü≥∂Qƺ`«† SÇ≤ÏHõ ´ WǨÏÖ’Hõ† P=Ú+≤‡Hõ ´ Ѩ~Ö° ’Hõ "åºMϺ#O : WHõ¯_» q^Œº Ü≥ÚHõ¯ „ѨÜ∂≥ [<åÅ#∞ QÆ∂iÛ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. q^Œº q#Ü«∂xflã¨∞OÎ k. q#Ü«∞O =Å¡ Ü≥∂Qƺ`«, Ü≥∂Qƺ`« =Å¡ ^è#Œ O Åaèã∞¨ OÎ k. ^è#Œ O =Å¡ ^è~Œ å‡xfl PK«iOѨQÅÆ ∞æ`åO. JO^Œ∞=Å¡ WǨÏѨ~Ö° ’Hõ ã¨∞MÏÅ#∞ á⁄O^ŒQÅÆ O. HÍ|\˜ì JO^Œ~∂° q^Œº#∞ JÉèºí ã≤OKåe. Meaning: Education teaches a person to be modest. Modesty makes a person worthy. A worthy man is sure to earn wealth. Wealth helps a man to follow the right path of dharma to perform good deeds. The path of dharma gives man joy and prosperity in this world, and the next. Moral: Education is the cornerstone on which rests the welfare of man both on earth and in heaven too.

V 36.

28

[~°ÜÚ« , =∞$uÜ«Ú ÖËx [#∞#@∞¡ „áêA˝O_»∞ ^è#Œ =Ú, q^Œº QÆ∂~°Ê ^ŒÅѨ=ÅÜ«Ú† ^èŒ~°‡ =∂K«iOѨ^ŒQÆ∞ =∞$`«∞ºKÕ, ^ŒÅ =\˜ì ~¸_»fi|_ç#"å_»∞ "ÀÖˇ. – z#flÜ«∞ã¨∂i hu K«O„kHõ `≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

ÉèÏ=O : `«#‰õΩ =Úã¨e`«#O ~å^Œx, Kå=Ù ÖË^xŒ ÉèÏqOz „Ѩu =ºH˜Î ^è<Œ åxfl, q^Œº#∞ Ji˚OKåe. <Õ_Õ =∞~°}™˜ êÎ=∞<Õ ÉèÏ=O`À ^è~Œ å‡xfl PK«iOKåe. hu : ZÅ¡HÍÅO „|u‰õΩO\Ï=∞x ã¨OáêkOKåe. U Hõ} Δ OÖ’ áÈ`å"≥∂ Jx ^•#O KÕÜ∂« e. J~å÷Å∞ : [~° ´ =Úã¨e`«#O† =∞$u ´ Kå=Ù "åºMϺ#O : `«#‰õΩ =Úã¨e`«#O ~å^Œ∞, =∞~°}O ÖË^∞Œ J<Õ ÉèÏ=#`À „áêA˝_#·≥ "å_»∞ ^è<Œ åxfl q^Œº#∞ ã¨OáêkOKåe. U Hõ} Δ OÖ’ =∞~°}O =ã¨∞OÎ ^À J#fl ÉèÏ=#`À ^è~Œ å‡xfl PK«iOKåe. D ÉèÏ=# =Å¡ XHõ =ºH˜Î J‰õΩOiî`« nHõ`Δ À, x~°ƒÜ ù ∞« OQÍ ^è<Œ åxfl, q^Œº#∞ ‰õÄ~°∞ÛHÀQÆÅ∞QÆ∞`å_»∞. `«~åfi`«, L^•~°ÉÏè =O`À, `«fii`«QuÆ x `«# ^è~Œ å‡xfl x~°fiÇ≤ÏOK«QÅÆ ∞QÆ∞`å_»∞. Meaning: Every man has to acquire wealth and education with no thought of ever growing old or becoming prey to death. He has to perform his duty and follow the right path with a feeling of urgency that death may overtake him any moment. Prey = victim Moral: A man has to earn with the confidence that he will live forever.

V 37.

Ѩ~∞° =O|∞, Hõeq∞, ^˘~°`#« , =∞~°Ü«∞q∞, Ü«∞#∞#\˜ì gxÜ«∞O ^˘Hõ_»Hõ_Õ á⁄~°~ÚOK«∞ ##~°=÷ Ú <å |~°y#KÀ, <åÅ∞æ *ˇÑʨ =ÅÜ«Ú<≥ K≥ÑÙ¨ =∂? – z#flÜ«∞ã¨∂i hu K«O„kHõ

ÉèÏ=O : „áêÜ«∞O, ã¨OѨ^,Œ JkèHÍ~°O, J*Ï˝#O J<Õq XH˘¯Hõ¯>Ë Z<Àfl J#~å÷ʼnõΩ ^•i f™êÎ~Ú. P <åÅ∞QÆ∞ XHõKÀ@ KÕi`Õ [iˆQ J#~å÷ʼnõΩ WHõ JO`«∞ =ÙO_»^∞Œ . hu : J#~å÷xH˜ =¸ÅHÍ~°}ÏÅ#∞ „QÆÇÏ≤ OKåe. J~å÷Å∞ : J~°Ü∞« q∞ ´ `≥eÜ«∞HõáÈ=Ù@† J#~°=÷ Ú ´ #+¨Oì † Ѩ~∞° =O|∞ ´ „áêÜ«∞O "åºMϺ#O : =∞x+≤ „áêÜ«∞OÖ’ =Ù#flѨC_»∞ P"ÕâßʼnõΩ, L„^ÕHÍʼnõΩ Ö’#=Ù`å_»∞. J#∞Éè=í ~åÇ≤Ï`«ºO =Å¡ H˘xfl á⁄~°áê@∞¡ KÕ™êÎ_∞» . ã¨OѨ^Œ Hõe=æ Ù#flѨC_»∞ =∞x+≤ QÆifi™êÎ_∞» . q~À^è•Å∞ ã¨$+≤Oì K«∞H˘O\Ï_»∞. JkèHÍ~°OÖ’ =Ù#flѨC_»∞ JǨÏOHÍ~åxfl „Ѩ^iŒ ≈™êÎ_∞» . JqhuH˜ áêÅÊ_»∞`å_»∞. J*Ï˝#OÖ’ =Ù#flѨC_»∞ `«ÑC¨ Å∞ KÕ™êÎ_∞» . ÃÑ·# K≥ѨÊ|_ç# „áêÜ«∞O, ã¨OѨ^Œ, JkèHÍ~°O, J*Ï˝#O J<Õ "åxÖ’ XH˘¯Hõ¯\˜ Z<Àfl J#~å÷ʼnõΩ =¸Å=∞ø`«∞#flk. P <åÅ∞QÆ∞ XHõ¯ KÀ@ KÕi`Õ, HõeQˆ J#~å÷Å#∞ TÇ≤ÏOK«QÅÆ =∂! `≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

29

Meaning: Youth, wealth, power and ignorance, each by itself can cause a great deal of harm. If all the four are together, then the combination can lead to endless destruction and misery. Moral: The reasons for all misery and destruction have to be clearly understood.

V 38.

`«e¡ Hõ_»∞Ѩ٠#∞O_ç ^èŒ~°}˜ ÃÑ·|_»∞ a_»¤ áêňH_»∞Û#kÜ≥∞ „Ѩ^äŒ=∞ÉèÏ+¨ Jxfl ÉèÏ+¨Å‰õΩ#∞ J^≥ =∂`«$ÉèÏ+¨~å! =∞#ã¨∞ qÑ≤Ê q#∞=Ú =∞Oz=∂@. – ã¨`º« O t=O ã¨∞O^Œ~O°

ÉèÏ=O : a_»,¤ `«e¡ QÆ~ƒ° Où Ö’ #∞O_ç ɡ\· H˜ ˜ =zÛ#ѨÙ_»∞, áêÅ HÀã¨O U_»∞ã¨∞OÎ k. J^Õ „Ѩ^=Œä ∞ =∂#=ÉèÏ+¨. „ѨÑO¨ K«OÖ’ Jxfl YO_®ÅÖ’, ^ÕâßÅÖ’ [x‡Oz# a_»Å¤ ∞ P ÉèÏ+¨Ö’<Õ U_»∞™êÎ~∞° . P ÉèÏ+¨<Õ Jxfl ÉèÏ+¨Å‰õΩ =∂`«$ÉèÏ+¨QÍ =∞#O ÉèÏqOKåe. JѨC_Õ qq^èŒ ÉèÏ+¨efl =∞#O J~°O÷ KÕã∞¨ HÀQÆÅO. hu : ѨÙ\˜#ì "≥O@<Õ tâ◊√=Ù U_ÕÛ^Õ qâ◊fi=∂#= ÉèÏ+¨. J~å÷Å∞ : ^è~Œ } ° ˜ ´ Éè∂í q∞ "åºMϺ#O : „ѨѨOK«OÖ’ „Ѩ[Å∞ =∂\Ï¡_Õ ÉèÏ+¨Å∞ "ÕÅ ã¨OYºÖ’ =Ù<åfl~Ú. XH˘¯Hõ¯ ^Õâßxfl |\˜ì „áêO`åxfl |\˜ì XH˘¯Hõ¯ ÉèÏ+¨ U~°Ê_çOk. Jxfl ^ÕâßʼnõΩ, *Ïu, =∞`åʼnõΩ Jf`«OQÍ =∂\Ï¡_Õ qâ◊fi=∂#= ÉèÏ+¨ XHõ@∞Ok. J^Õ `«e¡ Hõ_∞» ѨÙÖ’ #∞O_ç Éè∂í q∞ÃÑ· Ѩ_#ç ѨC_»∞ tâ◊√=Ù U_ÕÛ ÉèÏ+¨. P ÉèÏ+¨<Õ Jxfl ÉèÏ+¨Å‰õΩ =∂`«$ÉèÏ+¨QÍ =∞#O ÉèÏqOKåe. JѨC_»∞ =∞#O Jxfl ÉèÏ+¨Å#∞ J~°O÷ KÕã∞¨ HÀQÆÅO. Meaning: When a child enters this world from the mothers’ womb the baby cries for milk. That is the first language used by every human child all over the world. It is base for every language. Moral: The cry of the new born baby is certainly the universal language.

V 39.

30

U_»∞ ã¨O„^Œ=ÚÅ#∞ Dk ^•@QÆ =K«∞Û H˘O_»<#·≥ Ñ≤O_ç Q˘@ì=K«∞Û gã¨=∞O`« P`«‡ qâßfiã¨=ÚO_ç# =∞#ã¨∞ qÑ≤Ê q#∞=Ú =∞Oz=∂@. – ã¨`º« O t=O ã¨∞O^Œ~O° `≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

ÉèÏ=O : P`«‡ qâßfiã¨O =Ù#fl"å_»∞, U_»∞ ã¨=Ú„^•Å#∞ ã¨fiÜ«∞OQÍ Dk ^•@QÆÅ_»∞. H˘O_»Å#∞ QÆ∂_» Ñ≤O_ç Q˘@ìQÅÆ _»∞. ZO`« |Å=Ú<åfl, P`«‡qâßfiã¨O ÖËx"å_»∞ HÍ~åºefl ™êkèOK«Ö_Ë ∞» . hu : P`«‡qâßfiã¨O`À ™êkèOѨÖxË ^Õn ÖË^∞Œ . J~å÷Å∞ : P`«‡qâßfiã¨=Ú ´ `«# g∞^Œ `«#‰õΩ #=∞‡HõO "åºMϺ#O : Jxfl HÍ~åºÅ ™ê^è#Œ ‰õΩ P`«‡ qâßfiã¨O =¸ÅO. P`«‡qâßfiã¨O QÆÅ"å_»∞ U ѨxÖ’<≥#· q[Ü«∂xfl á⁄O^ŒQÅÆ _»∞. U_»∞ ã¨=Ú„^•Å#∞, J=bÅQÍ Dk ^•@QÆÅ_»∞. H˘O_»Å#∞ Ñ≤O_ç KÕÜ∞« QÆÅ_»∞. ~å=∂Ü«∞}OÖ’, P`«‡qâßfiã¨O =Å¡<Õ Ç¨Ï#∞=∞O`«∞_»∞ â◊`Ü « ∂≥ [#Ѩ~º° O`«"∞≥ #ÿ ã¨=Ú„^•xfl PHÍâ◊=∂~°Oæ Ö’ ^•@QÆey<å_»∞. Meaning: A person who has confidence in himself can swim across the seven seas. He can conquer and overcome the mighty mountains. Whatever strength and might a man may have, he cannot hope to succeed in whatever he aspires to do, if he lacks selfconfidence and faith in himself. Lacks = be without Aspire = wish Moral: There is nothing that cannot be achieved if one has enough faith and confidence in himself.

V 40.

q^Œº, ^èŒ#=Ú, =Oâ◊qMϺ`«∞Å#∞ QÆeæ, Z`«∞HÔÎ ky#O`« Uq∞ qO`«! Uq∞ ÖËHõ ÃÑH· ˜ Z^Œ∞QÆ∞@ÜÕ∞ qO`«! =∞#ã¨∞qÑ≤Ê q#∞=Ú =∞Oz=∂@. – ã¨`º« O t=O ã¨∞O^Œ~O°

ÉèÏ=O : L#fl`« q^Œº, `«y#O`« ^è#Œ O, =∞Oz =Oâ◊O =Ù#fl =ºH˜Î ÃÑ· ™ê÷~ÚH˜ Z^ŒQ_Æ O» Ö’ Pâ◊Û~°ºO ÖË^∞Œ . ÃÑ#· K≥Ñʨ |_»q¤ , Ug ÖˉΩõ O_», XHõ =ºH˜Î ÃÑ™· ê÷~ÚH˜ Z^ŒQ_Æ O» J`«ºO`« Pâ◊Û~°ºHõ~O° . J\˜ì "åix Ö’HõOÖ’ =∞#O K«∂ã¨∞<Î åflO. "åix P^Œ~≈° OQÍ fã¨∞H˘x =∞#O Éèqí +¨º`«∞‰Î Ωõ |OQÍ~°∞ ÉÏ@Å∞ "Õã∞¨ HÀ"åe. XHõi Éè∞í *ÏÅÃÑ· #∞O_ç HÍHõ, <ÕÅ #∞O_ç ÃÑHÔ· yi# "å_Õ "≥Ú#QÍ_»∞. hu : ã¨fiÜ«∞O Hõ$+≤ Q˘Ñ¨Êk. J~å÷Å∞ : qMϺu ´ H©iÎ `≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

31

"åºMϺ#O : ¿Ñ~°∞ QÆÅ =Oâ◊OÖ’ [x‡Oz q^•º=O`«∞_»∞QÍ, ^è#Œ =O`«∞_»∞QÍ =Ù#fl =ºH˜Î `«# q^Œº =Å¡, ^è#Œ O =Å¡, =Oâ◊ ã¨O|O^è•Å =Å¡ ѨÅ∞‰õΩ|_ç ÃÑOK«∞H˘x, L#fl`« Ѩ^=Œ ÙÅ#∞ JO^Œ∞HÀQÆÅ_»∞. JO^Œ∞Ö’ Pâ◊Û~°ºO ÖË^∞Œ . ™ê=∂#º ‰õΩ@∞O|OÖ’ [x‡Oz, q^Œº ÖˉΩõ O_», ^è#Œ O ÖˉΩõ O_» =Ù#fl =ºH˜Î J@ì_∞» QÆ∞ #∞O_ç ÃÑHÔ· ^ŒQQÆ ÅÆ _æ O» x[OQÍ Pâ◊Û~°ºO Hõeãæ ∞¨ OÎ k. Jk J`«x J™ê=∂#º"≥∞#ÿ „ѨuÉè#í ∞, Ѩ@∞ì^ÅŒ #∞ `≥eÜ«∞KÕã∞¨ OÎ k. Meaning: It is no surprise if a man with good education, enough wealth and a good family background were to rise in life. It is an amazing wonder when a man rises on the ladder of success, without such advantages. It is a fact that many have achieved success despite not having these advantages. They stand as role models to all men to pave a path of gold for their future. Moral: A true hero is one who achieves success on his own.

V 41.

ѨÙ@∞ì QÆ∞_ç¤"åx H˜>ˇì K«∂Ѩ٠<˘ã¨OQÆ∞ K≥q\˜ "åx H˜K∞« Û „â◊=} â◊HΘ ^èŒ~°, á⁄QÆ_»ÎHõO>ˇ Ѩ~°=∞ø+¨^èŒO ÉËk? =∞#ã¨∞ qÑ≤Ê q#∞=Ú =∞Oz=∂@. – ã¨`º« O t=O ã¨∞O^Œ~O°

ÉèÏ=O : á⁄QÆ_‰Î» Ωõ ÖÁOQÆx "å~°∞ Ö’HõOÖ’ =ÙO_»~∞° . ã¨ÇϨ „ã¨<å=∂Å`À ã¨∞uÎ ¿ãÎ ^Õ=Ù_Õ ky =zÛ =~åe™êÎ_∞» . á⁄QÆ_λ K≥q\˜ "åxH˜ qxH˜_ç â◊HΘ „Ѩ™êkã¨∞OÎ k. QÆ∞_ç"¤ åxH˜ K«∂ѨÙxã¨∞OÎ k. á⁄QÆ_#λ ∞ q∞Oz# Ѩ~=° ∞ø+¨^OŒè ÖË^∞Œ . á⁄QÆ_#λ ∞ ã¨=∞Ü«∂#∞‰õÄÅOQÍ "å_»∞H˘O\Ï_»∞ q"ÕH=õ O`«∞_»∞. hu : á⁄QÆ_‰Î» Ωõ ^Õ=Ù_Õ ky =™êÎ_∞» . J~å÷Å∞ : „â◊=} â◊HΘ ´ q<≥_∞» â◊HΘ Meaning: There is no one who can resist praise and flattery. Even God comes down to earth and bestows boons if praised with devotion, chanting a thousand names. Praise has the power to make a deaf man hear and a blind man see. There is no greater potion to cure, than praise. A wise man decides to take advantage of flattery and praise, and uses it at the appropriate time. Flattery = excessive praise, often insincere.

32

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

Boon = wish Potion = medicine Moral: Praise pleases even God, who comes down to grant boons to his devotees.

V 42.

zkq∞`Õx „QÆ∞_»∞¤ KÕuH˜ zHõ¯^Œ∞, á⁄ky`Õx Ñ≤Å¡ ѨÙ\˜=ì K«∞Û F~°∞Ê`À<≥ ÖÏÉèí "≥Ú#QÆ∂_»∞ ^èŒ~°Ö’# =∞#ã¨∞ qÑ≤Ê q#∞=Ú =∞Oz=∂@. – ã¨`º« O t=O ã¨∞O^Œ~O°

ÉèÏ=O : XHõ HÀ_ç„QÆ∞_»∞#¤ ∞ á⁄^ŒQ"Æ ãÕ ,≤ H˘O`«HÍÅO "ÕzÜ«ÚO>Ë ^•xÖ’ #∞O_ç HÀ_çÑÅ≤ ¡ ɡ\· H˜ ˜ =ã¨∞OÎ k. `˘O^Œ~Ñ° _¨ ç zk"Õ∞¿ãÎ Jk KÕuH˜ zHõ¯^Œ∞. JÖψQ, XHõ HÍ~åºxfl ™êkèOKåÅO>Ë F~°∞Ê HÍ"åe. "Õy~°Ñ_¨ `ç Õ Ñ¶e¨ `«O ÅaèOK«^∞Œ . hu : ã¨ÇϨ #O ã¨~åfi~°÷ ™ê^è#Œ O. "åºMϺ#O : XHõ H˜+¡ ì¨ ã¨=∞㨺#∞ Ѩi+¨¯iOKåÅO>Ë ã¨ÇϨ #O J=ã¨~O° . "Õy~°Ñ_¨ `ç Õ Ñ¶e¨ `«O ^ŒH¯õ ^Œ∞. ÉèÏ~°`O« Ö’ =∂Ü«∂E^ŒOÖ’ F_çáÈ~Ú# áêO_»=ÙÅ∞ uiy H“~°=ÙÅ #∞O_ç ~å*Ϻxfl [~ÚOK«∞HÀ=_®xH˜, ѨO_≥O„_ÕO_»∞¡ =#"åã¨O, XHõ ÜÕ∞_»∞ J*Ï˝`"« åã¨O KÕÜ∞« =Åã≤ =zÛOk. P HÍÅOÖ’ "å~°∞ Ü«Ú^•úxH˜ HÍ=Åã≤# PÜ«Ú^è•Å#∞, q∞„`«∞efl, Ѩi"å~åxfl ã¨=∞‰õÄ~°∞ÛH˘<åfl~°∞. `«~åfi`« Ü«Ú^ŒOú Ö’ QÔ ez ~å*Ϻxfl KÕÑ\¨ Ïì~∞° . L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ, HÀ_çQ∞Æ _»∞#¤ ∞ `˘O^Œ~Ñ° _¨ ç zkq∞`Õ, KÕuH˜ zHõ¯‰õΩO_® „|^ŒÖú á·ˇ È`«∞Ok. á⁄^ŒQ"Æ ¿Õ ãÎ HÀ_çÑÅ≤ ¡ ѨÙ\˜ì =ã¨∞OÎ k. Meaning: An egg has to be kept warm and hatched over a period of time, before a chick can emerge from the egg. If the egg is crushed and broken, no chick can be born out of it. Similarly patience is a must, if something has to be achieved. Haste can only spoil and not give any positive results. Hatch = A bird warms the eggs till the young ones are ready to break open the shell to Æ O come out into the world ´ á⁄^ŒQ@ Moral: With patience, anything can be achieved.

V `≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

33

43.

Éèí∞=#=∞O^Œ∞ Q˘Ñ¨Ê É’^茉õΩ_≥=_»#fl p=∞Ü«∞#∞K«∞ =∞#=Ú K≥Ñʨ =K«∞Û p=∞ <À~°∞ qÑ≤Ê KÕÜ«∞^Œ∞ É’^èŒÅ∞ =∞#ã¨∞ qÑ≤Ê q#∞=Ú =∞Oz=∂@. – ã¨`º« O t=O ã¨∞O^Œ~O°

ÉèÏ=O : Ö’HõOÖ’ XHõ Q˘Ñ¨Ê QÆ∞~°∞"≥=fi~°O>Ë, Jk p=∞ Jx K≥Ñʨ _»OÖ’ Juâ◊Ü∂≥ H˜Î ÖË^∞Œ . p=∞ „â◊=∞rq. ZѨC_»∂ „â◊q∞ã¨∂Î =ÙO@∞Ok. HÍx, <À~°∞qÑ≤Ê É’^è#Œ Å∞ KÕÜ∞« ^Œ∞. HÍ|\˜ì Hˆ =ÅO =∂@Å∞ K≥Ñʨ ‰õΩO_®, HÍ~°ºO PK«iOz K«∂¿Ñ"å_Õ x["≥∞#ÿ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù. hu : =∞Oz ZHõ¯_»∞<åfl „QÆÇÏ≤ OKåe. p=∞#∞ K«∂z „â◊=∞Ѩ_@ » O <Õ~∞° ÛHÀ. "åºMϺ#O : `å#∞ É’kèOKÕ q+¨Ü∂« xfl ã¨fiÜ«∞OQÍ PK«iOz K«∂¿Ñ"å_Õ x["≥∞#ÿ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù. p=∞#∞ J\˜ì QÆ∞~°∞=ÙQÍ =∞#O ¿Ñ~˘¯#=K«∞Û. p=∞ „â◊=∞rq. <À~°∞qÑ≤Ê É’^è#Œ Å∞ KÕÜ∞« ^Œ∞. x~°O`«~O° JÅã¨@ ÖˉΩõ O_® ѨxKÕã∞¨ OÎ @∞Ok. J\˜ì p=∞#∞ P^Œ~≈° OQÍ fã¨∞H˘x, =∞#O HÍ~åºK«~} ° Ö’ x=∞QÆ∞flÅO HÍ"åe. Meaning: It is no exaggeration to perhaps say, that the ant is one of the greatest teachers to mankind. An ant is very industrious and continuously works. It will not preach but works. A true guide worth emulating is one who silently shows the way through practice rather than empty words. Exaggeration = beyond limits of truth. Emulate = P^Œ~≈° OQÍ fã¨∞HÀ=_»O Moral: Anything worthwhile and useful has to be observed, copied and learnt.

V 44.

áê„`«∞_»QÆ∞<˘ HÍ^˘ ѨiH˜OѨHõÜ≥∞ "Õ∞Å∞ KÕÜ«∞~å^Œ∞, J@∞¡ KÕã≤`Õx U‰õΩ =O\˜"å_»∞ "Õ∞‰õΩQÍ =∂~°∞#∞ =∞#ã¨∞ qÑ≤Ê q#∞=Ú =∞Oz=∂@. – ã¨`º« O t=O ã¨∞O^Œ~O°

ÉèÏ=O : Ü≥∂Qƺ`« =ÙO^À ÖË^À `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ‰õΩO_®, Z=iH© "Õ∞Å∞ KÕÜ∞« ‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . J\Ï¡ KÕ¿ãÎ U‰õΩÖÏO\˜ "å_»∞ "Õ∞‰õΩQÍ =∂i, h‰õΩ Ç¨x HõeOæ K«=K«∞Û. hu : Jáê„`« ^•#O KÕÜ∞« ~å^Œ∞. Jk H˘iq`À `«ÅQÀHÀ¯=_»O =O\˜k.

34

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

"åºMϺ#O : Ѩ~∞° ʼnõΩ "Õ∞Å∞ KÕÜ∞« _»O =∞# qkè. J@¡x, Z=iHõO>Ë "åiH˜ Ü≥∂Qƺ`«#∞ ѨijeOK«‰Ωõ O_® "Õ∞Å∞ KÕÜ∞« _»O =∞Ozk HÍ^Œ∞. Jxfl q^è•Å áê„`«∞_»Q∞Æ <À HÍ^À qKåiOz, XHõiH˜ "Õ∞Å∞ KÕÜ∂« e. P "Õ∞Å∞ =Å¡ ã¨`Ê« eù `åÅ∞ HõÅ∞QÆ∞`å~Ú. áê„`«`« K«∂_»‰Ωõ O_® "Õ∞Å∞ KÕ¿ãÎ U‰õΩ ÖÏO\˜ "å_»∞ "Õ∞‰õΩQÍ =∂i, =∞#‰õΩ „Ѩ=∂^ŒHÍi J=Ù`å_»∞. Meaning: No help should ever be given without first making sure that it is a truly deserving case. If help is given to an undeserving person, he is bound to show his ingratitude later and perhaps ever harm his benefactor. Ingratitude = forgetting the help received. Moral: Never help the undeserving, they are bound to prove ungrateful later.

V

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

35

4. HÍ~°º™ê^èŒHõ Ѩ^Œúu 45.

J#QÆ##QÆ ~åQÆ=∞uâ◊~ÚÅ∞¡K∞« #∞O_»∞ u#QÆ u#QÆ "Õ=Ú uÜ«∞º#∞O_»∞ ™ê^èŒ#=Ú# Ѩ#∞Å∞ ã¨=∞‰õÄ~°∞ ^èŒ~°Ö’# qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞!

ÉèÏ=O : ã¨Ow`«OÖ’, PÖÏÑ≤OKÕH˘Åk ~åQÆO "≥∞~°∞QÆ=Ù`«∞Ok. u<Õ H˘Åk "ÕѨ KÕ^∞Œ uÜ«∞ºQÍ JxÑ≤ã∞¨ OÎ k. x~°O`«~° ™ê^è#Œ =Å¡ HÍ~åºÅ∞ ã¨=∞‰õÄ~°∞`å~Ú. hu : x~°O`«~° ™ê^è#Œ =Å¡<Õ HÍ~°ºO ã¨ÑŨ¶ =∞ø`«∞Ok. "åºMϺ#O : Z\˜ì q^Œº<≥#· #∞ x~°O`«~"° ∞≥ #ÿ JÉèϺã¨O`À <Õ~∞° ÛHÀ=K«∞Û. ã¨Ow`«OÖ’ PÖÏÑ≤OKÕH˘Åk, ~åQÆO "≥∞~°∞QÆ=Ù`«∞Ok. u<ÕH˘Åk "ÕѨ KÕ^∞Œ fѨÙQÍ =∂~°∞Ê K≥O^Œ∞`«∞Ok. x~°O`«~° HÍ~°º ™ê^è#Œ =Å¡ HÍ~åºÅ∞ ã¨=∞‰õÄ~°∞`å~Ú. Meaning: Music can be rendered flawlessly with intense practice. As one gets used to the taste of neem which is bitter, it begins to taste sweet. Constant application and practice assures success in achieving perfection. Render = present Flawless = perfect Intense = engage deeply Constant = continuous Moral: Constant practice makes one perfect and success is certain.

V 46.

36

XHõKÀ <ÕÅ#∞ |=fioOK«∞, <˘HõKÀ <˘áêÊ~°∞ |∂Ãã[˚ÃÑ,· <˘HõKÀ âßHõ=Ú ÖÏ~°yOK«∞, <˘HõKÀ #∞`«¯ $+¨âì ßÖ’º^Œ#O, ÉÁHõKÀ ÉÁO`« ^èiŒ OK«∞, <˘H˘¯Hõ`i« <£ Ü≥∂QͺO|~°„âı},˜ Öˇ Hõ¯‰õΩ ~åhÜ«∞_»∞ HÍ~°º™ê^茉õΩ_»∞ ^Œ∞óYO|∞<£ ã¨∞YO|∞<£ =∞k<£. – Éèí~°Î $ǨÏi

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

ÉèÏ=O : J=ã¨~"° ∞≥ `ÿ Õ HÍ~°º™ê^艌 Ωõ _»∞ XHõ KÀ@ <ÕÅg∞^Œ<Õ Ñ¨O_»∞H˘O\Ï_»∞. `«#‰õΩ Åaè¿ãΠѨÓÅáê#∞Ê g∞^Œ â◊Ü∞« x™êÎ_∞» . ^˘iH˜`Õ =∞$ëêì<åflxfl P~°y™êÎ_∞» . ^˘~°H¯õ áÈ`Õ HõO^Œ=¸ÖÏÅ`À PHõe f~°∞ÛH˘O\Ï_»∞. LO>Ë =∞Oz =¢™êÎÅ∞ ^èiŒ ™êÎ_∞» . ÖˉΩõ O>Ë ÉÁO`«`À ã¨iÃÑ@∞ìH˘O\Ï_»∞. J`«_∞» Hõëêìefl, ã¨∞MÏefl ÖˇH¯õ KÕÜ∞« _»∞. hu : HÍ~°º™ê^艌 Ωõ _»∞ HõëêìÅ#∞ ã¨∞MÏÅ#∞ ã¨=∂#OQÍ Ñ¨iQÆ}™˜ êÎ_∞» . J~å÷Å∞ : ѨÓÃã[˚ ´ ѨÓÅáê#∞ʆ âßHõ=ÚÅ∞ ´ ‰õÄ~°QÍÜ«∞Å∞† L`«¯ $+¨ì âßÖ’º^Œ#O ´ L`«=Î ∞"≥∞#ÿ =i J#flO† Ü≥∂QͺO|~° „âı}˜ ´ Lz`«"∞≥ #ÿ =¢™êÎÅ =∞_»`Å« ∞ Meaning: An ambitious man who aspires success in life learns to adjust to any situation. He is able to sleep with no discomfort on a hard floor and can just as well sleep on a luxurious bed. He can enjoy a rich feast or survive on roots and tubers without complaining. He wears expensive clothes if he has them or is equally content wearing simple rough garments. Comfort or discomfort make very little difference to a man who is determined to achieve his goals in life. Moral: A man determined to achieve success cares little about comfort or discomfort.

V 47.

P~°OaèOѨ~°∞ hK« =∂#=ÙÅ∞ qѶ¨∂flÜ«∂㨠ã¨O„`«ã¨∞ÎÖˇ· Ü«∂~°OaèOz Ѩi`«ºlO`«∞~°∞~°∞ qѶ¨∂flÜ«∞`«∞ÎÖˇ· =∞^茺=ÚÖò nè~°∞Öò qѶ¨∞fl xǨÏ#º=∂#∞ÅQÆ∞K«∞<£ ^èŒ$`«∞º#fl`À`åûǨïÖˇ· „áê~°ÉÏú~°÷=ÚÅ∞[˚yOѨ~°∞ ã¨∞g∞, „Ѩ*Ï˝x^èŒ∞Öò QÍ=Ù#<£. – Éèí~°Î $ǨÏi

ÉèÏ=O : qѶ∞¨ flO HõÅ∞QÆ∞`«∞O^Œx, Ü≥∞\˜ì HÍ~åºxfl „áê~°OaèOѨx"å~°∞ J^è=Œ ÚÅ∞. HÍ~åºxfl „áê~°OaèOz, P@OHõO =zÛO^Œx =∂#∞H˘<Õ"å~°∞ =∞^躌 =ÚÅ∞. Zxfl J_»O¤ ‰õΩÖˇ^∞Œ ~Ô <· å „áê~°OaèOz# Ѩxx ^è~·≥ º° O`À ѨÓiÎK¿Õ ã"å~°∞ L`«=Î ÚÅ∞. hu : „Ѩ*Ï˝=O`«∞Å∞ „áê~°OaèOz# Ѩxx =∞^躌 Ö’ =^ŒÅ~°∞. J~å÷Å∞ : L~°∞qѶ¨∂flÜ«∂ã¨ã¨O„`«ã¨∞ÎÅ∞ ´ Q˘Ñ¨Ê qѶ¨∂flxH˜ ÉèíÜ«∞Ѩ_Õ"å~°∞† xǨÏ#º=∂#∞Å∞ ´ ÉÏkèOѨ|_»∞"å~°∞† ^è$Œ u ´ ^è~·≥ º° O "åºMϺ#O : qѶ∞¨ flO HõÅ∞QÆ∞`«∞O^Œ<Õ ÉèÜ í ∞« O`À, U HÍ~åºxfl „áê~°OaèOK«x"å~°∞ J^è=Œ ÚÅ∞. HÍ~åºxfl „áê~°OaèOz, P@OHÍʼnõΩ ÉèÜ í ∞« Ѩ_,ç =∞^躌 Ö’ PÑ≤"¿Õ ã"å~°∞ =∞^躌 =ÚÅ∞. Zxfl J_»O¤ ‰õΩÖˇ^∞Œ ~Ô <· å ÖˇH¯õ KÕÜ∞« ‰õΩO_» „áê~°OaèOz# HÍ~åºxfl =^ŒeÃÑ@ìx"å~°∞ L`«=Î ÚÅ∞. Jk "åi „Ѩ[‰˝ Ωõ x^Œ~≈° #O.

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

37

Meaning: People who are not strong-willed are afraid to start any venture as they fear failure. People of average intelligence start to work on something and give up half-way complaining that there are too many hurdles on the way. The best among people are those who fight their way to the finish whatever they aim to achieve, no matter how many difficulties they have to face. Moral: Worthy people, who are courageous never give up half-way and overcome all hurdles with determination till they achieve success in their goals.

V 48.

HõO^Œ∞Hõ=Ú"ÀÖˇ ã¨∞[#∞_»∞ „yO^ŒO|_ç, =∞QÆ∞_»g∞kH˜<≥flQÆÜ«Ú, Ag∞ =∞O^Œ∞_»∞ =∞$uÊO_»=Ú=Öˇ „yO^ŒO|_ç, Ü«∞_»yÜ«ÚO_»∞ QÆ$Ѩ}`«fi=Ú#<£. – Éèí~°Î $ǨÏi

ÉèÏ=O : ã¨=∞~°∞_÷ #·≥ "å_»∞ „H˜O^ŒÑ_¨ ®¤, |Ou=Öˇ, ZyiÃÑH· ˜ ÖË™êÎ_∞» . Jã¨=∞~°∞_÷ #·≥ "å_»∞ „H˜O^Œ Ѩ_`ç ,Õ =∞\˜=ì Ú^ŒÖÌ ÏQÍ JHõ¯_Õ Ñ¨_=ç ÙO\Ï_»∞. hu : ã¨=∞~°∞_÷ ∞» H˜O^Œ|_®¤ ÃÑH· ˜ ÖË™êÎ_∞» . Meaning: A worthy man bounces back after a fall, like a ball does after it strikes the ground. In other words a man of worth will always rise again even if his fortunes hit rock bottom. An unworthy man on the other hand remains like a lump of earth on the ground with no attempt to rise, as failure weighs him down. Moral: A smart, intelligent man will not allow failure to discourage him. With renewed attempts he will rise again to the heights of success.

V 49.

=∂@ÖÏ_»QÅÆ ∞æ =∞~°‡=Ú Öˇiy#, Ñ≤#fl ÃÑ^Œ`Ì #« =Ú Öˇ#fl=Å^Œ∞ Ñ≤#fl KÕuk"≥fi ÃÑ^ŒQÌ Í "≥Å∞QÆ^•? qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞!

ÉèÏ=O : =∂@ÖÏ_»_O» Ö’ =∞~°‡O `≥eã≤# "åx q+¨Ü∞« OÖ’, =Ü«∞ã¨∞ûÖ’ z#fl"å_®, ÃÑ^Œ"Ì å_® J<Õ Éè^Ë OŒ K«∂Ñ≤OK«‰Äõ _»^∞Œ . XHõ nѨO z#fl"åx KÕuÖ’ =Ù<åfl ÃÑ^ŒQÌ Í "≥Å∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok Hõ^•.

38

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

hu : ^è~Œ ‡° O Ñ≤#fl"å_»∞ K≥ÑÊ≤ <å Q“~°qOKåe. "åºMϺ#O : WHõ¯_» Ñ≤@ì H˘OK≥"∞≥ <ÿ å, ‰õÄ`« Ѷ∞¨ #O J#fl q+¨Ü∂« xfl QÆ∂iÛ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. ѨÓ=٠ѨÙ@ìQÍ<Õ Ñ¨i=∞oã¨∞OÎ k. H˘O^Œ~∞° Ju z#fl =Ü«∞ã¨∞Ö’<Õ JkfifÜ«∞"≥∞#ÿ „Ѩ[#˝ ∞ „Ѩ^iŒ ≈™êÎ~∞° . z#fl ÃÑ^ŒÌ Jx =Ü«∞ã¨∞û#∞ K«∂_»‰Ωõ O_» =∞#O "åi Q˘Ñ¨Ê`«<åxfl QÆ∞iÎOKåe. Meaning: If a person speaks wisely, it matters little whether he is young or old. A lamp shines just as brightly even if it is held in a child’s hand. Moral: Good and wise words must be heeded to, even if they are spoken by some one young in years.

V

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

39

5. q^Œfi`ü Ѩ^Œúu 50.

ѨÅ∞ ã¨OkÜ«∞=ÚÅ ^˘ÅK«∞#∞ "≥Å~ÚOK«∞, #QÀK«~å~°q÷ *Ï˝#=Ú, Ö’ ‰õΩÅ HõH˜Δ, âßG, =∞Ü«∞ºk Ü«∞Å=_» ^≥=fixH˜, "å_≥ Ü«∞O^èŒ∞_»∞ [QÆu<£. – z#flÜ«∞ã¨∂i huK«O„kHõ

ÉèÏ=O : âßGO =∂#=ÙxH˜ Hõ#∞fl =O\˜k. Jk J<ÕHõ ã¨O^ÕÇ¨ efl fiÛ, JQÀK«~"° ∞≥ #ÿ q*Ï˝<åxfl JOkã¨∞OÎ k. J\˜ì âߢ™êÎxfl J^躌 Ü«∞#O KÕÜ∞« x"å_»∞, QÆ∞_ç"¤ åx`À ã¨=∂#O. hu : âßG *Ï˝#O ÖËx"å_»∞ ^Õhfl `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀÖË_∞» . J~å÷Å∞ : JH˜Δ ´ Hõ#∞fl† JQÀK«~O° ´ Hõ#Ѩ_x» k. "åºMϺ#O : =∂#=Ùx ã¨O^ÕÇ¨ Å∞ fiÛ J~°O÷ HÍx q+¨Ü∂« Å#∞ q=iOz, q*Ï˝<åxfl JOkOKÕk âßGO. Jk Ö’‰õΩʼnõΩ Hõ#∞fl =O\˜k. P Hõ#∞fl ÖËx"å_»∞ QÆ∞_ç"¤ åx`À ã¨=∂#O. J`«_∞» „ѨÑO¨ K«OÖ’ [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞#fl U q+¨Ü∂« Å#∞ K«∂_»Ö_Ë ∞» , `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀÖË_∞» . Meaning: Principles laid down in texts for the guidance of mankind are like eyes to the human being. Knowledge that is not easily seen or understood is revealed in such texts. A person who does not master these principles is like a blind man. Organized study is a discipline that guides one on the basic principles of a stream of thought or knowledge. Moral: One who does not master the principles that are basic to a subject, can never succeed in mastering any branch of knowledge.

V 51.

PHõã=¨ Ú‡"ÀÖˇ J=^è∞Œ Å∞ ÖËxk Ç≤Ï=∞#QÆ=Ú‡ Hõ#fl Z`«∞Î HõÅk [Åkè HõO>ˇ Ö’`«∞ HõÅk q*Ï˝#=Ú kqx, Éèí∞qx, HõÅ∞Ѩ٠k=ºâ◊H˜Î. – =∂#=w`«

ÉèÏ=O : q*Ï˝#O PHÍâ◊O ÖÏQÍ JO`«O ÖËxk. Ç≤Ï=∂ÅÜ«∞ Ѩ~fi° `«O HõO>ˇ Z`≥#ÂÎ k. ã¨=Ú„^ŒO HõO>ˇ Ö’`«∞ HõÅk. q*Ï˝#=∞<Õ k=ºâ◊H`Θ À =∂#=Ù_»∞ Éè∂í Ö’HÍxfl, ã¨fi~°Öæ ’HÍxfl ã¨OkèOK«QÅÆ _»∞. hu : Éè∂í Ö’HÍxfl ã¨fi~°Öæ ’HÍxfl Hõe¿Ñ k=ºâ◊HΘ q*Ï˝#O. ^•xfl JO^Œ~∞° ã¨OáêkOK«_®xH˜ „ѨÜ∞« uflOKåe. 40

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

J~å÷Å∞ : J=^è∞Œ Å∞ ´ ǨÏ^Œ∞ÅÌ ∞ "åºMϺ#O : PHÍâßxH˜ ǨÏ^Œ∞ÅÌ ∞ ÖË#>Ë¡ q*Ï˝<åxH˜ ǨÏ^Œ∞ÅÌ ∞ ÖË=Ù. "ÕÅHÀ@¡ HÍOu ã¨O=`«û~åÅ ^Œ∂~°OÖ’ =Ù#fl #Hõ„Δ `åÅ#∞ =∂#=Ù_»∞ `«# ^Œ∂~°^iŒ ≈x`À K«∂_»QÅÆ ∞QÆ∞`«∞<åfl_»∞. Éè∂í =∂ºHõ~¬° } â◊HxΘ ^•@∞H˘x LѨ„QÆÇ¨ Å =O\˜ Ü«∞O„`åÅ ^•fi~å JO`«iHõOΔ Ö’ qǨÏiã¨∞<Î åfl_»∞. K«O„^Œ=∞O_»ÅOÃÑ· HÍÅ∞"≥∂ѨQeÆ y<å_»∞. =∂#=Ùx Ü≥ÚHõ¯ ~¸ q[Ü«∂Å∞, qâ◊fi ~°ÇϨ ™êºÅ`À áÈÅ∞ÛH˘O>Ë KåÖÏ z#flq. q*Ï˝#O Ü≥ÚHõ¯ Ö’`«∞ ZO`À, Z`«∞Î ZO`À =∂#=Ù_çOHÍ `≥eã¨∞HÀ=Åã≤ =ÙOk. Meaning: Knowledge is vast as the sky and has no limits. It is higher than the highest mountain. Its depths plunge deeper than the deepest oceans. Knowledge has the power to offer man heaven and earth. Plunge = Sink, =Ú#∞QÆ∞ Moral: Man experiences the wonder of heaven and earth through the power of knowledge.

V 52.

=∂@Å KÕ`« Éèí∂Ѩ`«∞Å∞ =∞#fl# KÕã≤, ѨÙ~°=Ú‡e`«∞Î, ~å =∂@Å KÕ`« ^Õ=`«Å∞ =∞#fl# KÕã,≤ =~°=Ú‡e`«∞,Î ~å =∂@Å KÕ`« =∂x#∞Å∞ =∞#fl# KÕã,≤ ã¨∞YO|∞e`«∞,Î ~å =∂@Å∞ <Õ~fi° ‰õΩ#fl, J==∂#=Ú, #∂º#=Ú, =∂#ÉèOí QÆ=Ú<£. – Kå@∞=Ù

ÉèÏ=O : =∞Oz =∂@Å =Å¡<Õ ~åAÅ∞ J„QÆÇ¨ ~åe™êÎ~∞° . ^Õ=`«Å∞ =~åe™êÎ~∞° . ¢ãÅΑ ∞ ã¨∞MÏxfl™êÎ~∞° . =∂@Å∞ <Õ~fi° x"å_»∞ J==∂#O áêÖ∫`å_»∞. #∂º#`åÉèÏ=O`À ÉÏ^èÅŒ ∞ Ѩ_`» å_»∞. HÍ|\˜ì JO^Œ~∞° K«H¯õ QÍ =∂\Ï¡__» O» JÅ=~°K∞« HÀ"åe. hu : K«H¯õ QÍ =∂\Ï¡_`ç Õ Jhfl á⁄O^Œ=K«∞Û. J~å÷Å∞ : Éè∂í Ѩ`∞« Å∞ ´ ~åAÅ∞† =∂x#∞Å∞ ´ ¢ãÅΑ ∞† #∂º#=Ú ´ `«‰Ωõ ¯"≥#· k, xOkOѨ^yŒ Ok Meaning: Men who have a pleasing manner of speech have always been honoured and rewarded by kings. Prayers have been rewarded with boons from the gods, and women have showered favours. One who does not master the art of speaking well, faces humiliation. They feel inferior and suffer with a lack of confidence. All should cultivate the art of speaking well. Moral: A man who has mastered the art of speaking can charm his way to success.

V `≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

41

53.

q^Œº xQÆ∂_è» QÆ∞ѨÎ=∞QÆ∞ q`«Î=Ú ~°∂Ѩ=Ú Ñ¨Ó~°∞ëêoH˜<£ q^Œº Ü«∞â◊ã¨∞û Éè’QÆHõi q^Œº QÆ∞~°∞O_»∞ q^Õâ◊|O^èŒ∞_»∞<£ q^Œº qt+¨ì^≥·=`«=Ú q^Œº‰õΩ ™ê\˜ ^èŒ#O|∞ ÖË kÅ<£ q^Œº #$áêÅѨÓl`«=Ú q^Œº <≥~°∞OQÆx "å_»∞ =∞~°∞κ_Õ. – Éèí~°Î $ǨÏi

ÉèÏ=O : q^Œº J<Õk hÖ’ ZO`À QÆ∞ѨOÎ QÍ =Ù#fl ^è#Œ O. h‰õΩ JO^Œ"∞≥ #ÿ ~°∂áêxfl, =ºH˜`Î åfixfl HõÅ∞QÆKãÕ ∞¨ OÎ k. H©ixÎ , ã¨∞MÏefl JOkã¨∞OÎ k. q^Œº h‰õΩ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù. q^ÕâßÅÖ’ |O^è∞Œ =ÙQÍ =ÙO_ç `À_»Ê_»∞`«∞Ok. q^Œº ^≥=· O`À ã¨=∂#O. ~åAÅ KÕ`« ѨÓ[ÅO^Œ∞H˘O@∞Ok. q^Œº‰õΩ ™ê\˜ =KÕÛ ^è#Œ O "Õ~˘Hõ\ ˜ ÖË^∞Œ . J\˜ì q^ŒºÖËx"å_»∞ =∂#=Ù_Õ HÍ^Œ∞. HÍ|\˜ì q^Œº#∞ JO^Œ~∞° JÉèºí ã≤OKåe. hu : q^Œº H˘OQÆ∞ |OQÍ~°O, =ÚO*Ëu nѨO =O\˜k. ^•x`À Jhfl Åaè™êÎ~Ú. "åºMϺ#O : ^è#Œ O =Ù#fl"å_»∞ `«# =Ó~À¡<Õ Q“~°qOѨ|_»`å_»∞. ~å*ϺkèHÍ~°O =Ù#fl"å_»∞ `«# ~å[ºOÖ’<Õ Q“~°qOѨ|_»`å_»∞. q^•º=O`«∞_»∞ ã¨~fi° „Ѩ^âÕ ßÅÖ’ Q“~°qOѨ|_»`å_»∞. q^Œº QÆ∞ѨOÎ QÍ =Ù#fl ^è#Œ O. Jk =∂#=ÙxH˜ ~°∂ѨO, H©i,Î Éè’QÍÅ#∞ HõÅ∞QÆKãÕ ∞¨ OÎ k. QÆ∞~°∞=ÙÖÏQÆ LѨ^âÕ O◊ KÕã∞¨ OÎ k. q^Œº, q^ÕâßÅÖ’ |O^è∞Œ =Ù ÖÏQÆ LѨÜ∂≥ QÆÑ_¨ ∞» `«∞Ok. q^Œº ^≥=· O`À ã¨=∂#O. q^Œº QÆÅ"åxx ~åAÅ∞ ѨÓl™êÎ~∞° . J\˜ì JѨÙ~°∂Ѩ"∞≥ #ÿ q^Œº ÖËx"å_»∞ =∂#=Ù_Õ HÍ^Œ∞. Meaning: Education is a hidden treasure within a person. Knowledge is a blessing that gives beauty of character and strengthens individuality. It can also give fame and pleasure. It is like a guide and a philosopher. Having education is like having a trusted friend outside the mother country. Knowledge and learning are divine. Even the mightiest among kings bows his head to scholarship and honours men of learning. There can be no wealth on par with education. No one can even qualify to be human if he does not have education. Hence it is wise to engage one’s best efforts to acquire the treasure of knowledge and skills through education. Treasure = wealth Moral: Education is a priceless treasure. It is the light that guides mankind. There is nothing that it cannot offer.

V 54.

42

Éèí∂+¨Å∞QÍ=Ù=∞~°∞κʼnõΩ Éèí∂i=∞Ü«∂OQÆ^Œ`å~°Ç¨~°=ÚÖò Éèí∂+≤`«ˆHâ◊áêâ◊=∞$^Œ∞ ѨÙ+¨Êã¨∞QÆO^èŒ [ÖÏaè¿+Hõ=ÚÖò Éèí∂+¨Å∞QÍ=Ù, ѨÓ~°∞+¨μx Éèí∂+≤`«∞*ËÜ«Ú |q„`«"å}˜, "å QÆ∂ƒù+} ¨ "Õ∞, ã¨∞Éè∂í +¨}=Ú, Éè∂í +¨}=ÚÖò #t~ÚOK«∞#xflÜ«Ú<£. – Éèí~°Î $ǨÏi `≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

ÉèÏ=O : =∂#=ÙÅ∞ ^èiŒ OKÕ |OQÍ~°∞ Éè∞í [H©~∞° ÅÎ ∞, Ǩ~åÅ∞, ѨÙëêÊÅ∞, JO^Œ"∞≥ #ÿ H˘Ñ¨C =Ú_»∞Å∞, ã¨∞QÆO^èŒ *ÖÏÅ`À Jaè¿+HÍÅ∞, x["≥∞#ÿ Éè∂í +¨}ÏÅ∞ HÍ=Ù. Ѩq„`«"∞≥ #ÿ "å‰õΩ¯ÖË =∞Oz Éè∂í +¨}ÏÅ∞. `«H¯˜ # Éè∂í +¨}ÏÅhfl #tOzáÈÜÕ∞"Õ. HÍ|\˜,ì "å‰õΩ¯Å<Õ Éè∂í +¨}Ïefl JO^Œ~∞° ^èiŒ Oz Ö’HõOÖ’ "≥∞ѨC#∞ á⁄O^•e. hu : =∞Oz =∂@ÖË =∞x+≤H˜ JÅOHÍ~°O. J~å÷Å∞ : Éè∂í i=∞Ü«∞ ´ |OQÍ~°O`À KÕÜ∞« |_ç#† JOQÆ^=Œ Ú ´ ã¨Ok Hõ_Ü ç ∞« =Ú† `å~°Ç¨ ~°=Ú ´ #Hõ„Δ `«=∂ņ Hˆ â◊áêâ◊=Ú ´ [_» "åºMϺ#O : =∂#=Ù_»∞ JO^ŒOQÍ Hõ#Ѩ_®Åx |OQÍ~°∞ Éèí∞[H©~°∞ÎÅ∞, Ǩ~åÅ∞ ^èŒi™êÎ_»∞. A@∞ì#∞ JÅOHõiOK«∞H˘O\Ï_»∞. ã¨∞QÆO^èŒ „^Œ"åºÅ`À Jaè¿+HõO KÕã∞¨ H˘O\Ï_»∞. W=hfl x["≥∞#ÿ JÅOHÍ~åÅ∞ HÍ=Ù. Ѩq„`«"∞≥ #ÿ "åˆH¯ =∂#=ÙxH˜ x["≥∞#ÿ JÅOHÍ~°O. `«H¯˜ # JÅOHÍ~åÅhfl #tOzáÈ`å~Ú. Meaning: Men may wear golden winged ornaments on their shoulders, or men may wear costly gem-studded necklaces. Flowers and elaborate hair-dos may be worn, or perfumes may have been used. But they are not the true ornaments nor do they impress others enough. The really valuable jewels are wise and beautiful words, while the other kind of ornaments can perish or be lost. Moral: Gentle, wise words are truly beautiful ornaments.

V 55.

q^ŒºKÕ, Éèí∂+≤`«∞O_»∞~Ú "≥ÅÜ«ÚK«∞#fl ^˘_»i=i˚OѨ^ŒQÆ∞ã¨∞g∞ ^Œ∞~°˚#∞O_»∞ Kå~°∞ =∂}˜HõºÉèí∂+≤`« â◊ã¨Î =∞ã¨Î HõO|∞ QÆÅ, Ѩ#flQÆ=Ú ÉèÜ í ∞« OHõ~=° Ú QÍ^≥. – Éèí~°Î $ǨÏi

ÉèÏ=O : „`åK«∞áê=Ú `«ÅÃÑ· „ѨHÍtOKÕ =∞}˜ =ÙO@∞Ok. J~Ú<å, P áê=Ú ÉèÜ í ∞« OHõ~O° QÍ =ÙO@∞Ok. ^•xx ^Œ∂~°OQÍ =ÙOKåe. JÖψQ ZO`« q^•º=O`«∞_≥#· #∞, 㨄`«Ê=~°#Î ÖËx "åxx ^Œ∂~°OQÍ =ÙOKåe. hu : 㨢`Ê« =~°#Î ÖËx q^•º=O`«∞_»∞ ã¨~Ê° O ÖÏO\˜"å_»∞. J~å÷Å∞ : Ѩ#flQÆ=Ú ´ áê=Ú "åºMϺ#O : q^•º=O`«∞_≥#· "å_»∞ ã¨∞QÆ∞}=O`«∞_≥· ‰õÄ_» =ÙO_®e. JÖÏ HÍx "åxx Ö’HõO Q“~°qOK«^∞Œ . ^Œ∂~°OQÍ =ÙOK«∞`«∞Ok. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ áê=Ú `«Å g∞^Œ „ѨHÍtOKÕ =∞}˜ =ÙO@∞Ok. J~Ú#ѨÊ\˜H,˜ áê=Ú#∞ K«∂z JO^Œ~∂° ÉèÜ í ∞« Ѩ_`» å~°∞. ^ŒQ~æÆ ‰° Ωõ ~åhÜ«∞~°∞. HÍ|\˜ì q^•º=O`«∞Öˇ#· "å~°∞ 㨢`Ê« =~°#Î JÅ=~°∞ÛHÀ"åe.

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

43

Meaning:- The cobra has a beautiful gem on its hood yet all are afraid of the snake as it is fearsome and dangerous. Thus people keep their distance from it. Similarly it is wise to stay away from a person if his character is not noble and good, no matter how learned or scholarly he may be. Moral: A man with poor character is dangerous like a snake even if he is a learned man.

V

44

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

6. ã¨[˚# Ѩ^Œúu 56.

J=x qÉè∞í O_»∞ <Õ~∞° ѨiÜ≥∞ÿ K«i~ÚOz#, Q˘Å∞Û"å~° Öˇ @¡=QÆ∞}∞Öˇ·# <Õq∞ Ѩ#∞ÅxflÜ«Ú *ˉõΩ~°∞ "åi KÕ`«<Õ, „Ѩq=∞Å huâße Ü«∞QÆ∞ ~å=Úx HÍ~°º=Ú =∞~°¯@O|∞ÖË `«qe Ü≥Ú#~°Ê"Õ [Åkè ^•\˜ ã¨∞~å~°∞Å „^Œ∞Oz, ÉèÏ㨯~å!

ÉèÏ=O : N~å=Ú_»∞ huâße, ã¨=∞~°∞_÷ ∞» HÍ|\˜,ì PÜ«∞# P^ÕâO◊ `À "å#~° Ãã#· ºO ã¨=Ú„^ŒO ^•\˜, ÅOHõÖ’ „Ѩ"tÕ Oz, ~åHõãΔ ∞¨ Å#∞ ã¨OǨÏiOz ã‘`#« ∞ q_çÑO≤ z ~å=∞HÍ~°ºO <≥~"° ~Õ Û° QÆeyOk. JÖψQ, ~åA ã¨=∞~°∞_÷ `·≥ Õ J`«x H˘Å∞=ÙÖ’ =ÙO_Õ"å~°∞ Z\˜"ì åÔ~<· å, ~å[HÍ~åºÅ#xflO\˜h K«H¯õ QÍ x~°fiÇ≤ÏOK«QÅÆ ~°∞. hu : <åÜ«∞‰õΩ_»∞ ã¨=∞~°∞_÷ `·≥ ,Õ ZÖÏO\˜"åi KÕ`<« <·≥ å Ѩ#∞Å∞ KÕ~ÚOK«QÅÆ _»∞. J~å÷Å∞ : J=QÆ∞}∞Å∞ ´ K≥_Q¤» ∞Æ }ÏÅ∞ Hõey#"å~°∞† ã¨∞~å~°∞Å∞ ´ ~åHõãΔ ∞¨ Å∞† =∞~°¯@=ÚÅ∞ ´ HÀ`«∞Å∞ "åºMϺ#O : 'Ü«∞^ä• ~å*Ï `«^•ä „Ѩ*Ï— J<Õ q+¨Ü∞« O WHõ¯_» K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. JO>Ë, ~åA ZÖÏ „Ѩ=iΙêÎ_À „Ѩ[Å∞ ‰õÄ_® JÖψQ „Ѩ=iΙêÎ~x° J~°O÷ . <åÜ«∞‰õΩ_»∞ ã¨=∞~°∞_÷ `·≥ ,Õ J`«_∞» `«# J#∞K«~∞° Å KÕ`« ‰õÄ_® ã¨=∞~°O÷ QÍ Ñ¨xKÕ~ÚOK«QÅÆ _»∞. XHõ ã¨OYºÖ’ "≥Ú^Œ@ XHõ\ ˜ JOÔH "Õã,≤ `«~åfi`« ã¨∞<åflÅ∞ ÃÑ_ç`,Õ ã¨∞<åflʼnõΩ qÅ∞= ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. P XHõ\ ˜ JOÔH fã≤"¿Õ ã,Î ã¨∞<åflʼnõΩ qÅ∞=ÙO_»^∞Œ . P XHõ\ ˜ JOÔH <åÜ«∞‰õΩ_»∞. ã¨∞<åflÅ∞ J#∞K«~∞° Å∞ Jx ~ÚHõ¯_» J~°O÷ KÕã∞¨ HÀ"åe. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ N~å=Ú_»∞ â∫~°ºâße, ã¨=∞~°∞_÷ ∞» HÍ|\˜,ì PÜ«∞# P^ÕâO◊ `À "å#~°Ãã#· ºO ã¨=Ú„^•xfl ^•\˜, ÅOHõÖ’ „Ѩ"tÕ Oz, ~åHõãΔ ∞¨ Å#∞ ã¨OǨÏiOz, ã‘`#« ∞ q_çÑO≤ z N~å=∞HÍ~°ºO <≥~"° ~Õ Û° QÆeyOk. Meaning: Lord Sri Rama was a very virtuous and a great man. Hence under his command the army of monkeys crossed the sea, entered Lanka, killed the demons and helped rescue Sita, and were able to complete Rama's mission. Similarly if the king is an able man, his courtiers and subjects can efficiently carry out the jobs entrusted to them irrespective of their character. The saying that the subjects always follow the lead of their king is a very true statement. Irrespective = not taking into account Moral: If the leader is an able man, he can get anything done by his followers, no matter what kind of people they are.

V

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

45

57.

|e¡^Œ∞_≥·# 㨄`«ÊÉèí∞=Ù áêÜ«∞Hõ Ü«ÚO_ç# QÍx, ~°K«ÛÖ’ lÅ¡~°"å~°∞ #∂~°∞QÆ∞~°∞ ¿ãi# ^Õ[=Ú QÆÅæ^≥Ü≥∞º_»<£ K«Åx¡ K«O^Œ∞~°∞O_≥_ã» ≤ ã¨#flѨ٠AHõ¯Å∞ HÀ\˜ÜÚ« #fl ~°O lÅ∞¡<≥ "≥<≥flÅÖò [QÆ=Ú pHõ@∞ ÅxflÜ«ÚÉÏÜ«∞, ÉèÏ㨯~å!

ÉèÏ=O : PHÍâ◊OÖ’ Zxfl K«∞Hõ¯Å∞<åfl, K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ =zÛ#ѨC_Õ pHõ@∞¡ `˘ÅyáÈ~Ú K«Åx¡ "≥<fl≥ Å HÍã¨∞OÎ k. J^Õ q^èOŒ QÍ ã¨ÉÖíè ’ ZO^Œ~∞° ã¨ÉÏè ã¨^∞Œ Å∞<åfl, |Å=O`«∞_≥#· 㨄`«ÊÉè∞í =Ù =zÛ#ѨC_Õ ã¨ÉÖíè ’ `Õ[ã¨∞û "≥eq¡ iã¨∞OÎ k. hu : ã¨ÉÖíè ’ ZO^Œ~∞° <åfl, ã¨=∞~°∞_÷ #·≥ <åÜ«∞‰õΩ_»∞#flѨC_Õ ã¨Éíè ~°HQΘ _Æ ∞» `«∞Ok. J~å÷Å∞ : |e¡^∞Œ _»∞ ´ |Å=O`«∞_»∞† Z_»ã≤ ´ ÖˉΩõ O_» "åºMϺ#O : ~å*Ï™ê÷#OÖ’ =∞O„`«∞Å∞, ™ê=∞O`«∞Å∞, `«H¯˜ # Ѩi"å~°O KÕi=ÙO\Ï~°∞. HÍx, |Å=O`«∞_≥#· 㨄`«ÊÉè∞í =Ù =zÛ ã≤OǨã¨#O g∞^Œ ‰õÄ~°∞Û#flѨC_Õ P™ê÷<åxH˜ HõàÏHÍO`«∞Å∞ =™êÎ~Ú. J^Õ q^èOŒ QÍ XHõ ã¨ÉÖíè ’ ã¨^㌠∞¨ ºÖˇO^Œ~À Pã‘#∞Öˇ· =ÙO\Ï~°∞. HÍx, ¿Ñ~°∞ „ѨMϺ`«∞Å∞ QÆÅ =ÚYº Jukä „Ñ¨"tÕ Oz#ѨÙ_Õ ã¨Éíè â’ÉèÏÜ«∞=∂#=∞ø`«∞Ok. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ, PHÍâ◊OÖ’ ÅHõΔÅ H˘Åk #HõΔ„`åÅ∞O\Ï~Ú. HÍx K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ L^Œ~ÚOz#ѨC_Õ pHõ\ ˜ `˘Åy "≥<fl≥ Å HÍã¨∞OÎ k. JO^ŒiH˜ PǨ^¡ OŒ HõÅ∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. Meaning: There could be countless stars in the sky, but the darkness can be dispelled only when the moon rises. Similarly there could be a crowd of hundred courtiers assembled in the court, but the assembly is complete only when a strong and mighty king adorns the throne. Dispel = remove Adorn = decorate Moral: An assembly is complete and effective only when a great leader presides over it.

V 58.

46

`«=∞ HÍ~°ºO|∞ Ѩi`«ºlOzÜ«Ú |~å~°÷„áêѨ‰õΩÖò ã¨[˚#∞Öò, ^Œ=∞ HÍ~°ºO|∞ Ѷ¨∞\˜OK«∞K«∞<£ |~°Ç≤Ï`å~°÷"åºÑ¨$`«∞Öò =∞^茺=ÚÖò, ^Œ=∞ÔH· Ü«∞#ºÇ≤Ï`å~°÷ Ѷ¨∂`«∞Hõ[#∞Öò ^≥·`«∞ºÖò, =$^ä•<åº~°÷ÉèíO QÆ=Ú QÍqOK≥_∞» "å~°Ö=ˇ fi~˘ Ü≥∞~°∞OQÆ<£ â◊Hºõ "Õ∞ ÜÕ∞iH˜<.£ – Éèí~°Î $ǨÏi

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

ÉèÏ=O : `«=∞ HÍ~åºxfl =^ŒÅ∞H˘x, ~Ú`«~∞° ʼnõΩ "Õ∞Å∞ KÕ¿ã"å~°∞ ã¨[#˚ ∞Å∞. `«=∞ HÍ~åºxfl <≥~"° ~Õ ∞° ÛH˘O@∂, ~Ú`«~∞° Å HÍ~åºÅ#∞ KÕ¿ã"å~°∞ =∞^躌 =ÚÅ∞. `«=∞ HÍ~°ºO HÀã¨O ~Ú`«~∞° Å HÍ~åºxfl K≥_Q» ˘>Ë"ì å~°∞ J^è=Œ ÚÅ∞. `«=∞‰õΩ Z@∞=O\˜ "Õ∞Å∞ HõÅ∞QÆHáõ È~Ú<å ~Ú`«~∞° Å HÍ~åºxfl =$^ä•QÍ ÉèOí QÆÑ~¨ K° "Õ åà◊#¡ ∞, U=∞x Ñ≤Å"åÖ’ `≥eÜ«∞_»OÖË^∞Œ . hu : ™êfi~°O÷ =^ŒÅ∞H˘x, Ѩ~∞° ʼnõΩ ¿ã= KÕÜÚ« "å~°∞ L`«=Î ÚÅ∞. J~å÷Å∞ : J#ºÇ≤Ï`å~°÷ Ѷ∂¨ `«∞Hõ[#∞Öò ´ W`«~∞° Å HÍ~åºÅ#∞ ÉèOí QÆÑi¨ KÕ "åà◊√†¡ ^≥`· ∞« ºÖò ´ ~åHõãΔ ∞¨ Å∞† =$^ä•<åº~°É÷ Oíè QÆ=Ú ´ =$^ä•QÍ W`«~∞° Å HÍ~åºÅ#∞ ÉèOí QÆÑ~¨ K° @ « O† Ѩ~å~°„÷ áêѨ‰Ωõ Öò ´ W`«~∞° ʼnõΩ "Õ∞Å∞ KÕÜÚ« "å~°∞† Ѩ~Ç° Ï≤ `å~°"÷ åºÑ¨$`«∞Öò ´ Ѩ~∞° ʼnõΩ "Õ∞Å∞ KÕÜÚ« >Ë =$uÎQÍ QÆÅ"å~°∞. Meaning: People who help others, neglecting their own work are truly the best among mankind, they are virtuous. Others who help others while taking care of their own work are the next best. The third group of people who spoil others’ work to promote their own are the worst kind of people. There are still others who do not gain anything for themselves but yet harm others’ work. They cannot be described with a suitable word and are beyond any expression. Moral: People who are unselfish and help others are the best among mankind.

V 59.

hu „áœ_èq» Ǩ~°∞Öˇ#· xѨÙ}∞Öò xOkOѨh "≥∞K«Ûh, MϺuO*ˇOk# ã¨OѨ^ÖŒ ò xÅ∞=h QÍ_èO» |∞QÍ ™êQÆh, Ѷ∂¨ `«O|ѨC_» á⁄O^Œh xÜ«∞u"≥∞Qÿ Íh Ü«ÚQÍO`«O|∞#<£ hu âߡѶ¨∞ºÑ¨^äŒO|∞ ^ŒÑ¨Ê~°∞ QÆ^• x`«ºO|∞ nè~À`«Î=ÚÖò. – Éèí~°Î $ǨÏi

ÉèÏ=O : huq^Œ∞Öˇ·# xѨÙ}∞Å∞ xOkOz<å, "≥∞K«∞ÛH˘<åfl `«=∞ ã¨OѨ^ŒÅ∞ xeÛ<å, `«iyáÈ`«∞<åfl, ^≥|ƒÅ∞ `«ye<å, `«QÅÆ HõáÈ~Ú<å nè~À`«=Î ÚÖˇ#· "å~°∞ `«=∞ hu =∂~åæxfl `«ÑÊ≤ #_»=~°∞. hu : Zxfl HõëêìÅ∞ =zÛ<å, ã¨[#˚ ∞Å∞ hu ^ŒÑʨ ~°∞. J~å÷Å∞ : Ѷ∂¨ `«=Ú ´ ^≥|ƒ† âß¡Ñ∞¨¶ ºÑ¨^OŒä |∞ ´ á⁄QÆ_^» yŒ # =∂~°Oæ . "åºMϺ#O : WHõ¯_» nè~À`«=Î ÚÖˇ#· "åix QÆ∂iÛ K≥Ñʨ _»O [iyOk. huq^Œ∞Öˇ#· xѨÙ}∞Å∞ xOkOK«=K«∞Û, "≥∞K«∞ÛHÀ=K«∞Û. `«# ã¨OѨ^ÅŒ ∞ xÅ∞==K«∞Û, `«iyáÈ=K«∞Û. `«#‰õΩ "Õ∞Å∞ [~°∞QÆ=K«∞Û, H©_∞» HõÅ∞QÆ=K«∞Û. J~Ú<å nè~∞° Öˇ#· "å~°∞ `å"≥∞#∞flH˘#fl hu =∂~åæxfl `«ÑÊ≤ K«iOK«~∞° . Meaning: Truly righteous men do not stray from the path of what is right and true. It does not matter to them whether others praise them or criticize them, whether they faced with troubles or their path runs smooth.

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47

Moral: Righteous people adhere to what is right. It matters little to them if they have to face difficulties in life.

V 60.

PѨ^ŒÅO^Œ∞ ^è≥·~°ºQÆ∞} =∞Oz`« ã¨OѨ^ŒÅO^Œ∞ ^•e‡Ü«Ú<£ Éèí∂Ѩã¨ÉèÏO`«~åà◊=Ú# |∞+¨¯Å"åHõÛ`«∞~°`«fi, =∂l ÉÏ Ç¨Ѩ@∞â◊H˜ÎÜ«Ú<£, Ü«∞â◊=Ú#O ^Œ#∞~°H˜ÎÜ«Ú, q^ŒºÜ«∞O^Œ∞ "åO KèåѨi=$kúÜ«Ú<£, „|Hõ$u [#º QÆ∞}O|∞Å∞ ã¨[˚<åoH˜<£. – Éèí~°Î $ǨÏi

ÉèÏ=O : PѨ^ÅŒ #∞ ^è~·≥ º° OQÍ Z^Œ∞~À¯=_»O, ã¨OѨ^ÅŒ ∞ =zÛ#ѨC_»∞ F~°∞ÊQÍ =ÙO_»_O» , ~å[ã¨ÉÖíè ’ "åHÍÛ`«∞~åºxfl „Ѩ^iŒ ≈OK«_O» , Ü«Ú^ŒOú Ö’ Éè∞í [â◊HxΘ Hõeæ =ÙO_»_O» , H©iÃÎ Ñ· HÀiHõ =ÙO_»_O» , q^Œº#∞ <Õ~∞° ÛHÀ"åÅx Pâ◊Ñ_¨ @ » O – Wq ã¨[#˚ ∞Å Ü≥ÚHõ¯ ã¨ÇϨ [ QÆ∞}ÏÅ∞. hu : ã¨[#˚ ∞ʼnõΩ ã¨^∞Œ } æ ÏÅ∞ ã¨ÇϨ ["≥∞#ÿ q. J~å÷Å∞ : Pl ´ Ü«Ú^Œ=ú Ú† "åOKèåѨi=$kú ´ HÀiHõ ÃÑOK«∞H˘#∞@† `åe‡ ´ F~°∞Ê Meaning: The natural qualities of virtuous men are to face trials and tribulations with courage, maintain their equanimity and modesty while enjoying prosperity, speak with tact and diplomacy in a royal court, fight with valour in war, have ambition for fame, and a great thirst for learning. Tribulations = distress Equanimity = calm Valour = courage Moral: Virtues are natural for righteous men.

V 61.

J_»qÖ’# ѨÓz#O`«, =∞Öˇ`¡ åq, ^•QÆ^∞Œ K≥@∞ìH˜O^Œ É’kè¿ãÎ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù qÅ∞= `«QÆæ^Œ∞ ѨÓiQÆ∞_çÃãÖ’ L<åfl HÍ~°_=» ÙÅ L<åfl nè=∞O`«∞Å `Õ[ã¨∞û ÖËâ◊"≥∞ÿ#`«~°QÆ^Œ∞. – r=# w`åÅ∞

48

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

ÉèÏ=O : J_»qÖ’ ѨÓz<å, =∞ÖˇÑ¡ Ó¨ Å ã¨∞"åã¨# `«Q^æÆ ∞Œ . K≥@∞ì „H˜O^Œ ‰õÄ~°∞ÛO_ç É’kèOz<å QÆ∞~°∞=Ù QÍi É’^è#Œ qÅ∞=`«Q^æÆ ∞Œ . ѨÓi QÆ∞_çÃãÖ’ =Ù<åfl, HÍ~°_q» Ö’ =Ù<åfl nè=∞O`«∞x `Õ[ã¨∞û `«Q^æÆ ∞Œ . hu : `≥eqHõÅ"å_»∞ ZHõ¯_»∞<åfl ~å}˜™êÎ_∞» . "åºMϺ#O : „ѨuÉèÏ=O`«∞ÖˇH¯õ _»∞<åfl ~å}˜™êÎ~x° ~ÚK«Û@ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. J_»qÖ’ ѨÓz<å, =∞ÖˇÑ¡ Ó¨ =Ù ã¨∞"åã¨# `«yáæ È^Œ∞. K≥@∞ì„H˜O^Œ ‰õÄ~°∞ÛO_ç K«^∞Œ =Ù K≥ÑÊ≤ <å, ã¨^∞Œ ~æ ∞° x É’^è<Œ åâ◊HΘ ‰õΩO@∞Ѩ_^» ∞Œ . QÆ∞_çÃãÖ’ x=ã≤ã∞¨ <Î åfl, J_»=ÙÖ’¡=Ù<åfl „ѨuÉèÏ=O`«∞x `Õ[ã¨∞û `«iyáÈ^Œ∞. Meaning: The fragrance of a jasmine flower does in no way become less even if it blooms in a forest. The value of the teaching of a teacher is no less erudite even if he teaches under a tree. The brilliance of a learned man does not dim whether he is in a thick forest or in a humble cottage. Erudite = áêO_ç`º« O Moral: An intelligent, learned man is sure to shine wherever he is.

