Sd2

  • November 2019
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‫ﺟﻠﺴﻪ‪2 :‬‬

‫‪١‬‬

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‫ﻣﯿﺮאﺙ ﺣﺪﯾﺜﯽ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﺯﻫﺮא )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ(‬ ‫ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ‬

‫אﻫﺪאﻑ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﺣﺪﯾﺜﯽ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﯿﻮﻩﻫﺎی ﻧﺸﺮ ﺣﺪﯾﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺮאﺙ ﺣﺪﯾﺜﯽ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ(‬

‫אﻟﻒ( ﺭﻭאﯾﺎﺗﯽ ﻛﻪ אﺯ ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺒﺮ )ﺻﻠﯽ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ ﻭ ﺁﻟﻪ( ﻧﻘﻞ ﻛﺮﺩﻩאﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺏ( ﺳﺨﻨﺎﻥ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﯽ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ(‬ ‫‪١‬ـ ﺧﻄﺒﻪﻫﺎ‬ ‫אﻟﻒ( ﺧﻄﺒﮥ ﻓﺪﻛﯿﻪ‬ ‫ﺏ( ﺧﻄﺒﻪאی ﺩﺭ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺝ( ﺧﻄﺒﻪאی ﺑﺮאی ﻏﺎﺻﺒﯿﻦ‬ ‫‪٢‬ـ ﺭﻭאﯾﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪٣‬ـ אﺩﻋﯿﻪ‬ ‫ﺝ( ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ(‬ ‫ﻭﯾﮋﮔﯿﻬﺎی ﻣﺼﺤﻒ‬ ‫אﻟﻒ( ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﯽ ﺗﺪﻭﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺏ( ﻣﺤﺘﻮאی ﻣﺼﺤﻒ‬ ‫‪١‬ـ ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎﻩ ﭘﺪﺭ ﻭ ﺁﯾﻨﺪۀ ﻓﺮﺯﻧﺪאﻥ‬ ‫‪٢‬ـ ﺭﻭﯾﺪאﺩﻫﺎﯾﯽ אﺯ ﺁﯾﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫‪٣‬ـ ﯾﺎﺩ ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺒﺮאﻥ ﻭ אﻭﺻﯿﺎ‬ ‫‪٤‬ـ ﯾﺎﺩﻛﺮﺩ ﺣﺎﻛﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫‪٥‬ـ ﻭﺻﯿﺖ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ(‬ ‫ﺝ( ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪאی אﺯ אﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﻏﯿﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﺩ( ﻭﺩﯾﻌﮥ אﻣﺎﻣﺖ‬ ‫ﻫ( ﺣﺠﻢ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ‬ ‫ﺩ( ﺳﯿﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﮔﺮﺩאﻥ )ﺭאﻭﯾﺎﻥ(‬ ‫ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻭ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﯿﻤﮥ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﯽ ﺷﻤﺎﺭۀ ‪١‬‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺏﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ אﺣﺎﺩﯾﺚ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ(‬ ‫ﺿﻤﯿﻤﮥ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﯽ ﺷﻤﺎﺭۀ ‪٢‬‬ ‫ﺿﻤﯿﻤﮥ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﯽ ﺷﻤﺎﺭۀ ‪٣‬‬ ‫ﺿﻤﯿﻤﮥ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﯽ ﺷﻤﺎﺭۀ ‪٤‬‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﻭ ﻗﺮﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﯿﻤﮥ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﯽ ﺷﻤﺎﺭۀ ‪٥‬‬ ‫‪٣‬‬

‫אﻫﺪאﻑ ﺩﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﺁﺷﻨﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺎ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ 3‬ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺖ ﺣﺪﯾﺜﯽ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ(‬ ‫‪ 3‬ﻣﯿﺮאﺙ ﺣﺪﯾﺜﯽ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ(‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺖ ﻭﯾﮋۀ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﮥ ﺯﻫﺮא )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﻭ ﭘﺮﻭﺭﺵ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺩאﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﺗﺮﯾﻦِ ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻗـﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻫﻤـﺴﺮی אﻣـﺎﻡ ﻋﻠـﯽ )ﻋﻠﯿـﻪ‬ ‫אﻟﺴﻼﻡ( ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﮔﺸﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﻧﺎﺏ ﺷﺮﯾﻌﺖ ﺭא אﺯ ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺒﺮ )ﺻﻠﯽ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ ﻭ ﺁﻟﻪ( ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﮥ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻤﺎً אﺯ ﺟﺒﺮﺋﯿﻞ ﻓـﺮא ﮔﺮﻓﺘـﻪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎﻫﯽ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪﯾﺚ ﺑﯿﺎﺑﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﻬﺎی ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺒﺮ )ﺻﻠﯽ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ ﻭ ﺁﻟﻪ( ﮐﻪ »ﻓﺎﻃﻤـﻪ )ﺳـﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬـﺎ(‪ ،‬ﺳـﯿﺪﺓ ﻧـﺴﺎﺀ אﻟﻌـﺎﻟﻤﯿﻦ‬ ‫אﺳﺖ‪ ١«.‬ﻭ ﯾﺎ אﯾﻦ ﺳﺨﻦ ﮐﻪ »אﮔﺮ ﺧﺪאﻭﻧﺪ ﻋﻠﯽ ﺭא ﻧﯿﺎﻓﺮﯾﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭی ﺯﻣﯿﻦ ﺑﺮאی ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ ﻫﻤﺘﺎﯾﯽ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ‪ ٢،«.‬ﺑـﻪ אﯾـﻦ ﺟﺎﯾﮕـﺎﻩ ﻭﯾـﮋﻩ‬ ‫‪٣‬‬

‫אﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺩאﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻟﻘﺐ ﻣﺤﺪﺛﻪ ﺑﺮאی ﺑﺎﻧﻮی אﻭﻝ ﺧﻠﻘﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑُﻌﺪ ﺩﯾﮕﺮی אﺯ ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺖ אﯾﺸﺎﻥ ﺭא ﺑﺎﺯﮔﻮ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ؛ ﭼﻨﺎﻥﮐـﻪ אﻣـﺎﻡ ﺻـﺎﺩﻕ‬ ‫)ﻋﻠﯿﻪ אﻟﺴﻼﻡ( ﻓﺮﻣﻮﺩﻩאﻧﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫»ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﺭא אﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻣﺤﺪّﺛﻪ ﻧﺎﻣﯿﺪﻧﺪ ﮐـﻪ ﻓﺮﺷـﺘﮕﺎﻥ אﺯ ﺁﺳـﻤﺎﻥ ﻓـﺮﻭﺩ ﻣـﯽﺁﻣﺪﻧـﺪ ﻭ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﺭא ﻣﯽﺧﻮאﻧﺪﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﺎﻥﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺮﯾﻢ ﺩﺧﺘﺮ ﻋﻤﺮאﻥ ﺭא ﻣﯽﺧﻮאﻧﺪﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﭘﺲ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺳﺨﻦ ﻣﯽﮔﻔﺖ‬ ‫‪٤‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺮאی אﯾﺸﺎﻥ ﺣﺪﯾﺚ ﻭ ﺳﺨﻦ ﻣﯽﮔﻔﺘﻨﺪ‪«.‬‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﺣﺪﯾﺜﯽ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭאﻥ ﮐﻮﺗﺎﻩ )ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ ٩٥‬ﺭﻭﺯ( ﺯﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﭘﺲ אﺯ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺧﺪא )ﺻﻠﯽ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ ﻭ ﺁﻟﻪ( ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺣـﻮאﺩﺙ ﺁﻥ ﺯﻣـﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺷـﺮאﯾﻂ ﺳﯿﺎﺳـﯽ ﻭ‬ ‫אﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺳﺨﻨﺎﻥ ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺒﺮ )ﺻﻠﯽ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ ﻭ ﺁﻟﻪ( ﺑﺮאی ﺗﻮﺩۀ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮאﻫﻢ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦﮐﻪ אﺳﺘﻘﺒﺎﻝ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ אﺯ אﯾﻦ אﻣـﺮ ﻧﯿـﺰ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪאﻥ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ אﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ‪ .‬אﺯ אﯾﻦ ﺭﻭ ﺻﺤﺎﺑﮥ ﭘُﺮﺭﻭאﯾﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً אﺯ ﮔﺮﻭﻫﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺳﺎﻟﯿﺎﻥ ﺩﺭאﺯی ﭘﺲ אﺯ ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺒﺮ )ﺻـﻠﯽ אﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﯿﻪ ﻭ ﺁﻟﻪ( ﺯﯾﺴﺘﻪאﻧﺪ ﻭ אﺷﺘﯿﺎﻕ ﻧﺴﻞ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻭ ﺳﻮﻡ ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺎﻧﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﯾﺎﺩﮔﯿﺮی אﺣﺎﺩﯾﺚ ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺒﺮ )ﺻﻠﯽ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ ﻭ ﺁﻟﻪ( ﺭא ﺩﺭک ﮐﺮﺩﻩאﻧﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﯿﻮﻩﻫﺎی ﻧﺸﺮ ﺣﺪﯾﺚ‬ ‫ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻗﺮאﺑﺖ ﻭ אﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﻧﺰﺩﯾﮏ ﻭ ﺻﻤﯿﻤﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺒﺮ )ﺻﻠﯽ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ ﻭ ﺁﻟﻪ(‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻣﺮאﺟﻌﮥ ﺑﺴﯿﺎﺭی אﺯ ﺯﻧﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﻮﺩ ﮐـﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﯾﺎﺩﮔﯿﺮی ﺳﺨﻨﺎﻥ ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺒﺮ )ﺻﻠﯽ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ ﻭ ﺁﻟﻪ( אﺷﺘﯿﺎﻕ ﺩאﺷﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬אﯾﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﺎﻟﺲ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯽ ﺑـﻪ ﻧﻘـﻞ ﺳـﺨﻨﺎﻥ ﻭ אﻓﻌـﺎﻝ ﭘﯿـﺎﻣﺒﺮ‬ ‫)ﺻﻠﯽ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ ﻭ ﺁﻟﻪ( ﭘﺮﺩאﺧﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﻩﻫﺎی ﻧﺒﻮی ﺭא ﺑﺎﺯﮔﻮ ﻣﯽﮐﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺴﯿﺎﺭی אﺯ ﺭﻭאﯾﺎﺕ ﺣـﻀﺮﺕ ﺯﻫـﺮא )ﺳـﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬـﺎ( אﺯ אﯾـﻦ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻭﻩ אﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺩﻭﻡ אﺯ אﺣﺎﺩﯾﺚ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﺯﻫﺮא )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ(‪ ،‬ﺳﺨﻨﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ אﯾﺸﺎﻥ אﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻤﺎً ﺑـﻪ ﭘﯿـﺎﻣﺒﺮ )ﺻـﻠﯽ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿـﻪ ﻭ ﺁﻟـﻪ(‬ ‫אﻧﺘﺴﺎﺏ ﻧﺪאﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺧﯽ אﺯ אﯾﻦ אﺣﺎﺩﯾﺚ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﺎﻟﺲ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯽ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﺩﯾﮕﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮאﻥ ﺧﻄﺒﻪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻸ ﻋﺎﻡ ﺑﯿﺎﻥ ﺷﺪﻩאﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺧﻄﺒﮥ ﻣـﺸﻬﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﺪﮐﯿـﻪ ـ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺁﯾﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﯽ ﻗﺮאﺭ ﺧﻮאﻫﺪ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ـ אﺯ אﯾﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ אﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺳﻮﻡ אﺣﺎﺩﯾﺚ ﺣـﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤـﻪ )ﺳـﻼﻡ אﷲ‬ ‫‪ .١‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻠﯽ ﺑﻦ אﻟﺤﺴﯿﻦ ﺑﻦ ﺑﺎﺑﻮﯾﻪ אﻟﻘﻤّﯽ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺑﻪ ﺷﯿﺦ ﺻﺪﻭﻕ‪ ،‬ﮐﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﻦ ﻻ ﯾﺤﻀﺮﻩ אﻟﻔﻘﯿﻪ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻋﻠـﯽ אﮐﺒـﺮ ﻏﻔـﺎﺭی‪ ،‬ﻗـﻢ‪ ,‬ﻣﺆﺳّـﺴﺔ אﻟﻨـﺸﺮ‬ ‫אﻻﺳﻼﻣﯽ‪ ،‬ﺝ ‪ ،٤‬ﺹ ‪ ،١٧٩‬ﺡ ‪.٥٤٠٤‬‬ ‫‪» .٢‬ﻟَﻮ ﻻ ﻋَﻠﯽﱞ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎ ﮐﺎﻥَ ﻟَﻬﺎ ﮐﻔﻮٌ‪«.‬؛ אﺑﻮﺟﻌﻔﺮ ﺛﻘﺔ אﻻﺳﻼﻡ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﯾﻌﻘﻮﺏ ﺑﻦ אﺳﺤﺎﻕ אﻟﮑﻠﯿﻨﯽ אﻟﺮאﺯی‪ ،‬אﻟﮑﺎﻓﯽ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﻘﯿـﻖ ﻋﻠـﯽ אﮐﺒـﺮ ﻏﻔـﺎﺭی‪ ،‬ﺗﻬـﺮאﻥ‪ ,‬ﺩאﺭ‬ ‫אﻟﮑﺘﺐ אﻻﺳﻼﻣﯿﻪ‪ ١٣٨٩ ،‬ﻫ‪ ،‬ﭼﺎپ ﺩﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ ‪ ،١‬ﺹ ‪ ،٤٦١‬ﺡ ‪.١٠‬‬ ‫‪ .٣‬ﺭ‪.‬ک‪ :‬ﺿﻤﯿﻤﮥ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﯽ ﺷﻤﺎﺭۀ ‪.٥‬‬ ‫‪ .٤‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻠﯽ ﺑﻦ אﻟﺤﺴﯿﻦ ﺑﻦ ﺑﺎﺑﻮﯾﺔ אﻟﻘﻤّﯽ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺑﻪ ﺷﯿﺦ ﺻﺪﻭﻕ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻞ אﻟﺸﺮאﺋﻊ‪ ،‬ﺑﯿﺮﻭﺕ‪ ,‬ﺩאﺭ אﺣﯿﺎﺀ אﻟﺘﺮאﺙ‪ ١٤٠٨ ،‬ﻫ‪ ،‬ﭼﺎپ אﻭﻝ‪ ،‬ﺝ ‪ ،١‬ﺹ ‪.٢١٦‬‬ ‫‪٤‬‬

‫ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ(‪ ،‬ﻧﮕﺎﺷﺘﻪﻫﺎی ﺣﺪﯾﺜﯽ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ אﯾﺸﺎﻥ אﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ אﺯ ﻃﺮﯾﻖ אﻫﻞ ﺑﯿﺖ ﺑﺮאی ﺁﯾﻨـﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺣﻔـﻆ ﺷـﺪﻩ אﺳـﺖ‪ .‬ﻇـﺎﻫﺮאً‬ ‫אﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﺑﯿﺎﻥ ﻋﺎﻡ ﻭ ﻓﺮאﮔﯿﺮ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺒﺐ ﻏﻨﺎی ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﻭ ﺩﺭک ﮐﻢ ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺒﯿﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪאﺷﺘﻪ אﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺿﯿﺤﺎﺕ ﭘﯿﺶﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﯽﺗﻮאﻥ אﺩﻋﺎ ﮐﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﺑﯿـﺸﺘﺮ אﺯ ﻣﺠـﺎﻟﺲ ﺧـﺼﻮﺻﯽ ﺑـﺎﻧﻮאﻥ ﺑـﺮאی ﻧـﺸﺮ‬ ‫ﺁﻣﻮﺯﻩﻫﺎی ﺣﺪﯾﺜﯽ אﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﯽﮐﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮאﺭﺩ ﺧﺎﺻﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ אﻟﻘﺎی ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺵ אﯾﺮאﺩ ﺧﻄﺒﮥ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ אﺳـﺖ‪ .‬ﻣـﺼﺤﻒ ﺣـﻀﺮﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﻧﯿﺰ אﺯ ﻃﺮﯾﻖ אﻫﻞ ﺑﯿﺖ ﺣﻔﻆ ﺷﺪﻩ אﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

