Six Month Merchandise Plan • One of the most difficult tasks facing the retail merchandiser is determining what to carry. Careful planning is necessary if the retailer is to carry the ‘right’ stock in the ‘right’ quantities. Thus planning is of great importance in merchandising goods to achieve a profit. To a great; extent, the success or failure of the merchandising division is dependent on the degree and quality of the planning that takes place.
Planning Sales Actual planning begins with sales. Sales are planned on net basis (gross sales – customer returns). Retailer must be aware of factors affecting the customers ability and motivation to buy. Shifts in customer demand occur for a vareity of reasons.
Planning Sales 1. Obtain sales from last year for each month of the plan. 2. Determine projected sales volume for each month in the plan. Consider factors – competition, review past sales history and current trends. 3. Figure % increase or decrease of planned sales over last year’s sales.
Planning Sales • % Sales increase or decrease = this year planned sales – last year actual sales ------------------------------------------------------- x 100 last year actual sales
Planning Stocks • The buyer determines the amt of stock needed at the beginning of each month(BOM) in order to to meet the planned sales figures. • Retailer use a variety of methods to plan stock in order to provide a balanced inventory in relation to estimated sales. 1. The basic stock method 2. Stock – sales ratio method
The Basic Stock Method • Basic stock is defined as the the minimum stock that should be maintained. • The BOM stock be sufficient to cover the sales for that month and allow for a reserve of the basic stock. • There should be a basic inventory on hand that remains constant regardless of the rate of sale. The stock to be carried at the beginning of the month is determined by adding value of basic stock to planned sales
The Basic Stock Method • BOM Stock = Planned sales + Basic stock • Basic Stock = Average Stock – Average Monthly Sales • Average stock = Planned sales for the season -------------------------------------Stock turn for season Average Monthly Sales = Planned sales for the season ---------------------------------------
The Basic Stock Method Example • A dept has a planned stock turnover of 4 and planned sales of 160000 for a six month season. Plan BOM stock for April if planned sales for April are $20000?
Solution a) Average stock for season = sales for the season ----------------------- = 160000/4 = $ 40000 stock turn for the season b) Average monthly sales = sales for season --------------------------- = 160000/6 = $ 26667 no of months in the season
c) Basic stock = Average stock – Average monthly sales= 40000 – 26667 = 13333 d) BOM stock = sales for the month + basic stock
= 20000 + 13333 = $33333
Stock-Sales Ratio • BOM stock = Planned Monthly Sales x Stock-Sales Ratio • Stock-Sales Ratio = BOM Stock -----------------------Net sales for the month
Stock-Sales Ratio Examples • Determine the stock-sales ratio when BOM stock at retail is $50000 and retail sales for the month are $35000?
• The girls dept had planned sales of $60000 for the month of April. Past records indicate a stocksales ratio of 5.4. What should be planned BOM stock for month of April?
SIX MONTH MERCHANDISE PLAN
Plan
Actual
JULY JAN
SEASON TOTALS
% initial markup % reductions % maintained markup % alteration expenses % cash discount % gross margin % operating expenses % net profit season turnover average stock basic stock
Department Name________________ Department Number _______________ Merchandise Manager _______________ Buyer___________________________ Period___________________________ SPRING FALL SALES Last year Plan Plan % of season Revised Plan Actual EOM STOCK Last year Plan Revised Actual MARKDOWNS Last year Plan Revised Actual % of Plan MD BOM STOCK Last year Plan Revised Actual Planned Purchases Last year at Retail Plan Revised Actual Planned Purchases Last year at Cost Plan Revised Actual
FEB AUG
MARCH SEP
APRIL OCT
MAY NOV
JUNE DEC
Six Month Merchandise Plan • • • • • • • •
First fill all information given in the sum 8.5-1 Planned sales - $650000 Reductions 22% of sales = 22% x 650000 = 143000 Seasons turnover =1.9 Operating expenses 34.0% Profit desired 7.5% Alteration costs 0.5% Cash discounts 1.6%
SIX MONTH MERCHANDISE PLAN
Plan
Actual
% initial markup % reductions % maintained markup % alteration expenses % cash discount % gross margin % operating expenses % net profit season turnover average stock basic stock
