Tally Account Introduction
Tally
Tally is an Accounting Software that helps you in maintaining Accounts and Inventory of your office.
General Accounting What is Accounting
“Accounting is the art of recording, classifying and summarizing in a significant manner and in terms of money, transactions and events, which are in part, at least, of a financial character, and interpreting the result thereof” – American Institute of certified public accountants.
Methods of Accounting
There are two types of Accounting Systems. 1. American Method or Single Entry System. 2. English Method or Double Entry System.
1. American Method or Single Entry System. It has further five types of accounting. I. Assets Accounts II. Liabilities Accounts III. Capital Accounts or Owner’s Equity A/c IV. Revenue or Income Accounts V. Loss or Expenses A/c Methods of Recording I. Debit the Increase in the Assets and Credit the Decrease in the Assets. II. Credit the Increase in the Liabilities and Debit the Decrease in the Liabilities. III. Credit the Increase in the Capital and Debit the Decrease in the Capital. IV. Credit the Increase in the Income and Debit the Decrease in the Income. V. Debit the Increase in the Expenses and Credit the Decrease in the Expenses. 2. English Method or Double Entry System.
Classification of Accounts 1. Personal Accounts: These accounts are those accounts which are opened by a name of a person, firm, company, society or organization.
Rules: “Debit the Receiver and Credit the Giver”. Types of Personal Accounts: I. Natural Personal Accounts: a) MAHESH’s Accounts b) Owner’s Capital Accounts c) Owner’s Drawing Accounts d) Debtors Accounts e) Creditors Accounts II. Artificial Personal Accounts a) Firm’s Accounts a) Company’s Accounts b) Organization Accounts c) Bank Accounts d) Club Accounts e) Insurance Company Accounts f) Government Sector accounts Tally Account Introduction
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III. Representative Personal Accounts a) Outstanding Salary Due to Staff account b) Prepaid Insurance Account c) Accrued Income Account d) Unearned Commission Account 2. Real Accounts: Those Business assets which can be measure in the term of money; their accounts are called Real Accounts.
Rules: “Debit what comes in and Credit what goes out”.
Types of Real Accounts: I. Tangible Real Accounts: These accounts are those assets account which can be touched. a) Cash Account b) Stock Account c) Furniture Account d) Land Account e) Building Account II. Intangible Real Accounts: Those accounts are those assets account which can’t touch but can be measured in the term of money. a) Goodwill Accounts b) Patents Accounts c) Trade Mark Accounts d) Copy Right Accounts 3. Nominal Accounts: Income and Expenditure accounts of a business are called nominal accounts.
Rules: “All the Expenses are debited and Incomes are credited”.
Types of Real Accounts: I. Expenditure Accounts: a) Salary Paid Accounts b) Rent Paid Accounts c) Bed Debts Accounts d) Commission Paid Accounts II. Income Accounts: a) Salary Received Accounts b) Rent Received Accounts c) Commission Received Accounts d) Interest Received Accounts e) Bed Debts Recovered Accounts
Steps for working in the Tally. 1. Create Company: In Tally this is the First task or primary task to create a company. For this Purpose we have to select the Create Company option from menu Gateway of Tally. After selecting the option we have to fill up the details for the Company like Company Name, Address, Started Date, and Income Tax No etc. 2. Creates Groups: Groups are created for same type of Ledger A/cs. In Tally There are many groups which are used for making ledgers. So in the rare cases we have to create groups. These are the main groups in the tally. I. Reserve and Surplus (Retained Earning): You can use this group heads like Investment Allowance Reserve, Select Ledger and other such reserve accounts. II. Current Assets: This is the primary group that has all the current assets accounts. It has Six Sub‐Groups under it. Tally Account Introduction