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‫ﻣﯿﺮאﺙ ﺣﺪﯾﺜﯽ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ(‬ ‫אﺣﺎﺩﯾﺚ ﺑﺎﻗﯽﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩ אﺯ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﺩﺭ ﭼﻬﺎﺭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ אﺻﻠﯽ ﺟﺎی ﻣﯽﮔﯿﺮﻧﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫אﻟﻒ( ﺭﻭאﯾﺎﺗﯽ ﮐﻪ אﺯ ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺒﺮ )ﺻﻠﯽ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ ﻭ ﺁﻟﻪ( ﻧﻘﻞ ﮐﺮﺩﻩאﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮאﻥ ﻧﺰﺩﯾﮏﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻓﺮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺒﯽ ﻣﮑﺮﻡ אﺳﻼﻡ )ﺻـﻠﯽ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿـﻪ ﻭ ﺁﻟـﻪ(‪ ،‬ﻃﺒﯿﻌـﯽ אﺳـﺖ ﮐـﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﻭ ﺣﮑﺎﯾﺎﺕ אﺭﺯﺷﻤﻨﺪ ﺯﯾﺎﺩی אﺯ אﯾﺸﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻃﺮ ﺩאﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬אﻣﺎ ﻋﻤﺮ ﮐﻮﺗﺎﻩ ﺁﻥ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﭘﺲ אﺯ ﭘﺪﺭ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﻮאﺭﺷﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺳﺒﺐ ﺷﺪ ﮐـﻪ‬ ‫אﻣﺖ אﺳﻼﻡ אﺯ ﺷﻨﯿﺪﻥ ﺁﻥ ﻣﯿﺮאﺙ ﻋﻈﯿﻢ ﻣﺤﺮﻭﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﺯﻫﺮא )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﺑﺎ ﺫﮐﺮ ﻓﺮﻣﻮﺩﻩﻫﺎی ﭘﺪﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﺎﻣﻊ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻭ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺆאﻻﺕ ﺑﺎﻧﻮאﻥ ﻣﺪﯾﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺗﺮﻭﯾﺞ ﻓﺮﻫﻨـﮓ‬ ‫ﺣﺪﯾﺜﯽ ﺁﻥ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﺳﻬﯿﻢ ﻭ ﺷﺮﯾﮏ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬אﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﺁﻥ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ אﺣﺎﺩﯾـﺚ ﭘﯿـﺎﻣﺒﺮ )ﺻـﻠﯽ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿـﻪ ﻭ ﺁﻟـﻪ(‪ ،‬אﺯ ﮔﺰאﺭﺷـﻬﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ אﯾﻦ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺗﺎﺭﯾﺨﯽ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﻣﯽﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺼﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﺭﺳﯿﺪ ﻭ ﻋﺮﺽ ﮐﺮﺩ‪ :‬אی ﺩﺧﺘﺮ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺧﺪא‪ ،‬ﺁﯾﺎ ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺒﺮ אﺳـﻼﻡ‬ ‫)ﺻﻠﯽ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ ﻭ ﺁﻟﻪ( ﯾﺎﺩﮔﺎﺭی ﻧﺰﺩ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺩאﺭﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮאﻥ ﻫﺪﯾﻪ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻔﻪ ﺑـﻪ ﻣـﺎ ﻋﻨﺎﯾـﺖ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﯾﯿـﺪ؟ ﻓﺎﻃﻤـﻪ‬ ‫)ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﺑﻪ ﮐﻨﯿﺰﮐﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻀﻮﺭﺵ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻓﺮﻣﻮﺩ‪ :‬ﺁﻥ ﭘﺎﺭﭼﮥ אﺑﺮﯾﺸﻤﯽ ﺭא ﺑﯿﺎﻭﺭ‪ .‬ﮐﻨﯿﺰک ﺑﻪ ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮی‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﭘﺮﺩאﺧﺖ ﻭﻟﯽ ﺁﻥ ﺭא ﻧﯿﺎﻓﺖ‪ .‬ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﺑﺴﯿﺎﺭ ﻧﺎﺭאﺣﺖ ﺷﺪ ﻭ ﻓﺮﻣﻮﺩ‪ :‬ﻭאی ﺑﺮ ﺗﻮ! ﺳﻌﯽ ﮐﻦ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺭא ﭘﯿﺪא ﮐﻨﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺰﻟﮥ ﺣﺴﻦ ﻭ ﺣﺴﯿﻦ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﮐﻨﯿﺰک ﭘﺲ אﺯ ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮ‪ ،‬ﺁﻥ ﺭא ﭘﯿﺪא ﮐﺮﺩ؛ ﭘﺎﺭﭼﻪאی ﺑﻮﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻏﻼﻑ ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺻﯽ ﻗﺮאﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺑـﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ‪» :‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻧﺒﯽ )ﺻﻠﯽ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ ﻭ ﺁﻟﻪ( ﻓﺮﻣـﻮﺩ‪ :‬ﻓـﺮﺩی ﮐـﻪ ﻫﻤـﺴﺎﯾﮕﺎﻥ אﺯ ﺁﺯאﺭ אﻭ ﺩﺭ אﻣـﺎﻥ‬ ‫‪٥‬‬ ‫ﻧﺒﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ ،‬אﺯ ﻣﺆﻣﻨﺎﻥ ﻧﯿﺴﺖ ‪«....‬‬ ‫ﯾﮑﯽ ﺩﯾﮕﺮ אﺯ אﺣﺎﺩﯾﺚ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ אﺯ אﯾﺸﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﭼﻨﯿﻦ אﺳﺖ‪ :‬אﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺑﻨﺖ ﻋﻤـﯿﺲ אﺯ ﺣـﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤـﻪ )ﺳـﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬـﺎ( ﻭ אﯾـﺸﺎﻥ אﺯ‬ ‫ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺧﺪא )ﺻﻠﯽ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ ﻭ ﺁﻟﻪ( ﻧﻘﻞ ﮐﺮﺩﻩ אﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻓﺮﻣﻮﺩ‪:‬‬ ‫»ﺷﺶ ﭼﯿﺰ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ ﺟﻮאﻧﻤﺮﺩی ﻭ אﻧﺴﺎﻧﯿﺖ אﺳﺖ؛ ﺳﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺣَﻀَﺮ ﻭ ﺳﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻔﺮ‪ .‬אﻣـﺎ ﺁﻥ ﺳـﻪ ﮐـﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺣـﻀﺮ‬ ‫אﺳﺖ‪١ :‬ـ ﺗﻼﻭﺕ ﮐﺘﺎﺏ ﺧﺪא؛ ‪٢‬ـ ﺁﺑﺎﺩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﺴﺎﺟﺪ؛ ‪٣‬ـ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻦ ﺩﻭﺳـﺘﺎﻧﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺭאﻩ ﺧﺪא‪ .‬אﻣﺎ ﺁﻥ ﺳﻪ ﭼﯿـﺰ ﮐـﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫‪٦‬‬ ‫ﺳﻔﺮ אﺳﺖ‪١ :‬ـ ﺑﺨﺸﺶ אﺯ ﺗﻮﺷﮥ ﺭאﻩ؛ ‪٢‬ـ אﺧﻼﻕ ﻧﯿﮑﻮ ﻭ ﭘﺴﻨﺪﯾﺪﻩ؛ ‪٣‬ـ ﺷﻮﺧﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻏﯿﺮ ﮔﻨﺎﻩ‪«.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﮐﻠﯽ‪ ،‬ﭘﺎﺭﻩאی אﺯ ﺭﻭאﯾﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻗﯽﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩ אﺯ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ(‪ ،‬אﺣﺎﺩﯾﺜﯽ אﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ אﯾﺸﺎﻥ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨـﻮאﻥ ﺭאﻭی אﺯ‬ ‫ﭘﺪﺭﺷﺎﻥ ﺑﺮאی ﻣﺎ ﺭﻭאﯾﺖ ﮐﺮﺩﻩאﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺒﯿﺮ ﺩﯾﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﻣﯽﺗﻮאﻥ אﯾﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﻪ אﺯ ﺭﻭאﯾﺎﺕ ﺭא ﮐـﻪ ﺑﻌـﺪﻫﺎ ﻣﮑﺘـﻮﺏ ﺷـﺪ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤـﺎﻥ ﻣـﺴﺎﻧﯿﺪ אﯾـﺸﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩאﻧﺴﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺏ( ﺳﺨﻨﺎﻥ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﯽ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ(‬ ‫אﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎ ﮐﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﻟﻤﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺼﻮﻣﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﺪﱠﺛﻪ ﻭ ﻣُﻔﻬّﻤﻪ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﺰﻝ ﻧﺒﻮﺕ ﻭ אﻣﺎﻣﺖ ﺯﯾﺴﺘﻪאﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ אﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺧـﻮﺩ ﻧﯿـﺰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﯾﺎی ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﯽ אﺯ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺖ ﺑﯽﮐﺮאﻥ אﻟﻬﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ؛ ﻟﺬא ﮔﻮﻧﻪאی ﺩﯾﮕﺮ אﺯ ﺭﻭאﯾـﺎﺕ ﺣـﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤـﻪ )ﺳـﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬـﺎ(‪ ،‬ﻣﻄﺎﻟـﺐ ﻧﻐـﺰ ﻭ‬ ‫אﺭﺯﺷﻤﻨﺪی אﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ אﺯ ﺧﻮﺩ אﯾﺸﺎﻥ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ אﺳﺖ‪ .‬אﯾﻦ ﮐﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻗﺼﺎﺭ ﺭא ﺭאﻭﯾﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻓﺮﺯﻧﺪאﻥ ﻭאﻻﻣﻘﺎﻡ אﯾﺸﺎﻥ ﺭﻭאﯾﺖ ﮐﺮﺩﻩאﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫אﯾﻦ ﺳﺨﻨﺎﻥ ﺭא ﻣﯽﺗﻮאﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻪ ﺩﺳﺘﻪ ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﮐﺮﺩ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ .٥‬אﺑﻮﺟﻌﻔﺮ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺟﺮﯾﺮ ﻃﺒﺮی‪ ،‬ﺩﻻﺋﻞ אﻷﻣﺎﻣﻪ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ אﻟﺒﻌﺜﻪ‪ ،‬ﻗﻢ‪ ,‬ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ אﻟﺒﻌﺜﻪ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪.٦٥‬‬ ‫‪ .٦‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﺭﺳﻮﻝُ אﷲ )ﺻﻠﯽ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ ﻭ ﺁﻟﻪ(‪» :‬ﺳِﺘﱠﺔٌ ﻣِﻦَ אﻟﻤُﺮُﻭﺀَﺓِ؛ ﺛﻼﺛﺔٌ ﻣِﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﯽ אﻟﺤَﻀَﺮِ ﻭ ﺛﻼﺛﺔٌ ﻣِﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﯽ אﻟﺴﱠﻔَﺮِ‪ .‬ﻓﺄﻣّﺎ אﻟﱠﺘﯽ ﻓﯽ אﻟﺤَﻀَﺮِ‪ :‬ﻓَﺘِﻼﻭَﺓُ ﮐﺘﺎﺏِ אﷲِ ﻋَﺰﱠ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺟَﻞﱠ ﻭ ﻋِﻤﺎﺭَﺓُ ﻣَﺴﺎ ِﺟﺪِ אﷲِ ﻭ אﺗّﺨﺎﺫُ אﻹﺧﻮאﻥِ ﻓﯽ אﷲِ‪ .‬ﺃﻣّﺎ אﻟّﺘﯽ ﻓﯽ אﻟﺴﱠﻔﺮِ‪ :‬ﻓَﺒَﺬﻝُ אﻟﺰّאﺩِ ﻭ ﺣُﺴﻦُ אﻟﺨُﻠﻖِ ﻭ אﻟﻤُﺰאﺡُ ﻓﯽ ﻏَﯿﺮِ אﻟﻤَﻌﺎﺻِﯽ‪«.‬؛ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻠـﯽ אﻟﺤـﺴﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ ﺑﺎﺑﻮﯾﻪ אﻟﻘﻤﯽ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺑﻪ ﺷﯿﺦ ﺻﺪﻭﻕ‪ ،‬ﻋﯿﻮﻥ אﺧﺒﺎﺭ אﻟﺮﺿﺎ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ אﻟﺴﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ אﻟﺴﯿﺪ ﻣﻬﺪی אﻟﺤﺴﯿﻨﯽ אﻟﻼﺟﻮﺭﺩی‪ ،‬ﺗﻬﺮאﻥ‪ ,‬ﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭאﺕ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ ‪ ،٢‬ﺹ‬ ‫‪٢٧‬؛ ﭼﻨﺪﯾﻦ ﺣﺪﯾﺚ ﺩﯾﮕﺮ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺎ אﯾﻦ ﺳﻨﺪ אﺯ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ אﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪٦‬‬

‫‪١‬ـ ﺧﻄﺒﻪﻫﺎ‬

‫ﭼﻨﺎﻥﮐﻪ ﻣﯽﺩאﻧﯿﺪ ﭘﺎﺭﻩאی אﺯ ﻣﯿﺮאﺙ ﺣﺪﯾﺜﯽ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﮐﻪ ﺧﻮﺷﺒﺨﺘﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﺘﻮﻥ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ אﺯ ﺩﺳﺘﺒﺮﺩ ﺣﻮאﺩﺙ ﺯﻣﺎﻧـﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻮﻥ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺧﻄﺒﻪﻫﺎ אﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﭘﺲ אﺯ ﺭﺣﻠﺖ ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺒﺮ )ﺻﻠﯽ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ ﻭ ﺁﻟﻪ( ﻭ ﻏﺼﺐ ﺧﻼﻓﺖ‪ ،‬ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﻣﺤـﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﺭﺯﻩ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ ﻇﻠﻢ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻃﻞ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻬﮥ ﺧﺎﺻﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ אﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺑﻨﺖ אﻟﻨﺒـﯽ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺩאﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ אﯾﺮאﺩ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺧﻄﺒﮥ ﻣﻬـﻢ ﺑـﺮאی‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﭘﺮﺩאﺧﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﯿﺎﻥ ﺧﻄﺒﻪﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ אﺯ אﯾﺸﺎﻥ ﮔﺰאﺭﺵ ﺷﺪﻩ אﺳﺖ ﻣﯽﺗﻮאﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻄﺒﮥ ﺑﻌﺪ אﺯ ﻏﺼﺐ ﻓﺪک‪ ،‬ﺧﻄﺒﻪאی ﺑﺮאی ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮ‬ ‫ﻭ אﻧﺼﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺧﻄﺒﻪאی ﺑﺮאی ﻣﺮﺩﻣﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺣﻖ ﺷﻮﻫﺮﺵ ﺭא ﻏﺼﺐ ﮐﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪ ،‬אﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﮐﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫אﻟﻒ( ﺧﻄﺒﮥ ﻓﺪﮐﯿﻪ‬

‫ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻭ ﻣﺸﻬﻮﺭﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺧﻄﺒﮥ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﺧﻄﺒﻪאی אﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﭘﺲ אﺯ ﻏﺼﺐ ﻓﺪک אﯾﺮאﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ אﺳـﺖ‪ .‬אﯾـﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﺨﻨﺮאﻧﯽ ﺑﺴﯿﺎﺭ ﺩﻗﯿﻖ‪ ،‬ﻓﺼﯿﺢ ﻭ ﭘﺮﻣﻌﻨﺎ אﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺁﻥ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﺩﺭ אﯾﻦ ﺧﻄﺒﮥ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﭼـﺸﻤﮕﯿﺮ ﺯﻧـﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻣـﺮﺩאﻥ ﻣﻬـﺎﺟﺮ ﻭ‬ ‫אﻧﺼﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺳﺮאﻥ ﺳﻘﯿﻔﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴﺠﺪ אﻟﻨﺒﯽ אﯾﺮאﺩ ﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ אﺑﺘﺪא ﺑﺎ ﺣﻤﺪ ﻭ ﺛﻨﺎی אﻟﻬﯽ ﻭ ﻃﺮﺡ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻧﻐﺰ ﺗﻮﺣﯿـﺪی‪ ،‬ﮐـﻼﻡ ﺧـﻮﯾﺶ ﺭא ﺁﻏـﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺫﮐﺮ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺒﯽ אﺯ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﻩﻫﺎی ﻗﺮﺁﻥ‪ ،‬אﺷﺎﺭאﺗﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺒﻮﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﻭﻉ ﺩﯾﻦ‪ ،‬ﻏﺼﺐ ﺧﻼﻓﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﺮﯾﻒ ﻗﺮﺁﻥ ﻭ ﺳﺮﺯﻧﺶ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﻧﺎﺳﭙﺎﺱ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺳﺨﻦ ﺧﻮﯾﺶ ﺭא אﺩאﻣﻪ ﺩאﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺁﻥﮔﺎﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻨﺎﻇﺮﻩ ﻭ אﺣﺘﺠﺎﺝ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ אﺑﻮﺑﮑﺮ ﻭ ﺑﻪ אﺳﺘﻨﺎﺩ ﻗﺮﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﺣﺪﯾﺚ ﻭ ﺳﻨﺪ ﻣﺎﻟﮑﯿﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑـﺮ ﺣﻘﺎﻧﯿـﺖ אﺩﻋـﺎی‬ ‫ﺧﻮﯾﺶ ﻣﺪﺩ ﺟﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ אﻧﺤﺮאﻑ ﺳﺮאﻥ ﺳﻘﯿﻔﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮ ﺁﯾﺎﺕ אﺭﺙ ﻭ ﺑﯿﺎﻥ אﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﮐﺬﺏ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ אﯾﺸﺎﻥ ﺭא ﺭﻭﺷـﻦ ﮐﺮﺩﻧـﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ אﻧﺘﻬـﺎ ﻧﯿـﺰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺧﻄﺒﮥ ﻣﻬﯿﺞ ﻭ ﺗﮑﺎﻥﺩﻫﻨﺪۀ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭא ﺑﺎ אﻧﺪﻭﻩ ﻓﻘﺪאﻥ ﭘﺪﺭ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﯾﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬אﮐﻨﻮﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺨﺸﻬﺎﯾﯽ אﺯ אﯾﻦ ﺧﻄﺒﻪ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﮐﻨﯿﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﯽ ﮐﻪ אﺑﻮﺑﮑﺮ ﻭ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ ﻓﺪک ﺭא אﺯ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳـﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬـﺎ( ﺑﮕﯿﺮﻧـﺪ ﻭ אﯾـﻦ‬ ‫ﺧﺒﺮ ﺑﻪ אﯾﺸﺎﻥ ﺭﺳﯿﺪ‪ ،‬ﻟﺒﺎﺱ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻦ ﮐﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﭼﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺮ ﺳﺮ ﻧﻬﺎﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮﻭﻫﯽ אﺯ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻓﺎﻣﯿﻞ ﻭ ﺧﺪﻣﺘﮑﺎﺭאﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﻮی ﻣﺴﺠﺪ ﺭﻭאﻧﻪ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﯽ ﮐﻪ ﭼﺎﺩﺭﺵ ﺑﻪ ﺯﻣﯿﻦ ﮐﺸﯿﺪﻩ ﻣﯽﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺭאﻩ ﺭﻓﺘﻦ אﻭ ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺭאﻩ ﺭﻓﺘﻦ ﭘﯿـﺎﻣﺒﺮ‬ ‫)ﺻﻠﯽ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ ﻭ ﺁﻟﻪ( ﺧﺪא ﺑﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮ אﺑﻮﺑﮑﺮ ـ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﯿﺎﻥ ﻋﺪﻩאی אﺯ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﯾﻦ ﻭ אﻧﺼﺎﺭ ﻭ ﻏﯿﺮ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ﻧﺸﺴﺘﻪ ﺑـﻮﺩ‬ ‫ـ ﻭאﺭﺩ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ אﯾﻦ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺑﯿﻦ אﻭ ﻭ ﺩﯾﮕﺮאﻥ ﭘﺮﺩﻩאی ﺁﻭﯾﺨﺘﻨﺪ؛ ﺁﻥﮔﺎﻩ ﻧﺎﻟﻪאی ﺟﺎﻥﺳﻮﺯ אﺯ ﺩﻝ ﺑﺮﺁﻭﺭﺩ ﮐـﻪ ﻫﻤـﮥ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮﯾﻪ אﻓﺘﺎﺩﻧﺪ ﻭ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﻭ ﻣﺴﺠﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺨﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻨﺒﺶ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﭙﺲ ﻟﺤﻈﻪאی ﺳﮑﻮﺕ ﮐﺮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﻫﻤﻬﻤﮥ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﻭ ﮔﺮﯾﮥ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ﺳﺎﮐﺖ ﺷـﺪ ﻭ ﺟـﻮﺵ ﻭ ﺧـﺮﻭﺵ‬ ‫אﯾﺸﺎﻥ ﺁﺭאﻡ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ‪ .‬ﺁﻥﮔﺎﻩ ﮐﻼﻣﺶ ﺭא ﺑﺎ ﺣﻤﺪ ﻭ ﺛﻨﺎی אﻟﻬﯽ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻓﺮﻣﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺮ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺧﺪא )ﺻﻠﯽ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ ﻭ ﺁﻟـﻪ(‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻭﺩ ﻓﺮﺳﺘﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ אﯾﻨﺠﺎ ﺩﻭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺻﺪאی ﮔﺮﯾﮥ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺑﻠﻨﺪ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺘﯽ ﺳﮑﻮﺕ ﺑﺮﻗﺮאﺭ ﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﮐﻼﻡ ﺧـﻮﯾﺶ ﺭא ﺩﻧﺒـﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﮐﺮﺩ ﻭ ﻓﺮﻣﻮﺩ‪:‬‬ ‫»ﺣﻤﺪ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺎﺱ ﺧﺪאی ﺭא ﺑﺮ ﺁﻧﭽﻪ אﺭﺯאﻧﯽ ﺩאﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺷُﮑﺮ אﻭ ﺭא ﺩﺭ ﺁﻧﭽﻪ אﻟﻬﺎﻡ ﻓﺮﻣﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺛﻨﺎ ﻭ ﺷﮑﺮ ﺑﺮ אﻭ ﺑـﺮ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﭘﯿﺶ ﻓﺮﺳﺘﺎﺩ‪ ،‬אﺯ ﻧﻌﻤﺘﻬﺎی ﻓﺮאﻭאﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺧﻠﻖ ﻓﺮﻣﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻋﻄﺎﯾﺎی ﮔـﺴﺘﺮﺩﻩאی ﮐـﻪ אﻋﻄـﺎ ﮐـﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻣﻨّﺘﻬـﺎی‬ ‫ﺑﯽﺷﻤﺎﺭی ﮐﻪ אﺭﺯאﻧﯽ ﺩאﺷﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ...‬ﭘﺲ ﺧﺪאی ﺑﺰﺭگ אﯾﻤﺎﻥ ﺭא ﺑﺮאی ﭘﺎک ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺷﻤﺎ אﺯ ﺷﺮک‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻧﻤﺎﺯ ﺭא ﺑـﺮאی ﭘـﺎک ﻧﻤـﻮﺩﻥ ﺷـﻤﺎ אﺯ‬ ‫ﺗﮑﺒﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺯﮐﺎﺕ ﺭא ﺑﺮאی ﺗﺰﮐﯿـﮥ ﻧﻔـﺲ ﻭ אﻓـﺰאﯾﺶ ﺭﻭﺯی‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺭﻭﺯﻩ ﺭא ﺑـﺮאی ﺗﺜﺒﯿـﺖ אﺧـﻼﺹ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺣـﺞ ﺭא ﺑـﺮאی‬ ‫אﺳﺘﺤﮑﺎﻡ ﺩﯾﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻋﺪאﻟﺖﻭﺭﺯی ﺭא ﺑﺮאی אﻟﺘﯿﺎﻡ ﻗﻠﺒﻬـﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ אﻃﺎﻋـﺖ ﻣـﺎ ﺧﺎﻧـﺪאﻥ ﺭא ﺑـﺮאی ﻧﻈـﻢ ﯾـﺎﻓﺘﻦ ﻣﻠﺘﻬـﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ‬ ‫אﻣﺎﻣﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺭא ﺑﺮאی ﺭﻫﺎﯾﯽ אﺯ ﺗﻔﺮﻗﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺟﻬﺎﺩ ﺭא ﺑﺮאی ﻋﺰﺕ אﺳﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺻﺒﺮ ﺭא ﺑﺮאی ﮐﻤـﮏ ﺩﺭ ﺑـﻪ ﺩﺳـﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﺩאﺵ ﻗﺮאﺭ ﺩאﺩ‪«.‬‬ ‫ﺳﭙﺲ ﺁﻥ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﺯﻧﺶ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﭘﺮﺩאﺧﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻇﻠﻤﻬﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮ אﻫﻞ ﺑﯿﺖ )ﻋﻠـﯿﻬﻢ אﻟـﺴﻼﻡ(‬ ‫ﺭﻓﺘﻪ אﺳﺖ אﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﮐﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺧﻄﺎﺏ ﺑﻪ אﺑﻮﺑﮑﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻋﺖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﮔﻔﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫»אی ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺎﻧﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺁﯾﺎ ﺳﺰאﻭאﺭ אﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ אﺭﺙ ﭘﺪﺭﻡ ﺭא אﺯ ﻣـﻦ ﺑﮕﯿﺮﻧـﺪ؟! אی ﭘـﺴﺮ אﺑـﯽﻗﺤﺎﻓـﻪ‪ ،‬ﺁﯾـﺎ ﺩﺭ ﮐﺘـﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺧﺪאﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻮ אﺯ ﭘﺪﺭﺕ אﺭﺙ ﺑﺒﺮی ﻭ ﻣﻦ אﺯ אﺭﺙ ﭘﺪﺭﻡ ﻣﺤﺮﻭﻡ ﺑﺎﺷﻢ؟! אﻣﺮ ﺗﺎﺯﻩ ﻭ ﺯﺷﺘﯽ ﺁﻭﺭﺩی‪ .‬ﺁﯾـﺎ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﺎﻧـﻪ‬ ‫‪٧‬‬

