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SOLID HEATER (H-02) Fungsi
: Menaikan temperatur CaF2 sebelum masuk R-01
Tipe
: Screw Heat Exchanger
Gambar
:
Fluida Panas : Steam Flowrate,
W1 = 85,7861 Kg/jam
=
189,1258 lb/hr
T1
= 200 oC
= 392 oF
T2
= 200 oC
= 392 oF
Solid Dingin
: CaF2 sebagai feed reaktor-01
Flowrate,
W2 = 3494,76 Kg/jam
= 6132,2608 lb/hr
t1
= 30 oC
= 86 oF
t2
= 105 oC
= 221 oF
Dimension of screw and barrel L pitch 1 m Db 1,2 m Ds 0,5 m e 0,04 m
= = = =
3,28 3,936 1,64 0,1312
ft ft ft ft
Perhitungan design sesuai dengan literatur pada Donald Q. Kern (1965). a.
Beban Panas H – 02 Q = 166296,3825 kJ/jam = 157620,8665 Btu/hr
b.
LMTD Fluida Panas
Fluida Dingin
(oF)
(oF)
Selisih
392 (T1)
Suhu Tinggi (th)
221 (t2)
171
392 (T2)
Suhu Rendah (tc)
86(t1)
306
Selisih
LMTD LMTD =
-135
t 2 t1 ln T1 / T2 306 −171 306
ln(171)
∆t = 231,990 oF Perhitungan design sesuai dengan literatur pada Thesis milik Gurjar, Anshuman Raj (2009). c.
Koefisien heat transfer steam Pada T = 200°C ρ μ k Cp
Re
52,7402 0,0163 0,0197 0,4637
= = = =
=
lb/ft3 cP Btu/ft.F Btu/lb.F
𝜌.𝑉.𝐷 𝜇 52,7402
=
𝑙𝑏 . 𝑓𝑡3
189,1258
𝑙𝑏 .3,936𝑓𝑡 ℎ𝑟
0,0163𝑐𝑃
= 2415560,3228
Pr
= =
𝜇.𝐶𝑝 𝑘 0,0163𝑐𝑃 .0,4637𝐵𝑡𝑢/𝑙𝑏.𝐹 0,0197𝐵𝑡𝑢/𝑓𝑡.𝐹
= 0,3832
Nnu
𝐷𝑏
𝜇
= 1,615 {𝑅𝑒 . Pr . (𝐿𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑐ℎ)}0,33 . (𝜇𝑤)0,14
= 159,6723 ℎ𝑐
Nnu
=
hc
= Nnu . k
𝑘
= 159,6723 . 0,0197 Btu/ft.F = 3,1399 Btu/ft.F d.
Koefisien heat transfer solid hp
= =
𝑞 (𝑇𝑠−𝐾) 157620,8665 𝐵𝑡𝑢/ℎ𝑟 (392 𝐹−86 𝐹)
= -515,1009 Btu/hr F e.
Nilai Uc Bahan konstrusksi yang digunakan stainlees steel, dimana nilai “ k “ untuk
stainlees steel = 16,5 W/m.k = 9,54 Btu/ft.F. Ketebalan (x) = 0,4 m = 0,1312 ft 1 𝑈𝑐 1 𝑈𝑐 1 𝑈𝑐
Uc f.
= =
1 ℎ𝑝
+
𝑥 𝑘
+
1 −515,1009
1 ℎ𝑐
+
0,1312 9,54
+
1 3,1399
= 0,33029 = 3,02766 Btu/hr.ft2.F
No. Screw of flight lc
=
𝑄.𝜌𝑝.𝐶𝑝.∆𝑇𝑝 𝜋.𝐷𝑏.𝑈𝑐.∆𝑇𝑚
= -740786,9681 No. Screw of flight
= Ic / L = -740786,9681 / 3,28 ft = -225849,6854
g.
Design Overall, Ud
Rd 1 𝑈𝑑 1 𝑈𝑑
Ud h.