V

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

49

7. ™êfi~°÷ Ѩ^Œúu 62.

™êfi~°÷=Ú#∞ [~ÚOK«∞ ã¨O™ê¯~°"Õ∞, ÉèË^Œ =∞QÆ∞#∞, =∂#=Ù#‰õΩ =∞$QÆ=Ú#‰õΩ#∞, ™êfi~°=÷ Ú#∞ [~ÚOѨ*ÏÅx =∞#∞AO_»∞ q∞yeáÈ=Ù [QÆu =∞$QÆ=ÚQÍ<≥. – =∂#= w`«

ÉèÏ=O : ™êfi~°÷ â◊HxΘ [~ÚOK«QÅÆ ã¨O™ê¯~°=Ú#fl"å_Õ =∂#=Ù_»∞. ™êfi~°â÷ H◊ xΘ [~ÚOK«ÖxË "å_»∞ =∞$QÆOQÍ q∞yeáÈ`å_»∞. JO^Œ∞=Å¡, „Ѩu #~°∞_»∞ =∞$QÆ`fi« ^Œâ◊ #∞O_ç =∂#=`«fi ^Œâ‰◊ Ωõ Z^ŒQÍe. ^•xH˜ `åºQÆO J=ã¨~°O. hu : ™êfi~å÷xfl [~ÚOz#"å_Õ =∂#=Ù_»∞. "åºMϺ#O : ™êfi~å÷xfl [~ÚOK«_"» ∞Õ =∂#=`«fi=∞x ~ÚHõ¯_» K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. ™êfi~°O÷ ã¨~fi° r=ÙʼnõΩ ™ê=∂#º ^è~Œ ‡° O. HÍx, ã¨O™ê¯~°O`À D ™êfi~å÷xfl [~ÚOK«_"» ∞Õ =∂#=Ù#‰õΩ, =∞$QÍxH˜ =Ù#fl Éè^Ë OŒ . ™êfi~å÷xfl [~ÚOK«ÖxË =∂#=Ù_»∞ =∞$QÆOÖψQ q∞yeáÈ`å_»∞. =∂#=Ù_»∞ `«# q*Ï˝# â◊H`Θ À ™êfi~å÷xfl [~ÚOKåe. Meaning: A truly cultured man is one who is able to conquer selfishness. The difference between a human being and a beast is the ability of man to overcome selfishness. If a human being cannot conquer selfishness he will remain a beast. Moral: A true human being is one who has overcome selfishness.

V 63.

ã¨HÅõ r=`«uH˜ ã¨iѨ_∞» J#fl=Ú‡ ^èŒ~°}˜QÆ~°ƒù=∞O^Œ∞ ^•yÜ«ÚO_≥ ^•x H˘~°ÔH #~°∞_»∞ "Õ#"ÕÖò Ü«Ú^•úÅ∞ [iÑ≤<å_»∞, <Õ_»∞ [~°∞ѨÙK«∞O_≥. – =∂#=w`«

ÉèÏ=O : Éè∂í QÆ~ƒ° Où Ö’ Jxfl r=ÙʼnõΩ ã¨iѨ_Õ PǨ~°O ^•y =ÙOk. ÃÑ~· ∞° ѨO@Å ^•fi~å Jk =∞#‰õΩ Åaèã∞¨ OÎ k. Éè∂í QÆ~ƒ° Où Ö’ =Ù#fl Yx[ ã¨OѨ^Œ ‰õÄ_® PǨ~° ™ê^è#Œ ‰õΩ J=ã¨~O° . ^•x H˘~°‰Ωõ K«i„`«Ö’ =∂#=Ù_≥<Àfl Ü«Ú^•úÅ∞ KÕã<≤ å_»∞, KÕã∞¨ <Î åfl_»∞. ™êfi~°"÷ ∞Õ nxHõO`«‰Ωõ =¸ÅO. hu : ™êfi~°"÷ ∞Õ , „ѨÑO¨ K«OÖ’ [iˆQ Jxfl Ü«Ú^•úʼnõΩ HÍ~°}O. Ü«Ú^ŒOú q<åâ◊¿ÇÏ`«∞=Ù.

50

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

"åºMϺ#O : [x‡Oz# „Ѩu a_»‰¤ Ωõ ã¨fiÜ«∞OáÈ+¨Hõ â◊HΘ =KÕÛ^•Hõ HÍ=Åã≤# PǨ~åxfl, „ѨH$õ u `«e¡ K«#∞ÉÏÅÖ’ ^•z =ÙOzOk. a_»¤ ÃÑ^Œ^Ì #·≥ `«~åfi`« HÍ=Åã≤# PǨ~åxfl, Éè∂í =∂`« QÆ~ƒ° Où Ö’ „ѨH$õ u ^•z =ÙOzOk. P PǨ~åxfl KÕlH˜¯OK«∞HÀ=_»O HÀã¨"∞Õ =∂#=ÙÅ∞ "Õ#"ÕÅ∞ Ü«Ú^•úÅ∞ KÕâß~°∞, KÕã∞¨ <Î åfl~°∞. nxH˜ ™êfi~°"÷ ∞Õ =¸Å=∞x =∞#O `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ"åe. HÍ|\˜ì âßOux HÀˆ~"å~°∞ ™êfi~å÷xfl q_çzÃÑ\Ïìe. Meaning: Food for the need of entire mankind is found in the bowels of the earth. It appears as grain and man can harvest it. The mineral wealth inside the earth helps man to prosper. Down the ages, greed for this wealth has caused many wars, and wars are still being waged in the present day. The main cause for all this misery is greed and selfishness in man. Moral: Greed and selfishness are the main causes of all wars in this world.

V 64.

J_»qÖ’x [O`«∞"åHõÖ#·ˇ ѨC_»∞ uO_ç u#∞#∞ Hõ_∞» Ѩ٠xO_»∞ =~°HÔ J@∞ÅQÍHõ, =∞#∞A_®â◊`À ã¨~fi° =Ú‡ ^ÀK«∞H˘#∞#∞ Ñ≤^ŒÑ¨^•K«∞H˘#∞#∞. – =∂#=w`«

ÉèÏ=O : J_»qÖ’ =ÙO_Õ [O`«∞=Ù PHõÖ#·ˇ ѨC_Õ =∞~˘Hõ [O`«∞=Ù#∞ K«OÑ≤ uO@∞Ok. =∞x+≤ J\Ï¡ HÍ^Œ∞ Pâ◊`À ã¨~fi° ã¨OѨ^eŒ fl ^ÀK«∞H˘O\Ï_»∞. `«~åfi`« ^•K«∞H˘O\Ï_»∞. D q+¨Ü∞« OÖ’ =∞x+≤, [O`«∞=Ù HõO>ˇ Ç‘Ï#∞_»x K≥Ñʨ =K«∞Û. hu : =∂#=Ù_»∞ [O`«∞ ^Œâ◊ #∞O_ç =∂#=`«fi ^Œâ‰◊ Ωõ Z^ŒQÍe. "åºMϺ#O : WHõ¯_» [O`«∞=ÙʼnõΩ, =∂#=ÙʼnõΩ =Ù#fl Éè^Ë •xfl QÆ∂iÛ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. J_»qÖ’ =Ù#fl [O`«∞=Ù PHõeÜ≥∞ÿ #ѨC_»∞ =∂„`«"∞Õ WOH˘Hõ [O`«∞=Ù#∞ K«OÑ≤, PHõe fˆ~ =~°‰Ωõ uO@∞Ok. `«~åfiu k<åʼnõΩ PǨ~åxfl ^•zÃÑ@∞ìH˘#^Œ∞. =∂#=Ù_»\Ï¡ HÍ^Œ∞. PHõe fi# `«~åfi`« ‰õÄ_», PǨ~åxfl Pâ◊`À ^ÀK«∞H˘x ^•K«∞H˘O\Ï_»∞. D q+¨Ü∞« OÖ’ =∂#=Ù_»∞ [O`«∞=Ù HõO>Ë Ç‘Ï#OQÍ „Ѩ=iÎã∞¨ <Î åfl_»∞. Meaning: The beast in the forest kills only to satisfy its hunger. Man, on the other hand plunders to satisfy his greed and then hoards his plunder. This act of his makes him far inferior to any beast. Plunder = ^ÀK«∞HÀ=_»O, Hoard = ^•K«∞HÀ=_»O Moral: Mankind has to progress from the beastly level to a human level.

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51

65.

^ÀK«∞H˘<≥_»∞ "å~°∞, ^ÀK«|_≥_»∞ "å~°∞ `≥QÆÅ∞ Ô~O_»∞ HõÅ=Ù [QÆu Ü«∞O^Œ∞ "åi =∞^茺 [~°∞QÆ∞ áÈ~å@"Õ∞ <Õ\ ˜ Ѷ∞¨ ’~°H$õ `«º=ÚʼnõΩ HÍ~°}=Ú‡. – =∂#=w`«

ÉèÏ=O : „ѨÑO¨ K«OÖ’ ^ÀK«∞H˘<Õ"å~°∞, ^ÀK«|_Õ"å~°∞ Jx ~Ô O_»∞ `≥QÅÆ =∞#∞+¨μÅ∞<åfl~°∞. "åi =∞^躌 [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞#fl x~°O`«~"° ∞≥ #ÿ áÈ~å@"Õ∞, ~¸<å\˜ Ѷ∞¨ ’~°H$õ `åºÅ‰õΩ HÍ~°}O. D ^ÀÑ≤_ç q^è•<åxfl JiHõ\#ì˜ Ñ¨Ù_Õ Ö’HõOÖ’ ã¨∞YâßO`«∞Å∞ U~°Ê_»∞`å~Ú. hu : ™êfi~°Ñ÷ ~¨ ∞° Å ^ÀÑ≤_xç , JiHõ\ #ì˜ Ñ¨Ù_Õ Ö’HõOÖ’ ã¨∞YâßO`«∞Å∞O\Ï~Ú. "åºMϺ#O : |Å=O`«∞Å∞, |ÅÇ‘Ï#∞efl ÖÁOQÆnã¨∞H˘x, "åi ã¨OѨ^#Œ ∞ ^ÀK«∞H˘O\Ï~°∞. Wk J<åkQÍ Ö’HõOÖ’ [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞#fl q+¨Ü∞« O. JO^Œ∞=Å¡, ã¨=∂[OÖ’ ^ÀK«∞H˘<Õ"å~°∞, ^ÀK«|_Õ"å~°∞ J<Õ ~Ô O_»∞ `≥QÅÆ ∞ U~°Ê_®¤~Ú. D ~Ô O_»∞ `≥QÅÆ =∞^躌 [iˆQ áÈ~å@"Õ∞, Z<Àfl Ѷ∞¨ ’~°H$õ `åºÅ‰õΩ HÍ~°}=∞ø`«∞#flk. D áÈ~å\Ïxfl PÑ≤#ѨC_Õ Ö’HõOÖ’ ã¨∞YâßO`«∞Å∞O\Ï~Ú. Meaning: There are two groups in the human world. They are, those who plunder and those who are plundered. It is the struggle between these two groups that causes all the terrible acts that shatter the world. When such a state of affairs is controlled, peace and prosperity can reign in the world. Reign = rule Moral: Peace and joy can fill the world only when the greed and selfishness in man is controlled.

V

52

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

8. J~°÷ Ѩ^Œúu 66.

WK«∞Û"åx Ü≥Ú^ŒÌ hÜ«∞x "å_»∞#fl K«K∞« ÛQÍx ~¸q ™êQÆh_»∞ HõÅÊ`«~°∞=Ù „H˜O^Œ QÆK«ÛK≥@∞ì#fl@∞¡ qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞!

ÉèÏ=O : ^•`« ^ŒQ~æÆ ° Ö’aè KÕi#@¡~Ú`Õ, J`«_∞» Z=fiiH© Ug∞ ~¸Ü«∞hÜ«∞_»∞. "å_»∞ HõÅÊ=$HõOΔ „H˜O^Œ =ÚO_»`¡ À ‰õÄ_»∞H˘#fl QÆKÛ« á⁄^ŒÖÏO\˜"å_»∞. hu : Ö’aèx ^Œ∂~°OQÍ =ÙOKåe. "åºMϺ#O : HõÅÊ`«~∞° =Ù JO>Ë =∞#O HÀi# Ѷ֨ ÏÅxKÕÛ ^Õ=`å =$HõOΔ . ^•x ^ŒQ~æÆ ° =ÚO_»`¡ À xO_ç# QÆKÛ« K≥@∞ì =ÙO>Ë, JHõ¯_çH˜ Z=~°∞#∞ áÈÖË~∞° . P Ѷ֨ ÏÅ#∞ JO^Œ∞HÀÖË~∞° , J^Õ q^èOŒ QÍ XHõ ^•#je =^Œ,Ì Ö’aè KÕi`Õ, Ji÷OKÕ"åix ^ŒQ~æÆ ‰° Ωõ ~åhÜ«∞_»∞ ^•#je "åiÔH\˜ì ™êÜ«∞O KÕÜ∞« ÖË_∞» . Meaning: If a miser is close to a generous man, he will not allow him to give anything in charity to anyone. The mythical tree of paradise is the ‘kalpavriksha’ which is capable of granting anything that one desires. A miser is like the thorny bush, under the kalpavriksha, which prevents all from the benefits it grants. Moral: One is wise to keep away from miserly men.

V 67.

^è#Œ =Ú ‰õÄ_»É\ˇ ì˜ ^•#O|∞ ¿ãÜ«∞Hõ `å#∞ u#Hõ Öˇã¨û^•K«∞ Ö’aè, `Õ<\≥ Q© Æ ‰õÄiÛ `≥~∞° =iH˜Ü∞« º^• qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞!

ÉèÏ=O : `å#∞ u#‰õΩO_®, ^•#O KÕÜ∞« ‰õΩO_®, Ö’aè ‰õÄ_»É\ˇ #ì˜ ^è#Œ O, z=~°‰Ωõ Ѩ~∞° ÅáêÖ∫`«∞Ok. `Õ<\≥ Q© ÅÆ ∞ `Õ<`≥ >≥ Öìˇ ’ ‰õÄiÛ ÃÑ\˜#ì `Õ<,≥ z=~°‰Ωõ XHõ ÉÏ@™êi áê֡ᷠÈ`«∞Ok QÆ^•. áêzѨO_»¡ "å_»∞ ^•zÃÑ_ç`Õ |OQÍ~°∞ ѨO_»¡ "å_»∞ uO\Ï_»∞. hu : Ö’aè ^è#Œ O Ѩ~∞° Å áêÅ=Ù`«∞Ok Hõ#∞Hõ ^è<Œ åxfl ã¨kfixÜ≥∂QÆO KÕÜ∂« e. J~å÷Å∞ : `≥~∞° =i ´ ÉÏ@™êi

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

53

"åºMϺ#O : ÉÏźOÖ’ ^•i„^ŒºO =Å¡, Z<Àfl HõëêìÅ#∞ Z^Œ∞~˘¯x, K«^Œ∞=ÙH˘x, XHõ =$uÎx KÕѨ\ ˜ì ^è<Œ å~°#˚ KÕ¿ã"å~°∞ ZO^Œ~À Ö’HõOÖ’ =Ù<åfl~°∞. z#flѨC_»∞ ^è#Œ O ÖËH,õ Ѩ_¤» ÉÏ^èeŒ fl `«ÅK«∞H˘O@∂ `å=Ú ã¨OáêkOz# ^è<Œ åxfl JѨÙ~°∂ѨOQÍ K«∂K«∞H˘x, ^•xx `«=∞ HÀã¨O HÍx, `«=∞ ÉèÏ~°º HÀã¨O HÍx Y~°∞Û ÃÑ@ì_®xH˜ W+¨Ñì _¨ H» ,õ ^•K«∞H˘<Õ"å~°∞ ‰õÄ_» =Ù<åfl~°∞. JÖÏ ^•K«∞H˘#fl ^è#Œ O ^˘OQÆÅ áê֡ᷠÈ=K«∞Û. P^•Ü«∞O Ѩ#∞fl âßY"åi KÕuH˜ zHõ¯=K«∞Û. P q^èOŒ QÍ ‰õÄ_»É\ˇ #ì˜ ^è<Œ åxfl Ö’aè áÈQ˘@∞ì‰Ωõ O\Ï_»∞. Meaning: A miser, who does not spend on himself, or others, keeps his wealth untouched. He does not realize that one day that wealth will find its way into another’s hands, like honey, that is collected so diligently by the bees, is enjoyed by someone else.

úŒ À Diligently = „â◊^` Moral: A miser’s wealth is never used by him and is used by others after him. Wealth is meant to be spent well for good actions.

V 68.

Hõeq∞QÆÅ∞æ<å_»∞, HÍ#_»∞ =∞^Œ=Ú# ÖËq∞ <å_»∞ "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ ÖË^Œ∞ÃÑ@ì, Hõeq∞ÖËq∞ ÖËx HÍÅ=Ú‡ QÆÅ∞QÆ∞<å! qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞!

ÉèÏ=O : ^è#Œ O =Ù#fl<å_»∞ QÆ~fi° O`À Z=fiiH© ^•#O KÕÜ∞« _»∞. ^è#Œ O ÖËx <å_»∞ `å#∞ ^•#O KÕÜ∂« Å#∞H˘<åfl KÕÜ∞« ÖË_∞» . Hõeq∞, ÖËq∞ ~Ô O_»∞ ÖËx HÍÅO =ÙO_»^∞Œ Hõ^•! hu : ^è#Œ O L#flѨC_Õ ^•#O KÕÜ∂« e. "åºMϺ#O : `«e^¡ OŒ „_»∞Å #∞O_ç QÍx, `«=∞ ã¨fiÜ«∞OHõ$+≤ =Å¡ QÍx, ^è<Œ åxfl á⁄O^Õ"å~°∞ ZO^Œ~À =Ù<åfl~°∞. JÖÏ ^è#Œ =O`«∞Öˇ#· H˘O^Œ~∞° ^è#Œ QÆ~fi° O`À =∞kOz, Z=fiiH© ^•#O QÍx, ™êÜ«∞O QÍx KÕÜ∞« ~°∞. J#∞HÀ‰õΩO_» "åºáê~°OÖ’ =zÛ# #+¨Oì =Å¡ QÍx, `«=∞ Ñ≤ÅÅ¡ ∞ ^Œ∞ÉÏ~å KÕÜ∞« _»O =Å¡ QÍx, "å~å ^è<Œ åxfl áÈQ˘@∞ìH˘O\Ï~°∞. JѨC_»∞ ^•#^è~Œ å‡Å∞ KÕÜ∂« Åx "å~°∞ „ѨÜ∞« uflOz<å "åi KÕuÖ’ ^è#Œ O ÖË#O^Œ∞=Å¡, P „ѨÜ∞« `åflÅ∞ Ѷe¨ OK«=Ù. ^è#Œ O KÕuÖ’ =Ù#flѨC_»∞ J\˜ì Ѩ#∞Å∞ KÕÜ∞« ÖËHáõ ÈÜ«∂=∞x "å~°∞ zO`«Ö’ =ÚxyáÈ`å~°∞. ^è#Œ O L#fl HÍÅO =ÙO@∞Ok. ^è#Œ O ÖËx HÍÅO =ÙO@∞Ok. ~Ô O_»∞ ÖËx HÍÅO =ÙO_»^xŒ "å~°∞ PÅ㨺OQÍ `≥Å∞ã¨∞H˘O\Ï~°∞. Meaning: A rich man has no heart to spend when he is prosperous and wealthy as his riches blind him with arrogance. He does not share his wealth with anyone. A man in poverty cannot be generous because he does not have the ability to do so. It is strange

54

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

that people cannot spend for charitable acts, when they are well off and when in poverty they have nothing to spend. Either riches or poverty are with man all the time. Moral: A man should be generous when he has money.

V 69.

^è#Œ =Ú ÖËq∞ Ü«∞#∞@ ^•"å#ÅO|QÆ∞ `«#∞fl *ˇ~°K«∞ `«#^Œ∞ ^•Ñ¨Ù*ˇ~°K«∞ ^è#Œ =Ú ÖËq∞, =∞kx `«ÅK«∞@ áêѨO|∞ qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞!

ÉèÏ=O : ^•i„^ŒºO ^•"åyfl ÖÏO\˜k. Jk ^Œi„^Œ∞}Ë‚ HÍ^Œ∞, J`«x ^ŒQ~æÆ ° =Ù#fl "åà◊§#∞ ‰õÄ_» HÍÖËÛã¨∞OÎ k. ^•i„^•ºxfl QÆ∂iÛ `«ÅK«∞HÀ=_»O áêѨO. Jk XHõ ÃÑ^ŒÌ Ñ‘_H» Åõ ÖÏO\˜k. hu : ^•i„^ŒºO =∞Ǩ ÉèÜ í ∞« OHõ~"° ∞≥ #ÿ k. Jk Ü≥∞=iH© ~å‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . "åºMϺ#O : Pã≤áÎ êã¨∞ÅÎ ∞ ÖËH,õ ~Ô Hͯ_ç`Õ HÍx, _˘Hͯ_»x x~°∞¿Ñ^Œefl „QÍ=∂ÅÖ’, Ѩ@} ì ÏÅÖ’x |ã‘ÖÎ ’¡x, =ÚiH˜"å_»Ö’¡ =∞#O K«∂ã¨∞<Î åflO. "åiH˜ u#_®xH˜ ã¨iÜ≥∞ÿ # uO_ç, „`åQÆ_®xH˜ =∞Ozhà◊√§, LO_»_®xH˜ â◊√„Éè"í ∞≥ #ÿ WÅ∞¡ =ÙO_»=Ù. JHõ¯_» ^Œ∞~°Oæ ^èOŒ ‰õÄ_® "åºÑ≤Oz Ü«ÚO@∞Ok. J\˜ì ^•~°∞} Ѩiã≤u÷ , P „áêO`åxHõO`å qã¨iÎ Oz =ÙO@∞Ok. <åQÆi‰õΩÖˇ#· "å~°∞ P „áêO`åxfl ^Œi≈OK«~∞° . J\˜ì ^Œ∞~°ƒ~ù ^° •i„^•ºxfl, =ÓÇ≤ÏOK«∞HÀ=_»"∞Õ <åQÆiHõ ã¨=∂*ÏxH˜ Ñ‘_H» Åõ ÖÏO\˜k. HÍ|\˜ì ã¨fiÜ«∞OHõ$+≤`À ^Œi„^•ºxfl ^Œi^•Ñ¨ÙʼnõΩ ~å‰õΩO_® K«∂K«∞HÀ"åe. Meaning: Poverty is like a fire. It consumes not only the poor man but all those around him. It is wrong to even dwell on the thought of poverty. It is nothing short of a night mare. Nightmare = frightening dream, ^Œ∞ã¨ûfiѨflO† dwell = PÖ’K«# xÅ∞ѨÙ@ Moral: Poverty is very frightening. It should never happen to anyone.

V 70.

HõÅ<å\˜ ^è#Œ =Ú ÅHõ¯~° QÆÅ<å\˜H˜ ^•K«, QÆ=∞ÅQÆ~∞° ƒùx =â◊=∂? <≥Å#_çq∞<å\˜ "≥<fl≥ Å Ü«∞Å=_»∞<Õ QÍ^≥É’Ü«∞ #=∞=ã¨xã≤H˜<£. – ÃÑ^Œ#Ì

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

55

ÉèÏ=O : ã¨OѨ^ÖŒ ’ =Ù#flѨÙ_»∞ `«# ^ŒQ~æÆ ° =Ù#fl ^è<Œ åxfl, J=ã¨~O° =zÛ# <å\˜H˜ ^•z =ÙOK«_O» Z=fiiH˜ ™ê^躌 O HÍ^Œ∞. ѨÙ#flq∞<å_»∞ HÍz# "≥<fl≥ Å#∞, J=∂"å㨺 <å\˜H˜ ^•z =ÙOK«∞HÀ=_»O ™ê^躌 "Õ∞<å? hu : L#fl<å\˜ ^è#Œ O, J=ã¨~=° Ú#fl <å\˜H˜ ^•z=ÙOK«Ö=Ë Ú. "åºMϺ#O : XHõ =ºH˜HÎ ,˜ `«e^¡ OŒ „_»∞Å ^•fi~å É’Öˇ_∞» Pã≤Î ÅaèOzOk. ÉèÏ~°º ^•fi~å ÃÑ^ŒÌ Hõ@flO =zÛOk. WÅ∞¡, á⁄ÅO, #QÆÅ∞ W`åºk ã¨OѨ^ÅŒ ∞ ã¨=∞‰õÄ_®~Ú. #_»=∞O„`«ÑÙ¨ ã≤iÖ’ Xà◊√¡ `≥eÜ«∞Hõ J`«_∞» qÖÏ™êÅÖ’ =Úxy =ºã¨<åʼnõΩ Ö’|_ç, Pã≤#Î O`å Hõ~∂° Ê~°OÖÏQÍ Hõ~y° OKÕâß_»∞. XHõ¯ ÃÑ™· ê ‰õÄ_® KÕuÖ’ ÖË#O^Œ∞=Å¡, k#O QÆ_=» _»O Hõ+"ì¨ ∞≥ áÿ È~ÚOk. J`«x P~ÀQƺO ‰õÄ_» H©} Δ O˜ zOk. J\˜ì PѨ^ÅŒ Ö’ #∞Oz ɡ@ · Ѩ__» ®xH˜ J`«xH˜ ^èŒ#O J=ã¨~°"≥∞ÿ#k. HÍx P ^èŒ#O J`«xH˜ ÅÉèíºO HÍÖË^Œ∞. `«# ^ŒQÆæ~° ^èŒ#O =Ù#flѨC_»∞ J=ã¨~åxH˜ ѨxH˜ =ã¨∞OÎ ^Œx H˘OK≥O ‰õÄ_» ^•xfl ^•K«∞HÀÖËHáõ ÈÜ«∂_»∞. ѨÙ#flq∞ <å\˜ "≥<fl≥ Å#∞ J=∂"å㨺 <å\˜H˜ ^•K«∞HÀ=_»O ™ê^躌 O HÍ^Œx PÅ㨺OQÍ J`«_∞» `≥eã≤H˘<åfl_»∞. Meaning: It does not seem possible to keep aside any amount of wealth for a future rainy day. A man may find that on a day he really needs money he may have none, even though he had been wealthy in the past. The poet asks whether it is possible to store the moonlight of a full moon for the dark night of the new moon. Moral: Wealth in hand today may not be there for the hour of need, tomorrow.

V 71.

U #~°∞#‰õΩ q`«=Î ÚQÆÅ, ^•#~°∞_»∞ ‰õΩb#∞_» kè‰õΩ_®~°∞º_»`«O_Õ nèxkè, ^èŒ#∞º_»∞ <Õ~°Êi, <å<åQÆ∞}QÆ}=Ú HÍOK«#=Ú‡##∞O_»∞<£ – Éèí~°Î $ǨÏi

ÉèÏ=O : Z=x ^ŒQÆæ~° ^èŒ#O =ÙO@∞O^À, J`«_Õ =∞Oz =Oâ◊OÖ’ [x‡Oz#"å_»x, Q˘Ñ¨Ê"å_»x, "Õ∞^è•=O`«∞_»x, <Õ~∞° Ê QÆÅ"å_»x, [#‡ ^è#Œ ºO KÕã∞¨ H˘#fl"å_»x [#O H©i™Î êÎ~∞° . Jxfl QÆ∞}ÏÅ∞ ^è#Œ OÖ’ =Ù<åflÜ«∞O@∞On Ö’HõO. hu : ^è#Œ O =Ù#fl "åˆ~ Ö’HõOÖ’ Q˘Ñ¨ÊQÍ K«∂_»|_»`å~°∞. Hõ#∞Hõ =∂#=ÙÅ∞ ^è<Œ å~°#˚ KÕÜ∞« _»O J=ã¨~O° . J~å÷Å∞ : HÍOK«#=Ú ´ |OQÍ~°O. "åºMϺ#O : Ö’Hõ ã¨fiÉèÏ=O qz„`«"∞≥ #ÿ k. ^è#Œ "Õ∞ Ö’HÍxfl #_çÑã≤ ∞¨ OÎ ^Œx Ö’‰õΩÅ∞ qâ◊fiã≤™êÎ~∞° . ^è#Œ O QÆÅ"å_Õ JxflO\˜Ö’ Q˘Ñ¨Ê"å_»x =∂\Ï¡_`» å~°∞. J`«_Õ L`«=Î ∞ =Oâ◊ã∞¨ _÷ x» , "Õ∞^è•=O`«∞_»x, ÃÑ^ŒÌ =∞x+≤ Jx, [#‡ ^è#Œ ºO KÕã∞¨ H˘#fl"å_»x, <Õ~∞° ÊQÆÅ"å_»x "Õ<Àà◊¡ H©i™Î êÎ~∞° . J`«}‚˜ |OQÍ~°O`À áÈÅ∞™êÎ~∞° . ^è#Œ O áÈQ˘@∞ìH˘<åfl_»O>Ë, J`«}‚˜ xHõ$+¨μ_‚ x» `≥Q_Æ ∞» `å~°∞. 56

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

Meaning: Whoever has a great deal of wealth in his possession he is accepted by the world as being born of noble blood. He is also described as a great man, a very intelligent man, a capable man and as one who is a truly blessed man. The world showers praise on him. The world seems to presume that all virtues are found in wealth alone. Presume = take for granted Moral: Only a man of wealth is highly respected by all. Hence it is necessary to earn wealth.

V 72.

PHõex q∞Oz Éè∞í l~ÚOK«∞#\˜ì "å_» r~°~‚ ÀQÆO|∞KÕ ÉÏ^èŒ *ˇOk#@∞¡ J=ã¨~=° Ú#∞ q∞Oz, ^è<Œ å~°#˚ =Ú‡ ã¨Å∞ѨÙ"å_˘O^Œ∞ ã¨OѨkfiëê^ŒQÆux. – =∂#= w`«

ÉèÏ=O : PHõex q∞Oz J#flO u#fl"å_»∞ Jr~°"‚ åºkè`À ÉÏ^èÑŒ _¨ `» å_»∞. JÖψQ, J=ã¨~åxfl q∞Oz ^è#Œ =∂i˚Oz#"å_»∞ ‰õΩ@∞O|OÖ’, ã¨=∂[OÖ’ `«ÅÜ≥∞`ÕÎ J#~å÷Å =Å¡ ÉÏ^èÅŒ ‰õΩ Ö’#=Ù`å_»∞. hu : JuQÍ uO>Ë JriÎ ÉÏ^è.Œ JuQÍ Pi˚¿ãÎ ^•K«∞H˘<Õ ÉÏ^è.Œ "åºMϺ#O : PHõe fˆ~@O`« =~°‰Ωõ J#flO u#_»O P~ÀQƺHõ~O° . PHõex q∞Oz Éè’[#O KÕã#≤ "å_»∞ Jr~°‚ ~ÀQÍxH˜ QÆ∞i J=Ù`å_»∞. J^Õ q^èOŒ QÍ, `«#‰õΩ HÍ=Åã≤# ^•xHõO>Ë Z‰õΩ¯= ^è#Œ O Pi˚Oz#"å_»∞ Z<Àfl ã¨=∞㨺efl Z^Œ∞~˘¯#=Åã≤ =ã¨∞OÎ k. ^è#Œ =∞^ŒO`À ‰õΩ@∞O| ã¨É∞íè ºÖË =ºã¨<åʼnõΩ ÉÏxã¨Å∞ HÍ=K«∞Û. "å~°∞ `«=∞ ^Œ∞¢+ʨ =~°#Î `À W~°∞QÆ∞á⁄~°∞QÆ∞ "åi`À HõÅǨÅ∞ H˘x`≥K∞« ÛHÀ=K«∞Û. Wk =∞x+≤x =∞#âß≈OuH˜ ^Œ∂~°O KÕã∞¨ OÎ k. nx<Õ ã¨OѨkfiëê^Œ=∞O\Ï~°∞. Meaning: A man who eats beyond satisfying his hunger has to suffer with indigestion. One who earns more than is necessary has to suffer with the problems that arise from his family and society, who wish to take away that money from him. Moral:Eat more and suffer indigestion. Earn more wealth and suffer in trying to protect it.

V

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

57

73.

ѨÙ`«Î_çQÆÅ"åx ѨÙO_»∞ ÉÏ^è≥·##∞ =ã¨∞^èŒÖ’# KåÅ"å~°Î ÔH‰õΩ¯ ¿Ñ^Œ"åx WO\˜ÃÑO_≥#¡ Z~°∞QÆ~∞° qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞!

ÉèÏ=O : ^è#Œ O QÆÅ"åx ѨÙO_»∞, ÉÏ^èÃŒ Ñ_Õ,Î Ö’HÍxHõO`å Jk "å~°Î J=Ù`«∞Ok. J^Õ ¿Ñ^Œ"å_ç WO\’¡ ÃÑO_ç¡ J~Ú`Õ ‰õÄ_», Z=fiiH˜ `≥eÜ«∞^Œ∞. hu : ^è#Œ O QÆÅ"å_»∞ U z#flѨx KÕã<≤ å ÃÑ^ŒÌ "å~°Î J=Ù`«∞Ok. J~å÷Å∞ : ѨÙ`«_Î ç ´ |OQÍ~°O "åºMϺ#O : ^è#Œ =O`«∞xH˜ z#fl ѨÙO_»∞ ÖË¿ã,Î ^•x ÉÏ^è#Œ ∞ QÆ∂iÛ ÃÑ^ŒQÌ Í ~å™êÎ~∞° Ѩ„uHõÅ"åà◊√.¡ J^Õ x~°∞¿Ñ^Œ"åx ~ÚO\’¡ ÃÑO_ç¡ J~Ú`Õ ‰õÄ_» "å~°∞ Ѩ\ Oì˜ K«∞HÀ~°∞. nxx |\˜,ì „Ñ¨ÑO¨ K«O =∞#∞+¨μÅ HõO>ˇ ^è<Œ åxH˜ Z‰õΩ¯= qÅ∞= Wã¨∞OÎ ^Œx J~°=÷ ∞ø`«∞Ok. Meaning: A sore troubling a rich man, becomes big news, that spreads far and wide, while a wedding in a poor man’s home goes totally unnoticed. sore = ѨÙO_»∞ Moral: Even a minor event in a rich man’s house is big news.

V

58

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

9. JkèHÍ~° Ѩ^Œúu 74.

JkèHÍ~° QÆ~åfiO^èŒ∞ _»_»¤^•~°∞Å∞ "≥^Œ‰õΩ `«# QÀuÖ’ `å#∞ Ѩ_çáÈ=Ù `«∞^Œ‰õΩ. – =∂#=w`«

ÉèÏ=O : JkèHÍ~°O`À QÆifiOz, HõO_»∞¡ =¸ã¨∞‰õΩáÈ~Ú#"å_»∞, `«# JkèHÍ~°O xÅ∞ѨÙHÀ=_®xH˜ Z<Àfl J_»^¤ •~°∞Å∞ "≥^‰Œ Ωõ `å_»∞. z=~°‰Ωõ , `å#∞ „`«=Ùfi‰õΩ#fl QÀuÖ’<Õ `å#∞ Ѩ_áç È`å_»∞. HÍ|\˜ì JkèHÍ~° QÆ~fi° O ѨxH˜~å^Œ∞. hu : JkèHÍ~°O`À q∞_çãÑ≤ _¨ `ç Õ QÀuÖ’ kQÆ|_»Hõ `«Ñʨ ^Œ∞. "åºMϺ#O : „ѨÑO¨ K« K«i„`«Ö’ Z<Àfl ™ê„=∂*ϺÅ∞ U~°Ê_®¤~Ú. ~å[=Oâ◊ã∞¨ Ö÷ #·ˇ K«„Hõ=~°∞ÅÎ ∞ JkèHÍ~°O K≥ÖÏ~ÚOKå~°∞. „Ѩ[Å u~°∞QÆ∞ÉÏ@∞ =Å¡ KåÅ ~å[=OâßÅ∞ JO`«iOzáÈÜ«∂~Ú. Z‰õΩ¯= ™ê„=∂*ϺÅ∞ JO`«iOK«_®xH˜ HÍ~°}O K«„Hõ=~°∞ÅÎ ∞ QÆ~åfiO^è∞Œ Öˇ· „Ѩ[Å#∞ Ç≤ÏOã≤OK«_"» ∞Õ . Meaning: A man with power is blinded with his arrogance and tries to safeguard his power by wrong methods. Finally he falls into the very trap that he has set himself. Thus men in power should realize, that pride can lead to their downfall. vanity = empty pride Moral: The vanity of a man in power leads to his downfall.

V 75.

㨢`Ê« =~°#Î =Ú‡ [QÆu <ÕÖ#ˇ ∞ =Ú#∞fl J~°|÷ Å=Ú ^•x #}QÆ„^˘ÔH¯ HõO_»|Å=Ú <Õ_»∞ QÆ^≥Ì<≥ÔH¯#∞ QÆ^• hu ÖËH,õ áêѨ cèu ÖËH.õ – =∂#= w`«

ÉèÏ=O : ѨÓ~°fiO 㨢`Ê« =~°#Î HõÅ"åˆ~ „Ѩ[Å JO_»`À JkèHÍ~°O KÕÑ>¨ "ìË å~°∞. `«~åfi`« ^è#Œ O HõÅ"å~°∞ ã¨[#˚ ∞efl J}QÆ„^˘H˜¯, ^è#Œ |ÅO`À ~å*ϺkèHÍ~åxfl KÕlH˜¯OK«∞HÀ=_»O "≥Ú^ŒÅ∞ÃÑ\Ïì~∞° . „Ѩã∞¨ `Î O« HõO_»|ÅO =Ù#fl"å~°∞ ^Ò~°#˚ ºO KÕã≤ KåÖÏ ^ÕâßÅÖ’ ~å*Ϻefl P„Hõq∞OK«∞H˘O@∞<åfl~°∞. "åiH˜ huQÍx, áêѨcuè QÍx ÖË=Ù. W\˜ì xÜ«∞O`«$`«fi áêÅ#‰õΩ ã¨fiã≤Î K≥áêÊeû# ÉÏ^躌 `« „Ѩ[ʼnõΩ, =ÚYºOQÍ Ü«Ú=`«‰Ωõ =ÙOk.

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

59

hu : ~å[ºO g~°É’è [º"Õ∞ HÍx KÀ~°É’è [ºO H͉õÄ_»^∞Œ . "åºMϺ#O : ~åA JO>Ë „Ѩ[Å#∞ ~°OlOѨ*Ü Ë Ú« "å_»x J~°O÷ . ѨÓ~°fiO 㨢`Ê« =~°#Î QÆÅ"åˆ~ ~å*ϺkèHÍ~°OÖ’ =ÙO_Õ"å~°∞. `«~åfi`« ^è#Œ |ÅO QÆÅ"å~°∞ P `«~åfi`« HõO_»|ÅO QÆÅ"å~°∞ ~å*ϺkèHÍ~åxfl á⁄O^•Åx J#∞‰õΩO@∞<åfl~°∞. „Ѩ*Ï™êfi=∞ºOÖ’ „Ѩ[Å∞ `«=∞ F@∞ǨωõΩ¯`À, D Ѩiã≤u÷ x =∂~°ÛQÆÅ~°x =∞#O Pt^•ÌO. Meaning: In the past, men of good character wielded power. Later money power overcame these noble men and they grabbed political power. Now, men of physical might bully people, have become very powerful. They have neither ethics nor fear of sin. Wield = hold and use; Grab = snatch Bully = threaten; Might = Strength, â◊HΘ Moral: A country should be ruled by heroic virtuous men and not by robbers and bullies.

V 76.

'Z=x jÅ=Ú‡<≥#· ѨsHõΔ ¿ãÜ«∞ <≥Ozu=ÜÕ∞x, JkèHÍ~°q∞zÛ K«∂_»∞— J#fl P~ÀºH˜ÖÎ ’x QÆ∂_è®~°"÷ ∞≥ iy DÜ«∞^ŒQ∞Æ , JkèHÍ~°=Ú‡<≥=iÔH#· . – =∂#= w`«

ÉèÏ=O : 'Z=i jÖÏ<≥fl· <å ѨsHõΔ KÕÜ∞« ^ŒÅ∞K«∞H˘O>Ë, ~å*ϺkèHÍ~åxfl ~ÚzÛ K«∂_»O_ç— J#flk P~ÀºH˜.Î WO^Œe J~°O÷ `≥eã≤H˘#fl`«~åfi`«<Õ Z=fiiÔH<· å ~å*ϺkèHÍ~°O W=fi_»O =∞Ozk. hu : jÅO ѨsH˜OΔ K«‰Ωõ O_® JkèHÍ~°O W=fi‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . "åºMϺ#O : 'JkèHÍ~°O JqhuH˜ ^•ifã¨∞OÎ k. ã¨OѨÓ~°"‚ ∞≥ #ÿ JkèHÍ~°O ã¨OѨÓ~°"‚ ∞≥ #ÿ JqhuH˜ ^•ifã¨∞OÎ k— J#flk Ö’HÀH˜Î. Z=i jÖÏ<≥·fl<å ѨsHõΔ KÕÜ«∞^ŒÅ∞K«∞H˘O>Ë, J`«xH˜ JkèHÍ~°q∞zÛ K«∂_»O_»x q+¨Ü∞« A˝Å<åfl~°∞. HÍ|\˜ì ѨsHõΔ ÃÑ\˜ì =∞Oz jÅO QÆÅ"åxˆH ~å*ϺkèHÍ~°O Hõ@Éì \ˇ Ïìe. Meaning: It is often said that the character of a man should be first tested and then the reins of power should be put in his hands. It is always better to entrust power to a deserving person, only after carefully making certain that he will not misuse it.

60

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reins = ѨQO æÆ ÖË^• HõàO¡‹ Moral: Power should be given to individuals, only after being certain about their character and sincerity.

V 77.

=∂ÖÏHÍ~°∞O_Õ QÆu ѨÓÅ#∞ „QÆÇÏ≤ ~ÚOK«∞, `Õ\ ˜ ѨÙ+¨Ê=∞~°O^ŒO ÉËbÅ„QÀÅ∞, J@∞Öˇ, #$ áêÅ∞_»∞ KÕH˘#QÆ=ÅÜ«Ú „Ѩ[Å^è#Œ =Ú‡Öò. – ã¨`º« O t=O ã¨∞O^Œ~O°

ÉèÏ=O : ѨÙ+¨ÊǨ~åÅ#∞ `«Ü∂« ~°∞KÕ¿ã"å_»∞ U q^èOŒ QÍ Ñ¨ÓÅ#∞ K≥@¡ #∞O_ç `«#Hõ=ã¨~"° ∞≥ #ÿ O`« =~°‰Ωõ , K≥@∞ì‰Ωõ #+¨Oì ~å‰õΩO_® HÀã¨∞‰õΩO\Ï_À, ѨÓÅÖ’x `Õ<#≥ ∞ U q^èOŒ QÍ `«∞"≥∞‡^Œ ѨÓʼnõΩ <˘Ñ≤Ê `«QÅÆ ‰õΩO_® „QÆÇÏ≤ ã¨∞OÎ ^À, P q^èOŒ QÍ ~åA „Ѩ[Å #∞O_ç ^è<Œ åxfl „QÆÇÏ≤ OKåe. „Ѩ[efl Ñ‘_Oç z Ѩ#∞flÅ∞ =ã¨∂Å∞ KÕÜ«∞‰õÄ_»^Œ∞. hu : ѨÓÅ #∞O_ç `Õ<\≥ Q© Æ `Õ<#≥ ∞ „QÆÇÏ≤ Oz#@∞¡ „ѨÉ∞íè =Ù „Ѩ[Å #∞O_ç ^è<Œ åxfl „QÆÇÏ≤ OKåe. "åºMϺ#O : ~åA „Ѩ[Å ^è<Œ åxfl ZÖÏ ã‘fiHõiOKåÖ’ WK«Û@ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. ~åA „Ѩ[Å Hˆ =Δ ∞O HÀã¨O „Ѩ[Å#∞ Ñ‘_Oç K«‰Ωõ O_», „Ѩ[Å #∞O_ç Ѩ#∞fl ~°∂ѨOÖ’ ^è<Œ åxfl =ã¨∂Å∞ KÕÜ∂« e. P =ã¨∂Å∞ ѨÓÅ^ŒO_»#∞ ‰õÄ~ˆ Û"å_»∞, fQƉΩõ ^≥|ƒ `«QÅÆ ‰õΩO_» U q^èOŒ QÍ Ñ¨ÓÅ#∞ HÀã¨∞H˘O\Ï_À `«∞"≥∞‡^Œ U q^èOŒ QÍ Ñ¨Ù=Ùfi‰õΩ <˘Ñ≤Ê ÖˉΩõ O_® `Õ<#≥ ∞ „QÆÇÏ≤ ã¨∞OÎ ^À P q^èOŒ QÍ =ÙO_®e. Meaning: A man who weaves garlands chooses his flowers with great care. He takes care that the trees and bushes are not harmed while he picks his flowers. As a bee sucks honey from the flowers, without causing pain to the flower, so also should a king ensure that he collects taxes from his subjects without troubling them. He should never harass his people and extract taxes. Moral: A king should collect taxes painlessly as a bee sucks honey from a flower.

V

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

61

10. =¸~°ö Ѩ^Œúu 78.

`«∞=∞‡K≥@∞ì =ÚO_»∞¡ `À_»<Õ Ñ¨Ù@∞ì#∞ q`«∞ÖÎ ’# #∞O_ç "≥_Å» ∞#@∞¡, =¸~°∞#ö ‰õΩ |∞kú =ÚO^Œ∞QÍ|∞@∞ì#∞ qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞!

ÉèÏ=O : ѨÙ\˜#ì ѨC_Õ `«∞=∞‡ K≥@∞ì‰Ωõ =ÚO_»∞¡ ѨÙ_»∞`å~Ú. Jq q`«∞Î #∞O_Õ „áê~°OÉè=í ∞ø`å~Ú. P su<Õ =¸~°∞xö H˜ K≥_|¤» ∞kú ѨÙ@∞ìH`õ À<Õ =ã¨∞OÎ k. hu : =¸~°∞xö H˜ =¸~°`ö fi« O ѨÙ@∞ìH`õ À<Õ =ã¨∞OÎ k. "åºMϺ#O : „Ѩu K≥@∞ì‰Ωõ , „Ѩu rqH˜ ^•x QÆ∞}O ^•x ѨÙ@∞ìH`õ À<Õ =ã¨∞OÎ k. "ÕÑK¨ @≥ ∞ì‰Ωõ KÕ^∞Œ , `«∞=∞‡K≥@∞ì‰Ωõ =ÚO_»∞,¡ ѨÙe Ñ≤ÅÅ¡ ‰õΩ „‰õÄ~°`fi« O ѨÙ@∞ìH`õ À<Õ =™êÎ~Ú. J>Ë¡ =¸~°∞xö H˜, =¸~°`ö fi« O ѨÙ@∞ìH`õ À =ã¨∞OÎ k. ѨÙ@∞ìH`õ À =zÛOk, ѨÙ_»HÅõ `À QÍx áÈ^ŒO\Ï~°∞. JO>Ë [#‡`À =zÛOk Kå=Ù`À QÍx áÈ^Œx J~°O÷ . Meaning: The thorny bush, Acacia Arabica, has thorns right from the time it sprouts from the seed. A foolish man’s stupidity is born with him at birth. Moral: Foolishness is a trait that is present in a fool right from the time of his birth. trait =

zǨÏflO, QÆ∞~°∞Î

V 79.

áê=ÚHõ#fl ÖË^Œ∞ áêÑ≤+≤ª Ü«∞QÆ∞ rq J\˜ì áê=Ú K≥ÑÊ≤ #@∞ì q#∞#∞ WÅ#∞ =¸~°∞*ö Ñˇ ʨ <≥=fii `«~=° ∞Ü«∂ qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞!

ÉèÏ=O : áê=Ú KåÖÏ áêÑ≤+kª≤ . Jk =∞#∞+¨μºefl Hõiz `«# q+¨O`À K«OѨÙ`«∞Ok. J\˜ì áê=Ú#∞ Ѩ@∞ìH˘x <åQÆãfi¨ ~°O Tk P_çOK«=K«∞Û. HÍx =¸~°∞} ö ‚˜ Zxfl q^è•Å∞QÍ K≥ÑÊ≤ <å, XÑ≤ÊOK«_O» ™ê^躌 O HÍ^Œ∞. hu : =¸~°∞_ö ∞» áê=ÚHõO>Ë áêÑ≤+"ª≤ å_»∞. "åºMϺ#O : Jxfl Ѩ‰ΩΔõ Å∞, [O`«∞=ÙÅ∞ tHõ} Δ ~Ú¿ãÎ =∞#O K≥ÑÊ≤ # Ѩ#∞Å∞ KÕ™êÎ~Ú. áê=Ú KåÖÏ áêÑ≤+ª≤ rq. Jk `«# q+¨ÑÙ¨ HÀ~°Å`À Hõ~z° =∞#∞+¨μºefl K«OѨÙ`«∞Ok. J\˜ì áê=Ú#∞ ‰õÄ_», <åQÆãfi¨ ~°O`À <å@ºO KÕ~ÚOK«=K«∞Û. HÍx, Zxfl q^è•Å∞QÍ K≥ÑÊ≤ <å =¸~°∞} ö ‚˜ XÑ≤ÊOK«Ö=Ë Ú.

62

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

Meaning: The snake is a horrible creature. It can bite and kill humans. Even such a dreadful creature can be made to dance to the tune of the snake charmer. The fool on the other hand cannot be made to understand and accept anything, however much one may try. Moral: A fool is often worse than the snake.

V 80.

á⁄@¡HÍÜ«∞ ~å~Ú á⁄ã¨QÆ „`å@#∞ QÆ@ì bÅ`À_» =OHõ ÖËHõ ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞, ‰õΩHõ¯`ÀHõQÆ@ì QÆ∞^Œ∞~°∞<å K«Hõ¯QÍ? qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞!

ÉèÏ=O : á⁄@¡HÍÜ«∞‰õΩ XHõ ~å~Ú Hõ\ ì˜ „"ÕÖÏ_»n¿ã,Î Jk =OHõ ÖˉΩõ O_® K«H¯õ QÍ ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. J^Õ q^èOŒ QÍ ‰õΩHõ¯ `ÀHõ#∞ K«H¯õ *ËÜ∂« Åx „ѨÜ∞« ufl¿ã,Î ^•x =OHõ~° áÈ^Œ∞. JÖψQ Zxfl „ѨÜ∞« `åflÅ∞ KÕã<≤ å =¸~°∞xö =∞#ã¨∞û =∂~°^∞Œ . hu : =¸~°∞xö |∞kú =∂~°Û_»O ™ê^躌 O HÍ^Œ∞. "åºMϺ#O : á⁄@¡ fQÆ#∞ ѨOki"Õã≤ ÃÑOK«∞`å~°∞. á⁄@¡HÍÜ«∞Å∞ ѨOki #∞O_ç „H˜OkH˜ „"ÕÖÏ_»∞`«∂ ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞`å~Ú. JO^Œ∞Ö’ H˘xfl =OHõ~Q° Í =ÙO>Ë, "å\˜x K«H¯õ QÍ KÕÜ∞« _®xH˜ „`å\˜`À ~å~Ú QÆ@∞ì`å~°∞. JѨC_® HÍÜ«∞Å∞ =OHõ~° ÖˉΩõ O_® ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞`å~Ú. J^Õ q^èOŒ QÍ ‰õΩHõ¯ `ÀHõ#∞ K«H¯õ KÕÜ∂« Åx „ѨÜ∞« ufl¿ãÎ ^•x =OHõ~° áÈ^Œ∞. JÖψQ Zxfl „ѨÜ∞« `åflÅ∞ KÕã<≤ å, =¸~°∞xö =∞#ã¨∞û =∂~°^∞Œ . Meaning: The snake gourd can be made to grow straight if a stone is hung on its end. Trying to straighten the tail of a dog is an impossible task. Similarly it is impossible to change the mind of a fool. Moral: It is impossible to convince a fool.

V 81.

ѨO_ç`«∞Öˇ·#"å~°∞ kQÆ∞=O ^ŒQÆ #∞O_»QÆ #Å∞Ê_˘Hõ¯_»∞ ^ŒÌO_»`« c~î°"≥∞H˜¯# |∞^èŒ „ѨHõ~°O|∞Å ˆHq∞ Ü≥∞QÆæQÆ∞<£ Q˘O_˘Hõ HÀu K≥@∞ìH˘# H˘=∞‡Å #∞O_»Q,Æ „yO^Œ QÆO_»ÉËè ~°∞O_» =∞^ÕÉèíã≤OÇ¨Ï x‰õΩ~°O|=ÚÅ∞O_»"≥ KÕi ÉèÏ㨯~å!

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

63

ÉèÏ=O : XHõ K≥@∞ì H˘# H˘=∞‡ g∞^Œ HÀu ‰õÄ~°∞Ûx =ÙO@∞Ok. <ÕÅ g∞^Œ U#∞QÆ∞Å∞, ã≤OǨÅ∞ =ÙO\Ï~Ú. JO`«=∂„`å# HÀuH˜ Q˘Ñ¨Ê`«#O ~å^Œ∞. XHõ ѨO_ç`« ã¨ÉÖíè ’, JÅ∞Ê_˘Hõ_∞» |Å=O`«OQÍ "ÕkHõ <≥H¯˜ J„QÍã¨#OÖ’ ‰õÄ~°∞ÛO\Ï_»∞. JO^Œ∞=Å¡ ѨO_ç`∞« Öˇ#· "åi Q˘Ñ¨Ê`«#O `«yáæ È^Œ∞. JÅ∞Êx |∞kú ɡ@· Ѩ_∞» `«∞Ok. hu : =ºH˜xÎ |\˜ì Q˘Ñ¨Ê`«#O HÍx ™ê÷<åxfl |\˜ì HÍ^Œ∞. "åºMϺ#O : =∞#O Z<Àfl ã¨Éeíè fl K«∂ã¨∞OÎ \Ï=Ú. PǨfix`«∞Öˇ#· z#flÅ∞, ÃÑ^ŒÅÌ ∞, ѨO_ç`∞« Å∞, ™ê=∂#∞ºÅ∞ =zÛ, "åi "åi Pã¨<åÅÖ’ ‰õÄ~°∞ÛO\Ï~°∞. JÅ∞Ê_≥·# ™ê=∂#∞º_˘Hõ_»∞ Ñ≤Å=‰õΩO_®<Õ "ÕkHõ<≥H˜¯ J„QÍã¨#OÖ’ ‰õÄ~°∞ÛO\Ï_»∞. JO^Œ∞=Å¡, „H˜O^Œ ‰õÄ~°∞Û#fl =∂#∞ºÅ =∞~åº^Œ‰Ωõ ÉèOí QÆ"∞Õ ~°Ê_»^∞Œ . L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ J~°}ºOÖ’ XHõ K≥@∞ì „H˜O^Œ U#∞QÆ∞Å∞ ã≤OǨÅ =O\˜ [O`«∞=ÙÅ∞ KÕi=ÙO\Ï~Ú. HÍx HÀu XHõ\ ˜ K≥@∞ì H˘#H˘=∞‡ g∞^Œ <≥H¯˜ ‰õÄ~°∞ÛO@∞Ok. JO^Œ∞=Å¡ „H˜O^Œ#∞#fl [O`«∞=ÙÅ Q˘Ñ¨Ê`«#O `«yáæ È^Œ∞. HÀu |∞kú ɡ@ · Ѩ_∞» `«∞Ok. Meaning: A monkey may swing high at the edge of a branch. Lions and elephants may wander below the tree. But that does not in any way help to boost up the worth of the monkey. Similarly if in a scholars’ assembly, a fool were to force himself in, and occupies a prominent place, the worth of the scholars is in no way diminished. The foolish man stands out as a misfit among the scholars. Moral: The worth of an individual is assessed on his character and ability, and not on the position he occupies.

V 82.

`≥eÜ«∞x =∞#∞Ax ã¨∞Y=ÚQÆ ^≥Å∞ѨO ^ŒQÆ∞, ã¨∞Y`«~°=ÚQÆ ^≥Å∞ѨQÆ =K«∞Û<£ ^≥eã≤#"åxO, ^≥eã≤ÜÚ« ^≥eÜ«∞x #~°∞^≥ÅÊ „|Ǩχ^Õ=Ùx =â◊"Õ∞. – Éèí~°Î $ǨÏi

ÉèÏ=O : Ug∞ `≥eÜ«∞x "åxH˜ q+¨Ü∂« Å#∞ ã¨∞ÅÉèOí QÍ `≥eÜ«∞KÕÜ∞« =K«∞Û. `≥eã≤# "åxH˜ WOHÍ ã¨∞ÅÉèOí QÍ `≥eÜ«∞KÕÜ∞« =K«∞Û. HÍx `≥eã‘ `≥eÜ«∞x "åxH˜ `≥eÜ«∞KÕÜ∞« _»O „|Ǩχ^Õ=ÙxH˜ ‰õÄ_» KÕ`Q« Í^Œ∞. hu : `≥eã‘ `≥eÜ«∞x "åxH˜ `≥eÜ«∞K≥Ñʨ _»O J™ê^躌 O. "åºMϺ#O : Ug∞ `≥eÜ«∞x "åxx ^ŒQ~æÆ ° ‰õÄ~°∞ÛO_» ɡ@∞ìH˘x q+¨Ü∂« Å#∞ ã¨∞Å∞=ÙQÍ É’kèOK«=K«∞Û. J`«_∞» „â◊^`úŒ À qx q+¨Ü∂« Å#∞ „QÆÇÏ≤ ™êÎ_∞» . `≥eã≤# "åxH˜ `≥eÜ«∞K≥Ñʨ _»O KåÖÏ ã¨∞ÅÉèOí . J`«xH˜ q+¨Ü∂« ÅÃÑ· J=QÍǨÏ# =ÙO@∞Ok. HÍ|\˜ì "≥O@<Õ "å\˜x „QÆÇÏ≤ ™êÎ_∞» . `≥eã‘ `≥eÜ«∞x "åxH˜ É’kèOK«_O» KåÖÏ Hõ+Oì¨ . J`«_∞» q∞_çq∞_ç *Ï˝#O`À J~°O÷ ÖËx „Ѩâfl◊ Å∞ "Õ™êÎ_∞» . `≥eÜ«∞HõáÈ~Ú<å `≥eã≤#@∞¡ #\˜™êÎ_∞» .

64

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

Meaning: It is possible to explain and convince a man who is ignorant. It is also easy to explain to a knowledgeable man. But it is impossible to explain and convince a man with half-baked knowledge. Moral: It is impossible to explain to a man who has half-baked knowledge.

V 83.

`≥eq Ü≥ÚH˜O`« ÖËx Ü≥∞_», ^Œ$ѨÙÎ_»<≥· HõiÉèíOy ã¨~°fi=Ú<£ ^≥eã≤u #OK«∞ QÆifi`«=∞u<£ qǨÏiOzu ^˘e¡ ~ÚѨC_»∞ [˚fiÅ=∞`«∞Öˇ·# ѨO_ç`«∞Å ã¨xflkè xOK«∞Hõ É’^èŒâße<≥· `≥eÜ«∞x"å_»<·≥ "≥∞ÅyuO QÆ`=« ∞Ü≥∞º x`åO`«Q~Æ fi° =Ú<£. – Éèí~°Î $ǨÏi

ÉèÏ=O : <å‰õΩ H˘OK≥O ‰õÄ_® `≥eq ÖË#ѨC_»∞, U#∞QÆ∞ÖÏQÍ =∞kOz, ã¨~fi° O `≥eã≤#@∞¡ QÆ~fi° O`À uiQÍ#∞. =∞Oz ѨO_ç`∞« Å =^Œ‰Ì Ωõ "≥o§, H˘O`« `≥eq `≥K∞« ÛH˘x, <åˆHq∞ `≥eÜ«∞^Œx `≥Å∞ã¨∞H˘<åfl#∞. <å QÆ~fi° O =^ŒeáÈ~ÚOk. JO`å `≥Å∞ã¨∞##fl"å_»∞ JA˝_∞» . Ug∞ `≥eÜ«∞^Œ#fl"å_»∞ ã¨~fi° A˝_∞» . hu : Z=~°∂ `«#‰õΩ JO`å `≥Å∞ã¨x QÆifiOK«‰Äõ _»^∞Œ . "åºMϺ#O : WHõ¯_» `≥eqÖËx"åx „Ѩ=~°#Î #∞ QÆ∂iÛ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. ѨÓ~°fiO <å‰õΩ U =∂„`«O `≥eq ÖË#ѨC_»∞, U#∞QÆ∞ÖÏQÍ QÆifiOz, JO`å `≥eã≤#"å_»∞QÍ „Ѩ=iÎOKå#∞. „Ѩã∞¨ `Î O« =∞Oz ѨO_ç`∞« Å ^ŒQ~æÆ ‰° Ωõ "≥o¡, H˘O`« `≥eq`≥K«∞ÛH˘x, <åˆHg∞ `≥eÜ«∞^Œ#fl q+¨Ü«∂xfl `≥Å∞ã¨∞H˘<åfl#∞. <å QÆ~°fiO ѨÓiÎQÍ =^ŒeáÈ~ÚOk Jx J`«_∞» `≥eáê_»∞. Meaning: The poet says “when I knew little, I wandered like a mad elephant, in utter vanity, that I knew everything. When I came upon scholars who were far more learned than I was, my arrogance disappeared. I realized how little I knew”. A man, who believes he knows all, is an ignorant man. One who believes he knows too little is a truly learned man. Moral: No man should presume that he knows everything, there is to know in this world. Presume = take for granted

V

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

65

84.

ZÅ∞QÆ∞ `ÀÅ∞ `≥zÛ Ü≥∞xfl <åà◊√¡kH˜# #Å∞Ѩ٠#Å∞ÃÑHÍx `≥Å∞Ѩ٠HÍ^Œ∞, H˘Ü«∞º ÉÁ=∞‡^≥zÛ H˘\˜#ì ѨÅ∞‰õΩ<å† qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞!

ÉèÏ=O : ZÅ∞QÆ∞|O\˜`ÀÅ∞ #Å¡QÍ =ÙO@∞Ok. Zxfl<åà◊√¡ LuH˜<å Jk `≥Å∞ѨÙHÍ^Œ∞. ZO`« H˘\˜<ì å H˘Ü«∞ºÉÁ=∞‡ ѨÅHõ^∞Œ , J>Ë¡ =¸~°∞xö HÔ O`« K≥ÑÊ≤ <å É’^èÑŒ _¨ ^» ∞Œ . hu : ZO`« "≥∞~°∞QÆ∞ÃÑ\˜<ì å W`«_Î ç ѨÙ`«_Î ç HÍ^Œ∞. Meaning: The fur of a bear is black in colour. No amount of washing can make it white. A wooden doll remains mute however much it is beaten. In the same manner no one can make a fool understand, or learn, anything. Moral: No amount of polishing can make brass, gold.

V 85.

FQÆ∞<ÀQÆ∞ "≥∞K«∞Û <˘#~°OQÆ #*Ï˝x ÉèÏ=q∞zÛ "≥∞K«∞Û Ñ¨~°=∞Å∞|∞ú |Ok |∞~°^Œ"≥∞K«∞Û Ñ¨hfl~°∞ "≥∞K«∞Û<å? qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞!

ÉèÏ=O : K≥_»¤"å_»∞ K≥_»¤"åx<Õ "≥∞K«∞ÛH˘O\Ï_»∞. =∞Oz"åxx "≥∞K«∞ÛH˘#_»∞. J*Ï˝x Ѩ~°=∞Ö’aè<Õ "≥∞K«∞ÛH˘O\Ï_»∞. ѨOk |∞~°^#Œ ∞ "≥∞K«∞ÛH˘O@∞Ok. JO^Œ∞Ö’ á⁄~°∞`¡ ∞« Ok. HÍx Ѩhfl~°∞#∞ "≥∞K«∞ÛH˘#^Œ∞. JO>Ë =∞Oz "åà◊#¡ ∞ =∞Oz"åà◊√§, K≥_"¤» åà◊§#∞ K≥_"¤» åàı§ "≥∞K«∞Û‰õΩO\Ï~°x J~°O÷ . hu : `å#∞ ZÖÏO\˜"å_À JÖÏO\˜"å_ç<Õ J`«_∞» "≥∞K«∞Û‰õΩO\Ï_»∞. Meaning: An evil man admires another evil man. A noble man admires another noble man. An evil man has no word of praise for a good man. An ignorant man is full of praise for a selfish man. A pig loves mud and slush and revels in it. It does not enjoy perfume. Hence good people praise good people and evil ones praise bad people Revel = enjoy Moral: A man has admiration only for another like him.

V

66

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

86.

=∞$QÆ=Ú =∞$QÆ=∞#∞K«∞#∞ =∞$QÆ=Ú#∞ ^Œ∂+≤O„`«∞ =∞$QÆ=Ú Hõ#fl K≥_»¤ =¸~°∞ö_»QÆ∞#∞ =∞$QÆ=Ú‰õΩ#fl QÆ∞}=Ú =¸~°∞#ö Hˆ ^ŒÜ∂« ? qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞!

ÉèÏ=O : =∞$QÆO =∞$QÆO JO@∂ =∞#O =∞$QÍxfl ^Œ∂+≤™êÎO. =∞$QÆO HõO>ˇ =¸~°∞_ö ∞» K≥_"¤» å_»∞. =∞$QÆO PHõÖ#·ˇ ѨÙ_Õ, W`«~° [O`«∞=ÙÅ#∞ K«OÑ≤ uO@∞Ok. =¸~°∞_ö ∞» Jxfl "ÕàÖ◊ Ï, JO^Œix Ç≤ÏOã≤ã∞¨ OÎ \Ï_»∞. =∞$QÍx‰õΩ#fl QÆ∞}O =¸~°∞xö H˜ ÖË^∞Œ . hu : =¸~°∞xö HõO>Ë =∞$QÆO "Õ∞Å∞. Meaning: An epithet ‘beast’ is used as a word of abuse. A stupid man is worse than a beast. A beast is cruel and kills only when it is hungry. A foolish man harasses and troubles everyone at all times. A beast is certainly preferable to a foolish man. Epithet = a word describing a quality Abuse = insulting language Moral: A fool can be more dangerous than a beast.

V 87.

Ç‘Ï#∞_≥xfl q^Œº eÅ #Éèºí ã≤Oz# Ѷ¨∞#∞_»∞ QÍ_»∞ "≥Ú~°‰õΩ [#∞_≥ QÍx Ѩi=∞à◊=ÚÅ∞ QÍ~°ÌÉèí=Ú "≥∂Ü«∞ Ѷ¨∞#=∞ø<≥ qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞!

ÉèÏ=O : Ç‘Ï#∞_≥#· "å_»∞ Zxfl q^ŒºÅ#∞ <ÕiÛ<å, Ѷ∞¨ #∞_»∞ HÍÖË_∞» . Ç‘Ï#∞_»∞QÍ<Õ =ÙO\Ï_»∞. QÆO^èÑŒ Ù¨ K≥H¯õ efl QÍ_ç^Œ Ü≥∞xfl=∂~°∞¡ "≥∂ã≤<å, JO^Œe Ѩi=∞àÏefl „QÆÇÏ≤ OK«Ö^Ë ∞Œ . QÍ_ç^ÖŒ ÏQÍ<Õ =ÙO@∞Ok. hu : Zxfl q^ŒºÅ∞ <ÕiÛ<å Ç‘Ï#∞_»∞ Ç‘Ï#∞_Õ QÍx Q˘Ñ¨Ê"å_»∞ HÍ_»∞. Meaning: An unworthy man remains unworthy, despite having acquired skill in a number of arts. A donkey may have carried on its back, loads of sandalwood any number of times, yet it remains insensitive to the fragrance of sandalwood. A donkey remains a donkey forever. Moral: A fool remains a fool in spite of all that he is taught.

V `≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

67

88.

q^ŒºÖËx"å_»∞ q^•fiOã¨∞ KÕ~°∞= #∞O_»QÍ<≥ ѨO_ç`∞« O_»∞ HÍ_»∞ H˘Åk ǨÏOã¨Å Hõ_» H˘ÔH¯~°Å∞#fl@∞¡ qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞!

ÉèÏ=O : q^ŒºÖËx"å_»∞ q^•fiOã¨∞Å ^ŒQ~æÆ ° KÕi#O`« =∂„`å#, q^•fiOã¨∞_»∞ HÍÖË_∞» . XHõ ã¨~ã° ∞¨ ûÖ’ =Ù#fl ǨÏOã¨Å ^ŒQ~æÆ ‰° Ωõ áÈ~Ú#O`« =∂„`å#, H˘OQÆÅ∞ ǨÏOã¨Å∞ HÍÖË=Ù Hõ^•. hu : q^•º qÇ‘Ï#∞_»∞, q^•fiOã¨∞Å`À KÕi#O`« =∂„`å# q^•fiOã¨∞_»∞ HÍÖË_∞» . Meaning: A person who is not educated can never become a scholar even if he is in the company of scholars. A crane can never be a swan even if it haunts the same lake with a number of swans. Crane = H˘OQƆ Haunt = ã¨OK«iOK«∞ Moral: An uneducated man remains the same even if he is among scholars.

V

68

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

11. ^Œ∞~°˚# Ѩ^Œúu 89.

JO`«~O° QÆ=∞O^Œ∞ #Ѩ~å^è=Œ ÚÅ∞ ¿ãã≤ =∞Oz"åx=Öˇ<≥ =∞#∞A_»∞O_»∞, W`«~°∞ Öˇ~°∞QƉõΩ#fl hâ◊fi~°∞_≥~°∞QÆ_®? qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞!

ÉèÏ=O : `«# =∞#ã¨∞ûÖ’ JѨ~å^è•efl KÕã≤ Jq Ü≥∞=fiiH˜ `≥eÜ«∞=x J#∞H˘x, ÃÑH· ˜ =∞Oz"å_»∞QÍ #\˜ã∞¨ OÎ \Ï_»∞ ^Œ∞~°#˚ ∞_»∞. W`«~∞° ʼnõΩ `≥eÜ«∞HõáÈ~Ú<å, ^≥=· O QÆ=∞x™êÎ_∞» QÆ^•! hu : JO^Œi Hõ#∞Å∞ HõÑʨ QÆÅ=Ù QÍx ^≥=· O Hõ#∞Å∞ HõÑʨ ÖË=Ù. JO^Œ∞=Å¡ `«ÑC¨ KÕÜ∞« ~å^Œ∞. "åºMϺ#O : ÃÑH· ˜ ÃÑ^ŒÌ =∞#∞+¨μºÅÖÏQÍ HõxÊã¨∂,Î =∞#ã¨∞ûÖ’ ^Œ∞~åÖ’K«#Å∞ KÕ¿ã"å~°∞<åfl~°∞. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ Jyfl „Ѩ=∂^•Å∞, `«∞á¶ê#∞Å∞, Éè∂í HõOáêÅ =O\˜ „ѨH$õ u "≥Ñ· s¨ `åºÅ∞ ã¨OÉèqí Oz#ѨC_»∞, ÉÏkè`∞« Öˇ#· „Ѩ[Å#∞ P^Œ∞HÀ=_®xH˜ H˘xfl ¿ã"å ã¨Oã¨Å÷ ∞ =ÚO^Œ∞‰õΩ =™êÎ~Ú. „Ѩ[Å #∞O_ç q~åàÏÅ#∞ q™êÎ~O° QÍ =ã¨∂Å∞ KÕã,≤ JO^Œ∞Ö’ gÖˇ#· O`« Z‰õΩ¯= ÉèÏQÍxfl ~°ÇϨ 㨺OQÍ ™êfi~å÷xH˜ "å_»∞H˘x „Ѩ*Ï¿ã=ˆH JO`å ^è#Œ O =ÙѨÜ∂≥ yOz#@∞¡ ÖˇH¯õ Å∞ K«∂¿Ñ"å~°∞<åfl~°∞. D q+¨Ü∞« O W`«~∞° ʼnõΩ `≥eÜ«∞^Œx "å~°#∞H˘O\Ï~°∞. HÍx ^≥=· O Hõ#∞flÅ∞ HõÑʨ ÖË~∞° Hõ^•. "åi "≥∂ã¨O XHõ<å_»∞ `«Ñʨ Hõ Ö’HÍxH˜ `≥Å∞ã¨∞OÎ k. "å~°∞ tH˜OΔ Ñ¨|_»`å~°∞. Meaning: A man who sins in his mind and pretends to be a good man in the eyes of the world is, by nature, a bad man. Even if others remain unaware of his evil thoughts God is bound to know about them. Moral: Never sin even in thought. Others may not know but God will.

V 90.

JÅÊ|∞kú "åx HõkHè Í~°q∞zÛ# ^˘_»¤"åi<≥Å¡ `˘ÅQÆQ˘@∞ì, K≥ѨC k<≥_ç ‰õΩHõ¯ K≥~°‰õΩ fÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞<å? qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞!