‫ﮐﺘﺎﺏ ﺧﺪא ﺭא ﺗﺮک ﮐﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﭘﺸﺖ ﺳﺮ ﻣﯽאﻧﺪאﺯﯾﺪ‪ ،‬ﺁﯾﺎ ﻗﺮﺁﻥ ﻧﻤﯽﮔﻮﯾﺪ‪" :‬ﺳﻠﯿﻤﺎﻥ אﺯ ﺩאﻭﺩ אﺭﺙ ﺑﺮﺩ"‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺒـﺮ‬ ‫ﺯﮐﺮﯾﺎ‪ ،‬ﺁﻥﮔﺎﻩ ﮐﻪ ﮔﻔﺖ‪" :‬ﭘﺮﻭﺭﺩﮔﺎﺭא‪ ،‬ﻣﺮא ﻓﺮﺯﻧﺪی ﻋﻨﺎﯾﺖ ﻓﺮﻣﺎ ﺗﺎ אﺯ ﻣﻦ ﻭ ﺧﺎﻧﺪאﻥ ﯾﻌﻘﻮﺏ אﺭﺙ ﺑﺮﺩ" ﻭ ﻓﺮﻣﻮﺩ‪" :‬ﻭ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﯾﺸﺎﻭﻧﺪאﻥِ ﺭﺣﻤﯽ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﯾﮑﺪﯾﮕﺮ ﺳﺰאﻭאﺭﺗﺮ אﺯ ﺩﯾﮕﺮאﻥאﻧﺪ" ‪ ...‬ﻭ ﺷﻤﺎ ﮔﻤﺎﻥ ﻣﯽﺑﺮﯾﺪ ﮐـﻪ ﻣـﺮא ﺑﻬـﺮﻩאی ﻧﺒـﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺳﻬﻤﯽ אﺯ אﺭﺙ ﭘﺪﺭﻡ ﻧﺪאﺭﻡ! ﺁﯾﺎ ﺧﺪאﻭﻧﺪ ﺁﯾﻪאی ﺑـﻪ ﺷـﻤﺎ ﻧـﺎﺯﻝ ﮐـﺮﺩﻩ ﮐـﻪ ﭘـﺪﺭﻡ ﺭא אﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺧـﺎﺭﺝ ﺳـﺎﺧﺘﻪ؟! ﯾـﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﯽﮔﻮﯾﯿﺪ‪ :‬אﻫﻞ ﺩﻭ ﺩﯾﻦ אﺯ ﯾﮑﺪﯾﮕﺮ אﺭﺙ ﻧﻤﯽﺑﺮﻧﺪ؟! ﺁﯾﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻭ ﭘﺪﺭﻡ ﺭא אﺯ אﻫﻞ ﯾﮏ ﺩﯾﻦ ﻧﻤﯽﺩאﻧﯿﺪ؟! ﻭ ﯾـﺎ ﺷـﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻋﺎﻡ ﻭ ﺧﺎﺹ ﻗﺮﺁﻥ אﺯ ﭘﺪﺭ ﻭ ﭘﺴﺮﻋﻤﻮﯾﻢ ﺁﮔﺎﻩﺗﺮﯾﺪ؟! אﯾﻨﮏ אﯾﻦ ﺗﻮ ﻭ אﯾﻦ ﺷﺘﺮ؛ ﺷﺘﺮی ﻣﻬﺎﺭ ﺯﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺭﺣﻞ ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ؛ ﺑﺮﮔﯿﺮ ﻭ ﺑﺒﺮ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺭﺳﺘﺎﺧﯿﺰ ﻣﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺧﻮאﻫﻢ ﮐﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ אﺯ ﺗﻮ ﺧﺒﺮﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻠﯽ ﭘﯿﺶ ﺁﻣﺪ ﮐﻪ אﮔﺮ ﺑﻮﺩی ﺁﻥﭼﻨﺎﻥ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺟﻠﻮﻩ ﻧﻤﯽﮐﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣـﺎ ﺗـﻮ ﺭא אﺯ ﺩﺳـﺖ‬ ‫ﺩאﺩﯾﻢ؛ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺳﺮﺯﻣﯿﻨﯽ ﮐﻪ אﺯ ﺑﺎﺭאﻥ ﻣﺤﺮﻭﻡ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﻭ ﻗﻮﻡ ﺗﻮ ﻣﺘﻔﺮﻕ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ؛ ﺑﯿﺎ ﺑﻨﮕﺮ ﮐﻪ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ אﺯ ﺭאﻩ ﻣﻨﺤـﺮﻑ‬ ‫‪٧‬‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺩﯾﺪﻧﺪ‪ ....‬אی ﮐﺎﺵ ﭘﯿﺶ אﺯ ﺗﻮ ﻣﺮﺩﻩ ﺑﻮﺩﯾﻢ‪ ،‬ﺁﻥﮔﺎﻩ ﮐﻪ ﺭﻓﺘﯽ ﻭ ﺧﺎک ﺗﻮ ﺭא ﺩﺭ ﺯﯾﺮ ﺧﻮﺩ ﭘﻨﻬﺎﻥ ﮐﺮﺩ‪«.‬‬ ‫אﯾﻦ ﺧﻄﺒﻪ‪ ،‬אﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻋﻤﯿﻖﺗﺮﯾﻦ‪ ،‬ﺩﻗﯿﻖﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻭ אﺩﺑﯽﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺧﻄﺒﻪﻫﺎی ﻣﻌﺼﻮﻣﯿﻦ אﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺏ( ﺧﻄﺒﻪאی ﺩﺭ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ‬

‫ﻭﻗﺘﯽ ﺁﻥ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﺑﯿﻤﺎﺭی ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺟﻤﺎﻋﺘﯽ אﺯ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﯾﻦ ﻭ אﻧﺼﺎﺭ ﺑﺮאی ﻋﯿﺎﺩﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ אﯾﺸﺎﻥ ﺭﺳﯿﺪﻧﺪ ﻭ ﭘﺮﺳـﯿﺪﻧﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫ﮐﯿﻒ ﺃﺻﺒﺤﺖ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻠّﺘﮏ ﯾﺎ אﺑﻨﺔ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ אﷲ؟ )אی ﺩﺧﺘﺮ ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺒﺮ ﺧﺪא )ﺻﻠﯽ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ ﻭ ﺁﻟﻪ(‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ אﯾﻦ ﺑﯿﻤﺎﺭی ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ אﺳﺖ؟(‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ‪ ،‬אﺯ ﺳﺆאﻝ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﺁﺷﻔﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻟﯽ ﭘﺮﺧﻮﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺬﻣﺖ אﻫﻞ ﻣﺪﯾﻨﻪ ﻭ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﭘﺮﺩאﺧﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﺘﯿﺠﮥ אﯾـﻦ ﺧﻄﺒـﻪ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺳﺨﻨﺎﻥ ﺁﻥ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﺭא ﺑﺮאی ﺷﻮﻫﺮאﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺯﮔﻮ ﮐﺮﺩﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺟﻤﻌﯽ אﺯ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﯾﻦ ﻭ אﻧﺼﺎﺭ ﺑﺮאی ﻋﺬﺭﺧﻮאﻫﯽ ﻧﺰﺩ אﯾﺸﺎﻥ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﮔﻔﺘﻨﺪ‪ :‬אﮔﺮ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻋﻠﯽ )ﻋﻠﯿﻪ אﻟﺴﻼﻡ( ﻗﺒﻞ אﺯ ﺑﯿﻌﺖ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺎ אﺑـﻮﺑﮑﺮ אﯾـﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟـﺐ ﺭא ﺑﺮאﯾﻤـﺎﻥ ﮔﻔﺘـﻪ ﺑـﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﮐـﺴﯽ ﺭא ﺑـﺮ אﻭ ﺗـﺮﺟﯿﺢ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﯽﺩאﺩﯾﻢ‪ .‬ﻭ ﺁﻥ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻮאﺏ ﻓﺮﻣﻮﺩﻧﺪ‪ :‬אﺯ ﻧﺰﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺷﻮﯾﺪ؛ ﺑﻌﺪ אﺯ אﺭﺗﮑﺎﺏ ﮔﻨﺎﻩ ﻭ ﺳﻬﻞאﻧﮕﺎﺭی‪ ،‬ﻋﺬﺭﺧﻮאﻫﯽ ﺑـﺮאی ﺷـﻤﺎ ﭼـﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﯽ ﺩאﺭﺩ؟!‬ ‫‪٨‬‬ ‫אﯾﻦ ﺧﻄﺒﻪ ﺭא ﻣﻌﺎﻧﯽ אﻷﺧﺒﺎﺭ‪ ،‬אﻣﺎﻟﯽ ﻃﻮﺳﯽ‪ ،‬אﺣﺘﺠﺎﺝ ﻭ ﺑﺤﺎﺭ אﻷﻧﻮאﺭ‪ ،‬ﻧﻘﻞ ﮐﺮﺩﻩאﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺝ( ﺧﻄﺒﻪאی ﺑﺮאی ﻏﺎﺻﺒﯿﻦ‬

‫אﯾﻦ ﺧﻄﺒﮥ ﮐﻮﺗﺎﻩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺁﺳﺘﺎﻧﮥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﺰﻝ ﻭ ﺧﻄﺎﺏ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻤﺎﻋﺘﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮאی ﺑﯿﻌﺖ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ אﺯ אﻣﺎﻡ ﻋﻠﯽ )ﻋﻠﯿﻪ אﻟـﺴﻼﻡ( ﺁﻣـﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺧﻮאﺳـﺘﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺧﺮﻭﺝ אﯾﺸﺎﻥ אﺯ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ‪ ،‬אﯾﺮאﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ אﺳﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫»ﻣﻠﺘﯽ ﺭא ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺷﻤﺎ ﻧﻤﯽﺷﻨﺎﺳﻢ ﮐﻪ אﯾﻦﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻋﻬﺪﺷﮑﻦ ﻭ ﺑﺪﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ...‬ﮔﻮﯾﺎ ﻧﻤﯽﺩאﻧﯿﺪ ﮐـﻪ ﭘﯿـﺎﻣﺒﺮ‬ ‫‪٩‬‬ ‫)ﺻﻠﯽ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ ﻭ ﺁﻟﻪ( ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﻏﺪﯾﺮ ﺧﻢ ﭼﻪ ﻓﺮﻣﻮﺩ؟«‬ ‫‪٢‬ـ ﺭﻭאﯾﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪ .٧‬ﺭ‪.‬ک‪ :‬ﺿﻤﯿﻤﮥ ﺷﻤﺎﺭۀ ‪ ،٢‬ﻣﺘﻦ ﻋﺮﺑﯽ אﯾﻦ ﻓﺮאﺯ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .٨‬ﻣﺘﻦ אﯾﻦ ﺣﺪﯾﺚ ﺭא ﻣﯽﺗﻮאﻧﯿﺪ ﺩﺭ ﮐﺘﺎﺑﻬﺎی ﺯﯾﺮ ﺑﯿﺎﺑﯿﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻠﯽ ﺑﻦ אﻟﺤﺴﯿﻦ ﺑﻦ ﺑﺎﺑﻮﯾﻪ אﻟﻘﻤّﯽ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺑﻪ ﺷﯿﺦ ﺻﺪﻭﻕ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺎﻧﯽ אﻷﺧﺒﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻋﻠﯽ אﮐﺒﺮ ﻏﻔﺎﺭی‪ ،‬ﻗﻢ‪ ,‬ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ אﻟﻨﺸﺮ אﻻﺳـﻼﻣﯽ‪ ١٣٦١ ،‬ﻫ‪،‬‬ ‫ﭼﺎپ אﻭﻝ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪ ،٣٥٤‬ﺡ ‪١‬؛ אﺑﻮﺟﻌﻔﺮ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ אﻟﺤﺴﻦ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺑﻪ ﺷﯿﺦ ﻃﻮﺳﯽ‪ ،‬אﻻﻣﺎﻟﯽ אﻟﻄﻮﺳﯽ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ אﻟﺒﻌﺜﻪ‪ ،‬ﻗﻢ‪ ,‬ﺩאﺭ אﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﻪ‪ ١٤١٤ ،‬ﻫ ‪ ،‬ﭼﺎپ‬ ‫אﻭﻝ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪ ،٣٧٤‬ﺡ ‪ .٧٠٤‬אﺑﻮﻣﻨﺼﻮﺭ אﺣﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻠﯽ ﺑﻦ אﺑﯽ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ אﻟﻄﺒﺮﺳﯽ‪ ,‬אﻻﺣﺘﺠﺎﺝ ﻋﻠﯽ אﻫﻞ אﻟﻠﺠﺎﺝ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ אﺑﺮאﻫﯿﻢ אﻟﺒﻬﺎﺩﺭی ﻭ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻫﺎﺩی‪ ،‬ﺗﻬﺮאﻥ‪,‬‬ ‫ﺩאﺭ אﻷﺳﻮﻩ‪ ١٤١٣ ،‬ﻫ‪ ،‬ﭼﺎپ אﻭﻝ‪ ،‬ﺝ ‪ ،١‬ﺹ ‪ .١٤٧‬אﺣﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ אﺑﯽﻃﺎﻫﺮ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺑﻪ אﺑﻦﻃﯿﻔﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﺑﻼﻏﺎﺕ אﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻗﻢ‪ ,‬ﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭאﺕ אﻟﺸﺮﯾﻒ אﻟﺮﺿﯽ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪.١٩‬‬ ‫‪» .٩‬ﻻ ﻋَﻬﺪَ ﻟﯽ ﺑِﻘَﻮﻡٍ ﺃَﺳْﻮَﺀَ ﻣَﺤﻀَﺮאً ﻣِﻨﮑﻢ ‪ ...‬ﮐﺄَﻧﱠﮑﻢ ﻟَﻢ ﺗَﻌﻠَﻤﻮא ﻣﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ ﯾَﻮﻡَ ﻏﺪﯾﺮِ ﺧُﻢ«؛ אﺑﻮﻋﺒﺪאﷲ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ אﻟﻨﻌﻤﺎﻥ אﻟﻌﮑﺒﺮی אﻟﺒﻐﺪאﺩی ﻣﻌـﺮﻭﻑ ﺑـﻪ ﺷـﯿﺦ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﯿﺪ‪ ,‬אﻣﺎﻟﯽ אﻟﻤﻔﯿﺪ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺴﯿﻦ אﺳﺘﺎﺩﻭﻟﯽ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻋﻠﯽ אﮐﺒﺮ ﻏﻔّﺎﺭی‪ ،‬ﻗﻢ‪ ,‬ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ אﻟﻨﺸﺮ אﻻﺳﻼﻣﯽ‪ ١٤٠٤ ،‬ﻫ‪ ،‬ﭼﺎپ ﺩﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪.٥٠‬‬

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‫אﯾﻦ ﺳﺨﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﮐﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﮔﻬﺮﺑﺎﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﯾﺎﺩ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻧﯽ ﮐﻠﻤﺎﺕ אﯾﺸﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﺟﻤﻠﮥ ﺯﯾﺒﺎﯾﯽ אﺳﺖ‬ ‫‪١٠‬‬ ‫ﮐﻪ אﻣﺎﻡ ﺣﺴﻦ )ﻋﻠﯿﻪ אﻟﺴﻼﻡ( אﺯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﻮאﺭﺷﺎﻥ ﻧﻘﻞ ﮐﺮﺩﻩאﻧﺪ‪» :‬אﻟﺠﺎﺭ ﺛﻢ אﻟﺪّאﺭ«‪.‬‬ ‫‪٣‬ـ אﺩﻋﯿﻪ‬

‫ﺑﺨﺸﯽ אﺯ ﺭﻭאﯾﺎﺕ ﺭﺳﯿﺪﻩ אﺯ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﺩﻋﺎﻫﺎﯾﯽ אﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ אﯾﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮאﻗﻊ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑـﻪ ﻧﺰﺩﯾﮑـﺎﻥ ﺧـﻮﯾﺶ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠﯿﻢ ﻓﺮﻣﻮﺩﻩ ﯾﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻖ ﺩﯾﮕﺮאﻥ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻋﺎ ﺑﻠﻨﺪ ﮐﺮﺩﻩאﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﮐﺘﺎﺑﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﺩﻋﺎﻫﺎی אﯾﺸﺎﻥ ﺭא ﺟﻤﻊﺁﻭﺭی ﮐﺮﺩﻩ אﺳـﺖ‪ ،‬ﮐﺘـﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﯿﻔﺔ אﻟﺰﻫﺮאﺀ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ(‪ ،‬ﮔﺮﺩﺁﻭﺭی ﺟﻮאﺩ ﻗﯿﻮﻣﯽ אﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻧﻮﯾﺴﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ אﯾﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ‪ ٦٨‬ﺩﻋـﺎ ﺭא ﺩﺭ ‪ ٩‬ﺑﺨـﺶ ﮔـﺰאﺭﺵ ﮐـﺮﺩﻩ‬ ‫אﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺸﯽ אﺯ ﺩﻋﺎی ﺁﻥ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻌﻘﯿﺐ ﻧﻤﺎﺯ ﻋﺸﺎ‪:‬‬ ‫»ﺑﺎﺭאﻟﻬﺎ! ﺭﺣﻢ ﮐﻦ ﺯﻣﯿﻦ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻧﻢ ﺭא ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﻣﺮگ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻓﺮאﻕ ﺩﻭﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺗﻨﻬﺎﯾﯽאﻡ ﺭא ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺟﺎی ﮔـﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻏﺮﺑﺘﻢ ﺭא ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﻗﯿﺎﻣﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻧﯿﺎﺯﻡ ﺭא ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮאی ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺮﺳﯽ ﺩﺭ ﭘﯿﺸﮕﺎﻫﺖ ﻗﺮאﺭ ﻣﯽﮔﯿﺮﻡ‪«.‬‬

‫ﺝ( ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ(‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﺩﺭ ﻟﻐﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺘﺎﺏ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ ﻭ אﻭﺭאﻗﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺭא ﺩﺭ ﯾﮏ ﺟﻠﺪ ﺟﻤﻊ ﮐﺮﺩﻩאﻧﺪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﯽﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺮאﺙ ﺣـﺪﯾﺜﯽ ﮐـﻪ‬ ‫אﺯ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﺑﺎﻗﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﺪ‪» ،‬ﻣﺼﺤﻒ« אﯾﺸﺎﻥ אﺳﺖ‪ .‬אﯾﻦ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﺕ ﮐﻮﺗﺎﻩ ﭘﺲ אﺯ ﺭﺣﻠﺖ ﭘﯿـﺎﻣﺒﺮ )ﺻـﻠﯽ‬ ‫אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ ﻭ ﺁﻟﻪ(‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻭאﺳﻄﮥ ﻣﻼﺋﮑﻪ אﺯ ﺟﺎﻧﺐ ﭘﺮﻭﺭﺩﮔﺎﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( אﻋﻄﺎ ﮔﺮﺩﯾﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪١١‬‬

‫ﻭﯾﮋﮔﯿﻬﺎی ﻣﺼﺤﻒ‬ ‫אﻟﻒ( ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﯽ ﺗﺪﻭﯾﻦ‬