= 0,0010 =
1 𝑈𝑐
+ Rd
= 3,0287 = 0,33017895 Btu/hr.ft2.F
Surface Area A
= =
𝑄 𝑈𝑑.∆𝑡 157620,8665 𝐵𝑡𝑢/ℎ𝑟 0,33017895 Btu/hr.ft2.F.231,99𝐹
= 2057,76127 ft2 Identifikasi Nama Alat
Heater-02
Kode Alat
H-02
Uc
3,02766 Btu/hr.ft2.F
Ud
0,33017895 Btu/hr.ft2.F
Rd
0,001 hr.ft2.oF/Btu
Tipe
Screw Heat Exchanger
Fungsi
Menaikkan temperatur CaF2 sebelum masuk R-01
Jumlah
1 Unit Data Desain
L pitch
3,28 ft
Db
3,936 ft
Ds
1,64 ft
e
0,1312 ft
x
1,1780 ft2
SOLID COOLER (C-01) Fungsi
: Menurunkan temperatur CaSO4 sebelum masuk T-03
Tipe
: Screw Heat Exchanger
Gambar
:
Solid Panas
: CaSO4
Flowrate,
W1 = 36,9467 Kg/jam
= 81,4534 lb/hr
T1
= 105 oC
= 221 oF
T2
= 30 oC
= 86 oF
Fluida Dingin
: Air Pendingin
Flowrate,
W2 = 13210,541 Kg/jam
= 29124,2238 lb/hr
t1
= 28 oC
= 82,4 oF
t2
= 48 oC
= 118,4 oF
Dimension of screw and barrel L pitch 1 m Db 1,2 m Ds 0,5 m e 0,04 m
= = = =
3,28 3,936 1,64 0,1312
ft ft ft ft
Perhitungan design sesuai dengan literatur pada Donald Q. Kern (1965). a.
Beban Panas H – 02 Q = 1105986,526 kJ/jam = 1048288,3150 Btu/hr
b.
LMTD Fluida Panas
Fluida Dingin
(oF)
(oF)
Selisih
221 (T1)
Suhu Tinggi (th)
118,4 (t2)
102,6
86 (T2)
Suhu Rendah (tc)
82,4 (t1)
3,6
Selisih
99
LMTD LMTD =
t 2 t1 ln T1 / T2 102,6 −3,6 102,6 ) 3,6
ln(
∆t = 29,5531 oF Perhitungan design sesuai dengan literatur pada Thesis milik Gurjar, Anshuman Raj (2009). c.
Koefisien heat transfer cooling water Pada T = 28°C ρ μ k Cp
Re
63,9706 0,8516 1,721 1,0016
= = = =
=
lb/ft3 cP Btu/ft.F Btu/lb.F
𝜌.𝑉.𝐷 𝜇 63,9706
=
𝑙𝑏 . 𝑓𝑡3
81,4534
𝑙𝑏 .3,936𝑓𝑡 ℎ𝑟
0,8516 𝑐𝑃
= 24082,0794
Pr
= =
𝜇.𝐶𝑝 𝑘 0,8516𝑐𝑃 .1,0016𝐵𝑡𝑢/𝑙𝑏.𝐹 1,721𝐵𝑡𝑢/𝑓𝑡.𝐹
= 0,4957
Nnu
𝐷𝑏
= 37,9903
Nnu
𝜇
= 1,615 {𝑅𝑒 . Pr . (𝐿𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑐ℎ)}0,33 . (𝜇𝑤)0,14
=
ℎ𝑐 𝑘
hc
= Nnu . k = 37,9903 . 1,721 Btu/ft.F = 65,3805 Btu/ft.F
d.
Koefisien heat transfer solid hp
= =
𝑞 (𝑇𝑠−𝐾) 1048288,3150 𝐵𝑡𝑢/ℎ𝑟 (221 𝐹−82,4 𝐹)
= 7563,4078 Btu/hr F e.