ÉèÏ=O : K≥ÑC¨ #∞ u#_®xH˜ JÅ"å@∞Ѩ_¤» ‰õΩHõ¯, K≥~‰° Ωõ fÑ≤x `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀÖË^∞Œ . JÖψQ JÅ∞Ê_≥#· "å_»∞ JkèHÍ~°OÖ’H˜ =¿ã,Î |∞kú=∞O`«∞Å Ü≥ÚHõ¯ „Ѩ*Ï˝ qâıëêÅ∞ `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀÖËH,õ "åix Ѩ^=Œ ÙÅ #∞O_ç `˘Åy™êÎ_∞» . hu : JÅ∞ÊxH˜ JkèHÍ~°O W=fi‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . `≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

69

"åºMϺ#O : ã¨^㌠k¨ fi"ÕK#« â◊H,Θ Ü≥∂Qƺ`« ÖËx JÅÊ|∞kú "åxH˜ ÉÏ^躌 `åÜ«Ú`«"∞≥ #ÿ JkèHÍ~° Ѩ^qŒ ~Ú=fi‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . JÖÏ ~Ú¿ã,Î J`«_∞» |∞kú=∞O`«∞Å Ü≥ÚHõ¯ „ѨuÉèÏ qâıëêÅ#∞ `≥eã≤H˘#ÖËHõ "åix Ѩ^=Œ ÙÅ #∞O_ç `˘Åy™êÎ_∞» . L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ K≥ÑC¨ #∞ H˘iH˜ u#_®xH˜ JÅ"å@∞ Ѩ_¤» ‰õΩHõ¯‰õΩ K≥~‰° Ωõ QÆ_#» ∞ JOk¿ã,Î Jk ^•x fÑ≤x `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀÖËHõ „`Àã≤"ãÕ ∞¨ OÎ k. Meaning: Dogs love to chew leather footwear. It can never relish the sweetness of sugar cane. Similarly if an evil man attains a position of power, he can never appreciate the worthy advice of good, noble people and gets rid of them. Attain = get Moral: Never hand over power to an evil man.

V 91.

JÅ∞Ê_≥ÑÙ¨ _»∞ |Å∞¯ <å_»O|~°=ÚQÍ#∞ ã¨[˚#∞O_»∞ |Å∞¯ K«Å¡QÍ#∞ HõOK«∞ „"≥∂QÆ∞#@∞¡ Hõ#HõO|∞ „"≥∂QÆ∞<å? qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞!

ÉèÏ=O : JÅ∞Ê_≥#· "å_»∞ HõOK«∞ÖÏQÍ P_»O|~°OQÍ Ñ¨Å∞¯`«∞O\Ï_»∞. ã¨[#˚ ∞_»∞ |OQÍ~°O ÖÏQÍ K«ÅQ¡ Í Ñ¨Å∞¯`«∞O\Ï_»∞. JÅ∞ÊxH˜, ã¨[#˚ ∞xH˜ =Ù#fl Éè^Ë OŒ W^Õ. hu : P_»O|~°O Z=iH© `«Q^Æ ∞Œ . "åºMϺ#O : *Ï˝#Ç‘Ï#∞_≥#· JÅ∞Ê_»∞ `«#‰õΩ ÖËx Q˘Ñ¨Ê`«<åxfl Kå@∞HÀ"åÅx P_»O|~°OQÍ =∂\Ï¡_`» å_»∞. ѨÓ~°‚ *Ï˝#=O`«∞_≥#· ã¨[#˚ ∞_»∞ q∞`«OQÍ ™œ=∞ºOQÍ =∂\Ï¡_`» å_»∞. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ qÅ∞= ÖËx HõOK«∞ Ѷ∞¨ #OQÍ „"≥∂QÆ∞`«∞Ok. qÅ∞= QÆÅ |OQÍ~°O P q^èOŒ QÍ „"≥∂QÆ^∞Œ . q∞`« ÉèÏ+≤`fi« O, ã≤‡`« ÉèÏ+≤`fi« O ã¨[#˚ ∞Å ÅHõ} Δ O. Ju ÉèÏ+¨}O JǨÏOHÍ~° ÉèÏ+¨}O ^Œ∞~°#˚ ÅHõ} Δ O. Jhfl =_çO¤ z# qã¨iÎ J}˜y =∞}˜y =ÙO@∞Ok. Ug∞ ÖËx qã¨iÎ ZyÔ~yi Ѩ_∞» `«∞Ok. Meaning: A man with a weak character is vain. His words are loud and pompous as he is always boasting. A worthy man speaks gentle words sober and dignified. The former’s words ring loud like bronze while the latter’s words ring low, like gold. Moral: Vanity is a bad quality in anyone. Vanity = empty pride

V 70

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

92.

HÍx "åx`À_» QÆÅã≤ "≥∞ÅOy# Ǩx=K«∞Û <≥O`«"åxÔH#· HÍH˜ QÆ∂_ç ǨÏO㨠Hõ+¨ìO|∞ á⁄O^Œ^•? qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞!

ÉèÏ=O : HÍH˜`À ã¨ÇϨ "åã¨O KÕ¿ã,ΠǨÏO㨠`«Ñʨ Hõ HõëêìÅáêÖ∫`«∞Ok. JÖψQ K≥_"¤» åx`À Hõeã≤ =ÙO>Ë, Z\˜"ì åxÔH<· å Ǩx `«Ñʨ ^Œ∞. hu : ^Œ∞+¨ì ã¨ÇϨ "åã¨O ǨxHõ~O° . "åºMϺ#O : WHõ¯_» ^Œ∞+¨ì ã¨ÇϨ "å™êxfl QÆ∂iÛ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. ^Œ∞+¨μxì fl ^Œ∂~°OQÍ =ÙOKåe. ^Œ∞+¨μÅì `À h=Ù ã¨ÇϨ "åã¨O KÕ¿ãÎ J`«_∞» KÕ¿ã ^Œ∞+¨Hì Í~åºÅ =Å¡ h‰õΩ Ç¨x HõÅ∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ H͉õΩÅ PǨfi#OÃÑ· XHõ ǨÏO㨠H͉õΩÅ ^ŒQ~æÆ ‰° Ωõ =zÛOk. H͉õΩÅ∞ KÕ¿ã QÀÅ#∞ Éèií OK«ÖxË á⁄~°∞QÆ∞ "å~°∞ H͉õΩÅÃÑ· ~åà◊√¡ ~°∞qfi<å~°∞. Jq ǨÏO㨉Ωõ ‰õÄ_® `«yÖÏ~Ú. ǨÏO㨠QÍÜ«∞Ѩ_Oç k. Meaning: If a swan seeks the company of a raven, it is bound to get into trouble. In the same way, the company of a bad man is bound to land a good man in trouble. Moral: Evil company is always harmful.

V 93.

QÆOQÆáê~°∞K«∞O_»∞ Hõ^ŒÅx QÆu `À_» =ÚiH˜"åQÆ∞ áê~°∞ „"≥∂`« `À_» Jkè‰õΩ_À~°∞Û#@∞ì Å^èŒ=Ú_À~°fiQÆÖË_»∞ qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞!

ÉèÏ=O : QÆOQÍ#k „ѨâßO`«OQÍ „Ѩ=Ç≤Ïã¨∞OÎ @∂ =ÙO@∞Ok. JO^Œe h~°∞ Hõ^eŒ #@¡xÑ≤OK«^∞Œ . =ÚiH˜ "åQÆ∞ „"≥∂`« KÕã∂¨ Î „Ѩ=Ç≤Ïã¨∂Î =ÙO@∞Ok. JO^Œe h~°∞ ZyÔ~yi Ѩ_∞» `«∂ =ÙO@∞Ok. L`«=Î Ú_≥#· "å_»∞ QÆOQÍ#kÖÏQÍ F~°∞Ê`À <≥=∞‡kQÍ =ÙO\Ï_»∞. J^è=Œ Ú_≥#· "å_»∞ =ÚiH˜"åQÆ∞ÖÏQÍ F~°∞ÊÖˉΩõ O_® q∞_çã≤ q∞_çã≤ Ѩ_∞» `«∂O\Ï_»∞. hu : xO_»∞ ‰õΩO_» `˘}Hõ^∞Œ . "åºMϺ#O : ÉèÏ~°`^« âÕ O◊ Ö’ KåÖÏ Ñ¨q„`«"∞≥ #ÿ ÃÑ^ŒÌ #k QÆOQÍ#k. P #k Ç≤Ï=∂ÅÜ«∞ Ѩ~fi° `åÅ #∞O_ç =∞Ǩ „Ѩ"åǨÏO`À xO_ç „Ñ¨=Ç≤Ïã¨∞#Î flk. P „Ѩ"åǨÏO KåÖÏ „ѨâßO`«OQÍ =ÙO@∞Ok. Z@∞=O\˜ â◊|OÌ KÕÜ∞« ^Œ∞. „ѨH¯õ <Õ =Ù#fl =ÚiH˜ "åQÆ∞Ö’x „Ѩ"åǨÏO KåÖÏ z#flk. HÍx Jk K≥=ÙÅ∞ yOQÆ∞~°∞=∞<Õ@@∞¡ „"≥∂`«KãÕ ∂¨ Î „Ѩ=Ç≤Ïã¨∞OÎ k. L`«=Î Ú_≥#· =ºH˜Î QÆOQÍ#k ÖÏQÍ <≥=∞‡kQÍ F~°∞Ê`À =ÙO\Ï_»∞. J^è=Œ Ú_≥#· "å_»∞ =ÚiH˜ "åQÆ∞ÖÏQÍ F~°∞Ê ÖˉΩõ O_», ZQÆãÑ≤ _¨ ∞» `«∞O\Ï_»∞. `≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

71

Meaning: The waters in the river Ganga flow calm and quite. The water looks almost still and tranquil. A small dirty stream rumbles hastily and noisily, splashing its murky waters. A good and a worthy man is calm, quiet and patient like the river Ganga while a worthless man is like the dirty stream, loud, boastful and impatient. Tranquil = Peaceful, undisturbed Moral: A pot that is full does not splash as it remains steady.

V 94.

"Õ~°∞ ѨÙ~°∞QÆ∞KÕi =$HõΔO|∞ *ˇ~°K«∞#∞ p_» ѨÙ~°∞QÆ∞ KÕi KÕ#∞ *ˇ~°∞K«∞ ‰õΩuû`«∞O_»∞ KÕi QÆ∞}=O`«∞ *ˇ~°K«∞#∞ qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞!

ÉèÏ=O : „"Õà#¡◊ ∞ u<Õ¿ã ѨÙ~°∞QÆ∞ KÕi K≥@∞ì#∞ <åâ◊#O KÕã∞¨ OÎ k. p_» ѨÙ~°∞QÆ∞ KÕi ѨO@ KÕ#∞#∞ <åâ◊#O KÕã∞¨ OÎ k. JÖψQ, ^Œ∞+¨μ_ì ∞» KÕi =∞Oz"å_çx K≥_Q» ˘_»`å_»∞. hu : ‰õÄ¿ã QÍ_ç^Œ "Õ∞¿ã QÍ_ç^#Œ ∞ K≥_Q» ˘_»∞`«∞Ok. J~å÷Å∞ : ‰õΩuû`«∞_»∞ ´ ^Œ∞~å‡~°∞_æ ∞» Meaning: The pests that attack the roots of a tree destroy it. Pests can destroy an entire field. Similarly, one bad man's company corrupts even good men who move with him. Moral: A donkey that brays spoils a donkey that is grazing. Bray = cry of a donkey.

V 95.

JÅ∞Ê_≥xfl ѨÅ∞¯ÅÅÜ«∞Hõ Ѩe¯# #kè‰Ωõ _»∂~°‰Ωõ O_»∞ #kiѨ_H» õ K≥@∞ì g∞^Œ HÍH˜Ô~@ì "Õã≤#Ü«∞@∞¡ qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞!

ÉèÏ=O : JÅ∞Ê_≥#· "å_»∞ Jkè‰Ωõ xÃÑ· xO^ŒÅ∞ "Õã,≤ <À~°∞ <˘Ñ≤Ê Ñ¨Ù>Ë^ì •Hõ, JÅã≤áÈHõ ^Œ∂+≤™êÎ_∞» . J~Ú#ѨÊ\˜H˜ Jkè‰Ωõ _»∞ J^Œ~‰° Ωõ O_®, ɡ^~Œ ° ‰õΩO_® P u@¡#∞ Éèií ™êÎ_∞» . XHõ HÍH˜ HÀѨO`À K≥@∞ì g∞^Œ ~Ô @ì"¿Õ ãÎ K≥@∞ì ÖˇH¯õ KÕÜ∞« ^Œ∞ QÆ^•. 72

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

hu : ‰õΩHõ¯Åi¿ãÎ U#∞QÆ∞ ɡ^~Œ ^° ∞Œ . JÖψQ JÅ∞ÊÅ#∞ ÖˇH¯õ KÕÜ∞« ‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . Meaning: A man of low character can shower abuse on a worthy man. Still a worthy man remains undisturbed and does not react. A crow’s dropping on a tree does not bother the tree at all. Moral: The elephant remains calm and undisturbed when dogs bark. Strong, worthy men remains calm when lesser mortals throw abuse at them. Lesser mortals = JÅ∞ÊÅ∞.

V 96.

`«Å #∞O_»∞ q+¨=Ú Ñ¶} ¨ H˜ x˜ "≥ÅÜ«∞OQÍ ^ÀHõ#∞O_»∞ =$tÛHõ=Ú#‰õΩ<£ `«Å `ÀHõ Ü«∞#Hõ Ü«ÚO_»∞#∞ YÅ∞#‰õΩ xÅ∞"≥Å¡ q+¨=Ú QÆ^~Œ å ã¨∞=∞f.

ÉèÏ=O : áê=Ú‰õΩ `«ÅÖ’ q+¨O =ÙO@∞Ok. `ÕÅ∞‰õΩ `ÀHõÖ’ =ÙO@∞Ok. `«Å, `ÀHõ J#‰õΩO_® ^Œ∞+¨μxì H˜ xÅ∞"≥Å¡ q+¨O =ÙO@∞Ok. JÖÏO\˜ YÅ∞x #∞O_ç x#∞fl h=Ù ~°HOΔ˜ K«∞HÀ"åe. hu : ^Œ∞~å‡~°∞_æ ∞» ^Œ∞~°^QŒ ˘O_çÖÏO\˜"å_»∞ ZHõ¯_» `åH˜<å ^Œ∞~°^Œ ѨÙ\˜™ì êÎ_∞» . J~å÷Å∞ : Ѷ} ¨ ˜ ´ áê=Ú† =$tÛHõ=Ú ´ `ÕÅ∞† YÅ∞_»∞ ´ K≥_"¤» å_»∞ "åºMϺ#O : áê=Ú‰õΩ `«ÅÖ’ JO>Ë HÀ~°ÅÖ’ q+¨O =ÙO@∞Ok. áê=Ú#∞ Ѩ@∞ìH˘<Õ"å_»∞, ^•x `«Å#∞ X_çãÑ≤ @ ¨ ∞ìH˘x, Jk `«##∞ HÀ~°Å`À Hõ~=° ‰õΩO_® K«∂ã¨∞H˘O\Ï_»∞. `ÕÅ∞‰õΩ q+¨O ^•x `ÀHõ H˘O_çÖ’ =ÙO@∞Ok. `ÕÅ∞#∞ Ѩ@∞ìH˘<Õ"å_»∞, Jk `«# H˘O_ç`À ‰õΩ@ì_®xH˜ gÅ∞ÖËx q^èOŒ QÍ <Õ~∞° Ê`À Ѩ@∞ìH˘O\Ï_»∞. HÍx ^Œ∞+¨μxì H˜ q+¨O XO\˜ xO_» =ÙO@∞Ok. ZHõ¯_» Ѩ@∞ìH˘<åfl, J`«_∞» HÍ@∞ "Õ™êÎ_∞» . ^Œ∞+¨μxì q+¨ÑÙ¨ HÍ@∞ #∞O_ç `«ÑÊ≤ OK«∞HÀ=_»O ™ê^躌 O HÍ^Œ∞ HÍ|\˜ì ^Œ∞+¨μxì H˜ ^Œ∂~°OQÍ LO_®e. Meaning: Snakes have poison in their fangs, scorpions have poison in their tails, but an evil man has poison all over his body. Moral: An evil man is like the poisonous plant which causes a rash wherever it touches the body.

V

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

73

97.

|Å=O`«∞_» <åˆH=∞x ѨÅ∞=Ù~°`À x„QÆÇÏ≤ Oz ѨÅ∞‰õΩ@"Õ∞ÖÏ? |Å=O`«"∞≥ #ÿ ã¨~Ê° =Ú K«ep=∞Å KÕ`« lH˜¯ Kå=^≥ ã¨∞=∞f.

ÉèÏ=O : <Õ#∞ |Å=O`«∞}˜.‚ #<≥fl=~°∞#∞ F_çOK«Ö~Ë x° ѨÅ∞=Ù~°`À QÆifiOz ѨÅ∞‰õΩ@ =∞Ozk HÍ^Œ∞. áê=Ú |Å=O`«"∞≥ #ÿ ^Õ HÍh, K«e p=∞Å QÆ∞OѨىõΩ ^˘iH˜`Õ K«ã∞¨ OÎ k Hõ^•. hu : =∞Ok`À q~À^èOŒ ÃÑ@∞ìHÀ‰õΩ. J<ÕHõ =∞Okx XHõ¯_»∞ Z^Œ∞~À¯‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . "åºMϺ#O : ZO`« |Å=O`«∞_≥<· å, ѨÅ∞=Ùi`À q~À^èOŒ ÃÑ@∞ìHÀ‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . "åi`À áÈ~å\ÏxH˜ kQƉÄõ _»^∞Œ . p=∞Å`À áÈÅ∞ÛH˘O>Ë, áê=Ú KåÖÏ |Å=O`«"∞≥ #ÿ k. HÍx P p=∞Å∞ QÆ∞OѨÙQÍ =zÛ, ^•_çK¿Õ ãÎ áê=Ú K«ã∞¨ OÎ k. Meaning: A man should never be over confident, believing he can behave as he pleases, just because he has strength. He should remember that a swarm of ants can kill a huge serpent. Swarm = QÆ∞OѨ٠Moral: No one should make too many enemies as united they may prove too strong for him.

V 98.

Ö’Hõ=ÚÖ’# ^Œ∞~°˚#∞Å Ö’`«∞ <≥~°∞OQÆHõ KÕ~°~å^Œ∞, ã¨∞ â’¡‰õΩ_»∞ KÕi#O QÆ=Ü«∞E`«∞~°∞ KÕÜ«Ú^Œ∞Ô~Hõ¯ã¨ÔH¯=ÚÖò HÀH˜ÅQÆ#fl KÀ@ QÆ∞q∞QÆ∂_ç Ü«∞ã¨Ç¨ÏºÑ¨Ù QÆ∂`«ÖÏ~°∞ÛK«∞<£ Q͉õΩÅ∞ `«#fl"Õ `«iq∞ HÍÜ«∞=Ú `«Å¡_»=∞O^Œ, ÉèÏ㨯~å!

ÉèÏ=O : ^Œ∞~°#˚ ∞Å Ö’`«∞áê`«∞Å∞ `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ‰õΩO_», ã¨[#˚ ∞_»∞ "åi K≥O`« *Ëi`Õ, "å~°∞ J`«}‚˜ ZHõÃãHõ¯=ÚÖÏ_ç Qˆ e KÕ™êÎ~∞° . ZÖÏQÆO>Ë, HÀH˜Å#∞ K«∂z# H͉õΩÅ∞ QÆ∞OѨÙQÍ KÕi, Jã¨ÇϨ ºOQÍ ‰õÄ`«Å∞ ÃÑ\˜ì ^•xx `«xfl `«i"Õ∞Ü«∂Åx K«∂™êÎ~Ú Hõ^•! hu : ^Œ∞~°#˚ ∞Å#∞ ^Œ∂~°OQÍ LOKåe. J~å÷Å∞ : ã¨∞â’¡‰Ωõ _»∞ ´ =∞Oz ¿Ñ~°∞QÆÅ"å_»∞ "åºMϺ#O : ^Œ∞~°#˚ ∞Å Ö’`«∞áê`«∞Å∞ `≥eã≤H˘#‰õΩO_», ã¨[#˚ ∞_»∞ "åi`À ¿ãflǨÏO KÕÜ∞« ‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . JÖÏ [iy`Õ, ^Œ∞~°#˚ ∞Å∞ ã¨[#˚ ∞x ZHõÃãHõ¯=Ú ÖÏ_ç Qˆ e KÕã≤ J==∂x™êÎ~∞° . L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ, HÀH˜Å á⁄~°áê@∞#

74

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

H͉õΩÅ QÆ∞OѨÙ#∞ ã¨g∞Ñ≤¿ã,Î Jq ^•xx =Ú‰õΩ¯Å`À á⁄_çz, HÍà◊§`À `«xfl, â◊s~åxfl ÉÏ^èÑŒ _¨ @ Õ @∞¡ KÕã,≤ `«iq∞"Õ™êÎ~Ú. Meaning: A good man should never get familiar with strangers without knowing enough about them. They can ridicule him and make fun of him if they are evil men. Crows gather together to drive away the cuckoo, with their maddening cawing. ridicule = ZQÆ`åo, ѨiǨã¨O Moral: Keep evil people at a safe distance.

V 99.

ã≤÷~°`«~° ^èŒ~°‡=~°Î# „|ã≤kúH˜ <≥H˜¯# "åx <˘Hõ¯=Ú +¨¯~°∞_»uhK« "åHõº=ÚÅ QÍ^Œx Ѩe¯# #=∞‡Ç¨`«∞‡_»∞O Q˘~°`« =Ç≤ÏOѨ _»Ü≥∞º_», #‰õΩOiî`« ѨÓ~°‚ ã¨∞^è• Ñ¨Ü≥∂kèÖ’ #~°∞QÆ∞K«∞ QÍH˜ Ô~@ì ~Ú_ç#O^Œ∞# <Õq∞ H˘~°O`«, ÉèÏ㨯~å!

ÉèÏ=O : 㨢`Ê« =~°#Î QÆeæ ¿Ñ~°∞ „ѨMϺ`«∞Å∞ ã¨OáêkOz# ÃÑ^ŒÌ =∞x+≤x, XHõ =Ú+¨¯~°∞_»∞ hK« "åHͺÅ`À ^Œ∂+≤Oz`Õ, P =∞Ǩ`«∞‡x Q˘Ñ¨Ê`«<åxH˜ Ö’@∞QÆÅ^æ ∞Œ . ѨÓ~°O‚ QÍ =ÙO_ç JÅÅ`À =Ùá⁄ÊOˆQ, H©~Δ ° ™êQÆ~O° ÃÑ#· XHõ HÍH˜ ~Ô @ì "Õã#≤ O`« =∂„`å# P ã¨=Ú„^ŒO Ü≥ÚHõ¯ Ѷ∞¨ #`« `«yáæ È^Œ∞ Hõ^•. ‰õΩHõ¯ J~°z#O`« =∂„`å# U#∞QÆ∞ qÅ∞= `«yáæ È`«∞O^•! hu : hK«∞Å =∂@Å∞ Ѩ\ Oì˜ K«∞HÀ‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . J~å÷Å∞ : ã¨∞^è•Ñ¨Ü∂≥ kè ´ áêÅ ã¨=Ú„^ŒO† =Ú+¨¯~°∞_»∞ ´ K≥_"¤» å_»∞ Meaning: A noble man with character earns name and fame. Even if an evil man were to hurl abuses at him, still his greatness will in no way be less. An ocean of milk does not become impure because of a single crow’s dropping. It remains pure, with its billowing waves and remains the same mighty ocean. Hurl = throw Billows = rising waves Moral: Never give importance to the words of a bad man.

V

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

75

100. |Å=O`«∞_»∞ ÃÑ· <≥u#Î |ÅÇ‘Ï#∞_»∞, ^èŒ#=Ú QÀÅ∞Ѩ_ç# Ü«∞`«_»∞, „=Ú zÛÅ "ÕK∞« "å_»∞, QÍ=∂ ‰õΩÅ z`«∞Î_»∞ x„^ŒÖËHõ ‰õΩO^Œ∞^Œ∞ ~°kèáê! – PO„^èŒ =∞ǨÉèÏ~°`«O ÉèÏ=O : |Å=O`«∞xKÕ ^•_ç KÕÜ∞« |_ç# |ÅÇ‘Ï#∞_»∞, ^è<Œ åxfl áÈQ˘@∞ìH˘#fl "å_»∞, ^˘OQÆ`#« O KÕÜ∂« Åx "ÕzÜ«ÚO_Õ"å_»∞, HÍ=∞ qHÍ~°O`À =∞#ã¨∞û qHõÅ"≥∞#ÿ "å_»∞, ZѨC_»∞ U PѨ^Œ =ã¨∞OÎ ^À##fl ÉèÜ í ∞« O`À x„^ŒÖ‰Ë Ωõ O_® ^Œ∞ódã¨∂Î =ÙO\Ï~°∞. hu : ^Œ∞~åÖ’K«<åѨ~∞° ňH x„^Œ ~å^Œ∞. J~å÷Å∞ : „=ÚzÛÅ∞@ ´ ^˘OyeOK«∞@† ÃÑ<· u≥ #Î ´ g∞^ŒÑ_¨ #ç "åºMϺ#O : x„^Œ ÖˉõΩO_», ZѨC_»∞ U_»∞ã¨∞ÎO_Õ"åix QÆ∂iÛ ~ÚK«Û@ K≥ѨÊ|_çOk. |Å=O`«∞xKÕ ^•_çKÕÜ«∞|_ç# "åxH˜, ZѨC_»∞ F_çáÈ`å<À Jx ÉèíÜ«∞O Ѩ@∞ìH˘O@∞Ok. E^ŒOÖ’<À, QÆ∞„~°Ñ¨Ù ѨO^ÕÅÖ’<À, ^è#Œ O áÈQ˘@∞ìH˘#fl"å_»∞, `«# „|^Œ∞‰õΩ U=∞ø`«∞O^À Jx kQÆ∞Å∞`À =ÚxyáÈ`å_»∞. WO\˜H˜ Hõ#flO "Õã,≤ ^˘OQÆ`#« O KÕÜ∂« Åx "ÕzÜ«ÚO_Õ"å_»∞, `«##∞ Z=fi~°∞, ZѨC_»∞ Ѩ@∞ìH˘x tH˜™Δ êÎ~À J<Õ [O‰õΩ`À k‰õΩ¯Å∞ K«∂ã¨∞OÎ \Ï_»∞. XHõ ¢ãÃΑ Ñ· "åº"≥∂ǨÏO`À, HÍ"≥∂„^ÕHÍxfl J}K«∞HÀÖËx"å_»∞ qHõÅ"≥∞#ÿ =∞#ã¨∞û`À JÅ=∞\˜ã∞¨ OÎ \Ï_»∞. g~°∞ x„^ŒÑ@ ¨ Hì ,õ =∞#âß≈Ou ÖËHõ U_»∞ã¨∞OÎ \Ï~°∞. Meaning: A weak man opposed by a mighty man, a man who has lost all his wealth, a thief who waits to break into a house and a man blinded by passion can never hope to sleep peacefully, as they are always afraid of what may happen, and suffer deep anxiety. Moral: Evil minded people can never enjoy sound sleep.

V 101. ^è#Œ =Ú#∞ q^ŒºÜ«Ú =Oâ◊O |∞#∞ ^Œ∞~°‡`«∞ʼnõΩ =∞^ŒO|∞ á⁄#iOK«∞#∞ 㨠[˚#∞Öˇ#· "åi Hõ_‰» Ωõ = Ü«Ú#∞, q#Ü«∞=Ú xqÜ«∞ `≥K∞« Û #∞sfi<å^ä•! – PO„^èŒ =∞ǨÉèÏ~°`«O ÉèÏ=O : ^è#Œ O, q^Œº, =Oâ◊O J<Õq ^Œ∞~å‡~°∞Åæ ‰õΩ =∞^ŒO Hõe™æ êÎ~Ú. J"Õ ã¨<å‡~°∞Åæ q+¨Ü∞« OÖ’ J}‰õΩ=, q#Ü«∞O Hõe™æ êÎ~Ú. hu : áêÅ∞ „`åy# áê=Ú q+¨O Hõ‰Ωõ ¯`«∞Ok. J^Õ áêÅ∞ „`åy# â◊√#HõO qâßfiã¨O ÃÑOK«∞H˘O@∞Ok. 76

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

"åºMϺ#O : =∞Oz =Oâ◊OÖ’ [x‡OK«_O» , q^Œº <Õ~fi° _»O, ^è<Œ åxfl Pi˚OK«_O» =∞x+≤Ö’ =∂~°∞Ê `≥™êÎ~Ú. ^Œ∞~°#˚ ∞Å q+¨Ü∞« OÖ’ Jq =∞^•xfl, JǨÏOHÍ~åxfl Hõe™æ êÎ~Ú. ã¨[#˚ ∞Å q+¨Ü∞« OÖ’, Jq J}‰õΩ=, q#Ü«∞O Hõe™æ êÎ~Ú. Meaning: Wealth, scholarship and birth in a noble family make evil men proud and arrogant, while good men with the same advantages learn to be humble, and have no arrogance at all. Moral: A snake drinks milk and spits out poison. A dog drinks milk and learns to be loyal and true to its master.

V 102. PHÍâ◊O|∞##∞O_ç â◊OÉè∞í x t~°O |O^Œ∞O_ç j`å„k ã¨∞ â’¡HõOɡ·# Ç≤Ï=∂„k #∞O_ç Éèí∞q Éèí∂Ö’HõO|∞#O^Œ∞O_ç Ü«∞ ™ÈÎHÍOÉè’kè ѨÜ∂≥ kè #∞O_ç Ѩ=<åO^èÀÖ’Hõ=ÚO *Ë~Ô QÆO Q͉õÄÅOHõ+¨ ÃщõΩ¯ ÉèíOQÆ∞Å∞ q"ÕHõ „Éèí+¨ì ã¨Oáê`«=ÚÖò. – Éèí~°Î $ǨÏi ÉèÏ=O : Éèwí ~°^∞Œä _»∞ `«Ñ㨠∞¨ û KÕã≤ PHÍâ◊QOÆ QÆ Éè∂í Ö’HÍxH˜ =KÕÛ@@∞¡ KÕâß_»∞. QÆOQÍ#k "≥Ú^Œ@ t=Ùx t~°ã∞¨ û g∞^Œ, `«~åfi`« Ç≤Ï=∂ÅÜ«∞ Ѩ~fi° `«O g∞^Œ, `«^∞Œ Ѩi Éè∂í Ö’HõO g∞^Œ, J@∞ Ñ≤=∞‡@ ã¨=Ú„^ŒOÖ’H˜ ã¨=Ú„^ŒO #∞O_ç áê`åà◊Ö’HõOÖ’H˜ Ѩ_áç È`«∞Ok. JO>Ë L#fl`« ™ê÷#O XHõ`_« =» HÀÖ’Ê~Ú#"å_»∞, Z<Àfl q^è•Å∞QÍ „H˜OkH˜ *ÏiáÈ`«∂ z=~°‰Ωõ J^èÀQÆu áê֡ᷠÈ`å_»∞. hu : H˘O_»ÃÑ· #∞O_ç *Ïi# ~å~Ú, ZHõ¯_» Ѩ_ç PQÆ∞`«∞O^À `≥eÜ«∞^Œ∞. "åºMϺ#O : PHÍâ◊QOÆ QÆ, áê`åà◊Ö’HÍxH˜ KÕi# Ѩ^uúŒ x QÆ∂iÛ ~ÚK«Û@ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. "≥Ú^Œ@ QÆOQÍ#k PHÍâ◊OÖ’ =ÙO_Õk. Jk *Ïi t=Ùx [\ÏE@OÖ’ Ѩ_Oç k. JHõ¯_ç #∞O_ç *Ïi Ç≤Ï=∂ÅÜ«∞Ѩ~fi° `«O g∞^Œ Ѩ_Oç k. JO^Œ∞O_ç *Ïi Éè∂í Ö’HÍxH˜ KÕ~∞° H˘#flk. JHõ¯_» #∞O_ç ã¨=Ú„^ŒOÖ’H˜ KÕi áÈ~ÚOk. JHõ¯_» #∞O_ç áê`åà◊Ö’HõOÖ’H˜ Ѩ_áç È~ÚOk. W^Õ q^èOŒ QÍ, XHõ¯™êi L#fl`«™ê÷#OÖ’ Ѩ@∞ìHÀÖ’Ê~Ú# =ºH˜Î Z<Àfl q^è•Å∞QÍ „H˜OkH˜ *ÏiáÈ~Ú z=~°‰Ωõ J@ì_∞» QÆ∞ KÕ~∞° H˘O\Ï_»∞. Meaning: Bhagiratha performed severe penance and brought the Ganga from the sky to the earth. The holy river first descended to the locks of Lord Siva and then on to the Himalayas. From the Himalayan peaks the river flows down to the plains. Finally it joins the sea and moves on into the netherworld, Patala. Similarly, a man who has attained the highest peak of success loses it and slides down, descending till he finally disappears into oblivion.

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Oblivion = state of being forgotten. Moral: No one can predict where a stone rolling down the mountain side will come to a stop.

V 103. ã¨O^Œ∞ ^˘iÔH<Õx ã¨_çÜ«Ú K«Ñ¨C_»∞ ÖËHõ "Õ∞`«"Õ∞Ü«Ú"å_»∞ <Õ`«Ü«∞QÆ∞<≥? KÕ#∞ "Õ∞Ü«Ú HõOK≥ ¿ã=∞=Ú‡ #~°ÜÚ« <å "åã¨=Î =Ú‡ <å~°¡ "åi =∂@! ÉèÏ=O : U =∂„`«O ã¨O^Œ∞ ^˘iH˜<å, ã¨_ç K«ÑC¨ _»∞ ÖˉΩõ O_» „Ѩ*Ï^è<Œ åxfl „q∞OˆQ"å_»∞ x["≥∞#ÿ <åÜ«∞‰õΩ_»∞ HÍÖË_∞» . KÕ#∞<Õ ÉèHí OΔ˜ KÕ HõOK≥, KÕ#∞ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ Hˆ =Δ ∂xfl QÆ∂iÛ PÖ’zOK«^∞Œ QÆ^•! hu : „Ѩ*ψH=Δ ∞O HÀã¨O ѨxKÕ¿ã"å_Õ x["≥∞#ÿ <åÜ«∞‰õΩ_»∞. "åºMϺ#O : „Ѩ*Ï^è<Œ åxfl „q∞OˆQ"åix QÆ∂iÛ ~ÚK«Û@ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. U q^èOŒ QÍ „Ѩ*Ï^è<Œ åxfl „q∞OQÆ∞^•=∂ Jx H˘O^Œ~∞° HõxÃÑ@∞ìH˘x =ÙO\Ï~°∞. ã¨O^Œ∞ ^˘iH˜`Õ KåÅ∞ ã¨_ç K«ÑC¨ _»∞ ÖˉΩõ O_» P ^è<Œ åxfl "å~°∞ "Õ∞™êÎ~∞° . J@∞=O\˜ "åiH˜ "åi ™êfi~°"÷ ∞Õ HÍx ^Õâ◊ Hˆ =Δ ∞O =ÚYºO HÍ^Œ∞. J\˜ì "åiH˜ ~å*ϺkèHÍ~°O W=fi‰õÄ_»^Œ∞. Meaning: A man can never be a true leader of the people if he quietly embezzles public funds. A fence which grazes on a field it is supposed to protect, can never work for its welfare. Embezzle = steal Moral: A true leader works for the welfare of the people.

V 104. ™êfi~°÷"≥ÚHõ>ˇ ÜÕ∞Å∞ ã¨~°fi [QÆ`«∞Î#∞ ™êfi~°÷ =Ú_çQÔ <Õx âßOu QÆÅ∞æ ‰õΩÅ=Ú, =∞`«=Ú, ÉèÏ+¨ ‰õΩO\˜™ê‰õΩÅ∞ ã¨∞=∂! =∞#ã¨∞ qÑ≤Ê q#∞=Ú =∞Oz =∂@. – ã¨`º« O t=O ã¨∞O^Œ~O°

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ÉèÏ=O : D „ѨÑO¨ Kåxfl #_ç¿Ñk ™êfi~°O÷ XHõ¯>Ë. ‰õΩÅO, =∞`«O, ÉèÏ+¨ J<Õq `å`å¯eHõ"∞≥ #ÿ ‰õΩO\˜ ™ê‰õΩÅ∞ =∂„`«"Õ∞. JO^Œ∞=Å¡ ™êfi~å÷xfl [~ÚOK«QÆey`Õ ‰õΩÅO, =∞`«O J_»∞¤~å=Ù. Ö’HõOÖ’ âßOu ÜÕ∞~°Ê_»∞`«∞Ok. hu : ™êfi~å÷xfl q_ç¿ãÎ âßOu Åaèã∞¨ OÎ k. "åºMϺ#O : ™êfi~å÷xH˜ ‰õΩÅO, =∞`«O, ÉèÏ+¨ J<Õq ÖË=Ù. Jq `å`å¯eHõ"∞≥ #ÿ ‰õΩO\˜ ™ê‰õΩÅ∞ =∂„`«"∞Õ . „ѨÑO¨ Kåxfl <Õ_∞» Ѩiáêeã¨∞#Î flk ™êfi~°"÷ ∞Õ . P ™êfi~å÷xfl [~ÚOz#ѨC_Õ „ѨÑO¨ K«OÖ’ âßOu U~°Ê_»∞`«∞Ok. Jxfl =∞`åÅ∞ É’kèOz# ^è~Œ ‡° O ~Ú^Õ. Meaning: It is selfishness that makes the world go round. Differences on caste, religion and language all remain only weak excuses, to be used on and off. If selfishness can be conquered and erased, caste, religion or language will never come in the way of world peace. Erase = remove Moral: Erasing selfishness ensures peace.

V 105. J^è=Œ Ú_≥#· =∞#∞A_»~=÷° O`«∞O_≥#· J`«x =∂@ #_»K∞« #=xÖ’# QÆ[Ѩu H˘Å∞=O^Œ∞ QÆ=fiÅ∞ K≥Å"¡ å? qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : _»|∞ƒ#fl"å_»∞ J^è=Œ Ú_≥<· å "åx =∂@ <≥Q∞Æ `æ ∞« Ok. ~åA WO\˜Ö’ QÆ=fiÅ∞ ‰õÄ_» K≥Å∞¡ÉÏ@∞ J=Ù`å~Ú Hõ^•! Wn Ö’HõO f~°O. J~°O÷ : QÆ[Ѩu ´ ~åA hu : ã¨OѨ^ÖŒ ’<Õ Q˘Ñ¨Ê`«#O LO@∞Ok. ^•xfl QÆ=∞xOz #_»∞K«∞HÀ"åe. Meaning: An evil man, if he is rich, his word is writ everywhere. Even shells, have great value in a king’s court. That is the way of the world. Moral: There is great power in wealth knowing this, one has to conduct himself accordingly.

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106. ZO`« K«^∞Œ =Ù K«kq Ü≥∞xfl <ÕiÛ#QÍx Ç‘Ï#∞_»=QÆ∞}O|∞ =∂#ÖË_»∞ ÉÁQÆ∞æ áêÅQÆ_∞» QÆ É’=Ù<å =∞e#O|∞ qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : Zxfl q^ŒºÅ∞ <ÕiÛ<å, Ç‘Ï#∞_≥#· "å_»∞ ^Œ∞~°∞} æ Ïxfl =^Œ∞Å∞HÀ_»∞. ÉÁQÆ∞#æ ∞ áêÅ`À Hõ_yç #O`« =∂„`å#, ^•x =∂e#ºO áÈ^Œ∞ QÆ^•. hu : Zxfl q^ŒºÅ∞ <ÕiÛ<å, JÅ∞Ê_»∞ `«# ^Œ∞~°∞} æ Ïxfl =^ŒÅ_»∞. Meaning: No amount of education can change an evil man to become good and noble. Cleaning coal with milk is of no use as it will remain black. Moral: An evil man cannot change for the better, however much we may try.

V 107. huÖËx"åx xOkO„`«∞ Ö’‰õΩÅ∞ W`«~°QÆ∞}=ÚÅqfiÜ≥∞@∞ìÅ∞#fl, HÍ# =∂#=ÙO_»∞ ѨÓxHõ, #Ü«∞q^Œº QÆ_#» ¿ãÜ«∞ "≥Ú^ŒÅ QÆ_Q» =Æ ÅÜ«Ú. – huK«O„kHõ ÉèÏ=O : `«H¯˜ # QÆ∞}ÏÅ =∂@ Z@∞¡<åfl, huÖËx"åxx Ö’HõO `«Ñʨ Hõ xOkã¨∞OÎ k. JO^Œ∞=Å¡ Ѩ@∞ì^ÅŒ `À =∂#=Ù_»∞ hu=∂~°Oæ Ö’ ѨÜ∞« xOK«@O <Õ~∞° ÛHÀ"åe. hu : JxflO\’¡H˜ hu =∂~°Oæ Q˘Ñ¨Êk. Meaning: Whatever the qualities a man may have if he has no morals and ethics, the world is bound to criticize him. Thus a man should take the path of right conduct with determination, to win respect in society. Moral: The best of all paths is that of the right and true.

V 108. H˘OK≥ѨÙ#~°∞ã¨OQÆuKÕ JOz`«=ÚQÆ H©_∞» =K«∞Û #k Ü≥∞@¡#fl<£ H˜Oz`«∞Î #e¡ ‰õΩ\˜#ì =∞OK«=Ú#‰õΩ KÕ@∞ =K«∞Û =∞Ç≤ÏÖ’ ã¨∞=∞f. 80

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

ÉèÏ=O : XHõ #e¡ KÕi#O^Œ∞=Å¡ =∞OKåxfl "Õ_ç hà◊`¡ À Hõ_Q» _Æ O» , Hõ„~°`À H˘@ì_O» [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. JÖψQ XHõ JÅ∞Ê_»∞ h=Ù KÕ¿ã ã¨`å¯~°ºOÖ’ *Ëi`Õ P ã¨`å¯~åºxH˜ ÉèOí QÆO HõÅ∞æ`∞« Ok. hu : WO`« xѨC~°=fi KåÅ∞, WÅ∞¡ `«QÅÆ Éˇ@_ì ®xH˜. Meaning: One bed bug alone can drive people to wash their cots with hot water. The beds are thoroughly beaten and shaken with sticks. If one evil man has a part to play in any good project, it is bound to fail. Moral: One spark is enough to set fire to, and destroy a house.

V 109. ZѨC_»∞ ^ŒÑ¨CÅ∞ "≥^ŒÔH_»∞ JѨC~°∞+¨μx Q˘Åfi QÆ∂_»^Œk Ü≥∞@¡#fl<£ ã¨~Ê° O|∞ Ѩ_Q» hÆ _»#∞ QÆÑʨ =ã≤Oz# q^èOŒ |∞ QÆ^~Œ å ã¨∞=∞f. ÉèÏ=O : ZѨC_»∞#∞ `«ÑC¨ Å∞ Ѩ>"ìË åx „H˜O^Œ ѨxKÕÜ∞« _»O, áê=Ú Ñ¨_Q» Æ h_»Ö’ HõÑʨ x=ã≤Oz#@∞¡O@∞Ok. P áê=Ú U^À ™ê‰õΩ ÃÑ\˜ì HõÑʨ #∞ „q∞OQÆ=K«∞Û. HÍ|\˜ì J\˜"ì åx =^ŒÌ H˘Å∞=Ù KÕÜ∞« QÆ∂_»^∞Œ . hu : Ñ≤e`¡ À ZÅ∞Hõ K≥ÅQÍ@ =∂_»Q∂Æ _»^∞Œ . Meaning: Working with a man who is forever finding fault with one’s service, is like a frog living in the shade of a cobras’ hood. The snake is sure to find an excuse any moment to swallow the frog. One should never work under such a man. Moral: Never play a cat and mouse game.

V 110. ^ŒQ~æÆ ° H˘O_≥=Ú K≥ÃÑÊ_»∞ „ÃÑQÆæ_»Ñ¨Å∞‰õΩʼnõΩ ~åA „Ñ≤Ü«Ú_≥· =∞i `å <≥QÆ∞æ „|[HÍK«iOK«∞@ ÉÁQÆ∞æÅÔH· HõÅÊ`«~°∞=Ù ÉÁ_»∞K«∞@ ã¨∞=∞f. ÉèÏ=O : ~å*ˇ#· "å_»∞ `«# ^ŒQ~æÆ ° KÕi, H˘O_≥=ÚÅ∞ K≥¿ÑÊ =∞O„u =∂@efl #q∞‡, `«# „Ѩ[ʼnõΩ H©_∞» KÕÜ∞« ‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . J\Ï¡ H©_∞» KÕÜ∞« _»O, HÀiHõÅxflO\˜x fˆ~Û HõÅÊ=$HΔÍxfl ÉÁQÆ∞Åæ HÀã¨O H˘\˜"ì ãÕ #≤ @¡=Ù`«∞Ok. hu : H˘O_≥=ÚÅ∞ K≥¿ÑÊ"å}˜‚ ^ŒQ~æÆ ‰° Ωõ ~åhÜ«∞‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . `≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

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Meaning: A king should never believe his minister who carries tales about his subjects to harm them. Such attitudes are like cutting down the sacred “Kalpataru” or the wishing tree to get coal. Moral: Never allow a tale bearing mischievous person to come near and cause trouble.

V 111. Z_≥¤ =∞#∞+¨μº_Õ "≥∞~°∞QÆ∞ <≥xfl k#O|∞Å∞ ‰õÄ_ç Ü«ÚO_ç#<£ ^˘_»¤ QÆ∞}Ï_è»∞º#O^Œ∞QÆÅ `À~°Ñ¨Ù =~°Î#ÖˇÅ¡, „Ѩ[˝ ÉË ~°fi_»¤ q"ÕHsõ u, ~°∞záêHõ=Ú <åÅ∞HõQÍ HÔ ~°∞OQÆ∞<Õ `≥_»¤k ‰õÄ~°Ö’, QÆÅÜ«∞ „k=∞‡~°∞ K«∞O_ç# <≥·# ÉèÏ㨯~å! ÉèÏ=O : ^˘_»¤ QÆ∞}ÏÅ∞ Hõe#æ =∞#∞+¨μºx =^Œ,Ì Z_≥¤ =∞#∞+¨μº_≥O`«HÍÅO ‰õÄ_ç =ÙO_ç<å, ^˘_»¤ QÆ∞}ÏÅ#∞ á⁄O^ŒÖ_Ë ∞» . q"ÕHOõ QÆÅ"å_Õ á⁄O^ŒQÅÆ _»∞. ~°∞z`À ‰õÄ_ç# ‰õÄ~°Ö’, `≥_∞» ¤ Zxfl™ê~°∞¡ uiy<å, JO^Œe ~°∞zx „QÆÇÏ≤ OK«Ö^Ë ∞Œ . <åÅ∞Hõ =∂„`«"∞Õ „QÆÇÏ≤ OK«QÅÆ ^Œ∞. hu : =¸~°∞_ö ∞» =∞Oz"åi`À ZO`«HÍÅ=Ú<åfl =∞Ozx „QÆÇÏ≤ OK«Ö_Ë ∞» . Meaning: A stupid person can never imbibe great qualities, however long he lives, with a man who has great qualities. Only an intelligent man can benefit and learn from a great man. A wooden ladle will never know the taste of a dish, no matter however many times it is used to stir. It is only the tongue which can know the taste. Imbibe = absorb, „QÆÇÏ≤ OK«∞ Moral: A stupid man can never learn good things from great people, however long he may have been in their company.

V 112. Ju QÆ∞}Ç‘Ï# Ö’aèH,˜ Ѩ^•~°=÷ Ú QÆe#æ , ÖËHõ Ü«ÚO_ç#<£ q∞`«=ÚQÆQÍx Hõe‡QÆÅg∞^Œ@<≥#· Éè∞í lOѨ_Oç ѨÙQÍ ã¨`=« ∞x #=Ú‡ ^ÕÇϨ =Ú#∞ ã¨OѨ^,Œ <Õ~∞° Å∞ xO_ç áêi#<£ QÆ`«∞HõQÆ EK«∞ QÆ∞Hõ¯ `«# Hõ@ì_» g∞~°Hõ Ü≥∞O^Œ∞, ÉèÏ㨯~å!

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ÉèÏ=O : `«# =^ŒÌ ã¨OѨ^Œ Ü≥∞O`«=Ù<åfl, Ö’aèÜ∞ÿ≥ #"å_»∞ `«$Ñ≤QÎ Í Éè’[#O KÕÜ∞« _»∞. `«# ^ÕÇϨ O, ã¨OѨ^Œ `«# =^ŒÌ ã≤~÷ O° QÍ =ÙO\ÏÜ«∞x ÉèÏq™êÎ_∞» . J`«x „|^Œ∞‰õΩ Z\˜^ì OŒ >Ë, U~°∞ á⁄Oy á⁄~°e „Ѩ=Ç≤Ïã¨∞<Î åfl, hà◊#¡ ∞ QÆuH˜ „`åˆQ ‰õΩHõ¯ „|^Œ∞‰õΩÖÏO\˜k. hu : U~°∞ =~°^·≥ áêi<å, ‰õΩHõ¯‰õΩ QÆ`∞« ‰õΩ hàıQ¡ uÆ . Meaning: A hopeless miser can never enjoy a good meal, however much wealth he has. He believes that his body and wealth are going to remain with him forever. His life is so miserable, that his life is like that of a dog, which can only lap and drink water, even if there is a flood around him. Moral: Even if a stream swells in flood, the fate of a dog is such, that it can only lap the water with its tongue.

V 113. |Å=Ú QÆÅ"åx |Å∞=Ù~°∞ |ÅqÇ‘Ï#∞ ÖÁHõ¯>ˇÿ QÆ∂_ç xi˚O`«∞~°∞`«ûÇ≤ÏOz =∞^è∞Œ =ÙQ˘# #∞`«ûÇ≤ÏOz# =∞#∞A|\˜ì ‰õΩ\˜ì xi˚OK«∞ =∞^èŒ∞Hõ~° ‰õΩÅ=Ú#@∞¡ ÉèÏ=O : Wk SHõ=∞`åºxfl `≥e¿Ñ Ѩ^ºŒ O. |ÅO Hõey# "åxx J<ÕH=õ ∞Ok |ÅÇ‘Ï#∞Å∞ SHõ=∞`«ºO`À F_çOK«QÅÆ ~°∞. `Õ<≥ fã¨∞HÀ"åÅx „ѨÜ∞« uflOz# =∞x+≤x `Õ<\≥ Q© ÅÆ ∞ ‰õΩ\˜ì K«OѨÙ`å~Ú Hõ^•! hu : SHõ=∞`«º"Õ∞ =∞Ǩ |ÅO. J~å÷Å∞ : =∞^è∞Œ =Ù ´ `Õ<†≥ =∞^è∞Œ Hõ~‰° Ωõ Å=Ú ´ `Õ<\≥ Q© ÅÆ QÆ∞OѨن "åºMϺ#O : D Ѩ^ºŒ O LѨ=∂ÅOHÍ~°OÖ’ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. =∞ǨÉèÏ~°`O« Ö’ áêO_»=ÙÅ∞ J~°}º"åã¨O KÕ¿ã ã¨O^Œ~°ƒùOÖ’ cè=Ú_»∞ ^èŒ~°‡~åA`À K≥Ñ≤Ê# =∂@eq. |ÅÇ‘Ï#∞Å∞ ‰õÄ_® SHõ=∞`«ºO`À |Å=O`«∞x [~ÚOK«=K«∞Û. H“~°=ÙÅ∞ #∂~°∞ =∞Ok L<åfl áêO_»=ÙÅO =∞#O S^Œ∞QÆ∞~ˆ J~Ú<å SHõ=∞`«ºO`À "åix [~ÚOK«QÅÆ O J<Õ P`«‡qâßfi™êxfl cè=Ú_»∞ „ѨH\õ O˜ Kå_»∞. Meaning: This Stanza is about the strength of unity. A strong man can be overcome and be defeated when many far weaker opponents stand together united to fight. Small bees can kill a man who tries to take away honey from their honeycomb, by stinging him to death. Moral: There is great strength in unity.

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114. T~°Hõ ã¨[#˚ ∞O_˘ky Ü«ÚO_ç#<≥#· ^Œ∞~å`«‡‰õΩO_»∞ x ëê¯~°} "≥∂~°fiÖËH,õ Ü«∞ѨHÍ~°=Ú KÕÜÚ« @ "åx q^ŒºQÍ p~°Å∞ #∂~°∞ @OHõ=ÚÅ∞ KÕÃã_ç"#·≥ #∞ ɡ>#ìˇ ∞O_»QÍ KÕi zxOyáÈ Q˘~°∞‰õΩ z=∞‡@ˆHq∞ ѶŨ O|∞ ÉèÏ㨯~å! ÉèÏ=O : qÅ∞=QÆÅ =¢™êÎÅ∞ ÃÑ>ˇÖì ’ =ÙO>Ë, `«#Hˆ q∞ „ѨÜ∂≥ [#O ÖËHáõ È~Ú<å, z=∞@ H˘>Ëãì ∞¨ OÎ k. JÖψQ, xëê¯~°}OQÍ ã¨[#˚ ∞xH˜ ^Œ∞~°#˚ ∞_»∞ JѨHÍ~°O KÕ™êÎ_∞» . hu : HÍ~°}O ÖËHáõ È~Ú<å Ѩ~∞° Å#∞ Ç≤ÏOã≤™êÎ_∞» ^Œ∞~°#˚ ∞_»∞. Meaning: Moths eat away precious silks, though carefully stored in a box. Similarly an evil man often harms a good man, for no valid reason at all. Moral: An evil man often harms others though he has no reason to do so.

V 115. uqi, ~Úã¨∞=Ú# ^≥Å· O|∞ nÜ«∞=K«∞Û ^Œqe =∞$QÆ`«$+¨‚Ö’ h~°∞ „^•==K«∞Û kiy ‰õΩO^Õ\ ˜ H˘=Ú‡ ™êkèOѨ=K«∞Û *Ëi =¸~°∞xö =∞#ã¨∞ ~°OlOѨ~å^Œ∞. – Éèí~°Î $ǨÏi ÉèÏ=O : Wã¨∞Hõ#∞ Ñ≤O_ç `≥Ö· Ïxfl fÜ«∞=K«∞Û. ZO_»=∂=ÙÅÖ’x hà◊§#∞ „`åQÆ=K«∞Û. Jxfl KÀ@¡ uiy, ‰õΩO^Õ\ ˜ H˘=Ú‡#∞ `Õ=K«∞Û. HÍx =¸~°∞xö ã¨O`À+¨ÃÑ@ìÖ=Ë Ú. hu : U"≥∞<ÿ å ™êkèOK«=K«∞Û. HÍx =¸~°∞xö ã¨O`À+¨ÃÑ@ìÖ=Ë Ú. Meaning: It is possible to squeeze oil from sand, drink water from a mirage, or search far and wide and bring a rabbits’ horn, but it is impossible to please a stupid man. Moral: Anything is possible except satisfying a foolish man.

V

84

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

116. HÀѨ=Ú #∞|∞ƒ#∞ QÆ~fi° =Ú <åáÈ=Hõ Ü«ÚxH˜ÜÚ« #∞ ^Œ∞~°a=è ∂#=Ú x ~åfi ºáê~°`fi« =Ú ##∞ xq HÍѨÙ~°∞+¨ QÆ∞}O|∞ ÅO„_»∞ H“~°=<å^ä•! – PO„^è=Œ ∞ǨÉèÏ~°`O« ÉèÏ=O : „Ѩu^•xH˜ HÀѨyOK«_O» , JÅÊã¨O`À+¨O`À á⁄OyáÈ=_»O, QÆ~åfixfl „Ѩ^iŒ ≈OK«_O» , ^ÕxH˜x `«$Ñ≤KÎ O≥ ^Œ‰Ωõ O_»_O» , ^Œ∞~°a=è ∂#O K«∂Ñ≤OK«_O» , Ѩxáê@ ÖˉΩõ O_» u~°Q_Æ O» Wq ^Œ∞+¨μxì Ü≥ÚHõ¯ ÅHõ} Δ ÏÅ∞. hu : `«∞=∞‡K≥@∞ì‰Ωõ =ÚO_»∞Ö¡ ÏQÍ, ^Œ∞~å‡~°∞xæ H˜ ^Œ∞~°∞} æ ÏÅ∞O\Ï~Ú. J~°O÷ : PáÈ=HõÜÚ« xH˜ ´ `«$Ñ≤ÖÎ HË õ áÈ=_»O Meaning: The qualities of an unpleasant man of low character are, to lose his temper often, be wildly happy for minor things, be very proud, be dissatisfied all the time, be vain and arrogant and drifts around doing nothing of importance. Moral: An evil man’s bad qualities are like the thorns of a babul tree.

V

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

85

12. Ö’Hõ ã¨fiÉèÏ= Ѩ^Œúu 117. ‰õΩà◊√§É’`«∞<˘^ŒÌ QÆ∂_ç =∂\Ï_ç# Q˘Ñ¨Ê =∞~°‡=ÚÅ#∞ *ˇÑʨ ~å^Œ∞ ¿Ñ~°∞ f~°∞ ^≥ÅÊ #∂Ô~Å¡ =Ú\˜Oì K«∞ qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : Jã¨∂Ü«∂Ѩ~∞° x`À =∂\Ï¡_@Õ Ñ¨C_»∞, =ºH˜QÎ `Æ "« ∞≥ #ÿ ~°ÇϨ ™êºÅ#∞ K≥Ñʨ ‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . J`«_® ~°ÇϨ ™êºÅ#∞ T~°O`å Kå\˜™êÎ_∞» . HÍ|\˜ì h=Ù Z=i`À Uq∞ =∂\Ï¡_®Ö’ =ÚO^Œ∞QÍ PÖ’zOK«∞HÀ"åe. hu : h =ºH˜QÎ `Æ « ~°ÇϨ ™êºÅ#∞, Jã¨∂Ü«∂Ѩ~∞° ʼnõΩ `≥eÜ«∞h‰õΩ. "åºMϺ#O : ã¨O™ê~°O QÆ∞@∞ì qѨÊQÆ∂_»^Œx ~ÚK«Û@ `≥eÜ«∞KÕÜ«∞|_çOk. „Ѩu =∞x+≤H˜ U"À ~°ÇϨ ™êºÅ∞O\Ï~Ú. Jq [#‡‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz#"À, ^è#Œ O WzÛ Ñ¨ÙK«∞ÛHÀ=_®xH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz#"À, „¿Ñ=∞‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz#"À, J~Ú =ÙO_»=K«∞Û. "å\˜x ɡ@ · ÃÑ_ç`Õ ã¨OѶ∞¨ OÖ’ h Ѩ~∞° =Ù =∞~åº^ŒÅ‰õΩ ÉèOí QÆO HõÅ∞QÆ=K«∞Û. J@∞=O\˜ ~°ÇϨ ™êºÅ#∞, Jã¨∂Ü«∂Ѩ~∞° xH˜ h=Ù K≥Ñʨ ‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . J`«_∞» "å\˜x, T~°∞, "å_»‰Ωõ `≥e¿ã@@∞¡ \ÏO\ÏO KÕ™êÎ_∞» . h=Ù `«ÅÜ≥∞`«∞HÎ ˘x ã¨OѶ∞¨ OÖ’ u~°Q‰Æ Ωõ O_® KÕ™êÎ_∞» . Meaning: Never give away personal secrets to a man who is jealous. He is bound to spread these secrets to the whole town. One should always give careful thought to what should be spoken and to whom. Envy=jealousy Moral: Never reveal personal secrets to an envious man.

V 118. K≥ÑC¨ Ö’# ~å~Ú, K≥qÖ’# *’sQÆ HõO\˜Ö’x #Å∞ã¨∞, HÍe=ÚÅ∞¡ WO\˜Ö’x áÈ~°∞, xO`«O`« QÍ^ŒÜ∂« ! qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : K≥ÑC¨ Ö’ ~å~Ú Ñ¨_`ç ,Õ K≥qÖ’ *’sQÆ ^Œ∂i`Õ, HõO\’¡ #Å∞ã¨∞ Ѩ_`ç ,Õ HÍeÖ’ =ÚÅ∞¡ „QÆ∞K«∞ÛH˘O>Ë ZO`« ÉÏ^èŒ HõÅ∞QÆ∞`«∞O^À WO\’¡ áÈ~°∞ JO`« ÉÏ^èŒ Hõeãæ ∞¨ OÎ k. HÍ|\˜ì WO\’¡ áÈ~°∞ [~°∞QƉΩõ O_® *Ï„QÆ`Ϋ Ѩ_®e.

86

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

hu : Z\˜ì Ѩiã≤`÷ ∞« Ö’¡#∞, ~ÚO\’¡ `«Q=Æ ÙÅ∞ ÃÑ@∞ìHÀ~å^Œ∞. "åºMϺ#O : WHõ¯_», WO\˜áÈ~°∞#∞ Éèií OK«_O» ZO`« Hõ+"ì¨ ∂≥ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. WO\˜Ö’ áÈ~°∞ JO>Ë ã¨O™ê~°OÖ’ áÈ~°∞ Jx K≥ÑC¨ HÀ"åe. Ñ≤ÅÅ¡ ÃÑOѨHOõ , q^Œº <ÕiÊOK«_O» , q"åǨÅ∞ K≥Ü∞« º_»O W\˜ì q+¨Ü∂« Ö’¡ WO\˜H˜ ÃÑ^ŒÖÌ #·ˇ `«e^¡ OŒ „_»∞Å =∞^躌 <Õ á⁄~°á⁄KåÛÅ∞ ~å=K«∞Û. WO\˜H˜ =zÛ# HÀ_»à‰¡◊ Ωõ , J`«=Î ∂=∞ʼnõΩ, XkÌH,õ ™ê=∞~°ãº¨ O =ÙO_»Háõ È=K«∞Û. J#fl^Œ=ڇŠ=∞^躌 Pã≤ΠѨOѨHOõ Ö’ `«QÍ^•Å∞ ~å=K«∞Û. Wq "≥Ú^Œ\’¡ z#flqQÍ =ÙO_ç HÍÅO QÆ_Kç Õ H˘Åk ÃÑ^Œ"Ì ,·≥ ~ÚO\’¡ zK«∞Û ÃÑ_»`å~Ú. Jq∞`«"∞≥ #ÿ ÉÏ^èŒ Hõe™æ êÎ~Ú. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ, K≥ÑC¨ Ö’ Ѩ_Õ ~å~Ú KåÅ z#flk, K≥qÖ’ ^Œ∂~ˆ *’sQÆ ‰õÄ_® z#fl^Õ. HõO\’¡ Ѩ_Õ #Å∞ã¨∞ HõO\˜H˜ Hõ#Ѩ_#» O`« z#flk. HÍeÖ’ QÆ∞K«∞ÛH˘<Õ =ÚÅ∞¡ ‰õÄ_» ã¨fiÅÊ"≥∞#ÿ ^Õ. HÍx Jq HõeOæ KÕ ÉÏ^èŒ JOuO`å HÍ^Œ∞. HÍ|\˜ì ~ÚO\’¡ Z@∞=O\˜ Ѩiã≤`÷ ∞« ÖÖ’ ‰õÄ_», `«Q=Æ ÙÅ∞ ~å‰õΩO_» *Ï„QÆ`Ϋ Ѩ_®e. Meaning: Quarrelling and squabbling in a home is troublesome, very like a stone in a shoe, a bee in the ear, a particle in the eye, and a thorn in the leg. These cause much pain and suffering. Care has always to be taken to have a happy home.

» ∂_»∞ Squabbling = [QÆ_= Moral: It is wise to never have quarrels in a home for it to remain a truly happy home.

V 119. `«e¡^ŒO„_»∞ÅO^Œ∞ ^ŒÜ«∞ÖËx Ѩل`«∞O_»∞ ѨÙ@ì<Õq∞! "å_»∞ y@ì<Õq∞! ѨÙ@ìÖ’# K≥^ŒÅ∞ ѨÙ@ì^•! y@ì^•! qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : `«e^¡ OŒ „_»∞Å g∞^Œ ^ŒÜ∞« K«∂Ñ≤Oz ¿ã=KÕÜ∞« x ‰õΩ=∂~°∞_»∞ ѨÙ\˜<ì å XHõ¯>Ë K«zÛ<å XHõ¯>Ë. ѨÙ@ìÖ’ K≥^ÅŒ ∞ ѨÙ_»∞`«∞Ok K«zÛáÈ`«∞Ok. ^•x<≥=~°∞ QÆ=∞xOK«~∞° . ‰õΩ=∂~°∞_»∞ ‰õÄ_» P K≥^ÅŒ =O\˜ "å_Õ. Wk ã¨O™ê¯~°ÇÏ‘ #`åfixfl `≥eÜ«∞KÕã∞¨ OÎ k. hu : `«e^¡ OŒ „_»∞Å#∞ „¿Ñq∞OKåe. JÖÏ KÕÜ∞« x "å~°∞ rqOK«_O» =º~°O÷ . "åºMϺ#O : WHõ¯_» `«e^¡ OŒ „_»∞Å∞, Ñ≤ÅÅ¡ =∞^躌 =ÙO_»=Åã≤# „¿Ñ=∞#∞ QÆ∂iÛ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. D ã¨$+≤Öì ’ Z<Àfl r=ÙÅ∞ ѨÙ\˜ì y@∞ì`∂« =ÙO\Ï~Ú. P r=Ùefl Hõ#fl r=ÙÅ∞ H˘O`« =Ü«∞ã¨∞û =KÕÛ^•HÍ "å\˜x „¿Ñ=∞`À ÃÑOz áÈ+≤Oz =^ŒÖ™Ë êÎ~Ú. Ñ≤Å¡ r=ÙÅ∞ `«=∞O`« `å=Ú „|`«H_õ O» <Õ~∞° ÛH˘O\Ï~Ú. HÍx `«e`¡ O« „_»∞Å#∞ Jq =∞~°záÈ`å~Ú. Wk "å\˜ ã¨ÇϨ [ ÅHõ} Δ O. =∂#=Ù_»\Ï¡ HÍ^Œ∞, `«##∞ „¿Ñ=∞`À ÃÑOz áÈ+≤Oz# `«e^¡ OŒ „_»∞Å#∞ uiy „¿Ñq∞™êÎ_∞» . Wk =∂#= ÅHõ} Δ O. W\Ï¡ „¿Ñq∞OK«ÖxË Ñ¨Ù„`«∞_»∞ QÍx, ѨلuHõ QÍx, Ѩâ√◊ ѨHÍΔ º^Œ∞Å`À ã¨=∂#O. XHõ ѨÙ@ìÖ’ ѨÙ\˜,ì y@∞ì`∞« #fl K≥^ÅŒ ∞ ѨÙ~°∞QÆ∞ʼnõΩ "åiH˜ Éè^Ë OŒ ÖË^∞Œ . WO^Œ∞=Å¡ =∂#=`«fiO Ѩâ√◊ `åfixH˜ kQÆ*Ïi#\∫¡`∞« Ok. `≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

87

Meaning: A son who does not take care of his parents in their old age is of no use. It makes no difference whether he is alive or dead. Termites are born in mounds of earth and die. No one is ever aware of them. A son who fails in his duty is like these termites. Moral: One should love and care for his parents. One who does not do so lives a wasted life.

V 120. áêÅÑ≤@ì â◊‰õΩ# Ѷ¨Åq∞K«∞Û#O^Œ∞~°∞† áêÅÑ≤@Hˆì q∞ ѶŨ =Ú ^≥eÜ«Ú? `«#^Œ∞ "Õ∞Å∞ H©à◊√¡ `«#`À_» #∞O_»QÆ qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : áêÅÑ≤@#ì ∞ K«∂_»_O» =∞Oz â◊‰Ωõ #O. JO^Œ∞=Å¡ J^Œ$+¨Oì Åaèã∞¨ OÎ ^Œx JO\Ï~°∞. Z=i J^Œ$+¨Oì "åi =^ŒÌ =ÙO@∞Ok. HÍx áêÅÑ≤@‰ì Ωõ J^Œ$+¨Oì QÆ∂iÛ Uq∞ `≥Å∞ã¨∞OÎ k? qâ◊fiOÖ’ [iˆQ J#∂ǨϺ ã¨OѶ∞¨ @#efl J~°O÷ KÕã∞¨ HÀÖËx H˘O^Œ~∞° , WÖÏ #=∞‡HÍÅ∞ U~°Ê~°K∞« H˘O\Ï~°∞. hu : â◊‰Ωõ <åÅ∞ HÍ^Œ∞, ã¨fiÜ«∞OHõ$+≤x #=Ú‡HÀ"åe. "åºMϺ#O : â◊‰Ωõ <åʼnõΩ =∞x+≤ J^Œ$ëêìxH˜ QÆÅ ã¨O|O^è"Œ ∞Õ q∞@x ~ÚHõ¯_» „ѨtflOK«_O» [iyOk. XHõ =ºH˜Î HÍ~åº~°"÷ ∞≥ ÿ |Ü«∞Å∞^Õi ɡ@ · ‰õΩ "≥à√◊ OÎ >Ë, ^•iÖ’ áêÅÑ≤@ì HõxÑ≤OzOk. Jk =∞Oz â◊‰Ωõ #=∞x, JO^Œ∞=Å¡ J`«x Ѩx ã¨ÑŨ¶ =∞ø`«∞O^Œx *’ºu+¨μ¯Å∞ J<åfl~°∞. W\˜ì â◊‰Ωõ # Ѷ֨ ÏÅ∞ XˆH ^ÕâO◊ Ö’<Õ „áêO`åxfl |\˜ì =∂~°∞`«∞O\Ï~Ú. H˘xfl ^ÕâßÅÖ’ â◊‰õΩ<åÅ∞ K«∂_»_»"Õ∞ =ÙO_»^Œ∞. J~Ú<å "åi Ѩ#∞Å∞ <≥~"° ~Õ ∞° `«∞<åfl~Ú. Z=iH˜ [iˆQ H©_∞» QÍx, "Õ∞Å∞ QÍx "åi "åi Hõ$+≤ g∞^Œ P^è•~°Ñ_¨ ç =ÙO@∞Ok HÍx, â◊‰Ωõ <åÅ g∞^Œ HÍ^Œx J~°O÷ . Meaning: It is considered a good omen to see a blue jay (a bird). People believe it brings them luck. Each one’s luck is his own and the bird does not know anything about what people believe in. Those who are unable to understand certain happenings beyond their comprehension believe in these superstitions. Moral: One should always depend on one’s own ability and not in omens of luck or illluck.

V 121. ~å=∞ <å=∞ [Ѩ=ÚKÕ =Ú#∞fl "åb‡H˜ áêÑ≤ É’Ü«∞_»Ü«Úº ÉÏѨ_»Ü≥∞º! ‰õΩÅ=Ú Ñ¶∞¨ #=Ú QÍ^Œ∞ QÆ∞}"Õ∞ Ѷ∞¨ #=Ú‡ ~å qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! 88

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

ÉèÏ=O : "åb‡H˜ ѨÙ@∞ìH`õ À É’Ü«∞"å_»∞. ~å=∂Ü«∞} =∞ǨHÍ"åºxfl ~°zOz, ~å=∞ <å=∞ [ѨO =Å¡ =∞ǨÏi¬ Ü≥∞ÿ <å_»∞. ‰õΩÅO HõO>Ë QÆ∞}O „Ѩ^•è #"≥∞#ÿ ^Œx x~°∂Ñ≤OKå_»∞. hu : ‰õΩÅO HõO>ˇ QÆ∞}"Õ∞ „Ѩ^•è #O. "åºMϺ#O : ‰õΩÅO HÍ^Œ∞ QÆ∞}O „Ѩ^•è #=∞x ~ÚHõ¯_» K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. Ç≤ÏO^Œ∂ ã¨OѶ∞¨ OÖ’ ѨÓ~°fiO =$uÎÃÑ· P^è•~°Ñ_¨ ç ‰õΩÅ =º=ã¨÷ U~°Ê_çOk. =$uÎx |\˜ì XHõ =ºH˜HÎ ˜ ã¨=∂[OÖ’ Q“~°=q∞=fi_»O [iˆQk. Jk ã¨iÜ≥∞ÿ # Ѩ^uúŒ QÍ^Œx „H˜O^Œ L^•Ç¨Ï~°} `≥eÜ«∞KÕã∞¨ OÎ k. N=∞„^•=∂Ü«∞}Ïxfl ã¨O㨯 $`«OÖ’ ~°zOz# "åb‡H˜ =∞ǨÏi¬ =$uÎÖ’ É’Ü«∞"å_»∞. [O`«∞=ÙÅ#∞ "Õ\Ï_ç rqOKÕ"å_»∞. J`«_∞» J~°}ºOÖ’ =Úhâ◊fi~°∞Å ^•fi~å *Ï˝<À^ŒÜ∂« xfl á⁄Ok, `«Ñ㨠∞¨ û KÕã,≤ q^•ºq*Ï˝<åÅ <åi˚Oz ~å=∂Ü«∞}Ïxfl HÍ=ºOQÍ ~°zOz, J`«∞º`«=Î ∞"≥∞#ÿ =∞ǨÏi¬ Ѩ^qŒ x á⁄O^ŒQeÆ y<å_»∞. ‰õΩÅO HõO>ˇ QÆ∞}O Ѷ∞¨ #"≥∞#ÿ ^Œx x~°∂Ñ≤OKå_»∞. Meaning: The poet Valmiki was a tribal hunter. He was able to compose the great epic of the Ramayana, and with the chanting of the sacred name of Rama, he was transformed into a great sage. It is character which is far more relevant than caste. This is proved in his case. Moral: Character is far more important than caste.