‫ﭘﺲ אﺯ ﺁﻧﮑﻪ ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺒﺮ ﺧﺪא )ﺻﻠﯽ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ ﻭ ﺁﻟﻪ( ﺑﻪ ﻟﻘﺎﺀ אﻟﻬﯽ ﺷﺘﺎﻓﺖ ﻭ ﺧﻼﻓﺖ אﺯ אﻣﺎﻡ ﻋﻠﯽ )ﻋﻠﯿﻪ אﻟﺴﻼﻡ( ﻏـﺼﺐ ﮔﺮﺩﯾـﺪ‪ ،‬ﻏـﻢ ﻭ‬ ‫אﻧﺪﻭﻩ ﻓﺮאﻭאﻧﯽ ﺩאﻣﻨﮕﯿﺮ ﺳﺮﻭﺭ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﯾﺪ؛ ﻟﺬא אﯾﻦ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ אﺯ ﺟﺎﻧﺐ ﺧﺪאﻭﻧﺪ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﺑﺮאی ﺗﺴﻼی ﺧﺎﻃﺮ אﯾﺸﺎﻥ אﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ אﯾﻦ ﺭﻭאﯾﺖ ﺩﻗﺖ ﮐﻨﯿﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﺩ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ ﻣﯽﮔﻮﯾﺪ‪ :‬אﺯ אﻣﺎﻡ ﺻﺎﺩﻕ )ﻋﻠﯿﻪ אﻟﺴﻼﻡ( ﺷﻨﯿﺪﻡ ﮐـﻪ ﻣـﯽﻓﺮﻣـﻮﺩ‪» :‬ﺯﻧﺎﺩﻗـﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳـﺎﻝ ‪١٢٨‬‬ ‫ﻇﺎﻫﺮ ﺧﻮאﻫﻨﺪ ﺷﺪ ﻭ אﯾﻦ ﺭא אﺯ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﻣﯽﮔﻮﯾﻢ‪ «.‬ﭘﺮﺳﯿﺪﻡ‪ :‬ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳـﻼﻡ‬ ‫אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﭼﯿﺴﺖ؟ ﻓﺮﻣﻮﺩ‪ :‬ﺯﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺧﺪאﻭﻧﺪ ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺒﺮ )ﺻﻠﯽ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ ﻭ ﺁﻟﻪ( ﺭא ﻗﺒﺾ ﺭﻭﺡ ﻓﺮﻣﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺁﻥﭼﻨﺎﻥ ﻏﻢ‬ ‫ﻭ אﻧﺪﻭﻫﯽ אﺯ ﻭﻓﺎﺕ אﯾﺸﺎﻥ ﺑﺮ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﻭאﺭﺩ ﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﮐﻪ ﮐﺴﯽ ﻏﯿﺮ אﺯ ﺧﺪא אﺯ ﺷﺪﺕ ﺣﺰﻥ אﻭ ﺁﮔـﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺴﺖ؛ ﭘﺲ ﺧﺪאﻭﻧﺪ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﻣﻠﮑﯽ ﺭא ﻧﺰﺩ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﻓﺮﺳﺘﺎﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺗﺴﻠﯽﺑﺨﺶ ﻏﻤﻬﺎﯾﺶ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑـﺮ‬ ‫אﻭ ﺣﺪﯾﺚ ﺑﺨﻮאﻧﺪ‪...‬؛ ﭘﺲ אﻣﺎﻡ ﻋﻠﯽ )ﻋﻠﯿﻪ אﻟﺴﻼﻡ( ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﺭא ﮐﻪ אﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻠﮏ ﻣـﯽﺷـﻨﯿﺪ ﻣـﯽﻧﮕﺎﺷـﺖ ﺗـﺎ ﺁﻧﮑـﻪ‬ ‫‪١٢‬‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺤﻒ‪ ،‬ﻧﮕﺎﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺗﺪﻭﯾﻦ ﮔﺸﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫אﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ אﯾﻨﮑﻪ ﭼﻪ ﮐﺴﯽ אﯾﻦ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﺭא ﺑﺮ ﺁﻥ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻗﺮאﺋﺖ ﻣﯽﮐﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺩﻭ ﺩﺳﺘﻪ ﺭﻭאﯾﺖ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ אﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ אﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺟﻤﻊאﻧﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫‪١٣‬‬ ‫ﺩﺳﺘﮥ אﻭﻝ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ אﯾﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﻪ אﺯ ﺭﻭאﯾﺎﺕ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ אﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺟﺒﺮﺋﯿﻞ ﺑﺮ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﻧﺎﺯﻝ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .١٠‬ﺷﯿﺦ ﺻﺪﻭﻕ‪ ،‬ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻦ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪.١٨٢‬‬ ‫‪ .١١‬ﺭ‪.‬ک‪ :‬ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﻻﺭﻭﺱ ﻭ ﻣﻌﯿﻦ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .١٢‬ﮐﻠﯿﻨﯽ‪ ،‬ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻦ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪ ،٢٤٠‬ﺡ ‪.٢‬‬ ‫‪ .١٣‬ﺭ‪.‬ک‪ :‬ﻫﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪ ،٢٤١٧‬ﺡ ‪.٥‬‬ ‫‪٩‬‬

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‫ﺩﺳﺘﮥ ﺩﻭﻡ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ אﯾﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﻪ אﺯ ﺭﻭאﯾﺎﺕ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ אﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻠﮑﯽ אﺯ ﻣﻼﺋﮑﮥ אﻟﻬﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺁﻥ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻧﺎﺯﻝ ﻣﯽﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺁﻥﮔﺎﻩ‪ ،‬אﻣﺎﻡ ﻋﻠﯽ )ﻋﻠﯿﻪ אﻟﺴﻼﻡ( ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﺭא ﮐﻪ ﻣﻠﮏ אﻟﻬﯽ ﺑﺮאی ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﺣﺪﯾﺚ ﻣـﯽﮐـﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻣـﯽﺷـﻨﯿﺪﻧﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﯽﻧﻮﺷﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬אﯾﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ »ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ(« ﻣﺸﻬﻮﺭ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺏ( ﻣﺤﺘﻮאی ﻣﺼﺤﻒ‬

‫ﺁﻧﭽﻪ אﺯ ﮔﺰאﺭﺷﻬﺎی ﻣﻌﺼﻮﻣﯿﻦ אﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﯽﺷﻮﺩ אﯾﻦ אﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ‪ ،‬ﺣﺎﻭی אﺧﺒﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺣﻮאﺩﺙ ﻭ ﺭﺧـﺪאﺩﻫﺎی ﻏﯿﺒـﯽ ﮐـﻪ ﭘﯿﺮאﻣـﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺒﺮ )ﺻﻠﯽ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ ﻭ ﺁﻟﻪ( ﻭ ﺧﺎﻧﺪאﻥ ﻭ ﺫﺭﯾﮥ ﺁﻥ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﺗﺎ ﻗﯿﺎﻣﺖ אﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﺧﻮאﻫﺪ אﻓﺘﺎﺩ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺒﯿﺮ ﺩﻗﯿﻖﺗﺮ‪ ،‬ﺣﺎﻭی »ﻋﻠﻢ ﻣـﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﮑﻮﻥ« אﺳﺖ‪ .‬אﻣﺎ ﺟﺎﻟﺐ אﯾﻨﺠﺎﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ אﯾﻦ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﻋﻈﯿﻢ‪ ،‬ﻫﯿﭻ ﮐﻼﻣﯽ אﺯ ﻗﺮﺁﻥ ﻭ אﺣﮑﺎﻡ ﺷﺮﻋﯽ )ﺣـﻼﻝ ﻭ ﺣﺮאﻣﻬـﺎ ﻭ‪ (...‬ﻧﯿﺎﻣـﺪﻩ‬ ‫‪١٥‬‬ ‫אﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫אﮐﻨﻮﻥ ﺑﻨﮕﺮﯾﻢ ﮐﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﮥ ﮔﺮאﻥﻗﺪﺭ ﻣﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﺑﺮ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻠﯽ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ אﺳﺖ ﻭ ﭘﯿﮏ אﻟﻬﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺩﯾـﺪאﺭﻫﺎی ﻣﻠﮑـﻮﺗﯽ אﺯ ﭼـﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﺎﯾﻘﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﮥ אﻃﻬﺮ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﺳﺨﻦ ﻣﯽﮔﻔﺘﻪ אﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺭﻭאﯾﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺏ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺭﻭאﯾﯽ ﻓـﺮאﻭאﻥ אﺳـﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫‪١٦‬‬ ‫ﺑﺴﯿﺎﺭی אﺯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﯽ ﻣﺤﺘﻮאی ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﮔﺰאﺭﺵ ﺷﺪﻩ אﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪١‬ـ ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎﻩ ﭘﺪﺭ ﻭ ﺁﯾﻨﺪۀ ﻓﺮﺯﻧﺪאﻥ‬

‫ﺩﺭ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺁﻥ ﺭﻭאﯾﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ‪) :‬ﺩﺭ אﯾﻦ ﮔﻔﺘﮕﻮﻫﺎ ﺟﺒﺮﺋﯿﻞ( אﺯ ﭘﺪﺭ ﻭ ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎﻫﺶ ﻭ אﺯ ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭۀ ﻓﺮﺯﻧﺪאﻥ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤـﻪ )ﺳـﻼﻡ‬ ‫‪١٧‬‬ ‫אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﺩﺭ ﮔﺬﺭﮔﺎﻩ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ אﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﻣﯽאﻓﺘﺪ‪ ،‬ﺳﺨﻦ ﻣﯽﮔﻔﺖ ﻭ ﮔﺰאﺭﺵ ﻣﯽﺩאﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪٢‬ـ ﺭﻭﯾﺪאﺩﻫﺎﯾﯽ אﺯ ﺁﯾﻨﺪﻩ‬

‫ﺩﺭ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ אﺯ ﺭﻭאﯾﺎﺕ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ אﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ‪ ،‬אﺯ ﺭﻭﯾﺪאﺩﻫﺎی ﺁﯾﻨﺪﻩ ﺳﺨﻦ ﺭﻓﺘﻪ אﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺣﺘﯽ ﮔﺎﻫﯽ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ אﺯ אﻣﺎﻣـﺎﻥ‬ ‫)ﻋﻠﯿﻬﻢ אﻟﺴﻼﻡ( ﭘﯿﺸﮕﻮﯾﯿﻬﺎی ﺧﻮﯾﺶ ﺭא ﺑﺪאﻥ ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﺮﺩﻩאﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭאﯾﺖ ﺣﻤﺎﺩ ﺑﻦ ﻋﯿﺴﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﻞ אﺯ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﺻﺎﺩﻕ )ﻋﻠﯿـﻪ אﻟـﺴﻼﻡ(‬ ‫‪١٨‬‬ ‫ﺁﻣﺪﻩ אﺳﺖ‪ ...» :‬ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ אﺯ ﺣﻼﻝ ﻭ ﺣﺮאﻡ ﭼﯿﺰی ﻧﯿﺴﺖ‪ ،‬אﻣﺎ ﻣﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﺑﺮ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﯿﻬﺎی ﺁﯾﻨﺪﻩ אﺳﺖ«‪.‬‬ ‫‪١٩‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺩﯾﮕﺮی ﺁﻣﺪﻩ אﺳﺖ‪» :‬ﻓَﻔﯿﻪِ ﻣﺎ ﯾَﮑﻮﻥُ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﺩﺙٍ‪.«...‬‬ ‫אﻣﺎﻣﺎﻥ )ﻋﻠﯿﻬﻢ אﻟﺴﻼﻡ( ﮔﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ אﯾﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ אﺳﺘﻨﺎﺩ ﮐﺮﺩﻩאﻧﺪ؛ אﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﮥ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ אﺳﺘﻨﺎﺩ אﻣﺎﻡ ﺻﺎﺩﻕ )ﻋﻠﯿـﻪ אﻟـﺴﻼﻡ( ﺩﺭﺑـﺎﺭۀ‬ ‫‪٢٠‬‬ ‫ﻇﻬﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﺟﺮﯾﺎﻥ ﺯﻧﺪﻗﻪ ﻭ ‪ ...‬אﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪٣‬ـ ﯾﺎﺩ ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺒﺮאﻥ ﻭ אﻭﺻﯿﺎ‬

‫אﺯ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﻧﻘﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﯽﺗﻮאﻥ ﺩﺭﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﺑﺮ ﯾﺎﺩﮐﺮﺩ ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺒﺮאﻥ ﻭ אﻭﺻﯿﺎی ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻧﯿﺰ ﻣﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ אﺳـﺖ‪ .‬אﺑـﻦ ﺷﻬﺮﺁﺷـﻮﺏ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ‬ ‫אﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭۀ ﻭﻻﯾﺖ ﻭ אﻣﺎﺭﺕ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪאﷲ ﺑﻦ ﺣﺴﻦ אﺯ ﺣـﻀﺮﺕ ﺻـﺎﺩﻕ )ﻋﻠﯿـﻪ אﻟـﺴﻼﻡ( ﭘﺮﺳـﯿﺪﻧﺪ‪ ،‬אﻣـﺎﻡ )ﻋﻠﯿـﻪ אﻟـﺴﻼﻡ(‬ ‫‪ .١٤‬ﺭ‪.‬ک‪ :‬ﻫﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪ ،٢٤٠‬ﺡ ‪.٢‬‬ ‫‪ .١٥‬ﻫﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ ‪ ،١‬ﺹ ‪ ،٢٤‬ﺡ ‪.١‬‬ ‫‪ .١٦‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﯽ ﻣﻬﺪﻭیﺭאﺩ‪» ,‬ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶﮔﻮﻧﻪאی ﺩﺭ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ(«‪ ،‬ﻣﺠﻠﮥ ﺁﯾﻨﮥ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ‪ ,‬ﺵ ‪.٧٥‬‬ ‫‪ .١٧‬ﻭ ﯾُﺨﺒِﺮُﻫﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺑﯿﻬﺎ ﻭ ﻣﮑﺎﻧِﻪِ ﻭ ﯾُﺨﺒِﺮُﻫﺎ ﺑﻤﺎ ﯾَﮑﻮﻥُ ﺑَﻌﺪَﻫﺎ ﻓﯽ ﺫُﺭﯾﱠﺘِﻬﺎ ‪ ،...‬ﮐﻠﯿﻨﯽ‪ ،‬ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻦ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪ ٥٩‬ﻭ ‪٦٠‬؛ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ אﻟﺤﺴﻦ אﻟـﺼﻔﺎﺭ אﻟﻘﻤـﯽ ﻣﻌـﺮﻭﻑ ﺑـﻪ‬ ‫אﺑﻦﻓﺮﻭﺥ‪ ،‬ﺑﺼﺎﺋﺮ אﻟﺪﺭﺟﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻗﻢ‪ ,‬ﻣﮑﺘﺒﺔ ﺁﯾﺔאﷲ אﻟﻤﺮﻋﺸﯽ‪ ١٤٠٤ ،‬ﻫ‪ ،‬ﭼﺎپ אﻭﻝ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪.١٥٣‬‬ ‫‪ .١٨‬ﮐﻠﯿﻨﯽ‪ ،‬ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻦ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪٢٤٠‬؛ אﺑﻦﻓﺮﻭﺥ‪ ،‬ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻦ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪١٥٧‬؛ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﺎﻗﺮ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺗﻘﯽ אﻟﻤﺠﻠﺴﯽ‪ ،‬ﺑﺤﺎﺭ אﻻﻧﻮאﺭ אﻟﺠﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﻟﺪﺭﺭ ﺃﺧﺒﺎﺭ אﻷﺋﻤﺔ אﻷﻃﻬﺎﺭ ﻋﻠـﯿﻬﻢ‬ ‫אﻟﺴﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺩאﺭ אﺣﯿﺎﺀ אﻟﺘﺮאﺙ‪ ،‬ﺑﯿﺮﻭﺕ‪ ,‬ﺩאﺭ אﺣﯿﺎﺀ אﻟﺘﺮאﺙ‪ ١٤١٢ ،‬ﻫ‪ ،‬ﭼﺎپ אﻭﻝ‪ ،‬ﺝ ‪ ،٢٦‬ﺹ ‪٤٤‬؛ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻣﺤﺴﻦ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺮﺗﻀﯽ אﻟﻔـﯿﺾ אﻟﮑﺎﺷـﺎﻧﯽ‪ ،‬אﻟـﻮאﻓﯽ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺿﯿﺎﺀאﻟﺪﯾﻦ ﺣﺴﯿﻨﯽ אﺻﻔﻬﺎﻧﯽ‪ ،‬אﺻﻔﻬﺎﻥ‪ ,‬ﻣﮑﺘﺒﺔ אﻷﻣﺎﻡ אﻣﯿﺮאﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨﯿﻦ ﻋﻠﯽ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ אﻟﺴﻼﻡ‪ ١٤٠٦ ،‬ﻫ‪ ،‬ﭼﺎپ אﻭﻝ‪ ،‬ﺝ ‪ ،٣‬ﺹ ‪.٥٨٠‬‬ ‫‪ .١٩‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ אﻟﺤﺴﻦ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻠﯽ ﻓﺘّﺎﻝ ﻧﯿﺸﺎﺑﻮﺭی‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﺿﺔ אﻟﻮאﻋﻈﯿﻦ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺴﯿﻦ אﻻﻋﻠﻤﯽ‪ ،‬ﺑﯿـﺮﻭﺕ‪ ,‬ﻣﺆﺳـﺴﺔ אﻷﻋﻠﻤـﯽ‪ ١٤٠٦ ،‬ﻫ‪ ،‬ﭼـﺎپ אﻭﻝ‪ ،‬ﺝ ‪ ،١‬ﺹ‬ ‫‪٢١١‬؛ ﻣﺠﻠﺴﯽ‪ ،‬ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻦ‪ ،‬ﺝ ‪ ،٢٦‬ﺹ ‪.١٨‬‬ ‫‪ .٢٠‬ﮐﻠﯿﻨﯽ‪ ،‬ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻦ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪٢٤١‬؛ אﺑﻦﻓﺮﻭﺥ‪ ،‬ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻦ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪.١٣٨‬‬ ‫‪١٠‬‬

‫ﻓﺮﻣﻮﺩﻧﺪ‪ :‬ﻫﯿﭻ ﻧﺒﯽ‪ ،‬ﻭﺻﯽ ﻭ ﻣﻠﮑﯽ ﻧﯿﺴﺖ ﺟﺰ ﺁﻧﮑﻪ ﻧﺎﻣﺶ ﺩﺭ ﮐﺘﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻨﻮאﻥ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ ﻧﺰﺩ ﻣﻦ אﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺪאﻥ ﻧﮕﺮﯾـﺴﺘﻢ ﻭ‬ ‫‪٢١‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻧﺎﻡ »ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪאﷲ« ﺭא ﻧﺪﯾﺪﻡ‪.‬‬ ‫אﯾﻦ ﺷﺨﺺ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪאﷲ ﺑﻦ ﺣﺴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻣﺸﻬﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ »ﻧﻔﺲ ﺯﮐﯿﻪ« אﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯﮔﺎﺭ אﻣﺎﻡ ﺻﺎﺩﻕ )ﻋﻠﯿﻪ אﻟﺴﻼﻡ( ﻋﻠﯿﻪ ﺣﮑﻮﻣﺖ‬ ‫‪٢٢‬‬

‫ﺑﻨﯽﻋﺒﺎﺱ ﻗﯿﺎﻡ ﮐﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﺩﻣﺎﻥ ﺭא ﺑﻪ ﺑﯿﻌﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺧﻮﯾﺶ ﻓﺮא ﺧﻮאﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺮ אﺳﺎﺱ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ אﺯ ﺭﻭאﯾﺎﺕ‪ ،‬אﻣﺎﻡ ﺻﺎﺩﻕ )ﻋﻠﯿﻪ אﻟـﺴﻼﻡ( ﺭא ﻧﯿـﺰ ﺑـﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻌﺖ ﺩﻋﻮﺕ ﮐﺮﺩ‪ .‬אﻣﺎﻡ )ﻋﻠﯿﻪ אﻟﺴﻼﻡ( אﻭ ﺭא אﺯ ﺧﯿﺰﺵ ﻭ ﺭﻭﯾﺎﺭﻭﯾﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺣﮑﻮﻣﺖ ﻧﻬﯽ ﮐـﺮﺩ‪ ،‬אﻣـﺎ אﻭ ﻧﭙـﺬﯾﺮﻓﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻨـﺎﺑﺮאﯾﻦ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺭﻭﺯﮔـﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﮐﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮאی ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪאﷲ ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎﻩ ﻭﺻﺎﯾﺖ ﺭא ﺑﺎﻭﺭ ﺩאﺷﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ אﻣﺎﻡ )ﻋﻠﯿـﻪ אﻟـﺴﻼﻡ( ﺑـﺎ ﺗﻮﺟـﻪ ﺑـﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻓـﻀﺎ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺟـﻮאﺏ‬ ‫ﺳﺆאﻝﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺪאﻥﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﮐﻪ ﮔﺬﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺩאﺩﻩאﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪٤‬ـ ﯾﺎﺩﮐﺮﺩ ﺣﺎﮐﻤﺎﻥ‬

