Saranagathi (tamil)
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- Words: 40,371
- Pages: 194
:
ip i n il
i
μr eS. m di
ii
Copyright page
iii :
ain
uil L n#i$L%. aR'L i %$m, ii()* %$m + k eN1L. a +Si L. , % p 2Rl ann R'i r314 u % p %k eN1. a naSi L. +Si %i6m u nai1 %$m v4)r a8%i4 p m)9 %$m p eN1 L a m, m, ii;1 m n# L. m, (im, *8<r m i% i%k= 1n > iR= u 4 %$m a#iikin#. aR'L3m νя l p k=k eNAn ii;1 m яi in#i el8m )m) nm naB i > p e 'R= DidE4 uL% . in il n na 4 u4rn m. a a1R= ki$m,
i$m
u 4 L.
aR'L
iki$ il
ki
4 aν;Ep R= NE4 ki 48k=m il. ki 4 p Bi$1n i1i1l n na 4 1i FG 4m NΝl. i el8k=m ) i4 . e ki4 aν;Ek ki4ilrL i4 aν;E > e #en' u nai1μm, nj + 3m J'in#. aR# NA iE ivK 4 νяr u i r. iil 8m L4 % k=RKm i4in a L, a i
i%
p 31n
i%k=RKm
i8 1μ14n n i a i n en#l i i4 . n in a8%iG ey el k n %i6m in i<4 nam m. μk4 S k n %i6m ip nm en' D p Am. iz p n %i6m anaG i4 R#i4 ar n nak=1n a8%iGey nam m. ai ) k m eni# p n il ar a8%iGey an ni4e l4il nain# a =m enan μ nu1 i4ni4 y n1$m nni8ni4, nam anii4 an #in#ii .
iv
eni# il a814 n uL% a#i4m. e 'R i4 i1яn p e R#r iip i#n 8nl ip i#i4i4 i4 aνdE BA e #NAm en +zr314Km, Pr + i4r314Km a ip 4m. a nainadAR iν14 a m. J#i4 d A% + yGi ey u=k= a%ip R= i eS.m xi arL a84 "i i n il i" eni# +yA on# 4r ey aR μrp d1 $m e R' an +yA n p m eyR= μnn L% iKm R#R= i4 . innk 1i E n. el $m Ek UNAi#n. iDi6L% i p n %il i8n e=kp d1 +yA i . +ydEn ap*. iin i ena#i% 4p e 8%k eNA a$m in +yK, μnν μEK naB in8m Ln i4l% u14 . 1.) ena#i4il i 2.) n iin zKm k=m 3.) n iin i ena#iL 4.) i4il i#n 5.) p *p dA ena#iL ip n L P $m nan#k R' nan= * in eNA i4R#p d1 innl a#i\rL μl k3m * in eNA 41$m Nm an L% iKm R# k=m. +y%r nl imi i4 i#n +yK nl% i4R#i e 8m*]1n i% NAi#n. i#νm iνm av# a8L * ir en il L4il. en.eS. νя i4r e ^r.
5.04.2006
v
Foreword I deem it a proud privilege the writing of a foreword on the thesis captioned as ‘ Saranagathi in Sri Desika Prabhandas’ written by Dr. Srimathi Champakalakshmi for acquiring doctorate degree in Tamil.(Ph.D) I am glad she chose the topic Saranagathi because there is lot of resource material in Saranagathi in Sri Desika Prabhandhas. Shri Vedanta Desika is the greatest philosopher, poet and logician in the world and has authored more than 120 works in Sanakrit, Tamil and prakrith languages and each work has a connection with Saranagathi in one form or other. Saranagathi is a means for attaining moksha which is also called salvation and this means liberation from the bondage of samasara. Samsara is nothing but imprisonment in the world in which every jiva (soul) is subject to enjoyment on account of his doing virtuous deeds during his previous births and he (jiva) is subject to suffering on account of his committing sins during the previous births. This samsara is right from satyaloka (abode of the four headed Bramha) upto patalaloka. If Saranagathi is done at the lotus feet of the Lord Sriman Narayana after doing purushakara prapatti at the feet of the Goddess Mahalakshmi, Lord Sriman Narayana will certainly grant moksha to the individual. The individual who does Saranagathi crosses this universe which is called prakrithi mandala and then comes to viraja river. This river demarcates Sri Vaikunta divyaloka from the universe. The person who reaches the viraja river sheds his miniature body (sookshma sarira) which he assumed after leaving the mortal body. Then he crosses the viraja river out of his own will and then reaches Sri Vaikunta Divyaloka. There he is received by 500 celestial damsels who garland him, give him garments to wear, who give him ornaments to decorate his body, who apply powder on his body and who also apply anjana (blakish paste) on his eyes. This is called Brahmalankara. From there he is
vi
conducted to Adisesha paryanka (serpent throne) in which the divine couple are seated. He introduces himself as one who is having Bramha (Lord Sriman Narayana) as his atma (soul). Then the divine couple (Goddess Mahalakshmi and Lord Sriman Narayana is also called as Paravasudeva) greet him and take him to do eternal service to them. So without doing Saranagathi also called prapatti at the feet of Lord Sriman Narayana nobody will attain moksha as explained above.
Dr. Srimathi Champakalaksmi has explained this point remarkably well in her thesis. Sri Desika Prabandam, the beautiful tamil hymns composed by Sri Vedanta Desika is only an exhaustive elaboration of Saranagathi which is the topic of the thesis as mentioned above. For example there is one verse in Amrithasvadhini (31st verse) which gives a gist of Saranagathi. This verse is also in the ‘Sarasangraha Rahasya’ written by Sri Vedanta Desika. This verse commences with the words “ninnarulAl gathi yindRi mattRonRillEn”. The author
has
extensively
quorted
certain
passages
from
Sri
Rahasyatrayasara one of the masterpieces of Sri Vedanta Desika to explain her points in Saranagathi as contained in Sri Desika Prabandas. “Adaikalapatthu” is one of the very important desika prabandas exclusively dealing with ‘Saranagathi’.
Dr. Srimathi Champakalakshmi quotes a pasuram from Adaikalapatthu to explain the fact that in Saranagathi there are four nishtas (nishta means remaining steadfast or having deep deep faith in a particular procedure of doing Saranagathi ) Acharyanishta, Uktinishta, Svanishta and Bhagavathanishta. Among the four Acharyanishta apperars to be the best form of doing Saranagathi as the Acharya himself does the Saranagathi at the feet of Lord Sriman Narayana on behalf of the disciple and Sriman Narayana is bound to accept the same and commit himself to grant moksha to the disciple.
vii
I am happy this thesis is getting printed in the form of a book and this book will certainly be useful for the lay people to know the significance of Saranagathi and resort to the same for getting once for all libearated from the bondage of Samsara.
I have immense pleasure in congratulating Dr. Srimathi Champakalakshmi for having made such a simple, beautiful and thought provoking thesis which contains the gist of Desika Prabandam and other works of Sri Vedanta Desika explaining the doctrine of Saranagathi. This book incidentally becomes an effective medium to proclaim to the people the super greatness of Sri Vedanta Desika and the most effective means of Saranagathi he has postulated to the people for their permanent emancipation.
I pray to the divine couple of Srirangam and to Sri Vedanta Desika
to
shower
their
choicest
blessings
on
Dr.
Srimathi
Champakalakshmi, her beloved life partner Dr.Sri T.N.Aravamudhan and their children for their all round welfare and prosperity.
I wish the book is purchased by everyone, gone through and resort to Saranagathi through an Acharya and get permanently liberated. May everybody in this world live in peace and prosperity.
Retired Principal and now joint editor Ananthanarasimhachar
of Sri Kanchi Perarulalan and also
Srirangam
President of Sri Hayagriva Vidhya
24.04.2006
Peetam Trust.
.
viii
ip*
aS = ikm, 8%%n a8L naAm \ ii i8p*d=Di i8; r4 (in Si R'm na im r4 (in +i4rm +i46m N1n #kd1 i (in a8%4i6m 8 i8K8i4 i8L r i4 njip 8%%n i8nak 6m nam S m l' m i 4 eN1R#i 8i# . i i1 m iv4 i n n, ;4m μ Si i n %in nud m ep a i4 e ki< % elrk=m eNA rp n Fm nam (4k B i 4 B1m ; eN1R#i 8i# . in o8 =i4 'ip i n il i' en# nl e%i8i# . n in ; in i%km. i8 eme 8%in N1 y n#i4r. ir a8%i4 l' i n %il iDil anR#in e=p*, ip i nm ep Ai# . i e=p il ; in u4irnaE4 i ev' kp p Ai# en R#i4 innl e]n L% . i , innin +i i4r i e%. m xi, m μr d1 iR= a%i +ydEn nlEm. i n, in ey eNAL, i R#i4 l' i L, e%p4 nai4 n na 4in a8 8, Si iin Si nud m +i4R# eL%iin ur m n i i% =i# . m i 4 urR= i4 8i en'm J#m. i 4 +yK np 1 e%. m xik= aS Si R'm Prr4r%in +i3m, G i4p i4 n na 4in a8L 1>μm i1kp i r iki#m.
iN, (4k B i 4 B1 ir R'm njip 8%%n =]ir
ix
nan#i$
Pr i4r i8 46m eme 8n a8%6m e μr d1 +yi4 'ip i n il i' en nl Em e 'i# . iv%4il, i 8 il #kd1 +N1n i (in SiL +i$ D i$L%r. ar i8E%il en naS %$m nan#i4$m rp i k eLi#n. njip 8%%n +i i4r u..Dr.N.S. νя i4r ar3k=m, i4i i48m (4k B i 4 B1 in 8 u..anna im i4r ar3k=m en nan#i4 u i k=i#n. +yK ey il i84R#in a r lj i μl y i8n e 8k3k=m inna%4 μlr μr Nμ el i ar3k=m en nan#i u i4 . +yKk il en +yG emp A i ena#ip A i4 μr . ; ni S ar3k=m en'm en nan#i u i4 . +yKk i6m, nkm e 8m 8 i6m an*1n ui + K dAm +Si (я 3k=m an* naN rL μr e.iNn, i8. .nain, i8Gi μr e. 4 na 4n +i4rk=m en nan#i4 e ii k eLi#n. nk iR= ui4 aμ i iN1rSk=m en nan#i u i4 . elR#iνm en +y nkm ey4 + K nali4 (4k B i 4 B1 irk=m njip 8%%n =]irk=m en'm nan#i e iikk 1p dA14n.
eS. m di
x
8kk =#i4BdA i%km a i.B . a'.
-
u .+ . .+. m .$ . i . Dm. _____________________ =8.p . NE. i8k. i8L. i8l. i.nR. i. i . el.e 8L. na. . k. .B i.+. iR. i. iL%. e 8m. μ8=. e.e . ili. .m . _____________________ .m. .P<. p. pp. -
a i4 B m a' ikm u +i i4r dA +i i4r m 4m-$ N1m i e i8enali enini4 i n nR ip*kDm =8 m p m NE4 m i8k=#L i8L ani i8l ani ir nR#ni ip i nm elp i4m - e 8%i m na4i iv4p i nm km k L B ip i i4r iR'p i 1l iL%4ni e 8m R'p 1 i8μ8R'p 1 eDie 4rp* ili m - 8m m p rG 8km n ir m P<m Page Pages
xi
e 8%1km i4l
km
1. μnν
-
1
2. ena#i4il i
-
5
3. n iin zKm k=m
-
44
4. n iin i ena#iL
-
70
5. i4il i#n
-
111
6. p *p dA ena#iL
-
142
7. μEK
-
167
1. nR dE4l
-
171
2. + i4p m
-
175
3. n in 1 nlL
-
177
inip*
4. n in 43m nm e1r jkG eR3m a8nj eR3m
-
179
1
μnν
0.1. 0.1. +yK p* n in +zr Dik= 8L (+ i4p m ) o8r. ir iDi6m 1eDi4i6m iz, 1eDi n ip i % na14i6m i n L E$L%r. irm izp i n L ' i i nm' en' aDkp e 'in#. iR'L pe 'm i ena#i4in μn4k 8i 'ip i n il i' en# p il +yK ReL%pe R# . i n an i i nm p e 8N4, =#ip G i4 e zm e%ip A i# en ivyK = +yin# . 0.2. 0.2. +yK nakm iki4 in Ae 8L l, B m, e1, ki, Fm ep 4 ai# . iDiki4 3m ivp Ae 8L% u14. eiνm ki4in eDi iD eν%il ip 1lL, p i4 L, iR#iki4 L ep kip νlL e 8i. ip νlL m, m μ n 4 %G rn an L%. i i# i4 dAin#iG 4G i %in iDiKm ain#. iR'L * 'na4i iv4p i nm' en# e 8ne=p u14 . inN an νlL ni8 +zr%l 1pe R'L%. +zrL ena#i4il 4k eL%$m $m i%k nrL + i4rL +r (+zr_Dik= r). +zr Dik= 8L _i νяr μn e R#r. ir k eL% ii;1 m
ep A i n en' a8%i i8ki#r. ir
a8%%
n in +r. i
μEy, Di n in
2
+N1r an p e ' i#i nakm en' i$' i uL%r. innakm {1#G i4 i#n Di en' e%iK' i i8ki#r. +N1i1m iP G 1n keG e4il en# i i ena#i4 i$' m Nm irm νlL an L%. u nai< %in u ena#i4k NA kL 4 i4 nai4il ip i nm i4in e%i4 uiR= ur i4 e 84p e R'L% . i4 elR#i6m i#n Di en' n in 1k J#i4i8ki#r. i ena#i4 i# a1$m
Di
en'
i$' i6m
inena#i4in
μn
n4 i%k=i6m ip i nm e 'i1m =#i yl +yin nak=m. n in eR#ik= ive%i4 ena#i4 m en =#i m + 4p e R'L% . 0.3. 0.3. μnyKL n in R#i4 +yK%p in8 p Ain#. 1. A.Satyavrata Singh - Vedanta Desika - A Study, Ph.D. Thesis, hghLucknow University, Lucknow, 1958. 2. T.N.Aravamudhan - Varadaraja Panchasat - A Study M.Phil. nbnDissertation, University of Madras, Chennai 1981 3. T.N.Aravamudhan - Dayasataka - A Study, M.A. Dissertation, mnUniversity of Madras, Chennai 1980. 0.4. 0.4. +yKk%m - +yK F L n iin iz nl%in e=p i4 ip i n il dA +yK ReL%p Ai# . aνL3m i4 i$' m =i% μn4 + 4p Ain#. iv4il n iin en i n L a1 i4 ip i nm μn + k eL%pe R'L% . ; *, n in R#i4
3
+yKL,
nlL,
izL
dA L,
n#
+ % ain#. 0.5. 0.5. +yK aΝ=μ# i ena#i4 a#in r l +yKm (Descriptive) i# nl31n op idA op yKm (Comparative) +yA izi# .
i%kμ# + $ l
0.6. 0.6. 8 L s ki iki4 il *in ki R'm 4keLL i1me 'l u'i. ivDi n iin i n %il in u4rK, i ena#i4in n en μ]4 aA i4 iin 4k eL%
ain#s
en#
8
ivyKk= i4
8 %k eL%p dAL% . 0.7. 0.7. +ydEn ap* iin i ena#i% 4p e 8%k eNA a$m in +yK, μnν , μEK naB p in8m Ln i4l% u14 . 1. 2. 3. 4.
ena#i4il i n iin zKm k=m n iin i ena#iL i4il i#n
5. p *p dA ena#iL 0.7.1. ena#i4il i ena#i en# μi4il m, i# ena#iL, ena#i, nm, ii;1 m, i 4m, i# a1$m DiL, i n, 4n +i4 + yn u kp e 'in#. 0.7.2. n iin zKm k=m en# i N1i4il iin m,
i#4mm,
nR 4iRi,
il#m,
nlL
4
1 l, a8nje4lL, i%kpe 'in#.
ip
i nm
+i4
0.7.3. n iin i ena#iL en# Fn#m i4il in 1R e 8N4il i e 'm i1m, i4in n, N*= ena#iL, i nr, i nr N*L +i4 i%kpe 'in#. 0.7.4. i4il i#n en# nanm i4il 8 E i#n N *=rk= a1km a%i l, R#' l, BA nal=l +i4 i%kpe 'in#. 0.7.5. p *p dA ena#iL en# Lnm i4il *p dA ena#iL, p *p dA μ#L, u iL, na4 na4i m, 4p i4l ena#iL +i4 i%kpe 'in#. ovr i4in NΝm 1l RL R#i4 =#ip*L avp =i%il R% aA i1m e 'in#. u na1 RLL
eN
μ#4il
dE4i1pe R'
i4in
e1rGi4 ikpe R'L%. ip dE4l +i i4r, nl, km en# μ#4il an L% . ovr i4in i'i4i6m e= k J#pe R'L% +yK μE*L +ydEn i'i4il e= μEK 4il pe R'L%. 0.8. 0.8. inip* +ydEn inip 1. nR dE4l, 2. + i4p m , 3. n in 1 nlL, 4. n in 43m nm e1r G eR3m a8nj eR3m a1 i4 dE4l +i4 ikpe R'L%. nR dE4l +i i4r e 4r a i4il an L% . +i i4r e 481n nRe 4r, ip m, r, +NA +i4 nai l 1k eAkpe R'L%.
5
ena#i4il i 1.0. ove8 4μm ke o8 ena#i4$m anena#i4 i%k=m i %$m e R'L% . ap i %in Dip *i4 i % uN1ki i#k eL% a'i4iAm. i zm nai'pe R# eL4i4 ii;1 m R#i$m i R#i$m ivi4l + yi# . 6m m, i#ena#i%il ii;d1 in $m an i eL4in n4$m i%k=i# . 1.1. 1.1. m m en 1eDiG el. i s + ms e a$m. in e 8L an n al ai4l* en =m. k%nji4m m R#i J'4il,
s m en# el6k= uNpe 8L en 8 . uNp e 8%ii8n uN1=m i4 %i6m uNp e 8L i4 i naiR l ak i4 %$m m en' aDki#rL.s 1 en' =#ip iAi# . e , uN4in en4 a#i4 i8m*m +yK em. m en eym%in aEp 14il ip i nj in uN nai en en' N1#i4=m. elpe 8d3k=m Fy uL% e a uNp e 8%=m. ..u 4n \m en i nj + yGi en' i$' ik J'i#r. i,
" m enνm el6k= uN en e 8%=m. e \m en uN4 a#iep e 8L Am. uN en R= 'uL% ' a en'm uL% en 8 . nam u1l ud 1 nam Νm e 8dL 4Km en'm uL% al. en' uL% nai4 e 8L e uN1? uN14in a e ? an i4l*L 4? en n#R# + y
6
\m ep Am. \m en i nj + yGi.s 2 enνm JR#l u m. iv4il u
R#m,
u4ir R#m
iR#in
m, ki e ? en' EkN1#i$m μ4Ri4il i%n 8 k%, e1kk i4in J'% an. in %r μG 4k d AL e]n. 1.2. 1.2. i# ena#iL. i4R R#m, an 1p in F m, an μ]p im μi4R#in nai4il k= l o8 1KL i8p in urnn. ak1K31n 2R d1 aGm μ i4R urGi3m ey$rK rn nam ik3m i#
ena#i3k=
F 4i.
ini
r i,
i4in %r nai4,
" 4#3k= ud d1 l' %il in ey$rK rn uLμp r4l μ]e 'i# . i a#iK i# i l o%i e 'i# . in i NAm in %i 84i# .s 3 en nakk . in
aEp 14il
\m
en
i njm
en $m 1n Fpe 8L R#i4 in e=i4 ain# . ey$r%n i nj il μ]4 uri#n. ' 1R# o84k NA8m nai4il a p e 8d%i6m {k Ni#n. n e R# i# aν in aEp 14il
i#Gin%
u8k=i#n.
iGin%il 2R d1 l' rL i#ena#i nain#.
7
ivi#ena#i R'm a#iiil naA% inji4 nai4il BD naAL iz. =#ip p 4 L BD naA%il n#i nae1 =m 4i. 1.2.1. 1.2.1. ini4 k N1 i#ena#iL BD nadA \ il ini4 kN1 in G
e]$m
+3$m
=#ip i1 k.
ini4
L zin 1p i i ip y ain#. i i %A nai' ii1l zi4in o]k ii%$m u8k=in#. iviid= ud d1 o8n e 'm nan%$m
i4n
e 'm
B%$m
i iyp
in#. i 4 zi4l k=1n an * ii8n e1ri# . ini4
i4in
i L
en'
8p Am
%p R#i i.xn,
"ini4 \ μEKL e%i4i1p dE8p e 8m 6m m, u nai1m, +m ep Am ip D4 1eDi nl%i4=m. i% ini4 \ k= +
iki4 L. i4 l ek il +kp d1 en' J# μE4 a%K D4 . L il +kp d1 al en# 8 il aR# ae %r<4m en# ell =#ip iA NA." 4 en r. ip i %in aEp 14il k eL 2R* al 'p* en# d AL e]n. 2R*, 'p* nai%i6m l' k 8 i4l *%y (school of thoughts) ud i iKL e]n. iR# i L en r. \iL dik=p *p d1 8N%
i %il
a1 i$L%.
i i L
'p*, 2R* en' = A ey4p e 'in#.
8
uym, m, e % m +i4 'p*k eL4 u14. i4m, 4m, nai44m, Bm,
r m
eirp
ui L
L
#m
"i #m
u ym m em
a"m i m
iid& "m m
G r*14 + L +i4R#il
! m"
"m i m
i L, J#p d1
" im
m, u nai1 L, i# n%in E
i#k =#ip idA kin#. p i mm, i8l, in, ki,
m i4n,
ini n,
nj
P L
μr
R#ip
i %il dE$ kp dAL%. avk 1K3k= μn 8m nai4il BG 4 L e]in#. BG 4 k1KL nai4k N1 +i r m, m, km, e% m, 4m, e% m en# a'G 4 % μn$14e nai'ir. i μ#4 in, i8l, ki, = n m i4n +i4 1K%
μn$14yk eNA a. iR'L ena#i BzkN1 , i#kd dEn E i% =in# .
9
1.3. 1.3. ; ; ena#i i8z r i4 i8 μ] μR 1K%k eN1 ena#i. 'i;Ν' en# elE4y ';m' en# el e]n . i;Ν 4y u14 ena#i en in e 8L. D4 m n d1 inena#i u4 i4 eL% u14 . iv in i#p G 4v i ,
'm en in#4 . 1n m a n 4 ur i 8in# . 4in 4# Fm, a i4l ep R#k 1n naiRin# ' 5 en' =#ip iAin#r. p i %il p A iz eDi iki4 %i6m + = i8p R#i4 =#ip*L p Ain#. elp i4m μlnai ey k =#ik4il, '4n 4 A# uμms (el. e 8L.5)
en' J'in# . '4n 4 ne 8nji#p iR i]p*zp Pnai' en# aEL elp i4m (el. e 8L.60) nn i#p i861n op k J'm P nai en' =#ikin# . i8μ8R'p 1,
m* 1p *1k=m l ik eAnji# *L%i naBLeEG eln (μ8=.150-151) en'm e 8m R'p 1,
n%nj im iR %i' En =m m p L%i 4rnn
(e 8m. 372-373)
en'm i8l R#ip in#. i e i8l i8 enanjil eN14,
e 8μ N m d1 e m* *znai (i . 104.9-10) i8' r n R #i#l n#
10
aE%i6m um Fn'm a%n, '\Fn#E 4 μln' en'm (i 124-1) =#ip iAi# . 6m i8l
en#
Di d1 i$m Di$m eyr en ,
Eiz p 4i4 Ae i4R K m (i 105.71-72) en# aEL i%k=in#. i8l Di d1p iR'p il,
=n' n =uk1l uA Ne] \ nr =k n a'm Pn i nal' nan e48 e]n oip eL34r Ei e#i$nar le uNp nj\im i # Ni N e ir i8e\r a Ne 8 ii ik z= l Dy ( iR. 4.1-9) a R eln Ep i en' =#ip i1k m. iki4 %il i8in e 4rL, a G i#p* +i4 + =G d1pe R'L%. k=p i#= aB L ep Am m, e % m +i4 elk=p e R#. i 1% B#i ena#i i. i. +#m nR#NEl elk=p e R# . μzr Fr e1 ip ni8 +zrL i8in l' =ν %p 1l%il a p Ep ir. ip 1l%in e=p 'na4i iv4p i nm' +=m. +zr 1l% e= e 8 naμi44 8m. ir nai44 m μ nl%$m e]ir.
11
naμi4
e1rn
i νяr,
J zr,
nam iL%, aDi4 %B4r, n in, 1k= i8Bip iL%, iL% ui i4r, aDi4 e 8L na4ir, % μiL +i4 i#4E4rL n#i ena#i4 nl%6m i n u %6m eDikG eyr. e1rn n + i4 m 4i8m ena#i4in i14# %rGik=m 6k=m y ain#r. 1.4. 1.4. nm i# BG 4 %p n# μm m, u nai1 L, + %in Di4il n eL% nai'Ki# . ikeL *i44iνm Fm ip D yn . inena#i 8ki4l, u%i4l aΝ=μ#%in Fm an BG 4 in * 8 em. iin +nB 1 {A ey4 l . 6m up e 4 i n %$m u14 . 6 m i 3k=m eNE8n
nm u nai1 3k=m n ey u %4=m. iR#iR=p i#r
8 k%il
i8n
' d1
i νяr
ii;d1 ena#i4in d 1 nai'ir. i νя8k=
μn
ivn in
μnE%
1 r, i i1G i4r, naμi, 4μr +i4r iznr. ir%in n m i u L, ivi4 i n u L, n ey e%i4id1 nlL i νя in ;4 iR= F % ain#.
+i4
1.4.1. 1.4.1. i νяr + i4p m 4il μi i 4m en# Dk' on' uNA. iR= a8neN1R#i4 nai4il naμi, +%nr, i νяr enνm Fr R#i4 el Dk i ai# . ir3L i νяr 4 iR=m n iR=m +R#i4
eNA
a%p i4 .
i8pe 8m*U il
i. i.1017il
a i ir +i1n a yk 8pe 'i#r. 4p
12
i i1 p 1 d4il , u nai1 ki4 L R#iR= +i i4r e 8n u J'#in i8 ir. in e i4 nam i, i8kdEr nam i, i8 nam i +i4 i1m ni e 8L nud m, id m +i4R# eL%iin urnr. k= μnE4 izn +%n in i p 1p*% m 1p*3k= i4 μn nl% eN1r. i8;i ay4 r, +%nr a8%i4 + i i, mi i i, { i i +i4 ;4m 4i6m B8 i m Bk= u e] 4i6m +p i i4m nj i i i i%k=4i6m u14 i4 i νяrk=p 4n n en' =#ip iAin#r. 7 iv4il μnl%in a8 8 k%$m +zn nud $m nuNiin urn ii;d1 i νяr uiR=p 4n8m 4il e%i4id18%ir. irm a8neN1l m eDi . a8de4l%p * in i νяrk= 4i r, u14r, eme 8r, ;4 r μ i#p*p e 4r3m pe 'in#. i#e ]i4 i mm i
u %iin' ' dAp ' me 8L na 4n o8' en' a'i4idA u kin#r. μRJ#i4 nl%4n#ik i4i 4m, nai i4i nm +i4 nl%$m i νяr a8%ir. i44n#i e] nan= imi i%p
nae1 =m
nai4i r.
iv8nj
e4l%l nm ii;d1 y i νя im en# e 4 il km e R# . 1.4.2. ii;1 m a m en 'i N1l ' en# e 8314 , a Fpe 8L i N1n'; on# en =m. a k d d1 a8%i4 +i 8m ii;d1 a8%i4 i νя8m ipe 8% eLin#r. eiνm i i%k=m nai4il a eL i8J'%y ain# .
13
+i r i. i. ed1m nR#NEr. i mm i m, u nai1m, B μi4R#iR= u e4]i4r. ir m eLp E i njm 1n Fpe 8L on'L% . i mm; a n, a uN4 . R# um, u4irL 4Km uN4 +. 44l uNp l R#%ip . i u4ir3k=L3m ani8k=m. aN1m nai#n p Am e%i i'i' Ap*%in i14i6m a l B k%in uL3m i =i# . u4irL 4Km o i in R#m, um, u4irL '; i#n ' en J1 . i νяr +i rk=p iR r. ir +i r n# i njm 1n Fpe 8% 2Rin#r. n na 4n o8 uN4n, en'm uL%n eni#r. +l +i r J' l um, u4irL e y en i νяr 2Ril. i#p u4ir3m uN, u=m uN, i#n elR#iR=m aEp 14n an u4ir n#n, u= μ 4Km me 8%in u1l n#.
"u4i i# u1ki i# avK16k= i4 u4i k=in#r. i νяr i#νk=m u4i8k=m uL% in B B i m nm i νя eL%i =#ip i1 k i μki4r am=m. a 4m iG1 u$m i# i8i4 ar eLi#r. ..... i νяr eLp E i4R i#νL a1 =m. +l i#n i4R$L a1 n." 8 en' i νя in i n , i.xn ur in#r.
14
nki4 u nai< il ' i' en# i%k=m o8 ki4m p Ai# . on# me 8% R#in aEp 14Km FKm uL% en# 8 il μni4 'naB a i8ki#y' en# e 8L 1 im ki4m ai# . i νя in ii;1 il ' ' en 1K%k =#ik=m. ' m ' en , u4irL, 1m ( i i8i) +i4R# u1k eN1 u4i 1KL ep e 8L Am. 1KL on#; ar anr4i4 uL%$i8ki#r; e%i4i6i8ki#r en i ν i n in E im ki4 in e 8%=m. 9 iv4il i νr J'm a il u=NA, u4ir3NA,
iR#in
F
m
i#4n#i
inen'
2 il. i a m en# el6k= i νяr eN1 i%k=m. u=m u4ir3m i my i]m i#νk= i4 i< = L. i mm aR#k eN1 i;4m. i4i NAm n ii;1 i νяr dAm me 8L. ii;1y i]m me 8%n#i ' on' i N1y a4il en# 8 in aEp 14il ii;1 m e]n . a ii8n
ii;1 m
iv'
' 1k m an nk d 14=m. a i#n on' dA uN en# o8 nai4k 1n i#n, u=, u4irL en 4Km uN en# n nai4=m. iGin i νяrk= 2R d1 * Di4y n lk d dEn o8 ip =m. i ini r i,
si νя l R'ikp d1 ii;1 m enνm 4 k d A u nai1l l' in%in on#in d 1=m. u nai1 L J'm o8k d dER=m, 'p*k eL4ir J'm d dER=m i14i μ N, i;Ν, na 4n n i8;n en' e1rn 8m in%l
15
u nai1 %il J#p d1 i#ν1n iK d1p dA i%kp d1 . 'ni%in i84R# d A, nj i ena#i4il J#i4 o8 1KL d A, B J'm 1KL d A, +zrL J'm i i1 *k d A +i4 a $m uL%1ki ii;1 m u8 ." 10 en' i%k=i#r. il ; nm, en *%in aEp 14il μ#4 8 k% n4kik eN1 *=m. 1.4.2.1. 1.4.2.1. ii;1 ii;1 in 1 in i#p i4l*L \m 4 a#iK i NER=m uL% i1e%i4 ii;1 m iG i#p*1n nai p*i# . i njm en +y4il p i m i8;Er ; ap i m, na 4n o84n#i e#8r +r, en' e%iK' m k%nji4m siid1 m uN4in N a#iR μ4Ri4=m. n m i il m a m R#ik J#p dAL%R#k 1 μ#4k 4NA μ N d1 naBk=m n4μ# e# =m p 1 i#p*14=m. an i i ini m enνm eL B , B i =m. iid1 m B m en R=G i#n e 8L J'i# . R# i iL B m 1 en'm al aDi$m n$14 en'm J'r. +l i νяr B m en < μ14 a iG 4G$14 en' J'i#r."
11
e ii;1 nud p dE4idA kin# . ii;1 in nakm i# eNA on#. 6m i#n a%i in, u1l +i4 i#n eNER= e op 1 k eL%p 1 NE4. i 4 i#G in Bin =#$L% \ p ki i# μ] m u
k=m.
16
i#i1m i14# R' an i8 % ie4n' 1l +ni d1 iR= i4 i14=m en' i$' i# . +ni 16k= +d Am aE4rL F
naiL μn u14 +. uN4 ki on# μn$14 . i 4 u4 i4 nak=%l ii;1 m l i8m i 2R'keL%p e 'in# . nae1 =m eDi p n i% =in# . in i n naiL Fn#=m. a 8'. ii(& "m
m
im
i
ai
*S,n
3 m
ii,
m
42i m
RJ#i4R'L
m
) rm
ki
r m
en
, i (a) i,i
1 2 m ki m
i# n,
a %in nai, Fpe 8L R#ik =#ip iA . im en i# aΝ=m ena#i%G dA . *8<r m en +n {1R#m; a i# nad1 l uN1 4i4 BAp R#k =#ip iA=m. iR#in i%k iik m. 1.5. 1.5. i 4m a 1n ii;1 m ' Am nai4il u= uN; u4irL uN en' i νяr i$' m eL μnν kp d1 . avDi i#n av i N1νL3m anr4i4y, +nKk=L +ny izi#n. imFn' e 8d%in e1r $m uN nai4$m J'm a#il a m ep Am. i 4m en# nai4il d1p Am
17
1. i 2. ai 3. { n +i4 Fn' e 8d%in i4l*L u kp Ain#. i en a#iKL% en'm ai a#iR# en'm e 8L u14. { n +iFi4 me 8L. Bnin nai, up e 8d%in = L, i#4i4l* +i4 μ#4 {NAk =#ip i1pe 'in#. 1.5.1. 1.5.1. i \ iR= i1 +n i en'm n en'm =#ikp Ai# . i uNpe 8%=m. namzr i
'il u4i il uril nain# on'' (na. 375) en r. a#iK4 naiR=m +n, 8P\m ep Am a#iKk=m i8p i1 . ivn, i#n i4i8k=m u1=m. u4ir i#=m. ivK1l-u4ir i4*, B - B i m +=m. e i4zr m u4ir i#νk= i8p i14iR' en , aR#m u kin#n inm +ziL uk= i r R#il Nr na1in NA an' dEm p
(na. 449)
en# aE%il =#ip iAin#r. ar i#νk= m u4ir i8p i1l
+ziL
mp
R#
en'
e%ip A in#r. i ep Am +nin Jd1 il i% =m BnkL r, μ r, nai i4r ep A r. r en r ui4il i1rp dA uDl r. μ r PKil =8in k 1l ki al i i4l BA ' a1r. nai i4r en r i#p n# i e=i4l p 1 i#R eNA ey$m ann, 81n, n μi4 nai i4 m iL +r.
18
1.5.2. 1.5.2. ai ai en a#iR# ; am en'm D pe 'm. in p e ' n n +n. ai o8 nai4ii8n ine8
nai4
'm
n$14 .
n
a iR= \nai 2 il. i , 1. G m 2. iGi m 3. G mi4m enνm Fn' i iK%il a1 =m. 1.5.2.1. 1.5.2.1. G m m, i яm, m en R#il i#R#in =m m dA nai#l =m. +=l aDil il ; nai4 ; nai i4r μ r { n +i4r \ l u N1 o%iidA i]m. 12 1.5.2.2. 1.5.2.2. iGi m iGi m en μRJ#i4 m μ Fn' = % u14 Fp i i8i +=m. \ k= ei i14l ai en'm 4 en'm =#ikpe 'm. Fn' = L u14l i i=m en'm =#ip i1pe 'm. ik= L LmP naid= + y ak k%nji4m,
i i8i4i1m m, i яm, m e Fn' e 8dL u%. a epe ] m 'm n4 . #ikeN1 i8p . a o8 km i яm, m +i4R#iR=m m ai i n$1n JEp * i a m m e #iL +i4R#iR=m Re#8 km m i яm +i4R#iR=m m ai i n$1n JE +m $, яS, ap* i8ii enνm mk= P 3k=m aR#in U E d=m F =m. 13 en' i%k=m.
19
iGi in ' Am n i i8i4il a1 =m. ' dA naiR ii8i4=m. Br m u1l i i8i, a m, LmP L iR#l + . rni i4 d=m \ni i4 d=m i8p i1 . 1.5.2.3. 1.5.2.3. G mi4m m μ = L 2 m R'l il nai G
mi4m
' 1R#
+=m.
n
i zm
naiR=m
i]m
=m.
m
en#
=i,
in
nai4 iR=k
dAp dA i#n +p E, ui4l i46in# . i#p*, naizK, eirK μi4 μk nL in N a1 =m. il iR= i#p* μ nL il. a = nai i4 n on# uNA. ikm i#ν14 1 l μ eDild= r a y i% =m. ai iνL μRJ#i4 Fn#4n#i 8P \μm a1 =m. a rk=m a y izl i il a1ki$ k k . in 8P \ in J'% in m, n m, i8p*, e'p* +i4 eL%p Ain#. in inj\m ank %l i46m. 1.5.3. 1.5.3. { n { n μRJ#i4 i ai d= u4i y i8p n. l4m, e%Bl4m, i m, e%p i4m μ l4 = d= i8p i1n; aN1 = L enp Am L i4m, m, B i4m, \m $, ki μ u i4n; e i1 L ep Am i4 m, \ m, an m, +n m, a m +i4Km eN1n. uin i8;E na4n, enj\n'm nai i8p n.
20
i i8 4zr,
B' nai eA e iiA naBre] im* a+y ' ieA u#keA i#k (na. 1438) a +4 e 8n. en' i#in i%k=in#r. i#k
m,
i1m,
eNA
4#p A
i4 . ai in u4i y i8p iνm an i < L R#n. elR#i6m m A14 p i4i u14n. i#in iv4 % u8, e %i4 u14 ; aD= en n y i%ir ; y iz ; aNErk= a8L D =m n4 ; ark=m p y i% = . iv4 + %6m, +$ %6m a ikpe R# m +m. i#n i8i4in naiL Ln=m. a m, im, i m, anr4i, a8G en m. aR'L m en il i8kJd1 81n an Eyk eN1$m =m. im en ui4l naizKd= i4 1p*, p*, aDip*, a8L μi4R#G ey$m E eN1 E %=m. ivEm nanKm aii8n i% im i NE N1Km an e m ni8 i E L d1pe 'in#.
ivi
Em
Br%in
a %il
nai '14 . e ; ir m u1inN ni8 i1 %il i8na L iAr. i m en a nai4=m. +, μki4 a m en#i N1y i =#ikpe 'm. i 4r, n n#Km i n, Nn n#Km μ#4 ivEil a1 =m.
21
anr4i en el8k=L3m u4i y +nin i%ky a 4 =EeL3m nai4=m. a8G en aE4r evEil Di Ain# avE4 m u8yk eL%l; i8k4il%il nain'm i8n m i1n m di 8m L iv4il a1 =. e y4zr a8G il i#n nai4,
8n evK8m avK8m 8n ep r R#p r - 8n evNm ini i4 i8p
avNm +Di4n +m
(na. 2125)
en' =#ip idA =in#r. e i4 i dE4r i8L { in r a =m. i8l n# i8L e =m n naiR L. ivi88m uin y n4 y izin#r. i# a14
i8L
Di4Km,
a8L
8il
i4Km
8p Ain#L. i i4k keL3m i8%in Di4 1l NAm. i =#i i i i4r =#ik4il,
s i i4 aν;Ek=m μil i dE4p *8< k eNA i i4G ey avi8 $m 14 NAm. *8< n l ena8 =R=p i8m*l u 4 ikp d1 Re#8 ns. 14 eni#r. NG m 8$L% ,
N1 i
iL
i8%in
Lel μm i#pe E#p il μm i LR #i4Kmnan= + 4il #il ede1] l nai %iJr e 8n enanjin inai8r ml 3m ey$m e 8ni 4ri8k N8%. (i8L. 31) en' i4kin#r.
22
ivim
i86k=
aA
pe ' r
i8L. i nm i84A $ Di4k eL3m. iv' A eN1 ii;1 m ;m en'm m ;m en'm R#p Ain#. 15 1.6. 1.6. im im en i# a1$m Di4=m. m e i]m i8in a8Le 'l 4 zm en ip =i$L i%kpe 'm. i#ni#n n*'R= i4 ziin' iA e # uKm i8l a8L e 'm Di% i8nai%il i%km. 1. ki ena#i 2. i i ena#i al i ena#i i i4 i d1pe #iνm on#e4n' rn naiR . ki u14νk= a nai##p i i . i i rnνk= o8 nai4il ki in#i44 +in# . 1.6.1. 1.6.1. ki ena#i ki eν an in e]; i#n l eN1 n*; i# iN nam*l. ki4 i#n l o8 uy i1 l . na.p*e dE4r,
ki4i ReN1r kr - r ep A r. r eiνm i r eiνm on#4=m. uil na4l eL3m i m 8%l eL3m i m n m 8. a8%l eL3m i a%i in m 8 . . . . . . . aE4rL mp i n en'm 4n en'm 16 J#ikeLl i 6m e%i4m. en' ki4in +D nai4 ur in#r.
23
ip iena#i
edA
a %$m
Fn'
nai%$m
u14 . inena#i elR#i6m i#in an*k= i4 e 8L en'
nk8i
i#
i14#
inik=m
u4r
ena#i4=m. 1.6.1.1. 1.6.1.1. edA a L %rGi E%k =#ik=m ki4in edA a L R#i n in
enai4 %i4i *1kn #i$n 1 4# naie]knj μ14 inan ip rk ik=m (i. i. 254) a re] a ii i 4m*4 % μ en' J'r. iv L 1. i4m (em) - B4 keL% 2. nai4m - o]k$m i# nam ik$1νm na1 l 3. +m - +p 4iRi 4. i 4m - *n% o8μp A l 5. i i4 m - *1km 6. - i# E il i l 7. i4m - i1i1 i#G ini l 8. i - i#4ν il i% l ep = A ey4p Ain#. iv L *n% Uy ey i#n l r eyin#. i Uynai i6m
u1i6m
2R Am
i#
url
e%iin# . iR# Gr* i %il on# 4m i ip in# . 4m J'm iv %p R#ik =#ip iA4il i.xn,
24
in' nam ey4μE4 i e4l%G ir ni %6m ni %6m ey dAin#r. a4l 4m. FG a1k= , Fk= nui4 nakikeNA e%i4y udrni8p +i4$m 4l. i i 2R dA nan, e en# naiK a# oDi 4=m. iGi i4in e 8dAp Ep E4 aνdEkNE4 edA ii%4 4 ir = r. uL% Uyp A NEn μil u1k dAp A NAm. i l4i m +NA3k= μn zn ini4 \iL N1 8N. 17 eni#r. iv % ;μm μm keNAL%. eiνm
k= i4
ena#i%il
i%k 31n
i#4i4l
nakil i%ki ain#. iR#in aEp 14il kiena#i, r4m, \4m, ki4m en# nai%k eLi# . imFn'm Ep E4 %rnaiL.
iR#in
i'i4il
ki,
\m,
ki
+i4 ain#. imFn#$m ki4 in J'%Km d1m. 1.6.1.2. ki ena#i4in Fn' naiL ki ena#i 4m epe 'm. 4 i#4n#i ' i<4 %il m Di8k a$m Di4=m ( .B 8.8). ki ena#i, 1. r4m 2. \4m 3. ki4m e a$m. imFn' nai3m on#in %rμy Re#n' iz.
25
1.6.1.2.1. 1.6.1.2.1. r4m r4m i#nr nakm 8ip * i$m e4l A 84m ep Ai# . elR#i6m u4 i4nakm i# a14=m.
e
i#nad1 1n
* i$m
e4lL
i# a1R= i4 Di4k eL%p e 'in#. +l i# nad1en# nak al NAm. i zm i ipe 8 eL%m en# NAm naiL 4m ep 1. 8 4 1n R'keNE n. i 4
{A d1n
4m
an
nai;i4
4n R#iG
44=m.
i#i m
Bi4
84i k= u ie4n' 8iG ey$m i4 dA 8 n. al 8m eR#i li%p e 8d A l yG e4R'n. inG k = 4m en# =ik= i4 . 6m n ey$m e4l en# eNm idA a8%4 ik8 L ey4p Ain# en# in$m n# NAm. inr 84G i#p k J'4il, senk i4 L nam 1K% nakiG e6 in# ae%lm 1L. enk i4 L nam ik BDnaik= i] G 18 elin# ae%lm 1L als. eni#r. e y4zr
i#G
e4l%il
{A Am
nai4ik
BzkΝm nai4il i%k=i#r.
e] reNA U m 2ni e] m, e]Di enanj - ]in#i ni L R Km, E4 e]n (na. 2139) an m on#il a1
26
e]r i1eLr {n D 4 ] nain l e]r
(na. 2107)
naE6m nainE4 naAn naLe'm E6m nain*D An, mD6m e nDi 2nin e nE4 mAR= (na. 2169) enil en ek= i#p i* in nai4il 'enil en ek=' en' i8 l nai;i4 4 in R Am. 1.6.1.2.2. 1.6.1.2.2. \4m r4m μR E4=m.
i#n
\4m,
l
R'
R#yp
k R#i4
UNAm
i#G
ini 4=m. μl nai4i4 \4 keNAi1μE4 . 84 il nai;i4 nai41n in 1K%in iPr u μE$m; avKrK on#i4 nai4il i#n R#i4 in4k eNA i4i l \4=m. i νяr B ;4 il (2.53) i %l uN1=m +n \ 1n JE4 r4m 'Si i j\' ep Am \nai;14 uN1k=i# . an \nai;1, 4m en# nai4 R'ik=m eni#r. \4 in i% + ν m e%ii# . np n# i# + k%$m k N1l K1n ena8 i4 nai4 ey in#n. in + \i i#n eN1 e i ek 8i naiR n. n u4ir +N1in u1l en# eL$1n < m u1ν#n i* i4k 8 n. B ( .B 6.29) \4m pe R# nai4il 4 μ#4l N d1n a $m k N n, n u4ir el u4ir%i6m i8p Km el u4ir3m n u4i il i8p Km N n en' dAi# .
27
namzr m i8y eDi4il i#n e =m nai#n u4ir3k=L n naiR=m n4,
nn $L naBre'm n %n naN1m i e naimim e Di#k nil i1ne'm i1miz e 8Le'm (na. 2908) n e =m n %n iuN1 i$m a$m u$m i8m, a8m, u8m e$m e8m nνL% +i$m, +ki$m, k=m a$L iμl emn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (na. 2987) enν1 mDl uL% en# 1l%il =#ip iAi#r. P zr,
\ l nan=rn na n n na L l R'an r R#il aia r +k=ik=m
(na. 2184)
en' =#ip iAin#r. i ν nR#ni$m,
\m in nameNA naLe'm na rk= m eAp n
(na. 2856)
en' =#ip i1k m. 1.6.1.2.3. 1.6.1.2.3. ki 4m r 4 νm \4 νm i%$m + im ki 4 iR= μR E +=m. ki 4m en i#i1m eL3m +zn ki4in e%ip 1. i# naiL + aν m e # UNA. avν m i#k dik= n {A A m. \4 il =#ip i1p e 'm i4m ki 4 i6m uNA. nνL ni8k=m - an eype 8% nan=rn i4ikNAm. an μnk=p
28
i i4 naiRl . i ki, \m, ki en' Fn#yG d1pe '. B, ' eNin#i i14#l ep m
i#
4r
i4iki#r%
an
nai n 4ik= i# e%iil a14 μE$m en' ki eL% NE4 μ#4$m 4$m =#ip iAi# . ( .B 8.14). i14# ki4in n4G i nr,
s4e 8r n =m ey i1 p n* eNE8kin# aνk i14# m NΝ i4i# . an +zn naip 6m eNΝ6m, ν14 an* m i4 a83k= an i i#n. in* a1 m aνk= e%ii# . ip E i# i14# m eyin# e46k= ki en' e 4r. ivi il u14r i νяG i4r...............a a яinj\) en'm i m m i iR= i4k4m eyi8ki#rLs. 19 en' =#ip idA ki#r. +zr%in p Ain# .
ki4il
+N1L
in
elp
i14#
i#i%i6m
m
i#νk
+d 1 i8m i,
e R#my NΝm = il i#n naB =R#l e %k eL%R ................................................................................. eR#k=m 2Dz i#ik=m un#nA uR# 4m uknam +deym R#nam L R#r em y
(na. 502)
eni#r. i14# ki e6 NAm en# ar m d *=m. ip ki4 in udJ'%p ki, \m, ki +i4 ain#. eme 8A n izKm i in 48m eL3m nai ki. eme 8ν14
29
im \m. avν m a64il 8ni4i8 l ki en' a#i\r i%k=r. imFn'm ki 4 il na8m i#4ν ik eNA ain#. imFn' 4 3m Ep E4 %rnaiL. iR#il i#
{A dA
i1rp 1y
u i
ain# .
