SPH3U2 Formula Sheet Ξππβ = π£π£βππππππ Ξπ‘π‘ π£π£β1 + π£π£β2 Ξππβ = οΏ½ οΏ½ Ξπ‘π‘ 2
πΈπΈπ‘π‘π‘π‘π‘π‘π‘π‘π‘π‘ = πΈπΈπ‘π‘π‘π‘π‘π‘π‘π‘π‘π‘ β²
1 Ξππβ = π£π£β1 Ξπ‘π‘ + ππβΞπ‘π‘ 2 2 1 Ξππβ = π£π£β2 Ξπ‘π‘ β ππβΞπ‘π‘ 2 2 π£π£β22 = π£π£β12 + 2ππβΞππβ π£π£β2 = π£π£β1 + ππβΞπ‘π‘ Ξπ₯π₯ =
πΈπΈππ = ππππΞβ ππ =
ππ π‘π‘
1 πΈπΈππ = πππ£π£ 2 2
Efficiency = οΏ½
πΉπΉπΉπΉ πΉπΉππ where FN is the normal force ππ =
πΊπΊππ1 ππ2 (Ξππ)2
ππ = πΉπΉπ΄π΄ Ξππππππππππ
1 1 ππππΞβ1 + πππ£π£12 = ππππΞβ2 + πππ£π£22 2 2
π£π£ππ2 π π π π π π 2ππ ππ
πΉπΉππππππ = ππππβ
πΉπΉππ =
ππ = πΉπΉπ΄π΄ Ξππππππππππ
β11
πΊπΊ = 6.673 Γ 10 πΉπΉππ = ππππβ
ππ = 100(ππ2 β ππ1 ) in rapid analysis
ππππ2 ππππ2
Useful energy out οΏ½ Γ 100% Energy in
ππ = ππππΞπ‘π‘ where c is the specific heat capacity in J/kgΒ°C
ππππππ = ππ Γ πππ£π£ where lv is the latent heat of vaporization constant ππππππ = ππ Γ ππππ where lf is the latent heat of fusion constant 1 πΈπΈππ = πππ₯π₯ 2 2 where k is the spring constant and x is the extension/compression πΉπΉ = ππππ
ππβ = πππ£π£β Ξππβ = πΉπΉβ Ξπ‘π‘
πππ‘π‘π‘π‘π‘π‘π‘π‘ ππππ = πππ‘π‘π‘π‘π‘π‘π‘π‘π‘π‘ ππ
ππ1 π£π£1 + ππ2 π£π£2 = ππ1 π£π£1β² + ππ2 π£π£2 β² ππ1 π£π£1 + ππ2 π£π£2 = (ππ1 + ππ2 )π£π£ β² πΈπΈππ > πΈπΈππ β² in inelastic collisions
1 1 1 = + ππ ππππ ππππ ππ = ππ =
1 ππ ππ = ππππ ππ =
βππ ππππ =β βππ ππππ
π£π£π π ππ2 = ππ1 οΏ½ οΏ½ π£π£π π Β± π£π£ππ where + is receding and β is approaching
ππ
π£π£ππππππππππππ
ππ1 π π π π π π ππ1 = ππ2 π π π π π π ππ2
index of refraction =
ππ π£π£
ππ2 ππππππππ = arcsin οΏ½ οΏ½ ππ1 where n2 is the refractive index of the optically less dense medium
π£π£π π ππ2 = ππ1 οΏ½ οΏ½ π£π£π π Β± π£π£ππ where + is receding and β is approaching π£π£ = 332 + 0.6ππ πΌπΌ =
ππ 4ππππ 2
πΌπΌ1 ππ22 = πΌπΌ2 ππ12
πΌπΌ2 π½π½ = 10 log οΏ½ οΏ½ πΌπΌ1 ππ1 π£π£1 = ππ2 π£π£2
2ππ β 1 ππ 4 in closed air columns πΏπΏ =
ππ ππ 2 in open air columns πΏπΏ =
ππ1 πΏπΏ2 = ππ2 πΏπΏ1
ππ1 οΏ½ππ1 = ππ2 οΏ½ππ2 ππ1 ππ2 = ππ2 ππ1
ππ1 οΏ½Ο2 = ππ2 οΏ½Ο1 where rho is the density