Department Name________________ Department Number _______________ Merchandise Manager _______________ Buyer___________________________ Period___________________________ SPRING FALL SALES Last year Plan Plan % of season Revised Plan Actual EOM STOCK Last year Plan Revised Actual MARKDOWNS Last year Plan Revised Actual % of Plan MD BOM STOCK Last year Plan Revised Actual Planned Purchases Last year at Retail Plan Revised Actual Planned Purchases Last year at Cost Plan Revised Actual
FEB AUG
MARCH SEP
APRIL OCT
MAY NOV
JUNE DEC
22.00% 0.50% 1.60% 34.00% 1.9
JULY JAN
SEASON TOTALS 650000
Six Month Merchandise Plan • Write the % of planned sales % in the sales column ‘planed $ of season’ row • Feb 15.5 March 17.5 • April 19.0 May 18.0 • June 15.5 July 14.5 • Write the % of planned reductions in the markdown column –’%of plan MD’- row • Feb 15 March 12 • April 19 May 16 • June 18 July 20
SIX MONTH MERCHANDISE PLAN
Plan
Actual
% initial markup % reductions % maintained markup % alteration expenses % cash discount % gross margin % operating expenses % net profit season turnover average stock basic stock
Department Name________________ Department Number _______________ Merchandise Manager _______________ Buyer___________________________ Period___________________________ SPRING FALL SALES Last year Plan Plan % of season Revised Plan Actual EOM STOCK Last year Plan Revised Actual MARKDOWNS Last year Plan Revised Actual % of Plan MD BOM STOCK Last year Plan Revised Actual Planned Purchases Last year at Retail Plan Revised Actual Planned Purchases Last year at Cost Plan Revised Actual
FEB AUG
MARCH SEP
APRIL OCT
MAY NOV
JUNE DEC
22.00% 0.50% 1.60% 34.00% 1.9
JULY JAN
SEASON TOTALS 650000
15.5
17.5
19
18
15.5
14.5
15
12
19
16
18
20
Six Month Merchandise Plan • Distribute monthly planned sales. = % of seasons sales x Net sales Feb = 15.5% x 650000 = 100750 March = 17.5% x 650000 = 113750 April = 19.0% x 650000 = 123500 May = 18.0% x 650000 = 117000 June = 15.5% x 650000 = 100750 July = 14.5% x 650000 = 94250 ----------------Planned sales 650000
Six Month Merchandise Plan • Distribute monthly planned reductions. = % of reductions x Net sales =22% x 650000 = 143000 Feb = 15% x 143000 = 21450 March = 12% x 143000 = 17160 April = 19% x 143000 = 27170 May = 16% x 143000 = 22880 June = 18% x 143000 = 25740 July = 20% x 143000 = 28600 ----------------Planned reductions 143000
SIX MONTH MERCHANDISE PLAN
Plan
Actual
% initial markup % reductions % maintained markup % alteration expenses % cash discount % gross margin % operating expenses % net profit season turnover average stock basic stock
Department Name________________ Department Number _______________ Merchandise Manager _______________ Buyer___________________________ Period___________________________ SPRING FALL SALES Last year Plan Plan % of season Revised Plan Actual EOM STOCK Last year Plan Revised Actual MARKDOWNS Last year Plan Revised Actual % of Plan MD BOM STOCK Last year Plan Revised Actual Planned Purchases Last year at Retail Plan Revised Actual Planned Purchases Last year at Cost Plan Revised Actual
FEB AUG
MARCH SEP
APRIL OCT
MAY NOV
JUNE DEC
22.00% 0.50% 1.60% 34.00% 1.9
JULY JAN
SEASON TOTALS
100750 15.5
113750 17.5
123500 19
117000 18
100750 15.5
94250 14.5
650000
21450
17160
27170
22880
25740
28600
143000
15
12
19
16
18
20
Six Month Merchandise Plan • Determine BOM stock figures: a) Basic stock = Average Inventory – Average Monthly Sales = Planned sales planned sales -----------------------------------stock turnover no of months = 650000 650000 ---------------------1.9 6 = 342105.26 – 108333.33 = 233771.93 = 233772
Six Month Merchandise Plan b) BOM stock = Planned monthly sales + Basic stock Feb March April May June July
= 100750 + 233772 = 334522 = 113750 + 233772 = 347522 = 123500 + 233772 = 357272 = 117000 + 233772 = 350772 = 100750 + 233772 = 334522 = 94250 + 233772 = 328022 ----------------Total Planned BOM 2052632
SIX MONTH MERCHANDISE PLAN
Plan
Department Name________________ Department Number _______________ Merchandise Manager _______________ Buyer___________________________ Period___________________________ SPRING FALL SALES Last year Plan Plan % of season Revised Plan Actual EOM STOCK Last year Plan Revised Actual MARKDOWNS Last year Plan Revised Actual % of Plan MD BOM STOCK Last year Plan Revised Actual Planned Purchases Last year at Retail Plan Revised Actual Planned Purchases Last year at Cost Plan Revised Actual
FEB AUG
MARCH SEP
APRIL OCT
MAY NOV
Actual
% initial markup
51.15%
% reductions % maintained markup % alteration expenses % cash discount % gross margin % operating expenses % net profit season turnover average stock basic stock
22.00%
JUNE DEC
