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INTRODUCTION ❏ Crane hooks are one of the important components which are used to transfer materials having heavy loads, mainly in industries. ❏ They are used in civil & mechanical engineering applications. ❏ Crane hooks are liable components subjected to failure due to stress in accumulation of heavy loads. ❏ The design parameters for crane hook are area of cross section, material and radius of crane hook. ❏ Forged steel,Grey cast iron,Carbon Steel,Stainless steel are commonly used.
TYPES ➢ Single Crane Hook - deals with loads of up to 75 tons ➢ Double Crane Hooks - suitable for heavier loads of over 75 tons. ➢ Forging Crane Hooks - forged from a single piece of high quality steel with low carbon ➢ Laminated Crane Hook - complex, and are comprised of several steel plates riveted together ➢ Closed Crane Hooks - offer the highest possible safety measures ➢ Semi-Closed Crane Hooks - simpler to attach and dismount than closed hooks.
Fig.1.Single crane hook Fig.2.double crane hook
FORMULAE AREA = ½(Bi+Bo)*H
Forged hook hook Fig.3 Fig.5
Laminated hook
Closed hook Fig.4 Fig.6
Semi closed
LITERATURE REVIEW S.NO.
Title
Author
Finding
1.
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF EOT CRANE HOOK FOR VARIOUS CROSS SECTIONS
Prof. Santosh
The trapezoidal cross section gives better results in comparison with other two cross sections as because stresses induced are less in trapezoidal cross section.
2.
Design and Optimization of the Geometric Properties of a Crane Hook
Niranjan Desai
as the h value of a trapezoidal hook increases, the minimum weight of the hook decreases at a decreasing rate.
3.
Design, Structural Analysis and Optimization of Crane Hook
Dr.K.K.Dhande
If the area on the inner side of the hook at the portion of max stress is widened then the stresses will get reduced.
HOOKS OF DIFFERENT CROSS SECTION ❏ CIRCULAR ❏ SQUARE ❏ TRAPEZOIDAL
DIMENSIONS OF HOOK SECTIONS S.No
section
Area (mm2)
Rn (mm)
R (mm)
Ri (mm)
Ro (mm)
1.
Trapezium
6703.08
107.98
117.71
65.5
187.33
2.
Square
6703.08
108.25
116
65.5
166.5
3.
Circle
6703.08
106.95
112
65.5
158.5
Rn=Distance of neutral axis from axis of curvature R= Distance of CG from axis of curvature. Ri=Inner radius of cross section Ro=Outer radius of cross section
STRESSES IN HOOKS OF DIFFERENT CROSS SECTION Stess in MPa
Loads
Trapezoidal
Rectangle
Circle
90 KN
103.55
218.88
217.18
110 KN
126.57
267.52
265.44
125 KN
143.82
304
301.64
PROPERTIES OF MATERIAL Material used is Forged Steel of grade AISI 4140 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
VALUES
UNIT
Elastic Modulus
2.05E+11
N/m^2
Poisson's ratio
0.285
N/A
Shear Modulus
8.00E+10
N/m^2
Density
7850
Kg/m^3
Tensile Strength
560000000
N/m^2
Yield Strength
460000000
N/m^2
Thermal Conductivity
42.7
W/(m·K)
Specific Heat
477
J/(kg·K)
TYPES ➢ Single Crane Hook - deals with loads of up to 75 tons ➢ Double Crane Hooks - suitable for heavier loads of over 75 tons. ➢ Forging Crane Hooks - forged from a single piece of high quality steel with low carbon ➢ Laminated Crane Hook - complex, and are comprised of several steel plates riveted together ➢ Closed Crane Hooks - offer the highest possible safety measures ➢ Semi-Closed Crane Hooks - simpler to attach and dismount than closed hooks.
Fig.1.Single crane hook Fig.2.double crane hook
FORMULAE AREA = ½(Bi+Bo)*H
Forged hook hook Fig.3 Fig.5
Laminated hook
Closed hook Fig.4 Fig.6
Semi closed
LITERATURE REVIEW S.NO.
Title
Author
Finding
1.
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF EOT CRANE HOOK FOR VARIOUS CROSS SECTIONS
Prof. Santosh
The trapezoidal cross section gives better results in comparison with other two cross sections as because stresses induced are less in trapezoidal cross section.
2.
Design and Optimization of the Geometric Properties of a Crane Hook
Niranjan Desai
as the h value of a trapezoidal hook increases, the minimum weight of the hook decreases at a decreasing rate.
3.
Design, Structural Analysis and Optimization of Crane Hook
Dr.K.K.Dhande
If the area on the inner side of the hook at the portion of max stress is widened then the stresses will get reduced.
HOOKS OF DIFFERENT CROSS SECTION ❏ CIRCULAR ❏ SQUARE ❏ TRAPEZOIDAL
DIMENSIONS OF HOOK SECTIONS S.No
section
Area (mm2)
Rn (mm)
R (mm)
Ri (mm)
Ro (mm)
1.
Trapezium
6703.08
107.98
117.71
65.5
187.33
2.
Square
6703.08
108.25
116
65.5
166.5
3.
Circle
6703.08
106.95
112
65.5
158.5
Rn=Distance of neutral axis from axis of curvature R= Distance of CG from axis of curvature. Ri=Inner radius of cross section Ro=Outer radius of cross section
STRESSES IN HOOKS OF DIFFERENT CROSS SECTION Stess in MPa
Loads
Trapezoidal
Rectangle
Circle
90 KN
103.55
218.88
217.18
110 KN
126.57
267.52
265.44
125 KN
143.82
304
301.64
PROPERTIES OF MATERIAL Material used is Forged Steel of grade AISI 4140 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
VALUES
UNIT
Elastic Modulus
2.05E+11
N/m^2
Poisson's ratio
0.285
N/A
Shear Modulus
8.00E+10
N/m^2
Density
7850
Kg/m^3
Tensile Strength
560000000
N/m^2
Yield Strength
460000000
N/m^2
Thermal Conductivity
42.7
W/(m·K)
Specific Heat
477
J/(kg·K)
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