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a) Bank Accounts: It is used to hold all accounts of banks. b) Cash in hand: It is used to hold ledger account of cash. c) Deposits: It is used to hold assets like security deposits, rental deposits and all other deposits made by the company. d) Loan and Advances: It is used to hold all advances and loans of non trading nature given by the company. e) Stock in hand: It is used to hold certain special accounts like raw material, finished goods and work in progress. f) Sundry Debtors: It is used to hold accounts of companies and individuals that give goods on credit to the company. III. Current Liabilities: This is a primary group and is used to hold outstanding and statuary liabilities of the company. The group has three sub groups under it which are as follows. a) Duties and taxes: It consists all types of taxes and duties like Excise, Local Sales tax, Central Sales Tax, VAT etc. b) Provisions: It is used to hold other tax provisions like Income tax, depreciation in it. c) Sundry Creditors: It is used to hold accounts trade creditors of the company. IV. Fixed Assets: This is used to keep accounts of all the fixed assets, patents, trade tights etc. V. Investment: This is used to hold ledger accounts of shares, bonus and other securities of the company. VI. Loan Liabilities: This is used to keep track of loan taken by the company. This group has three sub groups which are as follows. a) Bank OD Accounts: It is used to hold all overdraft accounts with banks. b) Secured Loans: It is used to hold long/medium term loans taken by the company from financial companies and Banks etc. c) Unsecured Loans: It is used to hold the loans taken unconditionally by the company. VII. Suspense Accounts: This is used by many companies to maintain a suspense ledger which keeps track of money received or paid by the companies, whose nature of transaction is not yet known. VIII. Miscellaneous Expenses: The loss of the company, which has not been written off but carried forward to the next year, should fall here. However, tally treats it as a negative profit and carries it to the profit and loss account. IX. Branches/Division: This is used to keep the names of all companies which may be branches, divisions of the company. X. Sales Account: It is used to all goods sales accounts of the companies. XI. Purchase Account: It is used to all goods purchase accounts of the companies. XII. Direct Income: It is used to hold ledger accounts of non‐trade income accounts that affect gross profit. XIII. Indirect Income: This is used to hold ledger accounts of those expenses of the company that determine its gross profit. For example interest received and commission received. XIV. Direct Expenses: This is used to hold ledger accounts of those expenses of the company which determine its gross profit. Expenses like salary paid to labour, transportation, electricity bills etc. XV. Indirect Expenses:This is used to hold ledger account of those expenses of the company, which determine its net profit. Expenses like advertising, maintenance of vehicles, administrative expenses etc.
Tally Account Introduction
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3. Create Ledgers: Ledgers are actual account heads to which the transactions are identified. You Make all voucher entries in these accounts. You have to classify all ledgers in to groups. 4. Voucher Entries: For Making the Voucher Entries first of all we have to set the voucher date by pressing F2 then enter the voucher date. There are various types of vouchers in tally. Those are describes as follows: ‐ I. Contra Voucher: This type of voucher is used for Cash to Bank, Bank to Cash and Bank to Bank Entries. Press F4 to select the voucher type. II. Payment Voucher: This type of voucher is used for the Cash Payment Entries. Press F5 to select the voucher type. III. Receipts Voucher: This type of voucher is used for the Cash Receipts Entries. Press F6 to select the voucher type. IV. Journal: This is used for the Journal Entries like debit of credit Entries. Press F7 to select the voucher type. V. Sales Voucher: This is used for the Goods Sales Entries. Press F8 to select the voucher type. VI. Purchase Voucher: This is used for Goods Purchase Entries. Press F9 to select the voucher type. VII. Memo: This is used to create Memorandum or Reverse Journal Voucher. Press F10 to select the voucher type. 5. Display Reports: There are several types of reports are generated by the tally like Trading and Profit and Loss Account, Balance Sheet, Inventory Reporting Ratio Analysis etc.
Tally Account Introduction
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TRADING ACCOUNT
Rs. Rs
Tally Account Introduction
Figure for the current year
Particulars Rs. To Opening Stock: I. Raw Materials II. Work‐in‐Progress III. Finished Goods To Purchases Less: Purchases Returns To Manufacturing Exp. (Direct Exp.) I. Wages II. Wages and Salaries III. Direct charges IV. Carriage inwards V. Gas fuel and power VI. Freight, Octroi, Cartage VII. Royalty VIII. Excise Duty IX. Custom or Import Duty X. Factory Rent and Lighting To Gross Profit (If Any) Rs. transferred to P/L Account (Bal. Figures) To Gross Loss (If Any) B/D Rs.
