Sdh Multiplexing

SDH MULTIPLEXING BY TX-I FACULTY ALTTC, GZB. ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

1

BASIC PHILOSOPHY • MULTIPLEXING IS REQUIRED TO TRANSMIT SO MANY INFORMATION ON THE SAME PATH. •

SO IN CASE OF SDH MULTIPLEXING TIME REMAINS THE SAME IN WHICH WE CAN TRANSMIT THE INFORMATION OF SO MANY CHANNELS BY WAY OF INTERLEAVING METHOD.

ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

2

DEFINITION OF DIFFERENT TERMINOLOGY • STM- IT IS THE FINAL INFORMATION STRUCTURE WHICH IS TO BE SUPERIMPOSED OVER THE LASER FOR TRANSMISSION TO DISTANT END. • IT IS THE SIGNAL WHICH IS AVAILABLE FOR TRANSMISSION WHEN ALL THE MUXING IS OVER. ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

3

PATH • PATH INDICATES THE LANE THROUGH WHICH THE INPUT SIGNAL IS ALLOWED TO PASS TO REACH UP TO HIGHER ORDER PATH OR TO SOME OTHER HIGHER LEVEL

ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

4

SECTION • SECTION

INDICATES

THAT

NOW

DATA

IS

PROCESSED COMPLETELY AND IS AVAILABLE FOR MODULATION OVER THE LASER • IN MOST OF THE CASES SOME OVERHEAD HOUSE KEEPING BITS ARE ALSO ADDED JUST BEFORE MODULATION ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

5

CONTAINER • AS THE NAME SUGGESTS IT IS A BOX OF FIXED SIZE WITH VERY LITTLE ELASTICITY • THIS

BOX

CAN

TAKE

VARIETY

OF

PDH

INPUTS( MAX=2). • CONTAINER IS THE FIRST ITEM IN THE CHAIN OF SDH MAPPING/MULTIPLEXING ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

6

VIRTUAL CONTAINER • IT IS THE SECOND ITEM IN THE CHAIN OF MULTIPLEXING • CONTAINER ADDED WITH SOME PATH OVERHEAD IS CALLED VIRTUAL CONTAINER • CONTAINER

AND

VIRTUAL

CONTAINER

ARE

CALLED PATH ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

7

PATH LEVEL • IF WE ARE STARTING THE MUX CHAIN FROM 2MB OR 1.5MB LEVEL THEN WE ARE FOLLOWING THE LOWER ORDER PATH. • IF WE ARE STARTING THE MUX CHAIN FROM 34 OR 140 MB LEVEL THEN WE ARE AT THE HIGHER ORDER PATH.

ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

8

PA

TU VC

TH

C

FIRST THREE STAGES OF MULTIPLEXING ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

9

TRIBUTARY UNIT • TRIBUTARY UNIT IS AN AGENT THAT PROVIDES ADAPTATION OR HANDSHAKE BETWEEN HIGHER ORDER PATH AND LOWER ORDER PATH

ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

10

VIRTUAL CONTAINER

CONTAINER

TRIBUTARY UNIT POINTER

ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

11

ADMINISTRATIVE UNIT • ADMINISTRATIVE UNIT PROVIDES ADAPTATION OR HANDSHAKE

BETWEEN

FINAL

FRAME

LAYER(SECTION LAYER) AND HIGHER ORDER PATH LAYER

ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

12

POINTER • AS THE NAME INFERS, POINTER POINTS TO THE START OF THE FRAME WHEN COMPARED TO OMNIPRESENT SYCHRONOUS CLOCK • VALUE OF THE POINTER INDICATES THE ACTUAL OFFSET

ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

13

SDH MAPPING • SDH MAPPING IS THE PROCESS BY WHICH INPUT DATA IS FILLED IN THE FIRST BOX ,THAT IS, CONTAINER. • DATA MAY NOT BE OF THE IDEAL SIZE TO GET ADJUSTED IN THE BOX BUT VARIATIONS SHOULD NOT EXCEED THE ELASTIC LIMIT OF THE BOX

ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

14

SDH MULTIPLEXING • PROCESS OF ADAPTAION OF LOWER ORDER PATH IN TO HIGHER ORDER PATH IS CALLED MULTIPLEXING. • PROCESS OF ADAPTAION OF HIGHER ORDER PATH IN TO SECTION LAYER IS ALSO CALLED MULTIPLEXING.

ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

15

SDH ALIGNING • ALIGNING IN SDH IS CALLED THE ALIGNING OF THE LOCAL FRAME OF SDH WITH THE GLOBAL CLOCK FLOWING IN THE RING. • ALIGNING TAKES PLACE AT THE ADMINISTRATIVE UNIT

ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

16

SDH RATES • STM-1

= 155.520 MB/S

• STM-4

= 622.080 MB/S

• STM-16 = 2488.32 MB/S • STM-64 = 9953.28 MB/S

ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

17

SDH BIT RATE CALCULATION NO OF ROWS IN FRAME: 9 NO OF COLUMNS: 270 NO OF BYTES IN FRAME: 270*9 NO OF BITS IN A FRAME: 270*9*8 FRAME DURATION: 125us NO OF BITS TRANSMITTED IN ONE SECOND: 270*9*8*1000000 -------------------------125 =155.520Mb/S ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

18

FINAL SDH FRAME OVERHEAD

1

9

270

RSOH POINTER

3 4

PAY LOAD MSOH

9

ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

19

MAPPING OF PDH 140 Mbs 140MB/S

C4 C4

POH

+

ALTTC

C4 C4

TX-I/SDH/MUX

=

VC4 VC4

20

MAPPING OF PDH 140 Mbs

POINTER

ALTTC

+

VC4 VC4

VC4 VC4

TX-I/SDH/MUX

AU-4

21

MAPPING OF PDH 140 Mbs FLOATING PAYLOAD

VC4 VC4

AU-4 FIXED PAYLOAD

VC4 VC4 ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

AUG 22

MAPPING OF PDH 140 Mbs RSOH RSOH

+

MSOH MSOH

VC4 VC4

AUG

VC4 VC4

STM-I

RSOH RSOH

= ALTTC

MSOH MSOH TX-I/SDH/MUX

23

MAPPING OF PDH 34 Mbs C3 34MB/S

+ C3 ALTTC

POH TX-I/SDH/MUX

VC3 24

MAPPING OF PDH 34 Mbs VC3

TU3 +

=

POINTER

ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

25

MAPPING OF PDH 34 Mbs TUG3

TU3 AFTER ALIGNMENT =

ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

26

MAPPING OF PDH 34 Mbs TUG3

TUG3

TUG3

VC-4 ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

27

MAPPING OF PDH 34 Mbs

POINTER

ALTTC

+

VC4 VC4

VC4 VC4

TX-I/SDH/MUX

AU-4

28

MAPPING OF PDH 34 Mbs

VC4 VC4

AU-4 FIXED PAYLOAD

VC4 VC4 ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

AUG 29

MAPPING OF PDH 34 Mbs RSOH RSOH

VC4 VC4

+

MSOH MSOH

AUG

RSOH RSOH

= ALTTC

MSOH MSOH TX-I/SDH/MUX

VC4 VC4 30

MAPPING OF PDH 2 Mbs VC12 C1

2MB

PATH OVER HEAD ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

31

MAPPING OF PDH 2 Mbs POINTER

TU12

VC12

+

ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

32

MAPPING OF PDH 2 Mbs TU12

TU12

TU12

TUG 2 ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

33

MAPPING OF PDH 2 Mbs C12 VC12

POH POINTER

TU12 TU12

TU12

ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

TU12

TUG2

TU12

34

MAPPING OF PDH 2 Mbs 1

2

7

3

TUG2 TUG2 TUG2

N P I

ALTTC

N P I

TUG2

TUG3 TX-I/SDH/MUX

35

MAPPING OF PDH 2 Mbs TUG3

TUG3

TUG3

VC-4 ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

36

MAPPING OF PDH 2 Mbs

POINTER

ALTTC

+

VC4 VC4

VC4 VC4

TX-I/SDH/MUX

AU-4

37

MAPPING OF PDH 2 Mbs

VC4 VC4

AU-4 FIXED PAYLOAD

VC4 VC4 ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

AUG 38

MAPPING OF PDH 2 Mbs RSOH RSOH

+

MSOH MSOH

VC4 VC4

AUG

VC4 VC4

STM-I

RSOH RSOH

= ALTTC

MSOH MSOH TX-I/SDH/MUX

39

MAPPING OF PDH 2 Mbs

TUG3

ALTTC

TUG3

TX-I/SDH/MUX

TUG3

40

MAPPING OF PDH 2 Mbs

ALTTC

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

TX-I/SDH/MUX

41

MAPPING OF PDH 2 Mbs TU12

ALTTC

TU12

TU12 TU12

TU12

TU12

TU12 TU12

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

TUG2

PAYLOAD

TX-I/SDH/MUX

TU12

42

SDH-MAPPING • MAPPING IS THE PROCESS THROUGH WHICH PDH TRIBUTARY IS ALLOWED TO BE ADAPTED IN THE CONTAINER •

FOR THREE DIFFERENT TRIBUTARY THERE ARE THREE DIFFERENT CONTAINERS

ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

43

MAPPING OF 139.264Kb/S • THIS SIGNAL, E4 WILL GO TO C-4, C-4 HAS 9 ROWS AND 260 COLUMNS IN 125 MICROSECONDS • ONE ROW IS BIFURCATED IN TO 20 BLOCKS OF 13 BYTES • ONE BLOCK IS IN THE FORM OF ONE BYTE IN THE FORM OF W/X/Y/Z BYTE FOLLOWED BY 12 BYTES OF DATA

ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

44

G.709 MAPPING GRAPH

=DATA

=W =X =Y =Z

W =D1..D8, Y=R1..R8, X = CR1..R7, Z = D1..D6SR ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

45

PERMISSIBLE OFFSET CALCULATION

• TOTAL NUMBER OF INFORMATION BITS IN ONE ROW = 1934 BITS • JUSTIFICATION BITS = 5 • OPPORTUNITYBITS = 1 • STUFF B ITS = 140 ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

46

MAPPING OF E3 IN C3 • C-3 IS 9 ROWS BY 84 COLUMNS IN 125 MICROSECONDS • THIS PAYLOAD IS DIVIDED IN TO THREE • SUBFRAMES • EACH SUBFRAME IS DIVIDED IN THREE ROWS • EACH ROW IS DIVIDED IN TO 16 BLOCKS OF 4 BYTES AND 4 BLOCKS OF 5 BYTES ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

47

FIRST ROW X Z X

X X B

X

X

X

X

Y X

A

X X

X X

X X

R= ALL FIXED STUFF C= 6 FIXED STUFF BITS +2 CBITS Z=RC+24BITS

X = R+24BITS Y = RR+24BITS

ALTTC

X

TX-I/SDH/MUX

A=RR + 24BITS B=RC +24BITS 48

SECOND ROW X Z X

X X B

X

X

X

X

Y X

A

X X

X X

X X

R= ALL FIXED STUFF C= 6 FIXED STUFF BITS +2 CBITS Z=RC+24BITS

X = R+24BITS Y = RR+24BITS

ALTTC

X

TX-I/SDH/MUX

A=RR + 24BITS B=RC +24BITS 49

THIRD ROW X

X

Z

X

X

B1

X

X

X

X

Y X

A

X X

X X

X X

a+b = 7 R BITS + 7 D BITS + 2 S BITS Z=RC+24BITS

X =R+24BITS Y = RR+24BITS

ALTTC

X

TX-I/SDH/MUX

A=RR+ 24BITS B1=RR +a + b+8BITS 50

PERMISSIBLE OFFSET CALCULATION

• TOTAL NUMBER OF DATA BITS IN SUBFRAME =1431 • JUSTIFICATION BITS = 10 • OPPORTUNITY BITS = 2 • FIXED STUFF BITS = 573

ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

51

MAPPING OF E1 IN TO C12 • C12 IS 136 BYTES IN 500 MICROSECOND • IT IS ONLY IN THE CASE OF E1 THAT THE FRAMEDURATION IS FOUR FOLD ELSE IT IS 125 MICROSECOND TO MAKE THE THINGS CLEAR IT IS CALLED MULTIFRAME

ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

52

C12 CONFIGURATION

C1 C1 C1 C2 S2 R8 32 BYTES R8 C2 32BYTES R8C2 32BYTES R8 31BYTER8 R5 D7 R6 R6 S1

500 MICROSECONDS ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

53

PERMISSIBLE OFFSET CALCULATION • TOTAL NUMBER OF INFORMATION BITS =1023 • JUSTIFICATION BITS=6 • OPPORTUNITY BITS=2 • FIXED STUFF BITS =57 • IN 500 MICROSECONDS

ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

54

DESCRIPTION OF OVERHEADS BYTES A1 B1 D1

A1

B2 D4

B2

A1

A2 E1 D2

A2 POINTER

B2

K1 D5 D8 D11

A2

J0 F1 D2 K2 D6 D9 D12

D7 D10 S1 M1 E2 RSOH: ROWS 1-3 MSOH: ROWS 5-9 BYTES LOCATION FOR STM-N: IDENTIFIED BY S(a,b,c); a=row; b=column; c=depth. ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

55

DESSCRIPTION OF SECTION OVERHEADS BYTES A1 & A2

FRAMING BYTES; A1=11110110, A2=00101000

J0 &Z0

J0 at S(1,7,1) USED AS SECTION ACCESS POINT IDENTIFIER USING A 16-BYTE FRAME. Z0 at S(1,7,2) - S(1,7,N) RESERVED FOR FUTURE USE

B1

BIP-8; FOR REGN. SECTION ERROR MONITORING

E1

ORDERWIRE IN REGN. SECTION

F1

USER CHANNEL TO PROVIDE DATA/VOICE CONNECTION FOR MTCE PURPOSES.

D1-D3

DCC FOR REGN. SECTION (192 kbps)

ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

56

Thank you.

ALTTC

TX-I/SDH/MUX

57