Nilai Uc Bahan konstrusksi yang digunakan stainlees steel, dimana nilai “ k “ untuk
stainlees steel = 16,5 W/m.k = 9,54 Btu/ft.F. Ketebalan (x) = 0,4 m = 0,1312 ft 1 𝑈𝑐 1 𝑈𝑐 1 𝑈𝑐
Uc f.
= =
1 ℎ𝑝
+
𝑥 𝑘
+
1 7563,4078
1 ℎ𝑐
+
0,1312 9,54
+
1 65,3805
= 0,029179906 = 34,27015887 Btu/hr.ft2.F
No. Screw of flight lc
=
𝑄.𝜌𝑝.𝐶𝑝.∆𝑇𝑝 𝜋.𝐷𝑏.𝑈𝑐.∆𝑇𝑚
= 611173786,9110 No. Screw of flight
= Ic / L = 611173786,9110 / 3,28 ft = 18650544,79
g.
Design Overall, Ud Rd 1 𝑈𝑑
= 0,0010 =
1 𝑈𝑐
+ Rd
1 𝑈𝑑
Ud h.
= 34,2712 = 0,029179054 Btu/hr.ft2.F
Surface Area A
= =
𝑄 𝑈𝑑.∆𝑡 1048288,3150 𝐵𝑡𝑢/ℎ𝑟 0,029179054 Btu/hr.ft2.F.29,5531𝐹
= 1215644,846 ft2 Identifikasi Nama Alat
Cooler-01
Kode Alat
C-01
Uc
34,27015887 Btu/hr.ft2.F
Ud
0,029179054 Btu/hr.ft2.F
Rd
0,001 hr.ft2.oF/Btu
Tipe
Screw Heat Exchanger
Fungsi
Menurunkan temperatur CaSO4 sebelum masuk T-03
Jumlah
1 Unit Data Desain
L pitch
3,28 ft
Db
3,936 ft
Ds
1,64 ft
e
0,1312 ft
x
1,1780 ft2
: Menaikan temperatur CaF2 sebelum masuk R-01
Tipe
: Screw Heat Exchanger
Gambar
:
Fluida Panas : Steam Flowrate,
W1 = 85,7861 Kg/jam
=
189,1258 lb/hr
T1
= 200 oC
= 392 oF
T2
= 200 oC
= 392 oF
Solid Dingin
: CaF2 sebagai feed reaktor-01
Flowrate,
W2 = 3494,76 Kg/jam
= 6132,2608 lb/hr
t1
= 30 oC
= 86 oF
t2
= 105 oC
= 221 oF
Dimension of screw and barrel L pitch 1 m Db 1,2 m Ds 0,5 m e 0,04 m
= = = =
3,28 3,936 1,64 0,1312
ft ft ft ft
Perhitungan design sesuai dengan literatur pada Donald Q. Kern (1965). a.
Beban Panas H – 02 Q = 166296,3825 kJ/jam = 157620,8665 Btu/hr
b.
LMTD Fluida Panas
Fluida Dingin
(oF)
(oF)
Selisih
392 (T1)
Suhu Tinggi (th)
221 (t2)
171
392 (T2)
Suhu Rendah (tc)
86(t1)
306
Selisih
LMTD LMTD =
-135
t 2 t1 ln T1 / T2 306 −171 306
ln(171)
∆t = 231,990 oF Perhitungan design sesuai dengan literatur pada Thesis milik Gurjar, Anshuman Raj (2009). c.