‫ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭאﯾﺘﯽ ﮐﻪ ﭘﯿﺶﺗﺮ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﯾﻢ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ אﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ ...‬ﻭَ אﻣﺎ ﻣُﺼﺤَﻒٌ ﻓﺎﻃِﻤَﺔَ‪ ،‬ﻓﻔﯿﻪِ ﻣﺎ ﯾَﮑﻮﻥُ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﺩﺙٍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺃﺳﻤﺎﺀُ ﻣَﻦ ﯾَﻤﻠِﮏُ ﺇﻟﯽ ﺃﻥ ﺗَﻘﻮﻡَ אﻟﺴﱠﺎﻋَﺔُ ‪....‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭאﯾﺖ ﻓﻀﯿﻞ ﺑﻦ ﺳﮑﺮﻩ אﺯ אﻣﺎﻡ ﺻﺎﺩﻕ )ﻋﻠﯿﻪ אﻟﺴﻼﻡ( ﻧﯿﺰ ﻫﻤﯿﻦ ﻣﻀﻤﻮﻥ ﺁﻣـﺪﻩ אﺳـﺖ‪ ،‬אﻣـﺎﻡ )ﻋﻠﯿـﻪ אﻟـﺴﻼﻡ( ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﻧﻘـﻞ אﺯ‬ ‫»ﮐﺘﺎﺏ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ« ﯾﺎﺩ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻧﻪ אﺯ »ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ«‪ ،‬אﻣﺎ ﺁﻫﻨﮓ ﮐﻼﻡ ﺗﻘﺮﯾﺒﺎً ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﺁﻫﻨﮓ ﺭﻭאﯾﺖ »ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺐ« אﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑـﺎ ﺗﮑﯿـﻪ ﺑـﺮ‬ ‫‪٢٤‬‬ ‫ﻧﻔﯽ ﻧﺎﻡ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪאﷲ ﺑﻦ ﺣﺴﻦ אﺯ ﺷﻤﺎﺭ אﻭﺻﯿﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺣﺎﮐﻤﺎﻥ ﺗﺼﺮﯾﺢ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪٢٣‬‬

‫‪٥‬ـ ﻭﺻﯿﺖ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ(‬

‫ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭאﯾﺎﺕ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩی אﺯ אﺷﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﺑﺮ »ﻭﺻﯿﺖ« ﺁﻥ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﻮאﺭ ﯾـﺎﺩ ﺷـﺪﻩ אﺳـﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺿـﻤﻦِ ﺭﻭאﯾـﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﻠﯿﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﻦ ﺧﺎﻟﺪ אﺯ אﻣﺎﻡ ﺻﺎﺩﻕ )ﻋﻠﯿﻪ אﻟﺴﻼﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺁﻣﺪﻩ אﺳﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫‪٢٥‬‬ ‫»‪ ...‬ﻭ ﻟِﯿُﺨﺮِﺟُﻮא ﻣُﺼﺤَﻒَ ﻓﺎﻃِﻤَﺔَ ﻓﺈﻥﱠ ﻓﯿﻪِ ﻭﺻﯿﱠﺔُ ﻓﺎﻃِﻤَﺔَ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ‪.«...‬‬ ‫אﮐﻨﻮﻥ ﺑﻨﮕﺮﯾﻢ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺮאﺩ אﺯ ﻭﺻﯿﺖ ﭼﯿﺴﺖ؟ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭאﯾﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﮥ אﻃﻬﺮ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( אﺯ ﺩﻭﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻭﺻﯿﺖ ﺳﺨﻦ ﺭﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫אﺳﺖ‪ :‬ﻭﺻﯿﺘﯽ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﺑﺎﻍ ﻭ ﻭﺻﯿﺘﯽ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭۀ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﯽ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩ ﺣﺎﮐﻤﯿﺖ ﺑـﺎ ﺁﻥ ﺣـﻀﺮﺕ ﻭ ﻣـﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻣـﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑـﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺮאﺳﻢ ﺗﺪﻓﯿﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﮔﻮﯾﺎ ﻣﺮאﺩ אﺯ ﻭﺻﯿﺖ ﻣﻮאﺭﺩ ﺫﮐﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺝ( ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪאی אﺯ אﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﻏﯿﺒﯽ‬

‫ﺯﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺳﯿﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﮔﯿﺮی אﻣﻮﯾﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪאﷲ ﺑﻦ אﻟﺤﺴﻦ ﺭא ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮאﻥ »אﻣﺎﻡ ﻣﻬﺪی« ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﮐﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪ ،‬אﻣـﺎﻡ ﺻـﺎﺩﻕ‬ ‫)ﻋﻠﯿﻪ אﻟﺴﻼﻡ( ﺑﺎ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔﺖ ﮐﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻮאﺏ ﮐﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺯﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﺭא ﺑﺮאی ﺣﮑﻮﻣﺖ אﻫﻞﺑﯿﺖ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﯽﺩﯾﺪﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﻣﻮﺩ‪:‬‬ ‫»ﻣﻦ ﺩﺭ ﮐﺘﺎﺏ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﮐﺮﺩﻡ ﻭ ﻫﯿﭻ ﭘﺎﺩﺷﺎﻫﯽ ﻧﯿﺴﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺣﮑﻮﻣﺖ ﮐﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﮕﺮ ﺁﻧﮑـﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻡ אﻭ ﻭ ﭘﺪﺭﺵ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﻧﮕﺎﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ אﺳﺖ؛ אﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﻣﯽ אﺯ ﻓﺮﺯﻧﺪאﻥ אﻣﺎﻡ ﺣﺴﻦ )ﻋﻠﯿـﻪ אﻟـﺴﻼﻡ(‬ ‫‪٢٦‬‬ ‫ﻧﺪﯾﺪﻡ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺣﮑﻮﻣﺖ ﺑﺮﺳﻨﺪ‪«.‬‬ ‫‪ .٢١‬אﺑﻮﺟﻌﻔﺮ ﺭﺷﯿﺪאﻟﺪﯾﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻠﯽ ﺑﻦ ﺷﻬﺮﺁﺷﻮﺏ אﻟﻤﺎﺯﻧﺪﺭאﻧﯽ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺐ ﺁﻝ אﺑﯽﻃﺎﻟﺐ )ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺐ אﺑﻦ ﺷﻬﺮﺁﺷﻮﺏ(‪ ،‬ﻗﻢ‪ ,‬אﻟﻤﻄﺒﻌـﺔ אﻟﻌﻠﻤﯿـﻪ‪ ،‬ﺝ ‪ ،٣‬ﺹ ‪٣٧٣‬؛‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺴﯽ‪ ،‬ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻦ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪.٣٢‬‬ ‫‪ .٢٢‬ﮐﻠﯿﻨﯽ‪ ،‬ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻦ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪.٣٥٨‬‬ ‫‪ .٢٣‬ﻓﺘّﺎﻝ ﻧﯿﺸﺎﺑﻮﺭی‪ ،‬ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻦ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪٢١١‬؛ ﻣﺠﻠﺴﯽ‪ ،‬ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻦ‪ ،‬ﺝ ‪ ،٢‬ﺹ ‪.١٨‬‬ ‫‪ .٢٤‬אﺑﻮאﻟﺤﺴﻦ ﻋﻠﯽ ﺑﻦ אﻟﺤﺴﯿﻦ ﺑﻦ ﺑﺎﺑﻮﯾﻪ ﻗﻤّﯽ‪ ،‬אﻷﻣﺎﻣﺔ ﻭ אﻟﺘﺒﺼﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ אﻟﺤﯿﺮﻩ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺭﺿﺎ ﺣﺴﯿﻨﯽ‪ ،‬ﻗﻢ‪ ,‬ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ ﺁﻝ אﻟﺒﯿﺖ‪ ١٤٠٧ ،‬ﻫ‪ ،‬ﭼـﺎپ אﻭﻝ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺹ ‪ =) ٥٠‬ﺹ ‪ ،١٨٠‬ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺟﻼﻟﯽ(؛ ﮐﻠﯿﻨﯽ‪ ،‬ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻦ‪ ،‬ﺝ ‪ ،١‬ﺹ ‪٢٤٢‬؛ ﺷﯿﺦ ﺻﺪﻭﻕ‪ ،‬ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻦ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪٢٠٧‬؛ ﻓﯿﺾ ﮐﺎﺷﺎﻧﯽ‪ ،‬ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻦ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪.٥٨٤‬‬ ‫‪ .٢٥‬אﺑﻦﻓﺮﻭﺥ‪ ،‬ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻦ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪ ١٥٧‬ﻭ ‪١٥٨‬؛ ﮐﻠﯿﻨﯽ‪ ،‬ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻦ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪٢٤١‬؛ ﻓﯿﺾ ﮐﺎﺷﺎﻧﯽ‪ ،‬ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻦ‪ ،‬ﺝ ‪ ،٣‬ﺹ ‪٥٨٣‬؛ ﻣﺠﻠﺴﯽ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﺁﺓ אﻟﻌﻘـﻮﻝ ﻓـﯽ ﺷـﺮﺡ ﺃﺧﺒـﺎﺭ ﺁﻝ‬ ‫אﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ אﻟﺴﯿﺪ ﻫﺎﺷﻢ אﻟﺮﺳﻮﻟﯽ אﻟﻤﺤﻠّﺎﺗﯽ‪ ،‬ﺗﻬﺮאﻥ‪ ,‬ﺩאﺭ אﻟﮑﺘﺐ אﻷﺳﻼﻣﯿﻪ‪ ١٤٠٤ ،‬ﻫ‪ ،‬ﭼﺎپ אﻭﻝ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،٣‬ﺹ‪.٥٨‬‬

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‫ﻧﮑﺘﻪ‬

‫ﺑﻌﻀﯽ אﺯ אﻫﻞ ﺳﻨﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻗﺮﺁﻥ ﺭא ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎﻡ »ﻣﺼﺤﻒ« ﻣﯽﺷﻨﺎﺳﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻐﺮﺿﺎﻧﻪ ﯾﺎ ﻧﺎﺁﮔﺎﻫﺎﻧﻪ ﺳﻌﯽ ﺩﺭ אﻟﻘﺎی אﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﻠﺐ ﺩאﺭﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻘﺼﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺷﯿﻌﯿﺎﻥ אﺯ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﯾﺎ ﺻﺤﯿﻔﮥ אﻣﺎﻡ ﻋﻠﯽ )ﻋﻠﯿﻪ אﻟﺴﻼﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻗﺮﺁﻥ ﺧﺎﺻﯽ אﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑـﺎ ﻗـﺮﺁﻥ ﻣـﺸﻬﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺎﻧﺎﻥ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺩאﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﭘﯽ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬אﺗﻬﺎﻡ ﺗﺤﺮﯾﻒ ﻗـﺮﺁﻥ‪ ٢٧‬ﺭא ﻣﻄـﺮﺡ ﻣـﯽﻧﻤﺎﯾﻨـﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤـﯿﻦ ﺯﻣﯿﻨـﻪ‪ ،‬אﻣـﺎﻡ ﺻـﺎﺩﻕ )ﻋﻠﯿـﻪ אﻟـﺴﻼﻡ(‬ ‫‪٢٨‬‬ ‫ﻣﯽﻓﺮﻣﺎﯾﺪ‪» :‬ﺑﻪ ﺧﺪא ﺳﻮﮔﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﯾﮏ ﺣﺮﻑ ﻫﻢ אﺯ ﻗﺮﺁﻥ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﻧﯿﺴﺖ‪«.‬‬ ‫ﺷﺎﯾﺎﻥ ﺫﮐﺮ אﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻋﻨﻮאﻥ »ﻣﺼﺤﻒ« ﺩﺭ ﻟﻐﺖ ﻭ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﻋﺮﺏ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﺎﺭی ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﮑﻞ ﮐﺘﺎﺏ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻣﯿـﺎﻥ ﺩﻭ ﺟﻠـﺪ ﻗـﺮאﺭ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬אﻃﻼﻕ ﻣﯽﺷﺪﻩ אﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻫﺮﮔﺰ ﻧﺒﺎﯾﺪ ﭘﻨﺪאﺷﺖ ﮐﻪ אﯾﻦ ﻋﻨﻮאﻥ ﺑﺎ אﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮאی ﻧﮕﺎﺷـﺘﻪﻫـﺎی ﻗﺮﺁﻧـﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﻨـﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﻋﺒﺪאﷲ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺴﻌﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﻋﺎﯾﺸﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺼﺤﻒ אُﺑﯽ ﺑﻦ ﮐﻌﺐ ﻭ ‪ ....‬ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺭ ﻣﯽﺭﻓﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﺴﻮ אﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻧﯿﺰ ﻧﻤـﯽﺗـﻮאﻥ ﺑـﺮ אﺳـﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﻧﻘﻠﻬﺎ‪ ،‬אﯾﻦ אﺗﻬﺎﻡ ﮐﻬﻨﻪ ﻭ ﺑﯽאﺳﺎﺱ ﺭא ﻋﻠﯿﻪ ﺷﯿﻌﻪ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﮐﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺷﯿﻌﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﻭﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺗﺤﺮﯾـﻒ ﻗـﺮﺁﻥ ﻭ אﺯ ﺑـﯿﻦ‬ ‫‪٢٩‬‬ ‫ﺭﻓﺘﻦ ﺑﺨﺸﯽ אﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ אﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩ( ﻭﺩﯾﻌﮥ אﻣﺎﻣﺖ‬

‫ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮאﻥ ﯾﮑﯽ אﺯ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻋﻠﻢ אﺋﻤﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ אﻣﺎﻧﺖ ﻧﺰﺩ אﯾﺸﺎﻥ ﻧﮕﻬﺪאﺭی ﻭ אﺯ ﻣﯿـﺮאﺙ אﻣﺎﻣـﺖ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺮﺩﻩ ﻣﯽﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺭﻭאﯾﺘﻬﺎی ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﯽ אﺯ אﺋﻤﮥ אﻃﻬﺎﺭ )ﻋﻠﯿﻪ אﻟﺴﻼﻡ( ﺭﺳﯿﺪﻩ אﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ אﯾﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﭘﯿﺸﺎﻣﺪﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺭﻭﯾﺪאﺩﻫﺎی ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑـﻪ אﯾـﻦ‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﺮאﺟﻌﻪ ﮐﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ אﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﻣﯽﺟﺴﺘﻪאﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﮐﺘﺐ ﺣﺪﯾﺜﯽ ﺷﯿﻌﻪ ﻧﯿﺰ ﮔﺰאﺭﺷﻬﺎﯾﯽ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ אﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﯽﺩﻫﺪ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ אﺯ ﺑﺰﺭﮔـﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺷﯿﻌﻪ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﻓﯿﻖ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪۀ אﯾﻦ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﺭא ﺩאﺷﺘﻪאﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺗﻘﺪﯾﺮ‪ ،‬אﯾﻦ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮאﻥ ﻭﺩﯾﻌﻪ ﻭ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﮥ אﻣﺎﻣﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺖ אﻣـﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﺼﺮ )ﻋﻠﯿﻪ אﻟﺴﻼﻡ( ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ אﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫ( ﺣﺠﻢ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ‬

‫ﻃﺒﻖ ﺑﯿﺎﻥ אﻣﺎﻡ ﺻﺎﺩﻕ )ﻋﻠﯿﻪ אﻟﺴﻼﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﺑﺴﯿﺎﺭ ﻣﻔﺼﻞ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺣـﺪﻭﺩאً ﺳـﻪ ﺑﺮאﺑـﺮ ﻗـﺮﺁﻥ‬ ‫אﺳﺖ‪ .‬אﻣﺎﻡ ﺻﺎﺩﻕ )ﻋﻠﯿﻪ אﻟﺴﻼﻡ( ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺆאﻻﺕ אﺑﯽﺑﺼﯿﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ‪ ،‬ﻣﯽﻓﺮﻣﺎﯾـﺪ‪» :‬ﻣـﺼﺤﻒ ﻓﺎﻃﻤـﻪ )ﺳـﻼﻡ אﷲ‬ ‫‪٣٠‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ(‪ ،‬ﺳﻪ ﺑﺮאﺑﺮ אﯾﻦ ﻗﺮﺁﻥ ﺷﻤﺎﺳﺖ«‪.‬‬

‫ﺩ( ﺳﯿﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺁﺧﺮ אﺯ ﺭﻭאﯾﺎﺕ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( אﺣﺎﺩﯾﺜﯽ אﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ אﺯ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻭ ﺳﯿﺮۀ ﻋﻤﻠﯽ ﺁﻥ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮאﻥ ﯾﮑـﯽ אﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺼﻮﻣﯿﻦ )ﻋﻠﯿﻬﻢ אﻟﺴﻼﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻧﻘﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ אﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻣﯽﺩאﻧﯿﻢ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮ ﻃﺒﻖ אﺻﻮﻝ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﭘﺬﯾﺮﺵ ﺷـﯿﻌﻪ‪ ،‬ﮐﻠﯿـﮥ אﻓﻌـﺎﻝ ﻭ אﻋﻤـﺎﻝ ﻣﻌـﺼﻮﻣﯿﻦ‬ ‫)ﻋﻠﯿﻬﻢ אﻟﺴﻼﻡ( ﺑﺮאی ﺩﯾﮕﺮאﻥ ﺣﺠﯿﺖ ﺩאﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻓﻘﻬﺎ ﻣﯽﺗﻮאﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﺮאی אﺳﺘﺨﺮאﺝ אﺣﮑﺎﻡ אﻟﻬﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ אﺳﺘﻨﺎﺩ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪» .٢٦‬ﮐﻨﺖُ ﺃﻧﻈُﺮُ ﻓﯽ ﮐﺘﺎﺏِ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﺔَ‪ ،‬ﻓَﻠَﯿﺲَ ﻣِﻠﮏ ﯾَﻤﻠِﮏ ﺇﻟّﺎ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣَﮑﺘﻮﺏٌ ﻓﯿﻪ ﺑِﺎﺳﻤِﻪِ ﻭ אﺳﻢِ ﺃﺑﯿﻪِ ﻓَﻤﺎ ﻭَﺟَﺪﺕُ ﻟِﻮُﻟﺪِ אﻟﺤَﺴَﻦِ ﻓﯿﻪِ ﺷﯿﺌﺎً«؛ אﺑﻦﻓﺮﻭﺥ‪ ،‬ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‬ ‫‪ ،١٦٩‬ﺡ ‪٣‬؛ ﮐﻠﯿﻨﯽ‪ ،‬ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻦ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪.٤٥٨‬‬ ‫‪ .٢٧‬ﺭ‪.‬ک‪ :‬אﮐﺮﻡ ﺑﺮﮐﺎﺕ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ‪ ،‬ﺣﻘﯿﻘﺔ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ אﻟﺸﯿﻌﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﯿﺮﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﺩאﺭ אﻟﺼﻔﻮﻩ‪ ١٤١٨ ،‬ﻫ‪ ،‬ﻧﻮﯾﺴﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ אﯾﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺷﺒﻬﺎﺕ אﻫﻞ ﺳﻨﺖ‪ ،‬ﭘﺎﺳﺦ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺩאﺩﻩ אﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪» .٢٨‬ﻭَ אﷲِ ﻣﺎ ﻓﯿﻪِ ﻣِﻦ ﻗﺮﺁﻧِﮑﻢ ﺣَﺮﻑٌ ﻭאﺣﺪٌ«؛ ﮐﻠﯿﻨﯽ‪ ،‬ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻦ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪ ،٢٣٩‬ﺡ ‪.١‬‬ ‫‪ .٢٩‬ﺑﺮﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ אﺯ‪» :‬ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶﮔﻮﻧﻪאی ﺩﺭ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ(«‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﯽ ﻣﻬﺪﻭیﺭאﺩ‪ ،‬ﻣﺠﻠﮥ ﺁﯾﻨﮥ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ‪ ،‬ﺵ ‪.٧٥‬‬ ‫‪» .٣٠‬ﻣُﺼﺤَﻒٌ ﻓﯿﻪ ﻣِﺜﻞِ ﻗﺮﺁﻧِﮑﻢ ﻫﺬא‪ ،‬ﺛﻼﺙُ ﻣَﺮّאﺕٍ«؛ ﮐﻠﯿﻨﯽ‪ ،‬ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻦ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪ ،٢٣٩‬ﺡ ‪.١‬‬