V 122. #∞`«[ÅѨÓi`«O|∞ÅQÆ∞ #∂`«∞Å∞ #∂é˜\ H˜ Oõ >ˇ ã¨∂#$`« „=`«! Ü≥ÚHõ ÉÏq "Õ∞Å∞ =∞i ÉÏ=ÙÅ∞ #∂é˜\ H˜ Oõ >ˇ <˘Hõ¯ 㨠¢`«¯`«∞=k "Õ∞Å∞ `«„`«¯`«∞ â◊`«O|∞#HõO>ˇ ã¨∞`«∞O_»∞ "Õ∞Å∞ `« `«∞û`« â◊`«HõO|∞ HõO>ˇ <˘Hõ ã¨∂#$`« "åHõº=Ú "Õ∞Å∞ ã¨∂_»QÆ<£ ÉèÏ=O : =∞Oz KÕ^Œ ÉÏ=ÙÅ∞ `«qfiOK«@O HõO>ˇ #∂~°∞ kQÆ∞_»∞ ÉÏ=ÙÅ∞ `«qfiOK«_O» "Õ∞Å∞. #∂~°∞ kQÆ∞_»∞ ÉÏ=ÙÅ∞ `«qfiOK«@O HõO>Ë XHõ =∞Oz Ü«∞[˝O KÕÜ∞« @O "Õ∞Å∞. #∂~°∞ Ü«∞*Ï˝Å HõO>Ë XHõ =∞Oz Ѩل`«∞_»∞ HõÅQÆ@O "Õ∞Å∞. =∞Oz Ѩل`«∞Å∞ #∂~°∞QÆ∞~°∞ HõO>Ë XHõ ã¨`º« "åHõºO "Õ∞Å∞. hu : =O^Œ=∞Ok ã¨∞Ѩل`«∞Å HõO>Ë XHõ ã¨`º« "åHõºO Q˘Ñ¨Êk. J~å÷Å∞ : ã¨∂#$`«„=`«! ´ ZÅ¡ÑC¨ _»∂ ã¨`åº<Õfl =∂\Ï¡_∞» `å#<Õ xÜ«∞=∞O Hõey#"å_®! "åºMϺ#O : XHõ^•x `«~åfi`« =∞~˘Hõ^•xH˜ L`«¯~°¬ K≥ÑÓ¨ Î =i‚¿ãÎ ™ê~åÅOHÍ~°O J=Ù`«∞Ok. JO>Ë XHõ^•x HõO>Ë =∞~˘Hõ\ ˜ Q˘Ñ¨Ê Jx K≥Ñʨ @=∞x J~°O÷ . D Ѩ^ºŒ O =∞ǨÉèÏ~°`O« Ö’ â◊‰Ωõ O`«Å ^Œ∞+¨ºO`«∞Å Hõ^ÖŒä ’xk. â◊‰Ωõ O`«Å#∞ ^Œ∞+¨ºO`«∞_»∞ QÍO^è~Œ fi° q"åǨÏO KÕã∞¨ H˘x XHõ ‰õΩ=∂~°∞x [#‡‰õΩ HÍ~°‰Ωõ _≥· P"≥∞#∞ Z~°∞QÆ#@∞¡ =∂\Ï¡_∞» `å_»∞. JÖÏO\˜ J`«xx P"≥∞ ã¨∞#$`«=`«! Jx ã¨OÉ’kèOK«_O» Ö’ ZuÎá⁄_»∞Ѩ٠LOk. ã¨`º« O *’ºu ÖÏO\˜k, Jk =∞#Å#∞ =∞# K«∞@∂ì L#fl "åà◊§#∞ J^è~Œ ‡° O J<Õ QÀuÖ’ Ѩ_ç <åâ◊#O H͉õΩO_® HÍáê_ç "Õ∞Å∞ KÕã∞¨ OÎ k. U^≥<· å H˘O^ŒiH˜ "Õ∞Å∞ KÕÜ∞« QÆÅ^Œ∞ HÍx ã¨`º« O =∂„`«O JO^ŒiH˜ "Õ∞Å∞ KÕã∞¨ OÎ k. JO^Œ∞Hˆ ZÅ¡ÑC¨ _»∂ JO^Œ~∂° ã¨`åº<Õfl ѨÅHÍe. `≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

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Meaning: It is always better to dig one communal well instead of a hundred ordinary wells. It is better to perform one “Yagya” with sacrificial offering instead of digging a hundred communal wells. It is better to have one noble and a virtuous son than performing a hundred yagyas. One single statement of truth is even better than having a hundred noble sons. Communal well = a large well with steps leading to the water used by the whole community. Moral: A single statement of truth surpasses all good actions, prayers and even having a hundred noble sons. Surpass = overtake

V 123. B#@OK«∞ <˘Hõ¯_®_ç# =∂@‰õΩ HÍ^Œ@OK«∞ |Å∞Hõ Hõ} Δ =Ú Ñ¨@∞ì, ^•x xÅ∞=nÜ«∞ ^è•`«Ü≥∞ kQÆ=Öˇ qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : XHõ~∞° 'B#∞— J#fl =∂@#∞ 'HÍ^Œ∞— J#_®xH˜ XHõ Hõ}Δ O Ѩ@∞ì`∞« Ok. HÍx ^•xx x~°∂Ñ≤OK«_®xH˜ „|Ǩχ^Õ=Ù_»∞ ky~å"åe. ã¨`åºxfl x~°∂Ñ≤OK«_O» ZO`« Hõ+"ì¨ ∂≥ nx=Å¡ J~°=÷ ∞ø`«∞Ok. hu : ã¨`º« x~°∂Ѩ} Hõ+Oì¨ J~Ú<å ^•xfl q_»∞=‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . "åºMϺ#O : XHõ ã¨=∞㨺 Ü≥∞^Œ∞~Ô `· ,Õ ^•x Ѩiëê¯~åxH˜ qA˝Ö#·ˇ "å~°∞ Z<Àfl Ѩiëê¯~åÅ#∞ ã¨∂zã¨∂Î "å^•Å∞ KÕã∞¨ OÎ \Ï~°∞. XHõ~∞° 'B#∞— J#fl^•xx, WOH˘Hõ~∞° 'HÍ^Œ∞— J#_»O KåÖÏ ã¨∞ÅÉèOí . HÍx ^•xx J#∞Éèí"åÅ`À, ™êHΔͺ^è•~åÅ∞ *’_çOz |∞∞A=Ù KÕÜ«∞_»O KåÖÏ Hõ+¨ìO. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ, =~°Hõ@flѨ٠^Œ∞~åKå~åxfl, K«\ÏìÅ ^•fi~å x"åiOK«QÅÆ =∞x XHõ~O° \Ï~°∞. HÍ^Œx "Õ~˘Hõ~O° \Ï~°∞. WO`«=~°‰Ωõ P q+¨Ü∞« OÖ’ K«\ÏìÅ∞ KÕÜ∞« |_®¤~Ú. HÍx ã¨=∞㨺‰õΩ Ñ¨iëê¯~°O ^˘~°HÖõ ^Ë ∞Œ . Ѩ~㰠ʨ ~° "å^•Å∞ =∂„`«O [~°Q∞Æ `«∞<åfl~Ú. Meaning: It takes but a moment to say ‘no’ to what someone else says ‘yes’. To prove that a statement is right or wrong the Lord Brahma himself has to come down to earth. From this it is understood how difficult it is to prove that something is true or otherwise. Moral: Never give up the attempt to prove the truth, however difficult it may be to do so.

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124. P`«‡â◊√kúÖxË Ü«∂Kå~° =∞kÜÕ∞Å? ÉèÏO_»â◊√kúÖËx áêHõ "Õ∞Å? z`«âÎ √◊ kúÖxË t=ѨÓ[ ÖËÅ~å? qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : P`«‡ Ѩiâ◊√^ŒOú QÍ ÖˉΩõ O_» PKå~åxfl áê\˜OK«_O» x¢+ʨ Ü≥∂[#O. â◊√„ÉèOí QÍ ÖËx ‰õΩO_»Ö’ J#flO =O_»_O» P~ÀQͺxH˜ ǨxHõ~O° . =∞#ã¨∞Ö’ HõŇ+¨O ÃÑ@∞ìH˘x KÕ¿ã ^≥=· ѨÓ[ x+¨ÊÅù O. x~°‡Å z`«OÎ ^≥=· `åfixH˜ „ѨfHõ. HÍ|\˜ì =∂#=ÙÅ∞ Jxfl q+¨Ü∂« ÅÖ’ z`«âÎ √◊ kú Hõey =ÙO_®e. hu : ÉèHí HΘ ˜ z`«âÎ √◊ kú =ÚYºO. "åºMϺ#O : WHõ¯_», "≥Ú‰õΩ¯|_çQÍ KÕ¿ã PKå~åÅ#∞ QÆ∂iÛ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. ^≥=· ѨÓ[Å∞, „=`åÅ∞, q"åǨÏO, [#‡k#O =O\˜ â◊√ÉèHí Í~åºÅÖ’ ã¨O„Ѩ^•Ü«∞OQÍ H˘xfl PKå~åÅ#∞ áê\˜ã∞¨ OÎ \Ï~°∞ „Ѩ[Å∞. HÍÅ„Hõ"∞Õ } P PKå~åÅ∞ ZO^Œ∞‰õΩ „áê~°OÉè"í ∞≥ <ÿ åÜ≥∂, "å\˜ „ѨÜ∂≥ [#"Õ∞q∞\’ "åiH˜ `≥eÜ«∞‰õΩO_® áÈ`«∞Ok. P`«‡ â◊√kú, z`«âÎ √◊ kú H˘~°=_»`å~Ú. "≥Ú‰õΩ¯|_çQÍ PKå~åÅ∞, W~°∞QÆ∞á⁄~°∞QÆ∞"åi "≥∞ѨCHÀã¨O PK«iã¨∞OÎ \Ï~°∞. W^Õ q^èOŒ QÍ, ‰õΩO_» â◊√„ÉèOí ÖˉΩõ O>Ë, JO^Œ∞Ö’ =O_ç# J#flO HõÅ∞+≤`=« ∞ø`«∞Ok. Jk P~ÀQͺxH˜ Ǩx Hõeãæ ∞¨ OÎ k. â◊√„Éè`í « ÖË^• â◊√kú J<Õk ^≥=· `åfixH˜ „ѨfHõ. J\˜ì â◊√kú ÖˉΩõ O_® PK«iOKÕ PKå~°O HÍx, HÍ~°ºO HÍx x+¨ÊÅù O. Meaning: It is of no use if rituals and traditions are observed without sincerity. It is harmful to health if food is cooked in an unclean utensil. Prayers to the Lord Shiva are wasted if they are done with an impure heart. A pure heart is divine. So all human beings should take care to keep their mind and heart pure. Moral: Faith in God has to come from a pure heart and mind.

V 125. LѨCHõÑC¨ ~°O|∞ <˘Hõ¯ áÈeHõ#∞O_»∞ K«∂_»E_» ~°∞K«∞Å *Ï_» "Õ~∞° † ѨÙ~°∞+¨μÅO^Œ∞ ѨÙ}º ѨÙ~°∞+¨μÅ∞ "Õ~°Ü«∂ qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : LѨC, Hõ~∂° Ê~°O ÃÑH· ˜ XˆH q^èOŒ QÍ HõxÊ™êÎ~Ú. `«~z° K«∂¿ãÎ ~°∞K«∞Å∞ "Õ~∞° QÍ =ÙO\Ï~Ú. J^Õ q^èOŒ QÍ Ñ¨Ù~°∞+¨μÖ’¡, ѨÙ}ºO KÕã∞¨ H˘#fl ѨÙ~°∞+¨μÅ∞ "Õ~∞° QÍ =ÙO\Ï~°∞. HÍ|\˜ì ÃÑ÷ Ñ· "ÕëêÅ∞ K«∂z, Z=~°∞ Z@∞=O\˜ "å~À `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ=_»O Hõ+Oì¨ . hu : ѨÙ}º ѨÙ~°∞+¨μÅ#∞ QÆ∞iÎOz "åix P^Œ~≈° OQÍ fã¨∞HÀ"åe.

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"åºMϺ#O : =∞Oz"åix QÆ∞iÎOK«_»O ZÖÏQÀ ~ÚK«Û@ K≥ѨÊ|_çOk. Ö’HõOÖ’ J<ÕHõ q^è•Öˇ·# =∞#∞+¨μºÅ∞<åfl~°∞. "åi ~°∂áêÅ∞ XHõ¯\˜QÍ<Õ HõxÊã¨∂Î =ÙO\Ï~Ú. "åiÖ’ =∞Oz"åÔ~=~À, "åi ѨÙ@∞ì ѨÓ~Àfi`«~Î åÅ#∞, „Ѩ=~°#Î #∞ Ö’`«∞QÍ Ñ¨ijeOz#ѨC_Õ `≥Å∞ã¨∞OÎ k. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ LѨC, Hõ~∂° Ê~°O ~Ô O_»∞ `≥ÅQ¡ Í XˆH ~°OQÆ∞Ö’ =ÙO\Ï~Ú. ~°∞z K«∂z#ѨC_Õ Uk =ÙáÈÊ, Uk Hõ~∂° Ê~°"∂≥ `≥Å∞ã¨∞OÎ k. HÍ|\˜ì =∞Oz, K≥_Ť» #∞ q_»=∞iz K≥Ñʨ _®xH˜ Ö’`≥#· ѨijÅ# J=ã¨~O° . Meaning: Salt and camphor look alike. When examined closely, their tastes differ. In the same manner, good, pious people are different from others. It is very difficult to recognize who is good and who is not, by their outward appearances. Moral: Pious people have to be identified and they should be the role models to all.

V 126. |O^è∞Œ [#∞ÅE_»∞, ÉÏ^èÅŒ ã¨=∞Ü«∂#, ÉèÜ í ∞« =Ú"Õà◊ E_»∞, |O@∞`«#=Ú, ¿Ñ^ŒÑ_¨ ¤» "≥#∞Hõ, ÃÑO_®¡=Ú =∞u E_»∞ qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : h=Ù ÉÏ^èÖŒ ’¡ =Ù#flѨC_»∞ P^Œ∞H˘#fl"å_Õ x["≥∞#ÿ |O^è∞Œ =Ù. h=Ù HõëêìÅ<≥^∞Œ ~À¯ÖËH,õ ÉèÜ í ∞« O`À =Ù#flѨC_»∞ h‰õΩ `À_»∞QÍ =ÙO_ç ¿ã=Å∞ KÕÜÚ« "å_Õ x["≥∞#ÿ |O@∞. h=Ù Pi÷HOõ QÍ zuH˜áÈ~Ú, ã¨O™ê~° ÉèÏ~åxfl "≥∂Ü«∞ÖËHõ J=ã¨Ñ÷ _¨ ∞» `«∞#fl "Õà,◊ x#∞fl „¿Ñ=∞`À K«∂K«∞#^Õ x["≥∞#ÿ WÖÏ¡Å∞. hu : PѨ^ÅŒ ∞ =zÛ#ѨC_Õ PѨÙÖÎ =ˇ ~À `≥Å∞™êÎ~∞° . "åºMϺ#O : x["≥∞#ÿ Pf‡Ü«Úefl ZÖÏ QÆ∞iÎOKåÖ’ WK«Û@ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. „Ѩu "åiH˜ |O^è∞Œ =ÙÅ∞O\Ï~°∞. ¿ã=‰õΩÅ∞ LO\Ï~°∞. ‰õΩ@∞O|O LO@∞Ok. x["≥∞#ÿ |O^è∞Œ =ÙÖˇ=~À, qâßfiã¨O QÆÅ ¿ã=‰õΩÖˇ=~À, „¿Ñ=∞ QÆÅ ‰õΩ@∞O| ã¨É∞íè ºÖˇ=~À `å#∞ PѨ^ÖŒ ’ =Ù#flѨC_Õ P =ºH˜HÎ ˜ `≥Å∞ã¨∞OÎ k. XHõ =∞x+≤ #ëêìÅáêÖˇ· ÉÏ^èÖŒ ’ =Ù#flѨC_»∞, J`«xH˜ `À_»∞QÍ xeÛ ™ê#∞Éè∂í u K«∂Ñ≤, HÍáê_Õ"å_Õ x["≥∞#ÿ |O^è∞Œ =Ù. WO\’¡ HÍx ɡ@ · QÍx ^˘OQÆÅ =Å¡, „Ѩ=∂^•Å =Å¡ =∞x+≤H˜ ÉèÜ í ∞« O Hõe#æ ѨC_»∞ J`«x =ÚO^Œ∞ xeÛ, `«# „áê}ÏÅ#∞ Ãã`· O« "˘_ç¤ ~°H} Δõ HõeÊOKÕ"å_Õ qâßfiã¨áê„`«∞_≥#· ¿ã=‰õΩ_»∞. =∞x+≤ Pi÷HOõ QÍ zuH˜áÈ~Ú, ã¨O™ê~° ÉèÏ~°O "≥∂Ü«∞ÖËHõ J=ã¨Å÷ ∞ Ѩ_∞» `«∞#fl ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’, HõëêìÅ#∞ ѨOK«∞HÀ=_®xH˜ ã≤^"úŒ ∞≥ ,ÿ h_»ÖÏQÍ "≥#flO\˜ Ü«ÚO_Õ ÉèÏ~°º =∂„`«"∞Õ x["≥∞#ÿ J~å÷Oy. Meaning: A true relative is one who comes to help, when one is in trouble. A true servant is one who stays with one, in times of fear or trouble. He supports and serves in both bad times and good times. A truly good wife is one who supports and loves her husband even when his wealth is gone and finds life very difficult to bear.

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Moral: Only when one is deep in trouble, does a man realize who his true well wishers are?

V 127. W#∞=Ú qiÔQ<Õx ~Ú=∂‡~°∞ =Ú=∂‡~°∞ HÍz Ü«∞`«∞Hõ<Õ~°∞Û Hõ=∞‡s_»∞ =∞#ã¨∞ qiÔQ<Õx =∞iÜ«∞O@ <Õ~∞° Û<å? qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : W#∞=Ú qiy`Õ H˘eq∞Ö’ HÍz ~Ô O_»∞ =¸_»∞ Ѩ~åºÜ«∂Å∞ „ѨÜ∞« uflOz J`«∞Hõ=K«∞Û. =∞#ã¨∞ qiy`Õ ZO`« „ѨÜ∞« uflOz<å J`«∞‰õΩ "ÕÜ∞« _»O ™ê^躌 =∞=Ù`«∞O^•? HÍ|\˜ì ~Ú`«~∞° Å =∞#ã¨∞û#∞ <˘Ñ≤ÊOKÕ Ñ¨#∞Å∞ KÕÜ∞« ‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . hu : =∞#ã¨∞ qiy`Õ J`«∞HÀ¯^Œ∞, HÍ=Ù# W`«~∞° Å`À ã¨∞xfl`«OQÍ "≥∞ÅQÍe. "åºMϺ#O : =∞#ã¨∞û QÆux QÆ∂iÛ ~ÚHõ¯_» `≥eÜ«∞KÕÜ∞« |_çOk. ѨÖ@ ¡ˇ ∂à◊§Ö’ =º=™êÜ«∞Ѩ٠Ѩx=Ú>ˇ#¡ÿ <åˆQÅ∞‰õΩ Z_»¡ |O_çH˜ W#∞Ѩ ™ê=∂#∞ "å_»∞`å~°∞. W#∞=Ú qiy#ѨÙ_»∞ Hõ=∞‡i H˘eq∞Ö’ ^•xx HÍeÛ JuH˜™êÎ_∞» . W^Œ~Ì ∞° =º‰õΩÅÎ =∞^躌 qÉè^Ë •Å∞ =zÛ, Hõi<î À‰õΩÅÎ `À XHõi<˘Hõ~∞° xOkOK«∞H˘O>Ë =∞#ã¨∞ûÅ∞ qiyáÈ`å~Ú. P =∞#ã¨∞ûÅ#∞ JuH˜OK«_O» ™ê^躌 O HÍ^Œ∞. Meaning: If an iron article is broken, the blacksmith heats it and mends it after two or three attempts. But if a heart breaks it is impossible to mend it. So, one has to be careful not to do things which can hurt or harm others.

« , =∞~°=∞‡`«∞Î KÕÜÚ« mend = ÉÏQÆ∞ KÕÜÚ Moral: Move carefully with others, never hurting them, as a broken heart can never mend.

V 128. `«ÑC¨ Öˇ#∞fl"å~°∞ `«O_ÀѨ`O« _»O|∞ Å∞ifi [#∞ÅÔHÅ¡ #∞O_»∞`«ÑC¨ `«Ñ¨CÖˇ#∞fl"å~°∞ `«=∞ `«Ñ¨C Öˇ~°∞QÆ~°∞ qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : `«ÑC¨ Å∞ Ѩ>"ìË å~°∞ Ö’HõOÖ’ H˘Å¡Å∞QÍ =ÙO\Ï~°∞. „ѨÑO¨ K«OÖ’ JO^ŒiH˜ `«ÑC¨ Å∞O\Ï~Ú. `«ÑC¨ Å∞ Ѩ>"ìË å~°∞ `«=∞ `«ÑC¨ efl `≥eã≤HÀ~°∞. HÍ|\˜,ì ~Ú`«~∞° Å `«ÑC¨ Å∞ Ѩ@_ì O» =∞Oz Ѩx HÍ^Œ∞. hu : Z=i `«ÑC¨ #∞ "åˆ~ `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ"åe. `≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

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"åºMϺ#O : XHõix `«ÑC¨ Ѩ>=ìË ÚO^Œ∞, `«# `«ÑC¨ #∞ `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ"åÅx ~ÚHõ¯_» K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. XHõ =ºH˜ÃÎ Ñ· =∞~˘Hõ =ºH˜,Î XHõ ã¨Oã¨Ã÷ Ñ· =∞~˘Hõ ã¨Oã¨,÷ XHõ „ѨÉ∞íè `«fiO ÃÑ· =∞~˘Hõ „ѨÉ∞íè `«fiO, XHõ ^ÕâO◊ ÃÑ· =∞~˘Hõ ^ÕâO◊ `«ÑC¨ Å∞ Ѩ_∞» `«∞O\Ï~°∞. `«ÑC¨ Å∞ ÖËx "ås „ѨÑO¨ K«OÖ’<Õ ÖË~∞° . `«ÑC¨ Å∞ Ѩ@∞ìH˘<Õ"å~°∞ `«=∞ `«ÑC¨ efl QÆ∞iÎOK«Ö~Ë ∞° . JO^Œ∞=Å¡<,Õ ~¸<å_»∞ „ѨÑO¨ K«=∞O`«@ q"å^•Å∞ K≥Å~ˆ y JâßOu <≥ÅH˘#flk. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ „Ѩu ^ÕâO◊ Ö’#∞ „ѨÉ∞íè `«fi ѨHOΔõ , „Ѩu ѨHOΔõ =ÙO\Ï~Ú. XHõiÃÑ· XHõ~∞° ^Œ∞"≥∞‡uÎ áÈã¨∞HÀ=_»"∞Õ Ñ¨xQÍ "å~°∞ „Ѩ=iÎOK«_O» =∞#=Ú K«∂ã¨∞<Î åflO. Z^Œ∞\˜"åx `«ÑC¨ K«∂Ñ≤OK«_®xH˜, XHõ „"Õex =ÚO^Œ∞‰õΩ KåÑ≤`,Õ =¸_»∞ „"Õà√◊ ¡ =∞#"≥Ñ· Ù¨ K«∂Ñ≤ã∞¨ OÎ \Ï~Ú. XHõix `«ÑC¨ Ѩ>=ìË ÚO^Œ∞, =∞#q∞k QÆ∞~°∞OÎ K«∞HÀ"åe. Meaning: There are many people in the world who can find fault with others. There is no man without a flaw. Those who criticize are unaware of their own shortcomings. Hence it is not wise to find fault with others. Moral: One should first know one’s own faults before pointing a finger at others.

V 129. hà◊§Ö’# "≥Úã¨e, xy_ç ÜÕ∞#∞QÆ∞|@∞ì ɡ·@ ‰õΩHõ¯ KÕ`« ÉèíOQÆѨ_»∞#∞, ™ê÷#|e‡HÍx `«#|e‡ HÍ^ŒÜ∂« qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : "≥Úã¨e, hà◊§Ö’¡ =Ù#flѨC_»∞ ÃÑ^ŒÌ ÜÕ∞#∞QÆ∞#∞ ã¨∞<åÜ«∂ã¨OQÍ Ñ¨@∞ìHÀQÆÅ^Œ∞. J^Õ hà◊§ |Ü«∞@ =ÙO>Ë, ‰õΩHõ¯ KÕuÖ’ ÉèOí QÆÑ_¨ ç áÈ`«∞Ok. Jk "≥Úã¨e Ü≥ÚHõ¯ Jã¨Å∞ |ÅO HÍ^Œ∞, ™ê÷#|ÅO =∂„`«"∞Õ . HÍ|\˜,ì Z=fi~°∞#∞ `«=∞ ™ê÷#|ÖÏxfl áÈQ˘@∞ìHÀ‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . hu : ™ê÷#|ÖÏxfl |\˜ì #_»∞K«∞HÀ"åe. "åºMϺ#O : WHõ¯_», ™ê÷#|ÖÏxfl QÆ∂iÛ K≥ѨÊ_»O [iyOk. "≥Úã¨e, hà◊¡Ö’ =Ù#flѨC_»∞ U#∞QÆ∞#∞ Ѩ@∞ìHÀQÆÅ^Œ∞. ɡ@ · =Ù#flѨC_»∞, ‰õΩHõ¯ KÕuÖ’ F_çáÈ`«∞Ok. Wk "≥Úã¨e Ü≥ÚHõ¯ ™ê÷#|Å"Õ∞ HÍx x["≥∞#ÿ |ÅO HÍ^Œ∞. ^ÕâO◊ Ö’ =∞#O <åÜ«∞‰õΩefl K«∂ã¨∞<Î åflO. "åiH˜ ã¨fi™ê÷#OÖ’ Pã¨∞ÅÎ ∞O\Ï~Ú. |O^è∞Œ =ÙÅ∞ ã¨ÇϨ K«~∞° Å∞, ¿ãflÇ≤Ï`«∞Å∞ =ÙO\Ï~°∞. "åi JO_»^OŒ _»Å`À "å~°∞ ã¨=∂[OÖ’#∞, „ѨÉ∞íè `«fiO Ö’#∞, JkèHÍ~° Ѩ^=Œ ÙʼnõΩ ZxflHõ J=Ù`å~°∞. "Õ~˘Hõ ™ê÷<åxH˜ "≥o§#ѨC_»∞, JK«Û@ "åiH˜ J\˜ì QÆ∞iÎOѨ٠=ÙO_»^∞Œ . Meaning: A crocodile can attack an elephant easily when it is in water. The same crocodile can be easily overcome by a dog when it is on land. The strength of a crocodile is effective only in its natural home ground, that is water. Man has to learn that his greatest advantage in a situation is, when he fights from his familiar home ground. Moral: One’s strength is far greater on one’s own home ground. A person should be careful outside his familiar surroundings. His weakness lies in his being an outsider.

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130. "≥#fl KÕ`|« \˜ì q=~°O|∞ `≥eÜ«∞Hõ Ѷ¨∞$`«=Ú HÀ~°∞#\˜ì Ü«∞`«x ÉèíOy `å#∞ ^≥·==∞Ü«Úº ^≥·=O|∞ ^ŒÅK«∞#∞, qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : "≥#fl Hõiy¿ãÎ <≥~Úº J=Ù`«∞Ok. Jk `≥eÜ«∞Hõ "≥#fl KÕ`« Ѩ@∞ìH˘x <≥~Úº HÀã¨O "≥^HŒ _õ O» J*Ï˝#=∞=Ù`«∞Ok. `å<Õ ^≥=· "≥∞#ÿ =∂#=Ù_»∞ ^≥=· O HÀã¨O "≥^HŒ _õ O» ‰õÄ_® J*Ï˝#"Õ∞. hu : Hõà√◊ ¡ qâßfi#flO`«QÍ K«∂_»QÅÆ =Ù, HÍx `«=∞#∞ `å=Ú K«∂K«∞HÀÖË=Ù. JÖψQ =∂#=Ù_»∞ `«#Ö’ L#fl ^≥"· åxfl K«∂_»Ö‰Ë Ωõ <åfl_»∞. JO>Ë „Ѩu=∞x+≤Ö’#∞ ^≥=· O L<åfl_»x J~°O÷ . "åºMϺ#O : WHõ¯_» 'JǨÏO „|Ǩ‡ã≤‡— JO>Ë '<Õ<Õ ^Õ=Ù}˜—‚ J<Õ ã¨∂H˜HÎ ˜ J~°O÷ `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ=∞x K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. r=Ù_Õ ^≥=· =∞x P^蕺u‡Hõ "Õ`ÅΫ ∞ K≥áêÎ~∞° . S#ѨÊ\˜H,˜ ^•xx QÆ∞iÎOK«ÖxË =∂#=Ù_»∞ ^≥=· O HÀã¨O, ^Õ"åÅÜ«∂ÅÖ’, ѨÙ}ºˆH„Δ `åÅÖ’ "≥^‰Œ Ωõ `«∞O\Ï_»∞. `«# KÕuÖ’x "≥#fl Hõiy¿ãÎ JO^Œ∞Ö’ #∞OKÕ <≥~Úº =ã¨∞OÎ ^Œ#fl q+¨Ü∞« O `≥eÜ«∞Hõ, <≥~Úº HÀã¨O "≥kHˆ =∞x+≤ J*Ï˝<åxfl ~Úk `≥eÜ«∞KÕã∞¨ OÎ k. Meaning: When butter melts, it becomes ghee. When one is ignorant of that fact, even when he has butter with him, he searches for ghee. Similarly, man himself being divine, it is only sheer ignorance that he searches for God elsewhere. Moral: Eyes can see the whole world. But they cannot see themselves. A man is unable to see the divinity within himself. There is God in every human being.

V 131. ^èŒ~°‡A˝Öˇ·# ѨÙ~°∞+¨μÅ∞ ^èŒ~°‡=Ù#‰õΩ ÉÏ^茿ãÜ«Ú ^èŒ~°‡=Ù<≥·#<£ ^è~Œ ‡° =ÚQÍ =∞k^ŒÅѨ~∞° ^èŒ~°‡=Ù ã¨~°fiO|∞#‰õΩ Ç≤Ï`«O|∞QÆ =ÅÜ«Ú<£. ÉèÏ=O : ^è~Œ ‡° ã¨fi~°∂ѨO `≥eã≤# *Ï˝#∞Å∞ ^è~Œ å‡xH˜ U =∂„`«O H©_∞» HõeyOKÕ Ñ¨x<≥<· å ^è~Œ ‡° OQÍ ÉèÏqOK«~∞° . Jã¨Å∞ ^è~Œ ‡° O JO>Ë Jk Ö’HõOÖ’ JO^ŒiH© "Õ∞Å∞ KÕ‰Äõ ~ˆ ÛkQÍ LO_®e. hu : ^è~Œ ‡° O J<Õk JO^ŒiH© ã¨=∂#OQÍ "Õ∞Å∞ KÕ‰Äõ ~ˆ ÛkQÍ LO@∞Ok. J~å÷Å∞ : ^è~Œ ‡° A˝Å∞ ´ ^è~Œ ‡° O `≥eã≤#"å~°∞† Ç≤Ï`«O|∞QÍ ´ "Õ∞Å∞ KÕ‰Äõ ~ˆ ÛkQ͆ q„ѨuѨuÎ ´ Jaè„áêÜ«∞Éè^Ë OŒ "åºMϺ#O : =∞ǨÉèÏ~°`O« Ö’ ^è~Œ ‡° ã¨fi~°∂áêxfl `≥e¿Ñ ã¨O^Œ~åƒùÅ∞ J<ÕHOõ L<åfl~Ú. JO^Œ∞Ö’#∞ ^è~Œ ‡° ã¨∂HõΔ ‡O `≥e¿Ñ Ѩ^ºŒ q∞k. D Ѩ^ºŒ O ta K«„Hõ=iÎ Hõ^‰Œä Ωõ ã¨O|OkèOz#k. ^è~Œ ‡° O, Ѩ~=° ∞^è~Œ ‡° O J<Õ D ~Ô O_çO\˜H© q„ѨuѨuÎ Hõey#ѨÙ_»∞ ^è~Œ ‡° x~°Ü ‚ ∞« O ZÖÏ KÕÜ∂« e JO>Ë XHõ ^è~Œ å‡xH˜ Ǩx HõeyOKÕ =∞~˘Hõ

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^è~Œ ‡° O qâ◊fi[h#O HÍ^Œ∞. ta K«„Hõ=iÎ â◊~} ° Ïi÷ J~Ú# áê=Ù~åxfl HÍáê_ç`Õ _ÕQ,Æ ^•x ‰õΩ@∞O|O JO`å PHõe`À Kå==Åã≤ =ã¨∞OÎ k. JO^Œ∞Hõx â◊~} ° Ïi÷x HÍáê_»_O» ^è~Œ ‡° "Õ∞ HÍx P ^è~Œ å‡K«~} ° Ö’ WOH˘HõiH˜ Ǩx [~°∞QƉÄõ _»^∞Œ . JO^ŒiH© "Õ∞Å∞ HõeyOKÕ^Õ Ñ¨~=° ∞ ^è~Œ ‡° O Jx _ÕQÆ taK«„Hõ=iÎ`À ^è~Œ ‡° ã¨∂HΔ͇xfl QÆ∞iOz K≥ÑÙ¨ OÎ k. taK«„Hõ=iÎ Hõ^Œä „Ѩã^≤ "úŒ ∞≥ #ÿ ^Õ. JÇ≤ÏO™È Ѩ~=° ∞^è~Œ ‡° ó, Ѩ~ÀѨHÍ~å~°q÷ ∞^ŒO â◊s~°O J<Õ ã¨∂‰õΩÅÎ `À áê@∞ JO^ŒiH˜ "Õ∞Å∞ KÕ‰Äõ ~ˆ Û^Õ Ñ¨~=° ∞ ^è~Œ ‡° =∞<Õ ^è~Œ ‡° ã¨∂HõΔ ‡O D Ѩ^ºŒ O ^•fi~å `≥Å∞ã¨∞OÎ k. Meaning: Learned men who are well-versed in the rules of righteous living, will not consider any act as just and good, if it causes the slightest harm or pain to anyone. What is considered as right and good has to offer justice to all.

q„ѨuѨuÎ ´ Jaè„áêÜ«∞Éè^Ë OŒ Moral: True justice causes no harm to anyone and is fair and equal to all.

V

132. "Õ∞_çÑO¨ _»∞ E_» "Õ∞e"≥∞ÿ Ü«ÚO_»∞#∞ á⁄@ì qzÛ K«∂_» ѨÙ~°∞QÆ∞ Å∞O_»∞ Ñ≤iH˜ "åx =∞kx aOHõ g∞ ÖÏQÆ∞~å, qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : JuÎѨO_»∞ ÃÑ·# K«∂¿ãÎ xQÆ xQÆ "≥∞~°∞ã¨∂Î =ÙO@∞Ok. ^•x á⁄@ì qÑ≤Ê K«∂¿ãΠѨÙ~°∞QÆ∞Å∞ HõxÊ™êÎ~Ú. Ñ≤iH˜"å_»∞ ÃÑH· ˜ ZO`À aOHõOQÍ HõxÊ™êÎ_∞» . HÍx "åx QÆ∞O_≥ ^Œ_^» _Œ » H˘@∞ì‰Ωõ O@∂ =ÙO@∞Ok. J\˜ì "åix QÆ∞iÎOz *Ï„QÆ`QΫ Í =∞ã¨Å∞HÀ"åe. hu : "≥∞i¿ã^ŒO`å |OQÍ~°O HÍ^Œ∞. ÃÑ· "≥∞~°∞QÆ∞Å∞ K«∂z "≥∂ã¨áȉõÄ_»^∞Œ . "åºMϺ#O : WHõ¯_» ÃÑ·H˜ aOHÍÅ∞ ѨeˆH Ñ≤iH˜"åà◊¡#∞ QÆ∂iÛ K≥ѨÊ|_çOk. JuΠѨO_»∞ÃÑ·# K«∂¿ãÎ xQÆxQÆÖÏ_»∞`«∂, "≥∞~°∞ã¨∂Î =ÙO@∞Ok. ^•x á⁄@ì qÑ≤Ê K«∂¿ãÎ Jã¨ÇϨ ºOQÍ =ÙO_Õ Ñ¨Ù~°∞QÆ∞Å∞ HõxÊ™êÎ~Ú. J^Õ q^èOŒ QÍ ÃÑH· ˜ _»OÉÏÅ∞ ѨeHˆ HõÑ@¨ "Õ+^¨ •è ~°∞Å∞ Ñ≤iH˜"åÔ~· =ÙO\Ï~°∞. ã¨=∞Ü«∞O =zÛ#ѨÙ_»∞, ã¨=∞㨺Å#∞ Z^Œ∞~À¯ÖËHõ áêiáÈ`å~°∞. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ, =∞ǨÉèÏ~°`O« Ö’ q~å@~åA Ü≥ÚHõ¯ QÀ=ÙÅ=∞O^Œ#∞ |Å=O`«OQÍ `ÀÅ∞H˘xáÈ=_®xH˜ =zÛ# H“~°=ÙÅ#∞, Z^Œ∞~˘¯#QÆÅ#x L`«~Î ° ‰õΩ=∂~°∞_»∞ „Ѩu[˝ KÕ™êÎ_∞» . |$ǨÏ#flÅ "Õ+O¨ Ö’ =Ù#fl J~°∞#˚ ∞}˜‚ ~°^™Œä ê~°kQè Í KÕã∞¨ H˘x Ü«Ú^Œú ~°OQÍxH˜ "≥àÏÎ_∞» . JHõ¯_» H“~°= Ãã<· åºxfl K«∂z ÉèÜ í ∞« Ѩ_,ç ~°^OŒä ^Œ∂H˜ áêiáÈ`å_»∞. J~°∞#˚ ∞_»∞ x[ "Õ+O¨ ^èiŒ Oz Ü«Ú^ŒOú Ö’ QÔ Å∞™êÎ_∞» . Meaning: The fruit of the fig tree has a beautiful bloom on the outer side. When the fruit is opened it is full of worms. A coward appears brave outwardly. But in his heart he may be shivering with fright. One has to deal with them with care. Moral: All that shines is not gold. Never get carried away by outward glow and appearances.

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133. J^è~Œ =° Ú Hõ^eŒ Ü«Ú QÆ^ÅŒ Hõ =∞^èŒ∞~°=ÚÅQÆ∞ =∂@Å∞_çy, =∞ø#„=`«∞_Ò #kèHÍ~°~ÀQÆѨÓi`« |kè~åO^èHŒ âõ =◊ =Ú E_» ÉÏѨ=Ú ã¨∞=∞f. ÉèÏ=O : HÍ~åº~°∞Ö÷ ·ˇ ™ê=∂#º „Ѩ[Å∞ `«##∞ ^Œi≈OK«_®xH˜ =zÛ#ѨC_»∞ JkèHÍ~° QÆ~fi° O`À K≥=ÙÅ∞<åfl q#‰õΩO_», HõO_»∞<¡ åfl K«∂_»‰Ωõ O_» =ÙO_Õ JkèHÍix XHõ áêÑ≤QÍ ÉèÏqOKåe. J\˜ì "å~°∞ JkèHÍ~°∞Å∞ H͉õΩO_® K«∂_®e. hu : JkèHÍ~° QÆ~åfiO^è∞Œ _»∞ Hõà√◊ §<åfl K«∂_»Ö_Ë ∞» . K≥=ÙÅ∞<åfl q#ÖË_∞» . J~å÷Å∞ : J^è~Œ =° Ú ´ ÃÑ^Œq† |kè~åO^èHŒ =õ â◊=Ú ´ K≥=Ù_»∞, „QÆ∞_ç`¤ #« =Ú QÆÅ Ñ‘#∞QÆ∞ "åºMϺ#O : ~å[ºáêÅ#Ö’ JkèHÍ~°∞Å áê„`«#∞ QÆ∂iÛ ~ÚHõ¯_» `≥eÜ«∞KÕÜ«∞|_çOk. „Ѩ[Å#∞ ~°OlOѨKÜ Õ Ú« "å_»∞ ~åA. ~åA `«# ÉÏ^躌 `«Å#∞ „H˜Ok JkèHÍ~°∞ʼnõΩ XѨÊK≥ÑC¨ `å_»∞. P JkèHÍ~°∞Å∞ 㨢`Ê« =~°#Î HõÅ"åÔ~`· ,Õ „Ѩ*Ïr=#O ã¨∞Y=∞Ü«∞OQÍ =ÙO@∞Ok. JkèHÍ~°∞ʼnõΩ QÆ~fi° O`À Hõà√◊ ¡ =¸ã¨∞‰õΩáÈ`Õ, „Ѩ[Å∞ "ÕkOè ѨÙʼnõΩ QÆ∞i J=Ù`å~°∞. QÆ~åfiO^è∞Œ _≥#· JkèHÍi ZÖÏ „Ѩ=iΙêÎ_À ~ÚHõ¯_» K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. „Ѩ[Å∞ `«=∞ QÀ_»∞ qxÑ≤OK«∞HÀ_®xH˜ áÈ`Õ, J`«_∞» "åix ã¨iQÍ K«∂_»_∞» . qxÑ≤OK«∞HÀ_»∞. ÃÑ^Œq qÑ≤Ê XHõ =∂@ =∂\Ï¡__» ∞» . Hõà√◊ <¡ åfl K«∂_»ÖxË , K≥=ÙÅ∞<åfl q#ÖËx, K≥`· #« ºO ÖËx â◊=OÖÏQÍ „Ѩ=iΙêÎ_∞» . J@∞=O\˜ JkèHÍix K«∂_»_O» áêѨ=∞O@∞<åfl_»∞ Hõq. J\˜ì JkèHÍ~°∞ʼnõΩ ~å[ºOÖ’™ê÷#O ÖˉΩõ O_» KÕÜ∞« _»O =∞# Hõ~°Î=ºO. Meaning: Common people approach a powerful official and go to him with their complaints and requests. If he remains deaf to what they say, and remains silent, he is full of arrogance and pride. He should be regarded as a sinner. Such people should never be entrusted with power. Moral: A man, who is blinded with his power and pride, can neither see nor hear.

V 134. JÑ≤ÊK«∞Û"å_»∞, "≥·^Œ∞º_»∞, <≥ѨC_»∞ <≥_»`≥QÆHõ áê~°∞ <Õ~°∞#∞, kfiA_»∞<£ K˘Ñ¨Ê_ç# Ü«¸~° #∞O_»∞=Ú, K˘Ñ¨Ê_»‰õΩ#fl\˜ì Ü«¸~°∞ K˘~°‰õΩ=Ú ã¨∞=∞f. ÉèÏ=O : J=ã¨~"° ∞≥ #ÿ ѨC_»∞ JÑ≤ÊKÕÛ "åºáêi, "åºkèH˜ zH˜`û« KÕ¿ã "≥^· ∞Œ º_»∞, q"åǨk HÍ~åºÅ∞ [iÑ≤OKÕ Ñ¨Ù~ÀÇ≤Ï`«∞_»∞ =Ù#fl\˜ì „QÍ=∞OÖ’ x"å㨠"Õ∞~°Ê~°∞K«∞HÀ"åe. P =ã¨`∞« Å∞ ÖËx KÀ\˜H˜ áÈ~å^Œ∞.

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hu : J=ã¨~åxH˜ `«y# =ã¨`∞« Å∞ ÖËxKÀ@ x=ã≤OK«_O» =∞OzkHÍ^Œ∞. J~å÷Å∞ : kfiA_»∞ ´ „ÉÏǨχ}∞_»∞ "åºMϺ#O : x"åã¨Ü∂≥ Qƺ"≥∞#ÿ „QÍ=∂xfl ZÖÏ ZOK«∞HÀ"åÖ’ ~ÚHõ¯_» q=iOK«|_çOk. J=ã¨~åxH˜ JÑ≤ÊKÕÛ ã¨Oã¨÷ =ÙO_®e. JѨC_Õ ã¨fiÖÏÊ^•Ü«∞O =Ù#fl "å~°∞ ã¨iÜ≥∞ÿ # Láêkèx U~åÊ@∞ KÕã∞¨ HÀQÆÅ∞QÆ∞`å~°∞. „Ѩu z#fl [|∞ƒ‰õΩ Ñ¨@}ì ÏʼnõΩ "≥à_¡◊ O» =ºÜ«∞ „ѨÜ∂« ã¨Å`À ‰õÄ_ç#Ѩx. JO`ÕHÍHõ ã¨=∞Ü«∞O =º~°=÷ ∞ø`«∞Ok. HÍ|\˜ì "≥^· ºŒ ã¨^∞Œ áêÜ«∂Å∞ JO^Œ∞ÉÏ@∞Ö’ =ÙO_®e. „`åQÆ∞ h~°∞ ÖˉΩõ O_» r=#O QÆ_=» ^Œ∞. JO^Œ∞=Å¡ =∞Ozh\˜x JOkOKÕ r=#k „ѨH¯õ <Õ „Ѩ=Ç≤Ïã¨∞OÎ _®e. „Ѩu ÉÏÅ∞_»∞, ÉÏeHõ q^Œº <Õ~∞° ÛHÀ"åe. JѨC_Õ "å~°∞ ã¨OѶ∞¨ OÖ’ ã¨=Úz`« ™ê÷<åxfl á⁄O^ŒQÅÆ ~°∞. HÍ|\˜ì áê~îâ° ßÅ ™ê÷ÑO≤ K«|_ç =ÙO_®e. Wxfl =ã¨`∞« Å∞#fl KÀ@<Õ x"åã¨O U~åÊ@∞ KÕã∞¨ HÀ"åe. Wq ÖËx KÀ\˜H˜ áȉõÄ_»^∞Œ . Meaning: People should choose to reside in a town which has a pawnbroker from whom one can borrow money, a doctor who can treat in case of ill-health, and a priest who can conduct religious rites. Never stay in a place which does not offer these facilities. Moral: A place is worth living in only if it offers safeguards for help in dire necessity. dire =

KåÖÏ J=ã¨~"° ∞≥ #ÿ

V 135. LѨHÍiH˜ #∞ѨHÍ~°=Ú qѨs`«=Ú QÍ^Œ∞ ¿ãÜ«∞ q=iOѨOQÍ #ѨHÍiH˜ #∞ѨHÍ~°=Ú <≥Ѩ"≥∞#flHõ KÕÜ«Ú"å_»∞ <Õ~°Êi ã¨∞=∞f. ÉèÏ=O : `«#‰õΩ LѨHÍ~°O KÕã#≤ "åiH˜ uiy LѨHÍ~°O KÕÜ∞« _»O =∂=¸ÖË. `«#‰õΩ JѨHÍ~°O KÕã#≤ "åiH˜ Z@∞=O\˜ <≥ÑO¨ K«∂Ѩ‰Ωõ O_» LѨHÍ~°O KÕÜ∞« _»OÖ’<Õ q"ÕHOõ =ÙOk. WO^Œ∞=Å¡ JѨHÍ~°O KÕã#≤ "å_»∞ ѨâßÛ`åÎÑѨ _¨ ,ç h‰õΩ ^ŒQ~æÆ “`å_»∞. hu : â◊„`«∞`åfixfl „¿Ñ=∞`À [~ÚOKåe. "åºMϺ#O : WHõ¯_» Ѩ~ÀѨHÍ~°O =Å¡ „ѨÜ∂≥ [#"Õ∞q∞\’ `≥eÜ«∞KÕÜ∞« |_çOk. LѨHÍ~°O KÕã#≤ "åiH˜ LѨHÍ~°O KÕÜ∞« _»O Hõ$`«[`˝ #« ∞ Kå@_»"∞Õ . Jk ™ê=∂#º q+¨Ü∞« O. JѨHÍ~°O KÕã#≤ "åiH˜ LѨHÍ~°O KÕÜ∞« _»O qâı+O¨ . JO^Œ∞=Å¡ JѨHÍ~°O KÕã#≤ "åx ǨÏ$^ŒÜ∞« O #∞O_ç â◊„`«∞`åfixfl ^Œ∂~°O KÕã#≤ @¡=Ù`«∞Ok. J`«_∞» ѨâßÛ`åÎÑѨ _¨ ç q∞„`«∞_Ò`å_»∞. q∞„`«∞`«fiO =Å¡ =∞#óâßOu =ã¨∞OÎ k. WO^Œ∞=Å¡ HõÅ`«Å∞ ÖËx ã¨=∂[O U~°Ê_»∞`«∞Ok. Meaning: There is nothing strange about a person helping in return, his benefactor. What is unusual is, a person helping a man who has done him harm. It is wise to help a 98

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

person who has harmed him earlier so that he may repent. He is sure to draw closer with no enmity in his heart. Benefactor = one who does good; Repent = feel sorry for having done something wrong; Hostility = enmity Moral: Conquer enmity with love.

V 136. ZѨÊ\˜ ÔHÜ«∞ºk „Ѩã¨∞Î`« =∞ѨÊ\˜HÍ =∂@ÖÏ_ç Ü«∞#∞ºÅ =∞#=ÚÖò <˘Ñ≤ÊOѨHõ `å <˘=fiHõ `«Ñ≤ÊOK«∞Hõ u~°∞QÆ∞"å_≥ ^èŒ#∞º_»∞ ã¨∞=∞f. ÉèÏ=O : U ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’ U =∂@Å∞ K≥áêÊÖ’ P =∂@Å∞ K≥ÑÓ¨ ,Î `«#‰õΩ QÍx, ~Ú`«~∞° ʼnõΩ QÍx, <˘Ñ≤Ê `«QÅÆ ‰õΩO_® „Ѩ=iÎã∂¨ ,Î ã¨=∞㨺ÅÖ’ Ѩ_‰» Ωõ O_® `«ÑÊ≤ OK«∞H˘x uiˆQ =ºH˜Î x[OQÍ ^è#Œ ∞º_»∞. hu : ã¨=∞Ü«∂#∞‰õÄÅOQÍ =∂\Ï¡_@ » O JÅ=~°∞ÛHÀ"åe. "åºMϺ#O : ѨلÔ~H˘Hõ |∞kú, lǨÏfiH˘Hõ =∂@ JO\Ï~°∞ ÃÑ^ŒÅÌ ∞. Ö’HõO aè#fl ~°∞K«∞Å∞ QÆÅk. JO^Œ∞=Å¡ aè#fl =~åæÅ =∞^躌 , =º‰õΩÅÎ =∞^躌 z#fl z#fl Q˘_»=Å∞, [QÆ_®Å∞ „Ѩu KÀ@ [~°Q_Æ O» =∞#O K«∂ã¨∞<Î åflO. H˘\Ï¡_∞» H˘<Õ W~°∞=~åæÅÖ’ Z=iˆHk „Ѩã∞¨ `Î "« ∂≥ P =∂@ÖË =∂\Ï¡_,ç "åi =∞#ã¨∞û <˘=fi‰õΩO_», `å#∞ <˘=fi‰õΩO_» „Ѩ=iÎOKåe. D Ѩ^uúŒ <Õ Ö∫HõºO Jx ‰õÄ_® JO\Ï~°∞. Meaning: One who is able to speak pleasantly and tactfully at any given time to suit the situation, and does not cause hurt to himself or others, is always able to avoid unpleasantness. He is a truly blessed man. Moral: Practice speaking correctly and tactfully.

V 137. ZѨC_»∞ ã¨OѨ^Œ QÆey# #ѨC_»∞ |O^èŒ∞=ÙÅ∞ =`«∞Î, ~°k Ü≥∞@¡#fl<£ ^≥ѨÊÅ∞QÆ K≥~°∞=Ù xO_ç# QÆѨÊÅ∞ Ѩk"ÕÅ∞ KÕ~°∞ QÆ^Œ~å ã¨∞=∞f.

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99

ÉèÏ=O : K≥~∞° =Ù hà◊`¡ À xO_ç#ѨC_»∞ HõÑʨ Å QÆ∞OѨÙÅ∞ Ѩ~∞° QÔ `«∞HÎ ˘x=zÛ JO^Œ∞Ö’ KÕiáÈ`å~Ú. J^Õ q^èOŒ QÍ, h ~ÚO\’¡ ã¨OѨ^Œ KÕi# q+¨Ü∞« O `≥eã≤# "≥O@<Õ, |O^è∞Œ =ÙÅ∞ h ~ÚO\˜H˜ K≥Ñʨ ‰õΩO_» =™êÎ~∞° HÍ|\˜ì x["≥∞#ÿ |O^è∞Œ =ÙÖˇ=~À QÆ∞iÎOz "åix PǨfixOKåe. hu : ã¨OѨ#∞flʼnõΩ JO^Œ~∞° K«∞\ÏìÖ.Ë "åºMϺ#O : D<å_»∞ Ö’HõOÖ’ „¿Ñ=∂#∞|O^è•ÅHõO>Ë, ^è<Œ å#∞|O^è•Å∞ ÃÑ· KÕ~ÚQÍ =Ù<åflÜ«∞x ~ÚHõ¯_» K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. ZO`« ^ŒQiæÆ "å_≥<· å ^è#Œ O ÖËx "åx ~ÚO\˜H˜ K«∞\ÏìÅ∞ "≥à~¡◊ ∞° . ^è#Œ O ‰õÄ_çO^Œx `≥eã≤# "≥O@<Õ K≥Ñʨ ‰õΩO_» J`«x ~ÚO\˜H˜ "≥o¡ |O^è∞Œ `«fiO HõÅ∞ѨÙH˘O\Ï~°∞. Jk Ö’Hõ<[·≥ O. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ XHõ K≥~∞° =Ù ZO_çáÈ~Ú =Ù#flѨC_»∞ XHõ¯ HõÑʨ ‰õÄ_» JHõ¯_çH˜ KÕ~^° ∞Œ . K≥~∞° =Ù hà◊`¡ À xO_çO^Œx `≥eÜ«∞QÍ<Õ, HõÑʨ Å∞ ‰õΩѨÊÅ∞QÍ =zÛ KÕ~∞° `å~Ú. ã¨OѨ^Œ K«∂z =KÕÛ K«∞\ÏìÅ∞ ‰õÄ_» HõÑʨ Å=O\˜"åˆ~. Meaning: Frogs crowd in large numbers to a full lake. Similarly, when it is known that someone has acquired wealth, relatives rush to his house even without invitation. Hence one should identify relatives who are true well wishers and those who are not. Moral: Everyone claims to be connected to a wealthy man.

V 138. Hõ#HõÑÙ¨ ã≤OǨã¨#=Ú# â◊√#Hõ=Ú QÆ∂~°∞ÛO_» ɡ\ ì˜ â◊√ÉèÅí QÆfl=Ú#O ^˘#~°QÆ |@ì=Ú QÆ\ #ì˜ "≥#∞Hõ\ ˜ QÆ∞}"Õ∞Å =∂#∞, q#∞~å ã¨∞=∞f. ÉèÏ=O : XHõ ‰õΩHõ¯#∞ |OQÍ~°∞ ã≤OǨã¨#O g∞^Œ ‰õÄ~°∞ÛO_»É\ˇ ,ì˜ Ñ¨\Ïìa¿è +HõO [iÑ≤, ~å*ϺkèHÍ~°O JѨÊy¿ã,Î P ‰õΩHõ¯ `«# "≥#Hõ\ ˜ QÆ∞}ÏÅ#∞ =∂#∞H˘O@∞O^•? HÍ|\˜,ì J#~°∞›}‚˜ JkèHÍ~° Ñ‘~O°î ÃÑ· ‰õÄ~ÀÛɡ@ì‰õÄ_»^Œ∞. hu : J#~°∞›xH˜ JkèHÍ~°q∞=fi‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . J~å÷Å∞ : X#~°QÆ ´ `«y# suQÍ "åºMϺ#O : J#~°∞›_Hç ˜ JkèHÍ~°O W¿ãÎ U=∞ø`«∞O^À ~ÚO^Œ∞Ö’ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. ‰õΩHõ¯ =∂Oã¨O ~°∞z =∞iy, K«~‡° O`À KÕã#≤ K≥ÑC¨ #∞ QÆ∂_» =^ŒeÃÑ@ì‰Ωõ O_» uO@∞Ok. J@∞=O\˜ ‰õΩHõ¯#∞ |OQÍ~°∞ ã≤OǨã¨#O g∞^Œ ‰õÄ~°∞ÛO_»É\ˇ `ì˜ ,Õ JHõ¯_» ^•xH˜ k‰õΩ¯`ÀK«^∞Œ . Jk „H˜OkH˜ ^Œ∂H˜ JHõ¯_» =Ù#fl ã¨O^Œ~≈° ‰õΩÅ K≥ÑC¨ efl H˘iH˜ u#_®xH˜ „Ѩܫ∞uflã¨∞ÎOk. J^Õ q^èŒOQÍ ã¨¢`«Ê=~°Î# ÖËx, JÅ∞ÊxH˜ JkèHÍ~°Ñ¨^Œq ~ÚzÛ, JO^ŒÅO ZH˜¯¿ãÎ, J`«_»∞ #_»=∞O„`«Ñ¨Ù JkèHÍ~°O`À J„Hõ=∂~°˚#‰õΩ áêÅÊ_»`å_»∞. JO>Ë `«# ^Œ∞¢+¨Ê=~°Î# "≥·Ñ¨Ù "≥ÚQÆ∞æ K«∂ѨÙ`å_»∞.

100

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Meaning: If a dog is crowned, made to sit on the throne and given the power to rule, can it forget its earlier habits natural to a dog? Thus a person, who does not deserve the honour, should never be placed in a position of power. Moral: An undeserving person should never be given power.

V 139. ‰õΩÅHÍO`« `À_» <≥ÑC¨ _»∞ HõÅÇ≤ÏOѨ‰Ωõ , =\˜ì `«ÑC¨ Ѷ∞¨ \˜~ÚOѨ‰Ωõ g∞ HõÅHõOiîHõO@Hõhfl ~˘eH˜# ã≤i ~ÚO@ #∞O_» <˘Å¡^∞Œ ã¨∞=∞f. ÉèÏ=O : ^è~Œ ‡° |^ŒOú QÍ q"åǨÏ=∂_ç# ~ÚÖÏ¡Å∞`À ZѨC_»∂ HõÅǨÏO ÃÑ@∞ìHÀ‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . ÖËxáÈx `«ÑC¨ efl P"≥∞ g∞^Œ ~°∞^Œ‰Ì Äõ _»^∞Œ . ¢ãΑ HõO@ h~°∞ ÃÑ@ì‰Äõ _»^∞Œ . Jk [iy`Õ P ~ÚO\’¡ ÅH˜Δ ‡ xÅ∞=^Œ∞. hu : ¢ãxΑ ÉÏ^èÃŒ Ñ\˜#ì KÀ@ ã¨OѨ^Œ xÅ=^Œ∞. J~å÷Å∞ : HõÅHõOiî ´ ¢ãΑ "åºMϺ#O : WHõ¯_» ÉèÏ~åºÉè~í Åΰ ã¨O|O^è•xfl QÆ∂iÛ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. ÉèÏ~°fÜ«∞ ã¨O„Ѩ^•Ü«∞OÖ’ q"åǨÏO Hˆ =ÅO W^ŒiÌ =∞#∞+¨μÅ HõÅ~ÚHõ HÍ^Œ∞. ~Ô O_»∞ =∞#ã¨∞ûÅ HõÅ~ÚHõ. ~Ô O_»∞ P`«‡Å HõÅ~ÚHõ. D |O^èOŒ KåŠѨq„`«"∞≥ #ÿ k. ^è~Œ ‡° |^ŒOú QÍ Hõ@∞ìH˘#fl ^è~Œ ‡° Ѩufl P~°∞ ^è~Œ å‡Å#∞ <≥~"° ~Õ ∞° ã¨∞OÎ k. HÍ~åºK«~} ° Ö’ ^•ã≤QÍ, =º=Ǩ~åÅÖ’ =∞O„uQÍ, Éè’[#O =_çO¤ KÕ@ѨC_»∞ `«eQ¡ Í, ~°∂ѨOÖ’ ÅH˜Δ ‡QÍ, â◊Ü∞« #OÖ’ ~°OÉèQí Í, F~°∞ÊÖ’ Éè∂í ^ÕqQÍ P"≥∞ Éè~í ΰ rq`åxfl ѨOK«∞H˘O@∞Ok. J@∞=O\˜ ‰õΩÅHÍO`«`À HõÅÇ≤ÏOK«‰Äõ _»^∞Œ . P"≥∞ÃÑ· =\˜ì xO^ŒÅ∞ "≥∂Ѩ‰õÄ_»^Œ∞. P"≥∞ HõO@ `«_çÃÑ_ç`Õ, ÅH˜Δ ‡ ~ÚO\˜ #∞Oz "≥_»eáÈ`«∞O^Œx ÃÑ^ŒÅÌ O\Ï~°∞. Meaning: One should never quarrel with one’s lawfully wedded wife. She should never be blamed with false accusations. The woman should never have occasion to shed tears. If that happens, that home can never be prosperous. Moral: Where a woman is unhappy there is no prosperity.

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140. ‰õÄiq∞ QÆÅ k#=ÚÅÖ’ <Õ~=° Ú Öˇ#fl_»∞#∞ HõÅ∞QÆ<~Õ =° Ù =∞i Ü«∂ ‰õÄiq∞ q~°ãO¨ ɡ#· #∞ <Õ~°=ÚÖË `ÀK«∞K«∞O_»∞ xHõ¯=Ú ã¨∞=∞f. ÉèÏ=O : W^Œ~Ì ∞° ¿ãflǨÏÉèÏ=O`À =Ù#flѨC_»∞, XHõi `«ÑC¨ Å∞ =∞~˘HõiH˜ HõxÊOK«=Ù. P ¿ãflǨÏO q~°ã"¨ ∞≥ #ÿ ѨC_»∞, XHõi g∞^Œ =∞~˘HõiH˜ `«ÑC¨ ÖË HõxÊã¨∞OÎ \Ï~Ú. Wk Ö’HÍ#∞Éè=í O`À `Õe# ã¨`º« O. JO^Œ∞=Å¡ JO^Œ~∞° ¿ãflǨÏÉèÏ=O`À =ÙO_®e. â◊„`«∞`åfixH˜ `ågÜ«∞QÆ∂_»^∞Œ . hu : U\˜ xO_» hà◊√#¡ flѨÙ_»∞, J_»∞QÆ∞# =Ù#fl QÆ∞O@Å∞, ~åà◊√¡ Ug∞ HõxÑ≤OK«=Ù. U~°∞ ZO_çáÈ`Õ, JO^Œ∞Ö’ QÆ∞O@Å∞, ~åàı¡ HõxÑ≤™êÎ~Ú. "åºMϺ#O : WHõ¯_» ¿ãflǨÏO Ü≥∞O`« qÅ∞"≥#· ^À K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. ã¨$+≤Öì ’ fÜ«∞xk ¿ãflǨÏ"Õ∞<ÀÜü∞ J<åfl_˘Hõ Hõq. „Ѩu "åiH˜ ¿ãflÇ≤Ï`«∞Å∞O\Ï~°∞. x["≥∞#ÿ ¿ãflÇ≤Ï`«∞Å =∞^躌 Jáê~å÷Å∞O_»=Ù. XHõi g∞^Œ, XHõiH˜ `«ÑC¨ Å∞ Hõ#Ѩ_=» Ù. P ¿ãflǨÏO q~°ã"¨ ∞≥ #ÿ ѨC_»∞, ¿ãflÇ≤Ï`«∞Å∞ XHõiH˘Hõ~∞° T~°Hˆ Jáê~°O÷ KÕã∞¨ ‰õΩO\Ï~°∞. XHõi g∞^Œ, XHõiH˜ `«ÑC¨ ÖË HõxÑ≤ã∞¨ OÎ \Ï~Ú. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ, XHõ #k =~°^ÖŒ ’ xO_»∞QÍ „Ѩ=Ç≤Ïã¨∞#Î flѨÙ_»∞ ã¨=∞`«ÅOQÍ K«H¯õ QÍ ™êyáÈÜÕ∞ „Ѩ"åǨÏO HõxÑ≤ã∞¨ OÎ k. #k J_»∞QÆ∞# =Ù#fl~åà◊√,¡ ~°Ñʨ Å∞, QÆ∞O@Å∞ HõxÊOK«=Ù. P „Ѩ"åǨÏO PyáÈ~Ú, hà◊√¡ ÖË#ѨC_»∞, #kÖ’x ~åà◊√¡ ~°Ñʨ Å∞, QÆ∞O@Å∞ =∂„`«"∞Õ HõxÊ™êÎ~Ú. Meaning: In friendship, both the friends are not aware of each other’s shortcomings. When their friendship breaks up, they become aware of only each other’s flaws. This is a universal truth. Thus there should be no place for hostility and all should learn to live as friends. hostility = enmity, ѨQ,Æ q~À^èOŒ Moral: When the stream has plenty of water, no stones or ditches are visible. When the stream dries up, only the rocks and pits are visible.

V 141. `«#"å~°∞ ÖËx KÀ@∞#∞ [#qOK«∞Hõ ÖËxKÀ@, [QÆ_=» Ú KÀ@<£ J#∞=∂#"≥∞ÿ# KÀ@∞#∞ =∞#∞A#Hõ@ xÅ∞=^ŒQ^Æ ∞Œ =∞Ç≤ÏÖ’ ã¨∞=∞f. ÉèÏ=O : ZHõ¯_» `«#"å~°#∞H˘#fl "å~°∞O_»~À, ZHõ¯_» `«#‰õΩ K«#∞=Ù ÅaèOK«^À, ZHõ¯_» [QÆ_®Å∞ x`«ºO [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞O\ÏÜ≥∂, ZHõ¯_» „Ѩu"å~°∞ `«##∞ J#∞=∂x™êÎ~À JHõ¯_» |∞kú=∞O`«∞_≥·# "å_≥=fi_»∞#∞ x=ã≤OѨ‰õÄ_»^Œ∞. Wk J#∞Éèí=O =Å¡ `≥Å∞ã¨∞H˘#fl q+¨Ü«∞O. J\˜ì KÀ@ x=ã≤OKÕ"åxH˜ âßOu Éèí„^Œ`«Å∞O_»=Ù. 102

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

hu : Éè„í ^Œ`« ÖËx KÀ@ LO_»~å^Œ∞. "åºMϺ#O : =∞x+≤ =ÙO_»^QŒ xÆ KÀ@¡#∞ QÆ∂iÛ ~ÚK«Û@ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. ZO`« Hõeq∞ =Ù<åfl, J=ã¨~"° ∞≥ #ÿ ѨÙ_»∞ JO_»^OŒ _»Å∞ JOkOKÕ Ç≤Ï`«∞Å∞, ã¨xflÇ≤Ï`«∞Å∞ ÖËx KÀ@ x=ã≤OK«‰Äõ _»^∞Œ . ZO`« ѨÅ∞‰õΩ|_ç =Ù<åfl, `«# =ºH˜QÎ `Æ « ã¨=∞㨺Å#∞ K«iÛOK«∞H˘<Õ K«#∞=Ù, ™êfi`«O„`«ºO ÖËx KÀ@∞ x"åã¨Ü∂≥ QƺO HÍ^Œ∞. HÍ~°}=Ú<åfl, ÖˉΩõ <åfl XHõi`À XHõ~∞° [QÆ_®Å∞ ÃÑ@∞ìH˘<Õ `«Q∞Æ =ÙÅ =∂i [#O =Ù#fl KÀ@ x"åã¨O U~°Ê~°∞K«∞HÀ‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . `«##∞ T~°Hõ J#∞=∂xOKÕ x`«ºâ◊OH˜`∞« Å∞#fl KÀ@ =ÙO_»Q∂Æ _»^∞Œ . Meaning: A wise man will never live in a place where he has no close friends or relatives, where he is unable to interact freely, where there is unrest and disturbance often and where people do not trust him. This is a fact. When one continues to live in such a place, he cannot have safety or security. Moral: Never stay at an unsafe, friendless place.

V 142. Ѩل`À`åûǨÏ=Ú `«O„_çH˜ Ѩل`«∞_»∞ [x‡Oz#ѨÙ_≥ ѨÙ@ì^Œ∞, [#∞ÖÏ Ñ¨Ù„`«∞x QÆ#∞Q˘x á⁄QÆ_»QÆ |∞„`À`åûǨÏO|∞ <å_»∞ á⁄O^Œ∞~° ã¨∞=∞f. ÉèÏ=O : Ѩل`«∞_»∞ [x‡Oz#ѨC_»∞ HÍ^Œ∞. P Ѩل`«∞x K«∂z JO^Œ~∞° "≥∞K«∞ÛH˘#flѨC_»∞ `«O„_çH˜ P#O^ŒO HõÅ∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. „Ѩu Ѩل`«∞_»∞, `«O„_çH˜ J\˜ì P#O^•xfl HõeOæ Kåe. JѨC_Õ J`«x [#‡ ™ê~°H÷ =õ ∞ø`«∞Ok. hu : H˘_»∞‰õΩ „ѨÜ∂≥ [‰õΩ_≥· `«e^¡ OŒ „_»∞ʼnõΩ P#O^ŒO HõeyOKåe. "åºMϺ#O : Ѩل`«∞x =Å¡ Hõ#fl"åiH˜ HõeˆQ P#O^•xfl QÆ∂iÛ ~ÚK«Û@ K≥ѨÊ|_çOk. Ѩل`«∞_»O>Ë Ñ¨~Ö° ’HõQ`Æ ∞« _≥#· `«O„_çx ѨÙ<åfl=∞ #~°HOõ #∞Oz ~°HOΔ˜ KÕ"å_»x J~°O÷ . Ѩل`«∞xH˜ =∞~˘Hõ ¿Ñ~°∞ #O^Œ#∞_»∞. JO>Ë P#O^ŒO HõeyOKÕ"å_»x J~°O÷ . J\˜ì Ѩل`«∞_»∞ [x‡OK«_O» `«O„_çH˜ P#O^Œ^•Ü«∞HõO. J~Ú`Õ Ñ¨Ù„`«∞_»∞ [x‡Oz#ѨC_Õ `«O„_ç ã¨O`Àëêxfl „Ѩ^iŒ ≈OK«_∞» . P Ѩل`«∞_»∞ ÃÑiy ÃÑ^Œ"Ì å_≥· q^•º|∞^Œ∞eú fl <Õ~∞° ÛH˘x, ã¨`å¯~åºÅ#∞ PK«iã¨∞OÎ >Ë Jk K«∂z „Ѩ[Å∞ „ѨâO◊ ã≤ã∞¨ OÎ >Ë, JѨC_»∞ `«O„_ç =∞ǨÏ^•#O^•xfl á⁄O^Œ∞`å_»∞. Meaning: A father should be proud and happy, not just when a son is born. He should be so when everyone showers praise on his son. It is the duty of every son to make his father proud of him. Only then can he be called a true son who has fulfilled his duty. Moral: A son should grow up to be a worthy son of whom the parents are proud of.

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143. ã≤iQÆÅ"åx ÔHÜ«∞º_»Å *Ëã≤# "Õ∞Åk x+¨ÊùÅO|QÆ∞<£ <≥iQÆ∞i QÍ^Œ∞, ¿Ñ^ŒÅ‰õΩ <Õ~°∞Ê# *Ëã≤# ã¨`«ÊùÅO|QÆ∞<£ =~°ÑÙ¨ # =zÛ "Õ∞Ѷڨ _˘Hõ =~°¬=Ú "å_ç# KÕÅ g∞^Œ@O QÆ∞iã≤# QÍHõ, Ü«∞O|∞^èŒ∞Å QÆ∞~°fiQÆ <Õq∞ Ѷ¨ÅO|∞, ÉèÏ㨯~å! ÉèÏ=O : ^è#Œ O QÆÅ "å_çH˜ h=Ù KÕ¿ã "Õ∞Å∞ =Å¡ „ѨÜ∂≥ [#O =ÙO_»^∞Œ . P "Õ∞Å∞ h=Ù KÕÜ∞« HõáÈ~Ú<å, J`«_∞» Hˆ =Δ ∞OQÍ =ÙO\Ï_»∞. ™êÜ«∞O HÀã¨O Z^Œ∞~°∞K«∂KÕ ¿Ñ^Œ"åxH˜ h=Ù "Õ∞Å∞ KÕ¿ãÎ J`«_∞» ã¨∞YѨ_`» å_»∞. "Õ∞Ѷڨ _»∞ ã¨=Ú„^ŒOÖ’ =i¬¿ãÎ HõeQˆ „ѨÜ∂≥ [#"Õ∞q∞\˜? J^Õ "å_ç# KÕÅ g∞^Œ =i¬¿ãΠѨO@Å∞ ѨO_»∞`å~Ú. „Ѩ[ʼnõΩ "Õ∞Å∞ HõÅ∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. Wk QÆ∞~°∞OÎ K«∞H˘x, h=Ù J=ã¨~=° Ú#fl "åxˆH "Õ∞Å∞ KÕÜ∂« e. hu : ã¨Ç¨ Ü«∞O J=ã¨~=° Ú#fl "åiˆH KÕÜ∂« e. J~å÷Å∞ : JO|∞kè ´ ã¨=Ú„^ŒO† <≥iQÆ∞iQÍ^Œ∞ ´ ã¨~Ô #· ÅHõΔ ºO HÍ^Œ∞. "åºMϺ#O : ™ê^è•~°}OQÍ Ö’‰õΩÅ∞ ^è#Œ =O`«∞Öˇ#· "åiˆH HÍ#∞HõÅ∞ Wã¨∞OÎ \Ï~°∞. ã¨<å‡<åÅ∞ KÕã∞¨ OÎ \Ï~°∞. JO^Œ∞=Å¡ "å~°∞ ^è#Œ =O`«∞Å#∞ "≥∞Ñ≤ÊOz "åi #∞O_ç uiy ™êÜ«∞O U^À ~°∂ѨOÖ’ ~å|@∞ìH˘#=K«∞Û#x PÖ’zã¨∞OÎ \Ï~°∞. HÍx ^è#Œ =O`«∞xH˜ P HÍ#∞HõÅ∞, ã¨<å‡<åÅ =Å¡ [iˆQ „ѨÜ∂≥ [#"Õ∞q∞ =ÙO_»^∞Œ . "å\˜x ^è#Œ Ç‘Ï#∞xH˜¿ãÎ J`«x rq`«O ã¨∞YOQÍ QÆ_∞» ã¨∞OÎ k. J`«_∞» Hõ$`«[`˝ « K«∂Ñ≤™êÎ_∞» . Ѩ~ÀѨHÍ~°O KÕã#≤ ѶŨ O ^•`«Å‰õΩ ^Œ‰Ωõ ¯`«∞Ok. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ, "Õ∞Ѷ∞¨ O ã¨=Ú„^ŒO g∞^Œ =i¬¿ãÎ ã¨=Ú„^•xH˜ HõeQˆ „ѨÜ∂≥ [#"Õ∞q∞ =ÙO_»^∞Œ . J^Õ "å_ç# KÕÅ g∞^Œ =~°¬O ‰õΩi¿ã,Î ÃÑ~· ∞° ÃÑiy ѨO@Å#Okã¨∞OÎ k. ^ÕâO◊ ã¨∞aèHOΔõ QÍ =ÙO@∞Ok. HÍ|\˜,ì =∞#O Z=iH˜ J=ã¨~O° =ÙO@∞O^À "åiˆH ™êÜ«∞O KÕÜ∂« e. JѨC_Õ P ™êÜ«∞O ã¨ÑŨ¶ =∞ø`«∞Ok. Meaning: There is not much use in helping a wealthy man. Even if that help is not given he can take care of himself. If help is given to a poor man, he is happy as he accepts it with gratitude. What is the use of rain when the cloud rains on the ocean? If the same rain falls on dry land, crops will grow and it will help the farmers. Keeping this in mind, one should offer help to one who really needs it. Moral: Help only the needy.

V 144. ã¨∞QÆ∞}=O`«∞~åÅ∞, ã¨∞^ŒuÜ≥ÿ∞Ü«ÚO_ç# |∞kú =∞O`«∞Öˇ·# Ѩل`«∞ÖÁѨÊ, ã¨fi~°æ"Õ∞\˜HõÜ«∞º ã¨O™êiH˜OHõ#∞! qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞!