Koefisien heat transfer steam Pada T = 200°C ρ μ k Cp
Re
52,7402 0,0163 0,0197 0,4637
= = = =
=
lb/ft3 cP Btu/ft.F Btu/lb.F
𝜌.𝑉.𝐷 𝜇 52,7402
=
𝑙𝑏 . 𝑓𝑡3
189,1258
𝑙𝑏 .3,936𝑓𝑡 ℎ𝑟
0,0163𝑐𝑃
= 2415560,3228
Pr
= =
𝜇.𝐶𝑝 𝑘 0,0163𝑐𝑃 .0,4637𝐵𝑡𝑢/𝑙𝑏.𝐹 0,0197𝐵𝑡𝑢/𝑓𝑡.𝐹
= 0,3832
Nnu
𝐷𝑏
𝜇
= 1,615 {𝑅𝑒 . Pr . (𝐿𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑐ℎ)}0,33 . (𝜇𝑤)0,14
= 159,6723 ℎ𝑐
Nnu
=
hc
= Nnu . k
𝑘
= 159,6723 . 0,0197 Btu/ft.F = 3,1399 Btu/ft.F d.
Koefisien heat transfer solid hp
= =
𝑞 (𝑇𝑠−𝐾) 157620,8665 𝐵𝑡𝑢/ℎ𝑟 (392 𝐹−86 𝐹)
= -515,1009 Btu/hr F e.
Nilai Uc Bahan konstrusksi yang digunakan stainlees steel, dimana nilai “ k “ untuk
stainlees steel = 16,5 W/m.k = 9,54 Btu/ft.F. Ketebalan (x) = 0,4 m = 0,1312 ft 1 𝑈𝑐 1 𝑈𝑐 1 𝑈𝑐
Uc f.
= =
1 ℎ𝑝
+
𝑥 𝑘
+
1 −515,1009
1 ℎ𝑐
+
0,1312 9,54
+
1 3,1399
= 0,33029 = 3,02766 Btu/hr.ft2.F
No. Screw of flight lc
=
𝑄.𝜌𝑝.𝐶𝑝.∆𝑇𝑝 𝜋.𝐷𝑏.𝑈𝑐.∆𝑇𝑚
= -740786,9681 No. Screw of flight
= Ic / L = -740786,9681 / 3,28 ft = -225849,6854
g.
Design Overall, Ud
Rd 1 𝑈𝑑 1 𝑈𝑑
Ud h.
= 0,0010 =
1 𝑈𝑐
+ Rd
= 3,0287 = 0,33017895 Btu/hr.ft2.F
Surface Area A
= =
𝑄 𝑈𝑑.∆𝑡 157620,8665 𝐵𝑡𝑢/ℎ𝑟 0,33017895 Btu/hr.ft2.F.231,99𝐹
= 2057,76127 ft2 Identifikasi Nama Alat
Heater-02
Kode Alat
H-02
Uc
3,02766 Btu/hr.ft2.F
Ud
0,33017895 Btu/hr.ft2.F
Rd
0,001 hr.ft2.oF/Btu
Tipe
Screw Heat Exchanger
Fungsi
Menaikkan temperatur CaF2 sebelum masuk R-01
Jumlah
1 Unit Data Desain
L pitch
3,28 ft
Db
3,936 ft
Ds
1,64 ft
e
0,1312 ft
x
1,1780 ft2
SOLID COOLER (C-01) Fungsi
: Menurunkan temperatur CaSO4 sebelum masuk T-03
Tipe
: Screw Heat Exchanger
Gambar
:
Solid Panas
: CaSO4
Flowrate,
W1 = 36,9467 Kg/jam
= 81,4534 lb/hr
T1
= 105 oC
= 221 oF
T2
= 30 oC
= 86 oF
Fluida Dingin
: Air Pendingin
Flowrate,
W2 = 13210,541 Kg/jam
= 29124,2238 lb/hr
t1
= 28 oC
= 82,4 oF
t2
= 48 oC
= 118,4 oF
Dimension of screw and barrel L pitch 1 m Db 1,2 m Ds 0,5 m e 0,04 m
= = = =
3,28 3,936 1,64 0,1312
ft ft ft ft
Perhitungan design sesuai dengan literatur pada Donald Q. Kern (1965). a.
Beban Panas H – 02 Q = 1105986,526 kJ/jam = 1048288,3150 Btu/hr
b.