8l
a i4rk
en
i=n
J1
l .
+l ivi1r na *8<r k ke%p i i a8%p e 'in# . 1.6.2. 1.6.2. i i ena#i i#4n#i ' Di4il zin {1R#m il e iN nam i i#in i8E%il a1km *= i
ena#i
+=m.
i
rp m,
nai4m,
u 4ν;1m, i i en' ' =#ip i1p e 'in# . m (caran) en i8E%k =#ik=m. i8EL an#i ' i il en# e 8%il N (saran) a1l i en# e 4r e R' ai# . en = zr '8 4 m 14l un N all il' (na. 688) enin#r.
{A dA
i#νk=n
rp m
en
ui4l
in iR=
anji
naR i4 %il
i#i1
elp
e 'p $m op 1 - rp i zl en# m R#ik =#ip i1p e 'i# . i#n i8E%il m$m m e 'p*%$m op 1k=m n4il 8i8 , nai4m en =#iki# . u 4ν;1m
i N1m
Di
n
en#
1n
en'
e 8L
8m.
μRJ#i4 ki 4 % an#i 4y an Di, 1p iEkNE4 Di en# =#ip il u 4ν;1m ep Ain# .
30
i i ena#i en i#p* Di en# e 8L 8m. i i#p*, -a1l. μRJ#i4 u 4 % a14Km 1p iEkKm μE4 e%i4rd= i#4 a8%p d1 ena#i4p i i i% =i# . 'i#p* Di en i# u 4 L J'm u %il Di o] i4r 8m m +N1i1m op 1 an#i ' i4il e an i8 % a1 i i ena#i ep Ai# '. en Ne 8n B4il, ' 4r en ep E Di Ain# ark= nan ap E4 a8L * iin#n. r ! kL 4NAm en Di44 in R'in#r' ( .B 4.11) en' n. inena#i R#ik =#ip iA4il, ' ki en an i o8 2i n# . a Pik=m, 1K%in i8p i1 iR=m o8 e1r 2R A i# . a iKm E . ena8p i R#in n 4i il dE4 m n# ki rkm. +4il a#i44il Fzik i1kin# +n μki414 ki rkm iKm e%in'. i L i en# e%i4 rk el +nk3m 1p iE e%iil μki414k J'in#.' 20 e zi4R %nji4m i%k=m. ki ey4 μE4r kik= i u 4p i i4k eLr. ki Fn' nai%il d1p Am n i i$m % u14 . +n i iR=p i4 ik 1n in R# NAm. r4m μ eNA im {1#NAm. i# e]l on# a#in i4 rd= ivK ena#iL 4r 8. i Di%, 1 i4n μ#% a#i4 2D i#ena#i4il m {A A ikeN1l ak 1 R' i#in e 'p iiAin# .
en
Nn
B4il,
s
eli ui4l 8 %$m #n enG 1l on#4 eN1l an %p ki dm nal=ns enin#n. ( .B 18.66) .
31
i# a14i8m*m n μμd ep An. μμd en d il {A A dA n en# e 8L 8m. i i4k keN1il i nn ep An. 1.6.2.1. 1.6.2.1. i4 naAr n i# ena#i%il ell i i4 naE8m i nn nai en R#i iik m. ki ena#i4il J#p d1 r4m μR#G ey4 i#R#i8k NAm. i %in ude 8L u nai eNE8 l, ki ena#id= n nai4i eNi 8n l, μki4p e 'il 2R Am e ' k eL% i#p R' +i4 %il on#νm al νm eN1 o8n i nn en# naik= =i4in#n. i44n#i en =i$ill i#G 14 NAm en# +l eN1rk=m i i ena#i 4i# . 1.6.2.2. 1.6.2.2. i4in e 8 i4in eRe# u m.
u4rp
kiena#i$1n
op i1l
Fm
r4m μ ena#id= , i a#iK p Am. 6m aG i %il ii L% a k 1%$m eyi1l NAm. i a1$m i nνk= i#νk=m Br3k=m uL% e1r a#i m. i# 1L μn$14. ki ena#i Krk= an i#i 1L i4il il. 6m kiena#i4in r4m, \4m +i4 p e R# in +n im i1k=m. a ki ena#i4il u4rG rk=m. +l i av#n'. i 4 ' En#i a k3m i i4k eN11m. a e#n#$m F NAil. ki4in n4il \μm ki$m l .
32
ki ena#i r%l yk a i . i i4 μ]nam ik u14 ark=m e%i4 . ki ena#i rnn n μnip 4n eAm k i8k NAm. a ip 4n3m aν ik NE$m na8m. i i i#G 1n nai4i4 in#ip n l . u1idA +i i in nai4i4 eNE8k=m. P<m,
i ik= nai4μm nai4μm i nai4μm ai i nai4μm nai4μm il
dm
k
(.P<. 24)
en' =#ip iA ik8 iR= a N ey$m. ki ena#i4il i#4E4n n e1rn {A A i aR= i4 1%G i G eyl NAm. edA u'p n ad1 4m in#i44 . i4il o8n o8μ# μ]$1n n i#i1m op 1 k eN1l, m. i# 1 =L 4il. ki ena#i4il BNAm BNAm i#k=m E μn ip 4n UNAm. 1nn, ki4i n' μn ip 4 aν ik e#8 i#i eAk 4il. BNAm BNAm i# ν i4 i%p n. 1.6.2.3. 1.6.2.3. i naiL i +' naiL eN1 . innaiL i a1in u'i4 nam ik4 e%ip A . a 1. i#νk= en'm aνJy i8k=m u'i 2. i#νk= u e4l%il {A 1i8 l 3. r u 4m al ki il n e%i4p i nn url 4. e 8i1m μ]4 nam ik 5. i#i1m iAm E 8m nai 6. n i#n i8E%il op 1 k eL%l
33
en m.
i'inai4il
i
naiL ik= i4 EL i en# eL%m.
a1n6m
en#
μnn
nai4il
aR#$m
1.6.2.4. 1.6.2.4. i L i4k keL3m i nan= p Am. 1. 2. 3. 4.
μ#4in
aEp 14il
nai;1 u inai;1 + i4nai;1 nai;1
nai;1 en ik= i4 ena#iL μi4R# nan=rn n μ4Ri$1n i#G 1=m. i i L a#i46m 1l R#i μ#4y u 6m i8k=m o8n n zin 1 R# iR= 4r en' al6R' a zm 8ni i# NEl all
8n n. B8m en#
nam ike4n# u inai;14=m.
1l
Di4k
eNA
aG
m + i4n i#i1m eN1 i nai;14il νm {A dA μ i e #l + i4nai;14=m. nai;1
en
i#4E4
r
i#i1 il eN1 i nai;14il a1 i4i8 =m. nai;1 ep Am innan= 3m e%i44. i14#
eiνm
i#G
in$m
{i1m
n
μ]4 n e#n' 8 id μm NAm. innan= %il i#G 1l Fm BA ' e #m.
ip 4n
eAm.
BNAm
i#
nai
e #m.
34
i 4 4n 8m u4rGi 8i4 il i k i$' p Ain# . 6m o8 μ# n a1kp A ik eN1l . av1k a ui4l n ii8n iAik=m *8<r nall . 1.6.2.5. 1.6.2.5. a1km nal=m a8L i#n n a1nrk= a8L nal , a1km NAm en# iNp m ey nai4i4 y l ]ik eLi#n. +n {1R#m =#i G in ey4 i#ena#i4il uL%m ik o8n i8p il aνk= {8L idAil. ni J#i i#n aE%il N
*=m
nai4il
aν14
u'ip d1
i#n
'B1n
i'
uki#n. i 4 il
=#ip i1p
e 'm
i iR= μ]$m e 8n m on#=m. 4n i νk= nal6 J#i$m u il. i#n a i n
i8E%
k=
a 4m
nal=m
en#
iN
nam ik eNA a z N *=nn. an4 i m ep Am '' Di4in#i naAl' B1n i4il *p Ai# . B1νk= n m nar4il a1km {n i n a eNA 2Rin#n. a1km n a i$m nali B1G i#p*G ey$m i#48L e i=m. i 4 a8Le R'yn m R#i4 ; ir a +zr en# nai4il , 'i B<zr' en' =#ikin#r. i zm i i n 8$1n a1km nali4k m r,
i4 an# 4= 8 4rk=G B i4 n naki iinR i#n N1; P i4 $n mp *l*=n rk=p e n# +84ir eA k r eNi a r am (m . $ . 426)
35
+n a 4 en# e ] 4 4 m { 1p e1n i4m iBr; en l n ii' eNk 1en? i n n! i naB4 e4n4iR eri (m . $ . 425) en' i i n JR#il u kin#r. il { n 1nrk= a8L nal=m L%l n *=m. n, =n, i, ki Bn, 4nn, m e nr 8k= i#n a1km nali4 i 4m dAm. il nji, e% r i6 i$m nai4il nk k eL3m μ4Ri$1n EL. 'i#
a 4m! N! a 4m!' en' a#iG 14, aL 4r Brk i#n
i nn.
a1nrk=
u1
an
il naiR=m
naBNA
e 8iR'.
i#in
njm
a8 =m
naikR . i zm nji *z e 8i1 a3k= a8L n a8L naiz ili* U r, s.....................
a8Νi 1 anjl i6 in a1rn il i8na' r=i4 em e 8n i4Ek i4m L +#i4i8 1 N anj em*l %nj
# i#n
ey #r el6m J#l in in en# R#i =%irn nail # aizU# u1l*%i uL% eμ8 i%
36
a8# eli4na 4i μm u Dk r R'm i8rGenj B#E4n i8Gei4il NeDi en#i 8ren =Dnin naA n n#ik i4μi 4νm i#e rk=m e i4R 8 eyn (ili. . m . 246-248) en' Nin a8L3L%m *p 1 8ikin#r. 6m il i n μi48k=m i88L * inn. B4il Ne 8n,
en l m eni1m ki PNA en + i iAy. en =, en4 a1y ( .B 18.65) uk= u'i J'i#n. ekii4n naB en' a8LeDi naikR . iv8L
e #
inr
dAm
=i$14r,
ir
=i4ir en# m 1K%i1 il. i# naAm eN eN1 4 $m i ik= ai i% i#n eN183in#n. i =#i na.p* e dE4r =#ip iA4il,
s8n μ =ni4in kL F8m na= r3m ie % i4A rn NG N*kr. irL > i i4r. m o8 #, a Km i i G 1n . %i4n o8 eE4 nam, a Km Ni1m a1km *k . яni n, na 4G 1nn. i B<zr a kr = n, aνm = G N*kn.s 21 ep l' il
uL% 48m
u i4 e iikin#r.
i#G 14
37
i ik= = P %in# . u i4 ena#ip E i# aΝ=l NAm. i# = P m u14n,
i#ν14
a8G
i#p*14 .
μRJ#i4 aE4r
Ln
nai%il
evK8il
i#
i4ikin#r% avK8il n83m nai a8G m +=m. +zr 8m a8G il {A dAp i i eyr. P<m '+zrL i1 %i6m i i NiR'
arG i' en' =#ip iAin# . (.P<. 38). Bin i i dAm μn$14n', μ4NAm. B μ4Ri4in μiril i#8L
Bνm idAm.
2eil n#ii1 p eL3m an* n# l4μm u i +% k4i8k=m i μm u4rnn, znn en# il e%Bi4μm e%i44i8k=m e%p i4μm a8G i nai#n p Ain#. iv8G il {A dA k= a1km NAm aE4rk=
i#n
NE4
a8%
elm
e Di n.
iv8 84 i naik= i4 *]k=m nk=m aEp 14=m.
il
ii;1 m
enνm
; in e%i u p e 'in# . ; in u4 i4 naik=m eR#ik=m iG i4in i4l*L e 8n 4y naiRin#. 1.7. 1.7. 4n i i μ ena#i%k keLl 2R Am 4n *8<r m +=m. i# a1R= i4 u 4 % μ]4G ey nai4il i1k=m BA ' *8<r m ep Ai# . *8
38
'*8<r m en . *8
e 8L.... +n a14NE4 e 8L m r6m iP ν m e '6m +=m' 22 en' =#ikin#r. iA e 'm nai B1=m. in BA e 'R 1kp d1n. i , ai , { n% a#i , ik dAk%iin' iA 1Gey$m. ai μ nai%il i8n iA e ' *8<r in μl E. +l *8<r m a#iil dAn'; i# eNE nai#K e 'in# . k%nji4m ik =#ik4il,
+n 1K3kG μm eyin# . ai4 iP +n k Ni# . i4 in 4ip iP p i mν p e 'in# . iv' ν1n Lki4 $Gi4m. +n p i4m ki4m i NAm e 'i# . in aν m { ν14 a8%l =N1 il idA P i6m idA=m. 23 en' =#ip iAin# . ip*i4i4 in m e R# namzr
#i #ip i#p*m i#n aE4 a1n uL%m #i {#il in i8eL%m 4nFzin
(na. 3071)
en# aE4il =#ip iAi#r. n
μ]4
i#i1m
op 1 G
1nn PKi6m in m e 'in#n. 1nn =np i$m e 'in#n. e ki e6 rL, =#ip id1 na%il i#nl naRi idAm en# 4#L uL%. +l
i i4in E
na1p νk=
ikdAp AL
e$m
il. enna%il u4ir i in6m =nm uNA. i namzr m i8yeDi4il,
39
m +=mnL a1nrk= elm l =nm eAk=m i n
(na. 3884)
en' =#ip l u m. 6m ar,
i%p y i%p y enanj enn i%k nanrL R#i - i%pe y nayn l nal=n nalp n yn evK4irk=m n
(na. 2607)
en' =m m i#n a eNi i4ki#r. =nm naAm o8n, ivKil e 'm 4n% N1 i iL,
=n uN Be1 #i1 lrk=p e y=n'm eyi mi B m e 8n map l ey=n#m an %iR#%r anjm i#$N1m e y= = ke r i%k=m ik' (i8l. 46) enin#r. i =nG 1nrk=p i# u n L e 8%
en#
8 il
e]n .
ivKil
ν m
e #iνm nRe#dA iv4 %il 44yk eL%p Am m naAm eNm BA ' N1y +zr in 1l%il e i4k m. m R#i +zrL ' m 1l%il =#i L%r. namzr "iN14il BR#i8n +L m B1" (na. 3098) en# aE4il k =#ikin#r. i8 4zr e i4 i81il, "nνm A i n N1 in nannaAKL anr ili4in A y - Be1n'm ene#ikN en# G ...................... ." (na. 2719-20)
40
en' =#ip iAi#r. i8 4zr i#i4 i81i6m Bn BA ' e 'k BzkN1' i%k=in#r.
r * i4z PN1 i4Di r nai#i n N1 k BNA*k= + μm a eyi 4ilnain'm (na. 2675-75) oDi on'N1................ e%ik= ap l e nνil ivi4 N1 il i4r u1ν#4 8m nai i4r, μ r en' l8m 2 i#n e6 BR#i8ki#n en' G 4 ir i1y nam*in#r. n μ]4 op*k eA G 1n o8νk= BA ' a%i l en i#n i4i# . ip 4n%il an n*# Nm BNAm i#4 aR#k e1G eyi#n. B nA il Lki4p A ik eL3l izGi$'l iR4n#iG Bνkil. Br%in uN4 i ik= i#n dAp dA naiRi#n. Bνk=k 1 R#m nal=m i4 BA R#l nai#R'in#n. iv' BA nal=m nai u4ir u1 ii8n iA Aii8n =i# . 1.7.1 arGi i rkm Di =nm rl % nan=rn in Bn znaL B Dink= 8ni$m, Bid= anji$m i8k=m zin uyKk= u i4 u 4 k keL%NAm Bn u1idA e%i4' rni i4 3m \ni i4 3m 1n ikp Am. in i i U k 1n Bn i ikp Am. i mnaE Di4y e%i4'm B aki μ rL R' Dina1 r. in nuNΝ1m p G ey , i я enνm nai4 NE eli a]k=3m %4p e R# Bn m en# B i#l a8%p e 'm. l u L iD iv4 N1 il nuD$m.
41
a = ip i i a8%i4 + i4 k NA e]m. in iv4 e y i]m i#k NA ν m ey m.
24
=n il eme 8k N k N1 Bn, %i m aν i m an +n eL% il Fzi4i8k=m. i na 4n anzr B i481n e]n8%, μRJ#i4 nai i4r, μ r31n i#νk= i4 m E, +zr L E a enna3m aν ip r. i ; nm iP i mν m enνm. i *8<r m +=m. i ir4r i nn μki41n in a1$m e 8m a8nji#p*%,
ak (i#n) NA ap n# = %p e R' an i8E%in BD anan, 81, i;kr μi4 nai 4m i ;E$1n *=n , n eli1 i6m el nai%i6m eli r4 )i i4$m e R' +nk 1il FzinaiR n. iνk= a i8n o8 m i8m*l il. in n i;1p E na1p m r4 il a1 i4........ p k8i N1 iR= n en#6m iνk=G i#i m ν ) iR= i1e#n 4il. im μ#4k eN1 iνk= i8m*l ile4n . i 4 25 ν iP i mν m en . eni#r. *8<r in μ]p 4n i i eyνk=k i1ki# . PKil ]m R#' m ip 4n eA m i#n naiRi#n. a μ]4G 1nr=G m]m iL 2 il. i# u 4 %in Di i# a14il μ]4 4n idAil. i i ena#i4 i# a1R= i4 i#n Di. a μ]4yp 4n l en# nakil ii;1 m i i4in 4G dAm.
42
4n ep Am *8<r m 4rk=m u i eiνm 1nrk= nai4iL 2 R' a8L D =l eN k . Bn ip i i4il i#4ν il Fzi i% p *8<r a1i# . 1.8 i4l μE*
1.8.1 ena#i4il i en# p il an ivi4l, il in nai4 eA kdAin# . an d AL u=, i#n, +n =#i inL, a ii8n ' Am nai +i4 d1p dAL%. 1.8.2
ii;1 m
i#
aΝi1G
dE4
ki,
i ena#i%in n, enL +4p dAL%. i4in nL e p 1 i%kKm dAL%. i ena#i in ED4 ain# nak k . i zm i#48L e R#r e 'm 4nL *8<r m en# =i4il i%kp dAL%. 1.8.3 i 4 e]i= n in k il n iνk=p e 'm = uNA. arm p R', p r, 1p*L +i4 =#i 8i4il m.
43
ne#N i%km 1. k%nji4m - e=i 5, k. 454 2._..u 4n R#k i + yGi$m i 8 __ 'm, k. 50-60 3. ini r i, iz iki4 il m, k. 169-170 4. i.xn, ini4 \m, k. 3-4 5. Satyavrata Singh.A, Vedanta Desika - A Study, . 417 6. k%nji4m - e=i 9, . 303 7. i8;Si ay4 r ( .+. & .+.) e niD r, . 123 8. i.xn, μRJ#i4 nl, k. 336-337 9. zi4R %nji4m e=i 9, k. 800-801 10. ini r i, μRJ#i4 nl, . 169 11. 12. 13. 14.
k%nji4m - e=i 9, . 304 na.p* e dE4r, μkiena#i . 37 k%nji4m - e=i 9, . 305 i i i4r, μnν - ip i nm
15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25.
naяn, + i4r m, . 2 na.p* e dE4r, a8 njm, k. 89-90 i.xn, μRJ#i4 nl, k. 223-224 i inr, 84m, . 69 i nr, ki4 i%km, . 19 zi4R %nji4m, e=i 8, . 670 na.p* e dE4r, μkiena#i, . 118-119 , . 5 k%nji4m, e=i 9, . 306 na.p* e dE4r, μkiena#i, k. 137-140 i i i4r, μnν - ip i nm, . 65.
44
n iin zKm k=m 2.0 ; in id $m %$m uL%1ki ii;d1 k d A e]n . n in aEp 14il e]n ikd d1 i νяr a8%ir. ar e 4 il i i νя i nm en' aDkp Ain# . ikd d1p p*m μ4Ri4i6m in u4 i4 k=% u#i4G eyi6m i νя in B1rL e 8m eN1R#ir. B1r m 4il n 8m i νя in d d1$m ena#i4$m p*in# i44 m zin e 8m #k eNE8nr. iGB1r bn
m 4il in
=#ip i1
k y
ini4
+r.
i%irn
il
nR#NA% i i1m e R' iz r en' n ip
R#iG
i4i i
=#ip
iN
1
n iin eLL ar nak k=m. i4 8 i4l (School of Thoughts) u8keN1. i i im en'm i m i 4 L en'm
eN11p Ain#.
ii;d1 p
i
p ir.
aEe4R#ip
i p
r
R#ie4]n
iL%4ni, i i p in R' iG i#p*14 en' i$' i# . innin aEp 1k 8 i i i4r, "in *Dp En#i ujяBik μE4 . ar
+ yn N1 )i nm ujяBikG =m. in = %p E a i8 il L #n m. a a8%n#i u 4il".2 en'
=#ip iAi#r.
i 4
e 8k=m
*]k=m
u i4
4il n in zk a$R# i%k= ivi4in e 8N e ai# .
45
n in zA in ; $m ii;d1 $m irm 1p*L Di u m. irm
1p*L
R#i4
a#iμ $m
ivi4l
eNE =i# . 2.1. 2.1. zi4l eyiL n in zi4l eyi% i%k=m ip =i4il ar i#n m, e R#r, a Gi#p*, m, li, eyB a8Le #l, p r * il, a8L naizKL, 4 l, B1rL, e R# i8 L +i4 i%kp Ain#. 2.1.1. 2.1.1. i#n m iz Jr nal6il 'eN1 naA n#81 ' en# *z i%k=m B i4 =i4=m. imN1 il li, Li l
e i48m
n3m
a i L%r.
innadEn
Ne iz nji na =m. * L snar%il nji's en' R'in#. 4kli i%k L, a#irn L e]i izn lik %k nji izn . iknjik=p *z rk=m 4il n in i il n#ir. iGeyi4p iL%4ni,
uy$m 4il u i$L n i L4n i = Up*R iL%....
( iL%. 4)
en' =#ip iAi# . u i en nji4k =#ik=m. iknji4il 'Up*l' en# il ir i#n4l 'Up*l iL%' ek =#ikp Ain#r.
46
2.1.2. 2.1.2. e R#r i1m i ap*L%r enin# + i 4 i νяr nji na il ii;d1 iR n y iznr. ir m k4r m. im 4p *N1 id 4i en rm n ananm i m * in eN1r. i m id= e=na% p ' ykil. i8 1 i ar a8%i4 n in a ikp e R#r. il =Dnk=p e R#r ' 1nan' en' e 4 id1r. ir nR#ni, 'Up*l anan i4r el*zr nn' en'm, 'ril m nns en'm n iin e R# k =#ip idA k=m. (i. nR. 28 & 75). 2.1.3. 2.1.3. a G i#p* p ' NE ananm i$m m$m Dip d14l n 4il i8i4in a y 1n ard=k =Dnp ' a8%in. i 4i nai]m *i naizp *# uL%rk= u ki# . oi4 ii4G ei4il rki# . i zm i4 o , ii;d1 p i y an e 84p lrk=m u p enνm ena#i4il n in a m an L% . i8k 4il i8i4in a y in n i n ir m,
..... 1 4il ni4 i4in Je# n en'
=#ip iAi# .
ir
nR#ni,
n
(. m. 99) i8
n iyp i#nk =#ip iAi# .
i#
47
i
e4R i4
ey%k
ii
i
1in a m en'm i νя in a m en'm inr R#i 8in#r. na 4 i % 4k eNA a#iii% nr%k 4R# i u8il +r4 n'in#n ep i L in# E4l uN4il ir in a .4 en' p e i4rL =#ikin#r. i zm
i8
i8k4il
i4$m
i8
na$m n in R#p AR= aEp 14 arm 4 eN1 ai# . 2.1.4. 2.1.4. m n in k =8 m nlL e%i a'i4idAL%. G i48m m nil ir k =#ip iAin#r.5 i$m 4371il ir i#nr en# 8 p E i. i.
1268
il
* d1i
i L
i8
nad i il
a i r. ir o8 nR#NA zni8n 4p i4R#ir. i. i.
1368
il
i8naA
rnr.6
irm
nR#NA
zk4$m, eN1$m BzkΝm R'μ# i4n ur m.
naiμm nD nan#L mD na in #n #D - \i4rL eni4i rUp*l n i inνe8 nR#NA i8m. (+zrDik= r '. . 202) 2.1.5. 2.1.5. li n in m i' 4il e] kli R' n il na1Ur amL +4in E m i1m i ap*L% i1i8n , ni , i n, *%k R' rnr. i amL JR#k =8 m i m,
48
u14r nai4p Ek= ;4i%G ) i il inai4ik=m E iL%n nai4m en'm... an ) i m Sp N1 v8 n % in Up*R iL%4 en' u14r i8KL%k 8 4i8k=m...... naB i8k= +n Di4y n i8n r %$m iL%n Di4y n ;4, i<4 %$m u14r i8KL%μk=m )n4 Si 31n p i$m.7 en' =#ip idA ki# . ap*L% i1m m, ivi4p i nm, 8km, i4 m μi4 *% i$rnr. ir ap*L% i1m li$m urn =8 ki$1n izn eyi4
e L i1m ik = i 4p*L%rn rG E rn inr m8%l na 8nen 1eDi naRe 8L e R#nam i Up*R = e4mk 8% ( iL%. 17) en' iL%4ni i%k=in# . 2.1.6. 2.1.6. il#m l i %il rn aR#p i#rk= a#iK' m naip e1yi4 n iνk= arm e R#r m * iikk 8ir. i#p ki, N*nan +i4 nai#n 'i8 ' en# =i4p e R#r +4in E nr. eiνm ilzil aizn i1l i p e DiK%il m in4G e6 i nr. i#p i4i4 in e6 i4 n in il njip 8%%n n#i m a8L nai#n +NK i#k=m en#8%in. iin naR ed1 4il =Dn i#n . ak=Dnk=p 8%%n i8nai4 ' n' en' e 4 idA iznr. i48m m n4 o \μm iN$m e R' i% ir.8
49
2.1.7. 2.1.7. eyB a8L e #l ap*L%r m * Di4il e R# 81 ni n iR= u i r. i88m amni i84ini * m en# na%il a E4il arn i4i r. a8k=p e i4 i8E en' R#p Am 81zr n#i (4ki Br ni $m, (4ki Br E $m a8%ir. i8 4zr a4ki Bk 1K%,
μnivK ]i8L NE $N μie A rL ip n nν nalp e 8% elm iμy a8%i4 em n Nin
(na. 1619)
en' iki#r. d=m a#iKk=m {n ek =#ikpe 'm (4ki B p e i4 i8E a8%i4 ni l i4i ir. av%4il (4ki Br n#i a8% aμe {nr. avμm 8i4 nai4il el \ 3m p e R#r. ivim e R# m \m eν 8 il n in m ai G i il
eL%p iμr i yi E4m uL% e]i4 4il id1m..........
(i. i . 95)
en' u kin# 8 k . n in i# =m i8p il 4 i ReN1r. μp nm 4il 1 ini4, enini4p =i%il i8 4 i ReN1r. %im* m, iG m, 1 , a4 i, i8nm, i μi4 1 ini4 d= e]n8%ir. i8 1m, i8pe 8m*Ur, i8 m, i8k=1n, i8ili* Ur, +zr i8na i, i8kijr, i8na 4* m, il μi4 endA i8 d=m en' Di Am na%il +zr3m + i4r3m i6m a8Gr B m n z ir.
50
u14r a8% i8pe 8m*U i6m, i8na 4* i6m, i8 i6m e R#r. +N1L a8% i8ili* U i6m e i4zr a8% +zr i8na i4i6m e R#r. 2.1.8.1 2.1.8.1 p r * il i νя in ii;d1 il n in +zn * e R#i8nr. u14r e]i4 ;4 p e 8 i4p*1n 4in#r. ak 8 #k N1 m i#i nakm ek8ir. i ai8ii4il,
F i% e4on #i N1 eDi4i NAm en #ie4 nain# avi n nν $m Din μnm 8 #k NE1 \m *] nanir na (i. i . 96) ek =#ip n Fm u m. i 4
{A d1l
μrn
i n
nn4 en# u'i$1n n in i%k=in#r. ivK'i 6pe R'p i# 4k d A%il an n en% + yn k Di ey . iv yGGi4 i# 4 i81n %il {A 1 nain# em. a i4 B m, u14rm a p 4,
a4nj 4k % %4 a8Nl 4p 4ir %rk en'
J'm.
aq
{NA
n
(a i. B . 6&7) iνk=m
e 8n m
JR'k%m. irm p r i#4 i nR#ni,
l ii i #4
n nam 8il - ey8m {ep ( ) il4i (=) ip E4 a e m dAm ir (i.nR. 14)
51
en'
=#ip iAi# .
ir
ey
=8 m p m i% p i# .
p
r%k
9
2.1.8.1 nji4il ii;d1 %r 8m 4 #i o8n n id1n. a en' ; i n nai nadEr. a NA e # uL% y 4 #i a8i8n =% il Fzi naB k =E , B4 ni m e i n. il n iin 4i' i N1 . u1 in a8i8n o8 Uk B# #i =E naBr elm UN Di4 e%i4#i4 . #i in nip* NEn. 2.1.8.2 i8 il 1nadEi8n n 4i o8n n en' J#i p 8k=p aD en#n. ip d1r n iνk= iA r. n in i8 iR= e]n8%i a $m naGi4 $m ir. in e i4 N1 il e]n8%i ii;d1 nai nadE 4i4 RG eyr. a νm naGi48m m uni1 i8 L a%i r. ivp rk 8 kL U<i4y u8pe R#. 2.1.8.3 i8; iGi n en# a#i\$m iNEi en# *$m n in i6m *4i6m en#r. arL i in aE e] ir. 2.1.8.4 i i4 i4r en# iя4 na + i4r iin D8m +r. ar iνk=G ' p * y NAm' en' aDp* iA r. a ' 'i#p i4 m i' en' a#iK' i ' ki4 njm' en# ey$d% aνp iid1r. i i4 i48m a NA unr.
e]i
ine8 i i4 i48k=m i#ie8 4ik=m naizn μEeyl i8n . i i % n iνk= e]i i8μm aνp ir. av iR= naAKnai k i8K% eNA n in i8μ G eyi%in 'p* % e]i ii;d1 ey en' a8%iG eyr.
52
2.1.8.5 i 4 %4n#i in o8 i iir i
iR= aD r. ir k eir i1 ' r. 2.1.9.0. 2.1.9.0. a8d eyL n in i8 il a naGi4r a8%l 'r ni Sni r' en' i8 e R#r. in e 8L 'L
4i6m lr' en m. i NAe # ir i p dEk=
aD r.
*zrp y an.
ip dEL
n
iR=
10
2.1.9.1 o8 m dE, 'n en#iA' e n * i4, n in 4il 2] A%k B#ir. akA% N1 μE4 m*L 4 i. μEil m dE ni p m* on# 2 a A% B#i i BN1 n . av%4il in 81 ni m я i r. ap 81n n#ip m ik e iG en# . m dE eN1idA i nik NEn. an l i i4 aNl ni p m BNAm an e #G eyr. 2.1.9.2 o8 e n, n lr ? e iin. a i1G i#p o8 i' dE an e8k a1kir. ar dE4 i' in'm i84Bni * il p Ai# . 2.1.9.3 n ii1 p e # eN1 ir i mG i o8 UNE ii1m e 8L N1G eyr. ir i8% i aνk=p e np e 8%p e R#i1G eyr. i i +i r E4 ' ' ik= op i#p*14 . i#rke NEp e 8%Bn n in ke 4en'm 4ikil. unji8 ik=G en# m i i1m i m eN1 ir id1 e R%k 46m e1l l L%i ikir.
53
2.1.9.4 o8 iR i n ii1m a u8 a i E i1 NAm en' J#in. i88m u1n d1r. an#4 i il i#n n#iG i a4 NE4 E k J#i a8%in. a z iE 4il m E e]il ey iR i4 en#r. e]il ey E in E4 iR i$m n iin i4G ey in. i#n a8de4lL
a8L .
J1,
i
n iin
in ey
ey i#
e%ip A y ain#. 2.1.10. 2.1.10. 4 il iin = lG 4 %in i n %$m NArn ii;d1 nai nadE4 e 8 n iνk= uNA. a dAn#i m 4 iR= narn i1'%$m lnai%il ki a8%ir.11 2.1.10.1 i8 il na4i iv4p i n m μ4Ri4iG ir 2R ' r. aGmDil iz na4i iv4p i nm en' nai'ir. 4iil ey iD a #G eyr. 2.1.10.2 i8 il n in i il i8Gi p L%i4 8ki4rL kir. arL 4iil *kJAm en#nji4 4il i4%rL, Fr i4ik R l # r. aDi4 %n Em ud 1p Lme n i%p e dE4il idAk dA Di4yk eNA en#r. d=G en# in i'i4il i8p i4il i#p E L e]n8%G ey4p d1. innaiz a#in n in μm e 831n elk 8ir. ap ip d1r m e]i4 '8 en# n$m m i%nji#r i8 $m i i' a4 i1i8n k NEr. i zm uKl e 8% e1rn el i1G l*14 ; a e 83k=m
54
un en# in4il n in an e 'p 2R#r. i8 ii8n '8p i i'4 eA keNA, ip d1 in =Dn31n i4 m en#r. a = ip d1 in n + yn an e 84k NArnr. annp 8k=m a#iK' i a ir naie #G eyr. 2.1.10.3 8kr 1e4Ap l i84il e]n8%i4i8n aDi4 %n E BNAm i8 k 4iil Di 1NAm en# i8p*, n iνk= e]n . a 4m na 4n en# nn ani4 p *# eL%Gey enji4il i naL Di dAp in BNAm i8 il Di dER= 2R AG eyn. a i#n il ur i48% i izeyir. i8 m n i# μn l Di dA iznr. na 4n k eN1 ilG i i k J1 ii8n aR#p dA i8n 'in p e 8%' BNAm i i;1 ey Di dER= Di ir. m 4 Di d1p Νl Fm n in p nr. en, ir nR#ni,
nna nan iR(=)+d ey u miv u4ird=en(') r - i Brk n iy n( )ui (i.nR. 11) rkm en' n l e n ip R'i# . 2.1.11. 2.1.11. B1rL n iin i n in uN4 urn an l {rp*R'p r m in4G e6 ir. armμL =#ip i1 kr ni8r +r.12
55
1. i4r (n iin = r) 2. i ni Sni B4r 3. eNeyk J B4r 4. =njmPr BiG i4r 5. Br p iL% 6. i8 BiG i4r 7. i B4r 8. n1 em r 9. i8 naln 10. i1m ip iL% 11. =Nr iL% 12. Up*l ap R=#ip i1pe 'm B1r ni88m i i k 8 il eNA a %rk=m i4i6m n iνk= u1i8n uR'Di ey$m i4i6m m {A A ik eN1r. n ip *zn 1eDi4i6m izeDi4i6m i4n%$m Di i8na %$m 1 m +p R#ir. irL 'ir μiL' en'm
R#p Ain#r.
ir%4n#i
i i1m
i6m
dE4i6m R#r3m B1r% #ir. ar3L i8;iGi n, iNEn n#rL =#ip i1 krL. n iin i8k= 8m na4i i4r en' R#p A 8 = i4r,
n 1 nar4 iri i n r4 r4 nnai m uR8i
(=8.p . . 151)
en# 1eDi i4 i4R#ir. i i4n m 1eDi nl3k= μn i1 n in a8L* inr. i m Sni B4r i4R#i4
56
i νя 4 m \ k4 P<m 1 nar4m n n im (i. i .i4n, . 1) en# 1eDi i4 ivi4 i nm μ i3k= μn i1 ir a8% D ir. i44n#ip iL% u i4r i4R#i4,
Be n' Up*l i8 1μ14n e n#G en DeDi$L - e n' 44 i4il zrk= #p %Km zK (i. i .i4n, . 1) en# i4 m ip i % izp i n d= μn i1 i8KL%m * inr. 2.1.12. 2.1.12. i8 L i8 il p r * in a i% en# il a naνm a naGi48m μ#4 'n i4r' en'm 'r ni Sni r' en'm i8 L D i i88L * inr. n i4r en 'n in' en' =#ip i1e 'i# . en o%i, aD= enνm e 8L eN1 . ivEp 14i4 +i i4p e 8% odE D p d1 . n i i k=m +i i4n en# e 8L 1, n in en# e 4r an . k%nji4m,
i]k= u4rn e 8 a%i 1eDik= ev4i6m znil en'm +zr314 izp i n % 1eDi p n' o8 en'm nl%l nainadE4 e 8 ivi i48k= u i4 . a NA un nan i8k= u 4 n i4r en# i8 a%i 8%in.... e , in en# el + i4n en# e 8L A4iνm ir n#i4 i#= i8k u i4 el an id1 .13
57
en' n in e R# i8 R#i u kin# . n iνk= i#l i8 D p d1in uN4 a
m 1l on#il 'n +i i4n en' i4m nain#m' (i. i .132) en' =#ip l e%i4m. n in nl%G i m, i μ e 8NL a4 iDi6m 1eDi4i6m l 4p i4il 1 8%ir. ip d1r n#r iv8nj ey4 rn 'iri i m' en# i8 n ir. ir n$1n
1eDi,
iz
izn4l,
4p il
')S4
rnr.
)S B'
ey$L
en'm
ir
d1p d1r. i
')S4 )S B' eni# i8 R# i8 %p l )up )i Sik= D =il44iνm ak il )S)u%il i n%l D i p d1en' i% =in# . o8 G in 2 iR= ')S4' en' e 4r.... in )S4L eAp i6m i#r eAk=m )S4%p P m eyi6m nai R# lr en i% i8k= ')S4 )S B' en# i8 n#i4en r.' 14 en' aN r4 Si =#ip iAr. ivi8 %in uN4 ir i8k= r i4R#i4 iL%4ni4i6m μEi# . annil n iin i8 %in =#ip*m i4Re 48m a4,
i n i4n n in e L Up*l ey n u n 1nan i4n 1kN eyiA na%in μDkeA i4r F#k n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( iL%. 6)
58
en'm
a8L8m + i e4 L Up*R# 8iri i . . . . . ( iL%. 18) en'm d1p dAL%. 2.2. nlL ; il # i4 \m p e R# in n in akd d1p rk=m a#iK' m i4il {A d1r. a8dey%6m p i i %6m ev' ii;d1 nai'i eR#i e R# a nai4il m eRe DiK%6m akd d1p p i eNA * inr. a nai '14 iD NAm en# 8 il nl% e]ir. ir iDi6m 1eDi4i6m i NAm in ip i % i6m m nl%p 1 8%ir. i i m J' dA4n#i rk= i4 ii%k J'Km an L%. 6m ip k%$m i4R#i$L%r. ir m e1kk nl%y i% = (4k B i m, 81 nj +i4. i84Bni * il n in (4k Br a8Le R#r. i#in i8k84$m aR#iR= u 4y an 81r 84$m nain μ#4 innlL e]n. a i#n +4in E 1lL E$L%r. i# 4 in *#keL%p *#nL%p ' m', ')U<i' +i4 e]n. nji il =4il i#n +p E nai4m, я nj) +i4R#$m a1kp , i i, i8Gin +i4R#$m a8%ir.
en#
i8 il u14r a8% nain 'ei pi' n i4R#ir. u14 in ii;d1
i%k=m
4il,
μk m,
nai44
i njm,
59
rr i i, ai8 rp m, ;4i%km, B u
i%km +i4 nl% i4R#ir. i νя i n el8m u8m 4il a8% NAm e i8 aE4r r i, ar3k i i, m i 4 i i, p i, i i4 i, a 4 i m, u i m, m μ nl% i4R#ir. o na%i il ' S m' en# n e]i i8 νk=G rp i r. n ir m, innaizGi4,
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . r i il +4i iL a8%iy! 4Km +yn n i en'
=#ip iAi# .
i#p ip =m.
' S m'
i i8E%
(. m. 59) i#n
namz y
i8E%G
a i
en#
8 il innl an L% . iv' n in i4R#i4 nlL m. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
i nlL e 8nlL na1m n nlL u nlL aν;1 nlL i i4 nlL
--------
28 4 1 14 8 2 32
8. izp i n L
--
24
R=#ip id1R'L u nl3L ai rp m en# n6m i4 nl%il i i84m, nai i%m, i8μE41K +i4 nl3m izp i n %il n , Dl, am, l, 2l +i4 nl3m #n id1. enji4 nlL in'm i l 4in' p Ain#. ii +yKp e 8%i4 izp i n L R#ik m.
60
2.2.1. 2.2.1. izp i n L n
in
i4R#i4
i4Km
i Km
an izp i n L i8 nan=m. aR'L Ln #ni1 enji4 en i n L. aR#in μ#p* 8': 1. ai8 nji 2. ai i m 3. ai8ii 4. m 5. m 6. eyi ni4m 7. a1kp 8. a8 njm 9. i i 10. i8Gin 11. ni8 nam 12. i8ni G 8k= 13. 4G 8k= 14. G 8k= 15. Br i m 16. μmik 17. nai 18. i n m 19. + nai4m +i4m. ip en i n 31n n in i8n i4r i4R#i4 iL%4ni inip an L% . innl%il i, ip i % na14il an i i4 nl%in
i14
an
izp
%in
e=p
an L%. i i nm R#ip e p 1k J#in n i i4 L R#i an nl%in 8k, n i i4 L
R#i4
eyi%in
8k,
eDip
61
e 4rp ani =in#. i e m naR' Ln 1l% u14. o 1l i8 i n %il i1m e #Km m.
i zm
+'
1lL
i8'
i n %il
an L%. innl%il
eyi ni4m,
a8 njm,
a1kp , i i, i8Gin, ni8 nam +i4 njip 8%% i a. i8ni m, 4m, m +i4R#in 8 kL '8k=' en# nai4il i4Km i# i n inN i1i1n m i%kp dAL%. i84Bni * m nan il 1pe R# μmik, n , Dl, am, l, 2l, nai +i4R'L μmik4in i8 1l3m nai naB enji4 iR#iki4 3m #neDin. 2.2.1.1. 2.2.1.1. ai8 nji m i 4 i i μ i i4 nlL μp i NA +=m.
aR'L
m i 4
i i
μl
ie8
i i4
nl%in e1k i6m μEi6m avnnl%in e 8%i4G e#iy a G i %p 1 L%r. iv#n μp on k%in e=p ai8 nji +=m. innl ai8m n# 4n l en# 8 il i zm e 4 i1p dE8kkJAm. innil + i4 i, , am, { n en R#in uN n i%kp dAL%. 2.2.1.2. 2.2.1.2. ai i m i i4 nl%il e 8m n4yp 4ip e ' m, μn$14 nl S4 4 m. inninN μp i NA ai L u%. avi %in e 8N4G 8kik J'l ip e 4r e R# . + i4 i, ai
e 8N, 4il. i8, nji +i4R#in i#p*L +i4R# innl i%k=m. ai pe 8N ani
62
e14il an L% . e p kL Lm ' +=m. ip 1lL
S4 4 L an L%R#in e=p =m. 2.2.1.3. 2.2.1.3. ai8ii ai8
nji n' ai8 ii$m
i i4
e 8N4 i%k=m i' nl%il an izp %in e=p an L% . ai8 nji4il i1me # i i4 nl%il μi6m μEi6m an e=p μp ] 1l% u14 . i8ni m μ i i4 %in eyi, n, i B;n i, m +i4 innil i%kp dAL%. i'ip =i4il u14r e 8$m, ai i n en# in e 83m i%kp dAL%. 2.2.1.4. 2.2.1.4. m m en E4k =#ik=m. n i8E% a1$m EkdA en# μ#4il m en' aDkp Ai# . a1R= i4 on eyi%p EkdA%yk eNA innl i%kp e 'i# . i ip i % na14in m en# ninN an %in e=p an L% . innin e kL i8 on' +=m. innl 1eDi i4n i N1$m iz i4n on#$m e R'L% . 2.2.1.5. 2.2.1.5. m m en n e 8L a4lk N1m en m. n in i84Bni * il i a4lk eLL, ii;d1 1n op i1 u4rK14 en# 8 il ip i % na14il m en# i i n e]ir. an y annRN an izp k%in e=p* a e 4 il ( m) ai# . inN an 1l%in eNik Lm nan= +=m.
63
i i 4m, i# %in =#L, nj i p e 8, i4in e 8, μni i4r ey m i 4 n +i4R# i%k=i# . 2.2.1.6. 2.2.1.6. eyi ni4m a ii i en njina m; nji4in e 84 i%k=m nl a ii i ni4m. i i mn 44k eNA ey 4G i#p*. 8%%i4 a m, a8d = μi4R# i%k=i# . ni4 il a1 i4 izp k%in e=p ni4m ai# . inN i8 en
e 8L a ii i eyi 1lL
a1 i$L%. 2.2.1.7. 2.2.1.7. a1kp njip 8%%in, i8E%G N* NEp E4 1l%in e=p* 'a1kp ' en' aDkpe 'in# . a1km NAm e 8N4il aA a1km a1in i#p*, i i4in Ln =iL, a1km a1nr, e R# ' +i4 ip il i%kp dAL%. i o 'nai4m' en# 1eDi n6m a1kp
e 84
i%k=m.
i Km
1l%k
eN1 . 2.2.1.8. 2.2.1.8. a8 njm μki4p e # i8m il Ln e 8d%p R#i4 a#iK NAm. ape 8dL R#i a#iμm ey$m n ain# . i# i4l*, u4ir i4l*, i14il a$m inlL, BA R#iR DiL, i#4ν m +i4 Ln e 8N4il innl an L% . o8 e 8Nk= i8 1l en# a%il p 1l3m nRe 8 J'm 1l on'm ep ie8 1lL an L%.
64
2.2.1.9. 2.2.1.9. i i ;8k= i4 an#1k 1% i%k=p p 1l% u14 i i eνm nl ai# . o8 na% Ln J'%ki ove8 e ]iR=m u i4 1 i e 4' k J'in# . a inam, u m, iG4, 44m, 4m μ Ln e4lL ip %il i%kp e R'L%. 2.2.1.10. 2.2.1.10. i8Gin i#n
nnaii%il
'i8Ginm'
en#r
8i
oi l *. in m B 4ii i#n e]n83m =#ip
8 .
a zm
i#n
e]n83m
di4
8ik=m nai4il ip i nm al i i8Gin epe 'in# . ip i n il i8ni m, 4m, m enνm
i i4 %il
J#p dAL%
= %
n
eN1 8%%n e]n83m di i%kpe R'L% . ip i nm ie8 1l% u14 . ip i nm izeDi4il an L% Fn' i4n% u14 . 2.2.1.11. 2.2.1.11. ni8 nam ;r3k= i4 a14% %il on' i8N p*. m u1il ikp ip ni8 i1 %il ip r. a zm ik4il n μ n {#p ni8 i8na %G elNAm. i i8na 3k= i4 i#n Em, nai#m, i, +$ L +i4R# i%k=l, ip i nm ni8nam epe R# . ip i nm iFn' 1l% u14 . ip i n iR= μnE4 namz in ni8 nap dA ain# .