Figure for the previous year
Rs
Expenditure
Figure for the current year
Figure for the previous year
Rs.
Particulars By Sales: Less: Sales Returns By Closing Stock: I. Raw Materials II. Work‐in‐Progress III. Finished Goods
Rs.
Rs.
By Gross Loss (If Any) transferred to Rs. P/L Account (Bal. Figures)
Rs.
By Gross Profit (If Any) B/D
Income
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Rs.
Particulars Rs. To Employee’s Remuneration: I. Salaries, Bonus etc. II. Contribution of provident fund, Pension fund etc. III. Staff Welfare exp. To Selling and Distribution exp: I. Advertising, Godown, Rent etc. II. Commission, Brokerage and discount Allowed. To Office Exp. I. Rent, Rates and Taxes II. Salaries, Salaries and Wages III. Insurance Premium IV. Printing, Postage & Stationery V. Repair and lightning. VI. Unproductive wages. VII. Audit fees and legal charges. VIII. Telephone Exp. IX. Trade Exp. X. Establishment Exp. XI. General Exp. To selling and distribution Exp. I. Carriage outward. II. Commission. III. Export duty. IV. Parking charges. V. Bad debts. VI. Sales tax. VII. Miscellaneous Exp. To Net Profit (If Any) Rs. transferred to Capital Account (Bal. Figures)
Rs.
Income
Rs.
Particulars By Gross Profit (If Any) B/D By Rent From Tenant By Discount Received By Income From Investment By Profit on role of investments By Interest received By Commission Received By Dividend Of Shares By Apprentice Premium By Profit on sale of Assets By Miscellaneous Receipts By Income From other sources
Rs.
By Net Loss (If Any) transferred to Rs. Capital Account (Bal. Figures)
Tally Account Introduction
Figure for the current year
Rs
Figure for the previous year
Expenditure
Figure for the current year
Figure for the previous year
Profit and Loss Account
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Rs.
Particulars Rs. 1. Share Capital: Authorized and Subscribed shares. 2. Reserve and Surplus: I. Capital Reserve II. Share Premium III. Other Reserves Less: Debit Balance of P/L Appropriation A/c (If Any) IV. Surplus i.e Credit Bal. of P/L A/c (After Providing the Proposed Dividend, Bonus or Reserves) V. Sinking Fund 3. Secured Loans: I. Debentures II. Loan and Advances 4. Unsecured Loans: I. Fixed Deposit II. Short term Loan and Advances 5. Current Liabilities and Provisions: I. Acceptance (B/P) II. Sundry Creditors III. Unclaimed Dividends IV. Interest Accrued but not due on loans V. Provision for Taxation VI. Proposed Dividends VII. Provision for Insurance VIII. Other provisions IX. Contingent Liabilities like Claim against company not acknowledged or debts
Rs.
Rs.
Total Amount
Rs.
Tally Account Introduction
Rs.
Assets
Figure for the current year
Rs
Figure for the previous year
Liabilities
Figure for the current year
Figure for the previous year
Balance Sheet of RN Pvt. Ltd. As on 31st march
Particulars Rs. 1. Fixed Assets: I. Goodwill II. Land III. Building IV. Leaseholds V. Plant and Machinery VI. Furniture and Fittings VII. Patents, Trade Mark and Copy Right VIII. Vehicles 2. Investment: I. Govt. or Trust Securities II. Share, Debentures and bonds III. Investment and Immovable Properties 3. Current Assets, Loans and Advances: I. Interest Accrued on Investment II. Stores and spare parts III. Loose Tools IV. Stock‐in‐Trade V. Work in Progress VI. Sundry Debtors Less: Cash or Bank Balance VII. Bills of Exchanges 4. Miscellaneous Expenditure I. Preliminary Expenses II. Discount Allowed on the share or debenture III. Development Expenses not adjusted. 5. Profit And Loss Account Debit Balance of P/L Account (If Any). (This is shown only when its debit balance could not be written off out of other reserves) Total Amount Rs.
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