LMTD Fluida Panas
Fluida Dingin
(oF)
(oF)
Selisih
221 (T1)
Suhu Tinggi (th)
118,4 (t2)
102,6
86 (T2)
Suhu Rendah (tc)
82,4 (t1)
3,6
Selisih
99
LMTD LMTD =
t 2 t1 ln T1 / T2 102,6 −3,6 102,6 ) 3,6
ln(
∆t = 29,5531 oF Perhitungan design sesuai dengan literatur pada Thesis milik Gurjar, Anshuman Raj (2009). c.
Koefisien heat transfer cooling water Pada T = 28°C ρ μ k Cp
Re
63,9706 0,8516 1,721 1,0016
= = = =
=
lb/ft3 cP Btu/ft.F Btu/lb.F
𝜌.𝑉.𝐷 𝜇 63,9706
=
𝑙𝑏 . 𝑓𝑡3
81,4534
𝑙𝑏 .3,936𝑓𝑡 ℎ𝑟
0,8516 𝑐𝑃
= 24082,0794
Pr
= =
𝜇.𝐶𝑝 𝑘 0,8516𝑐𝑃 .1,0016𝐵𝑡𝑢/𝑙𝑏.𝐹 1,721𝐵𝑡𝑢/𝑓𝑡.𝐹
= 0,4957
Nnu
𝐷𝑏
= 37,9903
Nnu
𝜇
= 1,615 {𝑅𝑒 . Pr . (𝐿𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑐ℎ)}0,33 . (𝜇𝑤)0,14
=
ℎ𝑐 𝑘
hc
= Nnu . k = 37,9903 . 1,721 Btu/ft.F = 65,3805 Btu/ft.F
d.
Koefisien heat transfer solid hp
= =
𝑞 (𝑇𝑠−𝐾) 1048288,3150 𝐵𝑡𝑢/ℎ𝑟 (221 𝐹−82,4 𝐹)
= 7563,4078 Btu/hr F e.
Nilai Uc Bahan konstrusksi yang digunakan stainlees steel, dimana nilai “ k “ untuk
stainlees steel = 16,5 W/m.k = 9,54 Btu/ft.F. Ketebalan (x) = 0,4 m = 0,1312 ft 1 𝑈𝑐 1 𝑈𝑐 1 𝑈𝑐
Uc f.
= =
1 ℎ𝑝
+
𝑥 𝑘
+
1 7563,4078
1 ℎ𝑐
+
0,1312 9,54
+
1 65,3805
= 0,029179906 = 34,27015887 Btu/hr.ft2.F
No. Screw of flight lc
=
𝑄.𝜌𝑝.𝐶𝑝.∆𝑇𝑝 𝜋.𝐷𝑏.𝑈𝑐.∆𝑇𝑚
= 611173786,9110 No. Screw of flight
= Ic / L = 611173786,9110 / 3,28 ft = 18650544,79
g.
Design Overall, Ud Rd 1 𝑈𝑑
= 0,0010 =
1 𝑈𝑐
+ Rd
1 𝑈𝑑
Ud h.
= 34,2712 = 0,029179054 Btu/hr.ft2.F
Surface Area A
= =
𝑄 𝑈𝑑.∆𝑡 1048288,3150 𝐵𝑡𝑢/ℎ𝑟 0,029179054 Btu/hr.ft2.F.29,5531𝐹
= 1215644,846 ft2 Identifikasi Nama Alat
Cooler-01
Kode Alat
C-01
Uc
34,27015887 Btu/hr.ft2.F
Ud
0,029179054 Btu/hr.ft2.F
Rd
0,001 hr.ft2.oF/Btu
Tipe
Screw Heat Exchanger
Fungsi
Menurunkan temperatur CaSO4 sebelum masuk T-03
Jumlah
1 Unit Data Desain
L pitch
3,28 ft
Db
3,936 ft
Ds
1,64 ft
e
0,1312 ft
x
1,1780 ft2
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