65
2.2.1.12. 2.2.1.12. i8ni G 8k= ; il i8ni m en' ikp A 'm na na 44' en =m. in e 84 i8 4zr,
=m8m elm niAm aE4r A 4r +4i elm naim m ey$m naBLim* a83m a8e%A e 8nai a%ik=m m8m R'm niAm e R# 4iνm +4i ey$m nam8m el nanNA eN1n (na. 956) na 4 eνm nam en' J'n Fm u m. i i8ni m R#i, μ.i i =#ip iA4il,
+ i4i4 na 4n B1i4 na νk= u i n i i8ni m. in ude 8%, + i4r B1νk= eA Geli a Di dAk= u i4k NAm en# μ# i i8n e1 =i# .15 eni#r.
i i8ni
$m
uyikl .
imni edA nai%y = aR#ik= i%km 8m n4il al i8ni G 8k= ep Ai# . inN an %in eNik +=m. 2.2.1.13. 2.2.1.13. 4G 8k= BnkL {1# i8L NE4 E i#n i8 e1r% on#ki ni m u n. imni in μR m Di4$m, iR =i $m J'm. i zm i N1y an l 4m ep Ai# .
'n na 4 e% m p 4' ' na 44 na: '
66
en 4=m. iR#il μl e1 l 'e i4 i dE4
μnidA { ν14 i NA i8E%$m u 4p R'in#n' en# e 83m i N1 e1 l se i4 i dE48m { 8 r i4il en'm r4 p * i' en# e 83m i1kin#.16 4m R#i4 8 k%G 8ki e%i4iAl 4G 8k= ep Ai# . i 4 in a % i%k=m ni8 1l% u14 . 2.2.1.14. 2.2.1.14. G 8k= rk%i4 =8< i il arяuνk=k Nn B4 a8%in. annin N ,
r rn i 4j4 m2m m v я a(m r p4: >4i; 4i :
( .B. 18.66)
en# a8%in. in e 8L i i iK14 . ip p %il 8kik J'l ipe 4r e R# . in μR m in i N1 e 8%k J'm. +p ie8 % u14 . 2.2.1.15. 2.2.1.15. Br i m B i#l i8k= a8%p d1 *inl
+=m.
innin
i N1
8 e4lm
8ki
el8m 4neL3m E +%nr 'Br i m' en# n a8%ir. in eDi e 4rp* eνm E +%n in n ]i4 i i4R#pe R#l Br i m en iR=m e 4 4iR'. ( +%n in n6k=k 'Br i
d' en# innl
u on#$m n in a8%i$L%r. ) i8 e8 1l% u14 . inn6k= i8
i4nL iDil an L%.
67
2.2.1.16. 2.2.1.16. μmik F4p il an o8 k=p G ey$L e μp 1l%k eNE =m iki4 μmik +=m. n in i84Bni * iR= n a i#n il μmik4p Er. μp 1l3L i8 1lL enji4 p 1l% Dki6L%. i al, eN , d1%k i # eνm F 4p*1n ani
e14il
an L%.
ip i n L
iDin
a *p E Di, eii JR'kL p Ain#. 2.2.1.17. 2.2.1.17. nai l nai#μ14 on i% i n' on 4 4p il a4p A m nai +=m. i Km i84Bni * i# i p 1pe R# nai 4=m. iil +', 2], edA, in=, i8 edA Br%il an an L%.
+i i4
i8 3m
i
i8 3m
2.2.1.18. 2.2.1.18. i n m iz m en' ;r%l R#p Am e 8$14 na4i iv4p i nm +=m. ip i n in B k=L% {A d1l,
e yμi P r 4z r N e 8nal8 =8n idA i n 'y4= m nan e#N1 Ep e EDi n i 4e #i% L n 4r en#irN izn Anj ey4iz n e%i4 i e%i4 #nai e1%iin # (i. i . 40)
68
en' ai i il =#ip iAi#r. in {A dE4 iv4p i np e 8% i n , in i4R#i$L%r. innil m iz #4n en' +i i4r =#ip idAk
eLi#r.
innl
ni8
+zr
arm
e 8%, a i m, naL, eNik, i n in e 8L +i4R#G 8k eA i4m*i# . i8 i4nL an L% innl iedAp % u14 . 2.2.1.19 2.2.1.19. 19. + nai4m uNΝm uK J1 o8k 1kiiAm. , i я, = L a r uNΝm ui4 narin#
en
μnr
eL.
i
.ni
μi4r,
u4rn nl%il J#p dAL% uK nai4 p E e in eNA 1p iEp n μl. =μm i =μm 8i# uK% uN rk= u1l =μm i =μm u14 i8k=m. μm ap E n i8k=m. 17 en# eyi4l u m. uNΝm uKk=m i k=m e1r*NA. i# a14 naiR=m =m. en uNΝm μ#%il r o] = . ive] 2R A i uK μ# R#i i% k J'm n + nai4m i% =i# . B4il nal6K, B4 uK en# =p* p Ai# .18 an aEp 14i4 + nai4m e]n in =#ip iAin#r. innl ik NE4, uN = en' p A i i8 e8 %il a$m. iR= iDil i4n on'm an L% . 2.3. 2.3. i4l μE*
μE*
2.3.1 n iin zKm k=m enνm ivi4l iin zk4il naizn 1p*%$m i%k=in# .
a8nje4l%$m
arm
69
2.3.2 =Gi#p*, Gi#p*, a G i#p* en' iin i#p* eN11p Ai# . a814 a8nje4l3m p r3m ;k eL4il ar eN1 +zn nam ik4 e%ip A . 4 il μ]4 {A dA1n nain', ; ena#i DkKm iv4p i nm i#n Km Di eyr. 2.3.3 iin izp i n %il nm, aν;1m, i, i nG i#p* +i4 p Ain#. i ; n in a8m ur . e R#p dAL%.
e 8%e4lm i dE m iR'd i, i4n
ip i n L
iin
eRe# R#l
4p*p*
ai4i4l nud m, ape 8L +3, , i G e] +i4R# ur . ne#N i%km 1. A. Satya Vrata Singh, Vedanta Desika - A Study, p.1 2. i ir4r, ( iL%4ni - u ), ip i nm. ___ . 455 3. =8 m p m, . 104 4. i (in, '+i$ ' ir nR#ni 5. RL, A.Satya Vrata Singh, Vedanta Desika - A Study, p.3 6. μ. a8m, iz iki4 ', inm nR#NA ___ k. 266 & 276 7. =8 m p m, . 108 8. , . 143 9. , k. 121, 125, 129, 130, 137 10. , k. 131, 132, 123, 163 11. , k. 148 - 155 12. , . 162 13. k%nji4m 9.521 14. aN r4Si, Prr4 m . 75 15. μ. i i, +ri%k= ami4mL (i N1m m) . 32 16. , . 44 17. . ni μi4r, uK 8 m . 113 18. B, 17. 8 - 10
70
n iin i ena#iL 3.0
i
ena#i4in
i#p*m
ikeL
;
il 4ilin# i1μm im il n iin =m μnν kpe R'L%. n iin i ena#iL enνm ivi4l BniR=G i e 'il uL% ena#iμ#L R#i +i i4r J' +yKp e 8N4y ain#. i en +zr%6m +zr Dik= r 6m i$' ip p dA n L% . i \ rGi i=nrk J1l rm μ 4 L,
k%in +n {1R# iR= 4. ar%in uyk 8i4 i i#l a8%pe R# . Fni μm, 4μm, μm ik8 in in#. el8m BdEn i4 m a14 NAm en# nakil n a8LeDi46m i8k 6m i#n n i8E% u 4k dE naiRi#n. i#in
a83L%
rn rn
in,
a
=#i m nl R'L3m i4n i#r. ar ip i n il p 1 i#n i88L * in8%i4 eyi4 urk= a#iK' iG ' 8m e B ' en l aDp* iAi#r. ip i n il i m e % an L% . iv4il, ip i n 1R e 8N4il i e 'm i1m, i4in n, a L, i nr, i%kp Ain#.
N*=
naiL,
L
+i4
3.1. 3.1. ip i n il i e 'i1m n in iDil 1 G d1p A i8 nan= i n L +=m. iR'L n , Dl, am, l, 2l enνm Ln i n L i1kp e #il. enji4 en m ip i nm en' i#p*1n d1p Ain#. i na4i iv4p i nm en A o p ' i nm' en'
71
d1p e 'in# =#ip iAin#r.
n4k
y4 r
BzkN1'
i8E4r%l i dE e=kp e R' i8μ#4y i]m n ir a8%iG ey izp 1R i n 3m ip %p i np 1l3m ip i nm epe 'm. ip i nm +zrL a8%iGey iv4p i n A r pe 'm Br u14l ip i nm enνm i8nam e R'L% . i8l a8Li=n i#n Ei4 i E il i i6m ki6m 4ileNA ir 4ip E48%i4l i ip i nm en' na4i ivi4p i n e1 i#p* #4y iD nain# . 1 ip i n il an BzΝm i4il m.
1l
e4ik
1. ai8 nji 39 2. ai i m 56 3. ai8ii 37 4. m 21 5. m 54 6. eyi ni4m 29 7. a1kp 11 8. a8 njm 11 9. i i 10 10. i8Gin 11 11. ni8 nam 13 12. i8ni G 8k= 10 13. 4G 8k= 12 14. G 8k= 11 15. Br i m 21 16. μmik 10* 17. nai 10 18. i n m 18 19. + nai4m 21 * μp 1l%il i8 i1kp e #il.
72
RJ#i4 405 1l3L +' 1lL i8μ# 4in' 8in#. ai8 nji4in 18-+m 1 'on#*l' en# 1l eyi ni4 in 4-+m 1 an L% . ai8 nji4in 30-+m 1 'i i L R#i4' en# 1l iRi R# 31n, a ai8 nji4in 38-+m 1 an L% . ai8 nji4in 34-+m 1 'rk=m i8L' en# 1l, 4G 8kin 12-+m 1 ain# . ai i in 44-+m 1 'u r m' en# 1l eyi ni4 in 9-+m 1 an L% . ai i in 'oNe1E4L i83m' en# 46-+m 1l ai8ii4in 10-+m 1 i% =in# . eyi ni4 in 17-+m 1 'a ii i 48%%p en# 1l i8Gin4in 10-+m 1 an L% . in +' 1lL ip i n inN
e 8L'
+yKp e 8N4y an 1l%in eNik 399 +=m. iR'L a1kp , i8ni G8k=, 4G 8k=, G 8k= +i4 nanin 1lL i4in e 84$m 1rk= i#n a8L* i$m n4$m o8 i%k=. m, 1nνk= i#n p ' nal=G dAin# . il in i#p G dAm nai4il, i4in i#p*m aR= u 4$m $m naiR=m i#n a83m i# ir l uL% =#3m d1pe 'in#. i i p i# nl3L Fni m, 4m, m R#i4 i%k %il i nai;14in e 8 dE$ kp e 'i# . i#ν14 84G dAm 1l3m an u 4μm νy naiR#4 i4n m. 6m i8L *8< p i i4y naiR m d1p Am. ai G i m, ai8ii +i4R#in 1lL i4in J'L R# udeNAL%.
73
+zrL, + i4r%in 84 eNi ik=m nai4i6m Brk= arL i4 e%ii n44 n in dAin#r. μni i4r a8%i4 Di4i4 μm u p $m dAin#r. enji4 1l%il 1n in R#NE4 njr o]'L u kpe 'in#. e 1G dEn, ip i np 1l3L i4in e%i, + i4n ui, o8 μ#4 eyl, i a L, L, 1n in N *=nr nai, 1r N*L, e 8, i#ν14 8, i#n u 4μm ν4i8 l, *8< p i i, a1km nal=l, am a' l, R#' l, BAnal=l +i4 J'% uL%1ki4 ' i' eνm e 8N an L% . BA nal=l ki ena#ik=m u i4 eiνm d 4G iena#i R' 4 n in in J'm n4l, i = i$1n i k p Ai# .
'nami nup rna p r k 1Br'
2
en' n in, njina p 8%%in a83 4l d1p e R#r en naik k . iv4il eme 8r i νя in ii;d1 e%ip A i4A ki 4 %4n#iG, ' ie4νm 4μm μn$14 ' en' 1l%il e%ip A ir. en
μ
k%nji4μm i G dEk J'4il,
'irm ie4n ip d1 d 4 nair m eyr' 3
na
en' =#ip idA ki# . n iνk= μnE4G i i% u r e8ir. ir μn i4r3m +zr3m =#ip il dE4 i% K L%r. i#G 1nn i mSn ep An; a ai8 nai4 a1n; eli 6m Bn n eme 8i1m N*=ik NAm. 4μm B4in
74
μm
iG i44
R*' ik
J'in#.
+zrL 8m N*= m 1j1 *p A i u kin#r. i νr ii;d1 ena#ip 1 i%ki anena#i4i4 i4$m =#ip idAL%r. aDi4 i r iL (44+ d1m),
'B4il ki4 iR= a i4 iiki# ' en' eme 8r B ;4 il a8%iG ey L%r. R# Si %$m i 4 $m eNA '> Sn
p i4$m in m iiki# ' en eme 8r i8KL%m; en' S4 4 il Si in e%ik J#i$L% 48m a#i4m.4 en' J'nFm μni i4r ii Di% e%in u r n i en e%iK# u m. i 4 e 84 urn ir nR#ni$m
uR'nain E4 uy r l Re#n'm in#ip k1in - e 'p r μE i i]pe 8%m (i. nR. 40) naNΝ n en# 1il i8l aE4i *=il n in dE4 {A d1k =#ikin# . iR#e4lm nak=4il DiDi4G d1pe R# i R#i4 8 k% μ#p A i$m p A i$m nr n in en m, ak8 k% 1eDi, ip i % nl%il dE$ k=m n4i4 m izp i n %i6m e%ip A i uL%r en *=m. ; 4 iR= 2R#m n n in i#in an p e '4 i#ip 4n en'm avn iR= i#G 1 Di en'm p 1 m i n %il J#i$L%r.
ar
i4i
i$' i4A
μm
75
a iR= r ik iznr +r. i m
irm
i
n
i n %4 in
naie R'L% .
*p A R#
arm
i n %in Dik m. 3.2. 3.2. i4in n μkip R#iνk= i4 Di%p ki4μm i i ena#i$m d1pe 'in#. ivi N1νL ki4 iR=k rm, \m μ EnaiL p e 'in#. Si \ rGi, r %il ], na r %il ], ip 4n% y l μi4Km ki4Di4il i# a1 νk= u i4 n% ain#. ip ki4 iR= '4 i d1pe 'i# . y4 r,
'nai4 i i, i, a1km, m 1 l, nai4)m, #*l, 41, il1, njm, anji en' J#p Am' 5 en' =#iki#r. iv' e 4r%il d1p Am ik= aEp 1 i#n l eL3m an =m. i 4 an in e] ie4νm i i4R#p i.+r. na imn Bzk N1' =#ip iAin#r.
i#n B eL3m an* i eil ivn* Ep E4 %rn i#i1 n i84 e#$m e 8d A nai4 i4il eNA e6 m. i i'i4il i8; i#n a k 1%$m idAidA en4 *i1 eL. nan a %%iin'm un iAip n en# B4in i'ip =i4il J'm i i ena#i4il rk=m. i i ena#i4 a i6m u4rnena#i en in 8 . 6
76
ki ena#i4i6m i#n l an* 2R Am eiνm ki4il d1p Am e, nai4 μ ad1 %k 8i i4R#i4 in B8yl nai]m. e, i4p in R#i naiR#l un e n in m i n %il =#ip idA ki#r. 3.2.1. 3.2.1. i - i%km i en ; i n in 4k 8 =m. k4 ivK zil {1R#m a1k 8i4 Si L e]n. Br k= i#n a%i Sni n4 # keN14 i n i46k=k m. il i8i$m e44i. iR#iin' iA 1 i# NE41 Di. ki, i i en# i NAm ivDi4in %=m. kiena#i kL l keL% i4 . ap Ep d1rL i#4 mk 1 R'ik=m u 4k eLin#r. i# a1n u zin i1r%n an i8Ek Bz i8 i4 iP i mν e%iil e ' ivK 4=m. i i ep Am. iG i4 i n,
+ B4 S $m aR#k p R'm e 'p $m p R'l 8m 4$m eme 8i1m )rp m ey , i nai> m, nai4m, i4m, i, i i en' eRL Fm elp Ai# . 7 en' i%k=i#r. y4 8m,
im Lik= i#pe 8% u G4m +=m. a i#pe 8%in e 8d1 +=m en# E i#pe 83k= u4irpe 8% +i4 iAm \pe 8 Li4 u 4m enνm =m. am i ep Am. 8
77
en'
=#ip n
Fm
Bνk=m
i#νk=m
narin#
i1e%i4G i4 e%iil nai p*i# en *=m. en n iνm,
m i N1 4i 8 %6 Kmi8l m i NAm ep R#inam 4 L na naNi naniz nadEl aEe4lm il ur i u1neL3 ' =#i (i. i . 74) en# 1il i4in n4$m i#k84$m dAi#r. iG i4 μkik= i4 Di4k eL% NAm. iDi n3k=k keL%k J1 . ik BzkΝm 1il e%iK A in#r.
e n izn i8 L *li4 *l6nl n e Ap p e n n ν m n 41ni1 8L ey$m iGi4n e nE na1n m*#m +renel eyiE (i. i . 112) 3.2.2. 3.2.2. + i4r + i4r Di4il 1l i#4ν p e #G i . BrL kiena#i4G ey4 =i4R# y i8k4il i4p in R'in#r.
ki
eyrk=m
i
i#in
i8KL% l na E4p n 86m i# u 4$m $m naiR#6m inena#i4 + i4r 8k=m up 4iR'. i in id m i8ni m, 4m, m +i4 Fn#νL3m d1p Am. ik8 p PrG i4r 8m DiDi4 u G B8y4G eyin#r. i zm + i4r u i e]4 n in,
78
u i i]m u Fn#in μmFn'm i μ e%ii r - μ i8 F #4in μEr μilNn B #ir ir
(i. i . 7)
ip 1il
'u i i]m u Fn#in μmFn'' enνE4in e 8L, 'Fn' i4 inN a1 i4 on e 83m' en +=m. ip i nK
en'
=#ip iAi#r.
ipe 8d%, i8ni il Fn' ar L: 1. eme 8i1m nam S )rp i l, 2. nam >ik NE4 14 )rp i l, 3. >i in )rp i l en . 4 il Fn' ar L: 1. u 4m, 2. n, 3. (ai 44i4) i ie4Di en . il Fn' ar L: 1. 1 n ey$m i4m, 2. 1nνk= eme 8n ey$m i4m, 3. 1n in n i8kNE4 μ# en . en'
=#ip iAi# .
i %
+ i4r
9
nan=rn
e%in B1νk= e iikin#r. a814 aEGd1p in R#i 48m uyl NAm. n in ik8 k BzkΝm 1il i$' in#r.
nEk B] D$m i i8l e nEk Rin# *Ni4r Nin *#ir μnEp r μ46 lar 4e4p (i. i . 204) inE r na1n e 8m m 2'
79
3.2.3. 3.2.3. i4in e%i ki4 iR=k =p i iKL μn4. 8m, \m μirn ki4 il e6 m. ki4il ki, \m, ki en# Fn#$m 1n in +n {1R#m i46m. iR#il {A d1 in i e=iL oDi4k i8kNAm. ui idA naB =m BNAm BNAm eyl NAm. i 4 i1rL i4il il. en n in,
8e \e al N1 u4ir8m ek il =m a8#4l 8nai4il innaL elm aE4 a4 Nm eNi 8μ1 4ru k 4 #in ken aEkm zGi NE i8% e186m i i4 nan iND eG rin # (i. i . 102) en# 1il 8m, \m, ki 4m irn i4il {A A R*' i#r. inena#i R#i a#i\rm 8 kL nai yG dE$ kp Ain#. i. xn,
kirk p Ep E4 n 4%m. +l i i4 e8 u1E4 ReL%m. i#in l4i6m a8%i6m P nam ik n μR# ai1m op 1 i i4=m. 10 en' =#ip iAi#r. na. p*e dE4r,
ki ena#i4 el 6m aν;EkμE4 . + u4rnr, znr, R#r, lr en# ' A in#i el 6m ReL%kJE4 ena#ie4n#ik N1r eyi%km e R# r. a i i ena#i4=m. 11 eni#r. .i . n,
80
el8m e%i ReL% k 4il ani8p i ena#i4=m. *p E inena#i4 +n, u zii8n iA e 'R= i4 enena#i4=m. +zrL + ki ena#i4 i$' i6m arL i=i4 i$' i ena#i44. 12 en' 8 ki#r. μ. i i$m,
i# a1$m rk %in 3L ki ena#i4$m i i ena#i4$m i#p p m 4m. ivi N1νL3m i i ena#i4in e%i4$m a8m in R'R= i4 an i4l $m eA Geli an n4p *p A rL +zr3m +G i4r3m. 13 en' =#ip iAin#r. ik8 L 4Km i4in n R'm e%i4$m ki ena#i4in a8 R'm i1r%$m in =#ip iAin#. i a14il o8μ# ey . ki ena#i4il av#n'. u4ir u1iin' naB =m
ki4 il i14# naine#] NAm. Ln 31n JE4 i4 e#n'm 8 i#n i8E44 8i
ReL%
NAm.
i#νk=
up
i4 %G ey . i4 o8μ# ey en n in,
uEL a1in#n ene#8l u
a$mii en r l anjek m m m ark= D i$mm ii% =m aK14 a8%%r aE4i4 41n (i. i . 243)
81
en' =#iki#r. 6m o8μ#G N*=n B in 8 zK ]R# en n in RJR#k J'in#r.
i8l aE4i rn izn Ee # i8na n N iN N + in1m o8naL u k u4ir8 ni m i4nam 8naL ]R' ]m 4 in nν (i. i . 35) nν14 3k= anjiG Br i4 ReN1 in L i#ν14 84l an' iAin#. Br m a#i44l ' m eyiAr' en#njil ap dA 'μ# i ey4m. i 1n i#= a#in a#i4 m eyp kl . i i 4Gi G i ep Ai# . 14 + ev4i6m B8k= m ril. in o8 nai4il dA 'μ# i aνikp Ai# .
il
o8
nak iR
o8
μ#
1 m en m annakμm μkik= i4 nad1y i8p in iG i#p* en m u m. e%i4 μ#4il + i4n a83 dA an Di4il u 4μm νy naiR=m i# eNiG N*l NAm. i i4 L
Fn#νL3m
d1pe 'm
inena#i4
iKm
e%i4 en 6m 48m inena#i4 ReL%m en 6m n in il in i#p G dEk J'i#r. ap 1l 8',
elrk=m e%i 2R# 6m ii$ k i4 i k 6m elrk=m a%6m a 6m i iy #k=m 6m lrk=m R#rel r 6m Nν μEmE μE 6m nalrk=m B4rk=m i nan#m na R a1ky naΝ= B
(i. i . 200)
82
RΝm 1l i#ena#i%il uDn' +n {1R#m a14 μE4r3m i4il {A dA uyi1m eνm 8 il i zm il akp dAL% .6m 8m μ a1 i4 ki ena#i4il +n > m e #Km o8 Di4il i in#i44 . iG i ki ena#i4in el4il n op 1p y a$m. i4in i = i#p n in,
i %in ii$rn rL i i R i4$m \ $ 8 %$m ik l ii nain#nai..... (i. i . 113) en' =#ip iAi#r. a iiνm a i kiena#ik=m i eνm e%i4 i4p in R#i 48m uy4m en in ude 8% ai# . e. i4i n BzkN1' J' m u% e% k .
1K%4 m z μk eNA 1K% a1R= i4 ena#i% ove8 4 iRR G iR# a k eN1r. i4, i i4, 4m, \m eG rL J#ie in kiena#i, rena#i, \ena#i, i i ena#i e rL = keNAL%r. elR#$ kiena#i \ena#i e i NEl a1kik J''m uNA. a ena#i%i6m a1kena#i al i ena#i ( i i ena#i) en A8i naiR#$ m. 15 ir%l ey4p Am i en in 84 + k eN1 . ak8 in#l i en 4ill =m. + 84p e ' i4in eR#i4=m. kiena#i4il, i#ν14 84p e 'l e%in'. e%i ik8p R#iνk=G i4 naRi i n=m.
en
n
iin
i1
83
3.3. 3.3. i a L i4G ey$m nai4il keL3m μ#4in EnaiL ' ik= i4 a L' ep Ain#. ui4il i18R' 8n m n m a14 n +n {1R#k eLi#n. eme 8in iv4 = % urn , aE i4 B m Di k=m ui4in i'k=m m8ni naiRi#n. ivKi4l inl B Km m Km i4 u 4p R'i#n. i4p R'm nai4il i Diμ#% NE4 i# i μ] e 'i# . avDiμ#L 8'; 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
aνJi4 l m i iJi4 rm rp N4m im p 8 m +n nai> m
i4in a L R#i zi4R%nji4m,
i +' a %p i ikp dE8ki# . aνJi4 l m (Anukulya Sankalpa) i iJi4 rm (Prati kulia varjana) im (Maha Visvasa) rp N4m (Karpanya) p 8 m (Gopdrutva Varana) +n nai> m (Anma nikshepa). μRJ#i4 i#n +p E na1kG =μ14 m . al a m aDin iAi# . i N1m a m i#νk=p iEkR# o kiiAl. Fn#m im i#n a8%il μ] nam ik =m. nanm a m rp Ni4m en r rk 4, \ rk 4, ki rk 4 in R#i8p . i iK p n4 2R A i# . Ln p 8 m en i#in 44 eir r i8 l. 1i4 + naid m en n op 1 l. 16
84
en' =#ip eN k . ii, iv %in μ#p , n in,
ivi 4k=p i - aνJi4 R μm, i i Ji4rμm rp N4μm iμm p 8 μm 17 en' S4 4 il dE$ ki#r. ip i n il a1kp i6m ik= i4 1lL i1me R'L%.
ai8ii4i6m a %k =#ik=m
nain8% i4n#i Re#n' iln enaA m iDey nai Dinn un83k= ii nai$ nn un enνm iK PN1n ni8%y nain#nai e4k= Br rm zGi i n un in8%l iie4kr R #l eni8l a1k eL en naB4 (i. i . 126) enνm 1il i a L d1pe R'L%. aνJi4 aνJy
l
i8k=m
nai4=m.
i#νk= aνJy
ep m i8kk
8 , 4 ena#iil i#D i#n up iR= # naiR#=m. +N1L m 1il,
" U4y n nam Ur Ui e] 4il E il inik 4 iD$m *=8n. . . . . . . "
(na. 478)
85
en' =#ip aνJi4 l iR= i4y ai# . iv4il 'un83k= ii nai$ nn' (i. i . 126) enνm aE4il aνJi4 l m d1p Ai# . i iJi4
r
i#νk=
eirp
e4l% idAiAm nai4=m. eirp e4lL en , i# n3k=p e 8n m μ i u 4 iR= ei i14$ e4lL. aνJy i8p R= # i8k=m e4l%G ey4l i8p in n4=m.
e ' n *nel enanjil e 8L in me i NAm i' n Lm*n L1n +4i 4il odE a' n +rG eR#m am aR#i e' n nain1n ni8 iN r 4 (na. 1458) en# 1il i8 4zr m i'% oDi G 1l iv in R d1 . BG e4lL eyiin' naB i naiR=m i iJi4r , 'enaA m iD ey nai Dinn' (i. i . 126) enνm e1r ur i# . rp N4 , i# i p i#ir u 4, Di4 il m e%i nai4 ur =m. i i# k=k i; i#n#i R'p* %il k=k ii<m il en'r i naiR=m. i n4 namz in,
an#i4m o8 *i1m im en'en' aR#i . . . . . ................................... nan' naii naΝ= m nai1r e1 (na. 3983) en# 1lDi u m. iv 'nain8% i4n#i
Re#n#iln' (i. i . 126) enνE ur in# .
86
im en i#νk= ep m eNA8i, i#n ep m i1l iAn en' iAm P nam ik4=m. ini r i4in,
24 Fn' 4 %p l i i ikn'; i#i1 il l eL3' n i6L% n R#i ai1m i8p* m, 1K%in 8 namk k=m enνm u'i4 nam ik$ i ik= NE4. 18 enνm JR' im eνiv in 4 eA p y ain# . i#n B nam ik eN1l p an 1. iG i6m i#n dE$L%n. innam ik4 namz in,
m +=m L a1nrk= elm m +l =nm eAk=m i n en#
1il
*p 1k
m.
(na. 3884)
iv
'un
enνm iK PN1n' enνE ur m. (i. i . 126). 'p 8
m'
en
i#k
k='
NAl +=m. = k=p iE l i#i1m N*kDi nk k=' NAl ain# . Br N1 i#n μ iDi4k dAil. n a14rk= an up R'% aR'il. e, nam ik$1n i# NEk eL4
μ#p E iv m
dAi# . i 4 NA i8Di4zr 1il,
i#n i#n i1rG Dikin' naB = #ni1 Re#k= 4 nalNAm
(na. 809)
enνE%l u m. iv 'ni8%y nain#nai4
ek= Br rm zGi i n un' (i. i . 126) enνE%l u m.
87
+n nai> ken' eN1 e 'p*%k %n , nk p m i#n e 'p e rn , n i#i1m a1ky op 1 =m. i#νk= aνJ4i8p μl ai1m NEk eL3l 4i nai%k 1n in +n nai> m eL%pe 'm. innai4il i#in 8$1n m e 'R= i8p i i4, +r i i4 i n4 i8 4z in,
Br
ν1k = m i i$m nn m en' i8nn ν1k i8iνk i eL enaAm 1li 1ny
1r.
(na. 1006)
en# 1in Di u m. i 4 J' 'in8%l ii
ekr R#l en i8l! a1km eL en naB4s (i. i . 126) en# aE%il d1p Ain#. uk= $n eDin #K=m i iK e #Krn i4nl e i G ie8 *il #i4n iLGi nark8 nanal a1ky a1n (i. i . 241) en# 16m ik= i4 a %G dA. ip 1il
'uk=m
a
un '
en
i#νk=
aνJy
i8k =m = %k keN14G dAi# . 'u
a m
oDin '
en ,
i#n
a L, e4lL Ji4r G dAm.
i8KL% iR=
4Km
oDin
naiR=m
# i i
'*il #i4n' en# aE #8 R#il rp N4y m e%i4G dEnaiR=m. 'i iK e #Krn ' en# aE i#n iNyk p R'n en' naiR=m
i G
dAi# .
'e
i '
88
en nFm i#n y nain' kNAm p 8 m
d1pe 'm.
ivn
a %$m
1n
+n
nai> i4 i i46m. iG i, '8 na nal
a1ky a1n' en l ur p Ai# . +n nai> a1kp i6m, i83m i8EKm i883m eL%#iKm a84i $μ#Km a%p i4 aE4 m 8Dip %ip p*m ki nain# a8L r nai4ikil ame nan aizn (i. i . 246) en'
n
in
=#ip iAin#r.
ip 1l
+n
nai> iR= i%ky a 1n arm kiG i#p p *p A Km ai# . i4i4 +n nai> μm Fn' J'%yp =kp Ai# . a4, 1. +n rp m 2. rp m 3. rp m ip i n il n in 'μki4 ni m dE4 Fn#il nai$14r' (i. i .60) en' =#ip iAi#r. 'Fn'' en , +ni4 $rn op 1 l; k= 'i4il en'rn n n k=m e4 op 1 l, *8<r il 4R#i8 l +i44m. imFn' μ#4 +n, , rp %yG d1p Ain#.
een i4n en m in#i en' n$m - uen' n R n y yp il (i. i . 25) n % n N en# 1il F4G d1p Am +n nai> m =#ikp Ain# . ivnp R#i4 uN4i urn a i#νk u i4 ; i#νk= u1m n4i
89
μ in%l e%iK eNA nG N* NE4 e 8%k eNA *=i4 +n rp m μi8 aE%il d1p Ain# . k= NE4 +n {1R# iR=G N*= e%i4Di; n keL3m e 'p*, Brk= il. ape 'p $m i#i1m op 1 i4 rp m 'uen' n R n y' en# aE4il d1pe 'm. in rp 'nan# 8elm nak=p m on#i' (i. i . 18) enνE4i6m d1k m. ivim op 1 G N*νk= BA #il en G ey$%in {R#E =#ip iAi# . (i. i . 25) BA R#i NEG N *=m nai4il a 4 D =6m i#ν14 e 'p 4=m. Brk= a n4il 4, L4 na8l 4il. y NE4 nal=m e 'p* i8614 en $m Brk= i4 nai%$m ip i n L n in i%k=in#r.
nr iNr r i#e4n'm n8 r anr Li a m μE r an*14rk= en n en#nam i i i i8l μnm 8ni a1km eN1nam μki4
(i. i . 59) en# 1il y NE4k 8i1NE4 i8iν14 e 'p* en e%ip A i#r. 6m i#in i8k84il L4m eL%NE4il en ,
y4 r #4Ν 4ii4n L4m a' 1 l aR#i naB
(i. i . 106)
en' i#p Km μnik JR#yp *p A i#r. +i i4r i8ni in r y an e 8Lid k =#ip iAm i1 L R#i6m imFn#ip R#ik =#ip iAi#r.
90
iG i4 Ln μ14 en'm +# μ14 en'm dAr. aνJi4 l m, i iJi4 rm, rp N4m, im, p 8 m +i4 Ln a 3m +n nai> i4 ik= a %y an , aR# u14 +n nai> m a i4y ai# en# 8 u14rL ik= Ln a L en' dAr. 19 a;1 4 il i en $m yk 8 l +n nai> m en# i *=m nai4$m yk eNA +# m u14 i en 8m u%r. 20 iv L Fm n ey4NE4, ik k, nam ik eL% k +i4 d1 e 'm. n iin i i, naLe'm n keL%NE4 ena#i%G dAm 4il an L% . aνJi4 R y iR#p in R'4il B4 o]'L i#k84l naB =m. i1 nam ik n#i ni4 e%ip A ik k=m E N* un m. 6m en 4
Br
iv L
i#G
i
i1nam ik
NAm.
i#i1 G
N*
uNr in#.
a1$μn
i#n
innam ik$1n
NAm
*6il p n
en#
i#i1
n
d4p *p A iG N *NAm. i = =k =dE n 4 R#ik eN1 nai4il aGin#i i8k=m naie4 . en i4 il P, n =dE4 vK' i#8L B i1 i%$m en r. i * i i4 ReL% 21 eni# . i8;Si ay4 r,
i'μ4Ri4
+ nai> i4 p ik= i a L en i m i 4m . . . . . p 8 i# p ik= R# Ln m )m i S L en en i4 m i 4m. 22 en' =#ip iA i eN k .
91
3.4. 3.4. i nr μ ip ' a1R= i4 Di% ReLr ai i ep Ain#r. arL kiena#i, i4i4 i iena#i eνi N1νL 2νm on#p R#i i# naAr. d il {A A dAm ir%, 'μμd' en *. imp 4n3k= i4 Di A%k idA, d p e # Di4$L% e4l%G ey4 μR An e 8dA i zm =#ikp Ain# . ki4 p in R' r kr i4p in R' r i nr en'm =#ikp Ar.
en'm
n in μirGi$1n e, nai4m μ a 31n 84m, \4m, ki4m μR#in Diμ#L urn aR#il {A Am r kiena#ik= i4 ai i4r. el8m kiena#ik= i4r +r. = =i$m 8p Am on#=m. ' ey 4, ' Di44 na1 a#i4 n na 4 m en'rn n a1ky 8m 48m i ik= i4 ai i%r. eiνm a 4 BrL ek i6m n i4 e 8L en' 8 +zn an in$1n i8 i# m en' u i8 J1 . i 4 n$14r i i ena#i4il N*=n μ ip '
a14
i4 .
kiena#ik= i4
ai i%y
a4r 48m i ik= i4 ai i%m. i i ena#i4il ai i% i8k μE4r ki ena#i4i6m na1k i4 .
in E
ev%K
{A dEl i i$' p Ai# .
zn 4iνm
ena#i4il
uN4
BA #14m
en
i nr en# el i i en# elE4yp i#n . i.+r. na imn i i R#i,
a1km * (to take refuge with) al i8K%k =#ip iRi (to piously resign) enνm e 8314 ' i ' enνm el i i ena#i4 uL% . . . i i
92
en# el i n i4l uii8n Bdk JE4r i#n o8 en urn ai1m k 8=m. 23 en' =#ip iAi#r. ip i i4i4 i4il 'a1km
*= r' en# e 8%il i nr en# el +%p Ai# . 3.4.1. 3.4.1. 1$mμn Br n in i n yG 14k 8 μn i8k=m Brm nai4p in μl Ln nai%il dAin#r. a 8', 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
im eL3l BN iR= 8n l +4' l id= anjl μ ik= i4 Di%il {A Al
RN1R'L im eL3 ui4l in L e i e '6m i8in a8 = % ur zin 4n en' eL36m +=m (i. i . 134). i k m +n {1R# iR μ4Ri%il {A 1 nai4 eNi m %rl i N1m nai4=m. i n in,
nai' r il enaAnaL uDn# N1l e' + ena#i 4eLi 1 i r% (i. i . 136) eni#r. ui4l zk4il +4'l Fn#m nai4=m. iil ui4in i' R*' ik J#p Ai# . i in, 'n d1 i1m i ikin# i' 4n' (i. i . 137) en' 8ikin#r. ui4l i' urn k riL BNAm i#i n 2R A iiAm en#njl nanm nai4=m.
93
(i. i . 140) innan= nai$m 1n in, μ ik= i4 DinaE naiR# +n uyik=m e #iG i4il {A Al Lnm nai4=m. i,
8 4il8m d1m Dik=m 8 14r o8l e 8=m u4in μ4n'm an#i$m nam i8l aE4i iN e i m 8l ii4 e 8i eNΝ (i. i . 142) en# 1l i%k=i# . ivnm nai4il > 4p kiena#i al i ena#i4il Br {A Ar en' =#ikp Ai# . eiνm i ena#ik=m ip EnaiL e 8n in {NA i%kp d1. i4ik =#ip iA4il 'nam i8l aE4i iN =m e' (i. i . 142) en' J' i4il ar eN1 e 8i urk dAi# . 3.4.2. 3.4.2. 1rk= u i4 N*L 1r ( i nr) 1R= i4 i =ip A% u'i4p e #NAm. a ik=G B {A A 1n μ i #14Km naiR=m. i μ#4, 1. +injn4m 2. an4 i m ep Am. +injn4
'
u 4 %il
{A 1
i4
i 4i4 i#G N*=i4 4 4m ey4 i8m*in#
nai4=m.
innai
Si \
rGi
il4 = 4#% ki μ ena#i%il {A 1 i4 naiR=m nai4=m. i n4 namzr,
a8=m Am e iK m an e 8=m ii en. . . . . . . .
(na. 2591)
94
en' =#iki#r. i n4il n iνm
iμ R#il ie4k=k J1l e i$m uDn#E i% i]m m l (i. i . 237) en# aE%il +injn4 nai4 eA ki#r. nal i id m u14 =8 μl namzr 'm 2 m a#i4m' en' nk dEkeL3m n4i4 'n + i4n' ep e 4r e R# iνm 8ikeLi#r. i arm an in e%i4p *p A i# . an4 ii1 %il
i μ i4 i p {A A il i8 i p
i# i#
ey % na1 +=m. i# k= +n {1R# ln. an#i ' e 6m k= μ ip ' a%ik i4 . i# ey L a%ik=m a8L n 4Km aR p n%4 n naiR=m en' Br 8 r. i zm iNk 8i i# ie4 i n a1k 8l an4 i m +=m. i n i8 4zr 1il,
R'mr eym u%en' i8p A uR#in uR# μn aE4rk= aE Re#lm iνm naini8ed e1] m (na. 1740) R'nan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . e
e%ip Ai# .
n
i 4
in
an4i ,
1μE4n μen' irμm elm a14ip 4i aDin iAm ENA E L i i4 Ginar a ii i i1μ14 a8%%r i4EL a1n (i. i . 238)
95
Brk1in i e4n n ik i y iNi8%m 1 naBkip rk1n i84y nain' m k1k 1 in#n {rk= k en i#r in m e]nDi$m =iDie4 in oDinm (i. i . 121) en' i%k=in#r. +injn4Km an4i Km m B n4 urn μ ip R#il {A A dAm n u14 4rk=m i#n a8L* in. n nai4k J#i i#n i8E%il op*keAkin# i4 3m aR# i%k=i# + i4r%in u 3m e%iikin#. RdE4 nai4il i8k=m 48m i ik= u i4 ai i%yp i nr e k . i n4 n in,
ni L #in#i Di aDi4 ni L m6m R'μ% u 46m n NA aE ir ark=m a8L* i$m in eR* i#4r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(i. i . 239) en' =#ip iAi#r.
anr ani4r el4il nain# a =m enan μ nu1 i ani4 y n1$m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (i. i . 56) en# 1il = o]k 6m i# u 4kA46m +injn4 n$1n i8 μi8 aE%i6m an4i i N1E4in {R'GB i6m n in *p A i#r. 6m il {A A i8nln μ ip ' i#
i46m.
'NAm e 'm 4n Be1n##in . . . . μ=nE PN1n#i R#r *en' ie4 nain#r' (i. i . 54) ek =#ikin#r.
NE
NAl
en
96
i 4 aEp 1 =i%A naR= L iKm i n i1 a4 NAm. ik= % zi4R%nji4m,
i rk il kn μ]nam ik$1n i#i1m n op 1 l NAm. i ' Ell el +nk3k=m μ i4%ikk JE4 rkm i. i#8k= B ey4, *1km, 4, ni l, a#iK, m, i4m, uN μi4 edA = L ani8 l NAm. 24 en' i%k=i# . я44lяi 4n,
ei1m u4rn eN L uL% an 1K% a14 =i$L%G elp Ai#n . . . . . . . . . [ik] = L nai#n )= 1K%i1m i4R4 uL%. av# 1K%G 1n ap Pяik=m kr%i1μm an nal = L 1K%8%l 2R Ain#. ivi nal eNm 1 kr% 1K% a14, rk =i$L%rL. 25 en'
naR= 3k=m
ik=m
uL%
i4
e%iK A i#r. BdEn naA4il naR= L i8 i#n en n in,
nan#i B4i en' nain#r nal8%l en' *n% BE NAm e 8m 4 (i. i . 53) en' =#ip iAin#r. Si
\ %il rGi e R# 4i8n m kiena#i ik l 4i8n m n in e%i$m naR=μm nai m i4 i44 i8m*i#r. 1n G i#p i m J'i#r.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Di ie4νm r*1nR e#n# a k eL%r an*
(i. i . 208)
en# eyi ni4 in z ki n i a1n p R'm N ur i# .
in
97
3.4.3. 3.4.3. i nr i#G 1in# d1p Ain#r.
1 r,
ev
aR#iEp 14il
nak %il BzkN1'
1. i8p i nr 2. +r i nr i8p i nr k= iμE$m m k i8n , in iP i mν i4 μ ip ' a1r. 6m ivKi4il n %ii8n Bdi4i$m 8i naiR r.
'%y n m %4 oDiy %N R#in' (na 3425) en' namzr =#ip a p e 'p*%$m i#i1m op 1 a8L BA ' 8m naki i8p =m. +r i nr
ui4l
in %il
R'keL%
u1E4p i mν aν ik eNΝr. B dAm '+r n' en# nai$14νm ui4l %%k d1' i# naE naiR=m n4i. = zr
'nain4 nNE naBL elm N1n' (na. 696) en m i n4i +=m. i8;Si ay4 r,
in p n 8pn en'm +r n en'm i84Km i ip NA. anai r 4 arG iBA A μR# B in μEi >m i1 l en' i8p n 8pn ep Ai#n. )m) il i8p k e]n ide1 i$m ena8p ii8p*p nai p a1il 4 1n ' > i8m* n +r n ep Ai#n. iv%K ki4m nai#n in uil iKm i1 R i4n. 8pνk= r (na1k=m) B il ai4m aν ik NE4
98
p p e4Din p p r $m )nji r $m k=in#n )rG n. +r νk= +r i4in k= k' inG B il aν ik NE4 r i6m o8 =i4p kiiAi#n. 26 en' i nr 4$m i nrk= i#in 84$m dAin#r. ivi8p i nr R#i$m n in m i n %il dE$ ki#r.
*6il il e n8LN AR#rk=m ai an rk=m an#n 8LeA p l D =l iEik=m 4 L ain en'#$m a ii i a8Nμi(i. i . 255) en# 1il *6il il e n8L NAR#r en i8p i n $m 'ai an r' en +r i n $m dAm.
Bm rniA ir in e 84il U Lan i L yn njl8m m Dini1k J#i4 m =#i nain#m i = nam i# m Np K m 4 (i. i . 15) en# 1il 'J#i4 m =#i nain#m' en i8pp i n in n4i o in# .
enje %r Ur B m nenl i]n μni 4 4rn Bz R= μnm anjl anjl anjl en# %ik NAm aG aE4 rk=m a8%i 4k=m aE4rk=m ey4 (i. i . 364) en# 1il R'm μn a1km eN18% NAm en +r i n in n4 o in# .
99
e#i48m r3m naB$m iNil iNrL aEm1 i8k=m n =#4 i4R#i aE eL%l ='e8 nanLnaB =#i i 14
(i. i . 107)
en# 1i6m '='e8' eνm e1r +r i nr iN$1n i n μ ip ' NAR#4 =#iki# . 3.4.5. 3.4.5. 1n p *zl a iiνm a i kiena#i4p in R' i1 e%i i4p in R' 4 n in m i n %il *zin#r. i i4 i$' m arm eNp ki e%iK' i# . nm i8in e 8% a%i1μE4en' =#ip iAm. i8in i8E4 k= a1kyk eN1 i n in e 8$m a n4=m. n a1nr ep Ep d1 4iνm nai 4 m i% o zi ark= nal=in# i#in 84 iR=k i# . e%i4Di4l u4rn p e 'm i n n in,
uN $ k=m #%il i4 u r N 4%p i in n Dl ir N i1k %K en# i4p im (i. i . 72) uN u r n i u4rn
en' Pr i4r JR#k =#ip iAi#r. 6m 1nr m u4r N*%,
#$ k=m e 8e%lm eye4n' rr ni4Jr i$14r N= iR =#$ k naiilr =8kL m l R# me R#r eLr nan i#%rk=m inr l i4 iNi4n e in r e #nai il i=m*ir dAm e L (i. i . 91) e n# nane#i4il *=
100
en' R'in#r. i4il {A dAG Brk= m e%inl, ; ena#i4, 'e n# nanena#i' en' =#ip iAi#r. 6m i4in i#p urn iNi4
; ena#i4i yG dAin#r. i4Km ; in 6m i4in 6m n in eN1 +zn {A d14 dAin#. 3.4.6. 3.4.6. 1n in 1n in ey4NE4 i nr
1n in
ey4NE4
i#νk=
up eNA on#4=m. i u i8 4m ep Am. 1n inνm arL ipPi4il i8p R=k m i 4 eNA ey4k 8i4 en' n in =#ip iAi#r. arG y i]m i# =6m i8p iL ey6m iv4p i nm dAm i$m in*'6i4 naR i%G ey4 Br 1n inνm i8p 8 i#r. i,
% i4 m % nam y #i r%r an* PΝm % ik= eNA PNA e] n i L E 4Ek % D#4in Bm dAk i14 in m e ' na3m B% Ek= an* e R#m ii4il i8kin#m ii4i (i. i . 153) en# 1l u m. ip 1il 'ii4il' en i 4 eNA% 1n in Brk= i4y iikp dAL% eνm 8 il +%p dAL% . m, nm, iv4p i nm, + i4r a8LeDi iR# i i#n e 8% u
NAm. al B8k=m enj\n'm kkm na en' in a1kp il =#ip iAin#r (i. i . 245). i 4 1%G eyR= yp i#4E4rL i8k=i1 4
i1yk
eL%
i nνk= un i1m +=m. i,
NAm.
i
101
r i8L nan izn #$m Anr 4 i8p i1m n#8k r i4μm $m i i $m16m na na μm naμm JE4 nani en#
1l
u m.
i8k=i1 p
ip 1il
i8na %in
(i. i . 65)
in,
i#p*1n
aE4r
op idA p
e 8p A i#r. 6m Br 1n in iD2 m ey4 \ 4 8i i8kNA an#i iG i4in 4n en en' + yl J1 . n in, enanjeAi% ik8 ,
u' k= u k i = i8k=m m o8 iD$m *= ur i NEp e 'em i nam e R' Dp E 4l2 en #iDl naB4 (i. i . 19) en' =#ip iAin#r. 6m i \ id m a#i4 4iνm e p 1 iikp Am nai 4 r % B'l J1 . aGSi μ#% + i4n a83 4l e%in i# eNEk 8 nam. #G Si % B#iG e4l Al J1 en'm n in i$' in#r (i. i . 63). 1n in i n nai, u'i$1n 4ne 'il i8kNAm. \μm an*m NAm. i#R= aE4m n4, r i4l k 8ip 4l #k .
nal#il
iN
e #NAm.
i 4
n%k 1n in a
L n#i zKrGi4k iAl J1 . u4ir naB l i8p +R#i
i8kNAm.
i4R'k=m
u % naiRl. i,
i#ν14
102
iN=# 4k=m nai#k=m Bi4l uN# k=m u%i4il ukk=m NDi 4k=m ikk=m ik=m N$1 a8%%r L # (i. i . 244) en# 1il n in e%iK A i#r. i i4il, il =#ip i1pe 'm a im, u m, ij4, S 44m, 4m +i4 Ln m i4m ep e 'm i4 %p i nr ReL% NAm en# 8 i4 ain# .
