Tanda-tanda Avian Influenza.docx

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Tanda-Tanda Avian Influenza

In domestic birds, the signs of disease are not diagnostic because they are highly variable and they depend on the strain of virus, bird species involved, and a variety of other factors including age and sex. Signs of disease may appear as respiratory, enteric, or reproductive abnormalities. Included are such nonspecific manifestations as decreased activity, food consumption, and egg production; ruffled feathers; coughing and sneezing; diarrhea; and even nervous disorders, such as tremors. Observable signs of illness have not been described for wild birds. In domestic chickens and turkeys, certain virus subtypes like H5N2 and H7N7, respectively, are usually highly virulent and may cause up to 100 percent mortality in infected flocks. Another major impact of influenza viruses in domestic birds is decreased egg production. Too little is known about the impact of influenza viruses on the reproductive performance of wild birds to assess whether or not they are affected in the same manner as poultry.

Pada burung domestik, tanda-tanda penyakit tidak diagnostik karena mereka sangat bervariasi dan mereka tergantung pada strain virus, jenis burung yang terlibat, dan berbagai faktor lainnya termasuk usia dan jenis kelamin. Tanda-tanda penyakit dapat muncul sebagai respi-pernafasan, enterik, atau kelainan reproduksi. termasuk manifestasi nonspesifik seperti penurunan aktivitas, makanan konsumsi, dan produksi telur; bulu rontok; batuking dan bersin; diare; dan bahkan gangguan saraf, seperti sebagai tremor. tanda-tanda diamati penyakit belum dejelaskan untuk burung liar. Pada ayam domestik dan kalkun, virus subtipe tertentu seperti H5N2 dan H7N7, masing-masing, biasanya sangat virulen dan dapat menyebabkan hingga 100 persen mortalitas pada ternak yang terinfeksi. dampak besar lain influenza virus pada unggas domestik penurunan produksi telur. Terlalu sedikit yang diketahui tentang dampak virus influenza pada kinerja reproduksi burung liar untuk menilai apakah atau tidak mereka dipengaruhi dengan cara yang sama seperti unggas.

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