Scientific Investigation Study Guide 2009

Scientific Investigation Study Guide Scientific Investigation- the organized steps a scientist uses to solve a problem There is no magic formula for solving problems. Scientists do not always use all of the steps of the scientific method, or use them in the order shown below. 1. Defining the Problem: A clear statement of the problem must be made so it can be understood/studied (This can be the most difficult part of solving a problem). The problem statement should always be written in the form of a question. Example: “How does sunlight affect plant growth?”

2. Research/Observation (collecting information about the problem): Information gathered about the problem can come from observations, other people, books, reputable Internet sources, etc.

3. Forming a hypothesis: A hypothesis is an idea about what will solve the problem. It is the best possible solution based on the information learned about the problem. Because it is based on research, a hypothesis is sometimes called an “educated guess.”

Directions: In the boxes provided, draw pictures that illustrate the steps used in scientific investigation.

must modify or change a hypothesis if it is not supported by the results. A hypothesis is usually stated using an “If ______, then ______” formula. Example: “If the amount of sunlight is reduced, then the plant will die.” 4. Testing the hypothesis: A hypothesis is tested by performing experiments and making observations. The hypothesis can be modified or changed completely if experiments show that changes are needed. Experiments should be repeated (trials) to make sure the results are correct.

5. Recording the results: Information from experiments needs to be written down so it is not forgotten or lost. In this way, it can be used by other scientists.

6. Drawing conclusions: From the results of tests, scientists draw conclusions. The results either support the hypothesis (the hypothesis was correct and the problem is solved) or do not support the hypothesis (the hypothesis needs to be modified or changed completely and tested). Scientists