0.50% 1.60% 41.50% 34.00% 7.50% 1.9 233772 JULY JAN
SEASON TOTALS
100750 15.5
113750 17.5
123500 19
117000 18
100750 15.5
94250 14.5
65000
21450
17160
27170
22880
25740
28600
14300
15
12
19
16
18
20
334522
347522
357272
350772
334522
328022
205263
Six Month Merchandise Plan • End of month EOM = Beginning inventory of next month July EOM inv = calculate average BOM ----------------------no of months OR average inv = Sales = 650000 = 342105 ----------------Turnover 1.9
SIX MONTH MERCHANDISE PLAN
Plan
Department Name________________ Department Number _______________ Merchandise Manager _______________ Buyer___________________________ Period___________________________ SPRING FALL SALES Last year Plan Plan % of season Revised Plan Actual EOM STOCK Last year Plan Revised Actual MARKDOWNS Last year Plan Revised Actual % of Plan MD BOM STOCK Last year Plan Revised Actual Planned Purchases Last year at Retail Plan Revised Actual Planned Purchases Last year at Cost Plan Revised Actual
FEB AUG
MARCH SEP
APRIL OCT
MAY NOV
Actual
% initial markup
51.15%
% reductions % maintained markup % alteration expenses % cash discount % gross margin % operating expenses % net profit season turnover average stock basic stock
22.00%
JUNE DEC
0.50% 1.60% 41.50% 34.00% 7.50% 1.9 233772 JULY JAN
SEASON TOTALS
100750 15.5
113750 17.5
123500 19
117000 18
100750 15.5
94250 14.5
347522
357272
350772
334522
328022
342105*
21450
17160
27170
22880
25740
28600
15
12
19
16
18
20
334522
347522
357272
350772
334522
328022
650000
143000
2052632
Six Month Merchandise Plan • Monthly planned purchase at retail = Sales + EOM stock + Markdown – BOM stock Feb = 100750 + 347522 + 21450 – 334522 = 135200 March = 113750 + 357272 + 17160 - 347522 = 140660 April = 123500 + 350772 + 27170 – 357272 = 144170 May = 117000 + 334522 + 22880 - 350772 = 123630 June = 100750 + 328022 + 25740 - 334522 = 119990 July = 94250 + 342105 + 28600 - 328022 = 136933 ------------Total Planned Purchase at Retail 800583
SIX MONTH MERCHANDISE PLAN
Plan
Department Name________________ Department Number _______________ Merchandise Manager _______________ Buyer___________________________ Period___________________________ SPRING FALL SALES Last year Plan Plan % of season Revised Plan Actual EOM STOCK Last year Plan Revised Actual MARKDOWNS Last year Plan Revised Actual % of Plan MD BOM STOCK Last year Plan Revised Actual Planned Purchases Last year at Retail Plan Revised Actual Planned Purchases Last year at Cost Plan Revised Actual
FEB AUG
MARCH SEP
APRIL OCT
MAY NOV
Actual
% initial markup
51.15%
% reductions % maintained markup % alteration expenses % cash discount % gross margin % operating expenses % net profit season turnover average stock basic stock
22.00%
JUNE DEC
0.50% 1.60% 41.50% 34.00% 7.50% 1.9 233772 JULY JAN
SEASON TOTALS
100750 15.5
113750 17.5
123500 19
117000 18
100750 15.5
94250 14.5
650000
347522
357272
350772
334522
328022
342105*
21450
17160
27170
22880
25740
28600
15
12
19
16
18
20
334522
347522
357272
350772
334522
328022
2052632
135200
140660
144170
123630
119990
136933
800583
143000
Six Month Merchandise Plan
• Planned Purchase at Cost = Gross Margin% = Profit % + Expense % = 7.5 % + 34.0 % = 41.5 % Cost % = (100 % - 41.5%) = 58.5% • Planned Purchase at Cost = Planned purchase at retail x (58.5%) Feb = 135200 x 58.5% = 79092 March = 140660 x 58.5% = 82286 April = 144170 x 58.5% = 84339 May = 123630 x 58.5% = 72324 June = 119990 x 58.5% = 70194 July = 136933 x 58.5% = 80106 ------------Total Purchase at Cost = 468341
SIX MONTH MERCHANDISE PLAN
Plan
Department Name________________ Department Number _______________ Merchandise Manager _______________ Buyer___________________________ Period___________________________ SPRING FALL SALES Last year Plan Plan % of season Revised Plan Actual EOM STOCK Last year Plan Revised Actual MARKDOWNS Last year Plan Revised Actual % of Plan MD BOM STOCK Last year Plan Revised Actual Planned Purchases Last year at Retail Plan Revised Actual Planned Purchases Last year at Cost Plan Revised Actual
FEB AUG
MARCH SEP
APRIL OCT
MAY NOV
Actual
% initial markup
51.15%
% reductions % maintained markup % alteration expenses % cash discount % gross margin % operating expenses % net profit season turnover average stock basic stock
22.00%
JUNE DEC
0.50% 1.60% 41.50% 34.00% 7.50% 1.9 233772 JULY JAN
SEASON TOTALS
100750 15.5
113750 17.5
123500 19
117000 18
100750 15.5
94250 14.5
650000
347522
357272
350772
334522
328022
342105*
21450
17160
27170
22880
25740
28600
15
12
19
16
18
20
334522
347522
357272
350772
334522
328022
2052632
135200
140660
144170
123630
119990
136933
800583
79092
82286
84339
72324
70194
80106
468341
143000