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ÉèÏ=O : =∞Oz QÆ∞}ÏÅ∞ QÆÅ ÉèÏ~°º, |∞kú=∞O`«∞Öˇ#· Ѩل`«∞Å∞O>Ë, ã¨O™êiH˜ J^Õ ã¨fi~°Oæ . „Ѩu =∂#=Ù_»∞ J\˜ì ã¨fi~åæxfl HÀ~°∞HÀ"åe. hu : ã¨∞Y ã¨O™ê~°"∞Õ ã¨fi~°Oæ . "åºMϺ#O : WHõ¯_» QÆ$Ǩϙê÷„â◊=∂xfl QÆ∂iÛ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. =∞x+≤ rq`«OÖ’ =¸_»∞ „Ѩ^•è #"≥∞#ÿ Ѷ∞¨ \ÏìÅ∞#flq. "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜k „|ǨχK«~庄â◊=∞O. JO^Œ∞Ö’ „|ǨχKåiQÍ =ÙO_ç q^•º|∞^Œ∞úÅ∞ <Õ~°∞ÛHÀ"åe. Ô~O_»=k QÆ$Ǩϙê÷„â◊=∞O. JO^Œ∞Ö’ q"åǨÏO KÕã∞¨ H˘x ã¨O™ê~°O KÕã≤ ã¨O`å<åxfl Hõx, ÃÑOz "åix =∞Oz áœ~°∞Å∞QÍ fiÛk^•Ìe. ã¨ÇϨ QÆ$ǨÏã¨∞Å÷ `À Hõeã≤ ã¨=∂[O Ü≥ÚHõ¯ ã¨OHˆ =Δ ∂xH˜, ã¨∞Y ã¨O`ÀëêʼnõΩ Hõ$+≤ KÕÜ∂« e. =¸_»=k "å#„Ѩ™ê÷„â◊=∞O. WO^Œ∞Ö’ q„âßO`« rq`åxfl „ѨâßO`«OQÍ QÆ_á» êe. `«H¯˜ # „Ѩ[ʼnõΩ J=ã¨~åxfl |\˜ì ^è~Œ ‡° É’^è#Œ KÕÜ∂« e. D =¸_»∞ P„â◊=∂Ö’¡ „âı+"ª¨ ∞≥ #ÿ k QÆ$Ǩϙê÷„â◊=∞O. D P„â◊=∞OÖ’ P#O^ŒO ‰õÄ~ˆ Û"åà◊√,¡ ã¨∞QÆ∞}=uÜ≥∞ÿ # WÖÏ¡Å∞, |∞kú=∞O`«∞Öˇ#· Ñ≤ÅÅ¡ ∞. "å~°∞#fl ã¨O™ê~°O ã¨fi~°Oæ `À ã¨=∂#O. P ã¨fi~åæ<flÕ JO^Œ~∞° HÀ~°∞HÀ"åe. Meaning: If a man has a virtuous wife and good sons, he has truly found heaven. Every man has to wish for such a heaven. Moral: True heaven is found in a happy family.

V 145. ѨÙ}º=∞O`«QÆ∂_ç, ѨÙ~°∞+¨μ_≥· [x‡OѨ áêѨ=∞O`«Q∂Æ _ç Ѩ_u» Ü«∞QÆ∞<≥? ¢ã‘ÎÅ∞ ѨÙ~°∞+¨μÅ#∞K«∞ UÅ~¸ ÉèË^Œ=Ú‡? qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : ã¨$+≤Öì ’ ѨÙ}º=∞O`« Hõeã≤ ѨÙ~°∞+¨μ_»∞QÍ [x‡OѨÖ^Ë ∞Œ . áêѨ=∞O`å Hõeã≤ ¢ãQΑ Í [x‡OѨÖ^Ë ∞Œ . [#‡Ö’ W^Œ~Ì ∞° XˆH suQÍ [x‡OKå~°∞. J~Ú#ѨC_»∞ ¢ãΑ ѨÙ~°∞+¨μÅ =∞^躌 Éè^Ë •Å∞ áê\˜OK«∞@ ^è~Œ ‡° O HÍ^Œ∞. hu : ¢ãΑ ѨÙ~°∞+¨μÅÖ’ ~°HÎõ =∂O™êÖÁHõ¯>Ë, P`«‡ XHõ¯>Ë. "åºMϺ#O : WHõ¯_» ¢ãΑ ѨÙ~°∞+¨ q=Hõ#Δ ∞ QÆ∂iÛ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. ѨÓ~°fi HÍÅO #∞O_ç =∂#= ã¨=∂[O ѨÙ~°∞ëêkèHºõ O`À ‰õÄ_çÜÚ« #flk. KåÅ ã¨=∂*ÏÅÖ’ ¢ãxΑ =O\˜O\˜ ‰õΩO^ÕÅ∞QÍ, a_»e¤ fl Hõ<Õ Ü«∞O„`«OQÍ K«∂_»_O» [iyOk. P Ѩiã≤u÷ ~ÚѨC_»∞ =∂iOk. ¢ãÅΑ ∞ L#fl`« q^Œºefl JÉèºí ã≤Oz Jxfl ~°OQÍÅÖ’ =ÚO^ŒO[ "Õã,≤ ѨÙ~°∞+¨μx HõO>Ë `å=Ú `«‰Ωõ ¯= HÍ^Œx x~°∂Ñ≤ã∞¨ <Î åfl~°∞. nxx =∞#O ™êfiQÆuOKåe. Meaning: No man is born because of merit, or a woman, of sin. Then why should there be any discrimination between them when they both have been born of the same creation?

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Moral: Flesh, blood and soul remain the same whether it is a man or a woman.

V 146. „"≥ÚH˜¯#O`« K≥~°‰õΩ K«ÔH¯~° HÍÉ’^Œ∞, Ñ≤O_ç KÕã≤ ~°ã=¨ Ú Ñ≤O_»‰Ωõ #fl, Hõ+¨ìѨ_»Hõ Hõeq∞ H“y@ "åÅ^Œ∞ =∞Ç≤Ï`« q#Ü«∞jÅ! =∞Öˇ=¡ ∂Å!! ÉèÏ=O : K≥~‰° Ωõ QÆ_‰» Ωõ ^ŒO_»O ÃÑ_ç`Õ Jk K«HÔ ¯~°QÍ =∂~°^∞Œ . ^•xfl Ü«∞O„`«OÖ’ "Õã,≤ Ñ≤O_ç KÕã#≤ ѨÙ_Õ, ~°ãO¨ ~°∂ѨOÖ’ K«HÔ ¯~° ɡ\· H˜ ˜ =ã¨∞OÎ k. Hõ+ì¨ Ñ¨_‰» Ωõ O_® ^è#Œ O h KÕuH˜ ~å^Œ∞. HÍ|\˜ì „â◊=∞ KÕã≤ ^è#Œ O Ji˚OKåe. hu : Hõ+Ñì¨ _¨ `ç <Õ Õ Ñ¶e¨ `«O =ÙO@∞Ok. "åºMϺ#O : WHõ¯_» 'Hõ¿+ì Ѷe¨ — J<Õ ã¨∂H˜xÎ QÆ∂iÛ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. K≥~‰° Ωõ QÆ_Ö» ’ K«HÔ ¯~° =ÙOk. ^•xH˜ „"≥ÚH˜¯`Õ P K«HÔ ¯~° =∞# KÕuH˜ ~å^Œ∞. K≥~‰° Ωõ #∞ QÍ#∞QÆÖ’ "Õã≤ uÑ≤Ê, ~°™êxfl Ñ≤O_ç`,Õ JO^Œ∞Ö’ #∞Oz K«HÔ ¯~° Åaèã∞¨ OÎ k. J^Õ q^èOŒ QÍ Hõ+Ñì¨ _¨ ‰» Ωõ O_», q^Œº#∞ QÍx, ^è<Œ åxfl QÍx =∞#O ã¨OáêkOK«Ö=Ë Ú. Meaning: Praying to sugarcane will not give sugar. The cane has to be fed into a machine and the juice has to be extracted. Money cannot be earned without working hard for it. Hence only hard work will earn wealth. Moral: Only hard work gives rewards.

V 147. Uk ZO^Œ∞Hõ#fl "å^Œ"Õ∞ `«e¡Ü≥ÿ∞ ã¨HÅõ âßG=ÚʼnõΩ [#‡ <˘ã¨QÔ † „Ѩâfl◊ ÖËHÜ õ Ú« #fl „ѨQuÆ â◊¥#º=Ú ã¨∞=∂! =∞Ç≤Ï`« q#Ü«∞jÅ! =∞Öˇ=¡ ∂Å!! ÉèÏ=O : Uk, ZO^Œ∞‰õΩ Jx „ѨtflOK«∞@ =Å¡<Õ âßGO Jaè=$kú K≥OkOk. „Ѩâfl◊ ÖˉΩõ O>Ë „ѨQuÆ =ÙO_»^∞Œ . JO^Œ∞=Å# h=Ù „ѨtflOK«_O» <Õ~∞° ÛHÀ"åe. hu : „Ѩâfl◊ `À<Õ „Ѩ[˝ =ã¨∞OÎ k. "åºMϺ#O : 'ZO^Œ∞‰õΩ— J#fl „Ѩâfl◊ #∞O_Õ âßG q*Ï˝#O L^Œƒqù OzOk. K≥@∞ì #∞O_ç Ü«∂Ñ≤Öò ѨO_»∞ „H˜O^ŒÑ¨_»_»O K«∂z#, âßGA˝_»∞ #∂º@<£ Éèí∂=∂ºHõ~°¬} ã≤^•úO`åxfl „ѨuáêkOKå_»∞. XHõ y<≥flÖ’ 106

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

=∞~°∞QÆ∞`«∞#fl h~°∞ PqiQÍ =∂i y<≥fl =¸`«#∞ ÃÑH· ˜ Ü≥∞`«_Î O» K«∂z# âßGA˝_∞» , Pqi Ü«∞O„`åxfl ~°∂á⁄OkOz, ~Ô Å· ∞|O_çx #_çÑO≤ Kå_»∞. Meaning: Science and knowledge have progressed only because the questions ‘what’ and ‘why’ have often been asked. There can be no progress without curiosity and questioning. So all should learn to ask questions. Moral: Only questioning helps man to progress.

V 148. =∞O_»∞>ˇO_»Ö’# =∂_»∞K«∞<åfl=x x#∞fl "≥^Œ‰õΩ H˘#∞K«∞ h_»~å^Œ∞† K≥@∞ì ^ŒiH˜ h"≥ KÕ~∞° HÀ =ÅÜ«Ú#∞ =∞Ç≤Ï`« q#Ü«∞jÅ! =∞Öˇ=¡ ∂Å!! ÉèÏ=O : h=Ù ZO_»Ö’ =Ù<åfl=x K≥@∞ì h_» x#∞fl "≥^∞Œ ‰õΩ¯O@∂ h ^ŒQ~æÆ ‰° Ωõ ~å^Œ∞. h"Õ K≥@∞ì ^ŒQ~æÆ ‰° Ωõ "≥àÏ¡e. h‰õΩ ™êÜ«∞O J=ã¨~"° ∞≥ #ÿ ѨC_»∞ ™êÜ«∞O KÕ¿ã"åix h"Õ P„â◊~ÚOKåe. hu : ™êÜ«∞O x#∞fl "≥^∞Œ H˘¯O@∂ ~å^Œ∞. ^ÕxHÔ <· å „Ñ¨Ü∞« `«flO J=ã¨~O° . "åºMϺ#O : J_»Q‰Æ Ωõ O_» J"≥∞‡ÿ <å ÃÑ@ì^xŒ ~ÚHõ¯_» K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. „Ѩu"åiH˜ HõëêìÅ∞ =™êÎ~Ú. JO^Œ∞Ö’ #∞Oz ɡ@ · Ѩ__» ®xH˜, W`«~∞° Å ™êÜ«∞O J=ã¨~O° J=Ù`«∞Ok. JO^Œ∞‰õΩ h=Ù, W`«~∞° Å#∞ P„â◊~ÚOK«=Åã≤ =ã¨∞OÎ k. P„â◊~ÚOK«‰Ωõ O>Ë, ™êÜ«∞O x#∞fl "≥^∞Œ ‰õΩ H˘O@∂ ~å^Œ∞. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ, ZO_»Ö’ =Ù#fl"å_çH˜ h_» J=ã¨~O° . h_» HÀã¨O J`«_∞» K≥@∞ì ^ŒQ~æÆ ‰° Ωõ "≥à=¡◊ Åã≤O^Õ HÍx, K≥@∞ì J`«x ^ŒQ~æÆ ‰° Ωõ ~å^Œ∞. Meaning: No shade will come to you and protect you. You will have to go searching for shade if you want to protect yourself from the scorching sun. If you need help you have to seek it with your own effort. Moral: Help does not come to your aid when you need it. You have to find the sources of help yourself.

V 149. =∞\˜ì Ñ≤ã¨∞‰õΩ H˘#∞@ =∞~åº^Œ QÍ^Œ#∞ =∞x+≤ˆHq∞ `≥Å∞ã¨∞ =∞\˜ì qÅ∞=, =∞x+≤ JÅÊrq, =∞\˜ì z~°Orq =∞Ç≤Ï`« q#Ü«∞jÅ! =∞Öˇ=¡ ∂Å!!

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ÉèÏ=O : =∞\˜ì Ñ≤ã∞¨ ‰õΩ H˘x „|kˆH =º=™êÜ«∞ ^•~°∞Å =O\˜ "åix K«∞ÅHõ#QÍ K«∂¿ã"åiH˜ =∞\˜ì qÅ∞= `≥eÜ«∞^Œ∞. =∞\˜ì z~°Orq. JO>Ë Kå=ÙÖËxk. =∞x+≤ ѨÙ\˜,ì K«ã∂¨ Î =ÙO\Ï_»∞. D Éè^Ë •xfl `≥eã≤H˘x, =∞x+≤, =∞\˜xì Q“~°qOKåe. hu : =∞\˜ì x#∞fl ã¨$+≤ãì ∞¨ OÎ k. =∞\˜xì h=Ù ã¨$+≤Oì K«Ö=Ë Ù. JO^Œ∞Hˆ =∞\˜xì Q“~°qOK«∞. "åºMϺ#O : WHõ¯_» =∞\˜ì qÅ∞=#∞ QÆ∂iÛ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. =∞\˜ì ^≥=· ã¨$+≤.ì <åâ◊#O ÖËxk. =∞\˜ì #∞O_ç Z<Àfl =ã¨∞=Î ÙÅ#∞ ã¨$+≤Oì K«QÅÆ O. HÍx =∞\˜xì ã¨$+≤Oì K«Ö=Ë Ú. =∞\˜Öì ’ ѨxKÕ¿ã ~Ô `· ∞« , =∞\˜ì #∞O_ç ѨO@efl ѨO_çOz, =∞#‰õΩ PǨ~åxfl ~Úã¨∞<Î åfl_»∞. P =∞\˜ì =∞x+≤H˜ =∞#O `«y# =∞~åº^Œ ~Ú"åfie. Meaning: Anyone who feels that the work of a farmer, who works with clay, is demeaning work, does not know the value of mud and clay. Man has a very short span of life. The earth remains forever. It is deathless. Realizing this truth, a human being must have immense respect for mother earth. Demeaning=low Moral: The earth gives birth to man. Man cannot create earth so he has to learn to treat it with respect.

V 150. K≥=∞@ HõOѨÙQ˘@∞ì ÃãO@∞ "åã¨# Q˘@∞ì JO`«=∂„`«=Ú#<≥ JkèH=õ ∞ø<≥ ã≤~∞° Å∞ QÆ∂iÛÃÑ@∞ì K≥=∞@Hõ#fl#∞ ÃãO@∞? =∞Ç≤Ï`« q#Ü«∞jÅ! =∞Öˇ=¡ ∂Å!! ÉèÏ=O : K≥=∞@ HõOѨÙQ˘_»∞OÎ k. HÍx ^•xx <ÕÅ g∞^Œ zOkOz#ѨC_»∞ <ÕÅ ã¨ãº¨ âߺ=∞Å"≥∞ÿ r=<å^è•~°"∞≥ #ÿ ѨO@#Okã¨∞OÎ k. ÃãO@∞ =∞Oz ã¨∞"åã¨##∞ JѨÊ\˜HÑõ C¨ _Õ ~Úã¨∞OÎ k. ™œYºO Wã¨∞OÎ k. =∞x+≤ `«# rq`«OÖ’ D ~Ô O_çO\˜Ö’ ^ÕxH˜ Z‰õΩ¯= qÅ∞= ~Ú"åfiÖ’ `«# q"ÕHOõ `À `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ"åe. hu : Hõ+ì¨ rqH˜ Q“~°=O Z‰õΩ¯=. "åºMϺ#O : K≥=∞@ ^Œ∞~°Oæ ^è•xflã¨∞OÎ k. HÍx Jk Hõ$+≤H˜ zǨÏflO. HÍÜ«∞ Hõ+Oì¨ KÕã≤ K≥=∞\’_çÛ#ѨC_Õ ã¨OѨ^Œ Åaèã∞¨ OÎ k. P ã¨OѨ^Œ rq`« HÍÖÏxHõO`å Jxfl ã¨∞MÏÅxã¨∞OÎ k. ÃãO@∞ ã¨∞QÆO^è•xflã¨∞OÎ k. P ã¨∞QÆO^èOŒ `å`å¯eHõOQÍ „Ѷ∂¨ }ËO„kÜ«∞ ã¨∞MÏxflã¨∞OÎ k. D ~Ô O_çO\˜Ö’ ^ÕxH˜ Ü≥∞‰õΩ¯= qÅ∞= x"åfie J<Õk „Ѩâfl◊ . WHõ¯_» K≥=∞@ „â◊=∞‰õΩ, ÃãO@∞ P_»O|~åxH˜ „ѨfHõÅ∞. Meaning: Sweat gives a bad smell. But sweat of hard labour also gives golden harvests. Perfumes give out a pleasant fragrance which disappears after a little while. One has to decide which of them has greater value and which merits greater respect. 108

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Moral: An industrious worker always commands great respect for the wealth he creates.

V 151. h~°=Ú `«ÑΨ ֒ǨÏ=Ú# xeÛ Ü«∞<å=∞Hõ"∞≥ ÿ #tOK«∞, <å h~°"≥∞ =Ú`«º=∞@∞¡ #oh^Œà◊ ã¨Oã≤÷`«"≥∞ÿ `«#~°∞Û, <å h~°"≥∞ â◊√H˜ÎÖ’|_ç =∞}˜`«fi=ÚQÍOK«∞ ã¨=∞Oz`« „ѨÉèíO, É∫~°∞+¨=$`«∞Î e@¡^èŒ=Ú, =∞^茺=Ú, #∞`«Î=Ú, Q˘Å∞Û"åiH˜<£. – Éèí~°Î $ǨÏi ÉèÏ=O : h~°∞, "Õ_ç ÃÑ#O g∞^Œ Ѩ_`ç Õ PqÔ~· áÈ`«∞Ok. `å=∞~å‰õΩÃÑ· Ѩ_`ç ,Õ =Ú`«ºOÖÏ "≥∞~°∞ã¨∞OÎ k. PezѨÊÖ’ Ѩ_`ç Õ x["≥∞#ÿ =Ú`«ºOQÍ =∂~°∞`«∞Ok. „Ѩu =∞x+≤ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ Éèqí +¨º`«∞,Î J`«xH˜ ÅaèOz# P„â◊Ü∂« xfl |\˜ì =ÙO@∞Ok. J^è=Œ ÚÅ#∞ P„â◊~ÚOz#"å~°∞ ã¨~fi° <åâ◊<åxfl, =∞^躌 =ÚÅ<å„â◊~ÚOz#"å~°∞ ™œMϺÉèϺ™êxfl, L`«=Î ÚÅ <å„â◊~ÚOz#"å~°∞ "åã¨=Î ™œMϺxfl á⁄O^Œ∞`å~°∞. hu : h Éèqí +¨º`«∞Î h"å„â◊~ÚOz# "åix |\˜ì =ÙO@∞Ok. J~å÷Å∞ : `«ÑÖΨ ’ǨÏ=Ú ´ "Õ_Qç Í#∞#fl ~Ú#∞=Ú† #oh^Œà=◊ Ú ´ `å=∞~å‰õΩ† â◊√H˜Î ´ PeÛѨʆ ™œMϺÉèÏã¨O ´ ™œYºO HõeyO^Œ<Õ „Éè=í ∞. "åºMϺ#O : XHõ =∞x+≤ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ qHÍã¨O, Éèqí +¨º`«∞Î J`«xH˜ ÅaèOz# P„â◊Ü∞« O, ã¨ÇϨ "åã¨OÃÑ· P^è•~°Ñ_¨ ç =ÙO@∞Ok. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ XHõ h\˜ K«∞Hõ¯, HÍÖË ÃÑ#O ÃÑ#· Ѩ_`ç Õ PqÔ~á· È`«∞Ok. Ѩ^‡Œ ^ŒàO◊ g∞^Œ Ѩ_`ç Õ =Ú`«ºOÖÏ "≥∞~°∞ã¨∞OÎ k. PezѨÊÖ’ Ѩ_`ç Õ x["≥∞#ÿ =Ú`«ºOQÍ =∂~°∞`«∞Ok. HÍ|\˜ì L[fiÅ Éèqí +¨º`«∞Î HÀã¨O, JO^Œ~∞° L`«=Î ÚÅ#∞ P„â◊~ÚOz "åi`À ã¨ÇϨ "åã¨O KÕÜ∂« e. Meaning: Water evaporates on a hot pan. It glows like a pearl when it rests on a lotus leaf. It turns into a real pearl in an oyster. Every man’s fortune is shaped by the company, support and environment he finds himself in. Moral: One’s future is determined by the environment he has.

V 152. ã¨OѨ^ŒÅ∞ QÆÅ∞æ`«i =∞Ǩ[#∞ŠǨÏ$^ŒÜ«∞ =∞aè#"À`«ÊÅ HÀ=∞ÅO |QÆ∞K«∞ "≥ÅÜ«Ú <åѨ^ŒÅ∞ "˘O^Œ∞#ѨÙ_»∞ =∞Ǩ=∞Ç‘Ï^èŒ ~åâ◊‡ã¨OѶ¨∂`« Hõ~°¯â◊Oɡ· `«#~°∞Û. – Éèí~°Î $ǨÏi

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ÉèÏ=O : ã¨OѨ^ÅŒ ∞ =zÛ#ѨC_»∞ JѨC_Õ qHõãO≤ z# HõÅ∞= ѨÓ=ÙÖÏQÍ ã¨[#˚ ∞Å∞ ǨÏ$^ŒÜ∞« O HÀ=∞ÅOQÍ =ÙO_ç B^•~åºxfl „Ѩ^iŒ ≈ã¨∞OÎ k. PѨ^ÅŒ ∞ =zÛ#ѨC_»∞ ÃÑ^ŒÌ H˘O_»Ö’x |O_»~å~ÚÖÏQÍ Hõ~¯° â◊OQÍ =ÙO_ç ^è~·≥ åºxfl „Ѩ^iŒ ≈ã¨∞OÎ k. K«e Z‰õΩ¯"≥`· ,Õ =∞Ozh~°∞ =∞OK«∞QÆ_Q¤» Í =∂~°∞`«∞Ok. hu : ã¨OѨ^Œ Hõey#ѨÙ_»∞ B^•~åºxfl, PѨ^ÅŒ ∞ Hõey#ѨÙ_»∞ ^è~·≥ åºxfl Hõey LO_®e. "åºMϺ#O : WHõ¯_» Hõeq∞ÖË=ÚÅÖ’ ã¨[#˚ ∞Å „Ѩ=~°#Î #∞ QÆ∂iÛ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. ã¨OѨ^ÅŒ ∞ Hõe#æ ѨC_»∞ ã¨[#˚ ∞ŠǨÏ$^ŒÜ∞« O JѨC_Õ qHõãO≤ z# HõÅ∞=ѨÙ=ÙfiÖÏQÍ HÀ=∞ÅOQÍ =ÙO_ç, B^•~åºxfl „Ѩ^iŒ ≈ã¨∞OÎ k. PѨ^ÅŒ ∞ =zÛ#ѨC_»∞ "åi ǨÏ$^ŒÜ∞« O H˘O_»Ö’x |O_»~å~ÚQÍ =∂iáÈ~Ú ^è~·≥ åºxfl „Ѩ^iŒ ≈ã¨∞OÎ k. P QÆ∞}ÏÅ∞ =∞#‰õΩ P^Œ~≈° OQÍ =ÙO_®e. Meaning: When a good man prospers, his heart is gentle and beautiful like a lily that has just bloomed. He is kind and generous. When misfortune overtakes him, his heart is like a huge rock on the mountain side, brave, hard and unyielding. Unyielding= immovable Moral: Generosity in prosperity and courage in adversity are the qualities of great men. Adversity=misfortune

V 153. L~°∞|ÖÏ_è»∞º_≥·# Ü«Ú^Àºy Ѩ~°∞_≥·# `«y# q`«=Î Ú#fl `«~∞° }=∞O^≥ Ѩ~∞° ʼnõΩѨHiõ Oz áêeOѨQÅÆ ∞æ#∞ qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : ZO`« |Å=O`«∞_≥·<å, ÃÑ^ŒÌ L^ÀºQÆOÖ’ L<åfl, ^ŒQÆæ~° ^èŒ#=Ú#fl"å_Õ ~Ú`«~°∞ʼnõΩ ™êÜ«∞O KÕÜ∞« QÆÅ_»∞. =\˜ì KÕ`∞« Ö’Î =¸~°Å∞"Õ¿ãÎ UO ÖÏÉèOí ? hu : ^è#Œ O Hõey#"å~°∞ Z=Ô~<· å U"≥∞<ÿ å KÕÜ∞« QÆÅ~°∞. Meaning: However mighty a man may be, however high a position he may hold, he can be successful only if he has money power to be able help others. What can empty hands measure? Moral: There is nothing impossible for a man with enough money power.

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154. p=∞Å∞ ÃÑ\˜#ì ѨÙ@ìÅ∞ áê=ÚÅH˜~°"≥·#Ü«∞@∞¡ áê=∞~°∞_»∞ `«QÆ<£ ¿ÇÏ=∞O|∞ ‰õÄ_» ɡ\ #ì˜ Éèí∂g∞â◊√ÅáêÅ *Ë~°∞ Éèí∞qÖ’ ã¨∞=∞f. ÉèÏ=O : p=∞Å∞ „â◊=∞Ѩ_ç ѨÙ@ìÅ∞ ÃÑ_®Î~Ú. JO^Œ∞Ö’H˜ áê=ÚÅ∞ KÕi x=ã≤ã∞¨ OÎ \Ï~Ú. JÖψQ, Ö’Hõ*Ï˝#O ÖËx"å_»∞, ^è#Œ O ‰õÄ_»É_ˇ `ç ,Õ Jk ~åAÅ áê֡ᷠÈ`«∞Ok. hu : ^è#Œ O Hˆ =ÅO ‰õÄ_»É@ ˇ _ì "» ∞Õ HÍ^Œ∞ ^•xfl ã¨kfixÜ≥∂QÆO KÕÜ∂« e. Meaning: Ants build their ant hills with great effort. Snakes occupy them and make their homes. Similarly if a man without much wisdom were to hoard money, it is bound to find its way into the hands of the rulers. Hoard = save, gather, store Moral: It is not enough to hoard money. It is important to know how to put it to the best use.

V 155. F~°∞Ê ÖËx ÉèÏ~°º Ü«Ú#fl ѶŨ OÉËq∞? |∞kúÖËx a_»¤ ѨÙ\˜ì ÜÕ∞q∞? ã¨^Œ∞æ}O|∞ÖËx K«^Œ∞=k ÜÕ∞Å~å? qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : F~°∞ÊÖËx ÉèÏ~°º`À ã¨∞YO =ÙO_»^∞Œ . |∞kúÖxË ã¨O`å#O ѨÙ\˜ì „ѨÜ∂≥ [#O ÖË^∞Œ . ã¨^∞Œ } æ O ÖËx q^Œº Ö’HÍxH˜ =ÙѨÜ∂≥ QÆÑ_¨ ^» ∞Œ . JO^Œ∞Hˆ „Ѩu"åiH˜ ÉÏźO #∞O_Õ, 㨢`Ê« =~°#Î <Õ~åÊe. JѨC_Õ ã¨=∂[OÖ’ ã¨∞YâßO`«∞Å∞O\Ï~Ú. "≥ÚHÔ ¯· =OQÆxk =∂<≥· =OQÆ∞`«∞O^•? hu : K«^∞Œ =Ù‰õΩ ã¨^∞Œ } æ ÏÅ∞ `À_»∞ HÍ"åe. Meaning: A man cannot be happy with a wife who has no patience. A bad son is of no use to him. Education without good character does no good to the world. It is very important that every child has to be trained in good conduct from a very tender age. Then there will be peace and happiness in the world. If a young sapling cannot be bent and trained, is it possible to bend a full grown tree? Moral: Education needs to build good character. It helps to keep the world a happy place live in.

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156. HÍx"åx KÕ`« HÍã¨∞ gã¨=ÚÅ∞Oz "≥O@ k~°∞QÆ∞"å_»∞ "≥„i"å_»∞ Ñ≤e¡ u#fl HÀ_ç Ñ≤ez# ѨÅ∞‰õΩ<å? qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : Ü≥∂QÆ∞º_»∞ HÍx"åxH˜, <åºÜ«∞O ÖËx "åxH˜ ^è#Œ O ~ÚzÛ, Jk uiy fã¨∞HÀ_®xH˜, J`«x "≥O@ uiˆQ"å_»∞ "≥„i"å_»∞. Ñ≤e¡ u#fl HÀ_çx ~°=∞‡x Ñ≤e¿ãÎ =ã¨∞OÎ ^•? HÍ|\˜,ì XHõi #_»=_çx ѨÓiÎQÍ `≥Å∞ã¨∞H˘#fl `«~åfi`«<,Õ J`«x`À =º=Ǩ~åÅ∞ #_»áêe. hu : ѨÓiÎQÍ `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ‰õΩO_», Z=i`À#∞ =º=Ǩ~åÅ∞ ÃÑ@∞ìHÀ~å^Œ∞. Meaning: Only a fool will chase a man who is untrustworthy and has no ethics, to recover the money he has entrusted to him. Can a chicken gobbled up by a cat be called back to life? Only after a person’s character has been tested should one entrust any responsibility to him. Gobbled = eat hastily without proper chewing Moral: Never entrust any responsibility to someone till they have been tried and tested, and are proved trustworthy.

V 157. HÍx"åx `À_» HõÅã≤ "≥∞ÅQÆ∞"å_»∞ HÍx "åx QÍ<≥ HÍ#|_»∞#∞, `å\˜ „H˜O^Œ áêÅ∞ „`åy# K«O^Œ=∞ø qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : Ü≥∂Qƺ`«ÖxË "åx`À Hõeã≤ uiˆQ"å}˜,‚ Ü≥∂Qƺ`« ÖËx"åx ÖψQ Ö’HõO ѨiQÆ}㘠∞¨ OÎ k. `å\˜K@ ≥ ∞ì #∞O_ç HõÅ∞¡ wz `«Ü«∂~°∞ KÕ™êÎ~°∞. P K≥@∞ì „H˜O^Œ áêÅ∞ „`åy<å HõÅ∞¡ „`åy#@∞¡QÍ<Õ K«∂¿ã"å~°∞ ÉèÏq™êÎ~∞° . JO^Œ∞Hˆ , Ü≥∞ѨC_»∂ ã¨[#˚ ™êOQÆ`º« "Õ∞ KÕÜ∂« e. hu : JÜ≥∂QÆ∞ºx`À Hõeã≤ uiˆQ"å}˜,‚ JÜ≥∂QÆ∞ºxQÍ<Õ ÉèÏqã¨∞OÎ n Ö’HõO. Meaning: A person found is in the company of evil men, is bound to be judged as an evil man by others. Toddy is collected from Palmyra trees. If one were to drink milk standing under that tree, people are bound to believe it is not milk but it is toddy. Hence one should always be seen in good company. Moral: If one were to choose bad company, the world will judge him as a bad man too.

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158. HÀu|\˜ì ^≥zÛ H˘`«Î ѨÙ@ì=Ú QÆ\ ì˜ H˘O_»=ÚK«∞Û ÖˇÅ¡ Q˘eÛ#@∞ì, huÇ‘Ï#∞<˘^ŒÌ x~åƒùQÆ∞ºÅ∞O^Œ∞~°∞ qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : HÀuH˜ =∞Oz "Õ+O¨ "Õã,≤ H˘O_»=ÚK«∞ÛÅ∞ H˘ez#@∞¡QÍ huÖËx "åx =^ŒÌ x~åƒùQ∞Æ ºÅ∞ KÕ~∞° `«∞O\Ï~°∞. hu : hu=∞O`«∞Å#∞ P„â◊~Ú¿ãΠѶe¨ `«O LO@∞Ok. Meaning: A monkey may be dressed up as a leader and baboons may worship it. Those who gather around persons without good character would appear the same as the baboons. The whole show would seem absurd and purposeless. Moral : The company of noble people is rewarding.

V 159. Q˘„Ô~Å∞ Ѩk"ÕÅ∞ ‰õÄ_çÜÚ« O_ç# KÀ@ `«e<¡ i≥ y =K«∞Û^•x H˘^Œ=∞, Ѩ~°=∞Ü≥∂y <≥iy Éèí‰õΩÎO_»∞ =K«∞Û~å qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : Ѩk"ÕÅ Q˘„Ô~Å∞<åfl =∞O^ŒÖ’ Q˘„Ô~Ñ≤Å¡ ^•x `«ex¡ QÆ∞iÎOz =ã¨∞OÎ k. J^Õ q^èOŒ QÍ Éè‰í Ωõ _Î ∞» Ѩ~=° ∞Ü≥∂yx QÆ∞iΙêÎ_∞» . Wk ã¨ÇϨ [ „¿Ñ=∞â◊HxΘ , |∞kú H“â◊ÖϺxfl `≥eÜ«∞KÕã∞¨ OÎ k. hu : |∞kú=∞O`«∞_»∞ `«# Pf‡Ü«ÚÖˇ=~À ã¨∞ÅÉèOí QÍ QÆ∞iΙêÎ_∞» . Meaning: A lamb recognizes its mother in a flock of ten thousand sheep. A devotee will be able to recognize his teacher and guide in the same way. His natural power of love and sharp intelligence will help him to find the great wise teacher to guide him. Moral: A good pious man will be able to recognize his venerable master without any difficulty. Venerable = to be respected

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160. zH˜¯Ü«Ú#fl "Õà◊ ã≤OǨÏO|∞<≥#· #∞ |Hõ¯ ‰õΩHõ¯Ü≥ÿ∞# ÉÏ^èŒÃÑ@∞ì, |eq∞ÖËx "Õà◊ ѨO`«=ÚÖò K≥Å=¡ Ù qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : zH˜¯áÈ~Ú |ÅÇ‘Ï#OQÍ =Ù#fl ã≤OǨxfl, |Hõ¯ ‰õΩHõ¯ ‰õÄ_® ÉÏ^èŒÃÑ@ìQÆÅ^Œ∞. HÍ|\˜ì |ÅO ÖË#ѨC_»∞, ѨO`åʼnõΩ áȉõÄ_»^∞Œ . Z^Œ∞\˜"åi |ÖÏ|ÖÏefl JOK«<å "Õã∞¨ H˘x =∞x+≤ =ÚO^Œ∞‰õΩ ™êQÍe. hu : |ÅO ÖË#ѨC_»∞ ѨO`åʼnõΩ áȉõÄ_»^∞Œ . Meaning: When a lion is weak and helpless, even a lean sick dog may trouble it. Thus, when one is weak and has no power, there should be no attempt to oppose anyone. Always weigh with wisdom, the power and strength of the opponent before taking the next step. Moral: Without enough power there is no use opposing anyone.

V 161. `«#∞=ÙÅã≤÷~°=∞x ^èŒ#=ÚÅã≤÷~°=∞x `≥Å∞ѨQÆÅ_»∞ `å#∞ `≥eÜ«∞ÖË_»∞, K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û Ñ¨#∞Å∞ KÕÜ«Ú@ Hõ+¨ì=∞ø! qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : â◊s~°O Hõ} Δ ÉèOí QÆ∞~°=∞x, ã¨OѨ^ÅŒ ∞ XHõ KÀ@ ã≤~÷ O° QÍ =ÙO_»=x ~Ú`«~∞° ʼnõΩ É’kèOK«_O» ã¨∞ÅÉèOí . HÍx `å#∞ `≥eã≤HÀ=_»O KåÖÏ Hõ+Oì¨ . JO^Œ∞Hˆ K≥Ñʨ _»O ã¨∞ÅÉèOí KÕÜ∞« _»O Hõ+Oì¨ J<åfl~°∞ ÃÑ^ŒÅÌ ∞. Uk PK«~} ° ™ê^躌 "≥∂, J^Õ =∞#O W`«~∞° ʼnõΩ É’kèOKåe. hu : Uk =∞#O PK«iOK«Ö"Ë ∂≥ , Jk ~Ú`«~∞° ʼnõΩ É’kèOK«`Q« ^Æ ∞Œ . Meaning: It is easy to tell others that a body’s existence is temporary in nature and wealth never stays too long at the same place. It is very difficult for the very same person who preaches, to understand the meaning of what he preaches to others. That is why wise men have always said that it is easy to preach but difficult to practise. Thus people should preach what can be practised by themselves and not ask others to practise what they themselves do not follow. Moral: No one should preach to others what they themselves do not practise.

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162. `å=∞ã≤Oz KÕÜ«∞ ^ŒQÆ^≥\ ˜ì HÍ~°ºO|∞ "ÕyiOѨ#kÜ«Ú q+¨=∞QÆ∞#∞, ѨzÛHÍÜ«∞ ^≥zÛ Ñ¨_»"ÕÜ«∞ Ѷ¨Å=∞ø<≥ qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : HÀѨO`À "Õy~°OQÍ U Ѩx KÕÜ∞« ‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . Jk q+¨=∞ Ѩiã≤`÷ ∞« efl ã¨$+≤ãì ∞¨ OÎ k. Ѷe¨ `«O =ÙO_»^∞Œ . ѨzÛHÍÜ«∞#∞ HÀã≤ „H˜O^Œ Ѩ_"» ¿Õ ãΠѨO_»∞ J=Ù`«∞O^•? hu : `˘O^Œ~Ñ° _¨ ç ÜÕ∞ HÍ~°ºO KÕÜ∞« ~å^Œ∞. Meaning: Never try to carry out any work in haste and anger. It can have very dangerous consequences and will not have good results. Will a raw fruit ever ripen if it has dropped on to the ground before it is ripe? Moral: Never try to take on any work in haste without prior thought.

V 163. HõÅ∞¡‰õΩO_»ÔHxfl Ѷ¨∞#Éèí∂+¨}=Ú e_»¤ JO^Œ∞Ö’x HõOѨ٠zO^Œ∞e_»^?≥ `«∞Å∞= Ѩ^qŒ Q˘#fl `˘e QÆ∞}"Õ∞=∞QÆ∞? qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : ^Œ∞~å‡~°∞_æ ∞» =∞Oz"å_»∞QÍ =∂~åÅx ÉèÏqOz, Q“~°=O HõeÊOz, Ѩ^qŒ Ö’ ‰õÄ~°∞ÛO_»É_ˇ `ç ,Õ `«# "≥#∞Hõ\ ˜ QÆ∞}"≥∞#ÿ ^Œ∞~å‡~åæ<flÕ „Ѩ^iŒ ≈™êÎ_∞» . HõÅ∞¡‰Ωõ O_»‰Ωõ =∞Oz Éè∂í +¨}ÏÅ∞ Hõ\ <ì˜ å, ^•xÖ’x HõOѨ٠zO^Œ∞ÖËã∂¨ <Î Õ =ÙO@∞Ok Hõ^•. hu : ^Œ∞~å‡~°∞xæ H˜ Ѩ^qŒ ~Ú¿ãÎ ^Œ∞~å‡~°Oæ QÍ<Õ „Ѩ=iΙêÎ_∞» . Meaning: If an evil man is given a position of power and respect with the hope that he will become a good man, he will soon show his innate bad qualities, which he had shown earlier, and will do a great deal of harm. A toddy pot will give out the stench of what it had been used for earlier. Even if it is beautifully decorated, the foul smell continues to linger on. Innate = inborn, natural Moral: An evil man, if given respect, position and power, will go back to his evil ways and cause harm sooner or later.

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164. Hõã¨=Ù u#∞#∞ QÍ^≥ Ѩã¨~°O|∞ ÖˇÑ¨C_»∞ K≥ÑÊ≤ #@∞¡ q#∞K«∞*ËÜÚ« |#∞Å∞, "åx™ê\˜Ü∞ÿ≥ # =∂#=Ù_˘Ñ¨Ê_®? qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : QÆ_¤ç u<Õ Ñ¨â√◊ =ÙʼnõΩ, tHõ} Δ ~Ú¿ãÎ Jq =∞#O K≥ÑÊ≤ # Ѩ#∞Å∞ KÕ™êÎ~Ú. J#flO u<Õ =∞x+≤ JÖÏ „Ѩ=iÎOK«_O» ÖË^!Õ Ñ¨â√◊ =ÙÅ∞ ã¨fiÜ«∞OQÍ PÖ’zOK«Ö=Ë Ù. JO^Œ∞=Å¡ =∞#‰õΩ q^èÜ Õ ∞« OQÍ =ÙO\Ï~Ú. ã¨fiÜ«∞OQÍ PÖ’zOKÕ â◊HΘ QÆÅ =∞x+≤, ZѨC_»∞ ZÖÏ „Ѩ=iΙêÎ_À =ÓÇ≤ÏOK«_O» Hõ+Oì¨ . hu : QÆ_k¤ç <Õ Q˘_»∞¤ =∂@ qO@∞Ok HÍx, J#flO u<Õ =∞x+≤ q#_»O ÖË^∞Œ . Meaning: Animals that eat grass can be trained to obey man and he can get his work done. A man who eats good food does not do the same. Animals cannot think for themselves. Hence they obey man. Man, who can reason for himself and think, behaves as he chooses, and no one can predict his actions. Thus an animal which eats only grass can be disciplined to obey, while man who eats far better food, does not know how to impose a sense of discipline on himself. Predict=foretell Moral: An animal that feeds on grass obeys orders, while man who eats for better food does not.

V 165. QÍ_≥Ì"Õ∞#∞ g∞^Œ QÆO^èŒO|∞ ѨÓã≤# |∂kÖ’# Ѩ_»∞K«∞, á⁄~°Å∞ =∞~°Å, "≥∂@∞"åx ™⁄QÆã¨∞ "≥∂ã¨ÎiÜ«∞ºk ã¨∞g∞ qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : |∂_ç^ÖŒ ’ á⁄~°ÖÏ_Õ QÍ_ç^‰Œ Ωõ ã¨∞QÆO^èOŒ Ѩӿã,Î Jk =∞~°ÖÏ |∂_ç^ÖŒ ’ Ѩ_ç á⁄~°Å∞`«∞Ok. "≥∂@∞ "åxH˜ KÕ¿ã ™⁄QÆã∞¨ WÖψQ =ÙO@∞Ok. áê„`«∞_Ò<À HÍ^À `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ‰õΩO_» Z=fiiH˜ Ug∞ KÕÜ∞« ‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . hu : "≥Ú~°@∞"åxH˜ KÕ¿ã ™⁄QÆã∞¨ , |∞~°^ÖŒ ’ áÈ¿ã Ѩhfl~°∞. Meaning: The donkey which rolls in ash will do it again even after perfume is applied to it. Though an uncultured man is made to dress well, he will not behave in a cultured manner, and will not change his behavior at all. Never offer anything to anyone without making sure that they deserve it. Moral: Trying to make a rough man cultured is like pouring perfume in ash.

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166. `«#∞fl Ez Ü≥Ú~°∞Å∞ `«Q"Æ ∞≥ K«Û=Öˇ#x ™⁄=Ú‡ Ö~°=Ù ^≥zÛ <≥q∞‡ g∞~°, Ü≥Ú~°∞Å H˘~°‰õΩ `å<≥ Ü«Ú|∞ƒ#∞, =¸~°∞ö_»∞ qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : W`«~∞° Å∞ `«##∞ "≥∞K«∞ÛHÀ"åÅx, ™⁄=Ú‡Å∞ Z~°=Ù `≥K∞« ÛH˘x JÅOHõiOK«∞H˘O\Ï_»∞ =¸~°∞_ö ∞» . `«#<≥=fi~°∞ Ѩ\ Oì˜ K«∞HÀÖË^xŒ `≥eã≤, `«#‰õΩ `å<Õ =Úiã≤áÈ`å_»∞. Wk P`«‡#∂#º`åÉèÏ=O. nxx ^ŒQ~æÆ ‰° Ωõ ~åhÜ«∞‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . ~åx¿ãÎ =ºH˜`Î fi« qHÍ™êxH˜ J_»∞¤ `«Q∞Æ Å∞ÎOk. hu : J~°∞=Ù ™⁄=Ú‡ |~°∞=Ù KÕ@∞. Meaning: A person who borrows ornaments, wears them, and hopes to win the admiration of others, is very stupid. When no one notices him, he admires himself. This is because of a complex that he has, of being inferior to others. One should never be encouraged to behave like this. Moral: Borrowed things are harmful heavy weights, which can bring great trouble.

V 167. `«eÜ ¡ Ú« #flÜ«∞ѨÙ_≥ `«#‰õΩ QÍ~å|=Ú P"≥∞ áÈ=, `«#∞fl #~°Ü«∞ Ô~=~°∞, =∞OzHÍÅ=∞ѨÙ_≥ =∞~åº^Œ <åi˚OѨ٠qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : Wk `«e¡ „áê^è•<åºxfl K«∂¿Ñ Ѩ^ºŒ O. `«e¡ „|uH˜ =Ù#flѨC_»∞ a_»<¤ O≥ `À QÍ~å|OQÍ K«∂ã¨∞OÎ k. P"≥∞ áÈ~Ú# `«~åfi`« a_»#¤ ∞ Ѩ\Oì˜ K«∞H˘<Õ"å~°∞ Z=~°∂ LO_»~∞° . HÍ|\˜ì `«e¡ qÅ∞=#∞ JO^Œ~∂° „QÆÇÏ≤ OKåe. hu : Ñ≤ÅÅ¡ ‰õΩ `«ex¡ q∞Oz P^ŒiOKÕ"å~°∞ "Õ~Ô =fi~°∂ LO_»~∞° . Meaning:- This is a verse that describes the worth of a mother. A mother loves, pampers and takes the utmost care of a child. No one else cares so much after a mother is gone. Hence everyone should know the value of mother. Moral : No one cares and loves a person more than his mother.

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168. "≥ÅÜ«∞QÆ #â◊fi"Õ∞^èŒO |∞Å∞ "ÕÜÚ« #∞ <˘Hõ¯ ã¨`º« =Ú#∞ x~°∞QÆ_Å» O ^Œ∞#x_ç `«∂ѨQÆ ã¨`«º=Ú =Å## =ÚÅ∞ã¨∂Ѩ٠Q“~°=O|∞# ¿Ñi‡<£ ÉèÏ=O : XHõ „`åã¨∞Ö’ "Õ~Ú Jâ◊fi"Õ∞^èŒ Ü«∞*Ï˝Å Ñ¶e¨ `åxfl XHõ "≥Ñ· Ù¨ WOH˘Hõ "≥Ñ· Ù¨ XHõ¯ ã¨`º« "å‰õΩ¯#∞ LOz`Õ =ÚÅ∞¡ |~°∞=Ù`À ã¨`º« O "≥Ñ· Ù¨ "≥ÚQÆ∞æ K«∂ѨÙ`«∞Ok. "åºMϺ#O : Jâ◊fi"Õ∞^èŒ Ü«∂QÆO KÕÜ∞« @O Ѷ∞¨ #HÍ~°ºOQÍ, ™ê=∂#∞ºÅ∞ KÕÜ∞« ÖËx ѨxQÍ J`«ºO`« ѨÙ}º„Ѩ^OŒ QÍ ÉèÏq™êÎ~∞° . HÍx ã¨`º« O ѨÅHõ_"» ∞Õ JO`«HOõ >Ë Q˘Ñ¨Ê q+¨Ü∞« O. nx`À ÅaèOKÕ =∞Oz Ѷe¨ `«O =∞i ^Õx`À#∞ á⁄O^ŒÖ=Ë Ú. Wk â◊‰Ωõ O`«Å ^Œ∞+¨ºO`«∞x`À K≥ÑÊ≤ # =∂@. "≥ÅÜ«∞QÆ : „ѨH\õ O˜ K«QÆ hu : ã¨`º« "åHͺxH˜ L#fl â◊HΘ U ѨÙ}ºHÍ~åºxH˜ LO_»^∞Œ . Meaning: If the benefits of a hundred ‘Aswamedha yagyas’ were to be weighed against a statement of truth, the balance would undoubtedly swing in favour of truth! Moral: Truth has greater power than all prayers and rituals.

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169. hà◊§ =Ú#∞QÆ<ÅÕ ? x^è∞Œ Å Éˇ@Qì <Æ ÅÕ ? "≥Ú#ã≤ "ÕÅ∞ÊʼnõΩ#∞ „"≥ÚHõ¯<ÕÅ? HõŇ+¨=Ú‡Öˇ<˘fl Hõ_∞» ѨÙÖ’#∞O_»QÍ qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : Hõ_∞» ѨÙÖ’ HõŇ+¨O ÃÑ@∞ìH˘x =Ù#fl =∞#∞+¨μÅ∞, ѨÙ}ºf~å÷ÅÖ’ =Úxy#O`« =∂„`å#, =Ú_»∞ѨÙÅ∞ K≥eO¡ z#O`« =∂„`å#, ^Õ=`«Å‰õΩ „"≥ÚH˜¯#O`« =∂„`å# Ѩq„`«∞Ö∫`å~å? U Ѩx<≥<· å x+¨¯Å‡+¨ ǨÏ$^ŒÜ∞« O`À KÕÜ∂« e. JѨC_Õ Ñ¶e¨ `«O Åaèã∞¨ OÎ k. hu : Hõ_∞» ѨÙÖ’ HõŇ+¨O Hõ_yç `Õ áÈ^Œ∞. Meaning: What is the use of having ritual baths in holy rivers, or making offerings to the gods or praying to them when one’s heart is impure? Anything that is done with a pure heart alone will bring in rewards. Moral: The impurity in one's heart cannot be washed away easily.

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170. ~åu ÉÁ=∞‡ÅˆHÅ ~°OQÔ #· =Å∞=Å∞? QÆ∞à◊√¡ QÀѨÙ~°=ÚÅ∞ ‰õΩOÉèí=ÚÅ∞#∞, ‰õÄ_»∞ QÆ∞_»¤ `å#∞ HÀ~°∞<å ^Õ=Ù_»∞? qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : `«=∞ HÀÔ~¯Å∞ f~°Û=∞x „áêi÷ã∂¨ ,Î ~åu ÉÁ=∞‡#∞ ^Õ=ÙxQÍ ÉèÏqOz, ~°OQÆ∞ ~°OQÆ∞Å =¢™êÎÅ`À JÅOHõi™êÎ~∞° , ‰õΩOÉèOí ¿Ñ~°∞`À J<åflxfl JiÊ™êÎ~∞° . QÆ∞à◊√§, QÀѨÙ~åÅ∞ Hõ\ ™ì˜ êÎ~∞° . `«#‰õΩ ‰õÄ_»∞, QÆ∞_»¤ HÍ"åÅx ^Õ=Ù_»∞ HÀi<å_®? J_»‰Ωõ ¯O_®<Õ JO^Œi J=ã¨~åÅ∞ fˆ~Û"å_»∞ ^Õ=Ù_»∞. U „ѨuѶŨ O PtOK«x ^Õ=Ù_»∞ =Ú_»∞ѨÙe¿ã,Î HÀÔ~¯Å#∞ f~°∞™êÎ_®? hu : ^Õ=Ù_»∞ ÅOK«Q˘O_ç Jx ÉèÏqOK«_O» Jq"ÕHOõ . Meaning: Why are stone idols of gods dressed up in colourful splendid clothes? Why are temples and towers built? Why are delicious offerings of food made to them? Has the Lord ever asked for any of these? Moral: It is foolish to believe that the Lord can be appeased with bribes and offerings.

V 171. LѨCÖËx ‰õÄ~° Ü≥ÚѨÊ^Œ∞ ~°∞K«∞ʼnõΩ Ñ¨ÑC¨ ÖËx uO_ç ѶŨ =Ú ÖË^∞Œ JѨCÖËx"å_≥ Ü«∞kèHõ ã¨OѨ#∞fl_»∞ qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : LѨCÖËx ‰õÄ~° K«Ñʨ QÍ =ÙO_ç lǨÏfi‰õΩ ~°∞zOK«^∞Œ . ѨÑC¨ ÖË#\˜ì J#flO u<åfl Ѷe¨ `«O LO_»^∞Œ . JѨCÖË#\˜"ì å_Õ, x[OQÍ ã¨OѨ^QŒ ÅÆ "å_»∞. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë W`«~∞° ÅÃÑ· P^è•~°Ñ_¨ ‰» Ωõ O_» Ǩ~ÚQÍ rq`«O [~°∞ѨÙHÀQÆÅ"å_»∞. HÍ|\˜ì JѨCÖËx "å_Õ Q˘Ñ¨Ê"å_»∞. hu : JѨC KÕã≤ ѨÑC¨ ‰õÄ_® u#‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . Meaning: Food without salt is tasteless. Food without cereal is not satisfying. The truly rich man is the man who does not owe anybody anything. He is a man who can survive in life without depending on anyone. owe =

ÉÏH© Ѩ_Ü ç Ú« O_»∞

Moral: No one should ever try to live on borrowed money.

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172. J#∞=ÙQÍx KÀ@ #kè‰Ωõ Å =∞#~å^Œ∞ H˘OK≥=ÚO_»∞>ˇÅ¡ H˘^Œ∞=HÍ^Œ∞ H˘O_» Ü«∞^ŒÌ=∞O^Œ∞ Q˘OK≥"≥∞ÿ Ü«ÚO_»^•? qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : Ѩiã≤`÷ ∞« Å∞ J#∞‰õÄeOK«#ѨC_»∞, Jkè‰Ωõ Å=∞x K≥ÑC¨ HÀ~å^Œ∞. J}˜y=ÙO_»_"» ∞Õ =∞Ozk. J^ŒOÌ Ö’ H˘O_» z#flkQÆ HõxÊã¨∞OÎ k. JO`«=∂„`å# H˘O_» Q˘Ñ¨Ê`«#O `«yáæ È^Œ∞. nxx áê\˜OKÕ"å~°∞ `«∞k q[Ü«∞O á⁄O^Œ∞`å~°∞. hu : `«y`æ <Õ Õ <≥Q∞Æ `æ å~°∞. Q˘Ñ¨ÊʼnõΩ áÈ~Ú ÉèOí QÆÑ_¨ ‰» Äõ _»^∞Œ . Meaning: When circumstances are not favorable, one should lie low and not project himself. A mountain looks small in a mirror. In no way does it mean that the mountain has lost its might. Moral: Victory is certain if one keeps a low profile at times. Rushing in haste to project oneself could prove to be harmful.

V 173. "≥∞ÿÅ HÀHõ `À_» =∂ã≤# `«Å `À_» Ü≥Ú_»e =ÚiH˜ `À_» #∞O_≥<xÕ , JkèHõ ‰õΩÅA<≥·# J\˜ì@∞ì Ñ≤Å∞=~°∞, qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : D Ѩ^ºŒ O Ѩiâ◊√„Éè`í #« ∞ QÆ∂iÛ `≥eÜ«∞KÕã∞¨ OÎ k. ZO`« ÃÑ^ŒÌ =Oâ◊OÖ’ [x‡Oz#"å_≥<· å, =∂ã≤# =¢™êÎÅ`À, zOÑ≤i A@∞ì`À, =ÚiH˜ KÕi# â◊s~°O`À =ÙO>Ë J`«}‚˜ Z=fi~°∞ K«∂_»~∞° ѨůiOK«~∞° . HÍ|\˜ì Ѩiâ◊√„Éè`í ,« =∞Oz =G^è•~°} „Ѩu"åiH˜ J=ã¨~O° . hu : Lz`« =G^è•~°}, Ѩiâ◊√„Éè`í « =∞x+≤H˜ Q“~°"åxfl Hõey™êÎ~Ú. Meaning: This stanza stresses the importance of cleanliness. However high-born a person may be, if he is dressed in soiled clothes, his hair is unkempt and his body unwashed no one would pay any attention to him. Hence, personal cleanliness and decent clothes are important for everyone to make a good impression.

· ã¨O™ê¯~°O ÖËx unkempt = untidy, `≥Å Moral: A well-dressed person, who looks neat and clean, is bound to command respect.

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174. WǨÏ=Ú q_»∞= ѶŨ =Ú eOѨÙQÆ QÆÅ=x =∞Ç≤Ïx |Å∞¯ "åi =∂@HõÅ,¡ WǨÏ=ÚÖ’<≥ Ѩ~=° Ú <≥~∞° QÆ∞@ HÍ#~å? qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : WǨÏÖ’HÍxfl q_çz, Ѩ~°Ö’HÍxH˜ áÈ~Ú#ѨC_Õ, h‰õΩ ã¨∞MÏÅ∞ Åaè™êÎÜ«∞<Õ "åi =∂@Å∞ J|^•úÅ∞. WǨÏÖ’HõOÖ’<Õ Ñ¨~Ö° ’Hõ ã¨∞MÏefl J#∞Éèqí OK«_O» h=Ù <Õ~∞° ÛHÀ"åe. hu : WÇ¨Ï Ñ¨~åÅ∞ ~Ô O_»∞ =∂#=Ùx rq`«#kH˜ ~Ô O_»∞ QÆ@∞¡. Meaning: People who convince others that happiness can be found not on this earth but only in heaven, are not speaking the truth. One has to learn to find the joy of heaven on earth itself. Moral: Earth and heaven are like the banks of a river on either side.

V 175. =OѨÙHõ„~°QÍz =OѨ٠f~°ÛQÆ=K«∞Û H˘O_»Åxfl Ñ≤O_ç Q˘@ì=K«∞Û Hõi#î z`«∞Î =∞#ã¨∞ Hõ~y° OѨQÍ~å^Œ∞ qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : =OHõ~Q° Í =Ù#fl Hõ„~°#∞ á⁄~ÚºÖ’ ÃÑ\˜ì "Õ_Kç ãÕ ≤ QÍx, "Õ~ˆ q^èOŒ QÍ QÍx K«H¯õ QÍ =ÙO_Õ@@∞¡ KÕÜ∞« =K«∞Û. H˘O_»Å#∞ QÆ∂_» Ñ≤O_çQÍ Q˘@ì=K«∞Û. HÍx Hõi<î å`«∞‡x =∞#ã¨∞ûx HõiyOK«_O» ™ê^躌 O HÍ^Œ∞. hu : Hõi<î å`«∞‡x =∞#ã¨∞û#∞ HõiyOK«_O» Hõ+Oì¨ . Meaning: A crooked stick can be bent and shaped over a fire. It can be fashioned into the required shape. It may be possible perhaps to pound mountains flat, but it is impossible to melt the heart of a cruel man. Moral: It is not easy to soften the heart of a cruel man.

V 176. Pe=OHõ "å~° ÖÏ`«‡|O^è∞Œ =ÙÖˇi· `«e=¡ OHõ "å~°∞ `«y#áê\˜ `«O„_ç=OHõ "å~°∞ ^•Ü«∂k `«Q=Æ ÙÖ∫ qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! `≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

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ÉèÏ=O : =∞^躌 Ö’ =zÛ# ÉèÏ~°º"≥Ñ· Ù¨ "å~°∞ P`«‡|O^è∞Œ =Ù֡ᷠÈ`å~°∞. `«##∞ Hõx „¿Ñ=∞`À ÃÑOz# `«e"¡ Ñ·≥ Ù¨ "åi |O^è∞Œ `«fiO JO`«O`« =∂„`«"∞Õ . `«##∞ „"ÕÅ∞ Ѩ@∞ìH˘x #_çÑO≤ z, „ѨÜ∂≥ [‰õΩ}˜‚ KÕã#≤ `«O„_ç "≥Ñ· Ù¨ "å~°∞ ^•Ü«∂^Œ∞Å∞ â◊„`«∞=ÙÖ∫`å~°∞. nx HõO`« HÍ~°}O =ÚYºOQÍ Pã≤ΠѨOѨHÍÅÖ’ =KÕÛ q"å^•ÖË. J\˜ì q"å^•Å∞ ~å‰õΩO_® *Ï„QÆ`ÑΫ _¨ ®e. =ÚO^Œ∞QÍ =zÛ# K≥=ÙÅHõO>ˇ "≥#∞Hõ=zÛ# H˘=Ú‡Å∞ "å_ç. Wn Ö’Hõsu. hu : |O^è∞Œ `«fiO ã¨∞xfl`«"∞≥ Oÿ k. Z=iH˜ ZO`« „áê^è•#ºq∞"åfiÖ’ „QÆÇÏ≤ OK«_O» =∞Ozk. Meaning: The relatives from the wife’s side, who come later into one’s life, become very close. The relatives from the mother’s side hardly matter, though a mother is the closest and has brings one up from childhood. The relatives on the fathers’ side become very hostile, though the father lovingly guides one in life. The reason often lies in property disputes. One has to be careful to avoid such situations. The principle on which the world moves is like that of horns that come much later in life are sharper, than the ear that one is born with. Moral: Relationships are delicate and fragile. One should deal with them tactfully. Fragile= easily breakable Tact= careful thought

V 177. JHõ¯~°‰Ωõ ~åx K«∞@ì=Ú „"≥ÚH˜¯# =~°g∞x "ÕÅ∞Ê "≥∂ǨÏ~°=Ú#, ^• <≥H¯˜ # ÉÏ~°x QÆ∞„~°=Ú „QƉΩõ ¯# q_»∞=OQÆ=ÅÜ«Ú QÆ^~Œ å ã¨∞=∞f. ÉèÏ=O : J=ã¨~"° ∞≥ #ÿ ѨC_»∞ JO_»QÍ xÅ=x K«∞\Ïìxfl, ZO`« „"≥ÚH˜¯<å =~°O „Ѩ™êkOK«x ^≥"· åxfl, Ü«Ú^Œú ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’ `å<≥H¯˜ `Õ Ñ¨~∞° QÆ∞ fÜ«∞x QÆ∞„~åxfl =ke"ÕÜ∞« _»O =∞Ozk. J#∞Éè=í O`À ÃÑ^ŒÅÌ ∞ K≥¿ÑÊ =∂@~Úk. nxx JO^Œ~∞° J#∞ã¨iOKåe. hu : J=ã¨~åxH˜ ѨxH˜~åx^•xfl "≥O@<Õ q_çzÃÑ\Ïìe. Meaning: The kin who do not stand by one, in times of trouble, the God who does not grant the wishes to whom one prays earnestly, and a horse that does not run fast enough on the battle field are better discarded. Wise elders have often given this advice and it is worth following. Kin= relation

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Earnest=sincere Discard=leave Moral: Anything that is not useful when needed should be discarded.

V 178. JѨCQ˘x KÕÜÚ« qÉè=í =Ú =ÚѨC# „ÉÏÜ«∞OѨÙ\ÏÅ∞, =¸~°∞xö `«Ñ=¨ Ú<£ `«Ñʨ ~°Ü∞« x #$ѨÙ~å[º=Ú ^≥ѨÊ~°"≥∞ÿ g∞^Œ w_»∞ ^≥K«∞Û~° ã¨∞=∞f. ÉèÏ=O : JѨC KÕã≤ ѨÑC¨ ‰õÄ_»∞ u#_»O, =Úã¨e`«#OÖ’ ‰õΩ„~° ÃÑO_®¡=Ú#∞ Hõey =ÙO_»_O» , =¸~°∞_ö ∞» KÕ¿ã HÍ~°º™ê^è#Œ #∞ #=∞‡_»O, <åºÜ«∂<åºÜ«∞ qK«H} Δõ ÖËx ~åA Ü≥ÚHõ¯ ~å[ºOÖ’ x=ã≤OK«_O» ZѨÊ\˜HÔ <· å „Ñ¨=∂^ŒO Hõe™æ êÎ~Ú. JO^Œ∞KÕ`,« "å\˜H˜ ^Œ∂~°OQÍ =ÙO_»_O» „âıÜ∞« 㨯~°O. "åºMϺ#O : H˘xfl „áêO`åÖ’¡ H˘xfl *Ï`«∞Ö’¡, H˘xfl =∞`åÅ"åà◊Ö¡ ’ _»|∞ƒ fã¨∞H˘x =Úã¨e"åà◊§H˜ P_»ÑÅ≤ e¡ fl ÃÑo¡ KÕã∞¨ OÎ \Ï~°∞. Hõ<åºâ◊√ůO <å@HõO P ã¨=∞㨺<Õ „Ѩ^iŒ ≈OzOk. =Úã¨e "åxH˜ z#flÑ≤Åx¡ zÛ ÃÑo§KÕÜ∞« @O =Å¡ ã¨=∂[OÖ’ Z<Àfl J#~å÷Å∞ [~°∞QÆ∞`å~Ú. D q+¨Ü∂« xfl `≥eÜ«∞KÕ¿ã^Õ D Ѩ^ºŒ O. hu : =Úã¨e"å_çH˜ ‰õΩ„~° ÃÑO_®¡O, HÀuH˜ H˘|ƒiHÍÜ«∞ ÖÏO\˜k. Meaning: Living off borrowed money, having a young wife in old age, depending on the efficiency of a fool, and living in a country where the king does not differentiate between the just and the unjust, are dangerous, and one should keep a distance from these situations as they can cause trouble later. Moral: A person should be wise enough to judge a situation and act accordingly.

V 179. Hõ=∞Å=ÚÅ∞ h@ÉÏã≤# Hõ=∞ÖÏѨÙxÎ ~°t‡ ™ÈH˜ Hõ=∞e#ÉèOí y<£ `«=∞ `«=∞ <≥Å=ÙÅ∞ `«Ñ≤Ê#, `«=∞ q∞„`«∞Öˇ â◊„`«∞ÅQÆ∞@ `«^䌺=Ú ã¨∞=∞f. ÉèÏ=O : Ѩ^•‡Å∞ hà◊Ö¡ ’ =Ù#flѨC_»∞ ã¨∂~°ºHÍOu ™ÈH˜`Õ qHõã™≤ êÎ~Ú. J"Õ Ñ¨^•‡Å∞ h\˜Ö’ ÖË#ѨC_»∞, ã¨∂~°º~°t‡ ™ÈH˜`Õ =∂_çáÈ`å~Ú. Z=Ô~<· å `«=∞`«=∞ ™ê÷<åefl =^ŒeÃÑ\˜,ì ɡ\· H˜ ˜ =¿ãÎ "åi q∞„`«∞ÖË â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ∞QÍ =∂iáÈ`å~°∞. HÍ|\˜ì Z=i ™ê÷#OÖ’ "å~°∞ Éè„í ^ŒOQÍ =ÙO_®e.

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hu : K≥@∞ì`À =Ù#flѨC_Õ Ñ¨Ù=Ùfi qHõãã≤ ∞¨ OÎ k. "Õ~∞° KÕ¿ãÎ ZO_çáÈ`«∞Ok. Meaning: Water lilies bloom in water only when sunlight is on them. The same flowers wilt and die when they are taken out of water and the hot sun shines on them. To anyone who moves away from their natural place in life, they find even friends turn into enemies. All should wisely remain in the place life has allotted to them. Moral: A flower blooms only when it is on the tree. If the flower is plucked away from the tree, it fades and dies.

V 180. `«#Ü«¸i `«Ñ㨠`≤ Ñ« =¨ Ú#∞ `«# Ѩل`«∞x q^Œº ÃÑOѨÙ, `«#ã¨u~°∂ѨÙ<£ `«# ÃÑ~°\ K˜ @ ≥ ∞ì =∞O^Œ∞#∞ =∞#ã¨∞# =i‚OѨ~Ô \˜ì =∞#∞AÅ∞ ã¨∞=∞f. ÉèÏ=O : `«# „QÍ=∞O "åi HÍ~°º™ê^èHŒ `õ åfixfl, `«# ‰õΩ=∂~°∞x q^•º ã¨OѨ^#Œ ∞, `«# ÉèÏ~°º ~°∂ѨÖÏ=}ϺÅ#∞, `«# ÃÑ~°\ ˜ `À@Ö’x K≥@∞ì Ü≥ÚHõ¯ =∞O^Œ∞ qÅ∞=#∞, Z=~°∞#∞, =i‚OK«_®xH˜ ~Ú+¨Ñì _¨ ~» ∞° . ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë Jk P`«‡ã¨∞uÎ „H˜OkH˜ =ã¨∞OÎ k. P`«‡ã¨∞uÎ ã¨[#˚ ∞x ÅHõ} Δ O HÍ^Œ∞. hu : Z=i _»Éσ "åà◊√§ H˘@∞ìHÀ‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . Meaning: A person usually hesitates to talk about the achievements of a man of his town, the excellence of his son’s education, the beauty of his wife and the benefits of the plants in his garden. It is because it would sound like boasting. Boasting is certainly not the quality of a modest, cultured man. Moral: Never boast of what is one’s own.

V 181. `«# Hõeq∞, ~ÚO„^Œ Éè’QÆ=Ú `«# ÖËq∞Ü≥∞ ã¨~°fiÖ’Hõ^•i„^ŒºO|∞<£ `«# Kå=Ù [QÆ„`«Êà◊Ü∞« =Ú `«# =Åz#Ü«∞kÜ≥∞ ~°OÉèí, `«^䌺=Ú ã¨∞=∞f. ÉèÏ=O : JǨÏOHÍ~°O`À HõO_»∞¡ =¸ã¨∞HõáÈ~Ú#"å_»∞, TǨÖ’HõOÖ’ qǨÏiã¨∂Î `«# ~ÚO\’¡ ã¨OѨ^Œ ~ÚO„^ŒÉ’è QÆ=∞#∞H˘O\Ï_»∞. `«# ~ÚO\˜ ^•i„^Œº"Õ∞ Ö’HÍxHõO`å ^•i„^Œº=∞#∞H˘O\Ï_»∞. `å#∞ K«xáÈ`Õ [QÆ`∞« Î HõO`å „Ñ¨àÜ ◊ ∞« O J#∞H˘O\Ï_»∞. `å#∞ „¿Ñq∞Oz# ¢ãÜ Î‘ ∞Õ ^Õ=HÍO`«Ü∞ÿ≥ # ~°OÉèí J#∞H˘O\Ï_»∞. JǨÏOHÍ~°O ky#ѨC_»∞ W=hfl `å~°∞=∂~“`å~Ú. HÍ|\˜ì =∞x+≤H˜ JǨÏOHÍ~°O LO_»~å^Œ∞. 124

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

hu : D „ѨÑO¨ K«OÖ’x ã¨OѨ^ÅŒ hfl `«# HÀã¨"∞Õ ã¨$+≤Oì Ѩ|_®¤Ü∞« #∞H˘O\Ï_»∞ JǨÏOHÍi. Meaning: A vain, arrogant man truly imagines that his home is a divine palace, his poverty is the misery of the whole world, and his death would herald the end of the world. He believes that the woman he loves is as beautiful as the divine nymphs in heaven. When his vanity and arrogance come down everything changes. It is never wise to be proud and arrogant and live in a world of illusion. nymphs = JѨû~°ã¨ Moral: An arrogant man is under the illusion that all the good things in life have been created for him alone. Illusion = deceptive appearance

V 182. qkeOѨ#∞~°∞‰õΩ, ã≤OQÆѨ٠Q˘^Œ=∞Ü«Ú, =∞^Œ=∞e# QÆO_»‰Ωõ O[~°=ÚÅÃÑ· xk |ÅâßeH˜ <≥[· =Ú QÆ^Œ, `Õ*’xkèH˜ =Ü«∞ã¨∞ HÍ~°}=∞QÆ∞<Õ? – Éèí~°Î $ǨÏi ÉèÏ=O : XHõ ã≤OǨÏO Ñ≤Å,¡ =∞kOz# ÜÕ∞#∞QÆ∞#∞ K«∂¿ã,Î ^•x g∞kH˜ =ÙiH˜ K«OѨ_®xH˜ „ѨÜ∞« uflã¨∞OÎ k. Wk |ÅâßeH˜ ã¨ÇϨ ["≥∞#ÿ ÅHõ} Δ O. =Ü«∞ã¨∞û`À ã¨O|O^èOŒ ÖËxk â∫~°ºO. hu : =Ü«∞ã¨∞û‰õΩ â∫~åºxH˜ ã¨O|O^èOŒ ÖË^∞Œ . Meaning: A lion cub will not hesitate to attack an elephant, without any fear. This is a natural instinctive action of a brave mighty creature. Heroic, valiant acts have nothing to do with age. Moral: Courage and age have nothing to do with one another.

V 183. HõΔ=∞Hõ=K«O|∞, „HÀ^èŒ =∞kâ◊„`«∞=Ù, *Ï˝u Ǩï`åâ◊#∞O_»∞, q∞ „`«=Ú ^ŒQÆ∞=∞O^Œ∞, ^Œ∞~°˚#∞Å∞ ^•~°∞} Ѩ#flQÆ=ÚÖò, ã¨∞q^Œº q `«,Î =Úz`«Å[˚ Éè∂í +¨}, =Ú^•`«Î Hõq`«fi=Ú ~å[º g∞, Hõ=Δ ∂ „Ѩ=ÚY Ѩ^•~°÷=ÚÖò QÆÅ∞QÆ∞ Ѩ@∞ì# `«`«¯=Kå^Œ∞ ÖË\ ˜H˜<£. – Éèí~°Î $ǨÏi `≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

125

ÉèÏ=O : F~°∞Ê Hõ=K«O ÖÏO\˜k, HÀѨO â◊„`«∞=Ù, ^•Ü«∂k xѨCÖÏO\˜"å_»∞. q∞„`«∞_»∞ =∞Oz B+¨^OŒè . ^Œ∞~°#˚ ∞Å∞ ã¨~Ê° =Ú ÖÏO\˜"å~°∞. =∞Oz q^Œº, KÕuÖ’ =Ù#fl ^è#Œ O =O\˜k. q#Ü«∞O Éè∂í +¨}O. ã¨∞Hõq`«fiO ~å[ºO Wxfl ã¨OѨ^ÅŒ ∞ HõÅ"åxH˜ "Õ~ˆ ~°H} Δõ Hõ=K«O JHõ¯~°Ö^Ë ∞Œ . hu : ã¨[#˚ ∞xH˜, J`«x ã¨^∞Œ } æ ÏÖË ~°H} Δõ Hõe™æ êÎ~Ú. "Õ~ˆ ~°H} Δõ J=ã¨~O° ÖË^∞Œ . Meaning: Patience is like an armour that protects. Anger is an enemy that destroys. A rival to inheritance is like a spark of fire. A friend is like a balm. Evil men are like snakes. Good education is a treasure in hand. Modesty is an ornament. Good poetry is like a kingdom. One who possesses these does not need any other protective shields. Moral: Virtues give a good man full protection. He does not need any other armour.