S4 4 il n in,
ivK i k8 4 il k 4 e%n' el6i# L Fn#6m i( B4 %i6m ik h4 %i6m ) i8k=m E 27 en' J'l m, el, e4l eνm Fn' e #i3m i# eNEl p dA naiRNAm en *=m. iv4il
1nr
k=
i8kNE4
nai$m ar ey4NE4 i3m ey4 Km R#i n in =#ip iAin#r. i 4Km ; il i n +D R 1G eyy ain#. 1n i8k=m +rμm an*m μ i ' a1$m
=#4 i8 i# up k=m en# 8 i4 i R*' p Ain#. 3.5. 3.5. i4in L L BrL m +n {1R# iR=G i4 μRdE4 n%in E ReLin#r. i4 Di4yk eN1 nai4in aEp 14il a p A p Am. )n i%i 1. nai;1 2. u inai;1 3. + i4 nai;1
103
en' F4yG
dAm. i 'Snai;1G u inai;1G
+ i4nai;1 ii i ii'
28
enνE4il u m. ip
i nm nai;14$m i , 1. 2. 3. 4.
nai;1 u inai;1 + i4 nai;1 nai;1
en' nan= %G dAm. i
a%K14r a1nrk=m aν 4 eN1rk=m %K n 8% ni4 rk=m %eDir ee n inrk=m m %μE 48L r kie (i. i . 242) en#
1il
ur p Ain#.
ip 1il
'a%K14r
a1nrk=m'
(i. i . 242) en nai;14il 1n k =#ikin# . nai;1 en eme 8in iv4p e 8% urn *8< y i8%l e #p d1 4 in nuNp e 83rn , i#G 1 +n {1R#m 8m en' Bn ey$m i4=m. i# ie4n' i1Gi l e%in Bn i#i1m n a%ik=m nai4=m. a%K14r en# e1r e%in \μ14r enνm 8 il +%p dAG nai;1 a1 k =#ikin# . i n, B1n μ iv4il 1n yk eL%m. nai;14y \ e%i n in,
1 rm
U#4in uL%m % iK8m +#il +r E +in#m . . . . . . . . ............................. (i. i . 351) na 4rk nam en# 1i6m =#ip i1km.
104
'aν 4 eN1rk=m' (i. i . 242) en u i nai;14il 1n k =#i . u i nai;1 en aνJi4 l m μi4 i4in a %il e%in a#iK e # 'NArk= m nal=m' en# nam ik$1n i8 =m. i n in S4 4 i6m, aνJl4 ) l 4 %il 4 ilr an oDi4p kR' naiRi# ai μm a >i l >ik=m eni# iμm u14 yk eNA N4n a#i4p P p i r + i4 id1 ki4 ir en G eli 8 e %G m *=m μk n = r%p 'enν14
>' ek 2#i4idAk eL%NAm en en' i%kk m. 6m ni i4r dE4 4 in n4 +zn l 4 p i ik= i4 ki4k eNA i#G in4il unp dAG Bn ey$m i4=m. 'eL%k =#in NERe#lm 8m' eνm nam ik$1n ivK i nai;14il Bn i8p n 'aν 4 eN1rk=m' (i. i . 242) enνm e1r 4 in id m u l avki4 4 ik= i4 ki4k eN1 k =#ikin# . k= + narn i n '+iF' en##i4 ni ivK i nai;14il 1nk=G n#k eL%m.
'%K n a8% ni4 r' (i. i . 242) en# e1r + i4 nai;14il N*=n k =#ikin# . + i4 nai;1, n + i4r i#n l an ik 8i, nai;14y av i4r ey i4il νm a1 i4i8 l +=m. a keG N* m +i i4 eNe1n# #i, a EkBz i8n m i#n l uyk=m +i i4 in a8L nain un m, ar dE4 ena#ip E4 i8 =m. '%K nn' en + i4 $m
'n8% ni4 r' en avK % n +i i4 in a8% 8i naiR#i4 m * iin# B1rm$m =#ikin#.
105
n in nai4 im eνm n6L E4 1en#il, ' na! =81n N uL%p iE k
eNA an ui4l na1n el6i#n. enaNE 1 k=L kp dA 1k l eNA p Ai#n. in R# r a a#i4 m elp %$m aν ikin#r. ap E4 8$L% + i4n un414 Di eyi#n't30 en' =#ip m {NA eN k . )n i%i n dE4 Fn' nai;1%il + i4 nai;14 i#n en' =#ip iAin# . ip i nμm 1l%il i4n R'm.
+ i4ν14
a8%p
m m en#i i % m n8%l um r e]mi8 lun 2R=m u 4en#l (i. i . 1) nam i# i 4r R#i4 \p e 8nr +3m a1km ene# am*4 L n %i rnek =ma n K14r (i. i . 46) i8K1n n e]i R#i8 li4 8i1 en E mAm e 'mnam 8K1n n Ai 4R#il i]ne] a8K1n Ln#i ra8L ey4 an (i. i . 47) en# 1l%il + i4n 8$1n uyDi dE4 n4p R'in#r. i zm uyDi dE4 + i4 4 e] a4 ip e 8m ' keN1r i4zr +r. irm 'Ni nuNi' m*' eνm in
ik i4r in ude 8L naiRp Een enanjL nai' in k BrG1 nen nam ik=+d *k laE p 4n an#
(na. 745)
106
en# 1l '+ i4νk=G ey aE eNA 4 ' en' =#ip iAi# . i zm + i4 nai;14il {A dA i4zr uyn n in,
an rk a ik=m +4n naiR 8#L izeyn eNA n R# i n#k dAm elDi4 nalDiL ir d (i. i . 41) en' E48%ir.
'%K oDir eren inrk=m' (i. i . 242) enνm e1r nai;14il {A d1 k =#ikin# . nai;14 , i#n ', aE4r ' en' 8 U4 μ1n aE4rk= eNA * i$m n4il i# Di dAG 1l +=m. a P ai i4yG i ey4 k aE4r nai;14yG ey$m i4il, avE4rk= eNe1n# 8i4 l a1 i4i8 =m. S4 4 il n in,
'naR 4 i4il ]m m μR#Km naR 6k= uy n' en'm 'n4 nain 4iil ]m d1n en'm n' en'm el6i# i i<4 i3k=m n ki4l - i#r ki4l, μn 4l in 4l r u 4 k=NA.e ze4nil, i u )na i4l - i i4i4l FdE$m...32 en' =#ip iAl {NA eN k . na4i iv4p i n i6m +zr r aE4rk= aE4 y mk 8i nain#r. i n4 eN1 Epe E4zr,
ν%r a#i4 r en il νm % G eni4y en il 4iLey$m r%νm m ey1m 8 l *in#
(na. 912)
107
en' dAr. namz8m,
i4nF K= e #iνm y 46m *4l m l i8i amn *Pk DEkBzG 4 aE nain#r i8 L i im4 4 in m 4ne R # u' i 4νk (na. 3771) e i8in aE4iG 1n i#4E4r3k= m eN1p *p A i#r. iv4il aE4rk= eNA * i4k 8i naiR#inFm i4k 8 l nai;1 en' kp Am.
'%K oDir' en# e1r ivn en' eNΝm =R#m Din k =#i . 'ee n inrk=m' en ap r% m R# k eNA eNA* i4k 8 m nai;14i k =#ikin# . ip i nm,
a4R# + μ k1l ak1l uN1μil i4R# nani eR* e4ilnai K = l $R #en r mAm DyμE4R= io n m inrk= eNΝR (i. i . 6) en# 1il aE4r i#p i#in k 8iG dAm. a 4 r ey i nai;14il a1 i4i8k=m n4,
m a#in r i4k i% i4 Br nan = e ' nan nalE4rk= + ik aE in aDi4 #nl naBi nai' nai= 4 nain#
(i. i . 62)
en# 1i6m d1k m. nai;14y + i4 aE4 ey$m i, a8k=k BDi8n eNe1n#
108
8 m Brk= u'i4p i4 niAm en' n in dAi#r. i n4 ar S4 4 il,
+ i4 nai;1νk= μi nai44 i i4i n(il. o84il nain'm o8 4i Km )im( B il яn k%p ;4 r )m) m N a A uN1 =1l k nam u B m. 33 en' i%k= {NA i eN k . RdE44il nal4il on#k keN1i6m m e #m en n in a8LeDi4m. i = dE4 nalDi$L ip i n L p 1k =#ip id1R# nakil, +i i4r u \ e%iil #i an uy E eyin# nai;14 e 8m 6m a4k m.
m Din μnm 8 #k NE1 \m *]nan ir na
(i. i . 96)
k=m 8 1 ir ne# name4NiG k=m iL Re i in#r elμ (i. i . 109) enνm 1E%il + i4 l pe R# \ i nan#i$1n n in dAi#r. + i4r dE4 Di4il m N*=,
Bm rniAm ir i e 84il U %n i L yn nj#8m m Dini1k J#i4 m =#i nain#m i = nam i# m N K (i. i . 15)
i i L R#i4 i4r n8L l a m a#in in +'m 4νm e1nm (i. i . 38)
109
a# en' a1km r an' namp e # 8ip e 8n KR# i EkBz u# inu4ir kin# ru4ir uN4naB #l enam #μE mE4 n
(i. i . 58) en# 1l%il *p A i#r. 3.6. 3.6. i4l μE*
3.6.1 n iin i ena#iL enνm ivi4l n in 1Re 8N4il i e 'i1m, i4in n, N*= ena#iL, i nr, i nr N*L +i4 J'% i i n aEp 14k eNA i%ki$L% . 3.6.2 i enνm e 8N i8ni m, 4m, m +i4R# i%k=i1 %il d1pe 'i# . 6m a1kp μ]$m i4in i4l ur =m. ; p e p 1 i%k=m ai i m μ nl%il o8 J#G i i%kpe R'L% . 3.6.3 i4in e%i, o8 μ#4 1l, + i4r Di4il 1l, kiena#i4in i1r Brp en# nai%il i ip i n il i%kp e 'i# . i a L ep Am i nai%$m ip i nm i%k=i# . iv L LnKm +#Km d1pe 'm. a i4i4 +n nai> m Fn' nai4p =kp Ai# . 3.6.4 n in, i n i4 N*=r, N*=il eNE8kNE4 +n {1R# iR u'i$1n +injn4m, an4 i m enνm N*3m eni#r. i 4 i nr i8pr, +r r en' p A p A' arm 1R=#ip*L p Ain#. i4in L nan=m. iiR i#n epe ' + i4 nai;14=m. eiνm nan=rn 4i ey$m nai;14 n in N*= arm i n L ur in#.
110
ne#N i%km 1. +r. y4 r, (μnν ) - ip p nm, . 4 2. =8 m p m, . 107 3. k%nji4m, 9.521 4. aDi4 i r iL (44+ d1m), a#iKL%n ____a#i4 NE4 μp i NA, i m, . 15 5. +r. y4 r, (μnν ) - μRJ#i4 nl, . 47 6. i.+r.na imn, *m eype 8%i46m, . 12 7. E.en.eS. n, i m yK, k. 19,20 8. +r. y4 r, (μnν ) - μRJ#i4 nl, . 47 9. i i i4r, ip i nm, . 7 u
10. i.xn, ini4 \m, . 353 11. na. p*e dE4r, Gelm, . 138 12. .i . n ' ip* ' ivi4 m i4r *z, k. 8,9 13. μ.i i, +ri%k= ami4mL, m 2, .1 14. i i i4r, ip i nm, . 64 u
15. e. i4i n, izp N dA ', i N1m m .211 16. zi4R%nji4m, 8. 671 17. S4 4) m (μl =i), . 122 18. ini r i, iz iki4 il m, . 189 19. i8; i4r Si, i, . 11 20. i.+r.na imn, μRJ#i4 nl .121 21. Raghavadasan, Visishtadvaitam and Vedanta Desika's SriNyasaDasakam P. 40 22. i8;Si ay4 r, 4Bni B i - )n i%i ____u , . 196 23. i.+r.na imn, μRJ#i4 nl . 121 24. zi4R%nji4m 8. 671 25. я44lяB 4n, B R n 4nL; ) 4 G ____ 1l μki, k. 45, 46 26. i8;Si ay4 r, μRJ#i4 nl, . 198, 199 27. S4 4) m (μl =i), . 168 28. )n i%i, . 373 29. S4 4) m (μl =i), . 101 30. RL S4 4) m (μl =i), . 103 31. )n i%i, . 375 32. S4 4) m (μl =i), . 104 33. , . 103
111
i4il i#n 4.0 ii;1 in d dEn E p e 8L Fn#νL u4rGi$14 m i#4=m. Bni u1k eNA i]m i#n aR= i4 μ ip ' R'm ena#i% a83 $m i% =i#n. a Di4Km 4Km izi#n. an i8E%p R'rk=k =#e4n# on' na . i 4 e 831n +iFy, me 8%y iz n n na 4Fr i +n. +zr3m, Dik= r3m i8in L E % m 1il =#ikin#r. eiνm aE4r i8m i4 Eil i]m arG E #p R#p Ai# . ivE ini r i,
i = in B i#in 8 en aEp 14k eNA n#i4 *m nj i
iki4 3m arG k eL4 i$' i# [in#]. arG en i e%iil a14kJE4 aΝk n en =m. 1 en' i%k=i#r. ivΝk n4 i i#A rk=m
nam ik4
n %ii8n
a8Li# .
iA dA
innam ik
ui4l
Di4Km
aA
i#
p 4Km eNA Di 1 eyin# . i# Di4k eNA il i ena#i e 'i1m =#i R .
inena#i,
in
u4r
eL3L
on#y izi# . iv4il i4 ena#i4y a8%i4 i#n 8, i8L nai, N*=rk= i#n ey$m a8L +i4 eyiL ivi4il i%kp Ain#.
112
4.1. 4.1. i#n ii;1 i%k=y an e]4k J'm i n %y n in izp i n L izin#. i i#in i8kl4 = % i4n R'in#.
i#in
i4l*%k
=R#R#n,
a%i1
a i4n, in, ai +$m nai#nn ep ' dAin#. i m e y i#n iz,
anai 41r a%il + μm au8k = Lai +$ L aE4rL aDi 4 na Din e] K1elm $1n a 3m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (i. i . 248) uL%e 8L a k=m u8nai 8 L eL%iin ki izn 4i y u#in#n aL%i8r aE4rk= na eAk=m i8K1 (i. i . 249) L%la8 %%reνm e n in =#ip i1k m. 6m n ude 8% e%in i nj urn eL% μE$m. a zm a#in n#rL na 4n o8 n en' e%in ir e n in =#ip iAin#r.
i4r nνn 8kG e8kin #k=4G L a1 naA i i4 +i e + ir R#irnam a 8ni8 1n nain# * 4 (i. i . 52) n na 4n all o8 eym e en in μn i4r JR# nai'Kin#r. μn i4 namzr 'on'm Km' (na. 3330) en'm 'uni Re#8 eym eDL a4ll' (na. 3295) en'm J'l i eN k .
113
a p e 8%i6m i naiR=m me 8% eNi enj\n'm ini i8k=m urK, +n an i8E%i rk=m. en n in,
nain ynai4 ik=m i#νy ien' e elm eνm en$y e4n' ie4 nain# DyμE 4nu1m i4in#i naE 4meνm i4r eype 8% (i. i . 49) en# 1il naiR=m i# aΝ=n#i ' e4l 2 m +niR= μn4 μm e 8dAG l
enin#r. e enk i#νk= aE*
R*' in#r. i 4
e1r
i#n
84p
e #Km
1n μ ip ' e #Km ey4l . a nain m urn m u8iAm ' 4rk=m yp an'. 4.1.1. 4.1.1. i#k8 ui4il i18'm Br n$4r um rni1 i#k8 in#i44 . i.+r. na imn i4in aEp 1p R#i J'4il,
i# a14 a a8% Di, n μ4Ri an'; a u14i4 u4i p e # a μ4lin#n. aR= i i8p NA enνm 8 i i4in aEp 1 ur=m. 2 en' =#iki#r. E.en.eS.i n =#ip iA4il,
114
+r4 p pi 2R 1 a i1i8n k\m e R' . . . . . . . . i ey4, eme 8n >%ik iDi#n. i ey4rd= an >%i l > m 2R Am nairk= m μi4 < L aνk= 2R Am. e i#i4 u 4 i4 eir rki#n. 3 en' =#ip iAin#r. BA ' a14NAen# nμp G i#i%4iνm e%ip dAG 1$m i#ν14 a8d r Br%in l Ai# . in i1 %il BrL + i4r dE4 ena#ip E N* NAm en' l Bνk= i4 n μ4Ri4 i$' i4 em. en
S4 4 il, n in,
n
>ik d1e8 S
>ik le8n ki rp ik=m n an i# il aνJ i ni4$14y p i Ji i ni4 irn 'in >ik ln. a >i l
>ip m ey$m' en' #i n >i keL% d14 a#ii naB >ik NAen' a >i
x4 S an ki rp i . 4 en' ki#r.
m
i#i1
a1kp A i4
+zr%in i#$rK nai4 in μm urn u ki#r. iv4il u
+ i4r
ki#r.
4i
i#
i#pe 8N4 urin#
'
i#k844 idAm. urin m UN1p i ik= n iK A i naiR#l Br%in 1p 1=m. iGBr%k k=m e 'p* i# +i# .
Di4 8i4il En namk i ene#8l l ey Di4 nali4il Enr %il ii p L a14 naBkik Di4 evDi4il 1
115
e4 in m l 2R#i aDi4 a8%Dip e 8n ey$m ani Kie4m a%p r + (i. i . 125) en# 1il i# eN +i i4n 4i ur i u 4m dE BdEn m nal=m i#48% i%k=i#r.
a#iKm a m iaE 4 a1k eNA i#n in8%l e L m ir (i. i . 325) en# 1i6m aE4r i8p i1k eNA a i#n a#iKm i#ena#i3m a#i4 e%i4rk= a1km
u#y naiRin# eyi4 n in =#ip i1km. 6m n a14rk= a i4y naiR=m i#n a1km *NE i p rd= i e%i4y naiRin#n. namzr,
48m r nai4n e a#iK a i4 em e 8n 48m r nai4n e a#iK e%i4 em e 8n en#
aE%il
aE4rk=
e%i4=m
i# n4k
=#ip iAi#r. i8Di4z8m 'k L eRe 8L 8 il naike' (na. 767) en l i#in a8$m e%i4rkyk eL3m e%i$m *=m. μm i# a#iK #3m a#i4 oN i#n aE4 ena8 =i#n eνm 8 il n iin BzkΝm 1l ain# .
P8m i8Knip *in 4m e nE4l a%n i8r R# nain# na8m e%m n na1 na1 nanii4 naΝ= nan y nai 4%i nai# l
116
k 4n l r k nai nal64i8k= en' dAm r $k iN1m N 1 (i. i . 197)
a il
u%n
i#n
nain#
u%n p i n in. ap iR=p i n ey i8nj Br G in 4il i n. iGi#p*14 i#n m μ i L a#i4 a4 a i4 i% =i#n. a n aE4rd= n 1 Nm naii4y ar% ena8 =in#n en# 8 iil ip 1l i =i# . i zm e y naiR=m i#n, i#48%l i4
na1l,
8 μi4 i%kpe R'L%.
naArk=
i#n
ui4
a8 = %l
izl
e%i, +i4
4.2. 4.2. i Di a8%l i ena#i B in
1 R# iR= i#l
a8%p e R'L% . ki μi4ena#i a#i4r, a#in m aR#in ena#i4in A4il 1p iE4r ReNA uy4, une8 ena#i4G i i#l a8%p dAL% . i n in,
N % rr n en i 8n eky n en'm NA%i aEm1 iky nain# N*4l i%4d1k Dikin#
(i. i . 85)
en# 1il n en B Di4 eme 8n a1km n8Lin#n eni#r. 6m aE4r 1nl ar BdAnai u48m e 'p ReL3yG en nal6 4 +i i4r,
117
naBN1= nai#i4r ena#i4il J1 nain#i 4 en#n m PN16n iDe%m e 'p n en# *Ni4r *D m *] (i. i . 86) ek =#ip iAin#r. 16k= DidE4 nai4 4Km i zm 1n k k=m e 'p* en# nal6 4G
Km
ik84
n
i#n
in
a8%in.
i1 %il
i4n
=i#r. 4.3. 4.3. i4il i8L ii;1 in E
i8L
i#i1i8n
naB i8k=m e R#i4L. ir% iv4 m i4r en' ; um eN1Am. i e 8m =14L. n in,
ena#i4il
i83m
en'r 2 in#i i i$m o%i$m on#inain '= a%ik=m uin aE B on'Fn' e] y on'm on#ien' u14μn on#i4 i N1 uL%i u%e uymi B (i. i . 296) en# 1il i8L i8 id1 a8L * ik =#ikin#r. ip 16k= Bzk N1' i i i4r u e] in#r.
m i4νm a i μm i i4i8p i4l*. a z eme 8νm i dE$m na μm i i4 nain' u k 8in#r. ivi88k= aE4 aν i l u % 14=m. . . . . . . . p m Fn' e] kL rn o8 ely i8kin# . . . . . . . u iR= i dE en' o8 e 8L uNA. a m eme 8k J'm. + in i NA a> %in
118
ar i4 ivi4 m i3k= aE4 anuni naB L i#n 4p e R' uyBr%.5 i ena#i4k =#ip iAm 4m i8%in 84il i%in# . ui4il 8n m n =Dn%i4 rm uyKk= an* PN1 i dE i# N1 4 an a8%in. 4m 8', n na 4 e% m p 4 na 44 na: u nai< il i ki1n i8 e1r% i o8 ni ki
4
i#n
a8%in.
in
μR =i
Di4$m iR=i 4$m J'in#. i 4 i Di4 i#n
F
i8L
e R'
n4
'inμil
i#nL i d u i n' (i. i . 303) en# e1 l u m. i Di4=m en μnν kp d1 (1.6). 6m i8L Br ReN1 84,
a8K8 + n a1ni1 1n e8K dA a d i aR'm iiki i8 4n le inE r 83m i8K1 . . . . . . . (i. i . 304) en'm =#iki#r. ip 1l i8%in a8 84 +' nai%il i%k=in# . '' en# 1eDip m +'G elE4yp i#n . ivEnaiL, 4 (sriyate) - a14p Ain#L 4 (sriyate) - a1in#L G8i (srinōti) - di#L G 4i (srāvayati) - dGeyi#L G8i (srnāti) - naBk=in#L i (srinati) - k=nai eyin#L
119
en# e 8% 8in#. a14p A +ni NA l 'a14p Ai#L' en =m. a1l en n a1nr e 8dA i# νm 'a1l' +=m. d1 'i#kDl%il rniA' en# aE4 in a 4k = k 'di#L' en =m. r%in a 4k = i#νk=k d=' iNp m eyi#L en , 'dGeyi#L' en =m. 'naBk=i#L' en aE4 in i %% naBki483m n4L en k =#ikin# . ' k=nai eyl' en n a1nrL i# eNA ey$m E ar314 = %p k=k=in# = k =#ikin# . iL% ui i4r, 'u l B% a8% i8 m, { aD i8 m' [6] en r. νk= a8L * i4k 8i4 i8L an l i#n 8 eNE1G eyL. i 4 e4lL *8< m ep Am. a n l o8 ena8 ip n NE i p l Di4k eL%p A n +n. i zm i i4
naA4il
i8%
naki
NE
i l
*8< p i i +=m. { n dE6m BA ' a%ip R= u i4n en m i8L { ν14 +kl, aDi l μ eDil%il =e # BA ' a%ip i6m =e #L en m en i4 m. *8< i i4il B8y4 i8L DidAL en' i * eLi# . 7 i8L Di4#i4rk= DidE a8LJdE BdEn m e # naiRi#L. aL uy4NE4 nai4ii8n , in uyn a8L nal= L alL. r%in { in y i]m e R#i4L. i8%in *8< na.p*e dE4r,
inp *8< m eme 8A i dE JE4i8k=m nai4i6m i ini8k=m nai4i6m pe 'm. 84
120
Em eN1p n# { n BD1 i aν14 a8d1n l i%m iG ey 8 i dE4r u1n i8nl n iD n. ir i ini8n4l i n i i n am iR= iki u4i iDnn. 8 en'
i8
naizGi%in
4i
op idA
i%k=i#r.
μmik4i6m i8%in *8< p i i4i n in Bzk N1' =#ip iAin#r.
nain Ek= elm n E 2R an*1n naineA a i a8%i NA dA BN1 d i {NE4 iL NE1 μ4n' nE rn 8 aΝ nainν1n rn naiR=m naini8 . . . . . . (i. i . 347) en' ' =#ip iAin#r. i4il i8L nai en anj\m mzn o8 eynj\m e #k=m + i4n 84 o L% . i8% { i1 p i#k=m 84G rL u L. i4il νm o8 y nain' rd=N1 i% naBki a8Lin#L. in
S4 4 il =#ip iAm m,
i i4 il 4: i in *8<νk= v4v8 i i E4 nai i8kN1n e ni N1n en' u k i G rK nak= eni# dE p i* nak=p e i4 i dE481 i8n en'm okp i'i# ie4Di4 p p4n μm N4n μm il; i m i% p p48m N48m en' nai4ikp dAL% . 9 en' i831n in nai4i4 14 NAm eni#r. i8l ani4in,
121
e 8ni4 eyan i i4nm *N Aμn 8ni8 len r ey4lem nji i1L... i8niD 4rerk =mey i8% (i8l. 100) en# 16m *8< i i4 i8L naiR#4 =#iki# . i i8L i4 Bin uyiR= DidE i#i1m aip L ain# .
enνm
i
i in
e1rGi4
4.4. 4.4. u 4μm 4νm rL m uy$m e 8dAp e 8in i8E%G 1n μ i Di4k Nin#rL. ard= a i8E%in iv4G i#p il a]ni i#4 ep i i8 i# μ i ' u i4 4in# . i 4 i#n i8E% u 4$m 4ν$m n in 1l%il =#ikk m. ik Bzk Νm 1l Di$m a#i4m.
i i L R#i4 i4r nnal l a m a#in in +'m 4νm e1nm il i8n 8 aμ i4 r nai n # l, a i4 naniDl naBLD (i. i . 30) 6m 4 i4 aE4 l ey4p Am u 4m an#iG i 4m ep Am μn nan= i% i naiR=m u 4Km i#n iz 'ni4 n N' en' =#iki#r (i. i .
69).
i zm
i#n
=#ikp Ak
ir48m Bzk N1' =#ip iAin#r.
nam ey$m p i4 nak= na > k eAp il. an p i4il p Bi a1n nn nak= > k eAki#n. + nak= >m i1kk m nam ey$m p i4il p Bi a1$m nn. al eme 8n )i 4m ()i u 4m) en' elp Ai#n. p i ) 4 4m () 4 u 4m) en' elp Ain# . 10
122
i#in DE4ii8n naB ep m i, an i8kJd1 A i# iL E =nm i rk= i4 μ ip #=m. en i8EL r3k=p 4 narin#, a4 innaiKil rd= Di4$m
izin#.
i i8E%in
a8di#p
nai4in,
o8i an 8 % rn um a1 %rn a%n o81 on#i4 n u 1 L a = eN1 8m u4rn i en nain# 8n i n in en# 1m u1n en# rL a8n m 8n i en i8L ey4 L on#i iz %K un m m zn e]i eN1i m*i i iil an#r a = uizn (i. i . 357) en# 1il a naizK31n =#ip idA n in =i#r. i u 4μm νy i]m i8E%k i4k dAm + i4n a8L eDi%y a. u 4μm νy i% =m i8E%G ini G N *=rk= a8L Jd1 i#n +rμ14y i% =in#n. #r R' 1l n a1n aE4rkelm arm iD 8 a $m e 8%k 8i, ieA iN m nai 4 m i%A a k JdE1 i in#n en' enanjA i% yk J#i k 4# n in a#iK' in#r.
123
i,
Re#8 R#in#i n1n rkelm =R#m a#i4 r - μR'm iiA iN A on#i in#r naiK1 y naB nail6 (i. i . 36) en# 1l Di u m. iin ik8 iR= aEFy namz in,
naNimna 4 na L eli NΝil %ik d1R#n n in' iNΝm 8y i in#n ii4 (na. 3948) eNi '+ik 8 L enenanj en# 1l ain# . n na 4 naNi namzr m enanjA i%n eyi44 iνm eNA enanj +R'p A i#r. 4.5. naizKL zKL 4.5. a8L ey nai 1nrkelm z%ik=m i n a zm N*=n k i naizK% m 1il n in =#ikin#r. a 8' ; 1. n N = i4 2. B1νk= anjl nali4 4.5.1. n N = i4 i8L
B4Km
i#n
i Km
Pi4il
a i m ReN1 ini n n Eil n B4 n*' in. ape 8m iD eyn B i n i mSi m 2i1 a NA aGμR# an ini i r%$m μir%$m nk k NEn. el8m ' k ' *i1R' am* 2i4 aN4
124
1nn. 1nin ik4 2R# i#n, i mSi m B , a oR#k Nk =81ki a8L eyr. il N4y a1km nali a i%$m k=m a8L uL%m *p Am. n
in
innaizk
=#ip idA
i#in
i 4 a8% Brk= NE4 . iv8Le # i#in naBLDlL R# NAm eni#r. i,
+N 1nn +i4 4ip* 2#i4r m iD i1k NDi ey = (i. i . 110) FK=m n iD4 R# μir3m r3m μin annaL iy e =m y %rn Bzn ikm i n u4ir D ik ii ek=e =m 1en' eNik nai 4iGian' id1 L%l 2l 4n i kiR= +e#n' m eDi614r i4EkBz i8p m na (i. i . 114) en# 1l%in Di4Km i% u kin#r. 4.5.2. B1νk= anjl nali4 i in
eAnje4l%l
aidA
naB i4
an m i B1n, i i G 1in#n. νk= m i, a n en' r eA 'p e%ip A i4 'n nam i n k k=m e 'p*m ' en' B1 m i4 2Rin#n. i zm 2R' a8L ey u u4r eL4 i n JR# m r,
u1nrk= un +4in uL% on' {4n +4in a1nrk= a8%n +4in a#m en+m +N en+m
(m . $ . 416)
125
nν4ir elm 8i %rk=m 4n n Km elm 8μm e$m eniνm a1nr m 2μ' iiin m ip inνm BA a%ik=m en#l i#ie8 n'm uN1 . . . . . . . . a 4m en# a 4 m { 1p A en
(m . $ . 419)
(m . $ . 425)
en' =#ip iAi#r. i 4 i4 un aNE4rk= a8L ey4k 8i4 84 i i n JR# 1 n iνm dAin#r.
o8k a1in #R=m ukE 4in#n enin #R=m a8k ark=m a 6m anjlen' a8LeAp n i n i8k6m eDilμir naii 6m i4#i4r e461nen ii 6m ena8kE naBLi m eken' enνm ena#i$ r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (i. i . 111) enνm ip 1il #L, Sm8i, + m, i#n uL%m +i4 a m dAm u4 i4 nan* 1n k en' i#n eN1 eL i%kp Ain# . 6m u4r y eme 8 aNE uynr r R#i$m n in m 1il =#ikin#r.
mi k nnr i i n nama n a4nμ nana rk=m μ4r BAe #p e n8Ley kNA na na4r nalEp a1n (i. i . 240)
126
en# 1il n, B14n#i ie % i, i n , ni n, a4n, a n, +i4rk=m i#n ey a8L p Ain# . ik= μn u4 i4 an*e]i4 aEnai. a a iin N*=n n$R# G n#k dEp i i4in e 84 ip 1l =#ik4iR'. 4.6 1nr e 'm i 1nrk=
i#n
ey$m
a8LeL% p
e p 1p 1l%il in i%ki$L%r. eme 8in aE4r 4rk=m μ ie # u i$NA. i#n are 8dA 8 P \m n ki#n. i e=i4il dAD Nm +i i4n aE%il rkin#n. +i i4n ena#ip E BrL i4 ReL%G eyi#n. u 4m anu;E r%in nali, Bi en# %% a'kin#n. i 4 B ii8n +np i i arGi i rkp m rki#n. il Brk=m iP ν m nari# . iGeyi%,
anip in m a8n R= aE4 a#iK1 en'm em μni nai iDi4il o] μnnai4m irm μn r ni μm ni in Di$m dE Dip A i R#i aE eL% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . i8i = Di i1 m u1m nil i =naA naE4il em i o8i = ena#i4l Di4nnνm u4ril 2R#iu4ir nai$m n e 8i m a8Lnl n EkBzp i i4 a 81n i nr (i. i . 105,106) u8il a =m iik=m.... en# 1l%il i% u kk m.
127
i = 8 D4 i8m i iDi p R# z nam. a i#in a 4 i na a%ik l en# 8 il BzkΝm 1 n in a%ikin#r.
e n izn i8 L *li4 *l6nl nr eAp ap e n n ν m n a1ni1 8L ey$m iGi4n e nE na1n m*# e nel eyiE (i. i . 112) i 4 i i1 p e # i8m*m aE4rk= i#n ey$m a8 84, 1. 2. 3. 4.
a1km nall am a' l R#' l BAnall
en# nan= nai%il m. e p 1G d1pe R# a8%R#in ove8 nai$m ip i n il e zm i%km e R'L% e u m. 4.6.1. a1km nal=l i#n n Bz a1kp *=rk= a y iz n. ui4l ena#i%il mp i k eNA al6'm an r%in iDid= R# i8p n. i zm r i dy i]m n4 namzr,
r 4#i r 4R= +%n#i + r i#pe A nae4A Fpe A i#p r p e 8n n m # naBki n %inBzG r an ey$m eNi e%iKR# (na. 3614) en' ki#r.
128
im i4 n iνm
naiDik=m iDik= iky naiR=m nai il enaA = L naie # n DRBz a1kk di n (i. i . 103) m nl rin # ek =#iki#r. 6m =Dn4p iK1n R#i, anjm n4p ki + K nal=m y en' a nap e 8p R#ik J',
nm a l =n K1 n8n eNi ane4 a1km eNA anjl nen (i. i . 104) aD# naiD a%ikin # en# 1il u m. i#n ana i dy izk y4 r,
uyNμn i8KL%k 8p e 8 1R Ny N4 B> eN1 )i 4y '+ 8r' en' n K r Ny arG )i4il naieNA i% nain#n. o8k m a1in#rk= a 4m a%ik=m i m PNA i% =m N N4 Nm. 11 en' =#ip iAi#r. 1n k l 1n ekeNA ark= +'m 4νy i#n naiRi#n. i zm a1km naliAm nai4,
+' 4n #il aE4rL ark=m +'man 4νm i o86m 6m +' 4n eN1 a8%%r aE4i. . . . .(i. i . 247) en#
1il
n
in
=#ip iAin#r.
i zm
a1km *=l NAm en' + i4r ena#ip A i4k=k
129
m J'4il n in, 'Brk=m i#R=m nai i4
m nm uNA. B k 14 eN1n i#n. B uyik anai yk 84p e Dii#n' en' =#ip iAi#r. il a1km a83m aNl n a1nrk=G
ey$m
e 8n
i
*=m.
+i i4 in,
a# en' a1km r an'namp e #8ip e 8nKR# i naE (i. i . 58) en# 1l Di u m. 4.6.2. R#' l R#' l i#
a14G
rk=
14
a
L ain#. a m en nan en# n4$m m en enν14 en# n4$m e%ip A in#. i8k=#L J'm,
4e enνm e8k'p n rk= u4rn um 8m (i8k. 346) en# 1inN '4e'n'm neA i4 R# e 8% 'e ' en'm J#i 4 =m ai nai e #p Ai# . i u1G 1 m ek 8 Bk eNA 4 G eyin#. ui4il {A dA an e y n4 ey4yk 8k=m. i8k=#%in 8 i 2R n in,
4ne en en' ilen ey a4ll + a#iniAm nE 4rk=e +d A i e nali na1 in#n na8LDi4 (i. i . 98) naν BAey en# nani8 na el =#ik k . R=#ip id1 i8k=#3k=p iDr m u 4il,
130
eA ir R e R# u'ieDi%6m 4p 4iRi46m a '4n e - an' e%in aR#in N R# iAl,. . . . . il ivi8p R#i$m id1rk BA%en J#p d1 .[12] en' =#iki#r. i = ir en +i i4k =#ikin# . ii;1 μm anj\m mzn nai4il Bn '+i i4n' u 4l i# e%ii#n en' J'm (i. i .156).i# e1r l Bn ey$m i ui4in iR#in %ii8n iA dAp in na1 k=m. 6m m nm, aR zK μi4R#il Br eN1 R' aR'p y i4il naB i nai 4 on#il m R#G ey$m. en n in iR# i$' i,
uy$mu#K i4 o rk aE$yp e y$8 kR#ip *neN1 4eNA L$#Km + i83m alDi$m a1nrk=m (i. i . 252) en'm
iμ%4in nai44 l aE4il i414 $1m nalk=m %ip n e izn i4#i 4 Dm DiluDl in#rk=m iila8L 8mi8l i8 i na (i. i . 253) en'm
J'i#r.
uDlrk=m
il
anj\ l
i#k8
R'naBkip
u
2R Am
R'keNA
i#p 'k=m
en
e #p Ai# . 6m
zil
i'p d1
in
eye4k eN1 4k l Bνk= na na8m. an i#νk= aEPN1l 4kμm 4k l na8m na μm naB i BdEn m e # =n u4r nai4 a1in#n.
131
i8k=#L,
R#R# N i#p 'k=m (i8k. 349) en'm R' R#R#n R#i ap R#p R' R' i1R= en'm =#ip i1l ii;1 il ip i n 1n op i1 k . 4.6.3. am a' l rL ui4il n*R' i1rp dA 8n in#r. μn* y ip 4n, ii8m ip 4n, ey i%l uN1 4n +i4 BNAm BNAm i#p 4 n naiR=m. a 4n#ip i#k= Di. BNAm i# i#48%il n , nai 4 m i31n DG rL i8m*in#r. +l aR= 14y a$m % eNi 8n in#r. + i#n i#n e18m zil nji, i p enνm i8i%$m μ ik= 14 n in 8 in#r. μn i e=i4 an ip R#i e1rin# . in avp i#i4il yk NE ain# . 1nr zil {1R#m e # i8m*m ivi NEin'm iA4 eir rkin#r. 13 i zm am N1nji a1km *= iin,
n l 8Km an i % 4r8l iena 8p*k= iny eNi8n m elm inμip k=Dik iDi4 Nm ene8 =Di4naR = k=m e#i % i r ii4 eN1r nm a4 m ' k=p (i. i .141) D#4in ena#i 4i6
132
en# 1l ur m. i zm, 1n in iviL R#i4 aGm, i%k %4G ey4 NE4 e 'p* 2 m 1n8k= il. i n yG N*=nr ey$m r L i# e]. a zm e]m aE4r, N *=μn ey B4 e4l%l i%n i%G Br yk Nm i#n a8L * iin#n. 6m N *=m μnνm inνm aE4r a#in a#i4 ey iD%$m e ' 83in#n. iGeyi4 n iin,
μney i i %in μ% n#i μR'L% μ in μ% JR#il ney4 i88%l iK r Dl rn Ue Br p iney i4i on# on'm ipe ' '% i n R'm (i. i .143) en# 1l Di u m. +N13m aE4 in ip 4n B4iil d1 nje aDi$m eni#r. i,
4il E il inik 4 iD$m *=8n nain#Km B4iilU =m . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(na. 478)
en# 1l Di u m. i
o8μ#4
ey4p Eνm
a
i#
a1R= 14 ai yG Bp R#i i8k=m Bi%p njpe i4il id1 B n' kiiAm. ')r
p4: >4i;4i' ( .B 18.66) en' B4in il k .
Ne 8n
=#i
{NA
u% e%
133
i m S,
eme 8 anan4 1n R'm n yn ey4n n o8l m ey i1 na id1l a h84 il BR#i8k=m eme 8 ap μ] m naBkiiAi#r. 14 eni#r. N*=n k p i#in a8%. a n#iG Br m keL3m E na . ui4il {1R#m na iA? en# Brd= il. BNAm i# na k y nain' Br%in 4 Brp n i#n en# e 8%il,
a#iKm a m iaE 4 a1k eNA u#e nain# eμ# nain# eky ' i# i 4r eN1 i#4n in8%l e L m ir (i. i . 325) i
'rrn' e e1 =m il i1me R# '' en# e1 in i%ky ain# . iG inN i1m e 'm ' i 4j4' en# el 'iAl' en k =#i . Bν14 e4l, 8m en' en#
1l
eR#k
ai# .
8 in#
aR#
idAidA
i#G
N*NAm. ap Brd= '4y k eL3m e 'p*, ap R#i4 il'. ik8 n '' en# e1 il 'naB *m l' en' Ne 8n a8%ir. iv8% n in,
e naB*m l en#r nr r νk= rnr nr en#
aE%i6m
=#ip iAin#r.
(i. i . 276)
i zm
na
i8k=m E J#i4 kil nG 1n in % i#n naBki48Li#n.
134
i#ip e 8 1l naBn r naBnr i#n aE r.
(i8k. 10)
en# i8k=#3m i#E *=l i#i n m a'm en' =#ip nak k . 4.6.4. 4.6.4. BA nall B1 i#i %% a' , iip i#p in nad1 il {A dA i#ν1n l al aΝk y naiR#l +=m. i 1l,
na#ir D4n nalin al 2'l e%i B'e ' #km
( i. 15.15-16)
en# aE%il na n 84 BAp R# a%ikl en' =#ik=m. 6m,
8m y in i8im* ain i8' NE i4km nai$m %$m 2ni4 4l 8i inir i =m e mPN a8i u8in + eA ainnain i8 an e]rk= u ir #kμm u inan= u1
( i. 13.7-13)
en# aE%il, ' rp 8 k i4 e i4 m l nai# 1νm
i8irL i% =l n# =, k L 2ni4 31νm i8 a 1νm i% =m i8 e]rk=m a i8iνk= i4 =nm nan= u i4=m' en' =#ikin# .
N1 N1 in A en'BA e R' l NA BE l in m na3m ey Br *N1 i *N4 Br i nunjei A uNAnum u'i 48L naB i uymi
(na. 818)
135
i8%R'm e#ii n N1 UA 2R#i 2i i a8LeA idAaE4 +deLn ............................
(na. 414)
en# 1l%il μ#4 i8Di4z8m e i4z8m i#n 8$1n BA ' nal=k =#ikin#r. i 4 in e1rGi4 ip i nμm BA ' e 'm nai4 i%k=i# . Br%in N*=il di4 BA ' in nai4i# . BA ' NAm Bnin nai4 + L ' J'in#. ain# u4i in u4rn μEK i;Ν u a1=m e 1 nai1m =#ip iAin# . e u nai1 L u4irL aDi4 n4i urin# BA R'k= an* al iena#i4 i#ne i$' in#. 15 i zm an*nai#n i i ena#i4il {A d1 Bνk= BdEn m nal=m e 'p* i#G rni# . ap R#il R' eN1rk= 'i8p i i' en# 4il ip 4n edA μ i 8l al +r i i4G i *=nK1n μ i 8l e aE4r i8m*m 4il i#n BA nal=i#n. i n in,
*luil il e n8LN AR#rk=m ai an rk=m an#eA p l D =l iAik=m 4 L ain en' k=m a ii i a8Lμi (i. i . 255) en# 1l%il i%k=i#r. '*l uil il . . . uR#r' en i8p i i NA $m 'ai an r' en +r i i NA $m =#i en μnν kp d1 . (3.4.3)
136
i zm Brk= BA R# nal= n in p 1k =#ikin#r. il BA ' a1 on Enai% n in =#ip iAin#r. im eL3l, BN iR= 8n l, +4' l, id= anjl, μ ik= i4 Di%il {A Al N*=l +i4 Ln EL μRJ#p d1. (3.4.1) +'μl on an E naiL +n naB =m nai, a8Gi i rkm, m rl, iP i mν m e #l enνm nan= naiL i%kp Ain#. μn nai3m Brk= i4. iR=#ip id1 EnaiL nan=m i#n e4l%y a. 4.6.4.1. 4.6.4.1. +n u1lidA naB =l u#4inN e in L e4l 2 in#i i =n#i4i8k=m. BnKm B il i8k=m μ] a#iK e # m
i# eNEl
μ]4y
{A 1
i4 m
i#p dE8k=m. i# nai in# a8%l u1l idA +n naB =m eir naki4i8k=m. 4 4 %il kiena#i rnl Bn μ i e #p nai4 L u%. i i ena#i rnl Bin m i1m, m, %il u4rK14y i8kNAm en# dAp AL il. i n in,
nani naR nanii m en6 4ν ma = aE4rk=m ini i iAm 4 ikir nani 4mnaA naE Dik= na1e #
(i. i . 66)
en' =#ip iAin#r. il eme 8n B814 rni i4m, \ni i4 % 1n JdE am p i $il rki#n. in i +ni1m rki#n. avn LmP 31n ikp Ai# .
137
B in B m LmP %i4n# . μ in R*#m Fe6m*L JAin#. aR# 1n i#n LmP %in mk= p e R'keLi#n. i zm 14il Bνk= na8m. innai4il Brl 8eNA nA a 8Lin#n. in u1i4 i#4iin' iA 1G ey uGi i4 i ni m Di4 +n e%i4R#i a8Gi i rk iR= idAG elin#n. ik8 k% i%kμ# n in,
u#4id1 e% νL u#$m u4i4
na#d e1DiR# naR'%K 2ni4 na4nn nai#d E enaAm 4n d1 nain 1G i#edE idA Dip A m eyiA (i. i . 144) μn8i { n il JdE μki4y 8 i r elm nan=8m u4i iil r LmP naNΝi nn l k=m nan on 1n i N A1 y uL% o8E 4ri%k=m u1m y on'm ni#4in l i#n nam (i. i . 144) # Dip A μR # en# 1l%il =#ip i1km. 4.6.4.2. 4.6.4.2. arGi i arGi i rkm Bn mk= Ey u1lidAp i in m B, i n, i4m μi4 1K%rL eiren' R' m el 4il eNA y iArL. i zm uk 1nrL BNAm i#ik 1il BDr. il# μm rk μm e iek i1n Brk= i#48%l =8in a8LeDi i1 . il e y 4k L naB i a8Gi i rkm ey m i#p*R#r.
