Smooth Branden V6 En V8 Motoren

Smooth branden V6 en V8 motoren 27 september 2007 Jean M. Hoffman Tumble ventiel lagers in spruitstukken van Next-Gen V6 en V8 motoren van Mercedes Benz zegt de eerste te worden gemaakt van een in-mold assemblage proces. Printer-friendly versionSchneegans GmbH in Duitsland gebruikt coinjection molding en twee aangelegde harsen te monteren de lagers in de matrijs. De Duitse auto-maker zegt dat dit is beduidend minder duur dan de traditionele toetreden processen op het gebied van assemblage, gereedschappen en machines. Een high-performance polyamide 46 genaamd Stanyl PA46 van DSM Engineering Plastics, is het eerste deel in de montage te worden gegoten. Het behoudt stijfheid bij hoge temperaturen - zelfs dicht bij h

t smeltpunt - zodat er geen vervorming als de tweede polyfenyleen sulfide materiaal injecteert eromheen. De sleutel tot het in-mold montage is dat de PA46 en KKS niet voldoen aan elkaar na afkoeling. Tijdens verzamelleiding operatie, dit zorgt voor het vrije verkeer van de peiling ventiel te optimaliseren luchtstroom in de verbrandingskamer en gelijkmatig verdelen van de lucht / brandstofmengsel. Het resultaat is sneller branden, meer efficiënte verbranding, en een lager brandstofverbruik tot 0,2 liter benzine per 100 km voor hetzelfde motorvermogen. Sewing machine with a step motor for feed control

US Patent Issued on December 2, 1986 Estimated Patent Expiration Date: May 30, 2004Estimated Expiration Date is calculated based on simple USPTO term provisions. It does not account for terminal disclaimers, term adjustments, failure to pay maintenance fees, or other factors which might affect the term of a patent.Abstract Claims Description Full Text View Patent Images (PDF) (Registered users only) Claims What is claimed is: 1. In a sewing machine having a main shaft, a needle bar operatively connected to the main shaft for moving the needle bar to execute a sewing motion, a cloth feeder movableto feed a cloth and position changing means operatively connected to one of the needle bar and cloth feeder for controlling the motion thereof to form a selected stitch pattern, the position changing means including a step motor having a shaft and a pairof phase windings for controlling a rotational position of the step motor shaft from a normal position, the improvement comprising: a pulse generator operatively connected to the main shaft for generating pulses with rotation of the main shaft; a microcomputer connected to said pulse generator for processing digital information corresponding to a selected stitch and for receiving pulses from said pulse generator; a buffer memory having an input for receiving digital information from said microcomputer and an output; a digital-to-analog converter connected to said buffer memory output for converting digital data from said buffer memory into an analog signal corresponding to a position deviating from the normal step motor shaft position; a step motor phase control circuit for generating a phase current to be applied to each of said phase windings, said phase control circuit having a discriminating element for providing a precision pathway for

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a first comparator having an inverting input connected to said discriminating element for receiving a control signal, a non-inverting input connected to said digital-to-analog converter for receiving said analog signal and an output connected tosaid phase control circuit for controlling the turning-on and turning-off as well as the intensity of said phase current in response to a comparison between said analog signal and said control signal;

and

a second comparator having an output connected to said output of said first comparator, an inverting input connected to a reference voltage and a non-inverting input connected via a resistor to said reference voltage and via a condenser to saidoutputs of said first and second comparators.

2. In a sewing machine according to claim 1, the improvement comprising said digital-toanalog converter having a four bit input connected to said buffer memory with a most significant bit and a least significant bit, and a voltage dividerconnected between said buffer memory and said digital-to-analog converter at said most significant bit. 3. In a sewing machine according to claim 1, the improvement wherein said step motor phase control circuit includes a first switching amplifier and a second switching amplifier,

said first and second switching amplifiers each having an outputconnected to opposite ends of a current carrier for carrying said phase current, each of said first and second switching amplifiers having a non-inverting input connected to said microcomputer for receiving a control signal and an inverting inputconnected to said comparator output for receiving a chopping signal for chopping said

phase current to zero, each of said first and second switching amplifiers having a voltage receiving input and a voltage supplying input, each voltage supplying inputconnected to said discriminating element and to said inverting input of said comparator for supplying

said control signal. 4. A sewing machine with a main shaft, a vertically guided needle bar in driving connection with the main shaft for a lifting motion of the needle bar, a step motor with a plurality of phase windings controlled by a microcomputer connected tosetting means for the control of the size and direction of the feeding action of a cloth feeder, and a pulse generator connected to the main shaft and triggering the step motor motion, comprising: the microcomputer (42) being connected, via a buffermemory (48) and D/A converter (60), to the non-inverting input of a first comparator (70) which controls the turning on and off as well as the intensity of a phase current (1) of each phase winding (49,49') of

the step motor (31) and whose inverting input is connected to a discriminating element (84) disposed in a phase circuit (56) of the step motor, said first comparator having an output connected to said phase circuit for controlling the turning on and off as well as the intensity of the phasecurrent of each phase winding, a second comp

arator (74) having an output connected to said output of said first comparator, an inverting

input

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nnect to a reference voltage (UR) and a non-inverting input connected via a r

ed

sistor (75) to saidreference voltage and via a condenser (73) to said outputs of said first and second comparators. 5. A sewing machine according to claim 4, wherein the D/A converter (60) has four input stages (0 through 3) whose biggest stage (3) is connected to the corresponding outputs of

the buffer memory (48) via a voltage divider (61,62). Complete, Inexpensive Serial Motion Controllers -------------------------------------------------------------------------------Motion Control made simple! Revolutionary intelligent, inexpensive and standalone serial OEM motion control boards for precision control in automation, robotics and instrumentation. Simple Step motion controllers are self contained OEM style controllers that only need a single voltage DC power supply, serial communications, and a stepping motor. The most products comes standard with translator and amplifier onboard with user settable hardware or software current limiting for each axis. Motion controllers from single to multi-axis are available in a wide range of sizes that can control stepping motors from 0.1 amps per phase to as much as 8.0 amps per phase (with external amplifiers).

All products are networkable (both RS232 and RS422/485). Each axis comes complete with 1 motor drive output, Home Input, Limit Input, 3-TTL I/O lines, 1-0.5 amp MOSFET diode clamped output and software selectable IDLE current settings. Stepping speeds from 0.004 sps to 30,000 sps (steps per second). Software selectable stepping modes range from a minimum of Full and Half step with other models allowing up to 1/32 microstepping.

Boards can be run from a single voltage source (as little as 7.5VDC to as much as 50VDC). Options include 32 bit movement, 2K to 16K onboard Flash memory for user programmable storage, RTOS (Real-Time Operating System), 12 bit dual channel, 05VDC Analog to Digital Converter add-on board (on selected models) and Quadrature encoder inteface.

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