V 184. ~åH˘=∞~°∞Öò ~°ã[¨ x˝ k~°O|∞QÆ =∞#fl# #∞Oz#@∞¡ Éè∂í Ö’Hõ=Ú#O^Œ∞ =¸_è»∞, ^Œ=∞ ֒ѨŠ#∞OѨ~°∞ xHõ¯"Õ∞ Hõ^•! KÕH˘x =Ú^Œ∞QÌ Í [^Œ∞=Ù zů#∞ ɡO`«∞~°∞ QÍHõ ÃÑO`«∞~ˆ HÍHõ=Ú <≥=fiÔ~·#, â◊√ÉèíHÍ~°}, ã¨#∞‡x ¿ã=º ÉèÏ㨯~å! ÉèÏ=O : ~å[ã¨ÉÖíè ’ ~å[‰õΩ=∂~°∞Å∞ ~°ãA ¨ Ö˝ #·ˇ "åi<Õ Q“~°q™êÎ~∞° HÍx =¸_è∞» Å#∞ ^ŒQ~æÆ ‰° Ωõ ~åhÜ«∞~°∞. Z=fiÔ~<· å =Ú^Œ∞Ì =∂@Å∞ ѨeHˆ ~å=∞zÅ∞Hõ#∞ ѨO[~°OÖ’ =ÙOz ÃÑOK«∞H˘O\Ï~°∞ HÍx, HÍH˜x ÃÑOK«~∞° Hõ^•! hu : Hõ#HÍxfl ~ÚO\’¡ =ÙOK«∞H˘O\Ï~°∞ QÍx Hõã∞¨ =Ù#∞ =ÙOK«∞HÀ~°∞. Meaning: In a royal court, kings patronize, only scholars and people with merit. They do not allow ignorant foolish people to come close to be favoured. One may wish to keep a parrot in a cage to enjoy its delightful chatter. No one would wish to have a crow for a pet. Moral: One would like to keep gold at home but not rubbish.

V 185. ^•#=Ú Éè’QÆ=Ú <åâ◊=Ú Ñ¨ÓxHõ`À =¸_»∞QÆ`«∞Å∞ Éèí∞q ^èŒ#=Ú#‰õΩ<£, ^•#=Ú Éè’QÆ=Ú <≥~∞° QÆx n#∞x ^è#Œ =Ú#‰õΩ QÆu `«$fÜ«∞"≥∞ `«ÅѨ<.£ – Éèí~°Î $ǨÏi

126

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ÉèÏ=O : ^è<Œ åxH˜ ^•#O KÕÜ∞« _»"∂≥ , J#∞Éèqí OK«_"» ∂≥ ÖË^• áÈQ˘@∞ìHÀ=_»"∂≥ J<Õ =¸_»∞ J=ã¨Å÷ ∞ LO\Ï~Ú. ^•#O KÕÜ∞« Hõ, J#∞Éèqí OK«Hõ =ÙO_Õ"å_»∞ ^è<Œ åxfl áÈQ˘@∞ìH˘O\Ï_»∞. hu : ^è<Œ åxfl J#∞Éèqí OKåe† ^•#O KÕÜ∂« e. Meaning: The three ways money can be used are to give it away in charity, enjoy it or lose it. One who does not give it away in charity or enjoy it is bound to lose it. Moral: Money is meant to be either enjoyed or given away in charity.

V 186. K≥eq∞Ü«Ú Ñ¨QÜ Æ Ú« #∞, `≥eqÜ«Ú HõÅHõÜÚ« , ^è~Œ ‡° O|∞ áêѨQuÆ Ü«Ú#∞, ÃÑOѨÙO `«∞Å∞=`«#O|∞#∞ =K«∞Û#∞ ѨÅ∞‰õΩ|_ç# HÍ#, á⁄ã¨QÆ Ñ¨Å∞HõQÆ =ÅÜ«Ú<£. – PO„^èŒ =∞ǨÉèÏ~°`«O ÉèÏ=O : ¿ãflǨÏO QÍx, q~À^èOŒ QÍx, ™ê=∞~°ãº¨ O QÍx, q"å^ŒO QÍx, ^è~Œ ‡° O QÍx, áêѨO QÍx, 㨢`Ê« =~°#Î QÍx, ^Œ∞¢+ʨ =~°#Î QÍx, =∂\Ï¡_Õ f~°∞#∞ |\˜ì U~°Ê_»∞`å~Ú. JO^Œ∞=Å¡ K«H¯õ QÍ =∂\Ï¡__» O» JO^Œ~∞° JÅ=~°K∞« HÀ"åe. hu : <À~°∞ =∞Oz^≥`· Õ T~°∞ =∞Oz^Œ=Ù`«∞Ok. Meaning: The manner of speech can determine the way to promote a good bond of friendship or cause enmity, promote amicable co-operation or raise a dispute, can give a fair solution, wound feelings, or show good conduct or bad behavior. All will have to adopt a pleasing way of speaking to keep everyone happy. Moral: If one has pleasant speech, all the people in the world are good to him as he is liked by all

V

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13. JÇ≤ÏO™ê Ѩ^Œúu 187. Ç≤ÏOã¨`À_» Z#fl_»∞ ™êkèOѨÖ~Ë ∞° q[Ü«∞O JÇ≤ÏOã¨Ü∞Õ ã≤~÷ â° ßOuH˜ JOu=∞ â◊~} ° O. – =∂#=w`« ÉèÏ=O : K«i„`«#∞ Ѩije¿ãÎ =∞#‰õΩ H˘xfl x*ÏÅ∞ `≥Å∞™êÎ~Ú. ~åAÅ =∞^躌 Z<Àfl Ü«Ú^•úÅ∞ [iQÍ~Ú. `å`å¯eHõOQÍ q[Ü«∂Å∞ á⁄O^•~°∞. HÍx âßOux ™ê÷ÑO≤ ѨÖHË áõ ÈÜ«∂~°∞. HÍ|\˜ì Ç≤ÏOã¨`À Z#fl_»∞#∞ q[Ü«∂xfl ™êkèOK«Ö~Ë ∞° . JÇ≤ÏOã¨`À<Õ ã≤~÷ â° ßOu Åaèã∞¨ OÎ k. hu : JÇ≤ÏOã¨Ü∞Õ ã≤~÷ â° ßOuH˜ JOu=∞ â◊~} ° O. "åºMϺ#O : #~°*Ïu K«i„`« "≥Ú`«OÎ Ç≤ÏO™êÜ«Ú`«"∞≥ #ÿ Ü«Ú^•úÅ`À #_çzOk. ~Ô O_»∞ Ü«Ú^•úÅ =∞^躌 #∞#fl ã¨fiÅÊHÍÅ"Õ∞ âßOu HÍÅO J~ÚOk. Ç≤ÏO㨠=Å¡, âßOux <≥ÅH˘ÅÊ_»O ™ê^躌 O HÍx Ѩx. JO^Œ∞Hˆ Q“`«=∞|∞^Œ∞_ú ∞» JÇ≤ÏO™ê ã≤^•úO`åxfl Ö’HÍxH˜ É’kèOKå_»∞. ã≤~÷ â° ßOu HÍ"åÅO>Ë JÇ≤ÏO™ê =∂~°"æ Ú≥ Hõ>Ë â◊~}° ºO. Meaning: A study of history reveals some truths to us. There have been many battles fought among kings. Some were able to win temporary victories. Yet they were unable to establish peace. It is certain that violence can never earn a true victory. It is only nonviolence that can bring permanent peace. Moral: The last refuge for permanent peace can be found only in non-violence.

V 188. Hõu`Î À_» ™êkèOz# Ѷ∞¨ #[Ü«∞=Ú‡ "≥∞~°Ü«Ú <˘Hõ™êi "Õ∞Ѷ¨∂# "≥∞~°Ñ¨Ù"ÀÖˇ âßOu`À_» ѨO_çOz# [Ü«∞ѶŨ =Ú‡ xez "≥Å∞QÆ∞#∞ =∞}˜nѨ HõoHõ"ÀÖˇ. – =∂#= w`« ÉèÏ=O : ‰õ`∞« ÅÎ `À Ç≤ÏOã≤Oz ™êkèOz# q[Ü«∞O, "Õ∞Ѷ∞¨ OÖ’ "≥∞~°∞ѨÙÖÏQÍ Hõ} Δ H˜ "õ ∞≥ #ÿ k. âßOu =∂~°Oæ Ö’ ™êkèOz# q[Ü«∞O =∞}˜nѨOÖÏQÍ âßâ◊fi`«OQÍ "≥Å∞QÆ∞xã¨∞OÎ k.

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hu : Ç≤ÏOã¨`À ™êkèOKÕ q[Ü«∞O `å`å¯eHõO. âßOu`À ™êkèOKÕ q[Ü«∞O âßâ◊fi`«O. "åºMϺ#O : âßOux ™ê÷ÑO≤ KåÅ<Õ L^ÕâÌ º◊ O`À „Ѩ`º« ~°∞Å÷ ÃÑ· Hõ`∞« ÅÎ ∞ ^Œ∂ã≤ Ü«Ú^ŒOú KÕã≤ q[Ü«∞O ™êkèOz# "å~°∞<åfl~°∞. J\˜ì q[Ü«∞O "Õ∞Ѷ∞¨ OÖ’ "≥∞~°∞ѨÙÖÏQÍ Hõ} Δ H˜ "õ ∞≥ #ÿ k. JÖÏ H͉õΩO_®, „Ѩ`º« ~°∞Å÷ `À âßOu K«~Û° Å∞ [iÑ≤, q[Ü«∂xfl á⁄O^ŒQeÆ `æ Õ Jk âßâ◊fi`«OQÍ =ÙO@∞Ok. J\˜ì q[Ü«∞O =∞}˜nѨO =Öˇ ZÅ¡ÑC¨ _»∞ "≥Å∞QÆ∞#∞ „Ѩãi¨ OѨKãÕ ∞¨ OÎ k. Meaning: Any victory won with the sword is like a momentary flash of lightning in the clouds. Victory won through non-violence is peace which is permanent like the light given out by the lustre of a precious gem. Moral: Victory won with violence is temporary whereas victory won with peace and methods of non-violence is permanent. Lustre = shine

V 189. HÍy#\˜ì áêÅ∞ g∞QÆ_Ü » ∞ÿ≥ `ÕÅ∞ á⁄Oy#\˜ì áêÅ∞ á⁄~Úº áêÅ∞ P„QÆÇϨ =Ú‡ `≥K∞« Û Jxfl J#~å÷Å∞ ã¨Ç¨Ï#â◊H˜Î ~ÚK«∞Û ã¨`«ÊùÖÏÅ∞. – =∂#=w`« ÉèÏ=O : á⁄Oy# áêÅ∞ á⁄~ÚºÖ’ Ѩ_=ç ∂_çáÈ~Ú#@∞¡, P„QÆÇϨ O J#~å÷Å#∞ `≥ã∞¨ OÎ k. ã¨ÇϨ #O, HÍy# áêÅ g∞^Œ g∞QÆ_» ÖÏQÍ ã¨`Ê« eù `åÅxã¨∞OÎ k. HÍ|\˜ì P„QÆÇϨ O =ke, ã¨ÇϨ <åxfl „Ѩ^iŒ ≈Oz, HÍ~åºxfl ™êkèOK«∞HÀ"åe. hu : ã¨ÇϨ #O ã¨~fi° HÍ~°º ™ê^è#Œ O. "åºMϺ#O : P„QÆÇϨ O á⁄Oy# áêÅ=O\˜k. á⁄Oy# áêÅ∞ á⁄~Úº áêÖˇ· =º~°"÷ ∞≥ ÿ áÈ~Ú#@∞¡ P„QÆÇϨ O J#~å÷ʼnõΩ ^•ifã¨∞OÎ k. ^•x =Å¡ Ѷe¨ `«O =ÙO_»^∞Œ . F~°∞Ê HÍy# áêÅÃÑ· ¿Ñ~°∞H˘#fl g∞QÆ_» =O\˜k. Jk Ü≥∞^Œ∞\˜"åi "≥∞ѨC#∞ á⁄O^ŒQÅÆ ∞æ`∞« Ok. ã¨`Ê« eù `åÅxã¨∞OÎ k. HÍ|\˜ì P„QÆÇ¨ xfl J}∞K«∞H˘x, ã¨ÇϨ #O`À „Ѩ=iÎOz, HÍ~åºÅ∞ ™êkèOK«∞HÀ"åe. Meaning: Milk that boils over into the flame is burnt. Anger is just like that, and brings about a great deal of harm. Patience gives rewards like the cream that spreads over boiled milk. Hence anger and haste should be given up, patience shown, and whatever has to be done can be achieved with ease.

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Moral: Patience has the ability to win over and achieve anything in this world.

V 190. HõuÎ EѨ<@ ≥ ∞¡ Hõ=∞ÅO|∞ qHõãO≤ K«∞! J~°∞}HÍOu ™ÈH˜#ѨÙ_»∞ `«Ñʨ , =∞=∞`« EÑ≤#ѨÙ_≥ =∞#ã¨∞ =∂~°∞#∞ `«Ñʨ , ÉèÜ í ∞« =Ú EѨË, =∞=∞`«#∞, „¿Ñ=∞#∞ K«∂áêe HÍx ÉèÜ í ∞« ÃÑ\˜ì ÖÏÉèOí ÖË^∞Œ . ã¨∂~°ºHÍOu ™ÈH˜#ѨÙ_Õ HÍx, HõuÎ EÑ≤#ѨÙ_»∞ Ѩ^‡Œ O qHõãO≤ K«^∞Œ Hõ^•! hu : =∞#ã¨∞#∞ =∂~°Û_»O, „¿Ñ=∞`À<Õ ™ê^躌 O. "åºMϺ#O : =∞#∞+¨μÅ =∞#ã¨∞û#∞ =∂~åÛÅO>Ë "åiÃÑ· =∞=∞`å#∞~åQÍÅ∞ K«∂áêe. HÍx ÉèíÜ«∞O K«∂Ñ≤#O^Œ∞=Å¡ Ѷe¨ `«O =ÙO_»^∞Œ . XHõ ã¨~ã° ∞¨ ûÖ’ =Ù#fl Ѩ^‡Œ O L^Œ~ÚOKÕ ã¨∂~°∞ºx HÍOu ™ÈH˜#ѨC_Õ qHõãã≤ ∞¨ OÎ k. HÍx HõuÎ K«∂Ñ≤, ÉèÜ í ∞« ÃÑ_ç`Õ qHõãO≤ K«^∞Œ . ã¨=∂[OÖ’ Ѩi=~°#Î `Õ"åÅ#∞H˘<Õ"å~°∞, nxx QÆ∞~°∞OÎ K«∞H˘x „Ѩ=iÎOKåe. Meaning: To bring about a change of heart one should show love and affection and not use force and intimidation. Only when sunlight falls on the lotus does it bloom. A sword cannot force it to bloom, only sunlight can. Intimidation = frighten Moral: Only love can bring about a change of heart.

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14. "Õ^•O`« Ѩ^Œúu 191. Uq∞ H˘#∞K«∞ =K«∞Û, <Õq∞ `åQ˘xáÈ=Ù |∞@∞ì"Õà◊ #~°∞_»∞ y@∞ì"Õà◊ ^èŒ#=Ú ÖˇK«\ ˜ˆHQÆ∞ `å<ÕQÆ∞ <≥K«\ ˜H˜? qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : =∞x+≤ [x‡Oz#ѨÙ_»∞ Uq∞ fã¨∞H˘x~å_»∞. K«xáÈÜÕ∞@ѨC_»∞ ‰õÄ_» Uq∞ fã¨∞H˘x áÈÖË_∞» . ^è#Œ O ZHõ¯_çH˜ áÈ`«∞O^À =∞x+≤ Ü≥∞Hõ¯_çH˜ áÈ`å_À `≥eÜ«∞^Œ∞. hu : ѨÙ\˜#ì ѨC_»∞ `≥KÛÕ k ÖË^∞Œ . K«xáÈÜÕ∞@ѨC_»∞ fã¨∞HõáÈÜÕ∞k ÖË^∞Œ . "åºMϺ#O : =∞x+≤ rq`«HÍÅOÖ’ `å#∞ ã¨OáêkOz# ã¨OѨ^ÅŒ ÃÑ· "åº"≥∂ǨÏO ÃÑOK«∞H˘O\Ï_»∞. `«#‰õΩ J=™ê# HÍÅO ã¨g∞Ñ≤Oz#ѨC_»∞, P ã¨OѨ^ŒÅ#∞ =^ŒeÃÑ\˜ì áÈ=Åã≤=ã¨∞ÎO^Œx kQÆ∞Å∞ Ѩ_»`å_»∞. nx<Õ Éè=í |O^èOŒ JO\Ï~°∞. =∞x+≤, `å#∞ [x‡Oz, Éè∂í q∞ g∞kH˜ =zÛ#ѨC_»∞ Ug∞ fã¨∞H˘x ~åÖË^∞Œ ., `å#∞ =∞~°}O˜ z, Éè∂í q∞x =^ŒeáÈÜÕ∞@ѨC_»∞ Ug∞ fã¨∞H˘x áÈÖË_∞» . =∞~°}O `«~åfi`« `å#∞ U=∞ø`å_À `«# ã¨OѨ^Œ ÜÕ∞=∞ø`«∞O^À J`«xH˜ `≥eÜ«∞^Œ∞. D ã¨`åºxfl `≥eã≤H˘#fl =∞x+≤, Éè=í |O^èOŒ #∞O_ç "≥∂HõOΔ á⁄Ok P#O^ŒOQÍ =ÙO\Ï_»∞. Meaning: A man brings nothing with him when he is born. He takes nothing with him when he dies. No one knows where he goes from here or where his wealth finally goes. Moral: None brings anything when born nor takes anything while dying.

V 192. Hõ#QÆ, ™⁄=Ú‡ Öˇ<˘fl Hõ#HõO| ^˘Hõ¯>ˇ Ѩã¨∞Å =<≥fl Öˇ<˘fl áêÖÁHõ\ ˜Ü≥∞ ѨÙ+¨Ê*Ï`«∞Öˇ<˘fl ѨÓ[ Ü≥ÚHõ¯>ˇã¨∞g∞ qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : |OQÍ~°O XHõ>.Ë HÍx ^•x`À Z<Àfl ™⁄=Ú‡efl `«Ü∂« ~°∞ KÕÜ∞« =K«∞Û. Ѩâ√◊ =ÙÅ∞ Z<Àfl ~°OQÆ∞Ö’¡ =ÙO\Ï~Ú. HÍx Jq ~ÚKÕÛ áêÅ ~°OQÆ∞ =∂„`«O XHõ¯>Ë. JÖψQ ѨÙ+¨Ê*ù Ï`«∞Öˇ<Àfl =Ù<åfl~Ú. HÍx P ѨÓÅ`À =∞#O ^≥"· åxH˜ KÕ¿ã ѨÓ[ XHõ¯>Ë. nxx |\˜ì aè#fl`«fiOÖ’ =Ù#fl UHõ`åfixfl =∞#O „QÆÇÏ≤ OKåe.

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hu : aè#fl`«fiOÖ’, UHõ`fi« O =Ù#flk `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ. J~å÷Å∞ : Hõ#QÆ ´ K«∂_»Q†Æ Ѩã∞¨ Å∞ ´ Ѩâ√◊ =ÙÅ∞ Meaning: Gold remains the same, whatever jewellery is made from it. Cows may be of many colours, black, white, brown or mixed, but the colour of milk is the same. Similarly a variety of flowers are gathered for worship, but no matter whatever flowers are used, worship remains the same. This unity in diversity should be clearly understood. Unity = of one Diversity = of many, varied Moral: There is unity in diversity.

V 193. z`«Îâ◊√kú QÆey KÕã≤# ѨÙ}ºO|∞ H˘OK≥"∞≥ #ÿ #kÜ«Ú Q˘^Œ∞= HÍ^Œ∞ q`«#Î O|∞ =∞„i =$HõOΔ |∞#‰õΩ <≥O`«? qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : z`«âÎ √◊ kú`À =∞#O KÕã#≤ ѨÙ}ºHÍ~°ºO ZO`« z#fl^≥<· å, Jk ÃÑ^Œ^Ì •x`À ã¨=∂#O. =∞„i q`«#Î O KåÖÏ z#flk. HÍx ^•xÖ’ =∞Ǩ =$HõOΔ Wq∞_ç =ÙOk Hõ^•! hu : z`«âÎ √◊ kú`À KÕ¿ã HÍ~°ºO, ZO`« z#fl^≥<· å ÃÑ^ŒÌ Ѷe¨ `åxflã¨∞OÎ k. "åºMϺ#O : U HÍ~åºxfl KÕã<≤ å, ^•xx z`«âÎ √◊ kú`À KÕÜ∂« e. z`«âÎ √◊ kú`À KÕã#≤ ZO`« z#fl ѨxÜ≥∞ÿ <å ÃÑ^ŒÌ Ѷe¨ `åxfl ~Úã¨∞OÎ k. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ, =∞„i q`«#Î O KåÖÏ z#flkQÍ =ÙO@∞Ok. HÍx JO^Œ∞Ö’ =∞Ǩ =$HõOΔ Wq∞_ç =ÙOk. Meaning: Even a small action done with a pure heart, is equal to a very important action. The seed of the banyan may be very small, but in it is dormant, a huge banyan tree of the future. Moral: However minor an action, if done with a pure and a sincere heart, will give huge rewards.

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194. Éèí∂q∞ <åk Ü«∞x# Éèí∂q∞ Ѷ¨‰õΩ¯# #=Ùfi ^•#Ç‘Ï#∞ Ez ^è#Œ =Ú #=Ùfi, Hõ^#Œ cè`∞« Ez HÍÅ∞_»∞ #=Ùfi#∞, qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : =∞x+≤ K«zÛáÈ`Õ Éè∂í q∞Ö’ ѨÓ_çÛ ÃÑ_»`å~°∞. JO^Œ∞=Å¡ =∞x+≤, Éè∂í q∞H˜ ™⁄O`«"∞≥ áÿ È`å_»∞. J@∞=O@ѨC_»∞, =∞x+≤ Éè∂í q∞ <å^Œx JO>Ë Éè∂í q∞ #=fi‰õΩO_® =ÙO@∞O^•? ^è#Œ O KåÅ K«OK«Å"≥∞#ÿ k. Jk ~¸ k#O h ^ŒQ~æÆ ° =ÙO@∞Ok. ~ˆ Ѩ\ H˜ ,˜ ~ÚOH˘Hõi ^ŒQ~æÆ ‰° Ωõ KÕ~∞° `«∞Ok. J@∞=O@ѨC_»∞ ^è#Œ O <å^Œx =∞x+≤ K≥Ñʨ _»O #QÆ∞ÉÏ@∞ J=Ù`«∞Ok. Ü«Ú^ŒOú Ö’ â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ∞ K«OѨÙ`å~°x ÉèÜ í ∞« Ѩ_ç áêiáÈ~Ú# XHõ Ããx· ‰õΩ_»∞ U^À XHõ ~ÀA =∞~°}™˜ êÎ_∞» . =∞~°}Ïxfl `«ÑÊ≤ OK«∞HÀ"åÅx „ѨÜ∞« uflOz# J`«xfl K«∂z Ü«∞=Ú_»∞ #=Ùfi`å_»∞. nxx |\˜,ì D „ѨÑO¨ K«OÖ’ U =ã¨∞=Î Ù ‰õÄ_» `«# ™⁄O`«O HÍ^Œx `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ"åe. hu : D „ѨÑO¨ K«OÖ’ Un hk HÍ^Œ∞. h=Ù =zÛáÈÜÕ∞ Ü«∂„u‰õΩ_»=Ù =∂„`«"∞Õ . J~å÷Å∞ : Hõ^#Œ cè`∞« _»∞ ´ Ü«Ú^ŒOú Ö’ ÉèÜ í ∞« Ѩ_"¤» å_»∞† HÍÅ∞_»∞ ´ Ü«∞=Ú_»∞ Meaning: When a man dies he is buried in the earth. He becomes one with it. When man says “This land is mine” will the earth not be amused at his foolishness? Wealth never stays steady at a single place for too long. Today it is with one man and tomorrow with another. Thus when a man says “This wealth is mine” it is very amusing as he has to leave it one day, ironically, too. A soldier afraid to die in battle deserts the army in the midst of fighting and perhaps dies later. The Lord of Death is certainly amused at a man trying to flee from certain death. This shows there is nothing in this world that really belongs to man. Desert (verb) = ÉÏ^躌 `« #∞O_ç áêiáÈ=Ù@† Desert (nown) ´ Z_®i Moral: Nothing belongs to a man on this earth. He is only a traveller, who comes stays for a while, and leaves after a short sojourn. Sojourn = temporary stay at a place

V 195. Hõeã≤ Pi˚OK«∞H˘O^Œ=Ú *Ï˝#â◊HΘ Hõeã≤ rqO`«, "≥∞=iÃÑ· HõHõΔÖËHõ, Hõeã≤ ™êkèOK«∞^Œ=Ú, g~° HÍ~°º=ÚÅ#∞ Hõeã≤, ~°H˜ΔOK«∞H˘O^Œ=∞„Hõ=∞=Ú #∞O_ç. – Dâß"å㨺 LѨx+¨`∞« Î `≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

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ÉèÏ=O : =∞#=∞O^Œ~O° Hõeã≤ *Ï˝<åxfl ã¨OáêkOK«∞H˘O^•O. Z=fii g∞^Œ ^Õfi+¨O ÖˉΩõ O_» Hõeã≤ rq^•Ì~. SHõ=∞`«ºO`À =∞ǨÏ`å¯~åºÅ#∞ ™êkè^•ÌO. J„Hõ=∂Å#∞O_ç =∞#efl =∞#O ~°HOΔ˜ K«∞H˘O^•O. Wk Dâß"å㨺 LѨx+¨`∞« Î „Ѩɒ^èOŒ . hu : JO^Œ~∂° Hõeã≤ rq^•ÌO. =∞#efl =∞#O ~°HOΔ˜ K«∞H˘O^•O. Meaning: All men should work and earn together. All should live in harmony with no ill-will towards one another. United, they can achieve great things. All should protect themselves from injustice. This is the wisdom of the Isavasya Upanishad. Moral: All should live together and protect one another.

V 196. á⁄OyáÈ=_»∞ ã¨∞Y=ÚÅ∞ á⁄Ok#ѨÙ_»∞ „‰õΩOyáÈ_»∞ ^Œ∞óY=Ú‡ ÃÑ·H˘#fl Ü«∞ѨÙ_»∞ ÉèíÜ«∞=Ú, ~åQÆ=Ú „HÀ^èŒ=Ú‡ =^ŒÅ∞"å_»∞ J=xÖ’# ã≤÷`«„ѨA˝_»#QÆ|~°QÆ∞. – ÉèíQÆ=næ`« ã¨∂H˜Î ÉèÏ=O : ã¨∞MÏefl á⁄Ok#ѨC_»∞ á⁄OyáÈ~å^Œ∞. HõëêìÅ∞ =zÛ#ѨÙ_»∞ „‰õΩOyáÈ~å^Œ∞. ÉèÜ í ∂« xfl, ~åQÍxfl, HÀáêxfl =^ŒeÃÑ\Ïìe. J\˜ì QÆ∞}ÏÅ∞ Hõey# "åxx ã≤`÷ „« ѨA_˝ O» \Ï~°∞. Wk ÉèQí =Æ næ`å "åHõºO. hu : Hõ+ãì¨ ∞¨ MÏÅ∞, HÍ=_ç ‰õΩO_»Å∞. "å\˜H˜ ZѨC_»∂ K«eOK«‰Äõ _»^∞Œ . Meaning: One who is never overjoyed with the good things in life, never loses heart, when troubles overwhelm him. Fear, attachment and anger are discarded by him. Such a one is called a truly steady man. This is a precept of the Bhagavat Gita. Moral: Joy and sorrow should never distrub a steady, enlightened man.

V 197. ѨÙ#∞QÆ∞Ñ≤e¡ˆHŠѨÙ\˜ìOK≥ "åã¨#Öò Hõ#Hõ=Ú `«#Hˆ q∞ HõÅ*¡ ãË ≤ Z=iHõ~=÷° ∞ø#∞ D „|ǨχKÕ`Å« ∞ qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞!

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ÉèÏ=O : XHõ ã¨fiÅÊrqÜ≥∞ÿ # ѨÙ#∞QÆ∞ Ñ≤ex¡ ã¨∞"åã¨#`À ã¨$+≤Oì z<å_»∞ „|Ǩχ^Õ=Ù_»∞. JO^Œ~∞° HÀ~°∞H˘x Éè∂í +¨}=ÚÅ∞QÍ ^èiŒ OKÕ |OQÍ~åxH˜ ã¨∞"åã¨# HõeÊOK«Ö^Ë ∞Œ . „|Ǩχ^Õ=Ùx KÕ`Å« ∞ Z=fiiH˜ J~°O÷ HÍxq. hu : ã¨$+≤ì ~°ÇϨ ™êºÅ∞ J~°O÷ HÍ=Ù. Meaning: The Lord Brahma has created the small civet cat with its fragrance. Gold which is desired by one and all, to wear as ornaments, has no fragrance. No one can delve deep and understand the acts of the Creator Brahma. Delve = dig Moral: It is impossible to understand the mysteries of creation.

V 198. Éèí∂q∞ ¿Ñ~°∞ =Å¡, ѨÙ}ºˆHΔ„`«=Ú ÖÏÜ≥∞ "≥ÅÜ«∞ ~åà◊¡ =Å¡, "ÕÅ∞ÊÖÏÜ≥∞ hà◊¡ ¿Ñ~°∞ =Å¡, xdÅ f~°÷=Ú ÖÏÜ≥∞, qâ◊fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~°"Õ=∞! ÉèÏ=O : Éè∂í q∞ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ =∞ǨÏ`«Î fiO =Å¡ ѨÙ}ºˆH„Δ `åʼnõΩ, ~åà◊¡ tÅÊ "≥É· =íè O =Å¡ q„QÆÇϨ ~°∂ѨOÖ’ =Ù#fl ^Õ=`å=¸~°∞ÅÎ ‰õΩ, hà◊¡ =Å¡ ѨÙ}ºf~å÷ʼnõΩ qÅ∞=ÖË~Ê° _ç<å~Ú QÍx, "å\˜H˜ ã¨fiÜ«∞OQÍ qÅ∞=Å∞ ÖË=Ù. hu : Éè∂í q∞ =Å¡ ѨÙ}ºˆH„Δ `åÅ∞, ~åà◊§ =Å¡ ^Õ=`å=¸~°∞ÅÎ ∞, hà◊§=Å¡ ѨÙ}ºf~å÷Å∞ U~°Ê_®¤~Ú JO>Ë =¸Å Ѩ^•~°"÷ ∞Õ =ÚYº=∞x J~°O÷ . Meaning: Holy places of pilgrimage are flourishing because of the sanctity and the power of the place, because of the sacred idols of the deities, and the sacred waters of the rivers. Sacred = holy Moral: Holy places arose because of the place; sculpted idols of divinities have come from the stones and centres of pilgrimages have arisen along the banks of the rivers. The reason why all these have gained importance has to be understood.

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199. xÜ«∞`« `«Ñ=¨ Ú#∞ xO„kÜ«∞ x„QÆÇϨ O|∞ Éè∂í i q^ŒºÜ«Ú âßOuH˜ HÍ~°}=ÚÅ∞ "åx Ü«∞xflO\˜HOõ >ˇ "Õ∞Öˇ#· âßOu HÍ~°}=Ú Ö’Éèí =Ú_»∞QÆ∞@ H“~°"OÕ „^Œ! – PO„^è=Œ ∞ǨÉèÏ~°`O« ÉèÏ=O : x+¨`ª À `«Ñ㨠∞¨ û KÕÜ∞« _»O, WO„kÜ«∂Å#∞ x„QÆÇÏ≤ OK«_O» , L#fl`« q^Œº, âßOuH˜ HÍ~°}ÏÅ∞. âßOuH˜, "åx JxflO\˜HOõ >ˇ "Õ∞Öˇ#· HÍ~°}O Ö’ÉèÏxfl qã¨iO˚ K«_O» . HÍ|\˜ì âßOuHÍ=Ú‰õΩÅ∞, Ö’ÉèQí ∞Æ }Ïxfl =^ŒÅ∞HÀ"åe. hu : Ö’Éè`í fi« O =^ŒÅ∞H˘O>Ë âßOu Åaèã∞¨ OÎ k. Meaning: Performing penance with great devotion, acquiring perfect control over the senses, and deep learning are all for the peace of mind. Above all it is overcoming selfishness that is a must to have peace. Hence those who desire peace must overcome selfishness and engage themselves in selfless service. Moral: If selfishness is overcome, one can enjoy peace of mind.

V 200. Z=i HõO@|_»H,õ Ü≥∞Å¡~K° ^Õ =·≥ =∞#fl ¿Ñ~° ѨÓ[ÅO^Œ∞H˘#∞K«∞ JÅ~°∞K«∞#fl "åx J^Œ∞ƒù`b« ÖHÍ â◊Û~°º=∞O^Œ∞ K«∞O_≥ ã¨~°fi[QÆu. – ã¨`º« O t=O ã¨∞O^Œ~O° ÉèÏ=O : Z=fiiH© Hõ#|_»‰Ωõ O_® =ÙO@∂, JO^ŒiKÕ Ñ¨Ó[ÅO^Œ∞H˘O@∞#fl ^≥=· O Ü≥ÚHõ¯ J^Œ∞ƒù`« bÅÅ∞ K«∂ã≤ Ö’HõO Pâ◊Û~°ºáÈ`«∞#flk. hu : Z=fiiH© Hõ#Ê_»‰Ωõ O_®, ZÅ¡iKÕ Ñ¨Ó[ÅO^Œ∞H˘<Õ ^≥=· O, XHõ =∞Ǩ^Œ∞ƒù`O« . Meaning: Never seen by anyone, but worshipped by all, the Lord remains the ultimate wonder. Moral: God is an enigma and can not be understood by man.

÷ HÍx enigma = J~°O

V 136

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

QÆ^Œº ÉèÏQÆO

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

137

138

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

15. ã¨OѨÓ~°‚ huK«O„kHõ – hu ã¨∂‰õΩÎÅ∞ 1.

QÆ∞}=O`«∞ÅÖ’ „Ѩ^äŒ=∞QÆ}∞º_»∞ QÍx H˘_»∞‰õΩ#∞ QÆ#fl `«e¡HõO>ˇ "Õ~°∞ Q˘„_®Å∞ QÆÅ^•? QÆ∞}=O`«∞_»~Ú# Ѩل`«∞_˘Hõ_»∞ KåÅ∞#∞. =¸~°∞öÅ∞ #∂~°∞QÆ∞~°=Å# Ѷ¨Å"Õ∞q∞? XHõ ~°`fl« =Ú`À QÆ∞ÅHõ~åÅ∞ QÆOÃÑ_»~Ú##∞ ã¨iQÍ=Ù.

ÉèÏ=O : QÆ∞}=O`«∞ÅÖ’ J„QÆQ} Æ ∞º_»∞ HÍx H˘_»∞‰õΩ#∞ Hõ#fl `«e¡ Q˘„_®Å∞`À ã¨=∂#O. QÆ∞}=O`«∞_≥#· ‰õΩ=∂~°∞_»∞ XHõ¯_≥<· å KåÅ∞. #∂~°∞~æ ∞° =¸~°∞Åö =Å# „ѨÜ∂≥ [#O ÖË^∞Œ . QÆ∞ÅHõ~åà◊√¡ QÆOÃÑ_≥<· å, XHõ ~°`fl« O`À ã¨=∂#O HÍ=Ù. hu : |∞kú=∞O`«∞_≥#· XHõ a_»¤ KåÅ∞. "åºMϺ#O : JÜ≥∂QÆ∞ºÖˇ#· Ѩل`«∞Å#∞ QÆ∂iÛ `«O„_ç Ѩ_Õ ÉÏ^è#Œ ∞ QÆ∂iÛ ~ÚHõ¯_» K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. áê@b Ѩل`« #QÆ~åxfl áêeOKÕ ã¨∞^Œ~≈° #∞_»<Õ ~åA, `«# ‰õΩ=∂~°∞Å∞, =¸~°∞Öö ,·ˇ q^•º|∞^Œ∞Åú ∞ <Õ~∞° ÛH˘#Hõ, P@áê@Ö’¡ HÍÅO "≥à§◊ |∞K«∞Û`«∂ ™È=∞~°∞Å∞QÍ =Ù#fl ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’, "åix `«ÅOK«∞H˘x, qKå~°O`À ~ÚÖÏ JO\Ï_»∞. QÆ∞}=O`«∞ÅÖ’ „Ѩ^=Œä Ú_»∞QÍx Ѩل`«∞x Hõ#fl`«e¡ Q˘„_®Å∞`À ã¨=∂#O. QÆ∞}=O`«∞_≥#· XHõ Ѩل`«∞_»∞ KåÅ∞ J`«_∞» =OâßxH˜ H©iÎ „Ѩu+¨Åª ∞ `≥zÛ ÃÑ_®Î_∞» . =¸~°∞Åö ∞ #∂~°∞QÆ∞~°∞O_ç ѶŨ O ÖË^∞Œ . Zxfl QÆ∞ÅHõ~åà‹#¡ , XHõ ~°`fl« O`À ã¨=∂#O HÍ=Ù. Meaning: A woman can be considered as a barren woman, if her son is not good and honest, and a man of good character. A good son, if he is a man of integrity and honour, it matters very little if he is an only son. It is useless to have a hundred foolish sons. How can a basketful of pebbles be compared in worth, to one precious gem? Moral: It is worth having a single son, if he is good and honourable rather than having a hundred worthless sons.

V 2.

a_»Å¤ ‰õΩ q^•ºÉèϺã¨=Ú KÕ~ÚOѨq∞ `«e^¡ OŒ „_»∞Å ^À+¨=Ú. `«e^¡ OŒ „_»∞ÅKÕ`« tH˜`Δ ∞« O_»~Ú ÉÏÅ∞_»∞ q^•fiOã¨∞_»QÆ∞#∞ QÍx, ѨÙ@ìQÍ<Õ q^•fiOã¨∞_»∞ QÍ_»∞.ѨÙ~°∞+¨HÍ~°=Ú KÕ`« QÍ~°º=ÚÅ∞ ã≤kOú K«∞#∞. i`«Î HÀiHõÅKÕ`« ã≤kOú Ѩ=Ù. x„kOK«∞ ã≤OǨÏ=Ú <À~° =∞$QÆ=ÚÅ∞ `«=∞O`« =zÛ K˘~°=Ù.

ÉèÏ=O : x„kOKÕ ã≤OǨÏO PǨ~åxfl ã¨OáêkOK«∞HÀÖË^∞Œ . P ã≤OǨÏO <À\˜ ^ŒQ~æÆ ‰° Ωõ [O`«∞=ÙÅ∞ `«=∞O`« `å=Ú =zÛ KÕ~=° Ù. ѨÙ~°∞+¨ „ѨÜ∞« `«flO ÖˉΩõ O_® HÍ~åºÅ∞ ã≤kOú Ѩ=Ù. a_»¤ ѨÙ@ìQÍ<Õ q^•fiOã¨∞_»∞ HÍÖË_∞» . `«e^¡ OŒ „_»∞Å∞ P a_»‰¤ Ωõ q^•ºÉèϺã¨O KÕ~ÚOKåe. KÕ~ÚOK«‰Ωõ O_® =ÙO_»@O `«e^¡ OŒ „_»∞Å `«Ñʨ =Ù`«∞Ok.

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

139

hu : „ѨÜ∞« `«flO ÖˉΩõ O_®, U Ѩh ™êQÆ^∞Œ . "åºMϺ#O : `«=∞ Ñ≤ÅÅ¡ ‰õΩ q^•º|∞^Œ∞Åú ∞ <ÕiÊOK«_®xH˜ `«e^¡ OŒ „_»∞Å∞ „â◊^úŒ =Ç≤ÏOK«Hõ áÈ=_»O "åi `«Ñʨ =Ù`«∞O^Œx ~ÚK«Û@ `≥eÜ«∞KÕÜ∞« |_çOk. Ñ≤ÅÅ¡ ∞ J„ѨÜ∂≥ [‰õΩÅ=Ù`«∞<åfl~°x `«e^¡ OŒ „_»∞Å∞, T~°Hõ zOuOz LѨÜ∂≥ QÆO ÖË^∞Œ . "åix =∞Oz QÆ∞~°∞=Ù ^ŒQ~æÆ ° KÕiÊOz q^•º|∞^Œ∞Åú ∞ <ÕiÊOK«_O» `«e^¡ OŒ „_»∞Å ÉÏ^躌 `«. „ѨÜ∞« `«flO ÖˉΩõ O_», U Ѩx ™êQÆ^∞Œ . L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ x„kOKÕ ã≤OǨÏO <À\˜ ^ŒQ~æÆ ‰° Ωõ , =∞$QÍÅ∞ `«=∞O`« =zÛ PǨ~°O HÍ=Ù QÆ^•. D q^èOŒ QÍ zOuOz# ã¨∞^Œ~≈° #∞_»<Õ ~åA, `«# ‰õΩ=∂~°∞ʼnõΩ hu É’^èŒ KÕÜ∞« =∞x q+¨μâ‚ ~◊ ‡° #∞ „áêi÷™êÎ_∞» . q+¨μâ‚ ~◊ ‡° , q∞„`«ÖÏÉèOí , q∞„`«É^Ëè OŒ , q„QÆÇϨ O, ã¨Okè J<Õ q+¨Ü∂« Å#∞, Ѩ‰ΩΔõ efl, [O`«∞=Ùefl áê„`«Å∞QÍ KÕã,≤ q<À^ŒÑÓ¨ i`«OQÍ Hõ^ÅŒä ^•fi~å qxÑ≤Oz, hux É’kè™êÎ_∞» . Meaning: A sleeping lion cannot hope to get its food. Animals cannot, and will not walk into its mouth. No man can earn or achieve without effort. A child cannot straight away become a scholar, right at birth. The parents have to educate the child with care. Imparting education to a growing child is the prime duty of the parents. They fail in their duty if they do not do so. Moral: Nothing can be achieved without effort

V 3.

D~嬺à◊√=Ù, AQÆ∞áêû=O`«∞_»∞, xã¨ûO`À+≤, „HÀ^èŒ#∞_»∞, x`«ºâ◊OH˜`«∞_»∞ Ѩ~°ÉèÏQÀºÑ¨ rqÜ«Ú ##∞"å ~å~°∞QÆ∞~°∞ ^Œ∞óYÉÏQÆ∞Åx huHÀq^Œ∞Å∞ K≥ѨC^Œ∞~°∞.

ÉèÏ=O : XHõ~∞° ÉÏQÆ∞O>Ë K«∂_»ÖxË D~嬺Ѩ~∞° _»∞, "Õ+O¨ Ö’ ÉèÏ+¨Ö’ ~À`«QÍ =ÙO_ç, ~Ú`«~∞° ʼnõΩ Jã¨ÇϨ ºO HõeæOKÕ [QÆ∞áêû=O`«∞_»∞, Uq∞zÛ<å, ZO`« ~ÚzÛ<å `«$Ñ≤Î ÖˉõΩO_® =ÙO_Õ xã¨ûO`À+≤, ZѨC_»∞#∞ HÀѨO`À =ÙO_Õ „HÀ^è#Œ ∞_»∞, Jxfl q+¨Ü∂« ÅÖ’ ZÅ¡ÑC¨ _»∞ ã¨O^ÕÇϨ O "≥e|∞KÕÛ x`«ºâ◊OH˜`∞« _»∞, XHõi ™êÜ«∞O g∞^Œ P^è•~°Ñ_¨ ç „|kˆH Ѩ~É° Ïè QÀºÑ¨rq. D P~°∞QÆ∞~°∞ ZѨC_»∞ ^Œ∞óYOÖ’ =ÙO\Ï~°x ÃÑ^ŒÅÌ ∞ K≥|∞`å~°∞. hu : ^Œ∞~°∞} æ ÏÅ∞ =^ŒÅHõáÈ`Õ ^Œ∞óYO áêÖ∫`å~°∞. "åºMϺ#O : Wk q∞„`«ÖÏÉèOí Ö’x Hõ^.Œä „ѨÜ∂≥ [#O ÖËx ã¨O^ÕÇ¨ Å`À <À\˜HOõ k# ‰õÄ\˜x =∂#∞H˘<Õ x`«º â◊OH˜`∞« _»∞ ^Œ∞óYO áêÖ∫`å_»x ~ÚHõ¯_» K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. H˘xfl áê=Ù~åÅ∞ J_»qÖ’ ZQÆ∞~°∞`«∂ =ÙO_»QÍ „H˜O^Œ <ÕÅ g∞^Œ H˘xfl #∂HõÅ∞ Hõ#Ѩ_®¤~Ú. WO^Œ∞Ö’ U^À "≥∂ã¨=ÚO^Œx #∂HõÅHÍâ◊Ñ_¨ =» ^ŒxÌ áê=Ù~åÅ <åÜ«∞‰õΩ_»∞ z„`«„w=Ù_»O\Ï_»∞. HÍx XHõ =Úã¨e áê=Ù~°O #qfi, =$^Œ∞_ú #·≥ <å =∂@ q#O_ç. J~°O÷ ÖËx ã¨O^ÕÇ¨ ʼnõΩ áÈ~Ú <À\˜HOõ k# PǨ~åxfl =^ŒÅ∞HÀ=^ŒxÌ K≥ÑÙ¨ `«∞Ok. D~嬺Ѩ~∞° _»∞, "Õ+ɨ Ïè +¨Ö’¡ ~À`«QÍ =ÙO_Õ"å_»∞, ^ÕxH˜x `«$Ñ≤ÑÎ _¨ x» "å_»∞, =Ú‰õΩ¯g∞^Œ<Õ HÀѨO =ÙO_Õ"å_»∞. W`«~∞° ÅÃÑ· P^è•~°Ñ_¨ ç rqOKÕ"å_»∞, „Ѩu^•xH˜ ã¨O^ÕÇϨ O "≥e|∞KÕÛ"å_»∞. ^Œ∞óYO áêÖ∫`å~°x K≥ÑÙ¨ OÎ k.

140

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

Meaning: A man full of jealousy, a man who is unkempt in appearance, always miserable, ill-tempered, forever doubting everything and always dependent on others for his needs, are the six types of unpleasant men can never find happiness. Moral: An immoral man who has no control over himself can never be happy.

V 4.

Z=fi_»∞ |∞kú=∞O`«∞_À "å_»∞ =$^Œ∞ú_»∞ QÍx, ÜÕ∞O_»∞¡ g∞i# "å_® =$^Œ∞ú_»∞?

ÉèÏ=O : UO_»∞¡ ÃÑ|· _ç#O`«=∂„`å#, XHõ}‚˜ =$^Œ∞_ú #» ÖË=Ú. Z=_≥`· Õ |∞kú=∞O`«∞_À, J`«xfl =$^Œ∞_ú x» Ñ≤Å"åe. =$^Œ∞_ú O» >Ë *Ï˝#OÖ’ =$^Œ∞_ú ∞» QÍx =Ü«∞ã¨∞ûÖ’ HÍ^Œ∞. hu : *Ï˝#=$^Œ∞_ú Õ =$^Œ∞_ú ∞» . "åºMϺ#O : =Úã¨e áê=Ù~°O =∂@Å∞ qx #∂HõÅ HÀã¨O „H˜O^Œ „"åe, JHõ¯_» "Õ@HÍ_»∞ Ѩ~z° =Ù#fl =ÅÖ’ áê=Ù~åÅ∞ z‰õΩ¯H˘O\Ï~Ú. Jq =Úã¨e áê=Ù~åxfl K«∂z, h=Ù =$^Œ∞_ú =» Ù `≥eã≤#"å_»=x #q∞‡ h =∂@Å∞ qx, ~¸ Hõ+Oì¨ `≥K∞« ÛH˘<åflO. Z=fi_»∞ |∞kú=∞O`«∞_À "å_»∞ =$^Œ∞_ú ∞» QÍx, UO_»∞¡ =zÛ#"å_»∞ =$^Œ∞_ú ∞» HÍ_»∞ Jx xOk™êÎ~Ú. Meaning: Growing in years does not always mean that a man is mature in thought. Only a wise man, is mature in his thought and behavior. It is not with age but with wisdom that a man’s maturity can be determined. Moral: Only a wise man is a mature in his thinking.

V 5.

`«#∞fl =∂e# ^èŒ~°‡=Ú, "≥Ú^ŒÅ∞K≥_»¤ ÉË~°=Ú.

ÉèÏ=O : `«##∞ `å#∞ ~°H˜ΔOK«∞HÀÖËx "å_»∞, W`«~°∞Å#∞ ~°H˜ΔOK«|∂#_»O Jã¨Å∞ˆH "≥∂ã¨O. h\˜Ö’ =ÚxyáÈ`«∞#fl XHõ =ºH˜,Î hà◊Ö¡ ’ =ÚxyáÈ`«∞#fl =∞~˘Hõ =ºH˜xÎ HÍáê_»|∂#_»O W@∞=O\˜^.Õ hu : x#∞fl h=Ù ~°HOΔ˜ K«∞HÀÖËHáõ È`Õ, W`«~∞° Å#∞ ~°HOΔ˜ K«Ö=Ë Ù. "åºMϺ#O : SHõ=∞`«ºO`À ã¨=∞~°"÷ ∞≥ #ÿ , <åÜ«∞Hõ`fi« O`À ѨxKÕ¿ãÎ q[Ü«∞O Åaèã∞¨ OÎ ^Œx ~ÚHõ¯_» K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. =Úã¨e áê=Ù~åxfl xOkã¨∞#Î fl áê=Ù~åÅ`À, áê=Ù~åÅ <åÜ«∞‰õΩ_çÖÏ JO\Ï_»∞. =Úã¨e "åxx xOkOz =ÙѨÜ∂≥ QÆ"∞Õ =ÚOk. „Ѩã∞¨ `Î « Hõ~=ΰ ºO PÖ’zOK«O_ç. JO^Œ~=° Ú XHõ¯™êiQÍ =ÅÜ≥∞`«∞HÎ ˘x ZyiáÈ^•O. JѨC_»∞ áê=Ù~åÅxfl =ÅÜ≥∞`«∞HÎ ˘x PHÍâ◊OÖ’H˜ ZyiáÈ~Ú, áê=Ù~åÅ <åÜ«∞‰õΩx q∞„`«∞_≥#· Ç≤Ï~°}º‰õΩ_»<Õ ZÅ∞Hõ ~åA HõÅ∞QÆ∞ ^ŒQ~æÆ ° PQÆ∞`å~Ú. =Å#∞ H˘iH˜ =ÚO^Œ∞QÍ `«# P„t`«∞Öˇ#· áê=Ù~åÅ#∞ q_çÑO≤ z `«~åfi`« `«##∞ q_çÑO≤ K«=∞x áê=Ù~åÅ <åÜ«∞‰õΩ_»∞ ZÅ∞Hõ ~åA#∞ J_»∞QÆ∞`å_»∞. JO^Œ∞‰õΩ, `«#∞fl=∂e# `≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

141

^è~Œ ‡° O "≥Ú^ŒÅ∞ K≥_ɤ» ~Ë O° QÆÅ^• Jx, ZÅ∞Hõ~åA „Ѩtfl™êÎ_∞» . L`«=Î Ú_≥#· "å_»∞. `«# rq`å<≥fl· <å =∂#∞H˘x, =∞Oz"åix ~°HOΔ˜ K«=ÖˇQ^Æ • Jx z„`«„w=Ù_»O\Ï_»∞. ZÅ∞Hõ~åA `«# ѨO_»`¡ À =Å#∞ "≥Ú`«OÎ H˘iH˜ Jxfl áê=Ù~åÅ#∞ q_çÑ™≤ êÎ_∞» . Meaning: If a man neglects to help himself, it is foolish to presume, that he can help others. Presume = take for granted Moral: If one cannot take care of himself he cannot help others.

V 6.

J~°Ñ÷ i¨ Ç‘Ï#∞#‰õΩ x~°O`«~=° Ú MË^=Œ Ú ã¨OÉèqí OK«∞#∞. x~°O`«~° MË^=Œ Ú =Å# |∞kú Ç‘Ï#`«fi=Ú „áêÑ≤ÎOK«∞#∞. |∞kúÇ‘Ï#`« =Å# ã¨=∞ã¨Î HÍ~°º=ÚÅ∞ x^•Ñ¶¨∞#nѨÓ~°=Ú Å@∞¡ q<åâ◊=Ú <˘O^Œ∞#∞. ^èŒ#=O`«∞#ˆH áœ~°∞+¨=Ú#∞, "Õ∞^è•ã¨OѨuÎÜ«Ú, |O^èŒ∞q∞„`«∞Å∞#∞ QÆÅ∞QÆ∞^Œ∞~°∞.

ÉèÏ=O : ^è#Œ O ÖËx "åxH˜ kQÆ∞Å∞ Ѩ@∞ì‰Ωõ O@∞Ok. kQÆ∞Å∞ =Å¡, |∞kú #tã¨∞OÎ k. |∞kú #tOz#O^Œ∞=Å¡ J`«_∞» KÕ¿ã Ѩ#∞Åhfl, "Õãq¨ HÍÅOÖ’ U\’¡ ZO_çáÈ~Ú# hà◊¡ ÖÏQÍ #+¨"ì ∞≥ áÿ È`å~Ú. HÍ|\˜ì ^è#Œ =Ú#fl "åxˆH áœ~°∞+¨O, |O^è∞Œ =ÙÅ`À ã¨ÇϨ "åã¨O U~°Ê_»∞`å~Ú. hu : '^è#Œ =¸Å q∞^ŒO [QÆ`—ü Jx `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ"åe. "åºMϺ#O : ^è#Œ O áÈQ˘@∞ìH˘#fl"å_»∞, Z\˜ì MË^•xH˜ QÆ∞i J=Ù`å_À ~ÚHõ¯_» K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ, áê=Ù~åÅ#∞ =Å #∞O_ç `«ÑÊ≤ Oz# ZÅ∞Hõ ~åA Ç≤Ï~°}º‰õΩ_»∞ ^è#Œ O áÈQ˘@∞ìH˘x ZÖÏ n#ã≤u÷ H˜ kQÆ*Ï~å_À ~ÚHõ¯_» K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. ÅѶڨ Ѩ`#« Hõ=∞<Õ HÍH˜, ZÅ∞Hõ ~å*ˇ#· Ç≤Ï~°}º‰õΩx, ¿ãflǨxfl HÀ~°∞`«∞Ok. HÍH˜, ZÅ∞Hõ ¿ãflÇ≤Ï`«∞Ö∫`å~°∞. "åi^Œ~Ì ∞° =∞Oz PǨ~°O ^˘iˆH ã¨Å÷ OÖ’ =Ù#fl =∞O^ä~Œ ∞° _»<Õ ¿Ñ~°∞ QÆÅ `åÉËÅ∞ =^Œ‰Ì Ωõ KÕ~∞° H˘O\Ï~°∞. HÍH˜, ZÅ∞Hõ, `åÉËÅ∞ Hõeã≤ ¿ãflǨÏO`À rqã¨∞OÎ \Ï~Ú. `åÉËÅ∞, ZÅ∞Hõ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ ѨÓ~°fi =$`åÎO`åxfl J_çy `≥Å∞ã¨∞H˘O@∞Ok. ZÅ∞Hõ, K«∂_®Hõ~∞° _‚ <» Õ ã¨<åºã≤ P„â◊=∞O ^ŒQ~æÆ ° HõÅ∞QÆ∞Ö’ x=ã≤ã∞¨ OÎ _Õk. P HõÅ∞QÆ∞Ö’ z~°HÍÅOQÍ ã¨OáêkOz# PǨ~åxfl xÅ∞=KÕã∞¨ H˘#flk. K«∂_®Hõ~∞° _‚ ∞» u#QÍ q∞ye# PǨ~åxfl XHõ zÅ∞Hõ H˘Ü«∞º g∞^Œ ÃÑ>Ë"ì å_»∞. ZÅ∞Hõ zÅ∞Hõ H˘Ü«∞º g∞kH˜ Zyi, P PǨ~åxfl uO@∞O_Õk. ZÅ∞Hõ‰Ωõ , JO`« ÃÑH· ˜ Zyˆ~ â◊HΘ ~å=_®xH˜ HÍ~°}O Jk HõÅ∞QÆ∞Ö’ ‰õÄ_»É@ ˇ ∞ìH˘#fl Pã≤Î Jx „QÆÇÏ≤ Oz# ã¨<åºã≤, HõÅ∞QÆ∞#∞ „`«qfi Pã≤xÎ fã¨∞‰õΩO\Ï_»∞. ^ŒQ~æÆ ‰° Ωõ =zÛ# ZÅ∞Hõ#∞ Hõ„~°`À H˘@ìE™êÎ_∞» . D q^èOŒ QÍ Pã≤xÎ HÀÖ’Ê~Ú# ZÅ∞Hõ n#ã≤u÷ H˜ kQÆ*Ï~°∞`«∞Ok. Meaning: A poor man is a worried man. His worry causes him anxiety and he cannot really think clearly. As he is unable to plan properly, whatever he undertakes ends in failure. All his attempts fail, like water in a river drying up in summer. This verse makes it clear, that only a man, who has wealth is able to win the respect of all. 142

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

Moral: Wealth is vital to live in this world.

V 7.

ã¨O™ê~° q+¨ =$Hõ=Δ Ú#‰õΩ ~Ô O_»∞ ѶŨ =Ú Å=∞$`« `«∞ź=ÚÅ∞. HÍ"åº=∞$`« ~°ãᨠê#"≥ÚHõ¯\˜ ã¨[#˚ ã¨OQÆu Ü≥ÚHõ\ .˜

ÉèÏ=O : ã¨O™ê~° r=#=∞<Õk |Ǩï HõëêìÅ`À ‰õÄ_»∞H˘#flk. Wk q+¨ =$HõOΔ ÖÏO\˜k. J~Ú<å ^•xH˜ J=∞$`«OÖÏQÍ =∞^èŒ∞~°"≥∞ÿ# Ô~O_»∞ Ѷ¨ÖÏÅ∞<åfl~Ú. "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜k =∞Oz Hõq`«#∞ K«kq JO^Œe ~°™êxfl P™êfikOK«_O» , ~Ô O_»=k ã¨[#˚ ∞Öˇ#· "åi`À ¿ãflǨÏO KÕÜ∞« _»O. D ~Ô O_»∞ =∞x+≤H˜ =∞ǨÏ^•#O^•xfl Hõe™æ êÎ~Ú. hu : Hõq`«Å∞ K«^∞Œ =ÙHÀ, ã¨[#˚ ∞Å#∞ HõÅ∞ã¨∞HÀ. "åºMϺ#O : `åÉËÅ∞, ã¨ÇϨ "åã¨O =Å¡ ã¨∞Yr=<åxfl á⁄Ok# ZÅ∞Hõ, `åÉËÅ∞‰õΩ Hõ$`«[`˝ « `≥eÜ«∞KÕã∂¨ ,Î ã¨O™ê~° q+¨=$HΔÍxH˜, ã¨`¯« q`«#∞ q#_»O, ã¨[#˚ ∞Å ™êOQÆ`åºxfl á⁄O^Œ_O» ~Ô O_»∞ J=∞$`« Ѷ֨ ÏÅx K≥ÑÙ¨ OÎ k. Meaning: Mundane existence in this world is like a tree of poison. Strangely it puts forth two wonderful fruits as sweet as nectar. One is the ability to read and enjoy beautiful poetry, and the other is the opportunity to have the company of good and great men. Both give immense happiness to any human being. Mundane existence = worldly, earthly Puts forth = puts forward Nectar = sweet to taste Immense = vast, unlimited Moral: Learn to enjoy beautiful poetry and the company of great men.

V 8.

ѨÙ~°∞+¨μ_≥=fi_»∞ „H˜Ü«∂=O`«∞_À "å_»∞ q^•fiOã¨∞_»∞. ~ÀQÆ∞Å H“+¨^èŒ=Ú ¿Ñ~°∞ K≥Ñ≤Ê# =∂„`«=Ú# ~ÀQÆâßOu QÍÉ’^Œ∞. q"ÕHõÇ‘Ï#∞xH˜ âßG*Ï˝#=Ú „QÆ∞_ç¤"åxH˜ ã¨fiǨÏã¨Î nѨ=Ú=Öˇ x+¨ÊùÅ=Ú.

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ÉèÏ=O : „H˜Ü∂« jÅ`« =Å¡<Õ HÍ~°ºO ™êkèOK«=K«∞Û. =∞O^Œ∞ ¿Ñ~°∞ K≥ÑÊ≤ #O`« =∂„`å# ~Ày [|∞ƒ #Ü«∞O HÍ^Œ∞. KÕuÖ’ nѨ=Ú<åfl, „QÆ∞_ç¤ "å_»∞ K«∂_»Ö_Ë ∞» . JÖψQ âßG *Ï˝#O =Ù<åfl, q"ÕHOõ ÖËx"å_»∞ ^•xx LѨÜ≥∂yOK«∞HÀÖË_»∞. hu : âßG*Ï˝<åxfl ã¨~Ô #· q^èOŒ QÍ LѨÜ∂≥ yOz#ѨC_Õ „ѨÜ∂≥ [#O LO@∞Ok. "åºMϺ#O : „H˜Ü∂« jÅ`«fiO Ü≥ÚHõ¯ „ѨÜ∂≥ [<åxfl QÆ∂iÛ ~ÚK«Û@ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. `åÉËÅ∞ `«#`À ã¨ÇϨ "åã¨O KÕã∞¨ #Î fl Ü≥∞Å∞Hõ‰Ωõ Ç≤Ï`åxfl, ~ÚÖÏ LѨ^tÕ ã¨∞OÎ k. q∞„`«=∂! QÆ`åxfl „`«=ÙfiH˘x h=Ù kQÆ∞Å∞ Ѩ_=» ^Œ∞.Ì ã¨^• h=Ù L`åûǨÏO`À =ÙO_®e. âßGO K«kq`Õ ã¨iáÈ^Œ∞. „H˜Ü∂« je"≥· „ѨuHÍ~°ºOÖ’ q[Ü«∞O ™êkèOKåe. q"ÕHÇõ Ï‘ #∞_çH˜ âßG*Ï˝#O „QÆ∞_ç"¤ åx KÕuÖ’ nѨO =Öˇ x¢+ʨ Ü≥∂[#O JO@∂ „H˜Ü∂« jÅ`« Ü≥∞\˜^ì À „H˜Ok q^èOŒ QÍ ZÅ∞Hõ KÕã≤ K«∂Ñ≤ã∞¨ OÎ k. `åÉËÅ∞, ZÅ∞Hõ, HÍH˜ x=ã≤ã∞¨ #Î fl „Ѩ^âÕ ßxH˜ "Õ@HÍx`À `«~∞° =∞|_»¤ z„`åOQÆ∞_»<Õ lOHõ =zÛ "åi P„â◊Ü∞« O HÀ~°∞`«∞Ok. "å~°∞ lOHõ‰Ωõ P„â◊Ü∞« q∞™êÎ~∞° . JѨÊ\˜ #∞O_ç #Å∞QÆ∞~°∞ Hõeã≤ Ǩ~ÚQÍ =ÙO\Ï~°∞. XHõ<å_»∞ lOHõ, ^Œ∂~°OQÍ =Ù#fl ѨO@KÕÖ’ "Õ∞Ü«∞_®xH˜ áÈ~Ú "Õ@HÍx =ÅÖ’ z‰õΩ¯‰õΩO@∞Ok. lOHõ x"å™êxH˜ ~åÖË^Œx qKå~°O`À, HÍH˜ lOHõ#∞, "≥^ŒHõ_®xH˜ áÈ~Ú, =ÅÖ’ z‰õΩ¯H˘#fl lOHõ#∞ K«∂ã¨∞OÎ k. "≥O@<Õ HÍH˜, `«=∞ x"å™êxH˜ uiy =zÛ, ZÅ∞Hõ#∞ `«# g∞^Œ ZH˜¯OK«∞H˘xáÈ~Ú, ^•x`À =Å#∞ H˘iH˜Oz, lOHõ#∞ q_çÑã≤ ∞¨ OÎ k. lOHõ, HÍH˜, ZÅ∞Hõ, `«=∞ x"å™êxH˜ |Ü«∞Å∞^Õ~°∞`å~Ú. lOHõ =Å #∞O_ç `«Ñ≤ÊOK«∞H˘#fl ã¨OQÆu `≥eã≤# "Õ@HÍ_»∞, lOHõ#∞ Ѩ@∞ìHÀ=_®xH˜ "å\˜ "≥O@ =ã¨∞OÎ \Ï_»∞. D ֒ѨŠ`«# q∞„`«∞Öˇ#· HÍH˜, ZÅ∞Hõ, lOHõ x"å™êxH˜ ~åÖË^xŒ qKå~°O`À `åÉËÅ∞ |Ü«∞Å∞^Õi "åiH˜ Z^Œ∞~°∞QÍ áÈ`«∞Ok. q∞„`«∞efl HõÅ∞ã¨∞OÎ k. WO`«Ö’ "Õ@HÍ_»∞ ^ŒQ~æÆ ‰° Ωõ ~å=_»O K«∂z#, HÍH˜ PHÍâ◊OÖ’H˜ ZyiáÈ`«∞Ok. lOHõ Ѩ~∞° QÔ uÎáÈ`«∞Ok. ZÅ∞Hõ XHõ HõÅ∞QÆ∞Ö’ ^Œ∂~°∞`«∞Ok. `åÉËÅ∞ Ѩ~∞° QÔ `«ÖÎ ^Ë ∞Œ . HÍ|\˜ì "Õ@HÍxH˜ z‰õΩ¯`«∞Ok. "Õ@HÍ_»∞ `åÉËÅ∞#∞ qO\˜ H˘#‰õΩ Hõ@∞ìH˘x ~ÚO\˜H˜ |Ü«∞Å∞^Õ~∞° `å_»∞. `åÉËÅ∞#∞ HÍáê_»_®xH˜, ZÅ∞Hõ, HÍH˜, lOHõ HõÅ∞ã¨∞H˘x PÖ’z™êÎ~Ú. ZÅ∞Hõ XHõ LáêÜ«∞O K≥ÑÙ¨ OÎ k. lOHõ#∞ Ez, h=Ù "Õ@HÍx HõO>Ë =ÚO^Œ∞ áÈ~Ú "åx ^•iÖ’ XHõ ã¨~ã° ∞¨ û =^ŒÌ <åÅ∞æ HÍà◊√§ KåK«∞H˘x K«zÛ#@∞¡ Ѩ_Ü ç Ú« O_»∞. HÍH˜, hg∞^Œ ‰õÄ~°∞ÛO_ç Hõ#∞flÅ∞ á⁄_»∞ã¨∞#Î fl@∞¡ #\˜ã∂¨ Î J~°∞ã¨∂Î LO@∞Ok. JѨC_»∞ "Õ@HÍ_»∞ lOHõ K«zÛ =Ù#fl^Œx ÉèÏqOz, `åÉËÅ∞#∞ Hõ\ Ü ì˜ Ú« Oz# qO\˜x <ÕÅ g∞^Œ ÃÑ_®Î_∞» . "≥O@<Õ <Õ#∞ `åÉËÅ∞#∞ Hõ\ Ü ì˜ Ú« #fl `å_»∞#∞ `≥QÆ Q˘~°∞QÆ∞`å#∞. JO`« `åÉËÅ∞ ã¨~°ã¨∞ûÖ’ *Á~°|_»∞`«∞Ok. <Õ#∞ HõÅ∞QÆ∞Ö’ ^Œ∂~°∞`å#∞. g∞~°∞ áêiá⁄O_ç. Wk <å‰õΩ `Àz# LáêÜ«∞=∞O@∞Ok. Jk q#fl lOHõ, HÍH˜, `åÉËÅ∞ P „ѨHÍ~°O ѨxKÕ™êÎ~Ú. ZÅ∞Hõ `«# Ѩx KÕã∞¨ OÎ k. D q^èOŒ QÍ q∞„`«∞Å∞ #Å∞QÆ∞~°∞ `«=∞ „H˜Ü∂« jÅ`«fiO`À PѨ^Œ #∞Oz `«ÑÊ≤ OK«∞H˘O\Ï~°∞. q∞„`« ÖÏÉè=í ∞O>Ë ~Ú^Õ. Meaning: Any task can be completed successfully if it is done sincerely, giving great thought to how best to do it. Just knowing the name of a medicine does not cure a sick man. A blind man cannot see, even if he holds a lamp in his hands. Similarly a man may have a good knowledge of theory. It is useless if he does not know how to apply it and put it to use. Moral: One should know how to make the best use of knowledge.

V 144

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

9.

¿ã"å=$uÎKÕ =K«∞Û áêÜ«∞ã¨=Ú HõO>ˇ ã¨fiK«ÛùO^Œ =$uÎKÕ ÅaèOK«∞ QÆOl "Õ∞Å∞.

ÉèÏ=O : ¿ã=‰õΩ_»∞QÍ Ñ¨xKÕã≤ ã¨OáêkOK«∞‰õΩ#fl áêÜ«∞ã¨O HõO>Ë ã¨fi`«O„`«OQÍ rqOz ã¨OáêkOz# QÆOl "Õ∞Å∞. hu : h HÍà◊§ÃÑ· h=Ù xÅ|_»∞. "åºMϺ#O : ã¨fiK«ÛOù ^Œ =$uÎ, ¿ã"å=$uÎ HõO>Ë Q˘Ñ¨Ê^Œx ~ÚHõ¯_» K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. Wk q∞„`«É^Ë OŒè Ö’x Hõ^.Œä Ñ≤OQÆà‰◊ Ωõ _»<Õ ã≤OǨÏO J_»qH˜ ~åA. P ã≤OǨÏO XHõ ~ÀA XHõ Z^Œ∞Ì ~°OHÔ qx, Z=~À `«#‰õΩ „Ѩ`º« i÷QÍ =KåÛ_»x ÉèÜ í ∞« Ѩ_∞» `«∞Ok. Hõ~@ ° Hõ ^Œ=∞#‰õΩÅ<Õ ~Ô O_»∞ #Hõ¯Å∞, ã≤OǨxH˜ P ÉèÜ í ∞« O áÈQ˘\˜ì J`«x H˘Å∞=ÙÖ’ L^ÀºQÆO ã¨OáêkOKåÅx PÖ’z™êÎ~Ú. Hõ~@ ° ‰õΩ_»∞ ^Œ=∞#‰õΩx`À '~åAÅ#∞ #=∞‡‰õÄ_»^∞Œ Hõ_∞» Ѩ٠‰õÄ\˜ HÀã¨O =∞# â◊s~åÅ#∞ Ѩ~∞° ʼnõΩ J=Ú‡H˘#_»O ¿ÇÏÜ«∞"≥∞#ÿ Ѩx. Ѩ~∞° ʼnõΩ ¿ã= KÕ¿ãÎ =KÕÛ áêÜ«∞ã¨O Hõ<åfl, ã¨fiÜ«∞OQÍ „â◊q∞Oz Pi˚OK«∞‰õΩ<Õ QÆOl "Õ∞Å∞— Jx K≥ÑÙ¨ OÎ k. Meaning: A man may earn rich delicacies to eat, by serving a master. Humble food earned with independent effort can taste much better and is to be preferred. Moral: Standing on one’s own feet is always a better choice.

V 10. L^ÀºyH˜ ^Œ∂~°Éèí∂q∞Ü«Ú, q^•fiOã¨∞#‰õΩ |~°^Õâ◊=Ú#∞, „aÜ«∞"åkH˜ â◊„`«∞=Ù#∞ ÖËxÜ«∞@∞¡ |∞kú=∞O`«∞#‰õ™ê^茺 "≥ÚHõ\ ˜ ÖË^Œ∞. ÉèÏ=O : ^Œ∂~°O J#‰õΩO_» L^ÀºQÆO ZHõ¯_» =ÙO>Ë JHõ¯_çH˜ L^Àºy "≥o¡ `«# q^è∞Œ efl x~°fiÇ≤ÏOK«QÅÆ _»∞. q^•fiOã¨∞_»∞ U ^ÕâßxH˜ áÈ~Ú<å JHõ¯_» `«# q^Œº`À K«ÖÏ=∞}˜ J=Ù`å_»∞. „Ñ≤Ü∞« OQÍ =∂\Ï¡_"Õ åxH˜ â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ∞O_»~∞° . JÖψQ |∞kú=∞O`«∞xH˜ J™ê^躌 O J<Õk LO_»^∞Œ . hu : JO^Œ~∂° |∞kú=∞O`«∞Öˇ· Jxfl\˜h ™êkèOK«∞HÀ"åe. "åºMϺ#O : |∞kú=∞O`«∞xH˜ J™ê^躌 O J<Õk =ÙO_»^xŒ ~ÚHõ¯_» K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. ~å[¿ã= KÕÜ∂« Å#∞H˘#fl ^Œ=∞#‰õΩ_»∞, Hõ~@ ° ‰õΩx`À, ~å[¿ã=‰õΩ HÍ=Åã≤# J~°›`Å« #∞ QÆ∂iÛ ~ÚÖÏ K≥áêÎ_∞» . L^ÀºyH˜ ^Œ∂~°É∂íè q∞ ÖË^∞Œ . q^•fiOã¨∞xH˜ Ѩ~^° âÕ =◊ Ú ÖË^∞Œ . „Ñ≤Ü∞« OQÍ =∂\Ï¡_"Õ åxH˜ â◊„`«∞=Ù ÖË_∞» . |∞kú=∞O`«∞xH˜ J™ê^躌 "≥∞#ÿ k Un ÖË^∞Œ . HÍ|\˜ì =∞#O ~åA J#∞„QÆÇϨ O ã¨OáêkOz, J`«x H˘Å∞=ÙÖ’ KÕ~^° •O JO\Ï_»∞. Meaning: A Man pursuing his duties as an employee does not mind the distance to place he has to work in, be it near, or be it far. A learned and a skilled man is happy wherever his expertise is admired and honoured, anywhere in the world. A person, who has love in his heart and speech, has no enemy anywhere. Nothing is impossible to an intelligent man.