138
i,
na1e # a i lo%i naLu 4m +NA i18 R' i ii in i in8n =1$1 r n i i en'i l (i. i . 67) i14i1 L eyi eDiR m 2'
e8%r i * i# rni1r Brnrm 8%r i * Gi# Brn in neireNA a8%l a r na1 im 4 1nR in (i. i . 146) 8%r na GDl +R#in DRi4i en# 1l%il =#ip i1km. namzr,
eireir i4r i8p i1m = r i r a r nnai# dEr air= l μ L a1l μDke (na. 3982) i i DyμE n rk en' μ i ' u' νk= na8m u %k J'6m {NA i eN k . 4.6.4.3 m aΝ=l y nali, Bi%il i18R' i%l na8m i#i n il a]ni4 E Br i8nr. aGBrL N*k 4il, aviL naB ip i#i n m e1 4il uynr. al i%in e=i e1 Nm i 4R#k 1k=m ' idE4 . i n in,
N14i8 i4R#il En m o]i4nam ki 4 l ...................... =%irn e%in aμi4 i 4R#k N1Νik 8 1n B%k N1r ie4lm i id 1
(i. i . 149)
139
en' kk m. BAe 'μn m el4il ='kiAm r +' i 4=m. ivR#k 1k=m Br m i4Km edA U4 y =nm rr en *. en NG m N1 i i3m,
n Dy p p r ep i4 iznl #ip R r i k= ap l ir an#
(a'. 723)
en' +zr%G i#p i k J'4il =#ip iAin#r. 4.6.4.4. i mν m i 4R#k
1k=m
Br
i831n
i#n
e]n83m 4ik 1n elin#r. =nm iv4 um. ipe n4 ui ani8k=m N1 m i8iN1 m. a eyB N1 il eyBk dEil +i
mzn an' +zn u4rn μEil e 8m D4 mzn ail e i4 nal rGB4 mzn ail e i41r \ in 4 mzn ail e i4en aa#G mzn4 (na. 3999) en# 1il namzr iP i mν urn in#r. i 4 iP aν m a1n Bk
140
=#ip iA4il, n in, e%ik=i#r. ip 1l 8',
a i4
u%in
Di
a16 m uNAizn a8kn a]k1n ]i4nal %m k 1e]ik rn k dA Bk neDin %i# 1l8m 4lDin r ni# y nr m e R#r u1nμ u4ir#k=m 4 naB i u4rn m 2#i$rn on#i (i. i . 151) μ i41n Brk= u J'4il on#il R'd dAp Ep in avlil i8n naB =m nai%k =#ip i1k m. i, i i8i4in ai i8%ii8n iA d1 Brk=p e 8 μ# ain#. i mν m e R# nai4il il μn =]i4i8k=m nai 4m iL, kr, r, i4 Di4y a8%i4 + i4rL μr =D A in Bn en'm i .
i# eN1
8i4i8k=m.
i
in
RJR#,
2#i eDiR m el K4irk=m iμk=m na' DyμE na naNi 4E4im J' rn =8kL =D L = DRBz ' in#i izne]m nν
(i. i . 68)
en' =#ip iAin#r. iv4il n in e%i4 Bνm a1km *=n i%k=in#r.
i mν m
e R#
iN$1n
141
4.7 i4l μE*
4.7.1. ' i4il i#n' enνm ivi4il a8G nai4il i]m i#n n a1$m Br l a83m e4lL i%kp Ain#. i#in μm 8$m i ena#i48%6m u 4μm νy naiR#6m i%kp d1. *8< p i i4 i8L nain' B uyi 6m N4 i]m i#in a8%R#in r a =m. 4.7.2. 1nrk= i#n e4 nain' nEkBzp *l a%ikin#n. Bin R', i% naBki48Lin#n. +nip i i , a8Gi i rky aD G en', iP i mν aν ikG eyi#n. i zm
i#Ge4lL,
ip
i n il
i%kp dAG i4 i$' ain#. ne#N i%km 1. ini r i, iz iki4 %il m, . 49 2. 3. 4. 5.
i.+r. na imn, *m eype 8%i46m, .124 E.en.eS. n, i m yK, . 16 S4 4) m (μl =i), . 128 i i i4r, ip i nm u , . 298
6. P<m - 10 7. na. p*e dE4r, Gelm, . 365 8. , k. 201,202 9. S4 4) m (μl =i), . 9 10. i.en. ir4Si, ;n, . 12 11. +r. y4 r, (μnν ) - ip p nm, . 59 12. iDr, i8k=#L u , . 346 13. Raghavadasan, Visishtadvaitam and Vedanta Desika's Sri Nyasa ____Dasakam, P. 44 14. i mS, i, . 31 15. na. p*e dE4r, Gelm, . 8
142
p *p dA *p dA ena#iL 5.0
iki4 L
e 8N%
l,
r,
u14.
a#m,
ki
ipe 8NL
ep
lp
i#p ikpe #
iki4 +i i4814 * in#i44 . Ae 83k= 2R p
e 8L
*p dER=m
iki4
na4 iR=m
l'
μ#% iki4p 1p %r 4Lin#r. imμ#L uL%1km, u8m, u i enνm Fn#G rn a. uL%1k e%ip A u8μm ape 8L e%iil G en#14 u i3m naiRin#. 5.1. 5.1. *p dA ena#iL en o8 8i4=m. an Di eAp m eL m a#iip m a#i i4 4nL naizin#.[1] ikJR' iki4k k=m e 8n m. iki4k 3L aDi4l urKm 4=m.
*p dA
μ#3m
iki8p
ik
ip 1p* en i\ in urK e%ip A. m 1p il urK4p d1 n4p i i ik=m ap 1p* iki4G e#iK14i# . zi4l J'%G irL J'R=m i#n i\n J'R=m ' ANA. i\r mμr nai a%il e%ip A i iAil. J'm e 8%in iN, J'm μ#4in nud m n#R#A aii, aDi4 4, i4G eyi4 8in#r. i\r Ey e%ip A m Ae 8L Ep G en' NAm. i\r 8 p *p A r; Ep r * in eL r. e in eL36m * in eL36i4 nai4 '*p A' en# elin e 8L 4#4=m. e, i4il e 8d*p A en i\r 43m i *3k=L e 8% ep E e%ip A in#r al i4il e 8L ep E e%ip Ai# en p e ' ai# .
143
ip 1p in eR#i$m nai 'm an e 8%i4 dAm rn an'. e 8NG i#p*1n JE4 *p dA μ#% o8 1p μ]e #G ey$m. 8 k% en μ#4il e 4 eDi4il e%i4i1NAm en' 8iAm nai4il e 8L *p A m μ4Ri R#m e 'i# . e Ae 83k= 2R k i\n ReL3m 4k μ#% *p dA ena#iL em. en a%iR=k i\r *p dA ena#i%il i#kin# an%iR=p Ae 8L nai ' a1in# . \r o8r m 4in evi4l nk= μ46m ar eyin# +kμ#L 4Km *p dA ena#i%=m. iki4 in iRi' J'%i6m i\ in $L%m e 8N4G i#p ik=m 4il nud %k 43m. ip*p dA ena#i%in ini4il eDi4inN i\r e6 m +3 a1 i4i8ki# . iv4i4 iki4 ena#i% 4p* en# *#Eμm u, u8m, Em, =#i4BA +i4 anai u i3m ain#. iDil e 8L e%ip A uL3#, i#Gi, =#ip*pe 8L, i# d1pe 'm. im *
u iL +i4R#in aEp 14il i]k$ i4 *p dA ena#i%in
en4 ur m. 6m ai%in J'L iki4 na4m rA *p dA ena#i%$m ain#. 5.1.1. p *p dA ena#iL m uNp e 8L; n L% ; uil =m n$1n n4$m uL%1ki iip m +=m. u$m u i4l iR %$m an i4kG kik 1l%$m e 8Nk J'% eNE = . iG kik= ap i4k a#i$m μ4Ri4il e 8m k J'L ain#. u i4l iR= + G ki e ? u uR i 4 zm naizn ? iR=p in in nai 4 ? μ Li%in i%yp 8 i4lL e]n en m a
144
p J'%p ii en m μnν kp d1. (1.1) i 4 naip AL 4Km *n1n ey4i4 (Meta Physics) u84i. urin#r Di i# aR# url i464n#ip i# 4il *p A m μ#L i4. ikJ'L 4Km nuNe 8L n4i. *n 1n i#nai4, u i4k p *νk=L dAp dA ]m nr 4 6m a#i4 i4 . a#in rn \iL 8m μrn' aR# e%i4idE8kin#r. iGin% a#il ev%K Ey ain#, a 4 Em iGin% ur i6m uNA. i%k iR= aEp 1 + % a avG 4njr i %=m. i 3m μEn μE i; μnr i % m in 1l nuΝi4yn %G eDikG eyr. i.xn,
ini4 \iL + yGi4il dAn#i av yGik= 4 % + yi6m e i m {A d1r. i L ek =#ip i1p A a#ip e 'm DiL, i% ini4 \iL i L en r. . . . . . . . . .[Lm] e #iL, nlL +i4 iR#il oven'm ove8 i m ep Am. 2 en' ki#r. 6m ar,
in i L e 8m n$m i i4dm, anum, +pki4m +i4 Fn#$ k= i k eL. 3 en' p m eN k . imFn'νL i i4dm en N1l al di a% en'm anum en 8 l al 8 % en'm aDkpe 'm. +pki4m m μ nl%=m. iR#in aEp 14il %
145
μneDin
\iL
8m
i4Rp
e 8d%G
n'%k dE aR#ii4l*% p *p dAk= i4 Di%k eN1r. ivi4l u m +=m. μnrk =#ip id1 Fn' =#ip i1pe 'm. 4
i 31n
u μm
i k
il nuNe 8% k J'% i%k=4il u
μ
iki4
u i
e%iiR=k
ena#i%in in#i44 4%pe 'm
u iL
*=m. p
*p dER=m in#i44. nan= nakin u μ u iL
4Km
iki4 il
8
e%ip dER=p
4n Ay aA, i%i Km ey. p e 8N4il 8 e%ip 1 μn$'in# . iv4il
G
Si n
a$m
ip
i n il n in e 8L *p dER=k 43m ena#iμ#L ivi4l e 8N% ain#. na4i iv4p i nm kip ν e%ip A m iki4 ena#i%in ini4il an k J'%$m i νяr ur i4 a8 8 %$m uL i a i4 p D4 ip i nm i% =i# . inn6L 8 e%ip dER= i4 4il n in 4NAL% ena#iμ#% 1. u iL 2. na4 na4i m 3. 4p i4l ena#iL en' ip A m.
146
5.2. 5.2. u iL i\r m 1p 34il 43m *p dA ena#i%il eDi4in anai4il ak=m ena#iμ#% u iL em. *p dA μ#%il u i%in elk i=i4 i8kin# . u i eνm 4# elp i4m μk p Ai# . iv4il ik nlL =#ip iAm u iL ik nul e 8%p R#i4in#. eiνm a iki4 *d=m e 8n m. +l e 8N e zm e%ip dAL% en dA iki4 u iL eLil. iR'k=p e 8N *p dER= i4 JA N*3m uNA. u μ aiL u i% a4 k. iviL e'm a dAm a4l i nak nai#R# iRKm i%K 8i$m 4n 8i$m 4%p Am a u inai e 'k eL%m. 5 rEni en r, 'iki4 1p il 1p %i D
i8m*m eyi (Message) al aEk8 (Theme) i
24 a m u iμ#4is'06 eni#r. il 8 p *p dEl u i%in elki u m. 5.2.1. 5.2.1. 4 nl3m u i3m iDiki4 p e ' 4il kip N* i%i8m 4il e]n 4nlL i=i. ey i1 A u#k=m n4 nakk eNA i e]in#. iR#in μn nakm R p kiDi4il ikG ey6m i#pe 84 ur 6m 4G i %p *k=6m +=m. iv'
8 kL
naikKm
4ne 'm
Nm
a4Km kip r l u i%k R $1n 4Lin#r. iki4 in i6m ki aν i6m i
147
o8 k R +z . iv4il n in 43m u i%, 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
u u8 e1rL Em =#i4BA eNΝpe 4 i1l
en' ip A m. iR'L u, u8m, Em, =#i4BA +i4 e1r eDinai u i% an L%. eNΝpe 4 i1l elnai u i% ain#. iv u i% an#i, ii1 ap*, ani ap* +i4 iki4 ena#i3m ip i n iνL p Ain#. aR# iA p *p dER= i4 u iL dAm {NA +yKk=p eL%pe R#. na4 na4i μm =#i4BdA n4il a$m u in; eiνm anN p Am ape 8L * 8i i4 dE$ kp Ai# . 5.2.1.1. u iki4 e%ip dA μ#%il e i m 4%p A m aiL R#iR= aEp 14 u ai# . u4in n4 NE4 m,
on'm Km e 8e%A e 8L*rn op* n#G ep* u
en#
u i
(NE. 31)
eni# . i 4 op*p N* uil *i4n'. in en' inik e1 i an' μ u4in R#μm ain# . i n4 a.. \m nn,
148
p d1 e 8d% op idAp rk=m i4l* ii1m i4R4 an L% i4l =m. ii1m en' eNm n#iR# an# eDi$m n#i i8 l NAm. eDi n#i4 an# u n#i i8k=m. 7 en' =#ip iAin#r. op*4l u G eyin# ivK i4in 4 i%mP r,
il 4n en ip eil *n al *6m a ik d1rk= in m 4 6m 8 en' =#ip r. i\ in aν e%i4iiAm u, Ep
in*' A 8 G e#iK1n e 8L e%i uN1kl . e%iil u k J'% u4in Di i%k=l e 8L *p dER=G i#nen#=m. iv4i n iνm u%k 4Lin#r. i#n
yk=m
nai m i4n
en'
i4iki4 L 1p m. = zr,
a ii l {n#y aR#iEνm R'aLn a8Lnain a]m=Di a n' i8n (na. 688) en'
i#A
4
uikin#r.
im il
n
iνm,
L% i4iνm y l i =m i l (i. i . 21) uL% u#in# u n en'
y4
i#n l
u4ki
i%k=in#r.
= zr ni4 μn A 'y' en# u4k 4%, n in i# μnp A iAm 4il
149
ivK4k uikk
4Li#r.
m
B in
i zm uyiR=
8$14
4
4 a8%i4 m
' 1n k p n' en' il J#i4 m +i4 a8% nain=m. i#n a8%i4 L e%iil u i4. aR# urniAm 4il + i4rL e%ip A i a#iK' ir. i n4 'a i4r 4il a1 i4 1l' e n in ur i#r. i,
. . . . . . . . . 4m a14G eniz nl = i' iGr i'G i# a l ne mu p ie4n' L i4 a1ki aE4m (i. i . 23) ne ma 'k a8Ln un en# 1E%l u m. ipe 8m 1i a i4r m uL% 4il a1ki4 + i4r 8m a#i4 oN % m i4 L a1ki e%i4 4il aR#in e 8% a8%ir en' ivK Fm n in ur in#r. μn i4r J#i4 k J'% ' i1 8 r li$'l iNm en' u'i4 eNΝm in a na i% uikin#r. i,
μLe% i4r μn ine L μki4r l eL% i14il na i l iDikin# Br% (i. i . 21) enνm aE%l u m. iνk= μL% l ' e4k 8 m BrL, + i4r%i1 * inl eL% i14il ap d1 na i %ip l i18R' R#Ar en in ivE%l ur i8m*m e 8%=m.
150
il Br3k=L By i#n i8kin#n en' k=m * μnν kpe R# (1.5.3). i zm i#n iz n in,
u1li n'm u4i8m u4irk=4i y i#$m 1lik N1 % i % e nl (i. i . 28) en' ki#r. i i8i4i4 1il i]m μ kL BrL. μ k%i1 el6m e R A i#n en' uip l B
B i m ur pe 'i# . Br i4il i# iNyG 1k =#i # iAm am*1n in uikin#r. i,
'a8L r nai4ikil ame nan aizn' (i. i . 246) en l u m. am* =#i4ikil on' Al +n rp l i#ν1n on' Am nai4G Br a1l ivK4l i%kpe 'm. i4
ReLr
u4rn
in i4
μ ip R#i4 4k eL% NAm. # ui4l in % NAl en iDi . i,
e n izn i8 L *li4 *l6nl nr eAp ap e n n ν m n a1ni1 8L ey$m iGi4n e nE na1n m*#m +renel eyiE (i. i . 112) en# 1l u m. i8 L *lA e n i1n6m i8m *l4 i8m*m. +l nrL e np e i m i8m*r en# ivK e n naiR=m i# a1 k ; an#iG iR#in m NEG 1l en ur m.
151
μ ip ' 8m i$m o8nai4il 4n l yi1kJE4 . i4 ReN1r a n 8i Re#8 u 4 ReN1l ap i evip 4$m nal . i4in i n4p i mSi 1n n in uikin#r. aSi p i 4 %il u4rn i mSi . i mSi iA p inνm r am* PdAl iDi . a n' i4 ReNA inνm r u 4 il {A Al iDi . ki4y #r aSi p i 4 p i mSi m 2R G i$m R' 4m naEl n a$m. ik8 i4 in,
N1 ena#i #r JdA NEl a4 i m leLi naiR=m
(i. i . 86)
en# u4l dAin#r. Bn u1iνL i8k=m , i4R4y an \m =n#i i8k=m. il iP i4m ey4 i4
iGBn
4 =m.
i4
ReN1l
μ ip ' a%ik i#n i8m*in#n. B i#4ii8n Bn iAikin#n. Bn \i4 o%ie R' i]m. Bnin ivi4l u#4iid1 31n n in uikin#r. L u#4ii8k=m an i$m +R#6m =n#i i8p G Bn u1il i8k=m
i4m
eyl
a i
en'r in#r.
i
'u#4iid1 e% νL u#$m u4i4r' (i. i . 144) enνE4l u m. i zm e 8N on#νk= r u =#ip all uL i1me R'm ain#. ivp , ikiL i4l u, e 8L u en'm dAr. i zm u aAki8l J# i8m*m 8 iνk= iK rp ai# .
152
i8in aDi4 R# ip 'e 1 i N14r' (i. i . 228) en# 1il in uL R#l aAkik J'i#r. ip 1il,
u#Sii i4il 8%n e i4 i dE$1νm Pi i$1νm p ik=m naik= r +N anm i NA e 131n JE4i8p $m o8 e i4 i8 k m naB 8iL e 8i41 naiR $m +N4e4n' i NA e N 431n JEk =K$m )9r4n 44Am o%i4Am iz$m o8 m i NA eE31νm p ip $m r)9xm %Am Sm8i%Am e 8ni naiR $m uk J#m. 9 en' ki#r. ip 1in (i. i . 228) a 4E oven#i6m m, 4im, m, m, =m, eNm en' aAki4 nai ivK%6m ur μE4 aDi4 i8K8 en G dAin# . i n' Re#8 1 'i8
ii4n' (i. i . 225) en m i8in i8K8 u aAk=%l 8iki# . + i4r
i#pe 8%$m
i
%$m m B18k= ur in#r. aR# urn na1 nan 4k=m. a4 +n {1R# iR=G e 8% a. ik8 i aAki4 u%l n in i$' in#r. i n4,
e =*l +'%il *m elm e RDl a%nn#n %l n e4νm nai k 1lL 2Dil i#n νn 1 G =%il an m in NA% e L= i%i m en# eNi4nal r Lnam iin # (i. i . 120)
153
en l u m. + i4r a8LeDi% i#νkep e 8L31n op idAk J'l imeDiL
4Km
i#n
eDi%
en
=#ip il
ur pe 'm. imeDi% dA aR#in Di na1n 1r μkip ' e 'r. i zm μki41rk=m in uL aAki dAi#r. i, a1lu m uNAizn a8kn a]k1n ]i4 nal %m 1e]ik rn dA Bk neDin %i# 1l 8m 4lDin r ni y nr m e R#r u1l μ u4ir #k=m 4 naB i u4rn m 2#i$rn on#i (i. i . 151) en#
1l
u m.
ip 1il
B8m
a1$m a 8 i4 4$m an u%l ur pe 'm. 2νm
r
i1 il
aizn
μkip '
uik=me 8%y
iA d1
e 8d%
u%k dAn Fm 44 idA naB =m n4i4 μ ip ' a14 i46m en ur i#r. n in 43m u e1r3L i * enm rn al {NA eN k . i ; il ar eN1 {A d1 ur i naiRin#. e p 1G dAm uL 4Km ;G Si id e%i$1n ur m 4il ain#. iki4 ena#i%il e 8L *p dER= uKm ue4νm u i i id ur m iki4p =i3k=m a8n 4y ain# .
154
5.2.1.2. 5.2.1.2. u8 e1rL u4in e#i u8=m. NE4 m,
u$m e 83m R' oDii one# dEn aq u8 =m
(NE. 36)
en' =#ik=m. u4p n' u8μm *p dER= i4 8i4=m. iv4il ip
8 p i nm
eNAL% u8 e1r3L i n'%k m.
y u4i i a m k=m 8 μil
(i. i . 11)
en# e1 il μil De Din uin a p *# i4k d=m i#n 8, +n e4l dER= μR#i6m i# en' n in =#iki#r. μil 6m 8 en '8μil' en' u u8 in#i u, e 8L en' ' 1 o8el naBr y an . μ iDik= 14y an naiR iL. ivi%l i#i 4r #i#i 8m. i 4 n4l B% μE4 1l en' i% n in u8iki#r. i 'il in uDlik=m ik1l' (i. i . 319) enνm aE46 m. ivK8m B% μE4 14iνm i naiRi# .
BNA G
ey$m
enνm
8 ik=
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . a8LeA p l D =l iEik=m (i. i . 255) en#
1E%il
1nrk=p
Di%i4
i K
a8%i4 l naB iiAm en' i% i8%Km a8%p Km u8p A in#r.
8e \e al N1 u4irk8m ek il
(i. i . 102)
155
en# aE%il kiena#i4in a84G dAn Fm i4in e%i R*' p Ai# . ine 8dAk rm, \m, ki a1 i4 iena#i4 aΝ a i A en' u8p A in#r. ; il i4 a#iK' i4 + i4r JR'k= #R#k ]k en' n in =#iki#r. i
ie8 kR# i dEp l64i8m A#p NΝ in# i i %in A ]k R#ik NΝ14r NA i
(i. i . 199)
enνm aE%l u m. R=#i u8 L *, i#n e 8, i4in i#p* +i4R# e%ip A i$ k a8 8i% ain#. 5.2.1.3. Em Em en u8 in e#i a=m. ij (Image) en# + iG el6k=k di e1r $m e1r $m o8 dAm Em en# el 2R# . [10] ip E L nuNe 8L n4il aR#p 8pe 8% u8i k di4kik R r e%iil u8m 4il a. 8 k%in nuNpe 8L E n4il a$m nud m e%iil i% =m. e G enl eR%l a$m 1 Em em. r a1eDi4 u8, u4 E u8km. n R 4 UNE e%ip 14 8 p *p A m 8p =i$m Em +m. i urGi4$m i#p i urGi4$m Ep r e 'm Nm Em i]m.11 . BiGi, '*ν u8k% eDi4il dAm μ#4 Ei4l ap =m' 12 en m iN nak k . iv4il in 43m EkJ'% iik m.
156
i i8i4 ai i ey4k 8i naiR=m n4 n in 'N*4l' en' 8iki#r. ikN*4i4 i%4d1 ReL i# i8kin#n.
nG
1rk=
i 4
urn eL3m a#i 8n Fm μ ik= 14y naiR=m 4 naB =i# . im4 n4k 'N*4l
i%4dA' en# E l ur , NA%i aEm1 iky nain# N*4l i%4d1k Dikin#
(i. i . 85)
en# aE%l u m. G e#i e%i4 i%k=m 4il i eyiL E %y uikp e 'm. im *L
'nai44m' en'm =#ikpe 'm. i n4il an k J#i n in m 1en#il i%ki$L%r. i#i4l i3m i%l i#i3m e1rn 8l JAm. ip i#i%$m i#i% 2R A m i%$m 1 rk= i#n naBki48Lin#n. 14rk=p i#i n m e1rn 8m. i4l μ%$m μ%kin# eE4l i$m #i #i n' l i%l i#i$m i#i4l i3m e1rin# en 'iμ%4in nai44 l' (i. i . 253) enνm aE4il =#ikin#r. ip E L
4Km
u4in
aEp 14il
an
k 8 % uy r i1G eyy ain#. 5.2.1.4. 5.2.1.4. =#i4BA =#i4BA en R 4in aEp 14il %rn r iki4 u i4=m. elk 8i4 o8 e 8%in uN n
2# D
ae4
ine8
e 8L
eNA
i%k=m u i4 =#i4BA +=m. ik=#i4BA elp i4m dAm uL3#, i#Gi enνm iki4 u i% o . +l
157
i4Rp e 8d%in ini4i al NAm en# nai4i =#i4BdER= il. u, u8m n' op*44 =#i4BAm ai# . =#i4BdAp e 8%l =#ikp Am e 8L uy p e # NAm. e%ip 14 ur p 1d1 . =#i4BdEn i n4 ap l =n,
op*#6m odA#6m Re#n#k =#ip ur m e 8L (object) =#i4BA ep Ai# . 13 en'r in#r. iv4il, n in 4n A m a8njeldiL =#i4BdAp e 8N4il ain#.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ei r 1p L%i n e L r $L ni4 (i. i . 133) enνm aE%il '1p L%i n m' en e]n i4 nakin i ν in Di4il n iνm G i % u kin#r en ur m. i ν i1 an*eNA 1p L%i4il (4#) eNA * in , eme 8i1m G i % urn eN1 i1m i4Gn m eNEn i#p l 1p L%i4Gn ep Ar. iGi#p '1p L%i n m' eνm e1r =#ip il ur i# . 5.2.1.5. 5.2.1.5. eNΝp e 4 i1l a% eNik4G d1Km a%i#n n4G d1Km eNΝp e 4rL 4%p Ain#. i eNik en# a%i all +=e 4 yp i#ien# ur m n4i6m a. e 8N4p *p A m ena#i%il i =#ip il ur m il ain#. ki4iki4 %il
i#in
N*%G
d1Km
oi4i 8i$m iveNΝG eRL 4%p Ain#. aνn i4 an,
158
anji on' e R#n anji on# i anji on' +# + i4rk 2i anji on' e R# a k N14r il anji on# n annam a%i k p n (m . p*. 31) enνm 1l eNΝG eR%il * k J'% uL%1ki4 ai# . ip 1il 'anj' (Ln ) enνm eRL njP %i4 Lm R#k =#ip . on' e 8m Ln m μ#4 R', naBr, +4m, Pi, B en R#G dA. i ip 1iνde in * *%in ini4i4 u i46m. iv4i4 n iin 1l%i6m eNΝG eRL d1p e 'in#. e%ip dER= i4 i 4n AR# iik m.
'μ ik8L m1 Fn'' (i. i . 3) enνE4il Fn' en# el
y
naiR=m
i ,
ai ,
i#n
enνm
μpe 8L% ur iR'. 6m i i4p e 8LL ep Am i8ni m, 4m, m +i4 μpe 83m Fn' en' e= G d1pe 'm. i,
Fn#il o8Fn'm Fi NAm μnnan=m (i. i . 4) n# e$m 4r enνm 1il u m. ip 1il imFn' e 8d%in eleNik p = G d1p Am. i8ni m Fn' eR% u144l o8 Fn' eKm 4m +' eR% u144l Fi NA eKm m ni8 eR% u144l μnnan= eKm eleNik4k eNA =#ip i1p e 'in#.
159
edA Fr i eNn eNEk= edE# eN i i8i edA L {n#eN = n ede1Νm eN= i4rk= edA reN i ieN i edE4 meN elm edA =medA ede1Νm edA i Km edE
(i. i . 84)
en# 1il edA en# eNΝpe 4r eN 4k =#ikpe 'm e 8LL 4i$m *p A m. edA Ei4 iEm, edAk NΝ14 i n, edA iL, aR#iR= i4 edAk1K%r, edAp i i8iL, edAL, in edAp N*L, * i4in edAp N*L, naR N*%i4 edA rL, edA i i, edAp i, edA 4m, edAG elm, B in edAp N*L, (ed1A edA u#D8m) a' nan= L, eNG L epe 'm i4K i8ni l
a14 k .
i zm
i#in
r
l4G d1 edA en# eNΝp e 4 in aAk= uKin# . i8ni m ede1] k% u14 . 4m i8e1 n an . on' e] eNik46m Re#n' e1e Nik46m
e 4 i1p dAL%.
'edAm
i NAm
a#i4 em' (i. i . 93) en# aE4il 'edA' i8ni $m, i NA 4 $m dA. i 1eDi4i6m 'a;1> m', ' 4m' ep Al eN k . i zm
eNΝpe 4r%,
i#
%$m
i#k 84$m i%k in 4NAL%r. 6m eNik44 i8ni m, 4m, m +i4 =#ip i1Km e 'in#. eleNik46m, e] eNik46m +=e 4 y iv i i4 L d1p e 'in#.
160
5.3. na4 - na4i m ui4il p Am u#K nai%il i#p i G elp A +1r e NErk= i14i 6r4=m ivKriR= μn n p kL e]n. ki i4km eDi ik6rK na4 - na4i yp im a1n . a ip 1lL, n - i +i4 i14 i4in nai4p e i m in J'in#. naAm m in Kk=k i8 l n# a i *L i#keLk=m 2R*144i. inena#i4il
{A Am
i#k
k
o8n
nk
8
i4k
na4
-
na4i
eNA, in
aEp 14 d 1=m. +zr3m m na4i4 Km i# k= i4 na4 Km 8ik 4p E4 1l3m arm kip *p dAk=k 8i%4i. 6m il i# na4y μn l +D R d1 on'. n na 4 me 8L en R*' m il 'ae8 n; a a1 Brd= a8m i' en e%ip A na4 - na4i m naiRin# . im il
iνm
m
1l%il
m
e N1n4 k eNA, 1l *n 'na4 - na4i m' eνm 8 i46k= i r L%r. iv4il ir E4
1lL
Fn'
+=m.
imFn'νL
i8 1lL
DiJR#Km o8 1l eii y JR#Km ain#. imFn' 1l3m i84Bni * m eyna4p R#ip 1p d1.
eDir eDi μmμ# 48m a4in4il n iDir iDien' inμ k1l +inain# iDir a8Ney4r elE NE4 eli4nl e Dir a rm P 8m* uni4 PD4 (i. i . 349)
161
DiJR'p 1il ' i8in aEeD i8m*m i avin m i1k4l n*'i#L. a n i nn e Di$m L i=ikin#' en#
en#
ape 8d
eyi
d1p Ai# .
ivp
e 8N
i84ini pe 8, 14 NAm en# Br i8p m +i4 eyi% i%k naiRin#.
+rk=m 8 e Din a4in4il nrn rkeN 1kN1 R *4il N i4 rk=m μizk=m iiriirk =meLi evK4irk=m rkin #rki naenel en' 4i6 (i. i . 352) enνm DiJR'p 16m i8in 8G i#p eA k=m. i 1 r 4rk=m 8 e Di$m eyna4k N1 i4in aKrK e 8keA nai4il narn a% eyp A% i%k=m n4il ai# . ip 1il 'R*4il' en ki nai4il niDn
i#nai4in
a8G
nai4il
{A d1
aE4 k =#iki# . n in eii y JR# an,
eR*1n on#i a4in4il evi Br8nen' aR* arn d18L NEnaiRp R i rney 4L E dE4 N*1e4m iR*8 keEk ri 4l e R# (i. i . 355) en# 1il i8L νm i84Bni * m eyna4 i8m*in#L en' J'i#r. 'i8l ik= narn l nayk= i8 8n . i am8n i8m i naiRin#L' en' eii =#ikin#L. ip 1il nai 4m i z i8m*m Br i4Km Brm nai4 NA i4p r eii4Km d1p dAL%r. i zm na4 na4i G dAm i i4r,
162
iνk= eyna4n B L% a%ik l i z e N n4 n . i n 2#idAk eLn#i y 8=m. *8< n μn* ni μin#ip n yk i1k=m uμ] m e Nn4=n#! i zm in %in n4 a1nr. 14 en' =#ip eN k . inna4 - na4i il i#in i i ini μm BrL i#G 1 k en m a zm 1 rm 6ryG d1p dAL%.
an in
e 8k=m
iki4 %il i4in ur, i JR# e%ip A iνm Di, eii, n JR# e%ip A m 1l% i=i4=m. ki rn ape 8% na4 - na4i il i#r JR#iνm i JR#y a$m 1l% e 8m n4=m. i4y n 8iAm aE4rm an in e]4 i JR'p 1lL i%k=m. +l ip i n il Di, eii +i4rm JR# an 1l% p Ain#. ikJR'L aE4 in N p e #i8m*m i#e8n, ap ki4 u8m n4i4 d1pe 'in# em. 6m namzr = zr n#r na4 - na4i il m na4i4yk 8ip Er. ar m u% eN1 n in, m Di4$m eii4$m Er en'm 8m. 1l R#i4 eyi μR=#ip id1 unai4il (5.2.1.1) i%kpe R# . im1Re 8N, i8 4zr i81il
'%i8m 1'r' en' a il an L% . 1#i p e R# r en 1n nai 4 m izip e R# Brk= op*4kp d1 .
163
5.4. 5.4. 4p i4l ena#iL Ae 83k=n 4il 4%p Am eDi4in ap* Em +=m. i u na14, ey$% a4m. u na1kJ' ip i i4 e1 p e #iνm L p i4r 84i4 eDip*R# . aR=μn Ae 83k= =n , i % i=i4k 4N1r. 1il 4%p Am e 8NkR# 4il oina4m i#n4 NAm ek 8i4 *r r l' urK kiR= 2R p , i % a k eN1r. iv4il n in njip , njip im naB 24 k%in *%k 4NA uL%r. eN : =#L eN - 2; na i eN - 15 +i i4p : naiNEm - 4; na i - 1 ip : eGk ip - 23. i eN
eNA# (ene1)-1 a'Br +i i4i8 m-12
e]Br +i i4i8 m-2
eNB i i4 i8 m-133 +i i4p
i'Br +i i4 i8 m-1
a'Br +i i4Gn i8 m-2 e]Br +i i4Gn i8 m-2 eNBr +i i4Gn i8 m-1 ni8Br +i i4Gn i8 m-1 iFn'Br +i i4Gn i8 m-1 in=Br +i i4Gn i8 m-3 i'Br +i i4Gn i8 m-3
i8 eNBr +i i4 i8 m-2 ip
d1%ki #-185
ii8 m-11
164
ip i n L o al i L a1 i4 i n 3m p , im i i4 i n 3m p Ain#. iv4il o al im a1 i4 i n L 8'. a'Br +i i4i8 m +i i4p im
eNBr +i i4i8 m eGk ip ii8 m
ip im
d1%k i #
i8ni G 8k= i8Gin i n m + nai4m a1kp a8 njm i i ni8nam 4G 8k= G 8k= Br i m
ip i n L 4Km i# k J'L i 2νm o8 e 8N4 dAm nul ain#. n# i8ni G8k= i8ni i4 'm na na 44' en n pe 8%; +n, , +n nai> u p dA e 8% u14 . i4n#i
24
i n L
4Km
k%,
i %k eN1in#. i 4 i n L 4Km m,
im,
*8<r m
enνm
Fn'
e 8%$m
i%k=Km %in G e#ii + yKm ain#. avpe 8Nk J#iνk= 2R p L eL%p dAL%. μmik4il naiNE +i i4m, na i eN , d1%k i # +i4Km nai4il 4 i8 3m d1%k i #$m 4%p dAL%. i4i NAm i iki4 4i. i zm
4p ik
4NAL%
n
in 'i #', 'i8 m' enνm eldi%G i14Km eNA ki#r. nai4il μRJ#i4 E i8 3m d1%k i #$m dA ain#.
165
innin 1en#il 'i8 m i #Km' (i. i . 365) en# aE4i 'i B \m i%rn =l e 8ni4' en# e 8L 1 akin#r. 5.5. 5.5. i4l μE*
5.5.1 1p in aEp 1p e 8% i%ki1k i\n eL3m μ4Ri4i4 e 8L *p A i =i# . e 8L *p dER=k 43m u i% aina4 iR=m μ8i46rKk=m 43m * iki4 %il p Ai# . il nuNe 8%p 8pe 8L eNA i%kiAm i4 u i3k= u i4 N ai# . i#n u i31n nuNe 8% i%k=m 1p* iki4 n4i$m o8 p e R'iAi# . im i4
iDin n
ki
iki4 L
in
;
i 4i. %
i%k=R=k 43m u iμ#L aΝpe R'L%. 5.5.2 u, u8 e1rL, Em, =#i4BA, eNΝp e 4 i1l μ u iL ip i n L 4%p dAL%. eNΝpe 4 i1l elnai u i4Km i# e1reDinai u i%Km ain#. i#in m, 8k =m, R#m, i4in e 8, nai 4 m i zK +i4 u%6m u8 %6m E %6m ur p Ain#. aAki4 uL 8 i i$' ik J'm μ#4il ain#. =#i4BA + i4 k =#ik 44iR'. eNΝp e 4 iAm * p e 8N4k =#ik=m +=e 4 y ain#. k =#ikKm i#n e 84G
d1Km
i
ip
i n L
4%p dAL%. 5.5.3 na4 - na4i m en# ape 8N rn u iμ# i#G N a1 ape 8L il ur m. in eii, Di JR# an 1l%il 6rK1n i#48% NAin#r.
166
5.5.4 4p i4l ena#iL en# =i ip i n in , i E % a#iμm ey L% . ip i n il i #$m, i8 μm i=i4p 4in' n L%. i #, i8 m en# eldi% i8e 8L 4p yk 4NAL%r. e p 1 nakin 1Re 8N4 an J' on# dAm i%k=4il o 4i E % in 4NAL%r. a zm a4 i i4 e 8Nk J'3k=p 1l3m y i i akp dAL%. im *L 4Km in e%ip A m k J'%, aR#in nud % e%iil u8m Nm eyin#. ne#N i%km 1. an r y, (e.e .), . 10 2. i.xn, ini4 \m, . 3 3. , . 135 4. , . 260 5. .. p i i4n, m n iki4 u iL, . 211 6. RL, i.i.#, * ki μpe 8m u iL, . 35 7. a.. \m nn, iki4k, . 147 8. i%mP r, el. e 8L. u i4l i%km 9. þ i i4r, ip i nm u , . 228 10. . B NE4n, ink i u iL, . 12 11. Lewis. C. Day, The Poetic Image, p. 18, p.23 12. . BiGi, i8 in i%il FnaBikd A, . 77 13. ap l =n, * ki4il =#i4BA, . 19 14. i i i4r, ip i nm u , . 349
167
μEK
0.
'ip
i n il
i'
en#n
ivyA
Lni4l% an i eνm e 8N ip i n il e zm an L% en aEp 1p e 8N4k eNAL% . ivn i4l%i6m N1#i4pe R# +yK μE*L i = e= p dAL%. 0.1 il ii;1 m 2R*k eL4 u14 . a m J'm *%il 'p dAp me 8L o8; an n na 4n en' in ki# . i 4m, im, *8<r m en' ii;1 ey4i4l ai# . iR#il ii4 i# a1$m Di%p ki, i en ain#. ki4i6m i4 iG i#n m e%i4 m +=m. inena#i ; in ED4 ai# . iG i4 %r il n iνk=p e 8m =NA. 0.2 n in ; il ip R'L% y iz arm zi4l naizGiL 4Km ; il ar eN1 {A d1 ur i naiR=m. izp i n %in e=p i4 ip i nm en nl% u14 . i e=p* i#
a1il
ik=
uL%
e 84$m
e%i4$m in ki# . 0.3 n in =#ip iAm k J'3L i4 i=n p Ai# . a1kp , i8ni G 8k=, 4G 8k=, G 8k= +i4R#in aEp 1p e 8%G i ai# . ena#i4in i#p*k=k G i4 a n in 8 in#r. i n L ip e 8N4k eN1Km 1nn eL%NE4 o]R#k J'Km ain#.
168
ki ena#i4il uL% i1r%p p 1 eA G i4in e%i n il ur p e 'in# . iG i$m o8μ# ReL%p 1 NAm. iDi 4n3k ReL%p 1 en n in i$' i#r. + i4r Di4il 1 k en' k=m n in n na 4 + i4 izin#n en'm =#ip iAi#r. 6m i#k 84 + k eN1 i ai# μEi# .
en#
nam ik
arm
i n %il
i a L +#Km LnKm d1pe 'm. a i4i4 +n nai> μm k 8 k . iv % n in aνJi4 l m, i iJi4 rm, rp i4m, p 8 m e μ#p A i#r. +n nai> m, +n rp m, rp m, rp m en# Fn#k =#ikpe 'i# . i8ni p e 8N4 imFn' e 8dL d1p Am. = k=p iE l (r1 nai44y) i il Br μ4Ri i4il eni# . i nr ev%K zn 4iνm i BA R# a%ip . +l kiena#i av#n' ep p 1k =#ip iAm n in +injn4μm an4i μm i nrk= in#i44 eni#r. i i4in aEp 1p N ur ain#. 6m p Km i ain#. ip i nr i8pr, +r r en'm =#ikpe ' ip i n i6m m. i nr ; in u4rGi4k 8i aii8n i naiRNAm en $m nai 4k r %G ey NAm en $m n in i$' in#r.
169
i4in L nanνL + i4 nai;14 i#nG d1pe 'i# . eiνm n in m 1nyG dAm 1l% +ynl nai;14il ar 1 u m. 0.4 i eνm ena#i i#l a8%pe R# . i#n 1n k p G dE4 a83 % eA Ln Fm Brk=G i4il nam ik4 n in 2R A i#r. 6m Di4Km, 4Km i#n naiRin# N*m a l eA kp dAL% . 4m a8%iG i4in 4G Br ykG ey i#k 84p p 1 n in #i$L%r. i4il *8< p i i4y i8L naiR i * eLi# . ik=G B uy G e6 m i#k 84 i8L i% =l ur p dAL% . i4il
i#n
ey
a1k
naizK%
eA p n Fm n in i4il +n {1R#m naiz u'i eyi#r. ir Br 1n i n y naiR=m a1km n R#' , i%p i n in naikR#' oDii BdAp ' a14 Di eyi#r. arGi i rky BA ' e 'G dAi1 %il +zr 1l%in k u μEi# . 0.5 RΝm pe 8N4 u p i m eνm u i6m i# u i%i6m n in e%iK A i#r. uL μ u iL a i4 uN% e%iil ur in#. i i# nai, B B i m, i4in n +i4R# ur in#. na4-na4i m enνm iki4 i6m i# a14 i8m*m Br N ur i$L%r.
170
4p i4l
ena#i%il
n
iin
i4R*
e%ip Ai# . 4 i %k 4NAL% ar m i%k i8m*m kJ#in i4l iRR i i4 o
Ei k% akin#r. 6m i #, i8 m enνm eldi%G i1p e 8%i6m 4NAL%r. iv u iL 4Km *, an G e], i4in n, an e%i +i4R#k R r e%iil u8m Nm eyin#. 0.6
RdE4
μE*%in
ini4il
ivydEl
eNA kp d1 8 L e 8n 4=m. in u4rK, i4in n +i4R#il n in eN1 nam ik$m u'ip A ip i nKm i# i nKm R#m e R# en' 8 %iR= arm 4p R' izi# . 0.7 njr *% eL%iin ur m 4il, 4G i %p *i4 nakil +yR=m i# k J'% +yR=m ivyA aE % a4m.
171
nR dE4l μn nl 1. i i i4r (u .+.), ip i nm, i idEl dfd i%r me i, en, 1995 nlL - iz 1. 2. 3. 4.
aN r4 Si, Prr4 m aGJ1m, en, 1950 ananr4r ( i.+.) =8 m p m, B P<m aGJ1m, i8liki, en, 1913 ap l =n, * ki4il =#i4BA, el e%i4BA, i , 1990 a8m. μ., iz iki4 ' - inm
7.
nR#NA, ni i i44m, i8GiR#m m, m, 1969 aDi4 i r iL (.+.), a#iKL%n a#i4 NE4 μp i NA, i m (e=p*nl), i8kL%m Si r4 )ii, en, 1995 an r y, (e.e ), en *kS, en. 1988 ini r i, iz iki4 %il m, izp
8.
* 4m, en. 1992 i i.μ., i n m, i8 m ip m, i i* m,
5.
6.
9.
m. 1989 -------------------, +r i%k= ami4mL, ip m, i i* m, m. 1989
10.
-----------------, zK, i8 m ip m, i i* m,
11.
m. 1990 i i.E.E.,
+zr
+ i4r
a i
i8 m
i%km,
( ip %r, +NA il) 12. 13.
i%mP r
(u .+.),
elp i4p
e 8%i m,
aNp lkDm, aNnar. 1961 u 4n. . . R#k i + yGi$m i 8 'm, iznaA e] e 8L aG #, iD a e%i4BA, en. 1978
172
14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
ni μi4r. ., uK 8 m, i nai4m, en. 1958 m r, m 4m - N1m (μR m), aNp lkDm, aNnar. 1957 ------, m 4m - $ N1m (μR m), aNp lkDm, aNnar. 1957 i8; i4r Si, i, )u ii E Sd, en. 1997 i8;Si ay4 r. eS., ( i.+.) e niD r, B4 Pri ; , i8Gi. 1978 -------------------, (u .+.) 4Bni B i - i%i, )urm e%i4BA, i8Gi. 1980 -------------------, P< v4k4na L,(i NA L) * Ur ak ( m, i8Gi.(+NA il)
21. 22. 23. 24. 25.
y4 r.+r.,( i.+.) ip p nm, E. r i ay4 r e%i4BA, яяi i S, kd1. 1952 ir4Si. i.en., ;n, i8p k idE4r, i8k=1n. 1996 in μi4r. . ., +zrL Dik= r ', D e%i4BA, en. 1975 in яu6. i., νяr, ip m, en. 1992
31.
1 r, a i4 B m, e l 4 na4r +r j aGkJ1m, en. 1904 ina4r, u.. ( i.+.), p dA Fμm naGirkii4r u $m, izp lkDm, nj¨r. 1986 ina4r, u.. ( i.+), iR'p Fμm D4 u $m, u..ina4r nl nai4m en. 1994 i nr, \4 i%km, i8; m, i8p y #, i8Gi. 1984 -----------------, ki4 i%km, i8; m, i8p y #, i8Gi. 1982 -----------------, B, i8; m, i8p y #, i8Gi. 1989 BiGi. . , i8 in i%il FnaBik d A,
32.
u iD yGi nai'm, en. 1994 p i i4n. .., m n iki4 u iL, ey4mp
26.
27. 28. 29. 30.
173
33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
ip m, k=E. 1989 p* e dE4r.na., μkiena#i, inai4m, en. 1982 ------------------, ar njm, inai4m, en. 1994 ------------------, Gelm, izp lkDm, nj¨r. 1995 \m nn.a.., iki4k, D e%i4BA, en. 1975 NE4i i4r, NE4 m, D e%i4BA, en. 1963 naGirkii4r, (u .+.), i e, izp lkDm, nj¨r. 1984 ------------------, elp i4m - e 8%i m, aNp lkDm, aNnar. 1986 na imn. i.+r. , *m eype 8%i46m, i;Ν ip m, . 1987 naяn, + i4rL m, i i i m, en. 1982
na n. .e. (u .+.), a' ikm, izp lkDm, nj¨r. 1991 iDr (u .+.), i8k=#L, Dm, en. 1956 iDr, i 1l, Br aGkJ1m, en. 1956 #. i.i. , * ki - μpe 8m u iL, i8L
46.
nai4m, en. 1986 np r n1, ir ip m, i i* m, m. 1990
47.
n. .i . ( i.+), ivi4 m i4r *z,
48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54.
nR#ni,
i8 m
e%i4Bd1m, nj¨r. 1993
n.E.en.eS., i m - yK, (4k B i 4 B1m, en. 1993
m S, i, i, B i S, kPr. 1993
яяi, i%k=, i ip m, en. 1978 xn.i, ini4 \m, Di4p i rS, en. 1960 ili* U zr, ili m 8m, . я i4r ip*, S1r i m, en. 1985 i inr, 84m (e.e .), i8; 1m, 4ipPr, en. 1981 B NE4n. ., inkk i u iL, iμ p ip m, en. 1985
174
55. 56.