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‫אﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻧﻘﻠﻬﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ אﺯ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻭ ﺳﯿﺮۀ ﻋﻤﻠﯽ אﻫﻞﺑﯿﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺭﺳﯿﺪﻩ אﺳﺖ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ אﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎﻁ אﺣﮑﺎﻡ ﺷﺮﻋﯽ ﻧﯿـﺴﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻠﮑـﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﯿﺎﺭی אﺯ אﯾﻦ אﺣﺎﺩﯾﺚ ﻋﻤﻠﯽ‪ ،‬ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮאﻥ אﺳﻮﻩ ﻭ אﻟﮕﻮﯾﯽ ﻧﯿﮏ ﺑﺮאی ﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ ﯾﺎﺩﮔﺎﺭ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑـﻪ ﻣـﺴﺎﯾﻞ ﻋﺒـﺎﺩی ﻭ אﺧﻼﻗـﯽ ﻣﺮﺑـﻮﻁ‬ ‫אﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ‬

‫ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﺩﺭ ﻧﻤﺎﺯ‪ ،‬אﺯ ﺗﺮﺱ ﺧﺪאی ﺗﻌﺎﻟﯽ ﻧﻔﺲ ﻧﻔﺲ ﻣﯽﺯﺩ‪.‬‬

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‫ﺷﺎﮔﺮﺩאﻥ )ﺭאﻭﯾﺎﻥ(‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﯿﺎﻥ ﺷﺎﮔﺮﺩאﻥ ﻭ ﺭאﻭﯾﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ אﺯ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ(‪ ،‬ﺭﻭאﯾﺖ ﻧﻘﻞ ﮐﺮﺩﻩאﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻣﻬﺎﯾﯽ ﭼﻮﻥ אﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺑﻨﺖ ﻋﻤﯿﺲ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺯﯾﻨﺐ ﺑﻨﺖ אﺑﯽﺭאﻓﻊ‪ ،‬ﺳﻠﻤﺎﻥ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﯽ‪ ،‬ﺟﺎﺑﺮ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪאﷲ אﻧﺼﺎﺭی ﻭ ﻋﺒﺪאﷲ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎﺱ ﺑﺮ ﻣﯽﺧﻮﺭﯾﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺷﺎﯾﺎﻥ ﺫﮐﺮ אﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ אﺣﺎﺩﯾﺚ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ(‪ ،‬אﺯ ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﻓﺮﺯﻧﺪאﻥ אﯾﺸﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻣﺎ ﺭﺳﯿﺪﻩ אﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .٣١‬ﮐﺎﻧﺖ ﻓﺎﻃِﻤَﺔُ )ﺳﻼﻡُ אﷲِ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﺗَﻨﻬَﺞُ ﻓﯽ אﻟﺼﱠﻼﺓِ ﻣِﻦ ﺧﯿﻔَﺔِ אﷲِ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﯽ؛ אﺣﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻓﻬﺪ אﻟﺤﻠّﯽ‪ ،‬ﻋﺪّﺓ אﻟﺪאﻋﯽ ﻭ ﻧﺠﺎﺓ אﻟﺴﺎﻋﯽ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ אﺣﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺣّﺪی‪ ،‬ﺗﻬﺮאﻥ‪ ,‬ﻣﮑﺘﺒﺔ ﻭﺟﺪאﻧﯽ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪.١٣٨‬‬ ‫‪١٣‬‬

‫ﺿﻤﯿﻤﮥ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﯽ ﺷﻤﺎﺭۀ ‪١‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎﺏﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ אﺣﺎﺩﯾﺚ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ(‬

‫ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭۀ ﺭﻭאﯾﺎﺕ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ(‪ ،‬ﮐﺘﺎﺑﻬﺎی ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎً ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻋﯽ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ אﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﯽﺗﻮאﻥ אﺯ ﮐﺘﺐ ﺯﯾﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮאﻥ ﻧﻤﻮﻧـﻪ‬ ‫ﯾﺎﺩ ﮐﺮﺩ‪:‬‬ ‫‪١‬ـ ﻣﺴﻨﺪ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ(‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺪאﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺳﯿﻮﻃﯽ )ﻡ ‪ ٩١١‬ﻫ ‪ .‬ﻕ( אﺯ ﻋﻠﻤﺎی אﻫﻞ ﺳﻨﺖ؛‬ ‫‪٢‬ـ ﻣﺴﻨﺪ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﺔ אﻟﺰﻫﺮאﺀ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ(‪ ،‬ﺷﯿﺦ ﻋﺰﯾﺰאﷲ ﻋﻄﺎﺭﺩی؛‬ ‫‪٣‬ـ ﻣﺴﻨﺪ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﺔ אﻟﺰﻫﺮאﺀ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ(‪ ،‬ﺳﯿﺪ ﺣﺴﯿﻦ ﺷﯿﺦאﻻﺳﻼﻣﯽ؛‬ ‫‪٤‬ـ ﻣﺴﻨﺪ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ(‪ ،‬ﻣﻬﺪی ﺟﻌﻔﺮی؛‬ ‫‪٥‬ـ ﻋﻮאﻟﻢ אﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ‪ ،‬ﺑﺨﺶ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ(‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﺣﻮﻡ ﺑﺤﺮאﻧﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮאﻩ ﻣﺴﺘﺪﺭﮐﺎﺕ אﺑﻄﺤﯽ אﺻﻔﻬﺎﻧﯽ‪ ٢ ،‬ﻣﺠﻠﺪ؛‬ ‫‪٦‬ـ ﻧﻬﺞ אﻟﺤﯿﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﮥ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﯽ ﺳﺨﻨﺎﻥ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ(‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﺣﻮﻡ ﺩﺷﺘﯽ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺫﮐﺮ אﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﭘﻨﺞ ﮐﺘﺎﺏ אﻭﻝ‪ ،‬ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺫﮐﺮ ﺭﻭאﯾﺎﺕ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ(‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺑﯿﺎﻥ ﺗﺎﺭﯾﺦ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﯽ אﯾﺸﺎﻥ ﻧﯿـﺰ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﺩאﺧﺘﻪאﻧﺪ؛ אﺯ אﯾﻦ ﺭﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ ﻣﺸﻬﻮﺭ אﺯ »ﮐﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﺴﻨﺪ« ﻣﻘﺪאﺭی ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺩאﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺿﻤﯿﻤﮥ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﯽ ﺷﻤﺎﺭۀ ‪٢‬‬ ‫ﺃَﻧﱠﻪُ ﻟَﻤّﺎ ﺃﺟﻤَﻊَ ﺃﺑﻮﺑﮑﺮٍ ﻭ ﻋُﻤﺮُ ﻋﻠﯽ ﻣَﻨﻊِ ﻓﺎﻃِﻤَﺔَ )ﺳﻼﻡُ אﷲُ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﻓَﺪَﮐ ًﺎ ﻭ ﺑَﻠَﻐَﻬﺎ ﺫﻟﮏ‪ ،‬ﻻﺛَﺖ ﺧِﻤﺎﺭَﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﯽ ﺭَﺃﺳِﻬﺎ ﻭ אﺷـﺘَﻤَﻠَﺖ ﺑِﺠِﻠﺒﺎﺑِﻬـﺎ‪ ,‬ﻭ‬ ‫ﺃَﻗﺒَﻠَﺖ ﻓﯽ ﻟُﻤﱠﺔٍ ﻣِﻦ ﺣَﻔَﺪَﺗِﻬﺎ ﻭ ﻧَﺴَﺎﺀِ ﻗَﻮﻣِﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗَﻄَﺄُ ﺫُﯾُﻮﻟَﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎ ﺗَﺨﺮُﻡُ ﻣِﺸﯿَﺘُﻬﺎ ﻣِﺸﯿﺔَ ﺭﺳﻮﻝِ אﷲِ )ﺻﻠﯽ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻪِ ﻭ ﺁﻟﻪِ(‪ ،‬ﺣَﺘّـﯽ ﺩَﺧَﻠَـﺖ ﻋﻠـﯽ‬ ‫ﺃﺑﯽﺑَﮑﺮٍ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻓﯽ ﺣَﺸﺪٍ ﻣِﻦ אﻟﻤُﻬﺎﺟﺮﯾﻦَ ﻭ אﻷﻧﺼﺎﺭِ ﻭ ﻏَﯿﺮِﻫِﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓَﻨﯿﻄَﺖ ﺩُﻭﻧَﻬﺎ ﻣُﻼﺀَﺓٌ ﻓَﺠَﻠَﺴَﺖ‪ ،‬ﺛُﻢﱠ ﺃﻧﱠﺖ ﺃَﻧﱠﺔً ﺃَﺟﻬَـﺶَ אﻟﻘَـﻮﻡُ ﻟﻬـﺎ ﺑِﺎﻟﺒُﮑـﺎﺀِ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻓَﺎﺭﺗَﺞﱠ אﻟﻤَﺠﻠِﺲُ‪ ،‬ﺛُﻢﱠ ﺃُﻣﻬِﻠَﺖ ﻫَﻨﯿﺌَﺔً‪ .‬ﺣﺘّﯽ ﺇﺫא ﺳَﮑَﻦَ ﻧَﺸﯿﺞُ אﻟﻘَﻮﻡِ ﻭ ﻫَﺪَﺃَﺕ ﻓَﻮﺭَﺗُﻬُﻢ‪ ،‬ﺇِﻓﺘَﺘَﺤَﺖِ אﻟﮑﻼﻡَ ﺑِﺤﻤﺪِ אﷲِ ﻭ אﻟﺜﱠﻨـﺎﺀِ ﻋَﻠﯿـﻪِ ﻭ אﻟـﺼﱠﻼﺓِ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﯽ ﺭﺳﻮﻟِﻪِ‪ ،‬ﻓَﻌﺎﺩَ אﻟﻘَﻮﻡُ ﻓﯽ ﺑُﮑﺎﺋِﻬِﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓَﻠَﻤﱠﺎ ﺃَﻣﺴَﮑُﻮא‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺩَﺕ ﻓﯽ ﮐَﻼﻣِﻬﺎ ﻓَﻘﺎﻟَﺖ )ﺳﻼﻡُ אﷲِ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ(‪:‬‬ ‫אﻟﺤَﻤﺪُﷲِ ﻋﻠﯽ ﻣﺎ ﺃَﻧﻌَﻢَ ﻭ ﻟَﻪُ אﻟﺸﱡﮑﺮُ ﻋﻠﯽ ﻣﺎ ﺃَﻟﻬَﻢَ‪ ،‬ﻭ אﻟﺜﱠﻨﺎﺀُ ﺑِﻤـﺎ ﻗَـﺪﱠﻡَ‪ ،‬ﻣِـﻦ ﻋُﻤـﻮﻡِ ﻧِﻌَـﻢٍ אﺑﺘَـﺪَﺃَﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺳُـﺒُﻮﻍِ ﺁﻻﺀٍ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺪאﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺗَﻤﺎﻡِ ﻣِﻨَﻦٍ ﻭَאﻻﻫﺎ‪ ...‬ﻓَﺠَﻌَﻞَ אﷲُ אﻹﯾﻤﺎﻥَ ﺗَﻄﻬﯿﺮאً ﻟَﮑُﻢ ﻣِﻦ אﻟﺸﱢﺮکِ ﻭ אﻟﺼﱠﻼﺓَ ﺗَﻨﺰﯾﻬﺎً ﻟَﮑﻢ ﻋـﻦِ אﻟﮑِﺒـﺮِ ﻭ‬ ‫אﻟﺰﱠﮐﺎﺓَ ﺗَﺰﮐﯿﺔً ﻟِﻠﻨﱠﻔﺲِ ﻭ ﻧَﻤﺎﺀً ﻓِﯽ אﻟﺮﱢﺯﻕِ ﻭ אﻟﺼﱢﯿﺎﻡَ ﺗَﺜﺒﯿﺘﺎً ﻟِﻺﺧـﻼﺹِ ﻭ אﻟﺤَـﺞﱠ ﺗَـﺸﯿﯿﺪאً ﻟِﻠـﺪّﯾﻦِ ﻭ אﻟﻌَـﺪﻝَ ﺗَﻨـﺴﯿﻘﺎً‬ ‫ﻟِﻠﻘُﻠُﻮﺏِ ﻭ ﻃﺎﻋَﺘَﻨﺎ ﻧِﻈﺎﻣﺎً ﻟِﻠﻤِﻠﱠﺔِ ﻭ ﺇﻣﺎﻣَﺘَﻨﺎ ﺃﻣﺎﻧﺎً ﻟﻠﻔُﺮﻗَﺔِ ﻭ אﻟﺠِﻬﺎﺩَ ﻋﺰّאً ﻟِﻺﺳـﻼﻡِ ﻭ אﻟـﺼﱠﺒﺮَ ﻣَﻌُﻮﻧَـﺔً ﻋَﻠـﯽ אﺳـﺘﯿﺠﺎﺏِ‬ ‫אﻷﺟﺮِ‪ .‬ﺃَﯾﱡﻬﺎ אﻟﻤُﺴﻠﻤﻮﻥَ‪ ،‬ﺃَﻏُﻠِﺐَ ﻋَﻠﯽ ﺇِﺭﺛﯽ؟! ﯾﺎﺑﻦَ ﺃﺑﯽﻗُﺤﺎﻓَﺔَ‪ ،‬ﺃﻓﯽ ﮐﺘﺎﺏِ אﷲِ ﺗَـﺮِﺙُ ﺃَﺑـﺎکَ ﻭ ﻻ ﺃَﺭﺙُ ﺃﺑـﯽ؟! ﻟَﻘـﺪ‬ ‫ﺟﺌﺖَ ﺷَﯿﺌﺎً ﻓﺮﯾّﺎً‪ ،‬ﺃﻓَﻌﻠَﯽ ﻋﻤﺪٍ ﺗَﺮَﮐﺘُﻢ ﮐﺘﺎﺏَ אﷲِ ﻭ ﻧَﺒَﺬﺗُﻤُﻮﻩ ﻭَﺭﺁﺀَ ﻇُﻬﻮﺭِﮐﻢ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫ ﯾﻘﻮﻝُ‪﴿ :‬ﻭَ ﻭَﺭِﺙ ﺳـﻠﯿﻤﺎﻥُ ﺩאﻭُﻭﺩ﴾‪،‬‬ ‫)ﻧﻤﻞ‪ (١٦ /‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﻓﯿﻤَﺎ אﻗﺘَﺺﱠ ﻣِﻦ ﺧَﺒَﺮِ ﺯَﮐﺮﯾﺎ ﺇﺫ ﻗﺎﻝَ‪﴿ :‬ﻓَﻬَـﺐ ﻟـﯽ ﻣِـﻦ ﻟَـﺪُﻧﮏ ﻭﻟﯿـﺎً ﯾﺮِﺛُﻨـﯽ ﻭ ﯾـﺮِﺙُ ﻣِـﻦ ﺁﻝِ‬ ‫ﯾَﻌﻘﻮﺏَ﴾ )ﻣﺮﯾﻢ‪ (٦ /‬ﻭ ﻗﺎﻝَ‪﴿ :‬ﻭَ ﺃﻭﻟﻮא אﻷﺭﺣﺎﻡِ ﺑَﻌﻀُﻬﻢ ﺃﻭﻟﯽ ﺑﺒَﻌﺾٍ ﻓﯽ ﮐﺘﺎﺏِ אﷲِ﴾ )אﺣﺰאﺏ‪ ... (٦ /‬ﻭ ﺯَﻋَﻤـﺘُﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﺣَﻈﻮَﺓَ ﻟﯽ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻻ ﺃﺭِﺙُ ﻣِﻦ ﺃﺑﯽ ﻭ ﻻ ﺭَﺣِﻢَ ﺑَﯿﻨَﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺃﻓَﺨَﺼﱠﮑﻢُ אﷲُ ﺑِﺂﯾﺔٍ ﺃﺧَﺮﺝَ ﺃﺑﯽ ﻣِﻨﻬﺎ؟! ﺃﻡ ﻫﻞ ﺗَﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ‪ :‬ﺇﻥﱠ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﻞَ ﻣِﻠّﺘَﯿﻦِ ﻻ ﯾَﺘَﻮאﺭَﺛﺎﻥ؟! ﺃﻭَ ﻟﺴﺖُ ﺃﻧَﺎ ﻭَ ﺃﺑﯽ ﻣِﻦ ﺃﻫﻞِ ﻣِﻠﱠﺔٍ ﻭאﺣِﺪﺓٍ؟! ﺃﻡ ﺃﻧﺘُﻢ ﺃﻋﻠﻢُ ﺑِﺨُﺼﻮﺹ אﻟﻘـﺮﺁﻥِ ﻭ ﻋُﻤﻮﻣِـﻪِ‬ ‫ﻣِﻦ ﺃﺑﯽ ﻭ אﺑﻦِ ﻋَﻤّﯽ؟! ﻓَﺪﻭﻧَﮑﻬﺎ ﻣَﺨﻄُﻮﻣَﺔٌ ﻣَﺮﺣُﻮﻟَﺔٌ ﺗَﻠﻘﺎکَ ﯾﻮﻡَ ﺣَﺸﺮِک‪ .‬ﻓَـﻨِﻌﻢَ אﻟﺤَﮑـﻢُ אﷲُ ﻭ אﻟـﺰﱠﻋﯿﻢُ ﻣُﺤﻤّـﺪٌ ﻭ‬ ‫אﻟﻤَﻮﻋﺪُ אﻟﻘِﯿﺎﻣَﺔُ ﻭ ﻋِﻨﺪَ אﻟﺴّﺎﻋﺔِ ﯾَﺨﺴَﺮُ אﻟﻤُﺒﻄِﻠﻮﻥ ﻭ ﻻ ﯾَﻨﻔَﻌُﮑُﻢ ﺇﺫ ﺗَﻨﺪِﻣﻮﻥ ﻭ ﻟِﮑُﻞﱢ ﻧَﺒﺈٍ ﻣُـﺴﺘﻘﺮﱞ ﻭ ﻟَـﺴَﻮﻑَ ﺗَﻌﻠﻤـﻮﻥَ‬ ‫ﻣَﻦ ﯾَﺄﺗﯿﻪِ ﻋَﺬאﺏٌ ﯾُﺨﺰﯾِﻪِ ﻭ ﯾَﺤِﻞﱡ ﻋَﻠﯿﻪ ﻋﺬאﺏٌ ﻣُﻘﯿﻢٌ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﯾﺎﻥ ﺧﻄﺒﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﺭﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮی ﻗﺒﺮ ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺒﺮ )ﺻﻠﯽ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ ﻭ ﺁﻟﻪ( ﮐﺮﺩ ﻭ ﻓﺮﻣﻮﺩ‪:‬‬ ‫‪١٤‬‬

‫ﻗَﺪ ﮐﺎﻥَ ﺑَﻌﺪَکَ ﺃﻧﺒَﺎﺀٌ ﻭ ﻫَﻨﺒَﺜَﺔٌ ﻟﻮ ﮐﻨﺖَ ﺷﺎﻫِﺪَﻫﺎ ﻟﻢ ﺗَﮑﺜِﺮ אﻟﺨُﻄَﺐُ ﺇﻧّﺎ ﻓَﻘَﺪﻧﺎک ﻓَﻘﺪَ אﻷﺭﺽِ ﻭאﺑِﻠَﻬﺎ ﻭ אﺧﺘَﻞﱠ ﻗَﻮﻣُـﮏ‬ ‫‪٣٢‬‬ ‫ﺕ ﺻﺎﺩﻓَﻨﺎ ﻟﻤﱠّﺎ ﻣﻀَﯿﺖَ ﻭ ﺣﺎﻟَﺖ ﺩﻭﻧَﮏ אﻟﮑُﺘُﺐُ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓَﺎﺷﻬَﺪﻫُﻢ ﻭ ﻻ ﺗَﻐِﺐ‪...‬ﻓﻠَﯿﺖَ ﻗَﺒﻠَﮏَ ﮐﺎﻥ אﻟﻤَﻮ ُ‬

