Siberian Tiger

Ain Syazwani binti Haron Norlela binti Mohamed Kasa Elina Zaliha binti Mahizan Nur Farizan Binti Mat Ghani Juliana Binti Che Din

Tigers

• Common Name  : Siberian tiger, Amur tiger; Tigre de Sibérie(Fr); (Sp) • Scientific Name :  Panthera tigris altaica • Habitat  : Boreal forest • Location  : Far eastern Asia • Status   IUCN: Critically Endangered (CR - C2a(ii)) CITES: Appendix I

Habitat • Major habitat type Boreal forest • Biogeographic realm Palearctic • Range States China, North Korea, Russia • Geographical Location Far eastern Asia • Ecological Region Russian Far East Broadleaf and Conifer Forests

Physical features •

A typical male Amur tiger, the largest of the tiger subspecies, may weigh more than 250 kg and measure nearly three meters from nose to tip of the tail.

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Size Individuals weigh between 180 and 300 kg. Females are normally smaller than males and weigh 100-167 kg (220368 lb), probably up to 180 kg (400 lb).

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Colour The upper part of the animal ranges from reddish orange to ochre, and the under parts are whitish. The body has a series of black striations of black to dark grey colour.  

Breeding • Siberian tigers reach sexual maturity at 3 years of age. • A female signals her receptiveness by leaving urine deposits and scratch marks on trees. • Cubs are divided equally between genders at birth. However, by adulthood there are usually 2 to 4 females for every male. The female cubs remain with their mothers longer, and later they establish territories close

The causes • Tigers are most commonly poached for their fur and for their body parts used in Traditional Chinese Medicine. • It is estimated that in 1991 alone, one-third of the Siberian tiger population was killed to meet the demand for their bones and other parts used in this practice. • This even though the practice is now unlawful in China. • In 1993 the State Council of the People's Republic of China issued a notice declaring the use of tiger bone for medicinal purposes to be illegal. • The Chinese government encouraged the Ministry of Public Health and the pharmaceutical companies to seek substitute medicines for tiger parts. However, because it is such a lucrative

The causes • The other vital concern for the survival of the Siberian tiger in the wild is habitat loss. • Research has demonstrated the Siberian tigers require vast forest landscapes to survive. • However logging, both legal and illegal is threatening the tigers home by fragmenting their habitat thereby isolating them from each other. • In addition, the continuous creation of new logging roads provide poachers

Steps to conserve • WWF, in partnership with Russian authorities and other NGOs. • To helping establish an ecological network of protected areas (Econet) to secure well-connected habitat for the Amur tiger, funds anti-poaching patrols in the Russian Far East. • Supports an ungulate recovery programme. • WWF is collaborating with the Russian authorities and other partners in the recent survey of Amur tigers.  

Preservation • Groups of tigers become separated from each other by villages and farms: tigers in one area can no longer mate with tigers in nearby areas. • Instead, tigers must breed repeatedly with the same small group of animals. • Forestry and wildlife departments are too understaffed and under budgeted to be effective against the onslaught

The end