1ie dE4r. i., n ir m, i8l i8ena#i n#m, * . 1966 n in, S4 4 ) m (i8 =iL)
57.
p r: i.+r. Si ay4 r, nj¨r. 1959 i4i n.e., izp N dA ', i N1m m,
58. 59. 60. 61.
aNp lkDm, aNnar. 1989 eя dn (u .+.)., na4i iv4p i nm, +zrL +yK 4m, en. 1993 νяG i4r, B ;4m, νя i n , nji* m. 1966 я44lяB 4n, B R n 4nL; ) 4 G 1l μki(e.e .), B i S, kPr. 1955 я44lяB 4n ( i.+), B, B i S, kPr. 1999
nlL - + im 1. Aravamudhan.T.N., Varadaraja Panchasat - A Study, Sri Hayagreeva sdsVidhya Peetam, Chennai. 1990 2. Lewis. C. Day, The Poetic Image, Jonathan Cape, London. 1961 3. Raghavadasan, Visishtadvaitam and Vedanta Desika's Sri Nyasa sddDasakam, Sri Vedanta DesikaResearch Centre, Chennai. 1998 4. Satyavrata Singh.A., Vedanta Desika - A Study, The Chowkamba sdfSanskrit Series, Varanasi. 1958. %nji4 L 1. 2. 3. 4.
k %nji4m, e=i - 5, iz %rGikDm, en. 1958 k %nji4m, e=i - 9, iz %rGikDm, en. 1963 zi4R %nji4m, e=i - 8, izp lkDm, nj¨r. 1991 (' ip*) zi4R %nji4m, e=i - 9, izp lkDm, nj¨r. 1988
175
: nain (i4 na
n in 1 nlL in a8%i4 iv4)ukiL S k n L 1. (4k BS m 2. S m 3. i4na) nam 4. imi 5. S i 6. PS i 7. S i 8. n4)m 9. 4m 10. a BiSm 11. na4 nj 12. я nj 13. 4k iS m 14. a;1*я;1m 15. )i;1m 16. r S i 17. iB i 18. aG$m 19. (%BS i 20. n4)im 21. =B 4m 22. <1$S i 23. )urna;1m 24. 81N1m 25. 81 nj 26. 4i я)pi 27. k4 njm 28. n4imi na1 k nm 1. ) l )9r44m
v4 k n L 1.
(S4k n L 1. )mp 4 i i 2. i 3. (S4 i 4. 8 5. (S4 8 6. )nm 7. (S4)nm 8. (S4)ni m 9. na%i 10. na%i p i 4 ) k (m 11. (S4 na%i h84m 12. 4%m 13. a 4p na) m 14. (S4ii 15. anjяi m 16. p nam 17. u ) k (m 18. ) ) k (m 19. μnai(na m 20. ih84m * 21. ) nam 22. m 23. (Sii i( i4m 24. (S4 4) m 25. ) ) m 30. i i( m 31. nai i%m * 32. i8μE41K *
176
n k n L 1. Bm) 2. ) Bm) 3. U<i 4. ai ) %i 5. 6. n44 i i 7. n44)i njяnam 8. μk m 9. nai> > 10. )G i
> 11. nj
> 12. i 4N1nam 13. i1 nai< r4 na%i 14. i11 nai< ) m v4k4na k n L 1. GB ;4m 2. S ;4m 3. 4 4 ;4m 4. Br ) ( < 5. r4n i 6. {S4 nai< ;4m 7. ai rp m * 8. )rr )i i anu;1 k n L 1. naii 2. 4j\ ip i;1ii * - R i1kpe #il
izp i n L 1. ai8 nji 2. ai i m 3. ai8ii 4. m 5. m 6. eyi ni4m 7. a1kp 8. a8 njm 9. i i 10. i8Gin 11. ni8nam 12. i8ni G8k= 13. 4G8k= 14. G8k= 15. Br i m 16. μmik 17. nai 18. n * 19. Dl * 20. am * 21. l * 22. 2l * 23. i n m 24. + nai4m
177
+ i4p m
e) L e,i i, d6
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i, νяr F ( ,r, u"& r, eme) n
178
i, νяr
F ( m
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i) = i,p6 u",k ,r
e z n
, , Nяr
e z n
& O,m L
, , Nяr
& O,m L
i& mi ap Lr
i& mi ap Lr
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F # # in in F # in
F ( m dQm p,h#, S#, S i
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6 m am L
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179
in 43m nm e1r GeR3m a8njeR3m ay - ude 8L aim - i njm, um a i - aki a - B4 , m ai - a 4m aE - m, + m m, , _____i8E aE - r4m aE$ - FeDi, 1eDi a1km - kNE4 e 8L a1 l - rp i l, ii l, 1 l, aE4k=l, eA l a n - n, i, u4rnn a - += ai i - i anm - el, aDiK, a%K an m - i i4m ani - μEK, na m annai4r - N1%r ananm - el4R# a4m - am a4n - i n a4 i m - i m i m a4m - u 4m, i ikp Am ________e 8L a N - p*, u 4m a K - rp m, +i1n a8 - mk=m, Bn a8kn - m i4n a8nai - mk= nai alDk= - o]km, Dk= a= - a%K a l - P am - A, =R#m aDl - aki, m a%i l - di l anr - (mr a n - nn anann - +i1n a m - ep m aνim - in'm aνi l - i l +N1n - ini n +m - B m +m - p i m
+m - ki4 in r a m + - =R#m + - i + m - an*, +l +i - m +4n - n + nl - n i m +ip* - rm, anj\m +i - i $ +Di - 1l, k m +' - u 4m, nai +'l - N A l, Brl, il i4l - o l i8Em - ini i4m i8 - i8 km i8naim - an# Pi i8i - *N4μm, μm il - BA ikm - a14%m ikm - eN ik= - idi4m i= - *, e%i iDil - i]l, i =l, _________{A Al i%mnai - zn nai i# - +L n, na4n, { n i#njl - 1l i#n - i, ene 8n in e - +nk Jd1m {νl - 1 l um - i NA uir - nam udN - \kN u1m - B m ur i - naiK u i - 4i u i l - eA keL%l u m - 4i' un l - Bie4#il, e]p*l u i - m um r - r, nai i4 m iL u4m - i4m u m - m* u m - r* u8 - am, e i u - u m, eGil
180
uni - u4rK Di - i %4m, $m, R m n - B m, im edAi% - edA ik=p r edAFr i - edA u8μ14 ______________in eNN - edA NΝ14 i n ei r - ( ;4 r) _________i νяr em - ki 4 in r a m eμ #r - +%nr 2ni - on#i u'i$14n _________o nai L r - m d r o%inaL - k dm Ai - eE4 8m N - i N *4l - NmPGi r - r r - iL i - u 4m, n, Di, i m Kl - R#ikeL%l m - ini i4m Ei i - a ii i m - ini i4m, J m ii i - a ii i 8m - 1, 84m 8 - 8p i 8i - ini i4m 8i - m i i L - i*81r%in Jd1m l - i, + i i - 8m =1l - B m = i m - aR m =rkm - =$ki =#i - a14%m, m, u 4m, ______ik= m - nj, 1m ' - i $ m %r l - m 11l m - um m - R' m - dAp A G - m 1 = - i m - *Ni4m iA - ) i i4m nena#i - rkm m - i4in r a m i - i 4m N - u 4m, m
n - aνdEp n m - u 4m ii - akii i - m in eR* - a ii i iR#in m - aR m i ena#i - m m - aR m r - r i - ν Dil - i8m*l m i4r - nai i4 m iL mzl - % l ei l - я m eyl - \m - a, u 4m r - e % r i l - NAi l ni m - , u 4m iena#i - i mnaE Di iz# - ivi4p i nm l - =l %m - iz - ki 4 in r __________a m m - p m %m - ik=i1m i4k= - rK i8 - rK im - m njl - anj\m Νk= - 4m - m $'l - u l k= - m nm #i - ' # - u 4m, Di i - r e8L - im e - m nm, e1rGi el - anai na1m - =R#m naNΝi l - r l na - 14m nam - m, m, 4 nainm - nm nai4m - ki 4 in r a m nai - nai;1, 4 m, 4 m, anud1m, u 4m, i4m, u'i, m, rkm, nai i8 l, =m, i m, nai
181
nai#i4r - P \μ14r ena#i - u 4m, Di nari - mk= * i km - 1G i r - rL Ei l - {A 1G eyl El - 1l ii - m im - = m - m i - u 4m i - + m, m, i1m nm - 8 m nm - ii l 4 l - i8dE l 4i6l - iG4m eyl, J'l, {A Al, anu)ni l, aν i l m - m d1 n m - e 'p*, 1 i4r - i ii4r n - u4rnn ii - m i4n, i m iμr - a4k Br m - m m R' - +, u i, u 4m, keL%l, i m -
iG - i m i * m - B m *l - u 4m * m - anai * n - anai *8m ' - n, *8<r m e mi - anj\m e neR* - 8 m - 4m i - ni n, \m, * i 4km - anj\m 4l - anj\m, i, 4km 8L - anj\m # ena#i - rkm # - m, i i4m #μE - #4ni, nm
#4r - niL nνl - i1l, nai e 'l ν - ni m m - e i4 m, i 4m - a m 4 - F i i8i n - u#n enνm m m - i m, a%K μEGi m - ni4m μ i - BA ' p ' μl - m μGi m - i mG i4m Fe] - i m ey - u8m, 4m, B m 4m - a#i4p Am e 8L Kl - rl, R#1l - =R#m, 8 4l - anj\m eDi - n m =p* - ap* 4m - m i l - m a1l, R i l, 2R#l, R'l Di - u 4m, rkm NE - m m - mki, u m i - i4m, i#p* ena#i - rkm r - r, nai i4 m iL i1i - m i4p*,i4n - +G i4m, idm i = - ='k= Di i - ik m iDi - 1dm i%km - Pяnam iGi'n - 81n iDi - rkm BA - dm eL=l - Jl, ed1l eR* - e#i - e#inai - anj\na m - 4m i - 4i im - i m
ip i n il
i
μr eS. m di
ii
Copyright page
iii :
ain
uil L n#i$L%. aR'L i %$m, ii()* %$m + k eN1L. a +Si L. , % p 2Rl ann R'i r314 u % p %k eN1. a naSi L. +Si %i6m u nai1 %$m v4)r a8%i4 p m)9 %$m p eN1 L a m, m, ii;1 m n# L. m, (im, *8<r m i% i%k= 1n > iR= u 4 %$m a#iikin#. aR'L3m νя l p k=k eNAn ii;1 m яi in#i el8m )m) nm naB i > p e 'R= DidE4 uL% . in il n na 4 u4rn m. a a1R= ki$m,
i$m
u 4 L.
aR'L
iki$ il
ki
4 aν;Ep R= NE4 ki 48k=m il. ki 4 p Bi$1n i1i1l n na 4 1i FG 4m NΝl. i el8k=m ) i4 . e ki4 aν;Ek ki4ilrL i4 aν;E > e #en' u nai1μm, nj + 3m J'in#. aR# NA iE ivK 4 νяr u i r. iil 8m L4 % k=RKm i4in a L, a i
i%
p 31n
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i8 1μ14n n i a i n en#l i i4 . n in a8%iG ey el k n %i6m in i<4 nam m. μk4 S k n %i6m ip nm en' D p Am. iz p n %i6m anaG i4 R#i4 ar n nak=1n a8%iGey nam m. ai ) k m eni# p n il ar a8%iGey an ni4e l4il nain# a =m enan μ nu1 i4ni4 y n1$m nni8ni4, nam anii4 an #in#ii .
iv
eni# il a814 n uL% a#i4m. e 'R i4 i1яn p e R#r iip i#n 8nl ip i#i4i4 i4 aνdE BA e #NAm en +zr314Km, Pr + i4r314Km a ip 4m. a nainadAR iν14 a m. J#i4 d A% + yGi ey u=k= a%ip R= i eS.m xi arL a84 "i i n il i" eni# +yA on# 4r ey aR μrp d1 $m e R' an +yA n p m eyR= μnn L% iKm R#R= i4 . innk 1i E n. el $m Ek UNAi#n. iDi6L% i p n %il i8n e=kp d1 +yA i . +ydEn ap*. iin i ena#i% 4p e 8%k eNA a$m in +yK, μnν μEK naB in8m Ln i4l% u14 . 1.) ena#i4il i 2.) n iin zKm k=m 3.) n iin i ena#iL 4.) i4il i#n 5.) p *p dA ena#iL ip n L P $m nan#k R' nan= * in eNA i4R#p d1 innl a#i\rL μl k3m * in eNA 41$m Nm an L% iKm R# k=m. +y%r nl imi i4 i#n +yK nl% i4R#i e 8m*]1n i% NAi#n. i#νm iνm av# a8L * ir en il L4il. en.eS. νя i4r e ^r.
5.04.2006
v
Foreword I deem it a proud privilege the writing of a foreword on the thesis captioned as ‘ Saranagathi in Sri Desika Prabhandas’ written by Dr. Srimathi Champakalakshmi for acquiring doctorate degree in Tamil.(Ph.D) I am glad she chose the topic Saranagathi because there is lot of resource material in Saranagathi in Sri Desika Prabhandhas. Shri Vedanta Desika is the greatest philosopher, poet and logician in the world and has authored more than 120 works in Sanakrit, Tamil and prakrith languages and each work has a connection with Saranagathi in one form or other. Saranagathi is a means for attaining moksha which is also called salvation and this means liberation from the bondage of samasara. Samsara is nothing but imprisonment in the world in which every jiva (soul) is subject to enjoyment on account of his doing virtuous deeds during his previous births and he (jiva) is subject to suffering on account of his committing sins during the previous births. This samsara is right from satyaloka (abode of the four headed Bramha) upto patalaloka. If Saranagathi is done at the lotus feet of the Lord Sriman Narayana after doing purushakara prapatti at the feet of the Goddess Mahalakshmi, Lord Sriman Narayana will certainly grant moksha to the individual. The individual who does Saranagathi crosses this universe which is called prakrithi mandala and then comes to viraja river. This river demarcates Sri Vaikunta divyaloka from the universe. The person who reaches the viraja river sheds his miniature body (sookshma sarira) which he assumed after leaving the mortal body. Then he crosses the viraja river out of his own will and then reaches Sri Vaikunta Divyaloka. There he is received by 500 celestial damsels who garland him, give him garments to wear, who give him ornaments to decorate his body, who apply powder on his body and who also apply anjana (blakish paste) on his eyes. This is called Brahmalankara. From there he is
vi
conducted to Adisesha paryanka (serpent throne) in which the divine couple are seated. He introduces himself as one who is having Bramha (Lord Sriman Narayana) as his atma (soul). Then the divine couple (Goddess Mahalakshmi and Lord Sriman Narayana is also called as Paravasudeva) greet him and take him to do eternal service to them. So without doing Saranagathi also called prapatti at the feet of Lord Sriman Narayana nobody will attain moksha as explained above.
Dr. Srimathi Champakalaksmi has explained this point remarkably well in her thesis. Sri Desika Prabandam, the beautiful tamil hymns composed by Sri Vedanta Desika is only an exhaustive elaboration of Saranagathi which is the topic of the thesis as mentioned above. For example there is one verse in Amrithasvadhini (31st verse) which gives a gist of Saranagathi. This verse is also in the ‘Sarasangraha Rahasya’ written by Sri Vedanta Desika. This verse commences with the words “ninnarulAl gathi yindRi mattRonRillEn”. The author
has
extensively
quorted
certain
passages
from
Sri
Rahasyatrayasara one of the masterpieces of Sri Vedanta Desika to explain her points in Saranagathi as contained in Sri Desika Prabandas. “Adaikalapatthu” is one of the very important desika prabandas exclusively dealing with ‘Saranagathi’.
Dr. Srimathi Champakalakshmi quotes a pasuram from Adaikalapatthu to explain the fact that in Saranagathi there are four nishtas (nishta means remaining steadfast or having deep deep faith in a particular procedure of doing Saranagathi ) Acharyanishta, Uktinishta, Svanishta and Bhagavathanishta. Among the four Acharyanishta apperars to be the best form of doing Saranagathi as the Acharya himself does the Saranagathi at the feet of Lord Sriman Narayana on behalf of the disciple and Sriman Narayana is bound to accept the same and commit himself to grant moksha to the disciple.
vii
I am happy this thesis is getting printed in the form of a book and this book will certainly be useful for the lay people to know the significance of Saranagathi and resort to the same for getting once for all libearated from the bondage of Samsara.
I have immense pleasure in congratulating Dr. Srimathi Champakalakshmi for having made such a simple, beautiful and thought provoking thesis which contains the gist of Desika Prabandam and other works of Sri Vedanta Desika explaining the doctrine of Saranagathi. This book incidentally becomes an effective medium to proclaim to the people the super greatness of Sri Vedanta Desika and the most effective means of Saranagathi he has postulated to the people for their permanent emancipation.
I pray to the divine couple of Srirangam and to Sri Vedanta Desika
to
shower
their
choicest
blessings
on
Dr.
Srimathi
Champakalakshmi, her beloved life partner Dr.Sri T.N.Aravamudhan and their children for their all round welfare and prosperity.
I wish the book is purchased by everyone, gone through and resort to Saranagathi through an Acharya and get permanently liberated. May everybody in this world live in peace and prosperity.
Retired Principal and now joint editor Ananthanarasimhachar
of Sri Kanchi Perarulalan and also
Srirangam
President of Sri Hayagriva Vidhya
24.04.2006
Peetam Trust.
.
viii
ip*
aS = ikm, 8%%n a8L naAm \ ii i8p*d=Di i8; r4 (in Si R'm na im r4 (in +i4rm +i46m N1n #kd1 i (in a8%4i6m 8 i8K8i4 i8L r i4 njip 8%%n i8nak 6m nam S m l' m i 4 eN1R#i 8i# . i i1 m iv4 i n n, ;4m μ Si i n %in nud m ep a i4 e ki< % elrk=m eNA rp n Fm nam (4k B i 4 B1m ; eN1R#i 8i# . in o8 =i4 'ip i n il i' en# nl e%i8i# . n in ; in i%km. i8 eme 8%in N1 y n#i4r. ir a8%i4 l' i n %il iDil anR#in e=p*, ip i nm ep Ai# . i e=p il ; in u4irnaE4 i ev' kp p Ai# en R#i4 innl e]n L% . i , innin +i i4r i e%. m xi, m μr d1 iR= a%i +ydEn nlEm. i n, in ey eNAL, i R#i4 l' i L, e%p4 nai4 n na 4in a8 8, Si iin Si nud m +i4R# eL%iin ur m n i i% =i# . m i 4 urR= i4 8i en'm J#m. i 4 +yK np 1 e%. m xik= aS Si R'm Prr4r%in +i3m, G i4p i4 n na 4in a8L 1>μm i1kp i r iki#m.
iN, (4k B i 4 B1 ir R'm njip 8%%n =]ir
ix
nan#i$
Pr i4r i8 46m eme 8n a8%6m e μr d1 +yi4 'ip i n il i' en nl Em e 'i# . iv%4il, i 8 il #kd1 +N1n i (in SiL +i$ D i$L%r. ar i8E%il en naS %$m nan#i4$m rp i k eLi#n. njip 8%%n +i i4r u..Dr.N.S. νя i4r ar3k=m, i4i i48m (4k B i 4 B1 in 8 u..anna im i4r ar3k=m en nan#i4 u i k=i#n. +yK ey il i84R#in a r lj i μl y i8n e 8k3k=m inna%4 μlr μr Nμ el i ar3k=m en nan#i u i4 . +yKk il en +yG emp A i ena#ip A i4 μr . ; ni S ar3k=m en'm en nan#i u i4 . +yKk i6m, nkm e 8m 8 i6m an*1n ui + K dAm +Si (я 3k=m an* naN rL μr e.iNn, i8. .nain, i8Gi μr e. 4 na 4n +i4rk=m en nan#i4 e ii k eLi#n. nk iR= ui4 aμ i iN1rSk=m en nan#i u i4 . elR#iνm en +y nkm ey4 + K nali4 (4k B i 4 B1 irk=m njip 8%%n =]irk=m en'm nan#i e iikk 1p dA14n.
eS. m di
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-
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xi
e 8%1km i4l
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5. i4il i#n
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6. p *p dA ena#iL
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0.1. 0.1. +yK p* n in +zr Dik= 8L (+ i4p m ) o8r. ir iDi6m 1eDi4i6m iz, 1eDi n ip i % na14i6m i n L E$L%r. irm izp i n L ' i i nm' en' aDkp e 'in#. iR'L pe 'm i ena#i4in μn4k 8i 'ip i n il i' en# p il +yK ReL%pe R# . i n an i i nm p e 8N4, =#ip G i4 e zm e%ip A i# en ivyK = +yin# . 0.2. 0.2. +yK nakm iki4 in Ae 8L l, B m, e1, ki, Fm ep 4 ai# . iDiki4 3m ivp Ae 8L% u14. eiνm ki4in eDi iD eν%il ip 1lL, p i4 L, iR#iki4 L ep kip νlL e 8i. ip νlL m, m μ n 4 %G rn an L%. i i# i4 dAin#iG 4G i %in iDiKm ain#. iR'L * 'na4i iv4p i nm' en# e 8ne=p u14 . inN an νlL ni8 +zr%l 1pe R'L%. +zrL ena#i4il 4k eL%$m $m i%k nrL + i4rL +r (+zr_Dik= r). +zr Dik= 8L _i νяr μn e R#r. ir k eL% ii;1 m
ep A i n en' a8%i i8ki#r. ir
a8%%
n in +r. i
μEy, Di n in
2
+N1r an p e ' i#i nakm en' i$' i uL%r. innakm {1#G i4 i#n Di en' e%iK' i i8ki#r. +N1i1m iP G 1n keG e4il en# i i ena#i4 i$' m Nm irm νlL an L%. u nai< %in u ena#i4k NA kL 4 i4 nai4il ip i nm i4in e%i4 uiR= ur i4 e 84p e R'L% . i4 elR#i6m i#n Di en' n in 1k J#i4i8ki#r. i ena#i4 i# a1$m
Di
en'
i$' i6m
inena#i4in
μn
n4 i%k=i6m ip i nm e 'i1m =#i yl +yin nak=m. n in eR#ik= ive%i4 ena#i4 m en =#i m + 4p e R'L% . 0.3. 0.3. μnyKL n in R#i4 +yK%p in8 p Ain#. 1. A.Satyavrata Singh - Vedanta Desika - A Study, Ph.D. Thesis, hghLucknow University, Lucknow, 1958. 2. T.N.Aravamudhan - Varadaraja Panchasat - A Study M.Phil. nbnDissertation, University of Madras, Chennai 1981 3. T.N.Aravamudhan - Dayasataka - A Study, M.A. Dissertation, mnUniversity of Madras, Chennai 1980. 0.4. 0.4. +yKk%m - +yK F L n iin iz nl%in e=p i4 ip i n il dA +yK ReL%p Ai# . aνL3m i4 i$' m =i% μn4 + 4p Ain#. iv4il n iin en i n L a1 i4 ip i nm μn + k eL%pe R'L% . ; *, n in R#i4
3
+yKL,
nlL,
izL
dA L,
n#
+ % ain#. 0.5. 0.5. +yK aΝ=μ# i ena#i4 a#in r l +yKm (Descriptive) i# nl31n op idA op yKm (Comparative) +yA izi# .
i%kμ# + $ l
0.6. 0.6. 8 L s ki iki4 il *in ki R'm 4keLL i1me 'l u'i. ivDi n iin i n %il in u4rK, i ena#i4in n en μ]4 aA i4 iin 4k eL%
ain#s
en#
8
ivyKk= i4
8 %k eL%p dAL% . 0.7. 0.7. +ydEn ap* iin i ena#i% 4p e 8%k eNA a$m in +yK, μnν , μEK naB p in8m Ln i4l% u14 . 1. 2. 3. 4.
ena#i4il i n iin zKm k=m n iin i ena#iL i4il i#n
5. p *p dA ena#iL 0.7.1. ena#i4il i ena#i en# μi4il m, i# ena#iL, ena#i, nm, ii;1 m, i 4m, i# a1$m DiL, i n, 4n +i4 + yn u kp e 'in#. 0.7.2. n iin zKm k=m en# i N1i4il iin m,
i#4mm,
nR 4iRi,
il#m,
nlL
4
1 l, a8nje4lL, i%kpe 'in#.
ip
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eN
μ#4il
dE4i1pe R'
i4in
e1rGi4 ikpe R'L%. ip dE4l +i i4r, nl, km en# μ#4il an L% . ovr i4in i'i4i6m e= k J#pe R'L% +yK μE*L +ydEn i'i4il e= μEK 4il pe R'L%. 0.8. 0.8. inip* +ydEn inip 1. nR dE4l, 2. + i4p m , 3. n in 1 nlL, 4. n in 43m nm e1r G eR3m a8nj eR3m a1 i4 dE4l +i4 ikpe R'L%. nR dE4l +i i4r e 4r a i4il an L% . +i i4r e 481n nRe 4r, ip m, r, +NA +i4 nai l 1k eAkpe R'L%.
5
ena#i4il i 1.0. ove8 4μm ke o8 ena#i4$m anena#i4 i%k=m i %$m e R'L% . ap i %in Dip *i4 i % uN1ki i#k eL% a'i4iAm. i zm nai'pe R# eL4i4 ii;1 m R#i$m i R#i$m ivi4l + yi# . 6m m, i#ena#i%il ii;d1 in $m an i eL4in n4$m i%k=i# . 1.1. 1.1. m m en 1eDiG el. i s + ms e a$m. in e 8L an n al ai4l* en =m. k%nji4m m R#i J'4il,
s m en# el6k= uNpe 8L en 8 . uNp e 8%ii8n uN1=m i4 %i6m uNp e 8L i4 i naiR l ak i4 %$m m en' aDki#rL.s 1 en' =#ip iAi# . e , uN4in en4 a#i4 i8m*m +yK em. m en eym%in aEp 14il ip i nj in uN nai en en' N1#i4=m. elpe 8d3k=m Fy uL% e a uNp e 8%=m. ..u 4n \m en i nj + yGi en' i$' ik J'i#r. i,
" m enνm el6k= uN en e 8%=m. e \m en uN4 a#iep e 8L Am. uN en R= 'uL% ' a en'm uL% en 8 . nam u1l ud 1 nam Νm e 8dL 4Km en'm uL% al. en' uL% nai4 e 8L e uN1? uN14in a e ? an i4l*L 4? en n#R# + y
6
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F 4i.
ini
r i,
i4in %r nai4,
" 4#3k= ud d1 l' %il in ey$rK rn uLμp r4l μ]e 'i# . i a#iK i# i l o%i e 'i# . in i NAm in %i 84i# .s 3 en nakk . in
aEp 14il
\m
en
i njm
en $m 1n Fpe 8L R#i4 in e=i4 ain# . ey$r%n i nj il μ]4 uri#n. ' 1R# o84k NA8m nai4il a p e 8d%i6m {k Ni#n. n e R# i# aν in aEp 14il
i#Gin%
u8k=i#n.
iGin%il 2R d1 l' rL i#ena#i nain#.
7
ivi#ena#i R'm a#iiil naA% inji4 nai4il BD naAL iz. =#ip p 4 L BD naA%il n#i nae1 =m 4i. 1.2.1. 1.2.1. ini4 k N1 i#ena#iL BD nadA \ il ini4 kN1 in G
e]$m
+3$m
=#ip i1 k.
ini4
L zin 1p i i ip y ain#. i i %A nai' ii1l zi4in o]k ii%$m u8k=in#. iviid= ud d1 o8n e 'm nan%$m
i4n
e 'm
B%$m
i iyp
in#. i 4 zi4l k=1n an * ii8n e1ri# . ini4
i4in
i L
en'
8p Am
%p R#i i.xn,
"ini4 \ μEKL e%i4i1p dE8p e 8m 6m m, u nai1m, +m ep Am ip D4 1eDi nl%i4=m. i% ini4 \ k= +
iki4 L. i4 l ek il +kp d1 en' J# μE4 a%K D4 . L il +kp d1 al en# 8 il aR# ae %r<4m en# ell =#ip iA NA." 4 en r. ip i %in aEp 14il k eL 2R* al 'p* en# d AL e]n. 2R*, 'p* nai%i6m l' k 8 i4l *%y (school of thoughts) ud i iKL e]n. iR# i L en r. \iL dik=p *p d1 8N%
i %il
a1 i$L%.
i i L
'p*, 2R* en' = A ey4p e 'in#.
8
uym, m, e % m +i4 'p*k eL4 u14. i4m, 4m, nai44m, Bm,
r m
eirp
ui L
L
#m
"i #m
u ym m em
a"m i m
iid& "m m
G r*14 + L +i4R#il
! m"
"m i m
i L, J#p d1
" im
m, u nai1 L, i# n%in E
i#k =#ip idA kin#. p i mm, i8l, in, ki,
m i4n,
ini n,
nj
P L
μr
R#ip
i %il dE$ kp dAL%. avk 1K3k= μn 8m nai4il BG 4 L e]in#. BG 4 k1KL nai4k N1 +i r m, m, km, e% m, 4m, e% m en# a'G 4 % μn$14e nai'ir. i μ#4 in, i8l, ki, = n m i4n +i4 1K%
μn$14yk eNA a. iR'L ena#i BzkN1 , i#kd dEn E i% =in# .
9
1.3. 1.3. ; ; ena#i i8z r i4 i8 μ] μR 1K%k eN1 ena#i. 'i;Ν' en# elE4y ';m' en# el e]n . i;Ν 4y u14 ena#i en in e 8L. D4 m n d1 inena#i u4 i4 eL% u14 . iv in i#p G 4v i ,
'm en in#4 . 1n m a n 4 ur i 8in# . 4in 4# Fm, a i4l ep R#k 1n naiRin# ' 5 en' =#ip iAin#r. p i %il p A iz eDi iki4 %i6m + = i8p R#i4 =#ip*L p Ain#. elp i4m μlnai ey k =#ik4il, '4n 4 A# uμms (el. e 8L.5)
en' J'in# . '4n 4 ne 8nji#p iR i]p*zp Pnai' en# aEL elp i4m (el. e 8L.60) nn i#p i861n op k J'm P nai en' =#ikin# . i8μ8R'p 1,
m* 1p *1k=m l ik eAnji# *L%i naBLeEG eln (μ8=.150-151) en'm e 8m R'p 1,
n%nj im iR %i' En =m m p L%i 4rnn
(e 8m. 372-373)
en'm i8l R#ip in#. i e i8l i8 enanjil eN14,
e 8μ N m d1 e m* *znai (i . 104.9-10) i8' r n R #i#l n#
10
aE%i6m um Fn'm a%n, '\Fn#E 4 μln' en'm (i 124-1) =#ip iAi# . 6m i8l
en#
Di d1 i$m Di$m eyr en ,
Eiz p 4i4 Ae i4R K m (i 105.71-72) en# aEL i%k=in#. i8l Di d1p iR'p il,
=n' n =uk1l uA Ne] \ nr =k n a'm Pn i nal' nan e48 e]n oip eL34r Ei e#i$nar le uNp nj\im i # Ni N e ir i8e\r a Ne 8 ii ik z= l Dy ( iR. 4.1-9) a R eln Ep i en' =#ip i1k m. iki4 %il i8in e 4rL, a G i#p* +i4 + =G d1pe R'L%. k=p i#= aB L ep Am m, e % m +i4 elk=p e R#. i 1% B#i ena#i i. i. +#m nR#NEl elk=p e R# . μzr Fr e1 ip ni8 +zrL i8in l' =ν %p 1l%il a p Ep ir. ip 1l%in e=p 'na4i iv4p i nm' +=m. +zr 1l% e= e 8 naμi44 8m. ir nai44 m μ nl%$m e]ir.
11
naμi4
e1rn
i νяr,
J zr,
nam iL%, aDi4 %B4r, n in, 1k= i8Bip iL%, iL% ui i4r, aDi4 e 8L na4ir, % μiL +i4 i#4E4rL n#i ena#i4 nl%6m i n u %6m eDikG eyr. e1rn n + i4 m 4i8m ena#i4in i14# %rGik=m 6k=m y ain#r. 1.4. 1.4. nm i# BG 4 %p n# μm m, u nai1 L, + %in Di4il n eL% nai'Ki# . ikeL *i44iνm Fm ip D yn . inena#i 8ki4l, u%i4l aΝ=μ#%in Fm an BG 4 in * 8 em. iin +nB 1 {A ey4 l . 6m up e 4 i n %$m u14 . 6 m i 3k=m eNE8n
nm u nai1 3k=m n ey u %4=m. iR#iR=p i#r
8 k%il
i8n
' d1
i νяr
ii;d1 ena#i4in d 1 nai'ir. i νя8k=
μn
ivn in
μnE%
1 r, i i1G i4r, naμi, 4μr +i4r iznr. ir%in n m i u L, ivi4 i n u L, n ey e%i4id1 nlL i νя in ;4 iR= F % ain#.
+i4
1.4.1. 1.4.1. i νяr + i4p m 4il μi i 4m en# Dk' on' uNA. iR= a8neN1R#i4 nai4il naμi, +%nr, i νяr enνm Fr R#i4 el Dk i ai# . ir3L i νяr 4 iR=m n iR=m +R#i4
eNA
a%p i4 .
i8pe 8m*U il
i. i.1017il
a i ir +i1n a yk 8pe 'i#r. 4p
12
i i1 p 1 d4il , u nai1 ki4 L R#iR= +i i4r e 8n u J'#in i8 ir. in e i4 nam i, i8kdEr nam i, i8 nam i +i4 i1m ni e 8L nud m, id m +i4R# eL%iin urnr. k= μnE4 izn +%n in i p 1p*% m 1p*3k= i4 μn nl% eN1r. i8;i ay4 r, +%nr a8%i4 + i i, mi i i, { i i +i4 ;4m 4i6m B8 i m Bk= u e] 4i6m +p i i4m nj i i i i%k=4i6m u14 i4 i νяrk=p 4n n en' =#ip iAin#r. 7 iv4il μnl%in a8 8 k%$m +zn nud $m nuNiin urn ii;d1 i νяr uiR=p 4n8m 4il e%i4id18%ir. irm a8neN1l m eDi . a8de4l%p * in i νяrk= 4i r, u14r, eme 8r, ;4 r μ i#p*p e 4r3m pe 'in#. i#e ]i4 i mm i
u %iin' ' dAp ' me 8L na 4n o8' en' a'i4idA u kin#r. μRJ#i4 nl%4n#ik i4i 4m, nai i4i nm +i4 nl%$m i νяr a8%ir. i44n#i e] nan= imi i%p
nae1 =m
nai4i r.
iv8nj
e4l%l nm ii;d1 y i νя im en# e 4 il km e R# . 1.4.2. ii;1 m a m en 'i N1l ' en# e 8314 , a Fpe 8L i N1n'; on# en =m. a k d d1 a8%i4 +i 8m ii;d1 a8%i4 i νя8m ipe 8% eLin#r. eiνm i i%k=m nai4il a eL i8J'%y ain# .
13
+i r i. i. ed1m nR#NEr. i mm i m, u nai1m, B μi4R#iR= u e4]i4r. ir m eLp E i njm 1n Fpe 8L on'L% . i mm; a n, a uN4 . R# um, u4irL 4Km uN4 +. 44l uNp l R#%ip . i u4ir3k=L3m ani8k=m. aN1m nai#n p Am e%i i'i' Ap*%in i14i6m a l B k%in uL3m i =i# . u4irL 4Km o i in R#m, um, u4irL '; i#n ' en J1 . i νяr +i rk=p iR r. ir +i r n# i njm 1n Fpe 8% 2Rin#r. n na 4n o8 uN4n, en'm uL%n eni#r. +l +i r J' l um, u4irL e y en i νяr 2Ril. i#p u4ir3m uN, u=m uN, i#n elR#iR=m aEp 14n an u4ir n#n, u= μ 4Km me 8%in u1l n#.
"u4i i# u1ki i# avK16k= i4 u4i k=in#r. i νяr i#νk=m u4i8k=m uL% in B B i m nm i νя eL%i =#ip i1 k i μki4r am=m. a 4m iG1 u$m i# i8i4 ar eLi#r. ..... i νяr eLp E i4R i#νL a1 =m. +l i#n i4R$L a1 n." 8 en' i νя in i n , i.xn ur in#r.
14
nki4 u nai< il ' i' en# i%k=m o8 ki4m p Ai# . on# me 8% R#in aEp 14Km FKm uL% en# 8 il μni4 'naB a i8ki#y' en# e 8L 1 im ki4m ai# . i νя in ii;1 il ' ' en 1K%k =#ik=m. ' m ' en , u4irL, 1m ( i i8i) +i4R# u1k eN1 u4i 1KL ep e 8L Am. 1KL on#; ar anr4i4 uL%$i8ki#r; e%i4i6i8ki#r en i ν i n in E im ki4 in e 8%=m. 9 iv4il i νr J'm a il u=NA, u4ir3NA,
iR#in
F
m
i#4n#i
inen'
2 il. i a m en# el6k= i νяr eN1 i%k=m. u=m u4ir3m i my i]m i#νk= i4 i< = L. i mm aR#k eN1 i;4m. i4i NAm n ii;1 i νяr dAm me 8L. ii;1y i]m me 8%n#i ' on' i N1y a4il en# 8 in aEp 14il ii;1 m e]n . a ii8n
ii;1 m
iv'
' 1k m an nk d 14=m. a i#n on' dA uN en# o8 nai4k 1n i#n, u=, u4irL en 4Km uN en# n nai4=m. iGin i νяrk= 2R d1 * Di4y n lk d dEn o8 ip =m. i ini r i,
si νя l R'ikp d1 ii;1 m enνm 4 k d A u nai1l l' in%in on#in d 1=m. u nai1 L J'm o8k d dER=m, 'p*k eL4ir J'm d dER=m i14i μ N, i;Ν, na 4n n i8;n en' e1rn 8m in%l
15
u nai1 %il J#p d1 i#ν1n iK d1p dA i%kp d1 . 'ni%in i84R# d A, nj i ena#i4il J#i4 o8 1KL d A, B J'm 1KL d A, +zrL J'm i i1 *k d A +i4 a $m uL%1ki ii;1 m u8 ." 10 en' i%k=i#r. il ; nm, en *%in aEp 14il μ#4 8 k% n4kik eN1 *=m. 1.4.2.1. 1.4.2.1. ii;1 ii;1 in 1 in i#p i4l*L \m 4 a#iK i NER=m uL% i1e%i4 ii;1 m iG i#p*1n nai p*i# . i njm en +y4il p i m i8;Er ; ap i m, na 4n o84n#i e#8r +r, en' e%iK' m k%nji4m siid1 m uN4in N a#iR μ4Ri4=m. n m i il m a m R#ik J#p dAL%R#k 1 μ#4k 4NA μ N d1 naBk=m n4μ# e# =m p 1 i#p*14=m. an i i ini m enνm eL B , B i =m. iid1 m B m en R=G i#n e 8L J'i# . R# i iL B m 1 en'm al aDi$m n$14 en'm J'r. +l i νяr B m en < μ14 a iG 4G$14 en' J'i#r."
11
e ii;1 nud p dE4idA kin# . ii;1 in nakm i# eNA on#. 6m i#n a%i in, u1l +i4 i#n eNER= e op 1 k eL%p 1 NE4. i 4 i#G in Bin =#$L% \ p ki i# μ] m u
k=m.
16
i#i1m i14# R' an i8 % ie4n' 1l +ni d1 iR= i4 i14=m en' i$' i# . +ni 16k= +d Am aE4rL F
naiL μn u14 +. uN4 ki on# μn$14 . i 4 u4 i4 nak=%l ii;1 m l i8m i 2R'keL%p e 'in# . nae1 =m eDi p n i% =in# . in i n naiL Fn#=m. a 8'. ii(& "m
m
im
i
ai
*S,n
3 m
ii,
m
42i m
RJ#i4R'L
m
) rm
ki
r m
en
, i (a) i,i
1 2 m ki m
i# n,
a %in nai, Fpe 8L R#ik =#ip iA . im en i# aΝ=m ena#i%G dA . *8<r m en +n {1R#m; a i# nad1 l uN1 4i4 BAp R#k =#ip iA=m. iR#in i%k iik m. 1.5. 1.5. i 4m a 1n ii;1 m ' Am nai4il u= uN; u4irL uN en' i νяr i$' m eL μnν kp d1 . avDi i#n av i N1νL3m anr4i4y, +nKk=L +ny izi#n. imFn' e 8d%in e1r $m uN nai4$m J'm a#il a m ep Am. i 4m en# nai4il d1p Am
17
1. i 2. ai 3. { n +i4 Fn' e 8d%in i4l*L u kp Ain#. i en a#iKL% en'm ai a#iR# en'm e 8L u14. { n +iFi4 me 8L. Bnin nai, up e 8d%in = L, i#4i4l* +i4 μ#4 {NAk =#ip i1pe 'in#. 1.5.1. 1.5.1. i \ iR= i1 +n i en'm n en'm =#ikp Ai# . i uNpe 8%=m. namzr i
'il u4i il uril nain# on'' (na. 375) en r. a#iK4 naiR=m +n, 8P\m ep Am a#iKk=m i8p i1 . ivn, i#n i4i8k=m u1=m. u4ir i#=m. ivK1l-u4ir i4*, B - B i m +=m. e i4zr m u4ir i#νk= i8p i14iR' en , aR#m u kin#n inm +ziL uk= i r R#il Nr na1in NA an' dEm p
(na. 449)
en# aE%il =#ip iAin#r. ar i#νk= m u4ir i8p i1l
+ziL
mp
R#
en'
e%ip A in#r. i ep Am +nin Jd1 il i% =m BnkL r, μ r, nai i4r ep A r. r en r ui4il i1rp dA uDl r. μ r PKil =8in k 1l ki al i i4l BA ' a1r. nai i4r en r i#p n# i e=i4l p 1 i#R eNA ey$m ann, 81n, n μi4 nai i4 m iL +r.
18
1.5.2. 1.5.2. ai ai en a#iR# ; am en'm D pe 'm. in p e ' n n +n. ai o8 nai4ii8n ine8
nai4
'm
n$14 .
n
a iR= \nai 2 il. i , 1. G m 2. iGi m 3. G mi4m enνm Fn' i iK%il a1 =m. 1.5.2.1. 1.5.2.1. G m m, i яm, m en R#il i#R#in =m m dA nai#l =m. +=l aDil il ; nai4 ; nai i4r μ r { n +i4r \ l u N1 o%iidA i]m. 12 1.5.2.2. 1.5.2.2. iGi m iGi m en μRJ#i4 m μ Fn' = % u14 Fp i i8i +=m. \ k= ei i14l ai en'm 4 en'm =#ikpe 'm. Fn' = L u14l i i=m en'm =#ip i1pe 'm. ik= L LmP naid= + y ak k%nji4m,
i i8i4i1m m, i яm, m e Fn' e 8dL u%. a epe ] m 'm n4 . #ikeN1 i8p . a o8 km i яm, m +i4R#iR=m m ai i n$1n JEp * i a m m e #iL +i4R#iR=m Re#8 km m i яm +i4R#iR=m m ai i n$1n JE +m $, яS, ap* i8ii enνm mk= P 3k=m aR#in U E d=m F =m. 13 en' i%k=m.
19
iGi in ' Am n i i8i4il a1 =m. ' dA naiR ii8i4=m. Br m u1l i i8i, a m, LmP L iR#l + . rni i4 d=m \ni i4 d=m i8p i1 . 1.5.2.3. 1.5.2.3. G mi4m m μ = L 2 m R'l il nai G
mi4m
' 1R#
+=m.
n
i zm
naiR=m
i]m
=m.
m
en#
=i,
in
nai4 iR=k
dAp dA i#n +p E, ui4l i46in# . i#p*, naizK, eirK μi4 μk nL in N a1 =m. il iR= i#p* μ nL il. a = nai i4 n on# uNA. ikm i#ν14 1 l μ eDild= r a y i% =m. ai iνL μRJ#i4 Fn#4n#i 8P \μm a1 =m. a rk=m a y izl i il a1ki$ k k . in 8P \ in J'% in m, n m, i8p*, e'p* +i4 eL%p Ain#. in inj\m ank %l i46m. 1.5.3. 1.5.3. { n { n μRJ#i4 i ai d= u4i y i8p n. l4m, e%Bl4m, i m, e%p i4m μ l4 = d= i8p i1n; aN1 = L enp Am L i4m, m, B i4m, \m $, ki μ u i4n; e i1 L ep Am i4 m, \ m, an m, +n m, a m +i4Km eN1n. uin i8;E na4n, enj\n'm nai i8p n.
20
i i8 4zr,
B' nai eA e iiA naBre] im* a+y ' ieA u#keA i#k (na. 1438) a +4 e 8n. en' i#in i%k=in#r. i#k
m,
i1m,
eNA
4#p A
i4 . ai in u4i y i8p iνm an i < L R#n. elR#i6m m A14 p i4i u14n. i#in iv4 % u8, e %i4 u14 ; aD= en n y i%ir ; y iz ; aNErk= a8L D =m n4 ; ark=m p y i% = . iv4 + %6m, +$ %6m a ikpe R# m +m. i#n i8i4in naiL Ln=m. a m, im, i m, anr4i, a8G en m. aR'L m en il i8kJd1 81n an Eyk eN1$m =m. im en ui4l naizKd= i4 1p*, p*, aDip*, a8L μi4R#G ey$m E eN1 E %=m. ivEm nanKm aii8n i% im i NE N1Km an e m ni8 i E L d1pe 'in#.
ivi
Em
Br%in
a %il
nai '14 . e ; ir m u1inN ni8 i1 %il i8na L iAr. i m en a nai4=m. +, μki4 a m en#i N1y i =#ikpe 'm. i 4r, n n#Km i n, Nn n#Km μ#4 ivEil a1 =m.
21
anr4i en el8k=L3m u4i y +nin i%ky a 4 =EeL3m nai4=m. a8G en aE4r evEil Di Ain# avE4 m u8yk eL%l; i8k4il%il nain'm i8n m i1n m di 8m L iv4il a1 =. e y4zr a8G il i#n nai4,
8n evK8m avK8m 8n ep r R#p r - 8n evNm ini i4 i8p
avNm +Di4n +m
(na. 2125)
en' =#ip idA =in#r. e i4 i dE4r i8L { in r a =m. i8l n# i8L e =m n naiR L. ivi88m uin y n4 y izin#r. i# a14
i8L
Di4Km,
a8L
8il
i4Km
8p Ain#L. i i4k keL3m i8%in Di4 1l NAm. i =#i i i i4r =#ik4il,
s i i4 aν;Ek=m μil i dE4p *8< k eNA i i4G ey avi8 $m 14 NAm. *8< n l ena8 =R=p i8m*l u 4 ikp d1 Re#8 ns. 14 eni#r. NG m 8$L% ,
N1 i
iL
i8%in
Lel μm i#pe E#p il μm i LR #i4Kmnan= + 4il #il ede1] l nai %iJr e 8n enanjin inai8r ml 3m ey$m e 8ni 4ri8k N8%. (i8L. 31) en' i4kin#r.
22
ivim
i86k=
aA
pe ' r
i8L. i nm i84A $ Di4k eL3m. iv' A eN1 ii;1 m ;m en'm m ;m en'm R#p Ain#. 15 1.6. 1.6. im im en i# a1$m Di4=m. m e i]m i8in a8Le 'l 4 zm en ip =i$L i%kpe 'm. i#ni#n n*'R= i4 ziin' iA e # uKm i8l a8L e 'm Di% i8nai%il i%km. 1. ki ena#i 2. i i ena#i al i ena#i i i4 i d1pe #iνm on#e4n' rn naiR . ki u14νk= a nai##p i i . i i rnνk= o8 nai4il ki in#i44 +in# . 1.6.1. 1.6.1. ki ena#i ki eν an in e]; i#n l eN1 n*; i# iN nam*l. ki4 i#n l o8 uy i1 l . na.p*e dE4r,
ki4i ReN1r kr - r ep A r. r eiνm i r eiνm on#4=m. uil na4l eL3m i m 8%l eL3m i m n m 8. a8%l eL3m i a%i in m 8 . . . . . . . aE4rL mp i n en'm 4n en'm 16 J#ikeLl i 6m e%i4m. en' ki4in +D nai4 ur in#r.