‫ﺿﻤﯿﻤﮥ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﯽ ﺷﻤﺎﺭۀ ‪٣‬‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺧﻄﺒﮥ ﻓﺪﮐﯿﻪ‪:‬‬ ‫‪١‬ـ ﺑﻼﻏﺎﺕ אﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ‪ ،‬אﺑﻦﻃﯿﻔﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻗﺮﻥ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪١٤‬؛‬ ‫‪٢‬ـ ﺩﻻﺋﻞ אﻷﻣﺎﻣﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺟﺮﯾﺮ ﻃﺒﺮی‪ ،‬ﻗﺮﻥ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪١١١‬؛‬ ‫‪٣‬ـ אﺣﺘﺠﺎﺝ‪ ،‬אﺣﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻠﯽ אﻟﻄﺒﺮﺳﯽ‪ ،‬ﻗﺮﻥ ﺷﺸﻢ‪ ،‬ﺝ ‪ ،١‬ﺹ ‪٣١٢‬؛‬ ‫‪٤‬ـ ﮐﺸﻒ אﻟﻐﻤﻪ‪ ،‬אﺑﻦ אﺑﯽאﻟﻔﺘﺢ אﻷﺭﺑﻠﯽ‪ ،‬ﻗﺮﻥ ﻫﻔﺘﻢ‪ ،‬ﺝ ‪ ،٢‬ﺹ ‪١٠٨‬؛‬ ‫‪٥‬ـ ﺷﺮﺡ ﻧﻬﺞ אﻟﺒﻼﻏﻪ؛ אﺑﻦ אﺑﯽאﻟﺤﺪﯾﺪ‪ ،‬ﻗﺮﻥ ﻫﻔﺘﻢ‪ ،‬ﺝ ‪ ،١٦‬ﺹ ‪.٢١١‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮאی ﺁﮔﺎﻫﯽ אﺯ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ ﻣﺘﻮﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ אﯾﻦ ﺧﻄﺒﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﯽﺗﻮאﻧﯿﺪ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺘﺎﺏ ﭼﺸﻤﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ‪ ،‬ﻧﻮﺷﺘﮥ ﻣـﺴﻌﻮﺩ ﭘﻮﺭﺳـﯿﺪ ﺁﻗـﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﺮאﺟﻌـﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﯿﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺿﻤﯿﻤﮥ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﯽ ﺷﻤﺎﺭۀ ‪٤‬‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﻭ ﻗﺮﺁﻥ‬

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‫ﺑﺎﺭی‪ ،‬ﺑﺮ אﯾﻦ ﻧﮑﺘﻪ ﺗﺄﮐﯿﺪ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﯿﻢ ﮐﻪ אﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻟﻐﺖ ﻭ ﻧﯿﺰ אﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﻋﺎﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻣﻔﺴﺮאﻥ‪ ،‬ﻋﻨﻮאﻥ »ﻣﺼﺤﻒ« אﺳـﻢ ﺧﺎﺻـﯽ ﺑـﺮאی ﻗـﺮﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﮐﺮﯾﻢ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻠﮑﻪ אﯾﻦ אﺳﻢ ﺭﻭﺯﮔﺎﺭאﻧﯽ ﻭאﭘﺴﯿﻦﺗﺮ אﺯ ﺻﺪﺭ אﺳﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻗﺮﺁﻥ ﻧﯿﺰ אﻃﻼﻕ ﻣﯽﺷـﺪﻩ אﺳـﺖ‪ .‬ﻭאژﻩﺷﻨﺎﺳـﺎﻥ‪» ،‬ﻣـﺼﺤﻒ« ﺭא‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪאی אﺯ ﻧﮕﺎﺷﺘﻪﻫﺎی ﻗﺮאﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﯿﺎﻥ ﺩﻭ )ﻟﺖِ( ﺟﻠﺪ ﮐﺘﺎﺏ )= ﻣﺎ ﺑَﯿﻦَ אﻟﺪﱠﻓﱠﺘَﯿﻦ( ﮔﻮﯾﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﮐﻬﻦﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻓﺮﻫﻨـﮓ ﻟﻐـﻮی ﺁﻣـﺪﻩ‬ ‫אﺳﺖ‪» :‬ﻭَ ﺳُﻤﱢﯽَ אﻟﻤُﺼﺤَﻒُ‪ ،‬ﻣُﺼﺤَﻔﺎً‪ ،‬ﻷﻧﱠﻪ ﺃُﺻﺤِﻒَ؛ ﺃی ﺟُﻌِﻞَ ﺟﺎﻣِﻌﺎً ﻟِﻠﺼﱡﺤُﻒِ אﻟﻤَﮑﺘﻮﺑَﺔِ ﺑَﯿﻦَ אﻟﺪﱠﻓﱠﺘَﯿﻦِ«‪ ٣٤.‬ﮐـﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ אﯾـﻦ ﻭאژﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭאﯾـﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺰ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﺎی ﻟﻐﻮی ﺁﻥ אﺳﺖ‪ .‬אﮔﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺮﺁﻥ ﻫﻢ »ﻣﺼﺤﻒ« ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﻋﻨﺎﯾﺖ ﺑﻪ אﯾﻦ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ אﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫»ﻋَﻦ אﻟﻨﱠﺒﯽﱢ )ﺻﻠﯽ אﷲُ ﻋﻠﯿﻪِ ﻭ ﺁﻟﻪِ(‪ :‬ﻣَﻦ ﻗَﺮَﺃَ אﻟ ُﻘﺮﺁﻥَ ﻓﯽ אﻟﻤُﺼﺤَﻒِ ﮐﺎﻧَﺖ ﻟَﻪ ﺃﻟﻔَﺎ ﺣَﺴَﻨَﺔٍ ﻭ ﻣَـﻦ ﻗَـﺮَﺃَﻩُ ﻓـﯽ ﻏَﯿـﺮِ‬ ‫אﻟﻤُﺼﺤَﻒِ ـ ﻓَﺄَﻇُﻨﱡﻪُ ﻗﺎﻝ ـ ﮐَﺄﻟﻒِ ﺣَﺴَﻨَﺔٍ؛‪ ٣٥‬ﺁﻥ ﮐﻪ ﻗﺮﺁﻥ ﺭא ﺩﺭ »ﻣﺼﺤﻒ« ﻗﺮאﺋﺖ ﮐﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﻭ ﻫﺰאﺭ ﺣﺴﻨﻪ אﺯ ﺁﻥِ אﻭ‬ ‫ﺧﻮאﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺁﻥ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻏﯿﺮ »ﻣﺼﺤﻒ« ﺑﺨﻮאﻧﺪ ـ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻤﺎﻧﻢ ﮔﻔﺖ ـ ﻫﺰאﺭ ﺣﺴﻨﻪ‪«.‬‬ ‫‪ .٣٢‬ﻣﺴﻌﻮﺩ ﭘﻮﺭ ﺳﯿﺪ ﺁﻗﺎﯾﯽ‪ ,‬ﭼﺸﻤﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ‪ ,‬ﺹ ‪ ٢٩٧‬ـ ‪.٣٠٢‬‬ ‫‪ .٣٣‬ﺭ‪.‬ک‪» :‬ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶﮔﻮﻧﻪאی ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭۀ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ(«‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﯽ ﻣﻬﺪﻭیﺭאﺩ‪ ،‬ﻣﺠﻠﮥ ﺁﯾﻨﮥ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ‪ ،‬ﺵ ‪.٧٥‬‬ ‫‪ .٣٤‬ﺧﻠﯿﻞ ﺑﻦ אﺣﻤﺪ אﻟﻔﺮאﻫﯿﺪی‪ ,‬אﻟﻌﯿﻦ )ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﮐﺘﺎﺏ אﻟﻌﯿﻦ(‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺣﺴﻦ ﺑﮑﺎﺋﯽ‪ ،‬ﻃﺒﻊ ﻭ ﻧﺸﺮ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ אﻟﻨﺸﺮ אﻷﺳﻼﻣﯽ‪ ،‬ﻗﻢ‪ ١٤١٤ ،‬ﻫ‪ ،‬ﭼـﺎپ אﻭﻝ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺝ ‪ ،٣‬ﺹ ‪١٢٠‬؛ אﺑﻮﻧﺼﺮ אﺳﻤﺎﻋﯿﻞ ﺑﻦ ﺣﻤّﺎﺩ ﺟﻮﻫﺮی‪ ،‬אﻟﺼﺤﺎﺡ ﺗﺎﺝ אﻟﻠﻐﻪ ﻭ ﺻﺤﺎﺡ אﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﻪ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ אﺣﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪאﻟﻐﻔﻮﺭ ﻋﻄّـﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺑﯿـﺮﻭﺕ‪ ,‬ﺩאﺭ אﻟﻌﻠـﻢ ﻣﻼﯾـﯿﻦ‪،‬‬ ‫‪ ١٤١٠‬ﻫ‪ ،‬ﭼﺎپ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ ‪ ،٤‬ﺹ ‪١٣٤٨‬؛ אﺑﻮאﻟﻔﻀﻞ ﺟﻤﺎﻝאﻟﺪﯾﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﮑﺮﻡ ﺑﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ אﻟﻤﺼﺮی‪ ،‬ﻟﺴﺎﻥ אﻟﻌﺮﺏ‪ ،‬ﺑﯿـﺮﻭﺕ‪ ,‬ﺩאﺭ ﺻـﺎﺩﺭ‪ ١٤١٠ ،‬ﻫ‪ ،‬ﭼـﺎپ‬ ‫אﻭﻝ‪ ،‬ﺝ ‪ ،٩‬ﺹ ‪.١٨٦‬‬ ‫‪ .٣٥‬ﻫﺎﺷﻢ ﺑﻦ ﺳﻠﯿﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﺤﺮאﻧﯽ‪ ،‬אﻟﺒﺮﻫﺎﻥ ﻓﯽ ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮ אﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻣﻮﺳﻮی ﺯﻧﺪی‪ ،‬ﻗﻢ‪ ,‬אﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭאﺕ אﺳﻤﺎﻋﯿﻠﯿﺎﻥ‪ ١٣٣٤ ،‬ﻫ‪ ،‬ﭼﺎپ ﺩﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ ‪ ،١‬ﺹ ‪.٥٤٦‬‬

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‫ﺑﺮ ﻫﻤﯿﻦ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ אﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻫﺮ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪאی ﺑﺎ ﻭﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﯾﺎﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ـ ﯾﻌﻨﯽ ﻗﺮאﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻣﯿﺎﻥ ﺩﻭ ﻟﺖِ ﺟﻠﺪ ـ ﺭא ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﻣﯽﮔﻔﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ אﯾﻦ ﻧﺺ ﺗﺎﺭﯾﺨﯽ ﺑﻨﮕﺮﯾﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫»ﻋَﻦ ﺃﺑﯽאﺳﺤﺎﻕِ אﻟﻔَﺰאﺭی ﻗﺎﻝ ﺳَﺄَﻟﺖُ אﻷﻭﺯאﻋﯽﱠ ﻗُﻠﺖُ‪ :‬ﻣُـﺼﺤَﻒٌ ﻣِـﻦ ﻣَـﺼﺎﺣِﻒِ אﻟـﺮﱡﻭﻡِ ﺃﺻَـﺒﻨﺎﻩُ ﻓـﯽ ﺑِـﻼﺩِﻩِ ﺃﻭ‬ ‫‪٣٦‬‬ ‫ﻏَﯿﺮِﻫِﻢ! ‪«...‬‬ ‫‪٣٧‬‬ ‫אﻭﺯאﻋﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ ٨٨‬ﻫﺠﺮی ﺩﯾﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﮔﺸﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ ١٥٧‬ﻫﺠﺮی ﺯﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺭא ﺑﺪﺭﻭﺩ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ אﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺪﯾﻦﺳـﺎﻥ אﯾـﻦ ﻧـﺺ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﯾﺨﯽ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﺁﻥ אﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ אﯾﻦ ﻭאژﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺮﻥ אﻭﻝ‪ ،‬ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﯽ ﻋﺎﻡ ﺩאﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪאی ﺑﺎ ﻭﯾﮋﮔـﯽ ﻣـﺬﮐﻮﺭ אﻃـﻼﻕ ﻣـﯽﺷـﺪﻩ‬ ‫אﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫אﺯ אﺑﻮﺳﻌﯿﺪ ﺧُﺪﺭی ﺧﻮאﺳﺘﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪﯾﺚ אﻣﻼ ﮐﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻧﻨﻮﺷﺖ ﻭ ﮔﻔﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫»ﻻ ﻧَﮑﺘُﺒُﮑُﻢ ﺷَﯿﺌﺎً‪ .‬ﺃﺗَﺠﻌَﻠُﻮﻧَﻪُ ﻣﺼﺎﺣِﻒَ ﺗَﻘﺮَﺅﻭﻧﻬﺎ ﻭ ﻗَﺪ ﮐﺎﻥ ﻓﯿﮑُﻢ ﻣَﻦ ﯾُﺤَﺪِﺛﱡﻨﺎ ﻓَﻨَﺤﻔَﻆُ ﻋَﻨﻪُ! ﻓَـﺎﺣﻔَﻈﻮא ﻋَﻨﱠـﺎ ﮐَﻤـﺎ‬ ‫ﺣَﻔِﻈﻨﺎ ﻧَﺤﻦُ ﻋﻦ ﻧِﯿﱠﺘِﮑُﻢ؛‪ ٣٨‬ﭼﯿﺰی ﻧﻤﯽﻧﻮﯾﺴﯿﻢ‪ .‬ﺁﯾﺎ ﻣﯽﺧﻮאﻫﯿـﺪ ﻗـﺮﺁﻥ ﺭא ﭼﻮﻧـﺎﻥ ﻣـﺼﺎﺣﻔﯽ ﻗـﺮאﺭ ﺩﻫﯿـﺪ ﮐـﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽﺧﻮאﻧﯿﺪ؟! ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﯽﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﯿﺎﻥ ﺷﻤﺎ ﮐﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮאی ﻣﺎ ﺣﺪﯾﺚ ﻣﯽﮔﻔﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻣﺎ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻣﯽﮐﺮﺩﯾﻢ‪ ،‬ﺷـﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺪאﻥﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻣﯽﮐﺮﺩﯾﻢ‪ ،‬ﺣﻔﻆ ﮐﻨﯿﺪ‪«.‬‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺷﻦ אﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺮאﺩ אﺑﻮﺳﻌﯿﺪ אﺯ ﻭאژۀ »ﻣﺼﺎﺣﻒ« ﮐﺘﺎﺏ אﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻧﻪ ﻗﺮﺁﻥ‪ .‬ﻭ ﭼﻨﯿﻦ אﺳﺖ ﮐﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ אﯾﻦ ﻭאژﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﯿﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺑﻨـﺎﻥ ﻋﺎﻟﻤـﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻦ אﯾﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ אﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺮאی ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺟﺎﺣﻆ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﯾﮥ ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻤﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺪﻭﯾﻦ ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺶ ﺭﻭא ﺩאﺷﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﯽﻧﻮﯾـﺴﺪ‪» :‬ﺗَـﻢﱠ אﻟﻤُـﺼﺤَﻒُ אﻷﻭّﻝُ‪ ،‬ﻭ‬ ‫‪٣٩‬‬ ‫ﯾَﺘﻠُﻮﻩُ אﻟﻤُﺼﺤَﻒُ אﻟﺜﱠﺎﻧﯽُ ﻣﻦ ﮐﺘﺎﺏِ אﻟﺤَﯿَﻮאﻥِ ﻭ ‪.«...‬‬ ‫ﺁﻗﺎی ﻧﺎﺻﺮאﻟﺪﯾﻦ אﻷﺳﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﮐﺘﺎﺏ אﺭﺟﻤﻨﺪﺵ‪ ،‬ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ אﻟﺸﻌﺮ אﻟﺠﺎﻫﻠﯽ‪ ،‬ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ אﺳﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫»ﻭ ﮐﺎﻧﻮא ﮐَﺬﻟﮏَ ﯾُﻄﻠِﻘﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﯽ אﻟﮑﺘﺎﺏِ אﻟﻤَﺠﻤﻮﻉِ ﻟﻔﻆَ אﻟﻤُـﺼﺤَﻒِ ﻭ ﯾَﻘـﺼِﺪﻭﻥ ﺑـﻪِ ﻣُﻄﻠَـﻖَ אﻟﮑﺘـﺎﺏِ ﻻ אﻟﻘـﺮﺁﻥَ‬ ‫ﻭَﺣﺪَﻩُ‪... ٤٠‬؛ ﺑﺪﯾﻦﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ﻟﻔﻆ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﺭא ﺑﺮ ﻫﺮ »ﮐﺘﺎﺏ ﺟﻤﻊﺷﺪﻩ« אﻃﻼﻕ ﻣـﯽﮐﺮﺩﻧـﺪ ﻭ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭﺷـﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻧـﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻂ ﻗﺮﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﻠﮑﻪ ﻣﻄﻠﻖ ﮐﺘﺎﺏ ﺑﻮﺩ‪«.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺪﯾﻦﺳﺎﻥ אﮔﺮ ﮐﺴﯽ ﭼﻮﻥ ﺁﻗﺎی ﻗﺼﯿﻤﯽ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﺾ אﯾﻨﮑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮאﻥ »ﻣﺼﺤﻒ« ﺭא ﺑﻨﮕﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺻﻒ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺨﻮאﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﭼﻨـﺪﯾﻦ ﺑﺮאﺑـﺮ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺁﻥ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ אﺳﺖ ـ ﮐﻪ ﭘﺲ אﺯ אﯾﻦ ﺧﻮאﻫﯿﻢ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ ـ ﻭ ﺑﭙﻨﺪאﺭﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺷﯿﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺤﺮﯾﻒ ﻗﺮﺁﻥ ﺑﺎﻭﺭ ﺩאﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﯽﮔﻤﺎﻥ ﯾﺎ אﺯ ﺳﺮ ﺟﻬﻞ אﺳـﺖ‪ ،‬ﯾـﺎ‬ ‫‪٤١‬‬ ‫ﻏﺮﺽ ﺁﻣﯿﺨﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺽ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .٣٦‬ﻋﺒﺪאﷲ ﺑﻦ אﺑﯽﺩאﻭﺩ ﺳﺠﺴﺘﺎﻧﯽ‪ ،‬ﮐﺘﺎﺏ אﻟﻤﺼﺎﺣﻒ‪ ،‬ﺑﯿﺮﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﺩאﺭ אﻟﮑﺘﺐ אﻟﻌﻠﻤﯿﻪ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪.١٧٧‬‬ ‫‪ .٣٧‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺳﻌﺪ ﮐﺎﺗﺐ אﻟﻮאﻗﺪی‪ ،‬אﻟﻄﺒﻘﺎﺕ אﻟﮑﺒﺮی‪ ،‬ﺑﯿﺮﻭﺕ‪ ,‬ﺩאﺭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ‪ ،‬ﺝ ‪ ،٦‬ﺹ ‪.٤٨٨‬‬ ‫‪ .٣٨‬ﺧﻄﯿﺐ ﺑﻐﺪאﺩی‪ ،‬ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻦ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪.٣٦‬‬ ‫‪ .٣٩‬ﺟﺎﺣﻆ‪ ,‬אﻟﺤﯿﻮאﻥ‪ ,‬אﻟﻤﺠﻤﻊ אﻟﻌﺮﺑﯽ אﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﯽ אﻟﻌﺮﺑﯽ אﻹﺳﻼﻣﯽ‪ ١٣٨٨ ,‬ﻫ‪ ,‬ﺝ ‪ ،١‬ﺹ ‪.٣٨٨‬‬ ‫‪ .٤٠‬ﻧﺎﺻﺮאﻟﺪﯾﻦ אﺳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ אﻟﺸﻌﺮ אﻟﺠﺎﻫﻠﯽ‪ ،‬ﺑﯿﺮﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﺩאﺭ אﻟﺠﻠﯿﻞ‪ ،‬ﭼﺎپ ‪ ،١٣٦٧‬ﺹ ‪.١٣٩‬‬ ‫‪ .٤١‬ﺑﺮאی ﺁﮔﺎﻫﯽ אﺯ אﯾﻦﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﮐﺴﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺁﺛﺎﺭﺷﺎﻥ ﺭ‪.‬ک‪ :‬ﺛﺎﻣﺮ ﻫﺎﺷﻢ ﺣﺒﯿﺐ אﻟﻌﻤﯿﺪی‪ ،‬ﺩﻓﺎﻉ ﻋﻦ אﻟﮑﺎﻓﯽ‪ ،‬ﻗﻢ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﮐﺰ אﻟﻐﺎﻣﺪﯾﻦ ﻟﻠﺪﺭאﺳﺎﺕ אﻻﺳﻼﻣﯿﻪ‪ ١٤١٥ ،‬ﻫ‪ ،‬ﺝ‬ ‫‪ ،٢‬ﺹ ‪.٣٥٣‬‬ ‫‪١٦‬‬