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Moral: All should learn and acquire sharp skills in grasping, thinking and reasoning, that is, the skills of the intellect, and achieve all that they set out to do.

V 11. |Ǩï^Õâß@#O|∞#∞, |Ǩï„â◊√`«∞Å `À_» x~°O`«~° ™êOQÆ`«ºO|∞#∞, QÍ=º âßG qKå~°O|∞#∞ ~å*Ï™ê÷#O|∞Å |ǨïHÍÅ¿ã=#O|∞ |∞~°∞+¨μ# HÔ \˜"ì åxˆHx q"ÕHOõ |∞ ѨÙ\˜Oì Ѩ ã¨=∞~°O÷ |∞Å~Ú Ü«ÚO_»∞. ÉèÏ=O : |Ǩï^ÕâßÅÖ’ Ѩ~º° \˜OK«∞@ =Å¡, ã¨~fi° A˝Ö#·ˇ xѨÙ}∞Å`À ™êOQÆ`º« O U~°Ê~°∞K«∞H˘#flO^Œ∞=Å¡ HÍ"åºÅ#∞, âߢ™êÎÅ#∞ K«^∞Œ =Ù@ =Å¡, ~åAÅ P™ê÷<åÅÖ’ KåÖÏHÍÅO ¿ã= KÕÜ∞« _»O =Å¡ ѨÙ~°∞+¨μ_≥\ ˜ì "å_≥<· å q"ÕH=õ O`«∞_Ò`å_»∞. hu : XHõ "Õ∞^è•q`À ã¨OÉèÏ+¨}, "Õ~Ú „QÆO^ä•Å Ѩ~#°î O`À ã¨=∂#O. "åºMϺ#O : ѨÙ~°∞+¨μ_Õ q^èOŒ QÍ q"ÕH=õ O`«∞_Ò`å_À ~ÚHõ¯_» K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. ^Œ=∞#‰õΩ_»∞ J_»qH˜ ~å*ˇ#· ã≤OǨÏO ^ŒQ~æÆ ‰° Ωõ "≥o§, ã≤OǨÏO Ü≥ÚHõ¯ ~å[ºáêÅ##∞ á⁄QÆ_∞» `å_»∞. `«##∞ `«# q∞„`«∞x Hõ~@ ° ‰õΩx H˘Å∞fiÖ’ KÕ~∞° ÛH˘O>Ë, ~°OHÔ "Õã#≤ P [O`«∞=Ù‰õΩ ~åA‰õΩ ¿ãflǨÏO U~°Ê~°∞™êÎ=∞x K≥áêÎ_∞» . P ã¨O^Œ~ƒ° Où QÍ ^Œ=∞#‰õΩ_»∞ ~åA`À |Ǩï^ÕâßÅ∞ u~°∞QÆ∞@ =Å¡ ѨO_ç`∞« Å`À ã¨ÇϨ "åã¨O KÕÜÚ« @ =Å¡, HÍ"åºÅ#∞, âߢ™êÎÅ#∞ K«^∞Œ =Ù@ =Å¡, ~å*Ï™ê÷<åÅÖ’ KåÅ HÍÅO ¿ã=ÅOkOK«∞@ =Å¡ Z@∞=O\˜ "åxÔH#· q"ÕHOõ HõÅ∞æ`∞« Ok. Jk ÖËx"å_»∞ ÉÏqÖ’x HõÑʨ ÖÏO\˜"å_»∞, Jx q#flq™êÎ_∞» . D q^èOŒ QÍ ã≤OǨxH˜ `å=Ú q"ÕH=õ O`«∞Å=∞x K≥ÑÊ≤ =∞Oz KÕã∞¨ H˘x Hõ~@ ° Hõ ^Œ=∞#‰õΩÅ∞ ã≤OǨÏO H˘Å∞=ÙÖ’ KÕiáÈ`å~°∞. Meaning: A man who has travelled widely and has spent much time in the company of highly educated and skilled men of fame, one who has read all the texts, scriptures and literature, or one who has served for a long time in the courts of kings, is bound to emerge as very wise and shrewd man, no matter who he is or how he has been in his early life. Shrewd = sharp, intelligent Moral: Conversation with a profound scholar is eual to reading a thousand books.

V 12. ‰õΩ\˜ì# ^ÕÅO„_»∞, ‰õΩ@ì‰õΩ#fl QÆ∞=∞‡~°Ñ¨Ù~°∞=O„_»∞ QÍ^≥? ÉèÏ=O : `ÕÅ∞, ‰õΩ=∞‡i ѨÙ~°∞QÆ∞ XˆHÖÏQÍ HõxÊ™êÎ~Ú. U^≥`· Õ ‰õΩ@∞ì`∞« O^À ^•xx `ÕÅO\Ï~°∞. U^≥`· Õ ‰õΩ@ìÖ^Ë À ^•xx ‰õΩ=∞‡i ѨÙ~°∞QÆO\Ï~°∞. JÖψQ Z=_≥`· Õ ã¨=∞㨺#∞ Z^Œ∞~˘¯O\Ï_À J`«}‚˜ ã¨=∞~°∞_÷ O» \Ï~°∞. Z^Œ∞~À¯ÖËx"å}˜‚ Jã¨=∞~°∞_÷ O» \Ï~°∞.

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hu : |∞ã¨∞û=∞O>Ë<Õ áê=Ú#∞ QÆ∞iΙêÎ~∞° . "åºMϺ#O : |Å=O`«∞_≥Ü · Ú« O_ç, |ÅO „Ѩ^iŒ ≈OK«x g~°∞}˜‚ Ö’HõO ZÖÏ K«∞ÅHõ#QÍ K«∂ã¨∞OÎ ^À ~ÚHõ¯_» K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ XHõ Hõ^Œä K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. XHõ ã≤OǨÏO J_»qÖ’x [O`«∞=Ùefl, ~Úëêì#∞™ê~°OQÍ K«OÑ≤ uO@∞Ok. JO^Œ∞‰õΩ ÉèÜ í ∞« Ѩ_#ç [O`«∞=ÙÅ∞, ã≤OǨÏO ^ŒQ~æÆ ‰° Ωõ "≥o§, =O`«∞Å „ѨHÍ~°O XH˘¯Hõ¯ =∞$QÍxfl ã≤OǨxH˜ PǨ~°OQÍ XH˘¯Hõ¯ ~ÀA ѨOÑ≤OKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ XѨÊO^ŒO KÕã∞¨ H˘<åfl~Ú. P =O`«∞ XHõ<å_»∞ XHõ ‰õΩO^ÕÅ∞‰õΩ =zÛOk. P ‰õΩO^ÕÅ∞ ã≤OǨÏO ÉÏi #∞O_ç `«ÑÊ≤ OK«∞HÀ=_®xH˜ LáêÜ«∞O PÖ’zOz, ã≤OǨÏO ^ŒQ~æÆ ‰° Ωõ KåÖÏ PÅ㨺OQÍ "≥à√◊ OÎ k. JѨC_»∞ ã≤OǨÏO HÀѨO`À =∞O_ç Ѩ_ç ~ÚÖÏ JO@∞Ok. <Õ#∞ =∞$QÍÅ g∞^Œ ^ŒÜ∞« ^ŒÅz =O`«∞Å „ѨHÍ~°O PǨ~°O ѨOÑ≤OKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ XѨCH˘<åfl#∞. Jk <å |ÅÇ‘Ï#`«QÍ `«Åz h=Ù PÅ㨺OQÍ =KåÛ=Ù. WHõ =ÚO^Œ∞ [O`«∞=Ùefl <å ~Úëêì#∞™ê~°O K«OÑ≤ uO\Ï#∞, '‰õΩ\˜`ì Õ `ÕÅ∞, ‰õΩ@ì‰Ωõ O>Ë ‰õΩ=∞‡iѨÙ~°∞QÆ∞— Jx ##∞fl K«∞ÅHõ#QÍ K«∂z#O^Œ∞‰õΩ q∞=∞‡efl tH˜™Δ êÎ#∞ Jx ‰õΩO^ÕÅ∞ÃÑ· ^Œ∂‰õΩ`«∞Ok. Meaning: A scorpion and a beetle look alike. The one that stings is known as a scorpion and the one that does not, is known as a beetle. Similarly a man who courageously solves his problems is known as an achiever and a successful man, and the one who is unable to face and solve his problems is known as a failure in life. Moral: Only if a creature hisses, it can be recognized as a snake.

V 13. 'â◊s~° =∂^ŒºO YÅ∞ ^èŒ~°‡™ê^èŒ#— =∞‡x „áêA˝Å∞ =Hͯ}˜O`«∞~°∞. Éèí$`«∞ºO_»∞ ™êfiq∞ HÍ~°º Ç≤Ï`« „áê}∞O_»Ü∞≥ º<Õx <åHõÖ’Hõã∞¨ YO |#∞Éèqí OK«∞#∞. ÉèÏ=O : â◊s~°O =Ù#flk ^è~Œ å‡xfl ™êkèOK«_®xˆH. XHõ ¿ã=‰õΩ_»∞ qâßfiã¨O`À Ü«∞[=∂x Ü≥ÚHõ¯ HÍ~åºxfl x~°fiÇ≤ÏOK«∞@Ö’ „áê}ÏÅ∞ HÀÖ’Ê`Õ J`«xH˜ ã¨fi~°æ „áêÑ≤Î Åaèã∞¨ OÎ k. JO>Ë ^è~Œ ‡° ™ê^è#Œ HÔ · `«# â◊s~åxfl `åºQÆO KÕã#≤ "å_»∞ Ö’HÍxH˜ P~å^è∞Œ º_Ò`å_»∞. hu : ™êfiq∞ HÍ~åºxÔH· â◊s~° `åºQÆO KÕã#≤ "å_»∞ K«i`å~°∞_÷ ∞» . "åºMϺ#O : WHõ¯_» ~å[ÉèHí xΘ QÆ∂iÛ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. =∂#=Ù_»∞ ~åA‰õΩ ¿ã= KÕÜÚ« @Ö’, `«# â◊s~åxfl ^è~Œ ‡° ™ê^è#Œ OQÍ LѨÜ∂≥ yOKåe. „áê} `åºQÍxH˜ ã≤^úŒ Ѩ_®e. JѨC_Õ J`«x [#‡ ™ê~°H÷ =õ ∞ø`«∞Ok. Meaning: This human body has been given to man to serve the cause of the right and the just. When a man serves his master faithfully and were to lose his life in this service, he is sure to go straight to heaven. Thus a man who has sacrificed his life for the sake of duty, is a man who has died for what is right. Such a man is loved and honoured by all. Moral: Any man, who sacrifices his life while serving his master, is remembered forever as a hero.

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14. J~°÷O|∞ ã¨HõŠѨÙ~°∞ëê~°÷ ™ê^èŒ#O|∞, ^èŒ#=Ú#‰õΩ ^Œ∞™êû^茺O ÉÁHõ¯O_»∞ ÖË^Œ∞. Ö’‰õΩÅ∞ ‰õΩÅq^•º ~°∂ѨQÆ∞} qÇ‘Ï#∞<Õx ^èŒ#=O`«∞x ã¨~°fi ã¨OѨ#∞flO_»x =z~ÚO`«∞~°∞. ã¨HÅõ ^Œ∞i`«O|∞ʼnõΩ ^•i„^ŒºO|∞OÉ’Öˇ ã¨HÅõ ^Œ∞i`« HõÑΔ }¨ O|∞#‰õΩ #~°O÷ |∞ x^•#O|∞. ÉèÏ=O : ^è#Œ O =Å¡ =∂#=Ù_»∞ ^è~Œ å‡~°÷ HÍ=∞ "≥∂Hõ=Δ ÚÅ<Õ <åÅ∞æ ѨÙ~°∞ëê~å÷Å#∞ ™êkèOK«QÅÆ _»∞. ^è<Œ åxH˜ ™ê^躌 O HÍx^Õn ÖË^∞Œ . ‰õΩÅO, q^Œº, ~°∂ѨO, QÆ∞}O ÖËHáõ È~Ú<å ^è#Œ O =Ù#fl"åxfl Ö’‰õΩÅ∞ Q˘Ñ¨Ê"åxQÍ =i‚™êÎ~∞° . hu : ^è#Œ O ã¨~åfi~°÷ ™ê^è#Œ O. "åºMϺ#O : WHõ¯_» ^èŒ#O Ü≥ÚHõ¯ „áê^è•<åºxfl QÆ∂iÛ K≥ѨÊ|_çOk. ^èŒ#O =Å¡ =∂#=Ù_»∞ <åÅ∞QÆ∞ ѨÙ~°∞ëê~å÷Å#∞ ™êkèOK«QÅÆ _»∞. ‰õΩÅO, q^Œº, ~°∂ѨO, QÆ∞}O ÖˉΩõ <åfl ^è#Œ O LO>Ë J`«}‚˜ Q˘Ñ¨Ê"åxQÍ H©iOÎ K«_O» Ö’Hõsu. Meaning: Wealth helps win everything in life. Nothing remains impossible, when one has wealth. He may have nothing else, of note like noble birth, caste, education, beauty or character, but still he is honoured by all because of his riches. Poverty remains the root cause of all misery, and wealth remains the cause of removing all misery. Moral: There is nothing in life that wealth cannot achieve.

V 15. ã¨[˚#∞Å`À_ç ã¨d`«fiO|∞ ã¨OÉèÏ+¨} =∂„`«ã≤^ŒúO|∞ ÉèÏ=O : Hˆ =ÅO =∂\Ï¡_∞» @ =Å¡<Õ ã¨[#˚ ∞Å∞ ¿ãflÇ≤Ï`«∞Ö∫`å~°∞. hu : XHõ¯ =∂@`À h=Ù ã¨[#˚ ™êOQÆ`åºxfl á⁄O^ŒQÅÆ =Ù. "åºMϺ#O : WHõ¯_» ã¨[#˚ ™êOQÆ`åºxfl QÆ∂iÛ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. ã¨[#˚ ∞Öˇ#· "å~°∞ HõÅ¡ HõÑ@ ¨ O ÖËx x~°‡Å ǨÏ$^ŒÜ∞« O Hõeæ =ÙO\Ï~°∞. ¿ãflǨÏO HÀi =zÛ# "åiH˜ XHõ¯ ã¨OÉèÏ+¨}`À `«=∞ ™êOQÆ`åºxfl JOk™êÎ~∞° . Meaning: Just by speaking to good people, it is possible to strike a friendship. They extend their hand of friendship to all who seek it, with a warm heart. Moral: Very little effort is needed to win the bond of friendship with a man of good character.

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16. "≥ÚQÆ∞Å∞ h~°∞ #q∞‡, K≥~°∞=Ù h~°∞ áê~° [e¡OK«∞#O`«\ ˜ |∞kú=∞O`«∞_çO^≥"åfi_»∞#∞ ÖË_»∞. ÉèÏ=O : PHÍâ◊OÖ’x "Õ∞Ѷ∞¨ OÖ’ h~°∞#∞ #=Ú‡H˘x, K≥~∞° =ÙÖ’x hà◊§#∞ |∞kú=∞O`«∞_≥#· "å_≥=fi_»∞ áê~° [e¡OK«_∞» . hu : TǨÏÅ∞ P^è•~°OQÍ x~°Ü ‚ ∂« Å∞ fã¨∞HÀ‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . "åºMϺ#O : "Õ∞Ѷ∞¨ OÖ’ =Ù#fl hà◊§#∞ #q∞‡, K≥~∞° =ÙÖ’x hà◊§#∞ áê~°[Å¡_O» , Ö’Hõ*Ï˝#O =Ù#fl"å_»∞ KÕÜ∞« _»∞. Meaning: No one should let the water out of the lake to his fields, presuming that the overcast sky will rain and fill the tank. Moral: Never act on presumption.

V 17. 'ã¨Ê $tOK«∞K«∞<≥ kfiѨO|∞#∞, <å„Ѷ¨∂}˜OK«∞K«∞<≥ Ü«Ú~°QÆO|∞#∞, áêeOK«∞K«∞<Õ #$áêÅ∞O_»∞#∞, #=ÙfiK«∞<≥ ^Œ∞~°˚#∞O_»∞#∞, Ç≤ÏOã≤O`«∞—~°x qK«HõΔ}∞Å∞ ѨÅ∞‰õΩ^Œ∞~°∞. ÉèÏ=O : Hˆ =ÅO `˘O_»O`À `å‰õΩ@ =Å¡ U#∞QÆ∞, "åã¨# K«∂K«∞@ =Å¡ áê=Ú, ~å*Ϻxfl áêeã¨∂<Î Õ ~åA, #=Ùfi`«∂<Õ ^Œ∞~å‡~°∞_æ ∞» W`«~∞° Å#∞ Ç≤ÏOã≤™êÎ~x° q+¨Ü∞« A˝Å∞ K≥|∞`å~°∞. HÍ|\˜ì ÃÑ"· åiH˜ ^Œ∂~°OQÍ =ÙO_ç =∞#efl =∞#O ~°HOΔ˜ K«∞HÀ"åe. hu : ÃÑH· ˜ HõxÑ≤OK«‰Ωõ O_® Ç≤ÏOã≤OK«QeÆ y# "å~°∞<åfl~°∞. J~å÷Å∞ : kfiѨO|∞ ´ U#∞QÆ∞† L~°QOÆ |∞ ´ áê=Ú† #$áêÅ∞_»∞ ´ ~åA "åºMϺ#O : WHõ¯_» ‰õΩ„@^•~°∞Öˇ#· ^Œ∞~å‡~°∞Åæ #∞ QÆ∂iÛ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. U#∞QÆ∞ n~°"… ∞≥ #ÿ `«# `˘O_»O`À ^Œ∂~°O #∞O_ç XHõ K≥@∞ì#∞ ÃÑHõeOK«QÅÆ ^Œ∞. q+¨ã~¨ Ê° O "åã¨#`À Z^Œ∞\˜ „áê}˜x QÆ∞iÎOz `«# <åÅ∞Hõ`À qëêxfl K«e¡ K«OѨQÅÆ ^Œ∞. JÖψQ ^Œ∞~å‡~°∞_æ #·≥ ~åA ‰õΩ„@Ѩxfl, ~°ÇϨ 㨺OQÍ `«# „Ѩ`º« ~°∞Å÷ #∞ =∞@∞ìÃÑ_®Î_∞» . Meaning: Evil men scheme and destroy those who oppose them. An elephant can use its trunk to strike. The snake can use its sense of smell and strike. A king may appear to be a benevolent ruler but remove those who oppose him ruthlessly and a sadist can torture someone with a smile on his face. Wisdom lies in keeping a distance from them. Moral: There are people who can destroy without appearing to do so.

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18. Ѩ O _ç # =$Hõ Δ O |∞ K« O ^Œ O |∞#, 㨠[ ˚ # ∞O_» ∞ =OyÜ« Ú O_» ∞ #∞. =¸~° ∞ ö O _» ∞ , â◊√+¨¯HÍ+¨ìO|∞O|Öˇ, ÉèË^Œ∞ºO _»QÆ∞OQÍx, #„=ÚO_»∞ QÍ<Õ~°_»∞. ÉèÏ=O : ã¨[#˚ ∞_≥#· "å_»∞ ѨO_»¡ ÉèÏ~°O`À =Oy# K≥@∞ì ÖÏQÍ #„=∞`«`À =ÙO\Ï_»∞. =¸~°∞_ö ∞» ZO_»∞Hõ>ìˇ ÖÏQÍ xQÆ∞_»∞H˘x, QÆ~fi° O`À =ÙO\Ï_»∞. J`«_∞» ^≥|ƒ `«ye#ѨC_»∞ =OQÆ_∞» . ZO_»∞Hõ>Öìˇ ÏQÍ qiyáÈ`å_»∞. hu : q#Ü«∞O ™ê^è∞Œ ÅHõ} Δ O. QÆ~fi° O ^Œ∞~°#˚ ÅHõ} Δ O. "åºMϺ#O : ã¨[#˚ ∞ʼnõΩ, ^Œ∞~°#˚ ∞ʼnõΩ QÆÅ Éè^Ë OŒ WHõ¯_» K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. ã¨[#˚ ∞_»∞ J}‰õΩ=`À =ÙO_ç ã¨=∞㨺ŠѨiëê¯~åxH˜ Ѩ@∞ìq_»∞Ѩ٠K«∂Ñ≤™êÎ_∞» . ^Œ∞~°#˚ ∞_»∞ JǨÏOHÍ~°O`À Ѩ@∞ì=^ŒÅ‰õΩO_®, áÈ~å_ç, ã¨=∞㨺֒¡ z‰õΩ¯Ñ¨_ç <åâ◊#"≥∞áÿ È`å_»∞. Meaning: A good and an honourable man is humble and gentle like a tree bent with the weight of its fruit. A foolish proud man stands erect like a dried stick. He cannot withstand a blow, and breaks easily as any dry stick would. Moral: Humility is the quality of a true gentleman, while pride is the quality of a scoundrel. Humility = modesty Scoundrel = A man who has no good qualities

V 19. 'K≥eq∞"≥∞ÿ KÕ^∞Œ "Õ∞Ñ≤OѨ=K«∞ÛO QÍx, |eq∞ "≥∞~ÚOáêÅ∞ „^•qOѨ~å^Œ∞—. ÉèÏ=O : ¿ãflǨÏOQÍ =ÙO>Ë, XHõi KÕ`« KÕ^∞Œ #∞ uxÑ≤OK«=K«∞Û. |Å=O`«OQÍ áêÅ#∞ ‰õÄ_® „`åyOK«Ö~Ë ∞° . hu : ¿ãflǨÏO`À U^≥<· å KÕ~ÚOK«=K«∞Û. "åºMϺ#O : WHõ¯_» ¿ãflǨÏO Ü≥ÚHõ¯ Q˘Ñ¨Ê`«<åxfl QÆ∂iÛ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. |Å=O`«OQÍ, XHõi KÕ`« áêÅ#∞ ‰õÄ_» „`åyOK«Ö~Ë ∞° . ¿ãflǨÏO`À KÕ^∞Œ #∞ QÆ∂_» uxÑ≤OK«=K«∞Û. K≥eq∞Ü«∞#flk "≥ÅÖËx Hõeq∞. ^•xx „Ѩu"å_»∞ HõeÜ æ Ú« O_®e. Meaning: A person may be persuaded to eat something which is bitter to taste, if it is given in a loving, caring manner; but it is impossible to make someone drink even milk, by force. Moral: A friendly and warm approach can persuade a person to do whatever is desired.

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20. "åÑ‘‰õÄѨO|∞Å∞#∞, `«\ÏHõO|∞Å∞#∞, `«~°∞q=~°O|∞Å∞#∞ <≥=fi~°∞ =ÚO^Œ∞QÍ <å„Hõq∞OK«∞H˘O^Œ∞~À <å\˜H˜ "åiq QÍx Ü≥∞Å¡HÍÅ=Ú „Ѩ`ºÕ Hõ=ÚQÍ <˘Hõi ™⁄`«∞ÅÎ ∞ QÍ=Ù. ÉèÏ=O : h\˜ ÉÏ=ÙÅ∞, K≥~∞° =ÙÅ∞, K≥@∞ì `˘„~°Å∞ Z=~°∞ =ÚO^Œ∞QÍ P„Hõq∞OK«∞‰õΩO>Ë P<å\˜Hˆ "åiq. ZÅ¡HÍÅO "åi ™⁄`«∞ÅÎ ∞ HÍ=Ù. "å\˜x H˘O^Œ~∞° =^Œe"≥o`¡ ,Õ "Õ~ˆ "åà◊√§ =zÛ P„Hõq∞OK«∞H˘O\Ï~°∞. hu : L#flO`«¿ã¿Ñ, L#fl"åxk ~ÚÅ∞¡. J~å÷Å∞ : "åÑ≤ ´ #_»ÉÏq† ‰õÄѨO|∞ ´ #∞~Úº† `«\ÏHõO|∞ ´ K≥~∞° =Ù† `«~∞° q=~°O|∞Å∞ ´ K≥@∞ì`˘„~°Å∞ "åºMϺ#O : Éè∂í q∞ ÖË^• ~ÚÅ∞¡ =O\˜ Pã¨∞ÅÎ #∞ Z=~°∞ =ÚO^Œ∞QÍ P„Hõq∞OK«∞H˘O\Ï~À "åiˆH P<å\˜H˜ ™⁄O`«=∞ø`å~Ú. "å~°∞ "å\˜x =^Œe"≥o§`Õ, "≥O@<Õ, "Õ~˘Hõ~°∞ P„Hõq∞OK«∞H˘O\Ï~°∞. Wk Ö’HõOÖ’ J#∞Éè=í OÖ’ =Ù#fl q+¨Ü∞« O. Meaning: Whether they are wells, ponds or the hollows of trees, only the first occupants have the right of ownership over them but only temporarily. They cannot ever keep them permanently. When the present owners move away others occupy them. Moral: Ownership over anything can be only temporary.

V 21. ™êfi„t`å=#ã¨"≥∂ # Ç≤Ï ^èŒ~°‡=∞x "Õ^Œ=ÚÅ∞ Ѷ¨∞’+≤OK«∞#∞ QÆ^•? HÍ|\˜ì Ü«∂„t`« ~°H} Δõ =Ú#‰õΩ ã¨=∂#=∞~Ú# ^è~Œ ‡° =Ú =∞iÜ≥ÚHõ\ ˜ ÖË^∞Œ . ÉèÏ=O : `«##∞ P„â◊~ÚOz# "åix ~°HOΔ˜ K«∞@ HõO>ˇ q∞Oz# ^è~Œ ‡° O "Õ~˘Hõ\ ˜ ÖË^xŒ "Õ^•Å∞ K≥|∞`«∞<åfl~Ú. P ^è~Œ å‡xfl JO^Œ~∞° áê\˜OKåe. hu : P„â◊~ÚOz# "åxH˜ JÉèÜ í ∞« O W=fi@O h Hõ~=ΰ ºO. "åºMϺ#O : '™êfi„t`å=#ã¨"∂≥ #Ç≤Ï ^è~Œ ‡° ó— Jx "Õ^•Å∞ Ѷ∞¨ ’+≤ã∞¨ <Î åfl~Ú. JO>Ë PѨ^ÖŒ ’ =ÙO_ç P„â◊Ü∞« O HÀi# "åix ~°HOΔ˜ K«_O» `À ã¨=∂#"≥∞#ÿ ^è~Œ ‡° O =∞~˘Hõ\ ˜ ÖË^∞Œ . HÍ|\˜ì P ^è~Œ å‡xfl =∞#O áê\˜OKåe. Meaning: A person is honour bound to offer protection to anyone who seeks his help. There can be no greater act of virtue than this. The Vedas have laid down this tenet. Moral: It is the duty of a person of honour to give protection to anyone who asks for it.

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22. ^Õ Ç ¨ Ï =ÚÅ∞ |∞^Œ ∞ ƒ^Œ „Ѩ u =∞O|∞Å∞† Ѩ ~ ° ∞ ==Ú ¿Ñ¶ # 㨠^ Œ $ â◊ O |∞† 㨠O Ѩ ^ Œ Å ∞ `«\ K˜ Û« OK«ÅO|∞Å∞† JÅOHÍ~°O|∞Å∞ aèuzÎ „`«O|∞Å∞† ^•~°ÑÙ¨ „`å^Œ∞ÖÏâ◊‡âß#QÆ=∞#∞Å∞ QÍx Ü«∂ Ѩ~Úx =K«∞Û"å~°∞ HÍ~°∞† ^è~Œ ‡° "≥ÚHõ¯\˜Ü∞Õ `À_» =zÛ `«#∞fl QÍK«∞#k. ÉèÏ=O : â◊s~åÅ∞ QÍe |∞_»QÅÆ ÖÏO\˜q. Jq Ü≥∞ѨC_À ѨyeáÈ`å~Ú. „áêÜ«∞O h\˜ÃÑ· #∞~°∞QÆ∞ÖÏO\˜k. L#fl@∞ìO_ç =∂Ü«∞"≥∞áÿ È`«∞Ok. ã¨OѨ^ÅŒ ∞ "Õ∞Ѷ∞¨ OÖ’x "≥∞~°∞ѨÙÖÏ¡QÍ `«à√◊ ‰õΩ¯=∞x Hõ} Δ HÍÅO "≥∞~°∞™êÎ~Ú. =∞#O KÕã∞¨ H˘<Õ JÅOHÍ~åÅ∞ QÀ_» g∞^Œ ÉÁ=∞‡ÅÖÏO\˜q. ZѨC_À =∂ã≤áÈ`å~Ú. ÉèÏ~åº Ñ¨Ù„`«∞Å∞ =∞#O K«xáÈ~Ú#ѨC_»∞ =∞# â◊=O "≥O|_ç 㨇âß#O ^•HÍ =™êÎ~∞° . =∞#O KÕã#≤ ^è~Œ ‡° O =∂„`«"∞Õ =∞~°}Ï#O`«~O° =∞# "≥O@ =ÙO@∞Ok. JO^Œ∞=Å¡ =∞#O ^è~Œ å‡xfl PK«iOKåe. hu : h "≥O@ =KÕÛk, h=Ù KÕã#≤ ^è~Œ ‡° "≥ÚHõ¯>Ë. J~å÷Å∞ : |∞^Œ∞ƒ^Œ„Ѩu=∞O|∞Å∞ ´ h\˜|∞_»QÅÆ ∞† ¿Ñ#¶ ã¨^$Œ â◊O|∞ ´ #∞~°∞QÆ∞`À ã¨=∂#O† `«\ `˜ ü ´ q^Œ∞ºÅ¡`†« aèuÎ ´ QÀ_»† ^•~° ´ ÉèÏ~°º. "åºMϺ#O : =∂#=Ù_»∞ =∞~°}O˜ z# `«~åfi`«, J`«xx 㨇âß<åxH˜ fã¨∞H˘x áÈÜÕ∞@ѨC_»∞, |O^è∞Œ =ÙÅ∞ q∞„`«∞Å∞ `«k`«~∞° Å∞ 㨇âß#O =~°Hˆ "≥O@ =™êÎ~∞° . `«~åfi`« J`«}‚˜ Ö’HõO =∞~°záÈ`«∞Ok. J`«_∞» KÕã#≤ =∞OzѨ#∞ÖË"∞≥ <ÿ å =ÙO>Ë, "åx<Õ Ö’‰õΩÅ∞ QÆ∞~°∞OÎ K«∞H˘O\Ï~°∞. HÍ|\˜ì =∞#O rq`«OÖ’ =∞Ozx PK«iOKåe. Meaning: Human lives are like air bubbles which are bound to burst at any moment. Youth is like the foam on the surface of water. It can vanish easily. Wealth is like the momentary flash of lightning in the clouds. All pomp and show can fade away like pictures on a wall. A dead man’s wife and children follow him only up to the grave. Only the good that a man has done during his lifetime remains with him after death. All should remember that a noble life lived, leaves its imprint on time forever. Vanish= disappear Moral: Only the memory of one’s righteous acts remains after one is dead.

V 23. ã¨^•~°O„^è•<Õfi+¨}"Õ∞ ѨxQÍ ‰õΩ\˜ÅQÆux =iÎOK«∞ áêѨ*ÏuH˜ Z@∞ì ^ŒÜ«∞ѨÙ@∞ì#∞? ÉèÏ=O : áê=ÚÅ∞ ZѨC_»∞#∞ ~°O„^è•Å∞ "≥^∞Œ ‰õΩ¯O@∂ =OHõ~\° O˜ Hõ~Q° Í Ñ¨~∞° QÔ `«∞`Î ∞« O\Ï~Ú. "å\˜H˜ ^ŒÜ∞« =ÙO_»^∞Œ . JÖψQ ‰õΩ\˜Å∞Öˇ#· "å~°∞ =∞#Ö’ `«ÑC¨ Å∞ "≥`∞« ‰õΩ`«∂ J^è~Œ ‡° =∂~°Oæ Ö’ #_»∞ã¨∞OÎ \Ï~°∞. "åiH˜ =∞#ÃÑ· ^ŒÜ∞« =ÙO_»^∞Œ . =∞#‰õΩ JѨHÍ~°O KÕÜ∞« _®xH˜ „ѨÜ∞« ufl™êÎ~∞° . hu : ^Œ∞~°#˚ ∞ʼnõΩ `«ÑC¨ Å∞ Ѩ@_ì "» ∞Õ Ñ¨x. J~å÷Å∞ : áêѨ*Ïu ´ áê=ÚÅ *Ïu† ~°O„^è•<Õfi+¨}=Ú ´ ~°O„^è•Å#∞ "≥^HŒ @ õ O 152

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

"åºMϺ#O : ZѨC_»∞ `«ÑC¨ Å∞ Ѩ>ìË "åix QÆ∂iÛ ~ÚK«Û@ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. áê=ÚÅ∞ =OHõ~° \˜OHõ~Q° Í „ѨÜ∂« }˜™êÎ~Ú. ^ŒÜ∞« ÖˉΩõ O_®, q+¨ÑÙ¨ HÍ@∞"Õã≤ r=Ùefl K«OѨÙ`å~Ú. J^Õ q^èOŒ QÍ ‰õΩ\˜Å „Ѩ=~°#Î ∞Öˇ#· "å~°∞, =∞#Ö’ `«ÑC¨ Å∞ "≥^∞Œ ‰õΩ`«∂, ^ŒÜ∂« ^•H˜} Δ ÏºÅ∞ ÖˉΩõ O_», JѨHÍ~°O KÕÜ∞« _®xH˜ „ѨÜ∞« ufl™êÎ~∞° . J\˜ì "åi #∞O_ç =∞#efl =∞#~ ~°HOΔ˜ K«∞HÀ"åe. Meaning: Snakes are forever in search of holes, writhing and wriggling all the time. Similarly evil men are forever trying to harm others and think in a crooked manner. They cannot be kind to anyone and always try to harm others. Moral: Evil people always find fault with others and try to harm them.

V 24. |QÆ∞#æ =∞O_»∞ ^Œ"å#ÅO|∞ =$HΔÍ„QÆO|∞ÅO QÍeÛ q_»∞K«∞O QÍx, "åxx x~°∂‡Å=Ú QÍqOѨ*ÏÅ^Œ∞† â‹`· º« jÅ =∞Ü«Úº#∞ #n [ÅO|∞ `«@ã≤`÷ =« ã¨∞=∞f[O|∞Å =¸ÅO|∞Å `À_» ÃÑÅ¡yOK«∞#∞. HÍ|\˜ì =∞Oz =∂@Å`À ™êkèOѨ=K«∞Û Ñ¨xx Ѩ~å„Hõ=∞â◊`O« |∞KÕ<#·≥ ™êkèOѨ~å^Œ∞. ÉèÏ=O : ÉèQí ∞Æ #æ =∞O_Õ ^•"åyfl K≥@¡ z=~°efl =∂„`«"∞Õ HÍeÛ =kÖËã∞¨ OÎ k. HÍx "≥Ú^ŒÅO@ <åâ◊#O KÕÜ∞« ^Œ∞. K«ÅQ¡ Í =ÙO_Õ U\˜ h~°∞ „Ѩ"åÇ¨Ï "ÕQOÆ `À K≥@#¡ ∞ „"Õà`¡◊ À ‰õÄ_» ÃÑH˜eOz ‰õÄÅ^Àã¨∞OÎ k. JO>Ë |ńѨÜ∂≥ QÆO`À KÕÜ∞« ÖËx Ѩxx =∞Oz =∂@Å`À KÕÜ∞« =K«∞Û. WHõ¯_» ^•"åyflx |ńѨÜ∂≥ QÆO`À#∞, U\˜h~°∞#∞ =∞Oz =∂@Å`À#∞ áÈÅÛ|_çOk. hu : |ńѨÜ∂≥ QÆO`À ™êkèOK«ÖxË k =∞Oz =∂@Å`À ™êkèOK«=K«∞Û. J~å÷Å∞ : ^Œ"åÅ#O|∞ ´ J_»qÖ’ ÖËKÕ =∞O@† â‹`· º« jÅ=Ú ´ K«Å^¡ #Œ O HõÅk, `«@ã≤`÷ « ´ QÆ@∞ìg∞^Œ#∞#fl† =ã¨∞=∞f[=Ú ´ K≥@∞ì. "åºMϺ#O : WHõ¯_» J_»qÖ’x =∞O@‰õΩ, U\˜Ö’x =~°^‰Œ Ωõ QÆÅ Éè^Ë OŒ `≥Å∞Ѩ|_çOk. J_»qÖ’ =∞O@Å∞ ÖË¿ãÎ Jq K≥@¡ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ z=~°efl HÍeÛ =^Œe"Õ™êÎ~Ú. U\˜ =~°^ÅŒ ∞ =¿ãÎ K≥@#¡ ∞ ‰õÄHõ\ „˜ "Õà§◊ `À ÃÑHõeOz "Õ™êÎ~Ú. WHõ¯_» =∞O@Å∞ |ńѨÜ∂≥ QÆO`À#∞, U\˜ =~°^Œ K«Åx¡ =∂@Å`À#∞ áÈÅÛ|_®¤~Ú. JO>Ë |ńѨÜ∂≥ QÆO`À KÕÜ∞« ÖËx Ѩxx K«Åx¡ =∂@Å`À KÕÜ∞« =K«∞Û#x J~°O÷ . Meaning: A Sudden burst of flames burns only the edges of the trees but does not destroy the whole tree, while a sudden flood of water can uproot the entire tree. In other words, what cannot be done with the use of force can be done easily with cool, persuasive words. Here the fire is likened to force and the flood water to the use of quiet convincing words.

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Moral: what cannot be achieved with force can be successfully done with kind persuasive words. Persuade (verb) = convince, get someone to agree, persuasive (adjective)

V 25. td tMÏ`«ÑOΨ |QÆ∞[ÅOɡ á⁄OyѨ_ç Ü«∂Ü«∞yflO [ÖÏ¡~∞° ÛK«∞O_»∞@ Ö’Hõ ^è~Œ ‡° =Ú. ÉèÏ=O : Jyfl h\˜x "Õ_Kç ãÕ ∞¨ OÎ k. HÍx "Õ_H≥ ¯˜ # h~°∞ á⁄OyѨ_ç P Jyflx K«ÖÏ¡~∞° Û`«∞Ok. Wk Ö’Hõ ^è~Œ ‡° O. JO>Ë =∞#O W`«~∞° ʼnõΩ H©_∞» KÕ¿ãÎ uiy "åà◊√¡ =∞#‰õÄ H©_∞» KÕ™êÎ~∞° . HÍ|\˜ì Z=iH© H©_∞» KÕÜ∞« ~å^Œ∞. hu : ^≥|ƒu#fl"å_Õ, uiy ^≥|ƒ H˘_»`å_»∞. J~å÷Å∞ : td ´ Jyfl† tMÏ`«Ñ=Ψ Ú ´ =∞O@KÕ HÍÅÛ|_ç#k "åºMϺ#O : XHõ K«~º° ‰õΩ „ѨuK«~º° =ÙO@∞O^Œ<Õ Ö’HÀH˜Î =ÙOk. XHõifl h=Ù Ç≤ÏOã≤¿ãÎ J`«_∞» x#∞fl uiy Ç≤ÏOã≤™êÎ_∞» L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ XHõ áê„`«Ö’x h\˜x Jyfl`À "Õ_Kç ¿Õ ã,Î P h~°∞ á⁄OyѨ_,ç P Jyflx K«ÖÏ¡~∞° ã¨∞OÎ k. Meaning: Fire heats up and makes water boil. The same water which boils and overflows the vessel can put out the fire. This is a universal truth. Similarly if one tries to harm another, the one who is hurt can turn around and destroy the one who has harmed him. Moral: A man who has been hurt can react by destroying his tormentor. Torment (verb) = cause pain, tormentor (noun)

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16. PO„^èŒ^Õâ◊=Ú – ѨÓ~°fi HÍÅѨ٠¿Ñ~°∞¡ – =∞O_»Å=ÚÅ∞ ѨiK«Ü∞« O : PO„^è^Œ âÕ =◊ Ú – ѨÓ~°fiHÍÅѨ٠¿Ñ~°∞¡ – =∞O_»Å=ÚÅ∞ J<Õ D áê~îåºOâ◊O YO_»=e¡ ÅH©;~°O[#O, YO_»=e¡ ÉÏÖËO^Œ∞ âıY~°OQÍ~°∞¡ ~°zOz# 'PO„^è∞Œ Å K«i„`« – ã¨O㨯 $u— J<Õ „QÆO^äOŒ #∞O_ç „QÆÇÏ≤ OѨ|_çOk. „Ѩã∞¨ `Î O« PO„^è„Œ Ѩ^âÕ ò ~åROÖ’x H˘xfl „áêO`åÅ∞ ѨÓ~°fiO qq^èŒ <å=∂Å`À =º=ǨÏiOѨ|_Õq. <Õ_∞» "å\˜Ö’ H˘xfl ¿Ñ~°∞¡ H˘O`« =∂~°∞Ê`À Ñ≤Å∞=|_»∞`«∞<åfl~Ú. PO„^è^Œ âÕ O◊ ÖË^• `≥Å∞QÆ∞<ÕÅ Jx Ñ≤Å∞=|_ç# =∞# ~åROÖ’x ѨÅ∞ „áêO`åÅ#∞ QÆ∞iOz D áê~îåºOâ◊OÖ’ `≥Å∞ã¨∞H˘O\ÏO. =∞# ÉèÏ+¨‰Ωõ PO„^èOŒ , `≥#∞QÆ∞, `≥Å∞QÆ∞ J<Õ Ñ¨^•Å∞ =º=Ǩ~°OÖ’ =Ù<åfl~Ú. D Ѩ^•Å ѨÙ@∞ì ѨÓ~Àfi`«~Î åÅ#∞ QÆ∞iOz PO„^è^Œ âÕ O◊ Ö’ x=ã≤Oz# qq^èŒ *Ï`«∞Å#∞ QÆ∞iOz ‰õÄ_® D áê~îåºOâ◊OÖ’ `≥Å∞ã¨∞‰õΩO\ÏO.

PO„^èŒ^Õâ◊OÖ’ „Ѩ^è•# „áêO`åÅ∞ : PO„^è„Œ Ѩ^âÕ òÖ’ „Ѩ^•è #OQÍ =¸_»∞ „áêO`åÅ∞<åfl~Ú. Jq ã¨=Ú„^Œ f~°ÑÙ¨ lÖÏ¡Å∞, ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞ lÖÏ¡Å∞, `≥ÅOQÍ} lÖÏ¡Å∞. ѨÓ~°fiO f~° „áêO`«OÖ’x L`«~Î ° lÖÏ¡Å#∞ L`«~Î ° ã¨~å¯~°∞Å∞ J<Õ"å~°∞. D ¿Ñ~°∞#∞ =∞^躌 Ü«ÚQÆOÖ’ =∞ǨÏ=∞‡nÜ«∞ ѨiáêʼnõΩÅ∞ ÃÑ\Ïì~∞° . P HÍÅOÖ’ P „áêO`«=∞O`å XHõ ѨiáêÅ<å qÉèÏQÆOQÍ =ÙO_Õk. P „áêO`«O ã¨=Ú„^Œf~°OÖ’ "åºÑ≤Oz LO_»@O =Å¡ ^•xfl '™êQÆ~° ã‘=∞— JO\Ï~°∞. `«∂~°∞ÊQÀ^•=i lÖÏ¡Ö’ J=∞ÖÏѨÙ~°O `åÅ∂HÍÖ’ 'HÀ#ã‘=∞— J<Õ ¿Ñ~°∞ QÆÅ „Ѩ^âÕ O◊ LOk. Jk<Õ\ H˜ © P ¿Ñ~°∞`À<Õ =º=ǨÏiOѨ|_»∞`«∂ =ÙOk. H˘O`« Éè∂í ÉèÏQÆO HÀ}OQÍ ã¨=Ú„^ŒOÖ’H˜ K˘K«∞ÛH˘xáÈ~Ú =ÙO_»_O» =Å¡ ^•xHÍ¿Ñ~°∞ =zÛOk. `≥Å∞QÆ∞"å~°∞ x=ã≤OKÕ „Ѩ^âÕ ßxH˜ "≥Ú^Œ\ #˜ ∞O_ç U ¿Ñ~°∞ LO_Õ^À `≥eÜ«∞^Œ∞. S`«~ˆ Ü«∞ „ÉÏǨχ}OÖ’x â◊√#âı≈ѨÙx Hõ^ÖŒä ’ PO„^è*Œ Ïu ¿Ñ~˘¯#|_çOk. HÍh "å~°∞ x=ã≤OKÕ „Ѩ^âÕ O◊ K≥Ñʨ |_»Ö^Ë ∞Œ . ~å=∂Ü«∞} HÍÅOÖ’ <Õ\ ˜ PO„^茄Ѩ^ÕâòÖ’x H˘O`«ÉèÏQÆO ^ŒO_»HÍ~°}ºOQÍ L#fl@∞¡ `≥Å∞ã¨∞ÎOk. N~å=∞K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ x=ã≤Oz# „Ѩ^âÕ ßÅ∞ H˘xfl PO„^è^Œ âÕ O◊ Ö’ =Ù<åfl~Ú. Jq Éè„í ^•K«ÅO ã¨g∞ѨOÖ’x Ѩ~â‚° ßÅ „áêO`«O Ö’xq. J^Õ ^ŒO_»HÍ~°}ºO. J^Õ â◊¥~°Ê}Y ™È^Œ~∞° Öˇ#· Y~°^∂Œ +¨}Ïk ~åHõãΔ ∞¨ Å∞O_ç# „Ѩ^âÕ O◊ . =∞ǨÉèÏ~°`«OÖ’ PO„^èŒ*Ïu QÆ∞iOz# „Ѩ™êÎ=# HõxÑ≤ã¨∞ÎOk. =∞ǨÉèÏ~°`« HÍÅOÖ’ PO„^èŒ∞Å∞ ^ŒH} Δ˜ ÏѨ^"Œä åã¨∞Åx `≥Å∞ã¨∞OÎ k. "åi x"åã¨É∂íè q∞ <Õ\ ˜ PO„^è^Œ âÕ =◊ ∞x K≥Ñʨ =K«∞Û. É∫^Œú Ü«ÚQÆOÖ’ PO„^è^Œ âÕ ßxH˜ =∞Or~° ^Õâ=◊ ∞h, =„[^Õâ=◊ ∞h, <åQÆÉ∂íè q∞ Jh ¿Ñ~°∞¡ LO_Õ=x `≥Å∞ã¨∞OÎ k. „Ѩâfl◊ : 1. PO„^è^Œ âÕ O◊ Ö’x „Ѩ^•è # „áêO`åÖËq?

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=∞Or~° ^ÕâO◊ : =∞Or~° ^ÕâO◊ WѨÊ\˜ `≥ÅOQÍ}ωõΩ =º=Ǩ~° <å=∞OQÍ LO_Õk. x*Ï=∂ÉÏ^£ lÖÏ¡Ö’ „Ѩ=Ç≤ÏOKÕ =∞Or~° #k =Å¡ P ¿Ñ~°∞ U~°Ê_çOk. =∞Or~° #k QÀ^•=i #kH˜ LѨ#k. É∫^Œú „QÆO^ä•Ö’¡ nxfl '=O[~°— Jx ¿Ñ~˘¯<åfl~°∞. HõoOQÆ ^ÕâßxH˜ =ÚYº Ѩ@} ì "≥∞#ÿ ^ŒO`«ÑÙ¨ ~åxH˜ =∞OriHÍ^ÕâO◊ ^ŒH} Δ˜ kâ◊Ö’ L#fl@∞¡ É∫^Œú „QÆO^ä•Ö’¡ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk.

=„[ ^ÕâO◊ : PO„^è^Œ âÕ ßxH˜ '=„[^Õâ=◊ ∞<Õ— ¿Ñ~°∞ ‰õÄ_® É∫^Œ*ú Ï`«Hõ „QÆO^ä•ÅÖ’ Hõ#|_»∞`«∞Ok. ^è~Œ } ° H˜ À@‰õΩ L`«~Î ° ÉèÏQÆOÖ’ Ѩi\ÏÅ =^ŒÌ ѨÓ~°fiHÍÅO #∞Oz =„*ÏÅ∞ ^˘~°∞‰õΩ`«∞<åfl~Ú. É∫^Œ∞Åú „"å`«ÅÖ’ |∞^Œ∞xú ^ŒO`åÅ#∞ QÆ∞iOz KåÖÏ Hõ^ÅŒä ∞ L<åfl~Ú. HõoOQÆ ^ÕâÑ◊ Ù¨ ~å[‰õΩ=∂Ô~,Î P"≥∞ Éè~í ΰ |∞^Œú ÉèQí "Æ å#∞x ^ŒO`«O QÆÅ ÃÑ>ˇì#∞ fã¨∞H˘x ^ŒO`«Ñ¨Ù~°O #∞O_ç |Ü«∞Å∞^Õi F_» <≥H˜¯ ã≤OǨÏàÏxH˜ (<Õ\ ˜ NÅOHõ) „Ѩܫ∂}O KÕã∞¨ #Î flѨC_»∞ ^•iÖ’ gi F_» =„*ÏÅk<≥fl J<Õ KÀ@ "≥∞~°Hõ ZH˜¯Ok. P =„*ÏÅk<≥fl <åQÆ~åAÅ∞ áêeOz# ^è•#ºHõ@HõO. ^è~Œ å‡â’‰õΩ_»∞ J<Õ <åQÆ~åA =„*ÏÅk<≥fl =^ŒÌ XHõ ^Õ"åÅÜ«∂xfl Hõ\ Oì˜ Kå_»x ã≤OǨÏà◊ ^Õâ◊ „QÆO^ä•Ö’¡ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. P HÍÅOÖ’ QÀ^•=iH˜ `«∂~°∞Ê Éè∂í ÉèÏQÆO HõoOQÆOQÍ QÆ∞iÎOKå~°∞. Hõ$ëê‚QÀ^•=i #^Œ∞Å =∞^躌 ÉèÏQÆO, Hõ$ëê‚#kH˜ kQÆ∞= „áêO`«O, <≥Å∂¡~∞° , QÆ∞uÎ, HõO^Œ<ÀÅ∞ (<Õ\ ˜ Hõ~∂° flÅ∞) =∞O_»ÖÏÅ#∞ =„[Éè∂í q∞QÍ P HÍÅOÖ’ QÆ∞iÎOKå~°∞.

<åQÆÉ∂íè q∞ : É∫^Œú Hõ^ÅŒä Ö’ PO„^è^Œ âÕ O◊ <åQÆÉ∂íè q∞QÍ ‰õÄ_® K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. QÆOQÍ#k =ÚY^•fi~åxH˜ ã≤OǨÏà◊ nfiáêxH˜ =∞^躌 # LO_Õ „Ѩ^âÕ O◊ <åQÆ∞Å x"å㨠Éè∂í q∞QÍ LO_Õk. <åQÆ∞Å∞ |∞^Œ∞xú =∞`«O Ѩ@¡ ÉèHí Θ qâßfi™êÅ∞ Hõey LO_Õ"å~°∞. <åQÆ~åA `«^•ä QÆ`∞« x Ѩq„`«"∞≥ #ÿ Jã≤H÷ Åõ ∞ ã¨OáêkOz "å\˜ÃÑ· =„*ÏÅk<≥fl =^ŒÌ ã¨∂Ñ÷ O¨ xi‡OKå_»∞. J^Õ J=∞~å=u ã¨∂Ñ÷ O¨ . D <åQÆ~åA ã≤OǨÏà◊ nfiáêxH˜ ~å*ˇ#· "Õ∞Ѷ∞¨ =~°∞x‚ H˜ q∞„`«∞_»x, "Õ∞Ѷ∞¨ =~°∞_‚ ∞» <åQÆ~åA =^Œ#Ì ∞#fl |∞^Œ∞xú Ѩq„`« Pã≤H÷ Åõ #∞ á⁄O^≥#x É∫^Œú Hõ^ÅŒä ∞ K≥ÑÙ¨ <Î åfl~Ú. D Hõ^Œä PO„^è^Œ âÕ ßxH˜ ã¨O|OkèOzOk. É∫^ŒÜ ú Ú« QÆOÖ’ ã≤OǨÏà◊nfiáêxH˜ <åQÆ nfiѨO, ~°`fl« nfiѨO Jx ¿Ñ~°∞¡ LO_Õq.

„Ѩâ◊flÅ∞ 1. 2. 3.

=∞Or~° ^Õâ=◊ ∞x PO„^è^Œ âÕ ßxH˜ ¿Ñ~Ô ÖÏ =zÛOk? PO„^è^Œ âÕ ßxH˜ =„[^Õâ=◊ ∞<Õ ¿Ñ~°∞ ZÖÏ =zÛOk? PO„^è^Œ âÕ ßxH˜ <åQÆÉ∂íè q∞ J<Õ ¿Ñ~°∞ ZÖÏ =zÛOk?

V

156

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

„ueOQÆ ^ÕâO◊ : PO„^è^Œ âÕ ßxH˜ ѨÓ~°fiO L#fl ¿Ñ~°Ö¡ ’ '„ueOQÆ ^ÕâO◊ — J<Õk =ÚYº"≥∞Oÿ k. '`≥Å∞QÆ∞— â◊ÉÏÌxH˜ ѨÓ~°fi~°∂ѨO „ueOQÆ Jx, „uHõeOQÆ Jx ѨO_ç`∞« ÅÖ’ aè#fl Jaè„áêÜ«∂Å∞ L<åfl~Ú. HÍHõfÜ«∞ „Ѩ`åѨ~∞° „^Œ K«„Hõ=iÎ P™ê÷#Hõq J~Ú# q^•º<å^ä∞Œ _»∞ `«# '„Ѩ`åѨ~∞° „^Œ Ü«∞â’Éè∂í +¨}O—Ö’ PO„^è^Œ âÕ O◊ =¸_»∞ „Ѩã^≤ úŒ â‹=· Hˆ „Δ `åÅKÕ áê=#"≥∞Oÿ ^Œx, Jq Nâ‹Å· O, HÍàıâfi◊ ~°O, „^•HΔÍ~å=∞O Jx, W"Õ „ueOQÆ ã¨O[˝#∞ D ^ÕâßxH˜ HõeyOKåÜ«∞x K≥áêÊ_»∞. „ueOQÆ â◊|OÌ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ qHõ$u '`≥Å∞QÆ∞— Jx "åºHõ~} ° "Õ`ÅΫ ∞ K≥áêÎ~∞° . `≥Å∞QÆ∞ J<Õ ~°∂Ѩ"∞Õ "≥Ú^Œ\ ^˜ xŒ , „ueOQÆ â◊|OÌ Ñ¨O_ç`∞« Å∞ KÕã#≤ ã¨O㨯 $fHõ~} ° =∞x P^è∞Œ xHõ q=∞~°≈‰õΩÅ∞ ÉèÏqã¨∞<Î åfl~°∞. „H©.â◊. 150 ã¨O=`«û~åÅHÍÅO <å\˜ „w‰õΩ Éè∂í QÀà◊ âßGA˝_∞» '\ÏÖˇg∞— `«# „QÆO^äOŒ Ö’ '\˜eOQÍ<£— J<Õ Ñ¨^OŒ LѨÜ∂≥ yOKå_»∞. |~å‡Ö’ '`≥Å· OQÆ∞— Jx Ñ≤Å∞=|_Õ *Ïu „Ѩ[Å∞ L<åfl~°∞. H˘O^Œ~∞° Ѩiâ’^艌 Ωõ Å∞ „ueOQÆ â◊|OÌ „uHõeOQÆ â◊|ÉÌ =íè =∞x K≥ÑÙ¨ <Î åfl~°∞. „uHõeOQÆ Ñ¨^OŒ âßã¨<åÅÖ’ HõxÊã¨∞#Î flk. QÀ^•=i `«∂~°∞Ê f~°O #∞O_ç =∞Ǩ#k =~°‰Ωõ QÆÅ ^ÕâO◊ ѨÓ~°fiHÍÅOÖ’ 'HõoOQÆ—QÍ Ñ≤Å∞=|_Õk. `≥<åe ~å=∞Hõ$+¨‚ Hõq `«# áêO_»∞~°OQÆ =∞Ǩ`«‡ºOÖ’ 'Ñ‘iHî ÍѨÙ~°O— HõoOQÆ ^Õâ◊ PÉè~í } ° O Jx =i‚OKå_»∞. Ñ‘iHî ÍѨÙ~°O J#QÍ Ñ≤+Ñì¨ Ù¨ ~°O. J^Õ <Õ\ ˜ 'Ñ≤~åî ѨÙ~°O—. Wk QÀ^•=iH˜ L`«~Î O° Ö’ LOk. HõoOQÆO =¸_»∞ ÉèÏQÍÅ∞QÍ LO_Õk. =∞¿ÇÏO„^Œyi #∞O_ç qâßYѨ@} ì O lÖÏ¡ cè=Úx Ѩ@} ì O =~°‰Ωõ QÆÅ „áêO`«O L`«~Î ° HõoOQÆO ÖËHõ L`«¯à◊O J<Õ"å~°∞. cè=Úx Ѩ@} ì O `åÅ∂H͉õΩ K≥Ok# Éè’QÆÑÙ¨ ~°O =∞^躌 HõoOQÆ ^ÕâO◊ Ö’x^Œx `«∂~°∞Ê Kåà◊√Hõº =Oâ◊ã∞¨ _÷ #·≥ 'H˘H˜¯e =~°‡— =∞Ǩ~åA ÉÁ_Õ~¤ ∞° âßã¨#OÖ’ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. QÀ^•=i #∞O_ç cè=Úx Ѩ@} ì O =~°‰Ωõ QÆÅ „Ѩ^âÕ ßxfl '^ŒH} Δ˜ HõoOQÆO— J<Õ"å~°∞. D =¸_»∞ HõoOQÍÅ ã¨g∞Hõ~} ° "Õ∞ „uHõeOQÆO. LKåÛù~}° "ÕQOÆ KÕ`« „uHõeOQÆ â◊|OÌ Ö’x 'Hõ—HÍ~°O =∂Ü«∞"≥∞ÿ „ueOQÆ â◊|OÌ q∞yeO^ŒO@∞<åfl~°∞. WÖÏ U~°Ê_ç# „ueOQÆ â◊|OÌ "å_»∞HõÖ’ LO_»QÍ q^•º<å^ä∞Œ _À ÖËHõ W`«~° ã¨O㨯 $`« q^•fiOã¨∞Ö’ =¸_»∞ t=eOQÍÅ =∞^躌 „Ѩ^âÕ =◊ ∞x J~°O÷ HõeÊOz LO_»=K«∞Û. Nâ‹·ÅO, „^•HΔÍ~å=∞O, HÍàıâ◊fi~°O J<Õ „ueOQÆ â‹·=ˆHΔ„`åÅÖ’ Nâ‹·ÅO Hõ~°∂flÅ∞ lÖÏ¡Ö’ LOk. „^•HΔÍ~å=∞O `«∂~°∞ÊQÀ^•=i lÖÏ¡Ö’ LOk.HÍàıâfi◊ ~°O `≥ÅOQÍ}ÏÖ’x HõsO#QÆ~ü lÖÏ¡Ö’ QÀ^•=i „áê}Ç≤Ï`« ã¨OQÆ=∞™ê÷# „áêO`«OÖ’ LOk. D q^èOŒ QÍ PO„^è^Œ âÕ O◊ Ö’x „Ѩã^≤ úŒ qÉèÏQÍÖˇ#· ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞, ™êQÆ~ã° =‘ ∞, `≥ÅOQÍ}O J<Õ =¸_»∞ „Ѩ^âÕ ßÅ∞ `≥Å∞QÆ∞"åi Ѩq„`«"∞≥ #ÿ HÍ}Ïz Jx `≥Å∞ã¨∞#Î flk.

„Ѩâ◊flÅ∞ 1. 2. 3.

„ueOQÆ ^ÕâO◊ QÆ∞iOz „"åÜ«∞O_ç? HõoOQÆO Zxfl ÉèÏQÍÅ∞QÍ LO_Õk? "å\˜x QÆ∞iOz „"åÜ«∞O_ç? `≥Å∞QÆ∞ "åi Ѩq„`« HÍ}Ïz Uk?

V

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157

HõoOQÆ∞Å∞ : HõoOQÆ∞ʼnõΩ P ¿Ñ~°∞ ã¨=Ú„^Œf~° Éè∂í =ÚÅÖ’ x=ã≤OK«_O» =Å¡ =zÛOk. HõoOQÆO JO>Ë J#∂ѨO ÖË^• '[Å=∞Ü«∞ „Ѩ^âÕ O◊ — Jx J~°O÷ . [Å=∞Ü«∞OQÍ LO_Õ PO„^è^Œ âÕ Ñ◊ Ù¨ ™êQÆ~° „áêO`åxH˜ HõoOQÆ ã¨O[˝ KåÖÏ HÍÅO =~°‰Ωõ xezOk. ÉèÏ~°`^« âÕ O◊ #∞O_ç `«∂~°∞Ê ã¨=Ú„^Œ n=ÙʼnõΩ, ^ÕâßʼnõΩ =Å㨠áÈ~Ú#k "≥Ú@ì"Ú≥ ^Œ@ HõoOQÆ∞ÖË. PÜ«∂ „Ѩ^âÕ ßÅÖ’ g~°∞ ã≤~÷ ° x"å™êÅ∞ U~°Ê~°K∞« ‰õΩ<åfl~°∞. gi `«~åfi`« ^Œ∂~°^âÕ ßʼnõΩ =Åã¨"o≥ §# "åà◊√§ `«q∞à◊√Å∞. "≥Ú^Œ@ „áê^äqŒ ∞Hõ =Åã¨[#∞Å∞ HõoOQÆ∞Å∞ HÍ=_»O KÕ`« `«~åfi`« =zÛ# "åix ‰õÄ_® HõoOQÆ∞Å∞QÍ ÉèÏqOz „áêK«º n=ÙÅÖ’x [#∞Å∞ "åà◊#¡ ∞ 'H˜O¡ QÆ∞— Åx Ñ≤eKå~°∞.

„Ѩâ◊fl 1.

HõoOQÆ *Ïux QÆ∂iÛ „"åÜ«∞O_ç?

V `≥#∞QÆ∞ : `≥Å∞QÆ∞ â◊|OÌ ÖÏQÍ<Õ '`≥#∞QÆ∞— J<Õ Ñ¨^OŒ ‰õÄ_® PO„^è∞Œ Å#∞ ¿Ñ~˘¯#_»OÖ’ „áê=ÚYºO Hõey LOk. „QÆO^äŒ „ѨÜ∂≥ QÆO |\˜ì K«∂¿ãÎ `≥Å∞QÆ∞ Ѩ^OŒ Hõ#fl `≥#∞QÆ∞ Ѩ^"Œ ∞Õ Ñ¨Ó~°fi"≥∞Oÿ ^ŒxÑ≤ã∞¨ OÎ k. "åQÆ#∞âßã¨#∞_»∞ Jx ¿Ñ~°∞ á⁄Ok# ##flÜ«∞ `«# PO„^èŒ =∞ǨÉèÏ~°`å=`åiHõÖ’ `≥#∞QÆ∞ J<Õ Ñ¨^•<Õfl „ѨÜ∂≥ yOKå_»∞. `≥Å∞QÆ∞ â◊|OÌ „ueOQÆ â◊|OÌ #∞O_ç =zÛ#@∞¡ `≥#∞QÆ∞ Ѩ^OŒ „u#QÆ â◊|OÌ #∞O_ç =zÛO^Œx ѨO_ç`∞« Å∞ K≥áêÎ~∞° . „u#QÆ=ÚÅ∞ J#QÍ =¸_»∞ Ѩ~fi° `åÅ∞. =∞¿ÇÏO„^Œyi, HÍà◊ÇϨ ã≤Î tY~°O, Nâ‹Å· Ѩ~fi° `«O J<Õq „u#QÆ=ÚÅ∞. HÍh WO`«H<õ åfl ã¨ÇϨ ["≥∞#ÿ =Ùº`«ÊuÎ '`≥<{£ JQÆ∞— J<Õk `≥<£ J#QÍ „^•q_» ÉèÏ+¨Ö’ ^ŒH} Δ˜ O Jx J~°O÷ JO>Ë ^ŒH} Δ˜ Ïaè=ÚYOQÍ ã¨OK«iOz#"å~°∞, ^ŒH} Δ˜ Ï# L#fl"åà◊√§ `≥#∞QÆ∞ "åà◊√§ Jx J~°O÷ „^•q_» *ÏuH˜ K≥Ok# D `≥#∞QÆ∞ "åà◊√§ "≥Ú@ì"Ú≥ ^Œ@ qO^躌 Ѩ~fi° `« áê^•Å „áêO`«OÖ’ x=ã≤ã∂¨ Î P~°∞ºÅ =uÎ_ç KÕ`« ^ŒH} Δ˜ ÏxH˜ "≥àϧeû =zÛOk. HÍ=Ù# gà◊√§ '^ŒH} Δ˜ Ï`«∞ºÅ∞— ÖËHõ '`≥#∞QÆ∞"å~°∞— Jx Ñ≤Å∞=|_ç<å~°∞. `≥#∞QÆ∞ "å~°∞ '`≥ÅQÆ— "åiQÍ =∂~å~°∞. `≥ÅQÍÅ∞, `≥ÅQÍ}∞ºÅ∞ "≥Ú^ŒÖ#·ˇ Ѩ^•Å∞ W>Ë¡ U~°Ê_®¤~Ú. `≥Å∞QÀà◊√§ J<Õ =∂@ <Õ\ H˜ © [#∞Å "å_»∞HõÖ’ =ÙOk.

„Ѩâ◊fl 1.

'`≥#∞QÆ∞— Ѩ^OŒ „áê=ÚYº`« QÆ∞iOz „"åÜ«∞O_ç?

V "ÕOy ^ÕâO◊ : `«∂~°∞Ê Hõ#∞=∞Å #∞O_ç ã¨=Ú„^ŒO =~°‰Ωõ Hõ$ëê‚ QÀ^•=~°∞Å =∞^躌 qã¨iÎ Oz L#fl f~° „áêO`åxH˜ ѨÓ~°fiO '"ÕOy— Jx ¿Ñ~°∞ LO_Õk. n<Õfl '^ŒQúÆ ~åRO— Jx ‰õÄ_® Ñ≤eKÕ"å~°∞. ѨÓ~°fiO J~°}º=∞Ü«∞"≥∞#ÿ

158

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

D „áêO`åxfl `«QÅÆ Éˇ\ ì˜ [#x"å™êxH˜ J#∞‰õÄÅOQÍ =∂~°∞ÛHÀ=_»O =Å¡ '^ŒQ~úÆ åRO— J<Õ ¿Ñ~°∞ =zÛOk. ##flÜ«∞ '~å[=∞¿ÇÏO„^Œ=~åxfl— "ÕOy ^ÕâßxH˜ <åÜ«∞Hõ=∞}˜ (=ÚYº Ѩ@} ì O) Jx K≥áêÊ_»∞. âßÅOHÍÜ«∞# ~åAÅ #∞Oz `«∂~°∞Ê Kåà◊√‰õꧏ =~°‰Ωõ =ÚYº Ѩ@} ì OQÍ LO@∂ =zÛ# '"ÕOy #QÆ~O° — #∞Oz "ÕOy^ÕâO◊ J<Õ ¿Ñ~°∞ =zÛOk. ã¨=Ú„^Œ QÆ∞ѨÙxÎ 'JÅǨÉÏ^£ âßã¨#O—Ö’ D „áêO`åxfl áêeOz#~åA "≥O· Qˆ Ü«∞ ǨÏã≤=Î ~°‡ Jx K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. "ÕOy WѨÊ\˜ UÅ∂~°∞ Ѩ@} ì ÏxH˜ ã¨g∞ѨOÖ’ LOk. Wk WѨC_»∞ ѨÓ~°fi "≥É· =íè O HÀÖ’Ê~Ú z#fl ѨÖQ¡ˇ Í xezOk. ÃÑ^Œ"yÕ , z#"Õy J<Õ ‰õΩ„QÍ=∂ÖË nx J=âıëêÅ∞. WHõ¯_» Éè∂í QÆ~ƒ° Où Ö’ `«qfi`Õ „áêp# tkäÖÏÅ∞ HõxÑ≤ã∞¨ <Î åfl~Ú. UÅ∂~°∞ ~Ô Ö· fiË ¿ã+ì <¨ ‰£ Ωõ `«~åfi`« L#fl ^≥O^Œ∞Å∂~°∞ ‰õÄ_» ѨÓ~°fiHÍÅѨ٠K«i„`« Hõey#^Õ. ^≥O^Œ∞Å∂~°∞ q+¨μ‰‚ Ωõ O_ç# =Oâ◊~åAʼnõΩ =ÚYº #QÆ~O° QÍ LO_Õk. "ÕOy #QÆ~åxH˜ ã¨g∞ѨOÖ’ ÃÑ^ŒÌ =∞Ozh\˜ [ÖÏâ◊Ü∞« O XHõ\ ˜ LOk. nx<Õ 'H˘ÖË~¡ ∞° ã¨~ã° ∞¨ û— JO\Ï~°∞. Wk [ÅѨ‰ΩΔõ ʼnõΩ xÅÜ«∞"≥∞ÿ KåÖÏ qã‘~Î O‚° Hõey ~°=∞ºOQÍ LO@∞Ok.

„Ѩâ◊fl 1.

"ÕOy^ÕâO◊ QÆ∞iOz „"åÜ«∞O_ç?

V PO„^è^Œ âÕ O◊ – =∞O_»Å=ÚÅ∞, q+¨Ü∞« =ÚÅ∞ : D<å_»∞ lÖÏ¡Å∞ `åÅ∞HÍÅ∞ =Öˇ<Õ Ñ¨Ó~°fiHÍÅOÖ’ D ^ÕâO◊ ѨiáêÅ<å ™œHõ~åºxH˜ ~åRO, q+¨Ü∞« O PǨ~°O, <å_»∞ "≥Ú^ŒÖ#·ˇ qÉèÏQÍÅ∞ Hõey LO_Õk. g\˜ ã¨iǨÏ^Œ∞ÅÌ ∞ WѨC_»∞ YzÛ`«OQÍ QÆ∞iÎOK«_®xH˜ gÅ∞ HÍ^Œ∞. g\˜ =ÚYº Ѩ@} ì ÏÅ ¿Ñ~°∞`À Wq Ñ≤Å∞=|_ç#@∞¡QÍ HõxÑ≤ã∞¨ OÎ k.

PǨ~åÅ∞ : âß`«"åǨÏ#∞Å HÍÅOÖ’ PǨ~åÅ∞ J<Õ =∂O_»eHõ ã¨O[˝Å∞ LO_Õq. QÀ=~°<ú åǨ~°, =∂=∞ÖÏǨ~°, ™ê`«"åǨÏ<åǨ~åÅ∞ âßã¨<åÖ’¡ ¿Ñ~˘¯#|_®¤~Ú. QÀ=~°#ú #QÆ~O° Hˆ O„^Œ ™ê÷#OQÍ Hõe#æ k QÀ=~°#ú Ǩ~°O. Wk =∞Ǩ~åRÖ’ LOk. ™ê`«"åǨÏ<åǨ~°O |àÏ¡i lÖÏ¡ P^Àx „áêO`«O. Wk âß`«"åǨÏ#∞Å [#‡ ™ê÷#O Jx H˘O^Œ~∞° Ѩiâ’^艌 Ωõ Å Jaè„áêÜ«∞O. |$ǨÏ`«ÊÖù ÏÜ«∞# [Ü«∞=~°‡ =∞Ǩ~åA H˘O_»=Úk âßã¨#OÖ’ '‰õÄ_»∂~°∞ Ǩ~°O— Ö’x 'áêO@∂~° „QÍ=∞O— ^•#OQÍ W=fi|_çOk Jx L#flk. ‰õÄ_»∂~°∞ Ǩ~°O „Ѩã∞¨ `Î O« |O^Œ~∞° „áêO`åxH˜ =iÎã∞¨ OÎ k.

Ѩ^äŒO : Ѩ^OŒä J<Õk =∞~˘Hõ qÉèÏQÆO. ÃÑ~· #°î Ѩ^OŒä nxH˜ L^•Ç¨Ï~°}. Ѩ^OŒä J<Õ ã¨O[˝ =∞O_»ÅO Hõ<åfl qã‘~Î "‚° ∞≥ #ÿ ^ÕâÉ◊ Ïè QÍxH˜ ‰õÄ_® "å_»|_çOk. ^ŒH}Δ˜ Ï Ñ¨^OŒä qO^躌 ‰õΩ ^ŒH}Δ˜ Ï# L#fl qã¨Î $`« ^Õâßxfl ã¨∂zã¨∞OÎ k. t=㨯O^è=Œ ~°‡ '"≥∞^ÿ "Œ ÀÅ∞ âßã¨#O—Ö’ PO„^è^Œ âÕ ßxH˜ 'JO^èÑŒ ^¨ OŒä — Jx K≥Ñʨ |_çOk.

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

159

~åRO : ~åRO J<Õ qÉèÏQÆO 'JÅ∂¡~∞° — âßã¨#OÖ’ ¿Ñ~˘¯#|_çOk. J=∞~å=u âßã¨#O XHõ\ ˜ ѨÓy ~å¢ëêìxfl L^•Ç¨Ï~°}QÍ ¿Ñ~˘¯Ok. Wk `«~åfiu HÍÅOÖ’ 'áêHõ<å_»∞—QÍ HõxÑ≤ã¨∞ÎOk. WHΔÍfi‰õΩ =OjÜ«Ú_≥·# g~°ÑÙ¨ ~°∞+¨^`Œ ∞« xÎ [QÆÜ æ ∞« º¿Ñ@ âßã¨#OÖ’ 'Hõ~‡° ~åR— x"åã≤ J~Ú# XHõ ^•`« „ѨâO◊ 㨠=zÛOk. Wk „Ѩã∞¨ `Î O« QÆ∞O@∂~°∞ =∞O_»ÖÏxH˜ K≥Ok#k. „Ѩã∞¨ `Î O« Hõ_Ñ» ¨ =∞O_»ÅOÖ’x '[=∞‡Å=∞_»H—õ `åÅ∂H͉õΩ JѨC_»∞ 'Ç≤Ï~°}º~åRO— Jx ¿Ñ~°∞O_Õk. „H©.â◊. „áê~°OÉèí â◊`å|ÌOÖ’ Hõ$ëê‚#kH˜ ^ŒH}Δ˜ Ï# `«∂~°∞Ê ã¨=Ú„^Œf~°O #∞Oz ѨtÛ=∂# HÀÖÏ~°∞ =∞O_»ÅO =~°‰Ωõ PO„^èÑŒ ^¨ OŒä J<Õ ¿Ñ~°∞`À „Ѩãk≤ ú K≥Ok LO_Õk. =∞#‰õΩ `≥eã≤#O`« =~°‰Ωõ Wk <åÅ∞QÆ∞ ~å¢ëêìÅ∞QÍ qÉèlí OѨ|_ç LO_Õk. 1. `«∂~°∞Ê Hõ~‡° ~åRO, 2. ^•xH˜ ѨtÛ=∂# Ç≤Ï~°}º ~åRO, 3. ^•xH˜ Ѩ_=» ∞@ Hõ<åfl_»∞ 4. WѨÊ\˜ |àϧi „áêO`«OÖ’x ™ê`«"åǨÏ# ~åRO.