23
ip iena#i
edA
a %$m
Fn'
nai%$m
u14 . inena#i elR#i6m i#in an*k= i4 e 8L en'
nk8i
i#
i14#
inik=m
u4r
ena#i4=m. 1.6.1.1. 1.6.1.1. edA a L %rGi E%k =#ik=m ki4in edA a L R#i n in
enai4 %i4i *1kn #i$n 1 4# naie]knj μ14 inan ip rk ik=m (i. i. 254) a re] a ii i 4m*4 % μ en' J'r. iv L 1. i4m (em) - B4 keL% 2. nai4m - o]k$m i# nam ik$1νm na1 l 3. +m - +p 4iRi 4. i 4m - *n% o8μp A l 5. i i4 m - *1km 6. - i# E il i l 7. i4m - i1i1 i#G ini l 8. i - i#4ν il i% l ep = A ey4p Ain#. iv L *n% Uy ey i#n l r eyin#. i Uynai i6m
u1i6m
2R Am
i#
url
e%iin# . iR# Gr* i %il on# 4m i ip in# . 4m J'm iv %p R#ik =#ip iA4il i.xn,
24
in' nam ey4μE4 i e4l%G ir ni %6m ni %6m ey dAin#r. a4l 4m. FG a1k= , Fk= nui4 nakikeNA e%i4y udrni8p +i4$m 4l. i i 2R dA nan, e en# naiK a# oDi 4=m. iGi i4in e 8dAp Ep E4 aνdEkNE4 edA ii%4 4 ir = r. uL% Uyp A NEn μil u1k dAp A NAm. i l4i m +NA3k= μn zn ini4 \iL N1 8N. 17 eni#r. iv % ;μm μm keNAL%. eiνm
k= i4
ena#i%il
i%k 31n
i#4i4l
nakil i%ki ain#. iR#in aEp 14il kiena#i, r4m, \4m, ki4m en# nai%k eLi# . imFn'm Ep E4 %rnaiL.
iR#in
i'i4il
ki,
\m,
ki
+i4 ain#. imFn#$m ki4 in J'%Km d1m. 1.6.1.2. ki ena#i4in Fn' naiL ki ena#i 4m epe 'm. 4 i#4n#i ' i<4 %il m Di8k a$m Di4=m ( .B 8.8). ki ena#i, 1. r4m 2. \4m 3. ki4m e a$m. imFn' nai3m on#in %rμy Re#n' iz.
25
1.6.1.2.1. 1.6.1.2.1. r4m r4m i#nr nakm 8ip * i$m e4l A 84m ep Ai# . elR#i6m u4 i4nakm i# a14=m.
e
i#nad1 1n
* i$m
e4lL
i# a1R= i4 Di4k eL%p e 'in#. +l i# nad1en# nak al NAm. i zm i ipe 8 eL%m en# NAm naiL 4m ep 1. 8 4 1n R'keNE n. i 4
{A d1n
4m
an
nai;i4
4n R#iG
44=m.
i#i m
Bi4
84i k= u ie4n' 8iG ey$m i4 dA 8 n. al 8m eR#i li%p e 8d A l yG e4R'n. inG k = 4m en# =ik= i4 . 6m n ey$m e4l en# eNm idA a8%4 ik8 L ey4p Ain# en# in$m n# NAm. inr 84G i#p k J'4il, senk i4 L nam 1K% nakiG e6 in# ae%lm 1L. enk i4 L nam ik BDnaik= i] G 18 elin# ae%lm 1L als. eni#r. e y4zr
i#G
e4l%il
{A Am
nai4ik
BzkΝm nai4il i%k=i#r.
e] reNA U m 2ni e] m, e]Di enanj - ]in#i ni L R Km, E4 e]n (na. 2139) an m on#il a1
26
e]r i1eLr {n D 4 ] nain l e]r
(na. 2107)
naE6m nainE4 naAn naLe'm E6m nain*D An, mD6m e nDi 2nin e nE4 mAR= (na. 2169) enil en ek= i#p i* in nai4il 'enil en ek=' en' i8 l nai;i4 4 in R Am. 1.6.1.2.2. 1.6.1.2.2. \4m r4m μR E4=m.
i#n
\4m,
l
R'
R#yp
k R#i4
UNAm
i#G
ini 4=m. μl nai4i4 \4 keNAi1μE4 . 84 il nai;i4 nai41n in 1K%in iPr u μE$m; avKrK on#i4 nai4il i#n R#i4 in4k eNA i4i l \4=m. i νяr B ;4 il (2.53) i %l uN1=m +n \ 1n JE4 r4m 'Si i j\' ep Am \nai;14 uN1k=i# . an \nai;1, 4m en# nai4 R'ik=m eni#r. \4 in i% + ν m e%ii# . np n# i# + k%$m k N1l K1n ena8 i4 nai4 ey in#n. in + \i i#n eN1 e i ek 8i naiR n. n u4ir +N1in u1l en# eL$1n < m u1ν#n i* i4k 8 n. B ( .B 6.29) \4m pe R# nai4il 4 μ#4l N d1n a $m k N n, n u4ir el u4ir%i6m i8p Km el u4ir3m n u4i il i8p Km N n en' dAi# .
27
namzr m i8y eDi4il i#n e =m nai#n u4ir3k=L n naiR=m n4,
nn $L naBre'm n %n naN1m i e naimim e Di#k nil i1ne'm i1miz e 8Le'm (na. 2908) n e =m n %n iuN1 i$m a$m u$m i8m, a8m, u8m e$m e8m nνL% +i$m, +ki$m, k=m a$L iμl emn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (na. 2987) enν1 mDl uL% en# 1l%il =#ip iAi#r. P zr,
\ l nan=rn na n n na L l R'an r R#il aia r +k=ik=m
(na. 2184)
en' =#ip iAin#r. i ν nR#ni$m,
\m in nameNA naLe'm na rk= m eAp n
(na. 2856)
en' =#ip i1k m. 1.6.1.2.3. 1.6.1.2.3. ki 4m r 4 νm \4 νm i%$m + im ki 4 iR= μR E +=m. ki 4m en i#i1m eL3m +zn ki4in e%ip 1. i# naiL + aν m e # UNA. avν m i#k dik= n {A A m. \4 il =#ip i1p e 'm i4m ki 4 i6m uNA. nνL ni8k=m - an eype 8% nan=rn i4ikNAm. an μnk=p
28
i i4 naiRl . i ki, \m, ki en' Fn#yG d1pe '. B, ' eNin#i i14#l ep m
i#
4r
i4iki#r%
an
nai n 4ik= i# e%iil a14 μE$m en' ki eL% NE4 μ#4$m 4$m =#ip iAi# . ( .B 8.14). i14# ki4in n4G i nr,
s4e 8r n =m ey i1 p n* eNE8kin# aνk i14# m NΝ i4i# . an +zn naip 6m eNΝ6m, ν14 an* m i4 a83k= an i i#n. in* a1 m aνk= e%ii# . ip E i# i14# m eyin# e46k= ki en' e 4r. ivi il u14r i νяG i4r...............a a яinj\) en'm i m m i iR= i4k4m eyi8ki#rLs. 19 en' =#ip idA ki#r. +zr%in p Ain# .
ki4il
+N1L
in
elp
i14#
i#i%i6m
m
i#νk
+d 1 i8m i,
e R#my NΝm = il i#n naB =R#l e %k eL%R ................................................................................. eR#k=m 2Dz i#ik=m un#nA uR# 4m uknam +deym R#nam L R#r em y
(na. 502)
eni#r. i14# ki e6 NAm en# ar m d *=m. ip ki4 in udJ'%p ki, \m, ki +i4 ain#. eme 8A n izKm i in 48m eL3m nai ki. eme 8ν14
29
im \m. avν m a64il 8ni4i8 l ki en' a#i\r i%k=r. imFn'm ki 4 il na8m i#4ν ik eNA ain#. imFn' 4 3m Ep E4 %rnaiL. iR#il i#
{A dA
i1rp 1y
u i
ain# .
8l
a i4rk
en
i=n
J1
l .
+l ivi1r na *8<r k ke%p i i a8%p e 'in# . 1.6.2. 1.6.2. i i ena#i i#4n#i ' Di4il zin {1R#m il e iN nam i i#in i8E%il a1km *= i
ena#i
+=m.
i
rp m,
nai4m,
u 4ν;1m, i i en' ' =#ip i1p e 'in# . m (caran) en i8E%k =#ik=m. i8EL an#i ' i il en# e 8%il N (saran) a1l i en# e 4r e R' ai# . en = zr '8 4 m 14l un N all il' (na. 688) enin#r.
{A dA
i#νk=n
rp m
en
ui4l
in iR=
anji
naR i4 %il
i#i1
elp
e 'p $m op 1 - rp i zl en# m R#ik =#ip i1p e 'i# . i#n i8E%il m$m m e 'p*%$m op 1k=m n4il 8i8 , nai4m en =#iki# . u 4ν;1m
i N1m
Di
n
en#
1n
en'
e 8L
8m.
μRJ#i4 ki 4 % an#i 4y an Di, 1p iEkNE4 Di en# =#ip il u 4ν;1m ep Ain# .
30
i i ena#i en i#p* Di en# e 8L 8m. i i#p*, -a1l. μRJ#i4 u 4 % a14Km 1p iEkKm μE4 e%i4rd= i#4 a8%p d1 ena#i4p i i i% =i# . 'i#p* Di en i# u 4 L J'm u %il Di o] i4r 8m m +N1i1m op 1 an#i ' i4il e an i8 % a1 i i ena#i ep Ai# '. en Ne 8n B4il, ' 4r en ep E Di Ain# ark= nan ap E4 a8L * iin#n. r ! kL 4NAm en Di44 in R'in#r' ( .B 4.11) en' n. inena#i R#ik =#ip iA4il, ' ki en an i o8 2i n# . a Pik=m, 1K%in i8p i1 iR=m o8 e1r 2R A i# . a iKm E . ena8p i R#in n 4i il dE4 m n# ki rkm. +4il a#i44il Fzik i1kin# +n μki414 ki rkm iKm e%in'. i L i en# e%i4 rk el +nk3m 1p iE e%iil μki414k J'in#.' 20 e zi4R %nji4m i%k=m. ki ey4 μE4r kik= i u 4p i i4k eLr. ki Fn' nai%il d1p Am n i i$m % u14 . +n i iR=p i4 ik 1n in R# NAm. r4m μ eNA im {1#NAm. i# e]l on# a#in i4 rd= ivK ena#iL 4r 8. i Di%, 1 i4n μ#% a#i4 2D i#ena#i4il m {A A ikeN1l ak 1 R' i#in e 'p iiAin# .
en
Nn
B4il,
s
eli ui4l 8 %$m #n enG 1l on#4 eN1l an %p ki dm nal=ns enin#n. ( .B 18.66) .
31
i# a14i8m*m n μμd ep An. μμd en d il {A A dA n en# e 8L 8m. i i4k keN1il i nn ep An. 1.6.2.1. 1.6.2.1. i4 naAr n i# ena#i%il ell i i4 naE8m i nn nai en R#i iik m. ki ena#i4il J#p d1 r4m μR#G ey4 i#R#i8k NAm. i %in ude 8L u nai eNE8 l, ki ena#id= n nai4i eNi 8n l, μki4p e 'il 2R Am e ' k eL% i#p R' +i4 %il on#νm al νm eN1 o8n i nn en# naik= =i4in#n. i44n#i en =i$ill i#G 14 NAm en# +l eN1rk=m i i ena#i 4i# . 1.6.2.2. 1.6.2.2. i4in e 8 i4in eRe# u m.
u4rp
kiena#i$1n
op i1l
Fm
r4m μ ena#id= , i a#iK p Am. 6m aG i %il ii L% a k 1%$m eyi1l NAm. i a1$m i nνk= i#νk=m Br3k=m uL% e1r a#i m. i# 1L μn$14. ki ena#i Krk= an i#i 1L i4il il. 6m kiena#i4in r4m, \4m +i4 p e R# in +n im i1k=m. a ki ena#i4il u4rG rk=m. +l i av#n'. i 4 ' En#i a k3m i i4k eN11m. a e#n#$m F NAil. ki4in n4il \μm ki$m l .
32
ki ena#i r%l yk a i . i i4 μ]nam ik u14 ark=m e%i4 . ki ena#i rnn n μnip 4n eAm k i8k NAm. a ip 4n3m aν ik NE$m na8m. i i i#G 1n nai4i4 in#ip n l . u1idA +i i in nai4i4 eNE8k=m. P<m,
i ik= nai4μm nai4μm i nai4μm ai i nai4μm nai4μm il
dm
k
(.P<. 24)
en' =#ip iA ik8 iR= a N ey$m. ki ena#i4il i#4E4n n e1rn {A A i aR= i4 1%G i G eyl NAm. edA u'p n ad1 4m in#i44 . i4il o8n o8μ# μ]$1n n i#i1m op 1 k eN1l, m. i# 1 =L 4il. ki ena#i4il BNAm BNAm i#k=m E μn ip 4n UNAm. 1nn, ki4i n' μn ip 4 aν ik e#8 i#i eAk 4il. BNAm BNAm i# ν i4 i%p n. 1.6.2.3. 1.6.2.3. i naiL i +' naiL eN1 . innaiL i a1in u'i4 nam ik4 e%ip A . a 1. i#νk= en'm aνJy i8k=m u'i 2. i#νk= u e4l%il {A 1i8 l 3. r u 4m al ki il n e%i4p i nn url 4. e 8i1m μ]4 nam ik 5. i#i1m iAm E 8m nai 6. n i#n i8E%il op 1 k eL%l
33
en m.
i'inai4il
i
naiL ik= i4 EL i en# eL%m.
a1n6m
en#
μnn
nai4il
aR#$m
1.6.2.4. 1.6.2.4. i L i4k keL3m i nan= p Am. 1. 2. 3. 4.
μ#4in
aEp 14il
nai;1 u inai;1 + i4nai;1 nai;1
nai;1 en ik= i4 ena#iL μi4R# nan=rn n μ4Ri$1n i#G 1=m. i i L a#i46m 1l R#i μ#4y u 6m i8k=m o8n n zin 1 R# iR= 4r en' al6R' a zm 8ni i# NEl all
8n n. B8m en#
nam ike4n# u inai;14=m.
1l
Di4k
eNA
aG
m + i4n i#i1m eN1 i nai;14il νm {A dA μ i e #l + i4nai;14=m. nai;1
en
i#4E4
r
i#i1 il eN1 i nai;14il a1 i4i8 =m. nai;1 ep Am innan= 3m e%i44. i14#
eiνm
i#G
in$m
{i1m
n
μ]4 n e#n' 8 id μm NAm. innan= %il i#G 1l Fm BA ' e #m.
ip 4n
eAm.
BNAm
i#
nai
e #m.
34
i 4 4n 8m u4rGi 8i4 il i k i$' p Ain# . 6m o8 μ# n a1kp A ik eN1l . av1k a ui4l n ii8n iAik=m *8<r nall . 1.6.2.5. 1.6.2.5. a1km nal=m a8L i#n n a1nrk= a8L nal , a1km NAm en# iNp m ey nai4i4 y l ]ik eLi#n. +n {1R#m =#i G in ey4 i#ena#i4il uL%m ik o8n i8p il aνk= {8L idAil. ni J#i i#n aE%il N
*=m
nai4il
aν14
u'ip d1
i#n
'B1n
i'
uki#n. i 4 il
=#ip i1p
e 'm
i iR= μ]$m e 8n m on#=m. 4n i νk= nal6 J#i$m u il. i#n a i n
i8E%
k=
a 4m
nal=m
en#
iN
nam ik eNA a z N *=nn. an4 i m ep Am '' Di4in#i naAl' B1n i4il *p Ai# . B1νk= n m nar4il a1km {n i n a eNA 2Rin#n. a1km n a i$m nali B1G i#p*G ey$m i#48L e i=m. i 4 a8Le R'yn m R#i4 ; ir a +zr en# nai4il , 'i B<zr' en' =#ikin#r. i zm i i n 8$1n a1km nali4k m r,
i4 an# 4= 8 4rk=G B i4 n naki iinR i#n N1; P i4 $n mp *l*=n rk=p e n# +84ir eA k r eNi a r am (m . $ . 426)
35
+n a 4 en# e ] 4 4 m { 1p e1n i4m iBr; en l n ii' eNk 1en? i n n! i naB4 e4n4iR eri (m . $ . 425) en' i i n JR#il u kin#r. il { n 1nrk= a8L nal=m L%l n *=m. n, =n, i, ki Bn, 4nn, m e nr 8k= i#n a1km nali4 i 4m dAm. il nji, e% r i6 i$m nai4il nk k eL3m μ4Ri$1n EL. 'i#
a 4m! N! a 4m!' en' a#iG 14, aL 4r Brk i#n
i nn.
a1nrk=
u1
an
il naiR=m
naBNA
e 8iR'.
i#in
njm
a8 =m
naikR . i zm nji *z e 8i1 a3k= a8L n a8L naiz ili* U r, s.....................
a8Νi 1 anjl i6 in a1rn il i8na' r=i4 em e 8n i4Ek i4m L +#i4i8 1 N anj em*l %nj
# i#n
ey #r el6m J#l in in en# R#i =%irn nail # aizU# u1l*%i uL% eμ8 i%
36
a8# eli4na 4i μm u Dk r R'm i8rGenj B#E4n i8Gei4il NeDi en#i 8ren =Dnin naA n n#ik i4μi 4νm i#e rk=m e i4R 8 eyn (ili. . m . 246-248) en' Nin a8L3L%m *p 1 8ikin#r. 6m il i n μi48k=m i88L * inn. B4il Ne 8n,
en l m eni1m ki PNA en + i iAy. en =, en4 a1y ( .B 18.65) uk= u'i J'i#n. ekii4n naB en' a8LeDi naikR . iv8L
e #
inr
dAm
=i$14r,
ir
=i4ir en# m 1K%i1 il. i# naAm eN eN1 4 $m i ik= ai i% i#n eN183in#n. i =#i na.p* e dE4r =#ip iA4il,
s8n μ =ni4in kL F8m na= r3m ie % i4A rn NG N*kr. irL > i i4r. m o8 #, a Km i i G 1n . %i4n o8 eE4 nam, a Km Ni1m a1km *k . яni n, na 4G 1nn. i B<zr a kr = n, aνm = G N*kn.s 21 ep l' il
uL% 48m
u i4 e iikin#r.
i#G 14
37
i ik= = P %in# . u i4 ena#ip E i# aΝ=l NAm. i# = P m u14n,
i#ν14
a8G
i#p*14 .
μRJ#i4 aE4r
Ln
nai%il
evK8il
i#
i4ikin#r% avK8il n83m nai a8G m +=m. +zr 8m a8G il {A dAp i i eyr. P<m '+zrL i1 %i6m i i NiR'
arG i' en' =#ip iAin# . (.P<. 38). Bin i i dAm μn$14n', μ4NAm. B μ4Ri4in μiril i#8L
Bνm idAm.
2eil n#ii1 p eL3m an* n# l4μm u i +% k4i8k=m i μm u4rnn, znn en# il e%Bi4μm e%i44i8k=m e%p i4μm a8G i nai#n p Ain#. iv8G il {A dA k= a1km NAm aE4rk=
i#n
NE4
a8%
elm
e Di n.
iv8 84 i naik= i4 *]k=m nk=m aEp 14=m.
il
ii;1 m
enνm
; in e%i u p e 'in# . ; in u4 i4 naik=m eR#ik=m iG i4in i4l*L e 8n 4y naiRin#. 1.7. 1.7. 4n i i μ ena#i%k keLl 2R Am 4n *8<r m +=m. i# a1R= i4 u 4 % μ]4G ey nai4il i1k=m BA ' *8<r m ep Ai# . *8
38
'*8<r m en . *8
e 8L.... +n a14NE4 e 8L m r6m iP ν m e '6m +=m' 22 en' =#ikin#r. iA e 'm nai B1=m. in BA e 'R 1kp d1n. i , ai , { n% a#i , ik dAk%iin' iA 1Gey$m. ai μ nai%il i8n iA e ' *8<r in μl E. +l *8<r m a#iil dAn'; i# eNE nai#K e 'in# . k%nji4m ik =#ik4il,
+n 1K3kG μm eyin# . ai4 iP +n k Ni# . i4 in 4ip iP p i mν p e 'in# . iv' ν1n Lki4 $Gi4m. +n p i4m ki4m i NAm e 'i# . in aν m { ν14 a8%l =N1 il idA P i6m idA=m. 23 en' =#ip iAin# . ip*i4i4 in m e R# namzr
#i #ip i#p*m i#n aE4 a1n uL%m #i {#il in i8eL%m 4nFzin
(na. 3071)
en# aE4il =#ip iAi#r. n
μ]4
i#i1m
op 1 G
1nn PKi6m in m e 'in#n. 1nn =np i$m e 'in#n. e ki e6 rL, =#ip id1 na%il i#nl naRi idAm en# 4#L uL%. +l
i i4in E
na1p νk=
ikdAp AL
e$m
il. enna%il u4ir i in6m =nm uNA. i namzr m i8yeDi4il,
39
m +=mnL a1nrk= elm l =nm eAk=m i n
(na. 3884)
en' =#ip l u m. 6m ar,
i%p y i%p y enanj enn i%k nanrL R#i - i%pe y nayn l nal=n nalp n yn evK4irk=m n
(na. 2607)
en' =m m i#n a eNi i4ki#r. =nm naAm o8n, ivKil e 'm 4n% N1 i iL,
=n uN Be1 #i1 lrk=p e y=n'm eyi mi B m e 8n map l ey=n#m an %iR#%r anjm i#$N1m e y= = ke r i%k=m ik' (i8l. 46) enin#r. i =nG 1nrk=p i# u n L e 8%
en#
8 il
e]n .
ivKil
ν m
e #iνm nRe#dA iv4 %il 44yk eL%p Am m naAm eNm BA ' N1y +zr in 1l%il e i4k m. m R#i +zrL ' m 1l%il =#i L%r. namzr "iN14il BR#i8n +L m B1" (na. 3098) en# aE4il k =#ikin#r. i8 4zr e i4 i81il, "nνm A i n N1 in nannaAKL anr ili4in A y - Be1n'm ene#ikN en# G ...................... ." (na. 2719-20)
40
en' =#ip iAi#r. i8 4zr i#i4 i81i6m Bn BA ' e 'k BzkN1' i%k=in#r.
r * i4z PN1 i4Di r nai#i n N1 k BNA*k= + μm a eyi 4ilnain'm (na. 2675-75) oDi on'N1................ e%ik= ap l e nνil ivi4 N1 il i4r u1ν#4 8m nai i4r, μ r en' l8m 2 i#n e6 BR#i8ki#n en' G 4 ir i1y nam*in#r. n μ]4 op*k eA G 1n o8νk= BA ' a%i l en i#n i4i# . ip 4n%il an n*# Nm BNAm i#4 aR#k e1G eyi#n. B nA il Lki4p A ik eL3l izGi$'l iR4n#iG Bνkil. Br%in uN4 i ik= i#n dAp dA naiRi#n. Bνk=k 1 R#m nal=m i4 BA R#l nai#R'in#n. iv' BA nal=m nai u4ir u1 ii8n iA Aii8n =i# . 1.7.1 arGi i rkm Di =nm rl % nan=rn in Bn znaL B Dink= 8ni$m, Bid= anji$m i8k=m zin uyKk= u i4 u 4 k keL%NAm Bn u1idA e%i4' rni i4 3m \ni i4 3m 1n ikp Am. in i i U k 1n Bn i ikp Am. i mnaE Di4y e%i4'm B aki μ rL R' Dina1 r. in nuNΝ1m p G ey , i я enνm nai4 NE eli a]k=3m %4p e R# Bn m en# B i#l a8%p e 'm. l u L iD iv4 N1 il nuD$m.
41
a = ip i i a8%i4 + i4 k NA e]m. in iv4 e y i]m i#k NA ν m ey m.
24
=n il eme 8k N k N1 Bn, %i m aν i m an +n eL% il Fzi4i8k=m. i na 4n anzr B i481n e]n8%, μRJ#i4 nai i4r, μ r31n i#νk= i4 m E, +zr L E a enna3m aν ip r. i ; nm iP i mν m enνm. i *8<r m +=m. i ir4r i nn μki41n in a1$m e 8m a8nji#p*%,
ak (i#n) NA ap n# = %p e R' an i8E%in BD anan, 81, i;kr μi4 nai 4m i ;E$1n *=n , n eli1 i6m el nai%i6m eli r4 )i i4$m e R' +nk 1il FzinaiR n. iνk= a i8n o8 m i8m*l il. in n i;1p E na1p m r4 il a1 i4........ p k8i N1 iR= n en#6m iνk=G i#i m ν ) iR= i1e#n 4il. im μ#4k eN1 iνk= i8m*l ile4n . i 4 25 ν iP i mν m en . eni#r. *8<r in μ]p 4n i i eyνk=k i1ki# . PKil ]m R#' m ip 4n eA m i#n naiRi#n. a μ]4G 1nr=G m]m iL 2 il. i# u 4 %in Di i# a14il μ]4 4n idAil. i i ena#i4 i# a1R= i4 i#n Di. a μ]4yp 4n l en# nakil ii;1 m i i4in 4G dAm.
42
4n ep Am *8<r m 4rk=m u i eiνm 1nrk= nai4iL 2 R' a8L D =l eN k . Bn ip i i4il i#4ν il Fzi i% p *8<r a1i# . 1.8 i4l μE*
1.8.1 ena#i4il i en# p il an ivi4l, il in nai4 eA kdAin# . an d AL u=, i#n, +n =#i inL, a ii8n ' Am nai +i4 d1p dAL%. 1.8.2
ii;1 m
i#
aΝi1G
dE4
ki,
i ena#i%in n, enL +4p dAL%. i4in nL e p 1 i%kKm dAL%. i ena#i in ED4 ain# nak k . i zm i#48L e R#r e 'm 4nL *8<r m en# =i4il i%kp dAL%. 1.8.3 i 4 e]i= n in k il n iνk=p e 'm = uNA. arm p R', p r, 1p*L +i4 =#i 8i4il m.
43
ne#N i%km 1. k%nji4m - e=i 5, k. 454 2._..u 4n R#k i + yGi$m i 8 __ 'm, k. 50-60 3. ini r i, iz iki4 il m, k. 169-170 4. i.xn, ini4 \m, k. 3-4 5. Satyavrata Singh.A, Vedanta Desika - A Study, . 417 6. k%nji4m - e=i 9, . 303 7. i8;Si ay4 r ( .+. & .+.) e niD r, . 123 8. i.xn, μRJ#i4 nl, k. 336-337 9. zi4R %nji4m e=i 9, k. 800-801 10. ini r i, μRJ#i4 nl, . 169 11. 12. 13. 14.
k%nji4m - e=i 9, . 304 na.p* e dE4r, μkiena#i . 37 k%nji4m - e=i 9, . 305 i i i4r, μnν - ip i nm
15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25.
naяn, + i4r m, . 2 na.p* e dE4r, a8 njm, k. 89-90 i.xn, μRJ#i4 nl, k. 223-224 i inr, 84m, . 69 i nr, ki4 i%km, . 19 zi4R %nji4m, e=i 8, . 670 na.p* e dE4r, μkiena#i, . 118-119 , . 5 k%nji4m, e=i 9, . 306 na.p* e dE4r, μkiena#i, k. 137-140 i i i4r, μnν - ip i nm, . 65.
44
n iin zKm k=m 2.0 ; in id $m %$m uL%1ki ii;d1 k d A e]n . n in aEp 14il e]n ikd d1 i νяr a8%ir. ar e 4 il i i νя i nm en' aDkp Ain# . ikd d1p p*m μ4Ri4i6m in u4 i4 k=% u#i4G eyi6m i νя in B1rL e 8m eN1R#ir. B1r m 4il n 8m i νя in d d1$m ena#i4$m p*in# i44 m zin e 8m #k eNE8nr. iGB1r bn
m 4il in
=#ip i1
k y
ini4
+r.
i%irn
il
nR#NA% i i1m e R' iz r en' n ip
R#iG
i4i i
=#ip
iN
1
n iin eLL ar nak k=m. i4 8 i4l (School of Thoughts) u8keN1. i i im en'm i m i 4 L en'm
eN11p Ain#.
ii;d1 p
i
p ir.
aEe4R#ip
i p
r
R#ie4]n
iL%4ni, i i p in R' iG i#p*14 en' i$' i# . innin aEp 1k 8 i i i4r, "in *Dp En#i ujяBik μE4 . ar
+ yn N1 )i nm ujяBikG =m. in = %p E a i8 il L #n m. a a8%n#i u 4il".2 en'
=#ip iAi#r.
i 4
e 8k=m
*]k=m
u i4
4il n in zk a$R# i%k= ivi4in e 8N e ai# .
45
n in zA in ; $m ii;d1 $m irm 1p*L Di u m. irm
1p*L
R#i4
a#iμ $m
ivi4l
eNE =i# . 2.1. 2.1. zi4l eyiL n in zi4l eyi% i%k=m ip =i4il ar i#n m, e R#r, a Gi#p*, m, li, eyB a8Le #l, p r * il, a8L naizKL, 4 l, B1rL, e R# i8 L +i4 i%kp Ain#. 2.1.1. 2.1.1. i#n m iz Jr nal6il 'eN1 naA n#81 ' en# *z i%k=m B i4 =i4=m. imN1 il li, Li l
e i48m
n3m
a i L%r.
innadEn
Ne iz nji na =m. * L snar%il nji's en' R'in#. 4kli i%k L, a#irn L e]i izn lik %k nji izn . iknjik=p *z rk=m 4il n in i il n#ir. iGeyi4p iL%4ni,
uy$m 4il u i$L n i L4n i = Up*R iL%....
( iL%. 4)
en' =#ip iAi# . u i en nji4k =#ik=m. iknji4il 'Up*l' en# il ir i#n4l 'Up*l iL%' ek =#ikp Ain#r.
46
2.1.2. 2.1.2. e R#r i1m i ap*L%r enin# + i 4 i νяr nji na il ii;d1 iR n y iznr. ir m k4r m. im 4p *N1 id 4i en rm n ananm i m * in eN1r. i m id= e=na% p ' ykil. i8 1 i ar a8%i4 n in a ikp e R#r. il =Dnk=p e R#r ' 1nan' en' e 4 id1r. ir nR#ni, 'Up*l anan i4r el*zr nn' en'm, 'ril m nns en'm n iin e R# k =#ip idA k=m. (i. nR. 28 & 75). 2.1.3. 2.1.3. a G i#p* p ' NE ananm i$m m$m Dip d14l n 4il i8i4in a y 1n ard=k =Dnp ' a8%in. i 4i nai]m *i naizp *# uL%rk= u ki# . oi4 ii4G ei4il rki# . i zm i4 o , ii;d1 p i y an e 84p lrk=m u p enνm ena#i4il n in a m an L% . i8k 4il i8i4in a y in n i n ir m,
..... 1 4il ni4 i4in Je# n en'
=#ip iAi# .
ir
nR#ni,
n
(. m. 99) i8
n iyp i#nk =#ip iAi# .
i#
47
i
e4R i4
ey%k
ii
i
1in a m en'm i νя in a m en'm inr R#i 8in#r. na 4 i % 4k eNA a#iii% nr%k 4R# i u8il +r4 n'in#n ep i L in# E4l uN4il ir in a .4 en' p e i4rL =#ikin#r. i zm
i8
i8k4il
i4$m
i8
na$m n in R#p AR= aEp 14 arm 4 eN1 ai# . 2.1.4. 2.1.4. m n in k =8 m nlL e%i a'i4idAL%. G i48m m nil ir k =#ip iAin#r.5 i$m 4371il ir i#nr en# 8 p E i. i.
1268
il
* d1i
i L
i8
nad i il
a i r. ir o8 nR#NA zni8n 4p i4R#ir. i. i.
1368
il
i8naA
rnr.6
irm
nR#NA
zk4$m, eN1$m BzkΝm R'μ# i4n ur m.
naiμm nD nan#L mD na in #n #D - \i4rL eni4i rUp*l n i inνe8 nR#NA i8m. (+zrDik= r '. . 202) 2.1.5. 2.1.5. li n in m i' 4il e] kli R' n il na1Ur amL +4in E m i1m i ap*L% i1i8n , ni , i n, *%k R' rnr. i amL JR#k =8 m i m,
48
u14r nai4p Ek= ;4i%G ) i il inai4ik=m E iL%n nai4m en'm... an ) i m Sp N1 v8 n % in Up*R iL%4 en' u14r i8KL%k 8 4i8k=m...... naB i8k= +n Di4y n i8n r %$m iL%n Di4y n ;4, i<4 %$m u14r i8KL%μk=m )n4 Si 31n p i$m.7 en' =#ip idA ki# . ap*L% i1m m, ivi4p i nm, 8km, i4 m μi4 *% i$rnr. ir ap*L% i1m li$m urn =8 ki$1n izn eyi4
e L i1m ik = i 4p*L%rn rG E rn inr m8%l na 8nen 1eDi naRe 8L e R#nam i Up*R = e4mk 8% ( iL%. 17) en' iL%4ni i%k=in# . 2.1.6. 2.1.6. il#m l i %il rn aR#p i#rk= a#iK' m naip e1yi4 n iνk= arm e R#r m * iikk 8ir. i#p ki, N*nan +i4 nai#n 'i8 ' en# =i4p e R#r +4in E nr. eiνm ilzil aizn i1l i p e DiK%il m in4G e6 i nr. i#p i4i4 in e6 i4 n in il njip 8%%n n#i m a8L nai#n +NK i#k=m en#8%in. iin naR ed1 4il =Dn i#n . ak=Dnk=p 8%%n i8nai4 ' n' en' e 4 idA iznr. i48m m n4 o \μm iN$m e R' i% ir.8
49
2.1.7. 2.1.7. eyB a8L e #l ap*L%r m * Di4il e R# 81 ni n iR= u i r. i88m amni i84ini * m en# na%il a E4il arn i4i r. a8k=p e i4 i8E en' R#p Am 81zr n#i (4ki Br ni $m, (4ki Br E $m a8%ir. i8 4zr a4ki Bk 1K%,
μnivK ]i8L NE $N μie A rL ip n nν nalp e 8% elm iμy a8%i4 em n Nin
(na. 1619)
en' iki#r. d=m a#iKk=m {n ek =#ikpe 'm (4ki B p e i4 i8E a8%i4 ni l i4i ir. av%4il (4ki Br n#i a8% aμe {nr. avμm 8i4 nai4il el \ 3m p e R#r. ivim e R# m \m eν 8 il n in m ai G i il
eL%p iμr i yi E4m uL% e]i4 4il id1m..........
(i. i . 95)
en' u kin# 8 k . n in i# =m i8p il 4 i ReN1r. μp nm 4il 1 ini4, enini4p =i%il i8 4 i ReN1r. %im* m, iG m, 1 , a4 i, i8nm, i μi4 1 ini4 d= e]n8%ir. i8 1m, i8pe 8m*Ur, i8 m, i8k=1n, i8ili* Ur, +zr i8na i, i8kijr, i8na 4* m, il μi4 endA i8 d=m en' Di Am na%il +zr3m + i4r3m i6m a8Gr B m n z ir.
50
u14r a8% i8pe 8m*U i6m, i8na 4* i6m, i8 i6m e R#r. +N1L a8% i8ili* U i6m e i4zr a8% +zr i8na i4i6m e R#r. 2.1.8.1 2.1.8.1 p r * il i νя in ii;d1 il n in +zn * e R#i8nr. u14r e]i4 ;4 p e 8 i4p*1n 4in#r. ak 8 #k N1 m i#i nakm ek8ir. i ai8ii4il,
F i% e4on #i N1 eDi4i NAm en #ie4 nain# avi n nν $m Din μnm 8 #k NE1 \m *] nanir na (i. i . 96) ek =#ip n Fm u m. i 4
{A d1l
μrn
i n
nn4 en# u'i$1n n in i%k=in#r. ivK'i 6pe R'p i# 4k d A%il an n en% + yn k Di ey . iv yGGi4 i# 4 i81n %il {A 1 nain# em. a i4 B m, u14rm a p 4,
a4nj 4k % %4 a8Nl 4p 4ir %rk en'
J'm.
aq
{NA
n
(a i. B . 6&7) iνk=m
e 8n m
JR'k%m. irm p r i#4 i nR#ni,
l ii i #4
n nam 8il - ey8m {ep ( ) il4i (=) ip E4 a e m dAm ir (i.nR. 14)
51
en'
=#ip iAi# .
ir
ey
=8 m p m i% p i# .
p
r%k
9
2.1.8.1 nji4il ii;d1 %r 8m 4 #i o8n n id1n. a en' ; i n nai nadEr. a NA e # uL% y 4 #i a8i8n =% il Fzi naB k =E , B4 ni m e i n. il n iin 4i' i N1 . u1 in a8i8n o8 Uk B# #i =E naBr elm UN Di4 e%i4#i4 . #i in nip* NEn. 2.1.8.2 i8 il 1nadEi8n n 4i o8n n en' J#i p 8k=p aD en#n. ip d1r n iνk= iA r. n in i8 iR= e]n8%i a $m naGi4 $m ir. in e i4 N1 il e]n8%i ii;d1 nai nadE 4i4 RG eyr. a νm naGi48m m uni1 i8 L a%i r. ivp rk 8 kL U<i4y u8pe R#. 2.1.8.3 i8; iGi n en# a#i\$m iNEi en# *$m n in i6m *4i6m en#r. arL i in aE e] ir. 2.1.8.4 i i4 i4r en# iя4 na + i4r iin D8m +r. ar iνk=G ' p * y NAm' en' aDp* iA r. a ' 'i#p i4 m i' en' a#iK' i ' ki4 njm' en# ey$d% aνp iid1r. i i4 i48m a NA unr.
e]i
ine8 i i4 i48k=m i#ie8 4ik=m naizn μEeyl i8n . i i % n iνk= e]i i8μm aνp ir. av iR= naAKnai k i8K% eNA n in i8μ G eyi%in 'p* % e]i ii;d1 ey en' a8%iG eyr.
52
2.1.8.5 i 4 %4n#i in o8 i iir i
iR= aD r. ir k eir i1 ' r. 2.1.9.0. 2.1.9.0. a8d eyL n in i8 il a naGi4r a8%l 'r ni Sni r' en' i8 e R#r. in e 8L 'L
4i6m lr' en m. i NAe # ir i p dEk=
aD r.
*zrp y an.
ip dEL
n
iR=
10
2.1.9.1 o8 m dE, 'n en#iA' e n * i4, n in 4il 2] A%k B#ir. akA% N1 μE4 m*L 4 i. μEil m dE ni p m* on# 2 a A% B#i i BN1 n . av%4il in 81 ni m я i r. ap 81n n#ip m ik e iG en# . m dE eN1idA i nik NEn. an l i i4 aNl ni p m BNAm an e #G eyr. 2.1.9.2 o8 e n, n lr ? e iin. a i1G i#p o8 i' dE an e8k a1kir. ar dE4 i' in'm i84Bni * il p Ai# . 2.1.9.3 n ii1 p e # eN1 ir i mG i o8 UNE ii1m e 8L N1G eyr. ir i8% i aνk=p e np e 8%p e R#i1G eyr. i i +i r E4 ' ' ik= op i#p*14 . i#rke NEp e 8%Bn n in ke 4en'm 4ikil. unji8 ik=G en# m i i1m i m eN1 ir id1 e R%k 46m e1l l L%i ikir.
53
2.1.9.4 o8 iR i n ii1m a u8 a i E i1 NAm en' J#in. i88m u1n d1r. an#4 i il i#n n#iG i a4 NE4 E k J#i a8%in. a z iE 4il m E e]il ey iR i4 en#r. e]il ey E in E4 iR i$m n iin i4G ey in. i#n a8de4lL
a8L .
J1,
i
n iin
in ey
ey i#
e%ip A y ain#. 2.1.10. 2.1.10. 4 il iin = lG 4 %in i n %$m NArn ii;d1 nai nadE4 e 8 n iνk= uNA. a dAn#i m 4 iR= narn i1'%$m lnai%il ki a8%ir.11 2.1.10.1 i8 il na4i iv4p i n m μ4Ri4iG ir 2R ' r. aGmDil iz na4i iv4p i nm en' nai'ir. 4iil ey iD a #G eyr. 2.1.10.2 i8 il n in i il i8Gi p L%i4 8ki4rL kir. arL 4iil *kJAm en#nji4 4il i4%rL, Fr i4ik R l # r. aDi4 %n Em ud 1p Lme n i%p e dE4il idAk dA Di4yk eNA en#r. d=G en# in i'i4il i8p i4il i#p E L e]n8%G ey4p d1. innaiz a#in n in μm e 831n elk 8ir. ap ip d1r m e]i4 '8 en# n$m m i%nji#r i8 $m i i' a4 i1i8n k NEr. i zm uKl e 8% e1rn el i1G l*14 ; a e 83k=m
54
un en# in4il n in an e 'p 2R#r. i8 ii8n '8p i i'4 eA keNA, ip d1 in =Dn31n i4 m en#r. a = ip d1 in n + yn an e 84k NArnr. annp 8k=m a#iK' i a ir naie #G eyr. 2.1.10.3 8kr 1e4Ap l i84il e]n8%i4i8n aDi4 %n E BNAm i8 k 4iil Di 1NAm en# i8p*, n iνk= e]n . a 4m na 4n en# nn ani4 p *# eL%Gey enji4il i naL Di dAp in BNAm i8 il Di dER= 2R AG eyn. a i#n il ur i48% i izeyir. i8 m n i# μn l Di dA iznr. na 4n k eN1 ilG i i k J1 ii8n aR#p dA i8n 'in p e 8%' BNAm i i;1 ey Di dER= Di ir. m 4 Di d1p Νl Fm n in p nr. en, ir nR#ni,
nna nan iR(=)+d ey u miv u4ird=en(') r - i Brk n iy n( )ui (i.nR. 11) rkm en' n l e n ip R'i# . 2.1.11. 2.1.11. B1rL n iin i n in uN4 urn an l {rp*R'p r m in4G e6 ir. armμL =#ip i1 kr ni8r +r.12
55
1. i4r (n iin = r) 2. i ni Sni B4r 3. eNeyk J B4r 4. =njmPr BiG i4r 5. Br p iL% 6. i8 BiG i4r 7. i B4r 8. n1 em r 9. i8 naln 10. i1m ip iL% 11. =Nr iL% 12. Up*l ap R=#ip i1pe 'm B1r ni88m i i k 8 il eNA a %rk=m i4i6m n iνk= u1i8n uR'Di ey$m i4i6m m {A A ik eN1r. n ip *zn 1eDi4i6m izeDi4i6m i4n%$m Di i8na %$m 1 m +p R#ir. irL 'ir μiL' en'm
R#p Ain#r.
ir%4n#i
i i1m
i6m
dE4i6m R#r3m B1r% #ir. ar3L i8;iGi n, iNEn n#rL =#ip i1 krL. n iin i8k= 8m na4i i4r en' R#p A 8 = i4r,
n 1 nar4 iri i n r4 r4 nnai m uR8i
(=8.p . . 151)
en# 1eDi i4 i4R#ir. i i4n m 1eDi nl3k= μn i1 n in a8L* inr. i m Sni B4r i4R#i4
56
i νя 4 m \ k4 P<m 1 nar4m n n im (i. i .i4n, . 1) en# 1eDi i4 ivi4 i nm μ i3k= μn i1 ir a8% D ir. i44n#ip iL% u i4r i4R#i4,
Be n' Up*l i8 1μ14n e n#G en DeDi$L - e n' 44 i4il zrk= #p %Km zK (i. i .i4n, . 1) en# i4 m ip i % izp i n d= μn i1 i8KL%m * inr. 2.1.12. 2.1.12. i8 L i8 il p r * in a i% en# il a naνm a naGi48m μ#4 'n i4r' en'm 'r ni Sni r' en'm i8 L D i i88L * inr. n i4r en 'n in' en' =#ip i1e 'i# . en o%i, aD= enνm e 8L eN1 . ivEp 14i4 +i i4p e 8% odE D p d1 . n i i k=m +i i4n en# e 8L 1, n in en# e 4r an . k%nji4m,
i]k= u4rn e 8 a%i 1eDik= ev4i6m znil en'm +zr314 izp i n % 1eDi p n' o8 en'm nl%l nainadE4 e 8 ivi i48k= u i4 . a NA un nan i8k= u 4 n i4r en# i8 a%i 8%in.... e , in en# el + i4n en# e 8L A4iνm ir n#i4 i#= i8k u i4 el an id1 .13
57
en' n in e R# i8 R#i u kin# . n iνk= i#l i8 D p d1in uN4 a
m 1l on#il 'n +i i4n en' i4m nain#m' (i. i .132) en' =#ip l e%i4m. n in nl%G i m, i μ e 8NL a4 iDi6m 1eDi4i6m l 4p i4il 1 8%ir. ip d1r n#r iv8nj ey4 rn 'iri i m' en# i8 n ir. ir n$1n
1eDi,
iz
izn4l,
4p il
')S4
rnr.
)S B'
ey$L
en'm
ir
d1p d1r. i
')S4 )S B' eni# i8 R# i8 %p l )up )i Sik= D =il44iνm ak il )S)u%il i n%l D i p d1en' i% =in# . o8 G in 2 iR= ')S4' en' e 4r.... in )S4L eAp i6m i#r eAk=m )S4%p P m eyi6m nai R# lr en i% i8k= ')S4 )S B' en# i8 n#i4en r.' 14 en' aN r4 Si =#ip iAr. ivi8 %in uN4 ir i8k= r i4R#i4 iL%4ni4i6m μEi# . annil n iin i8 %in =#ip*m i4Re 48m a4,
i n i4n n in e L Up*l ey n u n 1nan i4n 1kN eyiA na%in μDkeA i4r F#k n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( iL%. 6)
58
en'm
a8L8m + i e4 L Up*R# 8iri i . . . . . ( iL%. 18) en'm d1p dAL%. 2.2. nlL ; il # i4 \m p e R# in n in akd d1p rk=m a#iK' m i4il {A d1r. a8dey%6m p i i %6m ev' ii;d1 nai'i eR#i e R# a nai4il m eRe DiK%6m akd d1p p i eNA * inr. a nai '14 iD NAm en# 8 il nl% e]ir. ir iDi6m 1eDi4i6m i NAm in ip i % i6m m nl%p 1 8%ir. i i m J' dA4n#i rk= i4 ii%k J'Km an L%. 6m ip k%$m i4R#i$L%r. ir m e1kk nl%y i% = (4k B i m, 81 nj +i4. i84Bni * il n in (4k Br a8Le R#r. i#in i8k84$m aR#iR= u 4y an 81r 84$m nain μ#4 innlL e]n. a i#n +4in E 1lL E$L%r. i# 4 in *#keL%p *#nL%p ' m', ')U<i' +i4 e]n. nji il =4il i#n +p E nai4m, я nj) +i4R#$m a1kp , i i, i8Gin +i4R#$m a8%ir.
en#
i8 il u14r a8% nain 'ei pi' n i4R#ir. u14 in ii;d1
i%k=m
4il,
μk m,
nai44
i njm,
59
rr i i, ai8 rp m, ;4i%km, B u
i%km +i4 nl% i4R#ir. i νя i n el8m u8m 4il a8% NAm e i8 aE4r r i, ar3k i i, m i 4 i i, p i, i i4 i, a 4 i m, u i m, m μ nl% i4R#ir. o na%i il ' S m' en# n e]i i8 νk=G rp i r. n ir m, innaizGi4,
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . r i il +4i iL a8%iy! 4Km +yn n i en'
=#ip iAi# .
i#p ip =m.
' S m'
i i8E%
(. m. 59) i#n
namz y
i8E%G
a i
en#
8 il innl an L% . iv' n in i4R#i4 nlL m. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
i nlL e 8nlL na1m n nlL u nlL aν;1 nlL i i4 nlL
--------
28 4 1 14 8 2 32
8. izp i n L
--
24
R=#ip id1R'L u nl3L ai rp m en# n6m i4 nl%il i i84m, nai i%m, i8μE41K +i4 nl3m izp i n %il n , Dl, am, l, 2l +i4 nl3m #n id1. enji4 nlL in'm i l 4in' p Ain#. ii +yKp e 8%i4 izp i n L R#ik m.