‫ﺿﻤﯿﻤﮥ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﯽ ﺷﻤﺎﺭۀ ‪٥‬‬ ‫אﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ אﻟﻘﺎﺏ ﻭאﻻی ﻓﺎﻃﻤﮥ אﻃﻬﺮ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﻟﻘﺐ »ﻣﺤﺪﱠﺛﻪ« אﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﺻﺎﺩﻕ )ﻋﻠﯿﻪ אﻟﺴﻼﻡ( ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭۀ אﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻘﺒﺖ ﻓﺮﻣﻮﺩﻩ‬ ‫אﺳﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫»ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺧﺘﺮ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺧﺪא »ﻣﺤﺪﱠﺛﻪ« ﺑﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻧﻪ ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺒﺮ‪ .‬ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ ﺭא אﺯ אﯾﻦ ﺭﻭ »ﻣﺤﺪﱠﺛﻪ« ﻧﺎﻣﯿﺪﻩאﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻓﺮﺷﺘﮕﺎﻥ אﺯ‬ ‫ﺁﺳﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﺮ אﻭ ﻧﺎﺯﻝ ﻣﯽﺷﺪﻧﺪ ﻭ ﻫﻤﺎﻥﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺮﯾﻢ‪ ،‬ﺩﺧﺘﺮ ﻋﻤﺮאﻥ‪ ،‬ﮔﻔﺘﮕﻮ ﺩאﺷﺘﻨﺪ ﺑﺎ אﻭ ﺳﺨﻦ ﻣـﯽﮔﻔﺘﻨـﺪ ‪...‬‬ ‫‪«.‬‬ ‫ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﺻﺎﺩﻕ )ﻋﻠﯿﻪ אﻟﺴﻼﻡ( ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﯾﮥ אﯾﻦ ﺭﻭאﯾﺖ‪ ،‬ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﻟﻠـﻪ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﺭא ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻃﺮ אﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻘﺒـﺖ ﻭאﻻ ﻣـﯽﺳـﺘﺎﯾﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫אﯾﻦ ﻋﻨﻮאﻥ ﺭא ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ‪ .‬אﯾﻦ ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮ אﺯ ﻣﺤﺪﱠﺙ ـ ﯾﻌﻨﯽ אﯾﻨﮑﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﺪﱠﺙ‪ ،‬ﺳﺨﻦِ ﭘﯿﮏ אﻟﻬـﯽ ﺭא ﻣـﯽﺷـﻨﻮﺩ ﻭ אﻭ ﺭא ﻧﻤـﯽﺑﯿﻨـﺪ ـ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺭﻭאﯾﺎﺕ ﺑﺴﯿﺎﺭی ﺑﺎ אﻟﻔﺎﻅ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ אﺳﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫»אﻟﻤُﺤﺪﱠﺙُ אﻟﱠﺬی ﯾَﺴﻤَﻊُ אﻟﺼﱠﻮﺕِ ﻭ ﻻ ﯾَﺮی ﺷَﯿﺌﺎً‪«.‬‬ ‫»אﻟﻤُﺤﺪﱠﺙُ‪ ،‬ﻓَﻬﻮَ אﻟﱠﺬی ﯾَﺴﻤَﻊُ ﮐﻼﻡَ אﻟﻤَﻠِﮏِ ﻓَﯿُﺤَﺪﱢﺛَﻪُ ﻣِﻦ ﻏَﯿﺮِ ﺃﻥ ﯾَﺮאﻩُ ‪«....‬‬ ‫»אﻟﻤُﺤَﺪﱠﺙُ‪ ،‬אﻟﱠﺬی ﯾَﺴﻤَﻊُ ﮐﻼﻡُ אﻟﻤَﻼﺋِﮑَﺔِ ﻭ ﺣَﺪﯾﺜَﻬُﻢ ﻭ ﻻ ﯾَﺮی ﺷَﯿﺌﺎً ﺑَﻞ ﯾَﻨﻘُﺮُ ﻓﯽ ﺃُﺫُﻧﻪِ ﻭ ﯾَﻨﮑُﺖُ ﻓﯽ ﻗَﻠﺒِﻪِ‪«.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﻫﻤﯿﻦ ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺮ אﺯ ﻣﺤﺪﱠﺙ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭאﯾﺎﺕ ﺑﺴﯿﺎﺭی‪ ،‬אﻣﺎﻣﺎﻥ )ﻋﻠﯿﻬﻢ אﻟﺴﻼﻡ( ﻭ אﻭﺻﯿﺎی ﺭﺳـﻮﻝ אﷲ )ﺻـﻠﯽ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿـﻪ ﻭ ﺁﻟـﻪ( ﻭ ﺣﺘـﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﮏﮐﺮﺩאﺭאﻥ ﭘﺎکﻧﻬﺎﺩی ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﺳﻠﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﺪﱠﺙ ﺩאﻧﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩאﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻋﺎﻟﻤﺎﻥ אﻫﻞ ﺳﻨﺖ ﻧﯿﺰ אﺯ ﯾﮑﺴﻮ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﺤﺪﱠﺙ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ אﺳﻼﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺭא ﭘﺬﯾﺮﻓﺘﻪאﻧﺪ ﻭ אﺯ ﺳﻮی ﺩﯾﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﯿﻦ ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺮ ﺭא ﮐﻪ אﺯ ﺭﻭאﯾﺎﺕ ﺷـﯿﻌﯽ ﺑـﺮאی ﻣﺤـﺪﱠﺙ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩאﯾـﻢ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨـﺎﺑﻊ ﺗﻔـﺴﯿﺮی ﻭ ﺭﻭאﯾـﯽ ﺧـﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩאﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮאﯾﻦ‪ ،‬ﻋﻨﻮאﻥ ﻣﺤﺪﱠﺙ ـ ﺑﺮﺧﻼﻑ ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ אﺯ ﻓﺎﺿﻼﻥ אﻫﻞ ﺳﻨﺖ ﭘﻨﺪאﺷﺘﻪ ﯾﺎ ﺩﺭ אﻟﻘﺎی ﺁﻥ ﮐﻮﺷﯿﺪﻩאﻧﺪ ـ ﭼﯿﺰی ﻧﯿـﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ ﺷﯿﻌﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺭא ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﻭ ﭘﺮﺩאﺧﺘﻪ ﻭ ﭘﯿﺸﻮאﯾﺎﻧﺶ ﺭא ﺑﺪאﻥ ﺳﺘﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﻭﺭ ﺑﻪ אﯾﻦ ﻋﻨﻮאﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﯿﺎﻥ ﻣﺬאﻫﺐ אﺳﻼﻣﯽ ﻫﻤﮕـﺎﻧﯽ ﺑـﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺭﻭאﯾﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻧﺼﻮﺹ ﺁﻥ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻓﺮﯾﻘﯿﻦ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ אﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻋﻼﻣﮥ אﻣﯿﻨﯽ ﺩﺭ אﯾﻦﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪאﻧﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫»ﺩאﻧﺸﻤﻨﺪאﻥ ﺷﯿﻌﻪ ﻭ ﺳﻨﯽ ﻫﻤﮕﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﺤﺪﱠﺙ ﺩﺭ אﺳﻼﻡ ﻗﺎﺋﻞ ﻫـﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪﻧـﺪ ﮐـﻪ ﭘـﺲ אﺯ ﭘﯿـﺎﻣﺒﺮ‬ ‫)ﺻﻠﯽ אﷲُ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ ﻭ ﺁﻟﻪ( ﯾﻘﯿﻨﺎً ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺑﺸﺮی ﻣﺤﺪﱠﺙ )אﻟﻬﺎﻡﮔﯿﺮﻧﺪﻩ ﻭ ﮔﻮﺵ ﻓﺮאﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪﯾﺚ ﻓﺮﺷـﺘﮕﺎﻥ( ﻭﺟـﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺩאﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ؛ אﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﮔﻔﺘﺎﺭ ﻭ ﮐﺮﺩאﺭﺵ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮאﻣﯿﻦ אﻟﻬﯽ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﻭ ﻣـﻮﺭﺩ ﺗـﺼﺪﯾﻖ ﻭ ﺗـﺼﻮﯾﺐ ﺧﺪאﻭﻧـﺪ‬ ‫אﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﻢﺻﺤﺒﺖ ﻭ ﻫﻤﺮאﺯ ﭼﻨﯿﻦ ﻓﺮﺩی‪ ،‬ﺁﻥ ﻓﺮﺷﺘﻪאی אﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻭאﺳﻄﮥ ﻓﯿﺾ אﺯ ﺟﺎﻧـﺐ ﺧﺪאﺳـﺖ ﻭ ﺷـﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺪﱠﺙ ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﯽﮔﯿﺮﺩ ﺑﺎ ﮐﻤﺎﻝ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥﭘﺬﯾﺮی ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ‪ .‬אﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩ ﺷﯿﻌﯿﺎﻥ אﯾﻦ אﺳﺖ ﮐـﻪ אﺋﻤّـﮥ‬ ‫אﻃﻬﺎﺭ ﻫﻤﮕﯽ ﻣﺤﺪﱠﺙ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩאﻧﺸﻤﻨﺪאﻥ ﺳﻨﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ ﻗﺎﺋﻞאﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﭘﺲ אﺯ ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺒﺮ )ﺻـﻠﯽ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿـﻪ ﻭ ﺁﻟـﻪ( ﺑﺎﯾـﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﺮی ﻣﺤﺪﱠﺙ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩאﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺗﺎ ﻓﺮﺷﺘﮕﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ אﻭ ﺣﺪﯾﺚ ﮔﻮﯾﻨﺪ ﻭ אﺯ ﺟﺎﻧﺐ ﺧـﺪאی ﺗﻌـﺎﻟﯽ ﺭאﻫﻬـﺎی ﺣـﻖ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻃﻞ ﺭא ﺑﻪ אﻭ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪«.‬‬ ‫ﺁﻭﺭﺩﯾﻢ ﮐﻪ אﯾﻦ ﺑﺎﻭﺭ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻓﺮﯾﻘﯿﻦ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ אﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺪﯾﻦﺳﺎﻥ ﺳﺨﻦ ﻋﺎﻟﻤﺎﻥ אﻫﻞ ﺳﻨﺖ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭאﯾﺎﺗﯽ ﭼﻨـﺪ ﻣـﺴﺘﻨﺪ אﺳـﺖ ﮐـﻪ אﺯ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﮥ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﻭאﯾﺎﺗﯽ אﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺻﺤﺎﺡ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ אﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺨﺎﺭی ﻣﯽﻧﻮﯾﺴﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫»ﻗﺎﻝ אﻟﻨﱠﺒﯽﱡ‪ :‬ﻟَﻘَﺪ ﮐﺎﻥ ﻓﯿﻤَﻦ ﮐﺎﻥَ ﻗَﺒﻠَﮑُﻢ ﻣِﻦ ﺑﻨﯽ ﺇﺳﺮאﺋﯿﻞَ ﺭﺟﺎﻝٌ ﯾُﮑَﻠِّﻤﻮﻥَ ﻣِﻦ ﻏَﯿﺮِ ﺃﻥ ﯾَﮑﻮﻧﻮא ﺃﻧﺒﯿﺎﺀَ‪ .‬ﻓﺈﻥ ﯾَﮑُﻦ‬ ‫ﻣِﻦ ﺃﻣﱠﺘﯽ ﻣِﻨﻬُﻢ ﺃﺣﺪٌ ﻓَﻌُﻤَﺮُ‪«.‬‬ ‫ﻫﻤﮕﻮﻥ ﺑﺎ אﯾﻦ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺭא ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﭼﻨﯿﻦ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ אﺳﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫»ﻋَﻦِ אﻟﻨﱠﺒﯽﱢ‪ :‬ﻗَﺪ ﮐﺎﻥ ﻓﯽ אﻷﻣَﻢِ ﻗَﺒﻠَﮑُﻢ ﻣُﺤﺪﱠﺛﻮﻥَ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ ﯾَﮑُﻦ ﻓﯽ ﺃﻣﱠﺘﯽ ﻣِـﻨﻬُﻢ ﺃﺣـﺪٌ ﻓـﺈﻥﱠ ﻋُﻤَـﺮَ ﺑـﻦَ אﻟﺨَﻄّـﺎﺏَ‬ ‫ﻣِﻨﻬُﻢ‪«.‬‬ ‫ﺁﻥﮔﺎﻩ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‪ ،‬ﺧﻮﺩ אﺯ ﻗﻮﻝ אﺑﻦﻭﻫﺐ ﻧﻘﻞ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮ »ﻣﺤﺪﱠﺛﻮﻥ« ﮔﻔﺘﻪ אﺳﺖ‪» :‬ﺗَﻔﺴﯿﺮُ ﻣُﺤﺪﱠﺛﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣُﻠﻬَﻤﻮﻥ«‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻣﮥ אﻣﯿﻨﯽ )ﺭﺣـﻤـﻪ אﷲ( ﭘﺲ אﺯ אﺭאﺋﮥ ﺑﺤﺜﯽ אﺭﺟﻤﻨﺪ ﺩﺭ אﯾﻦ ﺯﻣﯿﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪאﻧﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫»ﺩﺭ ﻣﯿﺎﻥ אﯾﻦ אﻣﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﺩﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﻮﺩﻩאﻧﺪ ﻣﺤﺪﱠﺙ‪ ،‬ﭼﻨﺎﻥﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﯿـﺎﻥ אﻣﺘﻬـﺎی ﭘﯿـﺸﯿﻦ ﺑـﻮﺩﻩאﻧـﺪ‪ .‬אﻣﯿﺮﻣﺆﻣﻨـﺎﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺯﻧﺪאﻥ ﭘﺎﮐﺶ‪ ،‬ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺒﺮ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻩאﻧﺪ אﻣﺎ ﻋﺎﻟﻤﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﺤﺪﱠﺙ ﺑﻮﺩﻩאﻧﺪ‪ .‬אﯾﻦ ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﯾﮋۀ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻭﯾـﮋۀ ﻣﻨـﺼﺐ אﻣﺎﻣـﺖ‬ ‫‪١٧‬‬

‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻧﯿﺴﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻠﮑﻪ ﺻﺪّﯾﻘﮥ ﻃﺎﻫﺮﻩ )ﮐﺮﯾﻤﮥ ﻧﺒﯽ אﻋﻈﻢ( ﻣﺤﺪﱠﺛﻪ ﺑﻮﺩ؛ ﺳﻠﻤﺎﻥ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﯽ ﻣﺤﺪﱠﺙ ﺑـﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑـﺎﺭی‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻡ אﻣﺎﻣﺎﻥ )ﻋﻠﯿﻬﻢ אﻟﺴﻼﻡ( ﻣﺤﺪﱠﺙ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬אﻣﺎ ﻫﺮ ﻣﺤﺪﱠﺛﯽ אﻣﺎﻡ ﻧﯿﺴﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻣﺤﺪﱠﺙ ﺑﻪ אﻣﻮﺭی ﺁﮔـﺎﻩ אﺳـﺖ ﮐـﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﺎﯾﻖ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮ אﺳﺎﺱ ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﺭאﻫﻬﺎﯾﺶ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭאﯾﺎﺕ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ אﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ אﻭ אﻟﻬﺎﻡ ﻣﯽﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬אﯾﻦ אﺳﺖ ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﺷﯿﻌﻪ ﺑﺪאﻥ ﺑﺎﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺩאﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻧﻪ ﺟﺰ ﺁﻥ‪ .‬ﻭ אﯾﻦ אﺳﺖ ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺼﻮﺹ ﻓﺮﯾﻘﯿﻦ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭۀ ﻣﺤﺪﱠﺙ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ אﺳﺖ؛ ﺑـﺪﻭﻥ אﺧـﺘﻼﻑ ﺩﺭ ﻣﯿـﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺬאﻫﺐ אﺳﻼﻣﯽ ﻭ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ אﯾﻨﮑﻪ ﺷﯿﻌﻪ ﺩﺭ אﯾﻦﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺳﺨﻨﯽ ﺑﺮﺧﻼﻑ ﺁﻧﭽـﻪ ﺩﯾﮕـﺮאﻥ ﺑـﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺑـﺎﻭﺭ ﺩאﺭﻧـﺪ‪ ،‬ﮔﻔﺘـﻪ‬ ‫‪٤٢‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪«.‬‬

‫ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻭ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻬﺎ‬

‫‪١‬ـ ﮐﺪאﻡﯾﮏ אﺯ ﮔﺰﯾﻨﻪﻫﺎی ﺯﯾﺮ‪ ،‬ﺷﯿﻮﻩﻫﺎی ﻧﺸﺮ ﺣﺪﯾﺚ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﺑﻮﺩﻩ אﺳﺖ؟‬ ‫אﻟﻒ‪ :‬ﺧﻄﺒﻪ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭאﯾﺎﺕ‪ ،‬אﺩﻋﯿﻪ‬ ‫ﺏ‪ :‬ﺧﻄﺒﻪ‪ ،‬ﺳﯿﺮﻩ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭאﯾﺎﺗﯽ ﮐﻪ אﺯ ﺟﺒﺮﺋﯿﻞ ﻧﻘﻞ ﮐﺮﺩﻩאﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺝ‪ :‬ﻧﻘﻞ אﺣﺎﺩﯾﺚ ﻧﺒﻮی‪ ،‬ﺧﻄﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺩ‪ :‬ﻣﺼﺤﻒ‪ ،‬ﻟﻮﺡ‪ ،‬ﺻﺤﯿﻔﻪ‪ ،‬ﺧﻄﺒﮥ ﻓﺪﮐﯿﻪ‬ ‫‪٢‬ـ ﺩﺭ ﮐﺪאﻡﯾﮏ אﺯ ﮔﺰﯾﻨﻪﻫﺎی ﺯﯾﺮ‪ ،‬ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﻓﻘﻂ ﺭאﻭی ﺑﻮﺩﻩאﻧﺪ؟‬ ‫אﻟﻒ‪ :‬ﺧﻄﺒﮥ ﻓﺪﮐﯿﻪ‬ ‫ﺏ‪ :‬ﺧﻄﺒﻪאی ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻣﺪﯾﻨﻪ ﺧﻮאﻧﺪﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺝ‪ :‬ﻧﻘﻞ אﺣﺎﺩﯾﺚ ﻧﺒﻮی‬ ‫ﺩ‪ :‬ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺏ ﻭ ﺝ‬ ‫‪٣‬ـ ﮐﺪאﻡﯾﮏ אﺯ ﮔﺰﯾﻨﻪﻫﺎی ﺯﯾﺮ ﺻﺤﯿﺢ ﻧﯿﺴﺖ؟‬ ‫אﻟﻒ‪ :‬ﻣﺼﺤﻒ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ אﻣﻼی ﺟﺒﺮﺋﯿﻞ ﻭ ﻧﮕﺎﺭﺵ אﻣﺎﻡ ﻋﻠﯽ )ﻋﻠﯿﻪ אﻟﺴﻼﻡ( אﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺏ‪ :‬ﻣﺤﺘﻮאی ﻣﺼﺤﻒ‪ ،‬אﺧﺒﺎﺭی ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻓﺮﺯﻧﺪאﻥ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﺯﻫﺮא )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ( ﻭ ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﺗﺎ ﻗﯿﺎﻣﺖ אﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﺧﻮאﻫﺪ אﻓﺘـﺎﺩ‪،‬‬ ‫אﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺝ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺧﯽ אﺯ אﺣﮑﺎﻡ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺣﻼﻝ ﻭ ﺣﺮאﻡ ﻭ ﻋﻠﻢ ﻣﺎ ﮐﺎﻥ ﻧﮕﺎﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ אﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩ‪ :‬ﻣﺼﺤﻒ‪ ،‬ﻭﺩﯾﻌﻪ ﻭ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﮥ אﻣﺎﻣﺖ אﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪» .٤٢‬ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶﮔﻮﻧﻪאی ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭۀ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )ﺳﻼﻡ אﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ(«‪ ,‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﯽ ﻣﻬﺪﻭیﺭאﺩ‪ ,‬ﻣﺠﻠﮥ ﺁﯾﻨﮥ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ‪ ،‬ﺵ ‪.٧٥‬‬

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