„Ѩâ◊fl 1.

ѨÓ~°fiHÍÅOÖ’ ѨiáêÅ# qÉèÏQÍÅ∞ Uq? "å\˜x QÆ∞iOz ~åÜ«∞O_ç?

V <å_»∞ : =∞^躌 Ü«ÚQÆOÖ’ ™ê÷xHõ qÉèÏQÍÅÖ’ '<å_»∞— J<Õ ã¨O[˝ ã¨~fi° ™ê=∂#ºO. W@∞=O\˜ "å\˜Ö’ "Õy<å_»∞, "≥Å<å_»∞, áêHõ<å_»∞, ѨÖÏfl_»∞ (ѨÅ=¡ <å_»∞) "≥Ú^ŒÖ#·ˇ q „Ѩã^≤ •úÖ#·ˇ q. `«∂~°∞Ê ã¨=Ú„^•xH˜, Hõ#∞=∞ʼnõΩ, Hõ$ëê‚ – QÀ^•=i #^Œ∞ʼnõΩ =∞^躌 Ö’ L#fl „áêO`«O "Õy<å_»∞. QÆ∞O@∂~°∞ =∞O_»ÅOÖ’x 'K«O^Œ"ÀÅ∞— „áêO`«O "≥Å<å_»∞ Jx Ñ≤Å∞=|_çOk. "≥Å<å\˜ KÀ_»∞Å∞ JHõ¯_» ѨiáêÅ# KÕâß~°∞. QÆ∞O@∂~°∞ #∞O_ç =Ú<Õfl~°∞ =~°‰Ωõ "åºÑ≤Oz# ^ÕâßxH˜ 'Hõ=∞‡<å_»∞— Jx ¿Ñ~°∞. =Ú<Õfl~°∞ #∞O_ç ÃÑ#fl =~°‰Ωõ QÆÅ „áêO`«O áêHõ<å_»∞ Jx Ñ≤Å∞=|_çOk. ѨÅ=¡ ÙÅ [#‡ ™ê÷# qÉèÏQÆO 'ѨÅ=¡ <å_»∞— ÖËHõ 'ѨÖÏfl_»∞—. PO„^èŒ "≥k· Hõ „ÉÏǨχ}∞ÅÖ’ "Õy<å\˜, "≥Å<å\˜, =ÚÅHõ<å\˜, HÍã¨Å<å\˜ âßYÅ "å~°∞ L<åfl~°∞ =ÚÅHõÅ∞ J#∞"å~°∞ "≥∞^ŒH± lÖÏ¡ „ÉÏǨχ}Ë`~« ∞° ÅÖ’#∂ L<åfl~°∞. gà◊√§ PÜ«∂ <å_»∞ÅÖ’ "≥Ú^Œ@ x=ã≤Oz# "åÔ~#· O^Œ∞=Å¡ "åi âßYʼnõΩ P ã¨O[˝Å∞ HõeQÍ~Ú. =ÚÅHõ<å\˜ "åix J[˝`K« Õ =ÚiH˜<å\˜ "å~°x Ö’HõO =º=ǨÏiã¨∞OÎ k. =ÚÅHõ<å_»∞ J<Õk KåÖÏ „áêp#"≥∞#ÿ ^Õâq◊ ÉèÏQÆOQÍ HõxÑ≤ã∞¨ OÎ k. Q“`«g∞ Ѩل`«âß`«Hiõ ‚ [~ÚOz# ~å¢ëêìÅÖ’ =ÚÅHõ^âÕ O◊ LOk. Wk ÃÑ~· #°î ∞ „áêO`åxH˜ =iÎã∞¨ OÎ ^Œx Kåi„`«‰Ωõ Å ÉèÏ=#. HÍh `«~åfiu HÍÅOÖ’ D ¿Ñ~°∞ WѨÊ\˜ Hõ_Ñ» ¨ lÖÏ¡Ö’ H˘O`« ÉèÏQÍxH˜ K≥Å∞¡`∂« =zÛOk. HÍã¨Å<å_»∞ J<Õ „áêO`«O `≥ÅOQÍ}ÏÖ’x Ѩ~åî <£ K≥~∞° =Ù (á⁄@¡ K≥~∞° =Ù) Ѩiã¨~° „Ѩ^âÕ O◊ . PO„^èŒ xÜ≥∂y „ÉÏǨχ}∞ÅÖ’ ‰õÄ_® ѨÓ~°fiO '<å_»∞— qÉèÏQÍÅ∞ LO_Õq. =∞ǨHõq N<å^ä∞Œ _»∞ 'áêHõ<å\˜O\˜ "å_»=Ù— Jx ã¨OÉ’kèOѨ|_®¤_∞» . xÜ≥∂QÆ∞ÅÖ’ KåÖÏ „Ѩãk≤ ú QÆÅ P~°∞ "ÕÅ âßYÅ "å~°∞ 'P~°∞ "ÕÅ<å_»∞—‰õΩ K≥Ok#"åà◊√§. D P~°∞"ÕÅ <å_»∞ "≥Å<å_»∞‰õΩ =∂~°∞¿Ñ~°∞. "≥Å<å_»∞ P~°∞"ÕÅ „QÍ=∂ŠѨiq∞u HõÅk

160

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

HÍ=_»O =Å¡ nxHÍ ¿Ñ~°∞ =zÛOk. nxH˜ ã¨O㨯 $`«OÖ’ '+¨@ûǨτã¨^âÕ O◊ — Jx ¿Ñ~°∞. Hõ$ëê‚#n „áêO`«O P~°∞"ÕÅ<å_»∞QÍ Ñ≤Å∞=|_Õk.

„Ѩâ◊fl 1.

ѨÓ~°fiHÍÅO áêÅ<å qÉèÏQÆ"∞≥ #ÿ '<å_»∞— QÆ∞iOz „"åÜ«∞O_ç?

V ã‘=∞ : `≥ÅOQÍ}ÏÖ’x „áêp# =∂O_»eHõ ã‘=∞Å∞ Jã¨Ê+¨ìOQÍ `≥Å∞ã¨∞Î<åfl~Ú. q[Ü«∞"å_»‰õΩ Ñ¨tÛ=∂# =∞kè~° „áêO`«O '#`«"å\˜ã=‘ ∞— Jx Ñ≤Å∞=|_çOk. nxH˜ ѨtÛ=∂# 'H˘éqã‘=∞— L#flk. Wk WѨÊ\˜ _À~°flHõÅ∞¡ =∂#∞HÀ@ Ѩiã¨~^° âÕ O◊ . H˘éqH˜ ѨtÛ=∂# J#∞=∞H˘O_» q+¨Ü∞« =Ú L#flk. WѨÊ\˜ HõsO#QÆ~ü lÖÏ¡‰Ωõ P<å_»∞ ã¨aƒ™ê~Ú~° =∞O_»ÅO, ã¨aƒ<å\˜ =∞O_»ÅO J<Õ ¿Ñ~°∞¡ L<åfl~Ú. Ѩ^‡Œ ѨÙ~å}À`«~Î ° YO_®xfl ~åã≤# =∞_çH˜ã≤OQÆ#HõqH˜ HõO^Œ#=∞O„u P„â◊Ü«∞O WKåÛ_»∞. HõO^Œ#=∞O„u =ÚѨÊÉèí∂áêÅ∞x P™ê÷#OÖ’x"å_»∞. D „ѨÉ∞íè =Ù Q“`«q∞H˜ ^ŒH} Δ˜ Ï# L#fl ã¨aƒ<å\˜ =∞O_»ÖÏxfl áêeOz<å_»∞. D =ÚÑ¨Ê Éè∂í áêÅ∞x ~å[^è•x #QÆ~O° '~å=∞yi—. WѨÊ\˜ "≥∞^ŒH± lÖÏ¡#∞ ѨÓ~°fiO '"≥∞`«∞‰õΩ ã‘=∞— J<Õ"å~°∞. WHõ¯_» =iѨO@ ѨÙ+¨¯ÅOQÍ Ñ¨O_Õk. J#flO ã¨=∞$kúQÍ QÆÅ =∞O_»ÅO HÍ=_»O =Å¡<Õ nxH˜ '"≥∞`«∞‰õΩã‘=∞— J<Õ¿Ñ~°∞ =zÛOk. x*Ï=∂ÉÏ^£ lÖÏ¡ É∫^ŒÜ ú Ú« QÆOÖ’ '=∞OriHÍ^ÕâO◊ — Jx Ñ≤Å∞=|_Õk. âß`«"åǨÏ#∞Å HÍÅOÖ’ nxH˜ 'Pâ◊‡Hõ^âÕ O◊ — J<Õ =º=Ǩ~°O HõxÑ≤ã∞¨ OÎ k. Pâ◊‡Hõ^âÕ ßxH˜ =ÚYºÑ¨@} ì O 'áÈ`«# #QÆ~O° —. Wk WѨÊ\˜ 'É’^è<Œ —£ J<Õ #QÆ~O° . Q“`«g∞Ѩل`« âß`«Hiõ ‚ [~ÚOz# ^ÕâßÅÖ’ =ÚÅHõ, Pâ◊‡Hõ ~å¢ëêìÅ∞ L<åfl~Ú.

„Ѩâ◊fl 1.

`≥ÅOQÍ}Ö’x „áêp# =∂O_»eHõ ã‘=∞Å#∞ QÆ∞iOz „"åÜ«∞O_ç?

V

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

161

17. K«^Œ∞=Ù (Hõ^ä•xHõ) – ^•â◊~k° ä ~°OQÍKå~°º

ѨiK«Ü∞« O : Hˆ `«∞ qâ◊fi<å^ä~ÔŒ _ç,¤ áÈÅ∞ ã¨`º« <å~åÜ«∞}QÍ~°∞¡ ã¨OHõÅ#O KÕã#≤ 'K«^∞Œ =Ù Hõ^ÅŒä ∞— J<Õ Hõ^•ä ã¨OѨÙ\˜ #∞O_ç ^•â◊~k° ä ~°OQÍKå~°º QÍ~°∞ ~°zOz# 'K«^∞Œ =Ù— Hõ^•ä xHõ „QÆÇÏ≤ OK«|_çOk. D K«^∞Œ =Ù Hõ^•ä xHõÖ’ "≥OHõ\ ˜ J<Õ ¿Ñ^ŒÉÏÅ∞_ç rq`«O ZO`« ^Œ∞~°ƒ~ù O° QÍ LO^À `≥Å∞ã¨∞OÎ k. J`«_∞» ÉÏxã¨`fi« Ѩ٠ã¨OHÔ à◊§Ö’ zH˜¯ Ç‘Ï#ã≤u÷ Ö’ ^ŒÜ∞« hÜ«∞OQÍ „|`«∞‰õΩ`«∞O\Ï_»∞. JÖÏO\˜ ÉÏÅ∞_»∞ K«^∞Œ =Ù g∞^Œ Pã¨H`Θ À ÉÏxã¨`fi« Ѩ٠ã¨OHÔ à◊§#∞ KèkÕ OK«∞H˘x „ѨÉ∞íè `«fiO U~åÊ@∞ KÕã#≤ q^•º=HÍâßÅ#∞ `≥Å∞ã¨∞H˘x K«^∞Œ =ÙHÀ=_®xH˜ =ÚO^Œ∞‰õΩ ™êQÆ∞`å_»∞. D Hõ^ä•xHõ ^•fi~å ã¨=∂[OÖ’ XHõ =~°æO ¿Ñ^Œ"åix ^ÀK«∞H˘<Õ q^è•#O `≥Å∞ã¨∞ÎOk. ^•xfl x"åiOK«_®xH˜ „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO KÕã≤# ÉÏÅ HÍi‡Hõ K«\Ïìxfl LѨÜ≥∂yOK«∞HÀ=_»O ¿Ñ^Œ q^•º~°∞÷Å∞ K«^∞Œ =ÙHÀ=_®xH˜ „ѨÉ∞íè `«fiO HõeÊOz# Lz`« =ã¨`∞« Å#∞ `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ=_»O, K«^∞Œ =Ù „áê^è•#º`«#∞ `≥ÅÊ_»O J<Õq D Hõ^•ä xHõ =ÚYº L^ÕâÌ ßÅ∞.

"≥OHõ\ ˜ n#ã≤u÷ : "≥OHõ\ H˜ ˜ Hõ_∞» ѨÙÖ’ ¿ÑQÆ∞ÖË=¡ Ù. XO\˜Ö’ HõO_»Ö^Ë ∞Œ . Hõà§◊ Ö’¡ "≥Å∞QÆ∞ ÖË^∞Œ . K≥OѨ֒¡ #∞#∞Ѩ٠ÖË^∞Œ . J~Ú<å „|`«∞‰õΩ`«∞<åfl_»∞. JO`ÕHÍ^Œ∞ Ѩx KÕã∞¨ <Î åfl_»∞. "≥OHõ\ x˜ _®Hõ~ì ∞° ¡ K«∂_»ÖkË O`«=~°‰Ωõ . K«∂ã≤ LO>Ë Pâ◊Û~°ºÑ¨_áç ÈÜÕ∞"å~°∞. J`«_∞» =Ü«∞ã¨∞‰õΩ `«y# Z`«∞Î ÖË_∞» . |~°∞=Ù ÖË_∞» . J`«x PǨ~°OÖ’ q@q∞#∞¡ ÖË=Ù. „áÈ\©#∞¡ ÖË=Ù. Jã¨Å∞ PǨ~°O ÖË^∞Œ . Pâ◊Û~°ºO Hõ^•! =∞i _®Hõ~ì ‰¡° Ωõ . J`«#∞ rqã¨∞#Î flO^Œ∞‰õΩ! JO`ÕHÍ^Œ∞ Ѩx KÕã∞¨ #Î flO^Œ∞‰õΩ ‰õÄ_®. "≥OHõ\ ˜ ÃÑ^Œ"Ì å_»∞ HÍ^Œ∞. Ѩ^àÕ §◊ Ѩã"≤ å_»∞. áêÅ|∞QÆÅæ `À LO_®eû"å_»∞. |_çÖ’ K«^∞Œ =Ù`«∂ LO_®eû# "å_»∞. P@ÅÖ’ áÈ\© Ѩ_®eû#"å_»∞. Ñ≤ÅÅ¡ `À u~°QÍeû# "å_»∞. `«e^¡ OŒ „_»∞Å QÍ~å|O <ÀK«∞HÀ"åeû# "å_»∞. "≥OHõ\ ˜ ÉèÏqÉèÏ~°`á« œ~°∞_»∞. ™ê=∂lHõ âßGA˝Å∞ J`«}‚˜ K«∂_»Ö^Ë ∞Œ . K«∂¿ãÎ J`«#∞ ã¨=∂*ÏxH˜ ÉèÏ~°O J=Ù`å_»x K≥¿ÑÊ"åˆ~. <Õ~åÅ∞ KÕã≤ rq™êÎ_x» , =∞~˘Hõix „|`«Hxõ =fi_»x, `å#∂ „|`«H_õ x» ! "≥OHõ\ ˜ Ѩ^àÕ §◊ Hˆ Jxfl ÉÏ^躌 `«Å∂ x~°fiÇ≤Ïã¨∞<Î åfl_»∞. "≥OHõ\ ˜ Z^ŒQÖÆ ^Ë ∞Œ . Z^ŒQ_Æ ®xH˜ HÍ"åeû# uO_ç ÖË^∞Œ . á⁄\˜Qì Í LO\Ï_»∞. J`«x â◊s~°OÖ’ HõO_»Ö^Ë ∞Œ . HÍ|\˜ì Z=ÚHõʼnõΩ K«~‡° O `˘_çy#@∞¡ |Hõ¯QÍ LO\Ï_»∞. J`«xH˜ _˘Hõ¯ L#fl@∞¡ HõxÑ≤OK«^∞Œ . Jk Ö’`«∞QÍ "≥o§ gѨىõΩ JO@∞‰õΩOk. "≥#∂fl _˘Hͯ XHõ><Ë "Õ ∂≥ JxÑ≤ã∞¨ OÎ k. J`«x â◊s~°O g∞^Œ |@ìÅ∞O_»=Ù. #_»∞=Ú‰õΩ XHõ xHõ¯~°∞ LO@∞Ok. K«∂_»QÍ<Õ Jk J`«xk HÍ^Œx `≥eã≤áÈ`«∞Ok. XHõ zOÑ≤i QÆ∞_»¤ `«Å‰õΩ K«∞@∞ì‰Ωõ O\Ï_»∞. `«Å g∞k "≥O„@∞HõÅ∞

162

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

Z„~°QÍ LO\Ï~Ú. Hõà√◊ § Ñ‘‰Ωõ ¯áÈ~Ú ZO_ç# K≥~∞° =ÙÖÏ¡QÍ LO\Ï~Ú. |∞QÆÖæ ’¡ =∂Oã¨O ÖË^∞Œ . J`«x =Ú‰õΩ¯ ÃÑ^ŒQÌ Í LO@∞Ok. ^˘~° ^ŒQ~æÆ ° "≥OHõ\ ˜ ÉÏxã¨QÍ L<åfl_»∞. ^˘~°Å∞ ZHõ¯_»∞<åfl~°x g∞~°∞ J_»Q=Æ K«∞Û. x*ÏO #"å|∞`À<Õ ^˘~°Å∞ áÈÜ«∂~°x g∞ Jaè„áêÜ«∞O HÍ=K«∞Û. KåÖÏ =∞OkH˜ ÖψQ g∞‰õΩ ‰õÄ_® "åã¨"Î åÅ∞ `≥eÜ«∞=Ù. ^˘~°`<« åÅ∞ áÈ~Ú<å ^˘~°Å∞ áÈÖË^∞Œ . WOHÍ ÉÏxã¨Å∞ ZHõ¯_»∞<åfl~°x g∞‰õΩ J#∞=∂#O HõÅ∞QÆ=K«∞Û. ÉÏxã¨`fi« O áÈ~ÚOk HÍh ÉÏxã¨Å∞ áÈÖË^∞Œ . "≥OHõ\ ˜ ^˘~° Ѩâ√◊ =ÙÅ#∞ HÍ™êÎ_∞» . L^ŒÜ∞« "Õ∞ =zÛ Ñ¨â√◊ =ÙÅ ¿Ñ_» T_»∞™êÎ_∞» . áêÅ∞ Ñ≤`∞« ‰õΩ`å_»∞. Ѩâ√◊ =ÙÅ#∞ J_»qÖ’ ѨQÅÆ O`å HÍ™êÎ_∞» . ™êÜ«∞OHÍÅO "å\˜x `ÀÅ∞H˘x =zÛ Hõ>ãìË ≤ "Õ∞`« "Õ™êÎ_∞» . hà◊√§ `À_ç ‰õΩ_çu HõeÑ≤, Ѩâ√◊ =ÙʼnõΩ `åÑ≤, áêÅ∞ Ñ≤`∞« ‰õΩ`å_»∞. =ÚQÆ∞`æ À ÖÏO`«~∞° ¡ `«∞_çz "≥ey™êÎ_∞» . WO\˜H˜ áÈ`«∞#fl@∞¡ ^˘~°‰Ωõ K≥|∞`å_»∞. ^˘~° WOHÍ q∞ye# Ѩ#∞ʼnõΩ Ñ¨Ù~°=∂~Ú™êÎ_∞» . JѨC_»∞ q∞ye# Ѩ#∞Å∞ ‰õÄ_» KÕã#≤ `«~åfi`« "≥OHõ\ ˜ `«Å QÆ∞_»¤ qÑ≤Ê <ÕÅ g∞^Œ Ѩi¿ãÎ JO^Œ∞Ö’H˜ ^˘~° ™ÈÖˇ_∞» yO[Å∞ áÈ™êÎ_∞» . WHõ "≥OHõ_∞» WO\˜ ^À= Ѩ_®Î_∞» . J`«_∞» QÍ#∞QÆ Z^Œ∞ÖÌ ÏO\˜"å_»∞. J`«_∞» Ѩã"≤ å_»∞ HÍ|\˜ì QÍ#∞QÆ ^Œ∂_» J#=K«∞Û. J~Ú`Õ ^Œ∂_»Å#∞ QÍ#∞QÆʼnõΩ Hõ@~ì ∞° . =∞#∞+¨μʼnõΩ P ã¨∂„`«O =iÎOK«^∞Œ .

„Ѩâ◊flÅ∞ 1. 2.

"≥OHõ\ ˜ n#ã≤u÷ x QÆ∞iOz =i‚OK«O_ç? "≥OHõ\ ˜ Z=~°∞? J`«#∞ KÕã∞¨ #Î fl Ѩ#∞ÖËq∞\’ q=iOK«O_ç?

V K«^Œ∞=ÙÃÑ· Pã¨H˜Î : XHõ<å_»∞ "≥OHõ\ ˜ ^˘~° WO\’¡ ÖÏO`«~∞° ¡ `«∞_çz "≥eyOKå_»∞. "≥OHõ\ ˜ ÖÏO`«~∞° Ѩ@∞ìH˘x pHõ\ ˜ QÆkÖ’H˜ „Ѩ"tÕ OKå_»∞. P QÆkÖ’ XHõ |Å¡ ~Ô O_»∞ ‰õΩsÛÅ∞ L<åfl~Ú. XHõ ‰õΩsÛ g∞^Œ ^˘~° H˘_»∞‰õΩ ‰õÄ~°∞Û<åfl_»∞. =Ú^Œ∞QÌ Í ÉÁ^Œ∞QÌ Í L<åfl_»∞. =∞~À ‰õΩsÛÖ’ ѨO`«∞Å∞ ‰õÄ~°∞Û<åfl_»∞. |Å¡ g∞^Œ ѨÙã¨HÎ Oõ LOk. "≥OHõ\ ˜ ÖÏO`«~∞° ÃÑ@ì_O» `À "≥Å∞QÆ∞ =zÛOk. ѨO`«∞Å∞ K≥ÑÙ¨ `«∞O>Ë ^˘~°a_»¤ K«^∞Œ =Ù`«∞<åfl_»∞. "≥OHõ\ ˜ K«∂ã¨∞<Î åfl_»∂, qO@∞<åfl_»∞. 'K«^∞Œ =ÙÖ’ ã¨HÅõ O LOk. K«^∞Œ =Ù <ÕiÛ#"å_»∞ Q˘Ñ¨Ê"å_»∞HÍ=K«∞Û. q^ŒºÖËx"å_»∞ qO`« Ѩâ√◊ =Ù—. "≥OHõ\ ˜ `«^HÕ Oõ QÍ K«∂ã¨∂Î `«#‡Ü«Ú_≥· qO@∞<åfl_»∞. J`«xH˜ |Ü«∞\˜ „ѨÑO¨ K«"∞Õ `≥eÜ«∞_»O ÖË^∞Œ . ^˘~° =zÛ QÆkOÌ KÕ^•HÍ, J`«_∞» D Ö’HõOÖ’ ÖË_∞» . ^˘~° `«iq∞`Õ |Ü«∞@H˘KåÛ_»∞. "≥OHõ\ ˜ `«=∞ QÆ∞_çÃã‰õΩ =KåÛ_»∞. J`«x `«e¡ =Ú`«=Î ∞‡ ‰õΩH˜¯=∞OK«OÖ’ Ѩ_∞» H˘x LOk. P WO\’¡ nѨO q∞}∞‰õΩ q∞}∞‰õΩ=∞O\’Ok. HÍh, Jq Ug "≥OHõ\ ˜ QÆ=∞xOK«Ö^Ë ∞Œ .

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'J=∂‡! K«^∞Œ =Ù‰õΩO\Ï<Õ— J<åfl_»∞ "≥OHõ_∞» . P =∂@ q#QÍ<Õ, =Ú`«=Î ∞‡ g∞^Œ Ñ≤_∞» QÆ∞ Ѩ_@ ¤» ~¡ ÚOk. 'hˆH"≥∞<ÿ å áÈÜÕ∞ HÍÅO =zÛO^Õq∞~å! g∞ `å`« K«k"å_®! g∞ JÜ«∞º K«k"å_®! =∞#O ÉÏxã¨ÅO a_®¤! ÉÏxã¨Å∞QÍ<Õ „|`«HÍe! h=Ù K«^∞Œ =Ù‰õΩO\Ï=Ù ÉÏQÍ<Õ LO@∞Ok. =∞i <å Q˘O`«∞Ö’ QÆOl Z=~°∞ áÈ™êÎ~∞° ? ^˘~° Ѩâ√◊ =ÙÅ#∞ Z=~°∞ HÍ™êÎ~∞° ?— 'J=∂‡! ^˘~° H˘_»∞‰õΩ K«^∞Œ =ÙH˘O@∞<åfl_»∞. <å‰õΩ ‰õÄ_® K«^∞Œ =ÙHÀ"åÅx LOk.— Jx "≥OHõ_∞» J<åfl_»∞. 'H˘_»HÍ! ^˘~°ÖHˇ ¯õ _»? =∞#"≥∞Hõ¯_»? yO[Å∞ fã¨∞H˘x =KåÛ"å?— Jx =Ú`«=Î ∞‡ J_çyOk. x*ÏxH˜ yO[Å∞ fã¨∞‰õΩ~åÖË^∞Œ . yO[Å HÀã¨O "≥OHõ\ ˜ =∞m§ "≥#H˜¯ Ѩ~∞° QÔ `åÎ_∞» . yO[Å HÀã¨O =∞m§ QÆkÖ’H˜ K«∂âß_»∞. ѨO`«∞Å∞ K≥ÑÙ¨ `«∞O>Ë ^˘~° H˘_»∞‰õΩ K«^∞Œ =Ù`«∞<åfl_»∞. "≥OHõ\ ˜ „áê}O qÅqÖÏ¡_Oç k. ^˘~° =∞m¡ QÆkOÌ Kå_»∞. `«Å QÆ∞_»Ö¤ ’ yO[Å∞ áÈâß_»∞. "≥OHõ\ ˜ P yO[Å∞ fã¨∞H˘x |Ü«∞Å∞^Õ~å_»∞. HÍx J`«xÖ’ L`åûǨÏO ÖË^∞Œ . K«^∞Œ =Ù q#ÖËHáõ È`«∞<åfl#<Õ ÉÏ^èÕ LOk. QÆOl `åy `«bH¡ ˘_»∞‰õΩÅ∞ Ѩ_∞» ‰õΩ<åfl~°∞. "≥OHõ\ H˜ ˜ x„^Œ Ѩ@Öì ^Ë ∞Œ . ѨO`«∞Å∞ K«^∞Œ =Ù K≥ÑÙ¨ `«∞#fl ^Œ$â◊ºO, ^˘~°a_»¤ K«^∞Œ =Ù`«∞#fl ^Œ$â◊ºO "≥OHõ\ ˜ Hõà§◊ =ÚO^Œ∞ Hõ^ÖŒ Ï_»∞`«∞<åfl~Ú. 'J=∂‡! K«^∞Œ =Ù‰õΩO>Ë U=∞ø`«∞Ok?— Jx "≥OHõ_∞» J=∞‡#_çQÍ_»∞. '^˘~° h „áê}ÏÅ∞ f™êÎ_∞» . g∞ <å#fl x#∞fl ^˘~°‰Ωõ Jq∞‡<å_»∞. h „áê}O ^˘~°K`Õ ∞« Ö’¡ LOk. J~°=÷ ∞~ÚO^•? h=Ù K«xáÈ`Õ <Õ<Ö≥ Ï „|`«∞‰õΩ`å#∞?— =Ú`«=Î ∞‡ YOQÆ∞ YOQÆ∞# ^ŒQ∞Æ `æ ∂« qÅqÖÏ¡_Oç k. „áê}O áÈ~Ú =∞m§ =zÛ#O`« Ѩ#~ÚºOk. =Ú`«=Î ∞‡‰õΩ HõÜ Δ ∞« "åºkè. HÍx P "åºkè QÆ∞iOz "åà◊§‰õΩ `≥eÜ«∞^Œ∞. "≥^· ºŒ âߢ™êÎa=è $kú WOHõ#∂ ѨÖÅ¡ˇ ‰õΩ KÕ~Ö° ^Ë ∞Œ . Jk =∂Ü«∞~ÀQÆ=∞x =Ú`«=Î ∞‡ J#∞‰õΩO@∞Ok. ZѨC_À Z`«∞‰Î Ωõ áÈ`«∞O^Œx `≥Å∞ã¨∞. "≥OHõ\ H˜ ˜ P ~å„u x„^ŒÑ@ ¨ Öì ^Ë ∞Œ . ѨO`«∞Å∞ K«^∞Œ =Ù K≥Ñʨ _»O, ^˘~°a_»¤ K«^∞Œ =ÙHÀ=_»O Jhfl Hõà§◊ =ÚO^Œ∞ Hõ^ÖŒ Ï_»∞`«∞<åfl~Ú. `«e¡ J=∂Ü«∞‰õΩ~åÅ#∞‰õΩ<åfl_»∞. `å#∞ K«^∞Œ =Ù‰õΩO>Ë ^˘~°Hˆ q∞ #+¨Oì ? ^˘~°<Õ J_»∞QÆ∞^•=∞#∞‰õΩ<åfl_»∞. ^˘~° JOwHõi™êÎ_x» J`«x Jaè„áêÜ«∞O.

„Ѩâ◊flÅ∞ 1. 2.

"≥OHõ\ H˜ ˜ K«^∞Œ =ÙHÀ"åÅ<Õ HÀiHõ ZÖÏ HõeyOk ? "≥OHõ\ ˜ `«e¡ ZO^Œ∞‰õΩ ÉèÜ í ∞« Ѩ_Oç k?

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^˘~° ^Ò+¨ì ºO : `≥Å"¡ åiOk. =∂=¸Å∞ Ѩ#∞Ö’¡ =ÚxyáÈÜ«∂_»∞ "≥OHõ\ .˜ ™êÜ«∞OHÍÅ=∞~ÚOk. "≥OHõ\ ˜ ÖÏO`«~∞° ¡ `«∞_çKå_»∞. =Ú\˜Oì z# ÖÏO`«~∞° Ѩ@∞ìH˘x ^˘~°=ÚO^Œ∞ `«Å=OK«∞H˘x xÅ|_®¤_∞» . U^À J_»QÍÅ#∞‰õΩ<åfl_»∞ HÍx J_»QÖÆ HË áõ ÈÜ«∂_»∞. ^˘~° ã≤Q~ÔÆ @∞ì "≥eyOK«∞H˘O@∂ 'UOk~°, U"≥∂ #ã¨∞QÆ∞`«∞<åfl=Ù. `˘O^Œ~Q° Í J^Õ^À U_»fi~å— Jx J<åfl_»∞. '^˘~° <Õ#∞ K«^∞Œ =Ù‰õΩO\Ï— Jx "≥OHõ_∞» J<åfl_»∞. 'g_»∞ K«^∞Œ =Ù‰õΩO\Ï_»O@<Õ— Jx Q˘Å∞¡# #"åfi_»∞ ^˘~°. 'K«^∞Œ =ÙH˘x ^˘~°`#« O KÕ™êÎ=ÙÉË...áÈ...áÈ... ÖÏO`«~H° ¯õ _» ÃÑ\˜áì È. WO\’¡ g∞ J=∞‡ K«∂ã¨∞OÎ k— J<åfl_»∞. "≥OHõ\ ˜ JHõ¯_ç #∞O_ç Hõ^ÖŒ ^¡Ë ∞Œ . 'K≥ÑÙ¨ `«∞O>Ë q#Ѩ_^» •! áÈ~å QÍ_ç^Œ H˘_»HÍ! ѨO`«∞Å∞ =zÛ LO\Ï_»∞— Jx ^˘~° J<åfl_»∞. '^˘~°! <å‰õΩ K«^∞Œ =ÙHÀ"åÅx LOk— Jx "≥OHõ\ ˜ J<åfl_»∞. ^˘~° HÀѨO`À TyáÈÜ«∂_»∞. 'K«^Œ∞=Ù‰õΩO\Ï"å QÍ_ç^Œ H˘_»∞Hõ— Jx Hõ„~° JO^Œ∞H˘x "≥OHõ\ ˜x ÉÏ^•_»∞ ^˘~°. "≥OHõ\ ˜ KÕuÖ’x ÖÏO`«~°∞ „H˜O^ŒÑ¨_ç ѨyeáÈ~ÚOk. P ^≥|ƒÅ‰õΩ "≥OHõ\ ˜ Xà◊√§ ¿ÑeáÈ~ÚOk. P ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’ QÆkÖ’ ‰õÄ~°∞Û#fl ѨO`«∞Å∞, ^˘~° H˘_»∞‰õΩ, ^˘~° ÉèÏ~°º JO^Œ~∂° Ѩ~∞° QÆ∞ Ѩ~∞° QÆ∞# =KåÛ~°∞. "≥OHõ\ ˜ Xà◊√§ z\˜¡ ~°HOÎõ HÍ~°∞`ÀOk. 'J^Õq∞\˜ Ñ≤Å"¡ åx „áê}O f¿ã™êÎ"å? "å_»∞ K«¿ãÎ =∞#g∞^ŒH˘ã¨∞OÎ k— J#flk ^˘~°ÉÏè ~°º. Hõ„~° qiz áêˆ~âß_»∞ ^˘~°. 'D <å H˘_»∞‰õΩ K«^∞Œ =Ù‰õΩO\Ï_»@ K«^∞Œ =Ù— Jx ÃÑ^ŒÌ ÃÑ^ŒÌ J_»∞QÆ∞Å∞ "Õã∂¨ Î WO\’¡H˜ "≥àϧ_»∞ ^˘~°. "≥OHõ\ ˜ U_»=ÖË^∞Œ . QÍÜ«∂Å`À<Õ ÖËz, "≥∞@∞¡ ky pHõ\ Ö˜ ’<Õ WO\˜H˜ "≥o§áÈÜ«∂_»∞. Jk K«∂ã≤# ^˘~° H˘_»∞‰õΩ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù`À '™ê~ü! <å#fl ZO^Œ∞‰õΩ "≥OHõ\ x˜ H˘\Ïì_∞» — Jx J_çQÍ_»∞. '"≥OHõ_∞» K«^∞Œ =Ù‰õΩO\Ï#x J<åfl_»@— Jx QÆ∞~°∞=Ù ^˘~°H˘_»∞‰õΩ`À J<åfl_»∞. QÆ∞~°∞=Ù =∂@Å∞ q#fl ^˘~°H˘_»∞‰õΩ '=∞i <Õ#∞ K«^∞Œ =Ù‰õΩO@∞<åfl#∞ Hõ^•?— Jx J_çy# J=∂Ü«∞HõÑÙ¨ „Ѩâfl◊ ‰õΩ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù ["å|∞ K≥Ñʨ ÖËHáõ ÈÜ«∂_»∞. HÍ^Œ∞, K≥Ñʨ ÖË_∞» .

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„Ѩâ◊fl 1.

"≥OHõ_∞» K«^∞Œ =Ù‰õΩO\Ï#x ^˘~°#∞ J_çy#ѨÙ_»∞ [iy# Ѩi}Ï=∂Å∞ Uq∞\˜?

V K«^Œ∞=Ù H˘~°‰õΩ „Ѩܫ∞`«flO : "≥OHõ\ ˜ `«ex¡ K«∂ã≤ Éè’~°∞# U_®Û_»∞. `«e¡ „áê}O qÅqÖÏ¡_Oç k. HÀѨO á⁄OQÆ∞ H˘zÛOk. P HÀѨOÖ’ ^˘~°#∞ xÅn¿ã^Õ! ^Œ∞e¿Ñ¿ã^Õ! HÍx `«#∞ ÉÏxã¨. P"≥∞‰õΩ ‰õÄ_® =∞#ã¨∞O^Œx P"≥∞ Ãã`· O« QÆ∞iÎOK«Ö^Ë ∞Œ . `«#Ö’ `å<Õ U_çÛOk. JO`Õ! Hõhã¨O â◊ÑO≤ K«Ö^Ë ∞Œ . P ~å„u W^Œ~Ì ∂° LѨ"åã¨O. QÍÜ«∂Å~Ú# â◊s~°O`À<Õ Ñ¨xÖ’H˜ "≥àϧ_»∞ "≥OHõ\ .˜ ÖÏO`«~∞° #∞ QÆkÖ’H˜ ÃÑ>ËÑì x¨ `˘ÅyOKå_»∞ ^˘~°. WKÕÛ yO[Å∞ ã¨QÍxH˜ `«yOæ Kå_»∞. J~° ™ÈÖˇ_∞» yO[Å∞ K≥O|∞Ö’ áÈ¿ãÎ Hõà§◊ Ö’¡ hà◊√¡ uiQÍ~Ú. ^˘~°"Ñ·≥ Ù¨ *ÏeQÍ K«∂âß_»∞. ^˘~° =∞x+¨~Ú`Õ P K«∂ѨÙʼnõΩ HõiyáÈÜÕ∞"å_Õ! ^˘~° Hõ~Q° ÖÆ ^Ë ∞Œ . "≥OHõ\ ˜ ^˘~°HÍà◊§g∞^ŒÑ_¨ ç U_®Û_»∞. '^˘~°! <Õ#∞ K«^∞Œ =ÙHÀ#∞— Jx Hõhflà◊§`À J<åfl_»∞. K«^∞Œ =ÙHõO>Ë yO[Å∞ Q˘Ñ¨Ê=x `≥Å∞ã¨∞‰õΩ<åfl_»∞ "≥OHõ\ ˜! D q+¨Ü«∞O ^˘~°‰õΩ "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ #∞O_ç `≥Å∞ã¨∞. JO^Œ∞ˆH J~°™ÈÖˇ_∞» #∞ ™ÈÖˇ_∞» KÕÜ∞« ÖË^∞Œ . "≥OHõ\ ˜ r`«O KÕã∂¨ <Î Õ L<åfl_»∞. `«Ñʨ ^Œ∞ =∞i. J`«xH˜ XHõ "åã¨=Î O `≥eã≤ =zÛOk. ^˘~°‰Ωõ K«^∞Œ =O>Ë ÉèÜ í ∞« O. HÍ|\˜ì `«#∞ K«^∞Œ =ÙHÀ"åe. P `«Ñ#¨ J`«xfl =^ŒÅ_»O ÖË^∞Œ . ѨãQ≤ ∞Æ O_≥Ö’ Ѩi`åѨO Z‰õΩ¯"≥O· k. "≥OHõ\ ˜ XHõ ~ÀA ~å„u ѨO`«∞Å∞ WO\˜HÔ àϧ_»∞. `«Å∞Ѩ٠`«_`ç Õ Ñ¨O`«∞Å∞ fâß_»∞. P ~å„u "ÕàÖ◊ ’ "≥OHõ\ x˜ K«∂ã≤ Pâ◊Û~°ºáÈÜ«∂_»∞. '^˘~°Ñe≤ Kå_®— Jx ѨO`«∞Å∞ J_çQÍ_»∞. 'HÍ^ŒO_ç <Õ<Õ =KåÛ#∞— 'Uq∞\˜ ã¨OQÆu— 'K«^∞Œ =Ù HÀ"åÅx L#fl^ŒO_ç! <å‰õΩ K«^∞Œ =Ù K≥áêÎ~å! ~å„u"Õà◊ =™êÎ#∞. ^˘~°‰Ωõ `≥e¿ãÎ „áê}O f™êÎ_∞» — ѨO`«∞Å∞ QÆ∞O_≥ HõiyOk. K«^∞Œ =ÙHÀ"åÅx ZO`« `«Ñ#¨ LOk. D ‰õΩ„~å_çH˜ K«^∞Œ =Ù ÖË^∞Œ . ^˘~° H˘_»∞H˜¯ ZO`« K≥ÑÊ≤ <å ~å^Œ∞. J@∞=O\˜ ^˘~° H˘_»∞H˜¯ K«^∞Œ =Ù K≥áêÊe. qO`«QÍ LOk Ѩiã≤u÷ . '^˘~°H˘\˜Oì k =∞~°záÈÜ«∂"å!— Jx J_çQÍ_»∞ ѨO`«∞Å∞. '^˘~°H˘\˜<ì å_»∞ HÍ|>Ëì <å‰õΩ K«^∞Œ =ÙHÀ"åÅx LOk. ~å„u"Õà◊ =™êÎ#∞. <å‰õΩ K«^∞Œ =Ù K≥áêÎ~å?—

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'"≥OHõ\ !© Ѩ@} ì ÏxH˜ áÈQÆ∂_»^∂Œ ! K«^∞Œ =Ù K≥ÑÊ≤ , _»|∞ƒÅ∞ W™êÎ~∞° .— 'ZÖÏ áÈ`å#O_ç? =∂ <å#fl ^˘~°‰Ωõ Jq∞‡<å_»∞. WHõ K«KÛÕ ^•HÍ ÉÏxã¨
„Ѩâ◊flÅ∞ 1. 2.

"≥OHõ\ H˜ ˜ K«^∞Œ =ÙHÀ"åÅ#fl Ѩ@∞ì^ÅŒ ZÖÏ =zÛOk? "≥OHõ\ ˜ K«^∞Œ =ÙHÀ=_®xH˜ Uq∞ KÕâß_»∞?

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"åºHõ~°}O

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`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

18. Kè«O^Œã¨∞û „Ѩ™êÎ=# : "Õ^•Å∞ ^≥=· xˆ~âÌ O◊ Jx =∞# ѨÓ~°∞fiÅ #=∞‡HõO. "å\˜H˜ J#∞QÆ∞}OQÍ<Õ D "Õ^•OQÍÅ∞ ‰õÄ_® ^≥=· ^Œ`"Ϋ ∞≥ #ÿ q. Hõ#∞Hõ "Õ^•OQÍÖ’¡ ÉèÏQÆ"∞≥ #ÿ KèO« ^Œã∞¨ û Ѩ~"° ∞Õ â◊fi~°∞x #∞O_ç Ѩ~O° Ѩ~O° QÍ Éè∂í Ö’HÍxH˜ „ѨÜ∂« }˜OzO^Œx KèO« ^Œâß≈G ~°K#« KÕã#≤ Hõ=ÙÅ∞ JO^Œ~∂° ¿Ñ~˘¯#_»O [iyOk. <Õ_∞» D "Õ^•OQÍÖË âߢ™êÎÅ∞QÍ Ñ¨i_èq» Å∞¡`∞« <åfl~Ú. JO^Œ∞Ö’ KèO« ^Œã∞¨ û, "åºHõ~} ° O ™êÇ≤Ï`«º ã¨$+≤Hì ˜ ™Èáê<åÖˇ· xÅ∞ã¨∞<Î åfl~Ú.

x~°fiK«#O : KèO« ^Œã∞¨ û XHõ âßGO. Wk Ѩ^ºŒ ÅHõ} Δ ÏÅ#∞ `≥eÜ«∞KÕã∞¨ OÎ k. Ѩ^ºŒ O ZÖÏ „"åÜ«∂e? ^•x ÅHõ} Δ ÏÅ∞ ZÖÏ LO\Ï~Ú? PÜ«∂ Ѩ^•ºÅ#∞ „"åÜ«∞@OÖ’ áê\˜OK«=Åã≤# xÜ«∞=∂Å∞ Uq∞? J<Õ q+¨Ü∂« Å#∞ q=iOKÕk KèO« ^Œâß≈GO. 'Kèk« PǨ^¡ <Œ —Õ J<Õ ^è•`«∞=Ù #∞O_ç 'KèO« ^Œã—π J<Õ Ñ¨^OŒ U~°Ê_çOk. J#QÍ 'PǨ^¡ •xfl Hõeyã¨∂Î XHõ ÅÜ«∞ HõeyOk— Jx J~°O÷ . 'Kèk« ã¨O=~°}—Ë – Jx =∞~˘Hõ =Ùº`«ÊuÎ. 'ã¨O=~°}O— JO>Ë P=iOK«_O» Jx J~°O÷ . =∞#Ö’ ѨÙ>Ëì ÉèÏ"åÅ`À ‰õÄ_ç# J<ÕHõ "åHͺÅ∞ XHõ qÅHõ}Δ "≥∞#ÿ x~å‡}Ïxfl á⁄O^Œ@O – KèO« ^Œã∞¨ û J#=K«∞Û.

„ѨÜ∂≥ [#O : KèO« ^Œã∞¨ û#∞ P^è•~°O KÕã∞¨ H˘x Hõq`«fiO Ѩ^ºŒ OQÍ#∞, â’¡HOõ QÍ#∞ ~°∂áêxfl ^•Å∞Û`«∞Ok. "Õ^OŒ ѨÙ~°∞+¨μ_»∞ Jx =∞#O J#∞H˘O>Ë P "Õ^ÑŒ Ù¨ ~°∞+¨μxH˜ KèO« ^Œã∞¨ û áê^ŒO =O\˜k. áê^•Å∞ ÖˉΩõ O_® ѨÙ~°∞+¨μ_»∞ ZÖÏ #_»=ÖË_À JÖψQ "Õ^Œ ѨÙ~°∞+¨μ_»∞ ‰õÄ_® KèO« ^Œã∞¨ û ÖˉΩõ O_® #_»=ÖË_∞» Jx áê}˜x ^ŒQ~æÆ ° #∞Oz JѨÊHõq =~°‰Ωõ JO^Œ~∂° KèO« ^Œã∞¨ û Ü≥ÚHõ¯ „ѨÜ∂≥ [<åxfl XˆH q^èOŒ QÍ K≥áêÊ~°∞. Ѩ^ºŒ O `≥Å∞QÆ∞"åi ™⁄`«∞.Î D Ѩ^ºŒ O Ü≥ÚHõ¯ x~å‡}Ïxfl KèO« ^Œã∞¨ û xˆ~tÌ ã¨∞OÎ k. Ѩ^ºŒ O â◊$u „¿ÑÜ«∞OQÍ LO_ç ÅÜ«∞|^ŒOú QÍ áê_»∞HÀ=_®xH˜ gÅ∞QÍ LO_Õ@@∞¡ KÕã∂¨ Î ^è•~°} KÕÜ∞« _®xH˜ LѨHiõ OKÕk KèO« ^Œã∞¨ û.

QÆ∞~°∞ ÅѶ¨Ú=ÙÅ∞ – "å\˜ ã¨fi~°∂áêÅ∞ : Ѩ^ŒºO ^•x xÜ«∞=∂#∞™ê~°OQÍ áê^•Å∞QÍ qÉèílOѨ|_»∞`«∞Ok. P áê^•Å∞ QÆ}ÏÅ g∞^Œ P^è•~°Ñ_¨ ∞» `å~Ú. P QÆ}ÏÅ∞ JHõ~Δ åÅ HõÅ~ÚHõ =Ö¡ U~°Ê_»∞`å~Ú. ÉèÏ+¨Ö’ L#fl JHõ~Δ åÅ∞ "å\˜ "å\˜ ã¨fi~°∂áêÅ#∞|\˜,ì ã¨fiÉèÏ"åÅ#∞|\˜ì KèO« ^Œâß≈GOÖ’ "å\˜H˜ 'QÆ∞~°∞=Ù – ÅѶڨ =Ù— Jx ¿Ñ~°∞ ÃÑ@ì_O» [iyOk. D QÆ∞~°∞ ÅѶڨ =ÙÅ HõÅ~ÚˆH QÆ}ÏÅ∞. W"Õ Ñ¨^•ºxH˜ =¸ÖÏ^è•~°O.

QÆ∞~°∞ ÅѶ¨Ú=ÙÅ∞ – x~°fiK«<åÅ∞ : JHõ~Δ åÅ#∞ <À\˜`À ѨeHˆ @ѨC_»∞ XHõ JHõ~Δ O° H˘O`« ã¨=∞Ü«∂xfl fã¨∞HÀ=@O [~°∞QÆ∞`ÀOk. JÖÏ JHõ~Δ O° fã¨∞‰õΩ<Õ ã¨=∞Ü«∂xfl '=∂„`«— ¿Ñ~°∞`À H˘Å∞ã¨∂Î KèO« ^Œâß≈GOÖ’ JHõ~Δ åÅ#∞ QÆ∞~°∞ÅѶڨ =ÙÅ∞QÍ

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171

QÆ∞iÎOK«_O» [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. XHõ JHõ~Δ O° ѨÅHõ_®xH˜ ™ê=∂#ºOQÍ ZO`« ã¨=∞Ü«∞O Ѩ_∞» `«∞O^À P ã¨=∞Ü«∞O `≥eÜ«∞KÕ¿ãk =∂„`«. JO`ÕQÍHõ 'z\˜HÔ —#∞ ‰õÄ_® KèO« ^Œâß≈GOÖ’ '=∂„`«— Jx JO\Ï~°∞.

ÅѶڨ =Ù – x~°fiK«#O : UHõ =∂„`åHÍÅOÖ’ J#QÍ XHõ 'z\˜HÔ — "Õ¿ã HÍÅOÖ’ ѨÅ∞Hõ|_Õ JHõ~Δ åÅ#∞ ÅѶڨ =Ù JO\Ï~°∞. nx QÆ∞~°∞Î POQÆ¡ ÉèÏ+¨Ö’x 'I— =Öˇ LO@∞Ok.

QÆ∞~°∞=Ù – x~°fiK«#O : kfi=∂„`åHÍÅOÖ’ J#QÍ ~Ô O_»∞ 'z\˜HÔ Å∞— "Õ¿ã HÍÅOÖ’ ѨÅ∞Hõ|_Õ JHõ~Δ åÅ#∞ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù JO\Ï~°∞. nx QÆ∞~°∞Î POQÆ¡ ÉèÏ+¨Ö’x 'U— =Öˇ LO@∞Ok.

ÅѶڨ =Ù#∞ QÆ∞iÎOK«_O» : 1. „ǨϙêfiHõ~Δ åÅ∞ ÅѶڨ =ÙÅ∞ : „ǨϙêfiHõ~Δ O° J#QÍ á⁄\˜ì JHõ~Δ O° . L^• : J – W – L – |∞∞ – Z – X "≥Ú^ŒÖ#·ˇ q. 2. „ǨϙêfiHõ~Δ åÅ`À ‰õÄ_ç# ǨÏÅ∞¡Å∞ ÅѶڨ =ÙÅ∞ L^• : Hõ – Ѩ – q∞ – K˘ – Ü≥Ú "≥Ú^ŒÖ#·ˇ q. 3. „ǨÏã¨fi"≥∞#ÿ kfi`åfiHõ~Δ åÅ∞ ÅѶڨ =ÙÅ∞ L^• : Hõ¯ – Ü«∞º – =∞‡ – #fl "≥Ú^ŒÖ#·ˇ q. 4. „ǨÏã¨fi"≥∞#ÿ ã¨OÜ«ÚHÍÎH~Δõ åÅ∞ ÅѶڨ =ÙÅ∞ L^• : Hõ‡ – ѨΠ– K«º – @fl "≥Ú^ŒÖ#·ˇ q. 5. J~°ã∞¨ #fl`À ‰õÄ_ç# JHõ~Δ åÅ∞ ÅѶڨ =ÙÅ∞ L^• : Jñ @ñ 6. `ÕeÛ Ñ¨Å∞Hõ|_Õ ~ˆ Ѷ`¨ À ‰õÄ_ç# JHõ~Δ åÅ∞ – ÅѶڨ =ÙÅ∞ L^• : J„^Œ∞K«∞ – q„^Œ∞K«∞ – Hõ„^Œ∞= "≥Ú^ŒÖ#·ˇ q.

QÆ∞~°∞=Ù#∞ QÆ∞iÎOK«_»O : ★

n~å…K∞« ÛÅ∞ QÆ∞~°∞=ÙÅ∞ : L^• : P – D – T – |∞∂ – U – S – F – B

★

n~å…K∞« ÛÅ`À ‰õÄ_ç# ǨÏÅ∞¡Å∞ QÆ∞~°∞=ÙÅ∞ : L^• : HÍ – w – =Ó – <À – "Õ∞ "≥Ú^ŒÖ#·ˇ q.

★

n~å…Ö#·ˇ kfi`åfiHõ~Δ åÅ∞ QÆ∞~°∞=ÙÅ∞ : L^• : Hͯ – =∂‡ – QÍæ – "åfi "≥Ú^ŒÖ#·ˇ q.

172

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

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n~å…Ö#·ˇ ã¨OÜ«ÚHÍÎH~Δõ åÅ∞ QÆ∞~°∞=ÙÅ∞ : L^• : HÍÊ – =∂º – Q͇ – "åfl "≥Ú^ŒÖ#·ˇ q.

★

kfi`åfiHõ~Δ åʼnõΩ =ÚO^Œ∞#fl JHõ~Δ åÅ∞ QÆ∞~°∞=ÙÅ∞ : L^• : JHõ¯ – J=∞‡ – <å#fl "≥Ú^ŒÖ#·ˇ q.

★

ã¨OÜ«ÚHÍÎH~Δõ åʼnõΩ =ÚO^Œ∞#fl JHõ~Δ åÅ∞ QÆ∞~°∞=ÙÅ∞ : L^• : xÅfi – Hõ#º – â◊HΘ "≥Ú^ŒÖ#·ˇ q.

★

ã¨∞#fl`À ‰õÄ_ç# JHõ~Δ åÅ∞ QÆ∞~°∞=ÙÅ∞ : L^• : JO| – QÆOѨ – JO^ŒO – K«O^ŒO – =∞O_»∞ "≥Ú^ŒÖ#·ˇ q.

★

qã¨~`æ° À ‰õÄ_ç# JHõ~Δ åÅ∞ QÆ∞~°∞=ÙÅ∞ : L^• : =ó – Hõó – =∞ó "≥Ú^ŒÖ#·ˇ q.

★

á⁄Å∞¡`À ‰õÄ_ç# JHõ~Δ åÅ∞ QÆ∞~°∞=ÙÅ∞ : L^• : H˘O^Œi<£ – KÕÜÚ« ^Œ∞<£ "≥Ú^ŒÖ#·ˇ q.

„Ѩâ◊flÅ∞ 1. 2.

KèO« ^Œã∞¨ û#∞ x~°fizOz „ѨÜ∂≥ [<åÅ#∞ `≥ÅѨO_ç? QÆ∞~°∞ ÅѶڨ =ÙÅ#∞ QÆ∞iÎOKÕ q^è•<åxfl `≥ÅѨO_ç?

V

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QÆ}O – ~°HÍÅ∞ JHõ~Δ åÅ zǨflÖˇ#· QÆ∞~°∞ ÅѶڨ =ÙÅ ã¨=Ú^•Ü«∞O QÆ}O. D QÆ}ÏÅ ã¨fi~°∂áêxfl |\˜,ì ã¨fiÉèÏ"åxfl |\˜ì ~Ô O_»∞ ~°HÍÅ∞QÍ =sæHiõ OK«=K«∞Û.

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2. ^Œfi ºHõ~Δ ° QÆ}ÏÅ∞

3. „`«ºHõ~Δ ° QÆ}ÏÅ∞

4. K«`∞« ~åHõ~Δ ° QÆ}ÏÅ∞

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=~°∞㨠1. 2.

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㨠QÆ}O =∞ QÆ}O Ü«∞ QÆ}O

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175

4. K«`«∞~åHõΔ~° QÆ}ÏÅ∞ : <åÅ∞QÆ∞ JHõ~Δ åÅ`À Hõeã≤ U~°Ê_Õ QÆ}ÏÅ#∞ 'K«`∞« ~åHõ~Δ ° QÆ}ÏÅ∞— Jx JO\Ï~°∞. Wq =¸_»∞ q^è•Å∞.

=~°∞㨠1. 2. 3.

QÆ}O ¿Ñ~°∞ #ÅO #QÆO ã¨ÅO

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1. ã¨∂~°º QÆ}ÏÅ∞ : Wq ~Ô O_»∞ ~°HÍÅ∞ =~°∞㨠1. 2.

176

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2. WO„^Œ QÆ}ÏÅ∞ : Wq P~°∞ ~°HÍÅ∞. WO^Œ∞Ö’ <åÅ∞QÆ∞ JHõ~Δ =° ÚÅ∞ QÆÅ QÆ}ÏÅ∞ =¸_»∞, =¸_»∞ JHõ~Δ =° ÚÅ∞ QÆÅ QÆ}ÏÅ∞ =¸_»∞ HõÅ=Ù.

=~°∞㨠1.

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„Ѩâ◊flÅ∞ 1. 2.

ã¨fi~°∂áêxfl |\˜ì QÆ}ÏÅ∞ Zxfl ~°HÍÅ∞? Jq Uq? ã¨fiÉèÏ"åxfl |\˜ì QÆ}ÏÅ∞ Zxfl ~°HÍÅ∞? Jq Uq?

V

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

177

Ѩ^Œº ÉèË^•Å∞ ѨiK«Ü∞« O : Ѩ^•ºÅ#∞ |\˜ì Éè^Ë •Å∞ =¸_»∞~°HÍÅ∞. Jq 1. =$`åÎÅ∞ 2. *Ï`«∞Å∞ 3. LѨ*Ï`«∞Å∞

1. =$`åÎÅ∞ : JHõ~Δ Q° } Æ ÏÅKÕ`« U~°Ê_Õq =$`åÎÅ∞. =$`«OÎ J#QÍ K«„HõO. J#QÍ =∞~°Å =∞~°Å ѨÙ#~å=$`«O JÜÕ∞ºk. D xÜ«∞=∞O „ѨHÍ~°O Ѩ^•ºxH˜ xˆ~tÌ Oz# QÆ∞~°∞ ÅѶڨ =ÙÅ QÆ}ÏÅ∞ „Ѩuáê^ŒOÖ’ uiy J"Õ "å_»@O =Å¡ g\˜H˜ =$`åÎÅx ¿Ñ~°∞ =zÛOk. JO>Ë Ñ¨^•ºxH˜ xˆ~tÌ Oz# QÆ∞~°∞ÅѶڨ =ÙÅ∞ ã≤~÷ O° QÍ LO\Ï~Ú. L^• :

1. L`«ÊÅ=∂Å 2. K«OѨH=õ ∂Å 3. âß~°∂ÅÌ q„H©_`ç =« Ú 4. =∞`ÕÉÎ íè q„H©_`ç =« Ú

2. *Ï`«∞Å∞ : Wq =∂„`åQÆ}ÏÅ KÕ`« U~°Ê_»∞`å~Ú. QÆ∞~°∞ ÅѶڨ =ÙÅ∞ ã≤~÷ O° HÍ^Œ∞. QÆ}ÏÅ∞ ѨÙ#~å=$`«O HÍ=K«∞Û. HÍHõáÈ=K«∞Û. g\˜Ö’ LѨQ} Æ ÏÖˇ#· ã¨∂~°º, WO„^Œ QÆ}ÏÅ∞ "å_»|_»`å~Ú. Ü«∞u, „áê㨠xÜ«∞=∞O Hõey LO\Ï~Ú. L^• :

HõO^ŒO

3. LѨ *Ï`«∞Å∞ : Wq `≥Å∞QÆ∞‰õΩ =∂„`«"∞Õ ã¨O|OkèOz# Ѩ^•ºÅ∞. JO>Ë ã¨O㨯 $`« „ѨÉÏè =O ÖËxq. Wq ‰õÄ_® =∂„`«ÅÃÑ#· P^è•~°Ñ_¨ ç LO\Ï~Ú. HÍx *Ïu Ѩ^•ºÅ‰õΩ#fl „áêã¨xÜ«∞=∞O g\˜Ö’ ÖË^∞Œ . HÍx '„áê㨠ܫ∞u— "å_»∞@‰õΩ J=HÍâ◊O HõÅ^Œ∞. L^• :

178

1. `Õ@wu 2. P@"≥Åk 3. ã‘ã=¨ Ú `≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

D q^èOŒ QÍ =$`åÎÅ∞, *Ï`«∞Å∞, LѨ*Ï`«∞Å∞ Jx U~°Ê_ç# Ѩ^•ºÅ∞ Jã¨OMϺHÍÅ∞.

„Ѩâ◊fl : 1. Ѩ^ºŒ Éè^Ë •Å#∞ `≥ÅѨO_ç?

=$`«Î Ѩ^•ºÅ∞ : 1. L`«ÊÅ=∂Å, 2. K«OѨH=õ ∂Å, 3. âß~°∂ÅÌ q„H©_`ç =« Ú, 4. =∞`ÕÉÎ íè q„H©_`ç =« Ú

1. L`«ÊÅ=∂Å – ÅHõ} Δ ÏÅ∞ ★

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2.

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„Ѩuáê^ŒOÖ’ "≥Ú`«OÎ 20 JHõ~Δ åÅ∞ LO\Ï~Ú. XHõKÀ <ÕÅ#∞ |=fioOK«∞ <˘HõKÀ <˘áêÊ~°∞ |∂Ãã[˚ÃÑ· <˘HõKÀ âßHõ=Ú ÖÏ~°yOK«∞ <˘HõKÀ #∞`«¯ $+¨ì âßÖ’º^Œ#O

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*Ïu Ѩ^ºŒ O 5. HõO^ŒO – ÅHõ} Δ ÏÅ∞ : ★

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LѨ *Ïu Ѩ^•ºÅ∞ : 1. P@"≥Åk 2. `Õ@wu 3. ã‘ã=¨ Ú

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Wk LѨ*Ïu Ѩ^ºŒ O

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„áê㨠: LѨ*Ïu Ѩ^ŒºOÖ’ „áê㨠ÖË^Œ∞. 7. `Õ@wu Ѩ^ºŒ O – ÅHõ} Δ ÏÅ∞ : ★

Wk LѨ*Ïu Ѩ^ºŒ O

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183

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„áê㨠: LѨ*Ïu Ѩ^ŒºOÖ’ „áê㨠ÖË^Œ∞. 8. ã‘㨠Ѩ^ŒºO – ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞ : ★

Wk LѨ*Ïu Ѩ^ºŒ O

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„áê㨠: LѨ*Ïu Ѩ^ŒºOÖ’ „áê㨠ÖË^Œ∞. „Ѩâ◊fl : 1. ã‘㨠Ѩ^ºŒ ÅHõ} Δ ÏÅ#∞ L^•Ç¨Ï~°} ѨÓ~°fiHõOQÍ `≥ÅÊO_ç?

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

185

19. JÅOHÍ~åÅ∞ =∂#=ÙʼnõΩ JO^•xfl HõeyOKÕq ÖË^• ™œO^Œ~åºxfl `≥zÛÃÑ>Ëqì JÅOHÍ~åÅ∞. JÖψQ XHõ HÍ"åºxH˜ QÍh, ÉèÏ+¨‰Ωõ QÍh =∞iO`« â’Éè#í ∞ ÖË^• ~°=∞º`«#∞ HõeyOKÕ "å\˜x JÅOHÍ~åÅ∞ JO\Ï~°∞. Wk Hˆ =ÅO JÅOHÍ~åÅ∞QÍ<Õ HÍHõ, K≥¿ÑÊ q+¨Ü∂« xfl K«H¯õ QÍ J~°O÷ KÕã∞¨ H˘#∞@‰õΩ ã¨Ç¨ Ü«∞Ѩ_`» å~Ú.

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1. LѨ=∂ÅOHÍ~°O : LѨ"∞Õ Ü«∂xH˜, LѨ=∂<åxH˜ K«H¯õ x áÈeHõ K≥ÑÊ≤ `Õ ^•xx LѨ=∂ÅOHÍ~°O JO\Ï~°∞. D JÅOHÍ~°OÖ’ „Ѩ^•è #OQÍ <åÅ∞QÆ∞ ÅHõ} Δ ÏÅ∞O\Ï~Ú. Jq : 1. LѨ"∞Õ Ü«∞O 2. LѨ=∂#O 3. ã¨=∂# ^è~Œ ‡° O 4. LѨ=∂"åK«HOõ LѨ"∞Õ Ü«∞O ´ U =ã¨∞=Î Ù#∞ =i‚OK«^ÅŒ Kå"≥∂ P =ã¨∞=Î Ù#∞ 'LѨ"∞Õ Ü«∞O— JO\Ï~°∞.

186

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187

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~°∂ѨHÍÅOHÍ~°O : LѨ=∂#, LѨ"Õ∞Ü«∞=ÚʼnõΩ ÉèË^ŒO ÖˉõΩO_® K≥ѨÊ_»O QÍx, LѨ"Õ∞Ü«∞OÖ’ LѨ=∂# ^èŒ~å‡xfl P~ÀÑ≤OK«_O» QÍx ~°∂ѨHÍÅOHÍ~°O JO\Ï~°∞. LѨ=∂# =ã¨∞=Î ÙÖ’ L#fl ^è~Œ å‡Å#∞, =∞#O =i‚OK« `«Åz# LѨ"∞Õ Ü«∞ =ã¨∞=Î Ù`À JÉè^Ë OŒ QÍ K≥ÑÊ≤ `Õ ^•xx ~°∂ѨHÍÅOHÍ~°O JO\Ï~°∞. L^• : 'q^Œº Ü«∞â◊ã∞¨ û, Éè’QÆHiõ , q^Œº QÆ∞~°∞O_»∞, q^Õâ|◊ O^è∞Œ _»∞<£— q=~°} : ÃÑ· Ѩ^ºŒ áê^ŒOÖ’ 'q^Œº— J<Õ LѨ"∞Õ Ü«∞=Ú#‰õΩ 'Ü«∞â◊ã∞¨ û—, 'Éè’QÆHiõ —, 'QÆ∞~°∞O_»∞—, 'q^Õâ◊ |O^è∞Œ _»∞— J<Õ LѨ=∂#=ÚÅ`À JÉè^Ë OŒ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk HÍ=Ù# Wk ~°∂ѨHÍÅOHÍ~°O.

„Ѩâ◊fl : 1. ~°∂ѨHÍÅOHÍ~åxfl ÅHõΔ º ÅHõ} Δ ã¨=∞#fiÜ«∞O KÕÜ∞« O_ç?

V 4. Juâ◊Ü∂≥ H˜Î JÅOHÍ~°O : QÀ~°O`« q+¨Ü∂« xfl H˘O_»`Å« ∞QÍ KÕã≤ K≥Ñʨ _®xfl Juâ◊Ü∂≥ H˜Î JÅOHÍ~°O JO\Ï~°∞. L^• : 'P ѨÙ~°=∞O^Œe "Õ∞_»Å∞ PHÍâßxfl JO@∞`«∞#flq—. q=~°} : ÃÑ· L^•Ç¨Ï~°}Ö’ '"Õ∞_»Å∞— Z`«∞ÖÎ ’ L<åfl~Ú J<Õ ÉèÏ"åxfl =ºHõOÎ KÕÜ∞« _®xH˜, PHÍâßxfl JO@∞`«∞<åflÜ«∞x Juâ◊~ÚOz, =∞s Z‰õΩ¯= KÕã≤ K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. HÍ=Ù# Wk Juâ◊Ü∂≥ H˜Î JÅOHÍ~°O.

„Ѩâ◊fl : 1. Juâ◊Ü∂≥ H˜Î JÅOHÍ~åxfl ÅHõΔ º ÅHõ} Δ ã¨=∞#fiÜ«∞O KÕÜ∞« O_ç?

V 5. ã¨fiÉèÏ"ÀH˜Î JÅOHÍ~°O : *Ïu, QÆ∞}, „H˜Ü∂« ^Œ∞Å KÕ`« ^•x ã¨fiÉèÏ"åxfl ã¨ÇϨ [ ã¨∞O^Œ~O° QÍ =i‚OK«_®xfl ã¨fiÉèÏ"ÀH˜Î JÅOHÍ~°O JO\Ï~°∞. L^• :

188

''zxfl p=∞Å∞ <À@ =∞#∞fl#∞ Q˘x `≥zÛ

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

Hõ\ #ì˜ JO^•Å ѨÙ@ì K«∂_»∞ q∞Å q∞Å "≥∞iÃã_»∞ lÅ∞QÆ∞ ^•~°=ÚÅ`À ‰õÄiÛ# ™êbx QÆ∂_»∞ K«∂_»∞.—— q=~°} : ÃÑ· L^•Ç¨Ï~°}Ö’ p=∞Å∞ ѨÙ@ì#∞ xi‡OK«_®xfl ã¨ÇϨ [ ã≤^OúŒ QÍ =i‚OK«_O» [iyOk. JÖψQ ™êeѨÙ~°∞QÆ∞ QÆ∂_»∞#∞ ã¨∞O^Œ~°OQÍ, ã¨Ç¨Ï[suÖ’ K≥ѨÊ_»O [iyOk. HÍ=Ù# Wk ã¨fiÉèÏ"ÀH˜Î JÅOHÍ~°O.

„Ѩâ◊fl : 1. ã¨fiÉèÏ"ÀH˜Î JÅOHÍ~åxfl ÅHõΔ º ÅHõ} Δ ã¨=∞#fiÜ«∞O KÕÜ∞« O_ç?

V 6. J~å÷O`«~<° 庙êÅOHÍ~°O : '™ê=∂#ºO KÕ`« qâı+O¨ QÍx, qâı+O¨ KÕ`« ™ê=∂#ºO QÍh ã¨=∞i÷OK«|_ç`Õ ^•xx J~å÷O`«~<° åºã¨ JÅOHÍ~°O JO\Ï~°∞. L^• :

1. ǨÏ#∞=∞O`«∞_»∞ ã¨=Ú„^Œ=Ú#∞ ^•>ˇ#∞. =∞Ǩ`«∞‡Å‰õΩ ™ê^躌 =Ú HÍxk U=Ú#flk? 2. Q˘Ñ¨Ê"åi`À Hõeã≤ LO_»_O» =Å¡ JÅ∞ÊʼnõΩ ‰õÄ_® Q“~°=O Åaèã∞¨ OÎ k. ѨÓÅ`À ^•~°O ‰õÄ_® `«ÅHÔ ‰õΩ¯`«∞Ok Hõ^•!

"≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ L^•Ç¨Ï~°}Ö’ 'ǨÏ#∞=∞O`«∞_»∞ ã¨=Ú„^Œ=Ú#∞ ^•>ˇ#∞— J#fl qâıëêOâ◊O '=∞Ǩ`«∞‡Å‰õΩ ™ê^躌 O HÍxk U=Ú#flk— J<Õ ™ê=∂<åºOâ◊O`À ã¨=∞i÷OK«|_çOk. ~Ô O_»= L^•Ç¨Ï~°}Ö’ Q˘Ñ¨Ê"åi`À Hõeã≤ LO_»_O» =Å¡ JÅ∞ÊʼnõΩ ‰õÄ_® Q“~°=O Åaèã∞¨ OÎ k J#fl ™ê=∂<åºOâ◊O ѨÓÅ`À ^•~°O ‰õÄ_® `«ÅHÔ ‰õΩ¯`«∞Ok Hõ^•! J#fl qâı+O¨ KÕ`« ã¨=∞i÷OK«|_çOk. HÍ=Ù# nxx J~å÷O`«~<° 庙êÅOHÍ~°O JO\Ï~°∞.

„Ѩâ◊fl : 1. J~å÷O`«~<° 庙êÅOHÍ~åxfl ÅHõΔ º ÅHõ} Δ ã¨=∞#fiÜ«∞O KÕÜ∞« O_ç?

V

`≥Å∞QÆ∞ *Ïu q"ÕHOõ

189

ã¨O„ѨkOK«∞ „QÆO^ä•Å∞ 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21.

190

PO„^èŒ =∞ǨÉèÏ~°`O« – Hõq„`«Ü∞« O (##flÜ«∞, uHõ¯#, Zé]#) ã¨∞=∞f â◊`H« Oõ – |^≥#Ì Éè∂í áêÅ∞_»∞ ÉèÏ㨯~° â◊`H« Oõ – =∂~°^Œ "≥OHõÜ∞« º hu K«O„kHõ – Ѩ~=° ã¨∞Î z#flÜ«∞ã¨∂i <å~°¡ â◊`H« Oõ – <å~°¡ "≥OHõ>âË fi◊ ~°~å=Ù x`«º ã¨`åºÅ∞ – =∞Öˇ=¡ ∂Å ã¨∞O^Œ~° ~åq∞Ô~_ç¤ ã¨`º« O t=O ã¨∞O^Œ~O° – LO_ÕÅ =∂ÅH˘O_®Ô~_ç¤ =∂#= w`« – LO_ÕÅ =∂ÅH˘O_®Ô~_ç¤ r=# w`åÅ∞ – LO_ÕÅ =∂ÅH˘O_®Ô~_ç¤ Kå@∞ Ѩ^ºŒ =∞}˜=∞O[i – ã¨Oáê^Œ‰Ωõ Å∞ "Õ@∂i „ѨÉÏè Hõ~° âߢãÎ≤ PO„^è∞Œ Å K«i„`« ã¨O㨯 $u – N YO_»=e¡ ÅH©;~°O[#O   ÉÏÖËO^Œ∞ âıY~°O K«^∞Œ =Ù Hõ^ÅŒä ∞ – ã¨OHõÅ#O : Hˆ `«∞ qâ◊fi<å^ä~ÔŒ _ç,¤ áÈÅ∞ ã¨`º« <å~åÜ«∞} KèO« ^À ^Œ~Ê° }=Ú – J#O`å=∂`«∞º_»∞ Hõq *<å„â◊Ü∞« =Ú – =∞e¡Ü∞« ~ˆ K«# ã¨∞ÅHõ} Δ ™ê~°=Ú – eOQÆ=∞‰õΩO@ u=∞‡Hõq "Õ=∞# Ѩ^ºŒ =ÚÅ∞ – Ѩi+¨¯~°} – L`«ÊÅ "ÕOHõ@ ~°OQÍKå~°∞ºÅ∞ =∞# "Õ=∞# – P~°∞„^Œ "Õ=∞# – <å~°¡ "≥OHõ>âË fi◊ ~°~å=Ù qâ◊fi Hõq "Õ=∞# – QÆ∞„~°O "≥OHõ@ ~Ô _ç¤   áÈK«# ~åq∞Ô~_ç¤ PO„^èŒ K«O„^•Ö’Hõ=Ú – J_ç^=Œ Ú ã¨∂~°Hqõ „Ѩã^≤ úŒ Ѩ^•ºÅ∞ – ã¨OHõÅ#O : Ñ≤. ~å*Ëâfi◊ ~°~å=Ù

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