Seismic Refraction
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Seismic Refr action by Triadi Wirawan 10205052
outline
Definition How it works ? Data processing conclusion
Definition seismic wave seismic wave is a sound wave that propagates in the earth
Seismic refraction method The seismic refraction method utilizes the refraction of seismic waves on geologic layers and rock/soil units in order to characterize the subsurface geologic conditions and geologic structure.
How it works ? This method works well is the source of the wave form of the hammer / dynamite was raised on the surface of the earth, reflection and refraction of waves is captured by a series geophone is mounted horizontally which between the geophone and the other one associated with the take out cable. Of the geophone-geophone is then transmitted and recorded by a seismograph equipment which will display the results in the spreading wave of earth.
processing data from the seismograph
hammer
Geophone chapture refraction and reflection waves
Geophone trasmiting data to seismograph
Seismograph spreading waves in the earth
data Processing Kurva Jarak V/S Waktu
Waktu t (milisec)
200 150 100 50 0 0
100
200
300
Jarak sumber gelombang-geophone (m)
y = 0.5226x + 15.219
400
Geophone
Jarak (m)
Waktu (millisec)
0
0
0
1
108
70
2
116
75
3
124
80
4
132
84
5
140
90
6
148
95
7
156
100
8
164
102
9
172
108
10
180
115
11
188
122
12
196
126
13
204
128
14
212
132
15
220
134
16
228
137
17
236
140
18
244
144
19
252
145
20
260
147
21
268
150
22
276
152
23
284
155
24
292
158
Grafik Gelombang Langsung
travel time (millisec)
140 120
y = 0.6373x + 0.3474
100 80
Series1
60
Linear (Series1)
V wave = 1 / gradient
40 20 0 0
50
100
150
200
250
Jarak sumber ke geophone (m)
travel time (millisec)
Grafik Perpotongan Gelombang Langsung & Gelombang Bias
travel time (millisec)
Grafik Gelombang Bias
300 250 200
gelombang langsung
150
gelombang bias
100 50 0 0
180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0
100
200
300
400
500
jarak sumber ke geophone (m)
y = 0.3297x + 61.714 Series1 Linear (Series1)
0
100
200
300
jarak sumber ke geophone (m)
400
h1 = [(V1V2 )T] / 2√(V2.V2) –(V1.V1)
conclusion seismic refraction method is very effective used to determine the condition of the soil layer to the shallow depth. but sometimes a lot of distractions at the time of the field measurements that resulted in inaccurate data retrieval. measurement using this method can not be done on land which had been coated
outline
Definition How it works ? Data processing conclusion
Definition seismic wave seismic wave is a sound wave that propagates in the earth
Seismic refraction method The seismic refraction method utilizes the refraction of seismic waves on geologic layers and rock/soil units in order to characterize the subsurface geologic conditions and geologic structure.
How it works ? This method works well is the source of the wave form of the hammer / dynamite was raised on the surface of the earth, reflection and refraction of waves is captured by a series geophone is mounted horizontally which between the geophone and the other one associated with the take out cable. Of the geophone-geophone is then transmitted and recorded by a seismograph equipment which will display the results in the spreading wave of earth.
processing data from the seismograph
hammer
Geophone chapture refraction and reflection waves
Geophone trasmiting data to seismograph
Seismograph spreading waves in the earth
data Processing Kurva Jarak V/S Waktu
Waktu t (milisec)
200 150 100 50 0 0
100
200
300
Jarak sumber gelombang-geophone (m)
y = 0.5226x + 15.219
400
Geophone
Jarak (m)
Waktu (millisec)
0
0
0
1
108
70
2
116
75
3
124
80
4
132
84
5
140
90
6
148
95
7
156
100
8
164
102
9
172
108
10
180
115
11
188
122
12
196
126
13
204
128
14
212
132
15
220
134
16
228
137
17
236
140
18
244
144
19
252
145
20
260
147
21
268
150
22
276
152
23
284
155
24
292
158
Grafik Gelombang Langsung
travel time (millisec)
140 120
y = 0.6373x + 0.3474
100 80
Series1
60
Linear (Series1)
V wave = 1 / gradient
40 20 0 0
50
100
150
200
250
Jarak sumber ke geophone (m)
travel time (millisec)
Grafik Perpotongan Gelombang Langsung & Gelombang Bias
travel time (millisec)
Grafik Gelombang Bias
300 250 200
gelombang langsung
150
gelombang bias
100 50 0 0
180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0
100
200
300
400
500
jarak sumber ke geophone (m)
y = 0.3297x + 61.714 Series1 Linear (Series1)
0
100
200
300
jarak sumber ke geophone (m)
400
h1 = [(V1V2 )T] / 2√(V2.V2) –(V1.V1)
conclusion seismic refraction method is very effective used to determine the condition of the soil layer to the shallow depth. but sometimes a lot of distractions at the time of the field measurements that resulted in inaccurate data retrieval. measurement using this method can not be done on land which had been coated
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