60
2.2.1. 2.2.1. izp i n L n
in
i4R#i4
i4Km
i Km
an izp i n L i8 nan=m. aR'L Ln #ni1 enji4 en i n L. aR#in μ#p* 8': 1. ai8 nji 2. ai i m 3. ai8ii 4. m 5. m 6. eyi ni4m 7. a1kp 8. a8 njm 9. i i 10. i8Gin 11. ni8 nam 12. i8ni G 8k= 13. 4G 8k= 14. G 8k= 15. Br i m 16. μmik 17. nai 18. i n m 19. + nai4m +i4m. ip en i n 31n n in i8n i4r i4R#i4 iL%4ni inip an L% . innl%il i, ip i % na14il an i i4 nl%in
i14
an
izp
%in
e=p
an L%. i i nm R#ip e p 1k J#in n i i4 L R#i an nl%in 8k, n i i4 L
R#i4
eyi%in
8k,
eDip
61
e 4rp ani =in#. i e m naR' Ln 1l% u14. o 1l i8 i n %il i1m e #Km m.
i zm
+'
1lL
i8'
i n %il
an L%. innl%il
eyi ni4m,
a8 njm,
a1kp , i i, i8Gin, ni8 nam +i4 njip 8%% i a. i8ni m, 4m, m +i4R#in 8 kL '8k=' en# nai4il i4Km i# i n inN i1i1n m i%kp dAL%. i84Bni * m nan il 1pe R# μmik, n , Dl, am, l, 2l, nai +i4R'L μmik4in i8 1l3m nai naB enji4 iR#iki4 3m #neDin. 2.2.1.1. 2.2.1.1. ai8 nji m i 4 i i μ i i4 nlL μp i NA +=m.
aR'L
m i 4
i i
μl
ie8
i i4
nl%in e1k i6m μEi6m avnnl%in e 8%i4G e#iy a G i %p 1 L%r. iv#n μp on k%in e=p ai8 nji +=m. innl ai8m n# 4n l en# 8 il i zm e 4 i1p dE8kkJAm. innil + i4 i, , am, { n en R#in uN n i%kp dAL%. 2.2.1.2. 2.2.1.2. ai i m i i4 nl%il e 8m n4yp 4ip e ' m, μn$14 nl S4 4 m. inninN μp i NA ai L u%. avi %in e 8N4G 8kik J'l ip e 4r e R# . + i4 i, ai
e 8N, 4il. i8, nji +i4R#in i#p*L +i4R# innl i%k=m. ai pe 8N ani
62
e14il an L% . e p kL Lm ' +=m. ip 1lL
S4 4 L an L%R#in e=p =m. 2.2.1.3. 2.2.1.3. ai8ii ai8
nji n' ai8 ii$m
i i4
e 8N4 i%k=m i' nl%il an izp %in e=p an L% . ai8 nji4il i1me # i i4 nl%il μi6m μEi6m an e=p μp ] 1l% u14 . i8ni m μ i i4 %in eyi, n, i B;n i, m +i4 innil i%kp dAL%. i'ip =i4il u14r e 8$m, ai i n en# in e 83m i%kp dAL%. 2.2.1.4. 2.2.1.4. m m en E4k =#ik=m. n i8E% a1$m EkdA en# μ#4il m en' aDkp Ai# . a1R= i4 on eyi%p EkdA%yk eNA innl i%kp e 'i# . i ip i % na14in m en# ninN an %in e=p an L% . innin e kL i8 on' +=m. innl 1eDi i4n i N1$m iz i4n on#$m e R'L% . 2.2.1.5. 2.2.1.5. m m en n e 8L a4lk N1m en m. n in i84Bni * il i a4lk eLL, ii;d1 1n op i1 u4rK14 en# 8 il ip i % na14il m en# i i n e]ir. an y annRN an izp k%in e=p* a e 4 il ( m) ai# . inN an 1l%in eNik Lm nan= +=m.
63
i i 4m, i# %in =#L, nj i p e 8, i4in e 8, μni i4r ey m i 4 n +i4R# i%k=i# . 2.2.1.6. 2.2.1.6. eyi ni4m a ii i en njina m; nji4in e 84 i%k=m nl a ii i ni4m. i i mn 44k eNA ey 4G i#p*. 8%%i4 a m, a8d = μi4R# i%k=i# . ni4 il a1 i4 izp k%in e=p ni4m ai# . inN i8 en
e 8L a ii i eyi 1lL
a1 i$L%. 2.2.1.7. 2.2.1.7. a1kp njip 8%%in, i8E%G N* NEp E4 1l%in e=p* 'a1kp ' en' aDkpe 'in# . a1km NAm e 8N4il aA a1km a1in i#p*, i i4in Ln =iL, a1km a1nr, e R# ' +i4 ip il i%kp dAL%. i o 'nai4m' en# 1eDi n6m a1kp
e 84
i%k=m.
i Km
1l%k
eN1 . 2.2.1.8. 2.2.1.8. a8 njm μki4p e # i8m il Ln e 8d%p R#i4 a#iK NAm. ape 8dL R#i a#iμm ey$m n ain# . i# i4l*, u4ir i4l*, i14il a$m inlL, BA R#iR DiL, i#4ν m +i4 Ln e 8N4il innl an L% . o8 e 8Nk= i8 1l en# a%il p 1l3m nRe 8 J'm 1l on'm ep ie8 1lL an L%.
64
2.2.1.9. 2.2.1.9. i i ;8k= i4 an#1k 1% i%k=p p 1l% u14 i i eνm nl ai# . o8 na% Ln J'%ki ove8 e ]iR=m u i4 1 i e 4' k J'in# . a inam, u m, iG4, 44m, 4m μ Ln e4lL ip %il i%kp e R'L%. 2.2.1.10. 2.2.1.10. i8Gin i#n
nnaii%il
'i8Ginm'
en#r
8i
oi l *. in m B 4ii i#n e]n83m =#ip
8 .
a zm
i#n
e]n83m
di4
8ik=m nai4il ip i nm al i i8Gin epe 'in# . ip i n il i8ni m, 4m, m enνm
i i4 %il
J#p dAL%
= %
n
eN1 8%%n e]n83m di i%kpe R'L% . ip i nm ie8 1l% u14 . ip i nm izeDi4il an L% Fn' i4n% u14 . 2.2.1.11. 2.2.1.11. ni8 nam ;r3k= i4 a14% %il on' i8N p*. m u1il ikp ip ni8 i1 %il ip r. a zm ik4il n μ n {#p ni8 i8na %G elNAm. i i8na 3k= i4 i#n Em, nai#m, i, +$ L +i4R# i%k=l, ip i nm ni8nam epe R# . ip i nm iFn' 1l% u14 . ip i n iR= μnE4 namz in ni8 nap dA ain# .
65
2.2.1.12. 2.2.1.12. i8ni G 8k= ; il i8ni m en' ikp A 'm na na 44' en =m. in e 84 i8 4zr,
=m8m elm niAm aE4r A 4r +4i elm naim m ey$m naBLim* a83m a8e%A e 8nai a%ik=m m8m R'm niAm e R# 4iνm +4i ey$m nam8m el nanNA eN1n (na. 956) na 4 eνm nam en' J'n Fm u m. i i8ni m R#i, μ.i i =#ip iA4il,
+ i4i4 na 4n B1i4 na νk= u i n i i8ni m. in ude 8%, + i4r B1νk= eA Geli a Di dAk= u i4k NAm en# μ# i i8n e1 =i# .15 eni#r.
i i8ni
$m
uyikl .
imni edA nai%y = aR#ik= i%km 8m n4il al i8ni G 8k= ep Ai# . inN an %in eNik +=m. 2.2.1.13. 2.2.1.13. 4G 8k= BnkL {1# i8L NE4 E i#n i8 e1r% on#ki ni m u n. imni in μR m Di4$m, iR =i $m J'm. i zm i N1y an l 4m ep Ai# .
'n na 4 e% m p 4' ' na 44 na: '
66
en 4=m. iR#il μl e1 l 'e i4 i dE4
μnidA { ν14 i NA i8E%$m u 4p R'in#n' en# e 83m i N1 e1 l se i4 i dE48m { 8 r i4il en'm r4 p * i' en# e 83m i1kin#.16 4m R#i4 8 k%G 8ki e%i4iAl 4G 8k= ep Ai# . i 4 in a % i%k=m ni8 1l% u14 . 2.2.1.14. 2.2.1.14. G 8k= rk%i4 =8< i il arяuνk=k Nn B4 a8%in. annin N ,
r rn i 4j4 m2m m v я a(m r p4: >4i; 4i :
( .B. 18.66)
en# a8%in. in e 8L i i iK14 . ip p %il 8kik J'l ipe 4r e R# . in μR m in i N1 e 8%k J'm. +p ie8 % u14 . 2.2.1.15. 2.2.1.15. Br i m B i#l i8k= a8%p d1 *inl
+=m.
innin
i N1
8 e4lm
8ki
el8m 4neL3m E +%nr 'Br i m' en# n a8%ir. in eDi e 4rp* eνm E +%n in n ]i4 i i4R#pe R#l Br i m en iR=m e 4 4iR'. ( +%n in n6k=k 'Br i
d' en# innl
u on#$m n in a8%i$L%r. ) i8 e8 1l% u14 . inn6k= i8
i4nL iDil an L%.
67
2.2.1.16. 2.2.1.16. μmik F4p il an o8 k=p G ey$L e μp 1l%k eNE =m iki4 μmik +=m. n in i84Bni * iR= n a i#n il μmik4p Er. μp 1l3L i8 1lL enji4 p 1l% Dki6L%. i al, eN , d1%k i # eνm F 4p*1n ani
e14il
an L%.
ip i n L
iDin
a *p E Di, eii JR'kL p Ain#. 2.2.1.17. 2.2.1.17. nai l nai#μ14 on i% i n' on 4 4p il a4p A m nai +=m. i Km i84Bni * i# i p 1pe R# nai 4=m. iil +', 2], edA, in=, i8 edA Br%il an an L%.
+i i4
i8 3m
i
i8 3m
2.2.1.18. 2.2.1.18. i n m iz m en' ;r%l R#p Am e 8$14 na4i iv4p i nm +=m. ip i n in B k=L% {A d1l,
e yμi P r 4z r N e 8nal8 =8n idA i n 'y4= m nan e#N1 Ep e EDi n i 4e #i% L n 4r en#irN izn Anj ey4iz n e%i4 i e%i4 #nai e1%iin # (i. i . 40)
68
en' ai i il =#ip iAi#r. in {A dE4 iv4p i np e 8% i n , in i4R#i$L%r. innil m iz #4n en' +i i4r =#ip idAk
eLi#r.
innl
ni8
+zr
arm
e 8%, a i m, naL, eNik, i n in e 8L +i4R#G 8k eA i4m*i# . i8 i4nL an L% innl iedAp % u14 . 2.2.1.19 2.2.1.19. 19. + nai4m uNΝm uK J1 o8k 1kiiAm. , i я, = L a r uNΝm ui4 narin#
en
μnr
eL.
i
.ni
μi4r,
u4rn nl%il J#p dAL% uK nai4 p E e in eNA 1p iEp n μl. =μm i =μm 8i# uK% uN rk= u1l =μm i =μm u14 i8k=m. μm ap E n i8k=m. 17 en# eyi4l u m. uNΝm uKk=m i k=m e1r*NA. i# a14 naiR=m =m. en uNΝm μ#%il r o] = . ive] 2R A i uK μ# R#i i% k J'm n + nai4m i% =i# . B4il nal6K, B4 uK en# =p* p Ai# .18 an aEp 14i4 + nai4m e]n in =#ip iAin#r. innl ik NE4, uN = en' p A i i8 e8 %il a$m. iR= iDil i4n on'm an L% . 2.3. 2.3. i4l μE*
μE*
2.3.1 n iin zKm k=m enνm ivi4l iin zk4il naizn 1p*%$m i%k=in# .
a8nje4l%$m
arm
69
2.3.2 =Gi#p*, Gi#p*, a G i#p* en' iin i#p* eN11p Ai# . a814 a8nje4l3m p r3m ;k eL4il ar eN1 +zn nam ik4 e%ip A . 4 il μ]4 {A dA1n nain', ; ena#i DkKm iv4p i nm i#n Km Di eyr. 2.3.3 iin izp i n %il nm, aν;1m, i, i nG i#p* +i4 p Ain#. i ; n in a8m ur . e R#p dAL%.
e 8%e4lm i dE m iR'd i, i4n
ip i n L
iin
eRe# R#l
4p*p*
ai4i4l nud m, ape 8L +3, , i G e] +i4R# ur . ne#N i%km 1. A. Satya Vrata Singh, Vedanta Desika - A Study, p.1 2. i ir4r, ( iL%4ni - u ), ip i nm. ___ . 455 3. =8 m p m, . 104 4. i (in, '+i$ ' ir nR#ni 5. RL, A.Satya Vrata Singh, Vedanta Desika - A Study, p.3 6. μ. a8m, iz iki4 ', inm nR#NA ___ k. 266 & 276 7. =8 m p m, . 108 8. , . 143 9. , k. 121, 125, 129, 130, 137 10. , k. 131, 132, 123, 163 11. , k. 148 - 155 12. , . 162 13. k%nji4m 9.521 14. aN r4Si, Prr4 m . 75 15. μ. i i, +ri%k= ami4mL (i N1m m) . 32 16. , . 44 17. . ni μi4r, uK 8 m . 113 18. B, 17. 8 - 10
70
n iin i ena#iL 3.0
i
ena#i4in
i#p*m
ikeL
;
il 4ilin# i1μm im il n iin =m μnν kpe R'L%. n iin i ena#iL enνm ivi4l BniR=G i e 'il uL% ena#iμ#L R#i +i i4r J' +yKp e 8N4y ain#. i en +zr%6m +zr Dik= r 6m i$' ip p dA n L% . i \ rGi i=nrk J1l rm μ 4 L,
k%in +n {1R# iR= 4. ar%in uyk 8i4 i i#l a8%pe R# . Fni μm, 4μm, μm ik8 in in#. el8m BdEn i4 m a14 NAm en# nakil n a8LeDi46m i8k 6m i#n n i8E% u 4k dE naiRi#n. i#in
a83L%
rn rn
in,
a
=#i m nl R'L3m i4n i#r. ar ip i n il p 1 i#n i88L * in8%i4 eyi4 urk= a#iK' iG ' 8m e B ' en l aDp* iAi#r. ip i n il i m e % an L% . iv4il, ip i n 1R e 8N4il i e 'm i1m, i4in n, a L, i nr, i%kp Ain#.
N*=
naiL,
L
+i4
3.1. 3.1. ip i n il i e 'i1m n in iDil 1 G d1p A i8 nan= i n L +=m. iR'L n , Dl, am, l, 2l enνm Ln i n L i1kp e #il. enji4 en m ip i nm en' i#p*1n d1p Ain#. i na4i iv4p i nm en A o p ' i nm' en'
71
d1p e 'in# =#ip iAin#r.
n4k
y4 r
BzkN1'
i8E4r%l i dE e=kp e R' i8μ#4y i]m n ir a8%iG ey izp 1R i n 3m ip %p i np 1l3m ip i nm epe 'm. ip i nm +zrL a8%iGey iv4p i n A r pe 'm Br u14l ip i nm enνm i8nam e R'L% . i8l a8Li=n i#n Ei4 i E il i i6m ki6m 4ileNA ir 4ip E48%i4l i ip i nm en' na4i ivi4p i n e1 i#p* #4y iD nain# . 1 ip i n il an BzΝm i4il m.
1l
e4ik
1. ai8 nji 39 2. ai i m 56 3. ai8ii 37 4. m 21 5. m 54 6. eyi ni4m 29 7. a1kp 11 8. a8 njm 11 9. i i 10 10. i8Gin 11 11. ni8 nam 13 12. i8ni G 8k= 10 13. 4G 8k= 12 14. G 8k= 11 15. Br i m 21 16. μmik 10* 17. nai 10 18. i n m 18 19. + nai4m 21 * μp 1l%il i8 i1kp e #il.
72
RJ#i4 405 1l3L +' 1lL i8μ# 4in' 8in#. ai8 nji4in 18-+m 1 'on#*l' en# 1l eyi ni4 in 4-+m 1 an L% . ai8 nji4in 30-+m 1 'i i L R#i4' en# 1l iRi R# 31n, a ai8 nji4in 38-+m 1 an L% . ai8 nji4in 34-+m 1 'rk=m i8L' en# 1l, 4G 8kin 12-+m 1 ain# . ai i in 44-+m 1 'u r m' en# 1l eyi ni4 in 9-+m 1 an L% . ai i in 'oNe1E4L i83m' en# 46-+m 1l ai8ii4in 10-+m 1 i% =in# . eyi ni4 in 17-+m 1 'a ii i 48%%p en# 1l i8Gin4in 10-+m 1 an L% . in +' 1lL ip i n inN
e 8L'
+yKp e 8N4y an 1l%in eNik 399 +=m. iR'L a1kp , i8ni G8k=, 4G 8k=, G 8k= +i4 nanin 1lL i4in e 84$m 1rk= i#n a8L* i$m n4$m o8 i%k=. m, 1nνk= i#n p ' nal=G dAin# . il in i#p G dAm nai4il, i4in i#p*m aR= u 4$m $m naiR=m i#n a83m i# ir l uL% =#3m d1pe 'in#. i i p i# nl3L Fni m, 4m, m R#i4 i%k %il i nai;14in e 8 dE$ kp e 'i# . i#ν14 84G dAm 1l3m an u 4μm νy naiR#4 i4n m. 6m i8L *8< p i i4y naiR m d1p Am. ai G i m, ai8ii +i4R#in 1lL i4in J'L R# udeNAL%.
73
+zrL, + i4r%in 84 eNi ik=m nai4i6m Brk= arL i4 e%ii n44 n in dAin#r. μni i4r a8%i4 Di4i4 μm u p $m dAin#r. enji4 1l%il 1n in R#NE4 njr o]'L u kpe 'in#. e 1G dEn, ip i np 1l3L i4in e%i, + i4n ui, o8 μ#4 eyl, i a L, L, 1n in N *=nr nai, 1r N*L, e 8, i#ν14 8, i#n u 4μm ν4i8 l, *8< p i i, a1km nal=l, am a' l, R#' l, BAnal=l +i4 J'% uL%1ki4 ' i' eνm e 8N an L% . BA nal=l ki ena#ik=m u i4 eiνm d 4G iena#i R' 4 n in in J'm n4l, i = i$1n i k p Ai# .
'nami nup rna p r k 1Br'
2
en' n in, njina p 8%%in a83 4l d1p e R#r en naik k . iv4il eme 8r i νя in ii;d1 e%ip A i4A ki 4 %4n#iG, ' ie4νm 4μm μn$14 ' en' 1l%il e%ip A ir. en
μ
k%nji4μm i G dEk J'4il,
'irm ie4n ip d1 d 4 nair m eyr' 3
na
en' =#ip idA ki# . n iνk= μnE4G i i% u r e8ir. ir μn i4r3m +zr3m =#ip il dE4 i% K L%r. i#G 1nn i mSn ep An; a ai8 nai4 a1n; eli 6m Bn n eme 8i1m N*=ik NAm. 4μm B4in
74
μm
iG i44
R*' ik
J'in#.
+zrL 8m N*= m 1j1 *p A i u kin#r. i νr ii;d1 ena#ip 1 i%ki anena#i4i4 i4$m =#ip idAL%r. aDi4 i r iL (44+ d1m),
'B4il ki4 iR= a i4 iiki# ' en' eme 8r B ;4 il a8%iG ey L%r. R# Si %$m i 4 $m eNA '> Sn
p i4$m in m iiki# ' en eme 8r i8KL%m; en' S4 4 il Si in e%ik J#i$L% 48m a#i4m.4 en' J'nFm μni i4r ii Di% e%in u r n i en e%iK# u m. i 4 e 84 urn ir nR#ni$m
uR'nain E4 uy r l Re#n'm in#ip k1in - e 'p r μE i i]pe 8%m (i. nR. 40) naNΝ n en# 1il i8l aE4i *=il n in dE4 {A d1k =#ikin# . iR#e4lm nak=4il DiDi4G d1pe R# i R#i4 8 k% μ#p A i$m p A i$m nr n in en m, ak8 k% 1eDi, ip i % nl%il dE$ k=m n4i4 m izp i n %i6m e%ip A i uL%r en *=m. ; 4 iR= 2R#m n n in i#in an p e '4 i#ip 4n en'm avn iR= i#G 1 Di en'm p 1 m i n %il J#i$L%r.
ar
i4i
i$' i4A
μm
75
a iR= r ik iznr +r. i m
irm
i
n
i n %4 in
naie R'L% .
*p A R#
arm
i n %in Dik m. 3.2. 3.2. i4in n μkip R#iνk= i4 Di%p ki4μm i i ena#i$m d1pe 'in#. ivi N1νL ki4 iR=k rm, \m μ EnaiL p e 'in#. Si \ rGi, r %il ], na r %il ], ip 4n% y l μi4Km ki4Di4il i# a1 νk= u i4 n% ain#. ip ki4 iR= '4 i d1pe 'i# . y4 r,
'nai4 i i, i, a1km, m 1 l, nai4)m, #*l, 41, il1, njm, anji en' J#p Am' 5 en' =#iki#r. iv' e 4r%il d1p Am ik= aEp 1 i#n l eL3m an =m. i 4 an in e] ie4νm i i4R#p i.+r. na imn Bzk N1' =#ip iAin#r.
i#n B eL3m an* i eil ivn* Ep E4 %rn i#i1 n i84 e#$m e 8d A nai4 i4il eNA e6 m. i i'i4il i8; i#n a k 1%$m idAidA en4 *i1 eL. nan a %%iin'm un iAip n en# B4in i'ip =i4il J'm i i ena#i4il rk=m. i i ena#i4 a i6m u4rnena#i en in 8 . 6
76
ki ena#i4i6m i#n l an* 2R Am eiνm ki4il d1p Am e, nai4 μ ad1 %k 8i i4R#i4 in B8yl nai]m. e, i4p in R#i naiR#l un e n in m i n %il =#ip idA ki#r. 3.2.1. 3.2.1. i - i%km i en ; i n in 4k 8 =m. k4 ivK zil {1R#m a1k 8i4 Si L e]n. Br k= i#n a%i Sni n4 # keN14 i n i46k=k m. il i8i$m e44i. iR#iin' iA 1 i# NE41 Di. ki, i i en# i NAm ivDi4in %=m. kiena#i kL l keL% i4 . ap Ep d1rL i#4 mk 1 R'ik=m u 4k eLin#r. i# a1n u zin i1r%n an i8Ek Bz i8 i4 iP i mν e%iil e ' ivK 4=m. i i ep Am. iG i4 i n,
+ B4 S $m aR#k p R'm e 'p $m p R'l 8m 4$m eme 8i1m )rp m ey , i nai> m, nai4m, i4m, i, i i en' eRL Fm elp Ai# . 7 en' i%k=i#r. y4 8m,
im Lik= i#pe 8% u G4m +=m. a i#pe 8%in e 8d1 +=m en# E i#pe 83k= u4irpe 8% +i4 iAm \pe 8 Li4 u 4m enνm =m. am i ep Am. 8
77
en'
=#ip n
Fm
Bνk=m
i#νk=m
narin#
i1e%i4G i4 e%iil nai p*i# en *=m. en n iνm,
m i N1 4i 8 %6 Kmi8l m i NAm ep R#inam 4 L na naNi naniz nadEl aEe4lm il ur i u1neL3 ' =#i (i. i . 74) en# 1il i4in n4$m i#k84$m dAi#r. iG i4 μkik= i4 Di4k eL% NAm. iDi n3k=k keL%k J1 . ik BzkΝm 1il e%iK A in#r.
e n izn i8 L *li4 *l6nl n e Ap p e n n ν m n 41ni1 8L ey$m iGi4n e nE na1n m*#m +renel eyiE (i. i . 112) 3.2.2. 3.2.2. + i4r + i4r Di4il 1l i#4ν p e #G i . BrL kiena#i4G ey4 =i4R# y i8k4il i4p in R'in#r.
ki
eyrk=m
i
i#in
i8KL% l na E4p n 86m i# u 4$m $m naiR#6m inena#i4 + i4r 8k=m up 4iR'. i in id m i8ni m, 4m, m +i4 Fn#νL3m d1p Am. ik8 p PrG i4r 8m DiDi4 u G B8y4G eyin#r. i zm + i4r u i e]4 n in,
78
u i i]m u Fn#in μmFn'm i μ e%ii r - μ i8 F #4in μEr μilNn B #ir ir
(i. i . 7)
ip 1il
'u i i]m u Fn#in μmFn'' enνE4in e 8L, 'Fn' i4 inN a1 i4 on e 83m' en +=m. ip i nK
en'
=#ip iAi#r.
ipe 8d%, i8ni il Fn' ar L: 1. eme 8i1m nam S )rp i l, 2. nam >ik NE4 14 )rp i l, 3. >i in )rp i l en . 4 il Fn' ar L: 1. u 4m, 2. n, 3. (ai 44i4) i ie4Di en . il Fn' ar L: 1. 1 n ey$m i4m, 2. 1nνk= eme 8n ey$m i4m, 3. 1n in n i8kNE4 μ# en . en'
=#ip iAi# .
i %
+ i4r
9
nan=rn
e%in B1νk= e iikin#r. a814 aEGd1p in R#i 48m uyl NAm. n in ik8 k BzkΝm 1il i$' in#r.
nEk B] D$m i i8l e nEk Rin# *Ni4r Nin *#ir μnEp r μ46 lar 4e4p (i. i . 204) inE r na1n e 8m m 2'
79
3.2.3. 3.2.3. i4in e%i ki4 iR=k =p i iKL μn4. 8m, \m μirn ki4 il e6 m. ki4il ki, \m, ki en# Fn#$m 1n in +n {1R#m i46m. iR#il {A d1 in i e=iL oDi4k i8kNAm. ui idA naB =m BNAm BNAm eyl NAm. i 4 i1rL i4il il. en n in,
8e \e al N1 u4ir8m ek il =m a8#4l 8nai4il innaL elm aE4 a4 Nm eNi 8μ1 4ru k 4 #in ken aEkm zGi NE i8% e186m i i4 nan iND eG rin # (i. i . 102) en# 1il 8m, \m, ki 4m irn i4il {A A R*' i#r. inena#i R#i a#i\rm 8 kL nai yG dE$ kp Ain#. i. xn,
kirk p Ep E4 n 4%m. +l i i4 e8 u1E4 ReL%m. i#in l4i6m a8%i6m P nam ik n μR# ai1m op 1 i i4=m. 10 en' =#ip iAi#r. na. p*e dE4r,
ki ena#i4 el 6m aν;EkμE4 . + u4rnr, znr, R#r, lr en# ' A in#i el 6m ReL%kJE4 ena#ie4n#ik N1r eyi%km e R# r. a i i ena#i4=m. 11 eni#r. .i . n,
80
el8m e%i ReL% k 4il ani8p i ena#i4=m. *p E inena#i4 +n, u zii8n iA e 'R= i4 enena#i4=m. +zrL + ki ena#i4 i$' i6m arL i=i4 i$' i ena#i44. 12 en' 8 ki#r. μ. i i$m,
i# a1$m rk %in 3L ki ena#i4$m i i ena#i4$m i#p p m 4m. ivi N1νL3m i i ena#i4in e%i4$m a8m in R'R= i4 an i4l $m eA Geli an n4p *p A rL +zr3m +G i4r3m. 13 en' =#ip iAin#r. ik8 L 4Km i4in n R'm e%i4$m ki ena#i4in a8 R'm i1r%$m in =#ip iAin#. i a14il o8μ# ey . ki ena#i4il av#n'. u4ir u1iin' naB =m
ki4 il i14# naine#] NAm. Ln 31n JE4 i4 e#n'm 8 i#n i8E44 8i
ReL%
NAm.
i#νk=
up
i4 %G ey . i4 o8μ# ey en n in,
uEL a1in#n ene#8l u
a$mii en r l anjek m m m ark= D i$mm ii% =m aK14 a8%%r aE4i4 41n (i. i . 243)
81
en' =#iki#r. 6m o8μ#G N*=n B in 8 zK ]R# en n in RJR#k J'in#r.
i8l aE4i rn izn Ee # i8na n N iN N + in1m o8naL u k u4ir8 ni m i4nam 8naL ]R' ]m 4 in nν (i. i . 35) nν14 3k= anjiG Br i4 ReN1 in L i#ν14 84l an' iAin#. Br m a#i44l ' m eyiAr' en#njil ap dA 'μ# i ey4m. i 1n i#= a#in a#i4 m eyp kl . i i 4Gi G i ep Ai# . 14 + ev4i6m B8k= m ril. in o8 nai4il dA 'μ# i aνikp Ai# .
il
o8
nak iR
o8
μ#
1 m en m annakμm μkik= i4 nad1y i8p in iG i#p* en m u m. e%i4 μ#4il + i4n a83 dA an Di4il u 4μm νy naiR=m i# eNiG N*l NAm. i i4 L
Fn#νL3m
d1pe 'm
inena#i4
iKm
e%i4 en 6m 48m inena#i4 ReL%m en 6m n in il in i#p G dEk J'i#r. ap 1l 8',
elrk=m e%i 2R# 6m ii$ k i4 i k 6m elrk=m a%6m a 6m i iy #k=m 6m lrk=m R#rel r 6m Nν μEmE μE 6m nalrk=m B4rk=m i nan#m na R a1ky naΝ= B
(i. i . 200)
82
RΝm 1l i#ena#i%il uDn' +n {1R#m a14 μE4r3m i4il {A dA uyi1m eνm 8 il i zm il akp dAL% .6m 8m μ a1 i4 ki ena#i4il +n > m e #Km o8 Di4il i in#i44 . iG i ki ena#i4in el4il n op 1p y a$m. i4in i = i#p n in,
i %in ii$rn rL i i R i4$m \ $ 8 %$m ik l ii nain#nai..... (i. i . 113) en' =#ip iAi#r. a iiνm a i kiena#ik=m i eνm e%i4 i4p in R#i 48m uy4m en in ude 8% ai# . e. i4i n BzkN1' J' m u% e% k .
1K%4 m z μk eNA 1K% a1R= i4 ena#i% ove8 4 iRR G iR# a k eN1r. i4, i i4, 4m, \m eG rL J#ie in kiena#i, rena#i, \ena#i, i i ena#i e rL = keNAL%r. elR#$ kiena#i \ena#i e i NEl a1kik J''m uNA. a ena#i%i6m a1kena#i al i ena#i ( i i ena#i) en A8i naiR#$ m. 15 ir%l ey4p Am i en in 84 + k eN1 . ak8 in#l i en 4ill =m. + 84p e ' i4in eR#i4=m. kiena#i4il, i#ν14 84p e 'l e%in'. e%i ik8p R#iνk=G i4 naRi i n=m.
en
n
iin
i1
83
3.3. 3.3. i a L i4G ey$m nai4il keL3m μ#4in EnaiL ' ik= i4 a L' ep Ain#. ui4il i18R' 8n m n m a14 n +n {1R#k eLi#n. eme 8in iv4 = % urn , aE i4 B m Di k=m ui4in i'k=m m8ni naiRi#n. ivKi4l inl B Km m Km i4 u 4p R'i#n. i4p R'm nai4il i Diμ#% NE4 i# i μ] e 'i# . avDiμ#L 8'; 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
aνJi4 l m i iJi4 rm rp N4m im p 8 m +n nai> m
i4in a L R#i zi4R%nji4m,
i +' a %p i ikp dE8ki# . aνJi4 l m (Anukulya Sankalpa) i iJi4 rm (Prati kulia varjana) im (Maha Visvasa) rp N4m (Karpanya) p 8 m (Gopdrutva Varana) +n nai> m (Anma nikshepa). μRJ#i4 i#n +p E na1kG =μ14 m . al a m aDin iAi# . i N1m a m i#νk=p iEkR# o kiiAl. Fn#m im i#n a8%il μ] nam ik =m. nanm a m rp Ni4m en r rk 4, \ rk 4, ki rk 4 in R#i8p . i iK p n4 2R A i# . Ln p 8 m en i#in 44 eir r i8 l. 1i4 + naid m en n op 1 l. 16
84
en' =#ip eN k . ii, iv %in μ#p , n in,
ivi 4k=p i - aνJi4 R μm, i i Ji4rμm rp N4μm iμm p 8 μm 17 en' S4 4 il dE$ ki#r. ip i n il a1kp i6m ik= i4 1lL i1me R'L%.
ai8ii4i6m a %k =#ik=m
nain8% i4n#i Re#n' iln enaA m iDey nai Dinn un83k= ii nai$ nn un enνm iK PN1n ni8%y nain#nai e4k= Br rm zGi i n un in8%l iie4kr R #l eni8l a1k eL en naB4 (i. i . 126) enνm 1il i a L d1pe R'L%. aνJi4 aνJy
l
i8k=m
nai4=m.
i#νk= aνJy
ep m i8kk
8 , 4 ena#iil i#D i#n up iR= # naiR#=m. +N1L m 1il,
" U4y n nam Ur Ui e] 4il E il inik 4 iD$m *=8n. . . . . . . "
(na. 478)
85
en' =#ip aνJi4 l iR= i4y ai# . iv4il 'un83k= ii nai$ nn' (i. i . 126) enνm aE4il aνJi4 l m d1p Ai# . i iJi4
r
i#νk=
eirp
e4l% idAiAm nai4=m. eirp e4lL en , i# n3k=p e 8n m μ i u 4 iR= ei i14$ e4lL. aνJy i8p R= # i8k=m e4l%G ey4l i8p in n4=m.
e ' n *nel enanjil e 8L in me i NAm i' n Lm*n L1n +4i 4il odE a' n +rG eR#m am aR#i e' n nain1n ni8 iN r 4 (na. 1458) en# 1il i8 4zr m i'% oDi G 1l iv in R d1 . BG e4lL eyiin' naB i naiR=m i iJi4r , 'enaA m iD ey nai Dinn' (i. i . 126) enνm e1r ur i# . rp N4 , i# i p i#ir u 4, Di4 il m e%i nai4 ur =m. i i# k=k i; i#n#i R'p* %il k=k ii<m il en'r i naiR=m. i n4 namz in,
an#i4m o8 *i1m im en'en' aR#i . . . . . ................................... nan' naii naΝ= m nai1r e1 (na. 3983) en# 1lDi u m. iv 'nain8% i4n#i
Re#n#iln' (i. i . 126) enνE ur in# .
86
im en i#νk= ep m eNA8i, i#n ep m i1l iAn en' iAm P nam ik4=m. ini r i4in,
24 Fn' 4 %p l i i ikn'; i#i1 il l eL3' n i6L% n R#i ai1m i8p* m, 1K%in 8 namk k=m enνm u'i4 nam ik$ i ik= NE4. 18 enνm JR' im eνiv in 4 eA p y ain# . i#n B nam ik eN1l p an 1. iG i6m i#n dE$L%n. innam ik4 namz in,
m +=m L a1nrk= elm m +l =nm eAk=m i n en#
1il
*p 1k
m.
(na. 3884)
iv
'un
enνm iK PN1n' enνE ur m. (i. i . 126). 'p 8
m'
en
i#k
k='
NAl +=m. = k=p iE l i#i1m N*kDi nk k=' NAl ain# . Br N1 i#n μ iDi4k dAil. n a14rk= an up R'% aR'il. e, nam ik$1n i# NEk eL4
μ#p E iv m
dAi# . i 4 NA i8Di4zr 1il,
i#n i#n i1rG Dikin' naB = #ni1 Re#k= 4 nalNAm
(na. 809)
enνE%l u m. iv 'ni8%y nain#nai4
ek= Br rm zGi i n un' (i. i . 126) enνE%l u m.
87
+n nai> ken' eN1 e 'p*%k %n , nk p m i#n e 'p e rn , n i#i1m a1ky op 1 =m. i#νk= aνJ4i8p μl ai1m NEk eL3l 4i nai%k 1n in +n nai> m eL%pe 'm. innai4il i#in 8$1n m e 'R= i8p i i4, +r i i4 i n4 i8 4z in,
Br
ν1k = m i i$m nn m en' i8nn ν1k i8iνk i eL enaAm 1li 1ny
1r.
(na. 1006)
en# 1in Di u m. i 4 J' 'in8%l ii
ekr R#l en i8l! a1km eL en naB4s (i. i . 126) en# aE%il d1p Ain#. uk= $n eDin #K=m i iK e #Krn i4nl e i G ie8 *il #i4n iLGi nark8 nanal a1ky a1n (i. i . 241) en# 16m ik= i4 a %G dA. ip 1il
'uk=m
a
un '
en
i#νk=
aνJy
i8k =m = %k keN14G dAi# . 'u
a m
oDin '
en ,
i#n
a L, e4lL Ji4r G dAm.
i8KL% iR=
4Km
oDin
naiR=m
# i i
'*il #i4n' en# aE #8 R#il rp N4y m e%i4G dEnaiR=m. 'i iK e #Krn ' en# aE i#n iNyk p R'n en' naiR=m
i G
dAi# .
'e
i '
88
en nFm i#n y nain' kNAm p 8 m
d1pe 'm.
ivn
a %$m
1n
+n
nai> i4 i i46m. iG i, '8 na nal
a1ky a1n' en l ur p Ai# . +n nai> a1kp i6m, i83m i8EKm i883m eL%#iKm a84i $μ#Km a%p i4 aE4 m 8Dip %ip p*m ki nain# a8L r nai4ikil ame nan aizn (i. i . 246) en'
n
in
=#ip iAin#r.
ip 1l
+n
nai> iR= i%ky a 1n arm kiG i#p p *p A Km ai# . i4i4 +n nai> μm Fn' J'%yp =kp Ai# . a4, 1. +n rp m 2. rp m 3. rp m ip i n il n in 'μki4 ni m dE4 Fn#il nai$14r' (i. i .60) en' =#ip iAi#r. 'Fn'' en , +ni4 $rn op 1 l; k= 'i4il en'rn n n k=m e4 op 1 l, *8<r il 4R#i8 l +i44m. imFn' μ#4 +n, , rp %yG d1p Ain#.
een i4n en m in#i en' n$m - uen' n R n y yp il (i. i . 25) n % n N en# 1il F4G d1p Am +n nai> m =#ikp Ain# . ivnp R#i4 uN4i urn a i#νk u i4 ; i#νk= u1m n4i
89
μ in%l e%iK eNA nG N* NE4 e 8%k eNA *=i4 +n rp m μi8 aE%il d1p Ain# . k= NE4 +n {1R# iR=G N*= e%i4Di; n keL3m e 'p*, Brk= il. ape 'p $m i#i1m op 1 i4 rp m 'uen' n R n y' en# aE4il d1pe 'm. in rp 'nan# 8elm nak=p m on#i' (i. i . 18) enνE4i6m d1k m. ivim op 1 G N*νk= BA #il en G ey$%in {R#E =#ip iAi# . (i. i . 25) BA R#i NEG N *=m nai4il a 4 D =6m i#ν14 e 'p 4=m. Brk= a n4il 4, L4 na8l 4il. y NE4 nal=m e 'p* i8614 en $m Brk= i4 nai%$m ip i n L n in i%k=in#r.
nr iNr r i#e4n'm n8 r anr Li a m μE r an*14rk= en n en#nam i i i i8l μnm 8ni a1km eN1nam μki4
(i. i . 59) en# 1il y NE4k 8i1NE4 i8iν14 e 'p* en e%ip A i#r. 6m i#in i8k84il L4m eL%NE4il en ,
y4 r #4Ν 4ii4n L4m a' 1 l aR#i naB
(i. i . 106)
en' i#p Km μnik JR#yp *p A i#r. +i i4r i8ni in r y an e 8Lid k =#ip iAm i1 L R#i6m imFn#ip R#ik =#ip iAi#r.
90
iG i4 Ln μ14 en'm +# μ14 en'm dAr. aνJi4 l m, i iJi4 rm, rp N4m, im, p 8 m +i4 Ln a 3m +n nai> i4 ik= a %y an , aR# u14 +n nai> m a i4y ai# en# 8 u14rL ik= Ln a L en' dAr. 19 a;1 4 il i en $m yk 8 l +n nai> m en# i *=m nai4$m yk eNA +# m u14 i en 8m u%r. 20 iv L Fm n ey4NE4, ik k, nam ik eL% k +i4 d1 e 'm. n iin i i, naLe'm n keL%NE4 ena#i%G dAm 4il an L% . aνJi4 R y iR#p in R'4il B4 o]'L i#k84l naB =m. i1 nam ik n#i ni4 e%ip A ik k=m E N* un m. 6m en 4
Br
iv L
i#G
i
i1nam ik
NAm.
i#i1 G
N*
uNr in#.
a1$μn
i#n
innam ik$1n
NAm
*6il p n
en#
i#i1
n
d4p *p A iG N *NAm. i = =k =dE n 4 R#ik eN1 nai4il aGin#i i8k=m naie4 . en i4 il P, n =dE4 vK' i#8L B i1 i%$m en r. i * i i4 ReL% 21 eni# . i8;Si ay4 r,
i'μ4Ri4
+ nai> i4 p ik= i a L en i m i 4m . . . . . p 8 i# p ik= R# Ln m )m i S L en en i4 m i 4m. 22 en' =#ip iA i eN k .
91
3.4. 3.4. i nr μ ip ' a1R= i4 Di% ReLr ai i ep Ain#r. arL kiena#i, i4i4 i iena#i eνi N1νL 2νm on#p R#i i# naAr. d il {A A dAm ir%, 'μμd' en *. imp 4n3k= i4 Di A%k idA, d p e # Di4$L% e4l%G ey4 μR An e 8dA i zm =#ikp Ain# . ki4 p in R' r kr i4p in R' r i nr en'm =#ikp Ar.
en'm
n in μirGi$1n e, nai4m μ a 31n 84m, \4m, ki4m μR#in Diμ#L urn aR#il {A Am r kiena#ik= i4 ai i4r. el8m kiena#ik= i4r +r. = =i$m 8p Am on#=m. ' ey 4, ' Di44 na1 a#i4 n na 4 m en'rn n a1ky 8m 48m i ik= i4 ai i%r. eiνm a 4 BrL ek i6m n i4 e 8L en' 8 +zn an in$1n i8 i# m en' u i8 J1 . i 4 n$14r i i ena#i4il N*=n μ ip '
a14
i4 .
kiena#ik= i4
ai i%y
a4r 48m i ik= i4 ai i%m. i i ena#i4il ai i% i8k μE4r ki ena#i4i6m na1k i4 .
in E
ev%K
{A dEl i i$' p Ai# .
zn 4iνm
ena#i4il
uN4
BA #14m
en
i nr en# el i i en# elE4yp i#n . i.+r. na imn i i R#i,
a1km * (to take refuge with) al i8K%k =#ip iRi (to piously resign) enνm e 8314 ' i ' enνm el i i ena#i4 uL% . . . i i
92
en# el i n i4l uii8n Bdk JE4r i#n o8 en urn ai1m k 8=m. 23 en' =#ip iAi#r. ip i i4i4 i4il 'a1km
*= r' en# e 8%il i nr en# el +%p Ai# . 3.4.1. 3.4.1. 1$mμn Br n in i n yG 14k 8 μn i8k=m Brm nai4p in μl Ln nai%il dAin#r. a 8', 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
im eL3l BN iR= 8n l +4' l id= anjl μ ik= i4 Di%il {A Al
RN1R'L im eL3 ui4l in L e i e '6m i8in a8 = % ur zin 4n en' eL36m +=m (i. i . 134). i k m +n {1R# iR μ4Ri%il {A 1 nai4 eNi m %rl i N1m nai4=m. i n in,
nai' r il enaAnaL uDn# N1l e' + ena#i 4eLi 1 i r% (i. i . 136) eni#r. ui4l zk4il +4'l Fn#m nai4=m. iil ui4in i' R*' ik J#p Ai# . i in, 'n d1 i1m i ikin# i' 4n' (i. i . 137) en' 8ikin#r. ui4l i' urn k riL BNAm i#i n 2R A iiAm en#njl nanm nai4=m.
93
(i. i . 140) innan= nai$m 1n in, μ ik= i4 DinaE naiR# +n uyik=m e #iG i4il {A Al Lnm nai4=m. i,
8 4il8m d1m Dik=m 8 14r o8l e 8=m u4in μ4n'm an#i$m nam i8l aE4i iN e i m 8l ii4 e 8i eNΝ (i. i . 142) en# 1l i%k=i# . ivnm nai4il > 4p kiena#i al i ena#i4il Br {A Ar en' =#ikp Ai# . eiνm i ena#ik=m ip EnaiL e 8n in {NA i%kp d1. i4ik =#ip iA4il 'nam i8l aE4i iN =m e' (i. i . 142) en' J' i4il ar eN1 e 8i urk dAi# . 3.4.2. 3.4.2. 1rk= u i4 N*L 1r ( i nr) 1R= i4 i =ip A% u'i4p e #NAm. a ik=G B {A A 1n μ i #14Km naiR=m. i μ#4, 1. +injn4m 2. an4 i m ep Am. +injn4
'
u 4 %il
{A 1
i4
i 4i4 i#G N*=i4 4 4m ey4 i8m*in#
nai4=m.
innai
Si \
rGi
il4 = 4#% ki μ ena#i%il {A 1 i4 naiR=m nai4=m. i n4 namzr,
a8=m Am e iK m an e 8=m ii en. . . . . . . .
(na. 2591)
94
en' =#iki#r. i n4il n iνm
iμ R#il ie4k=k J1l e i$m uDn#E i% i]m m l (i. i . 237) en# aE%il +injn4 nai4 eA ki#r. nal i id m u14 =8 μl namzr 'm 2 m a#i4m' en' nk dEkeL3m n4i4 'n + i4n' ep e 4r e R# iνm 8ikeLi#r. i arm an in e%i4p *p A i# . an4 ii1 %il
i μ i4 i p {A A il i8 i p
i# i#
ey % na1 +=m. i# k= +n {1R# ln. an#i ' e 6m k= μ ip ' a%ik i4 . i# ey L a%ik=m a8L n 4Km aR p n%4 n naiR=m en' Br 8 r. i zm iNk 8i i# ie4 i n a1k 8l an4 i m +=m. i n i8 4zr 1il,
R'mr eym u%en' i8p A uR#in uR# μn aE4rk= aE Re#lm iνm naini8ed e1] m (na. 1740) R'nan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . e
e%ip Ai# .
n
i 4
in
an4i ,
1μE4n μen' irμm elm a14ip 4i aDin iAm ENA E L i i4 Ginar a ii i i1μ14 a8%%r i4EL a1n (i. i . 238)
95
Brk1in i e4n n ik i y iNi8%m 1 naBkip rk1n i84y nain' m k1k 1 in#n {rk= k en i#r in m e]nDi$m =iDie4 in oDinm (i. i . 121) en' i%k=in#r. +injn4Km an4i Km m B n4 urn μ ip R#il {A A dAm n u14 4rk=m i#n a8L* in. n nai4k J#i i#n i8E%il op*keAkin# i4 3m aR# i%k=i# + i4r%in u 3m e%iikin#. RdE4 nai4il i8k=m 48m i ik= u i4 ai i%yp i nr e k . i n4 n in,
ni L #in#i Di aDi4 ni L m6m R'μ% u 46m n NA aE ir ark=m a8L* i$m in eR* i#4r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(i. i . 239) en' =#ip iAi#r.
anr ani4r el4il nain# a =m enan μ nu1 i ani4 y n1$m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (i. i . 56) en# 1il = o]k 6m i# u 4kA46m +injn4 n$1n i8 μi8 aE%i6m an4i i N1E4in {R'GB i6m n in *p A i#r. 6m il {A A i8nln μ ip ' i#
i46m.
'NAm e 'm 4n Be1n##in . . . . μ=nE PN1n#i R#r *en' ie4 nain#r' (i. i . 54) ek =#ikin#r.
NE
NAl
en
96
i 4 aEp 1 =i%A naR= L iKm i n i1 a4 NAm. ik= % zi4R%nji4m,
i rk il kn μ]nam ik$1n i#i1m n op 1 l NAm. i ' Ell el +nk3k=m μ i4%ikk JE4 rkm i. i#8k= B ey4, *1km, 4, ni l, a#iK, m, i4m, uN μi4 edA = L ani8 l NAm. 24 en' i%k=i# . я44lяi 4n,
ei1m u4rn eN L uL% an 1K% a14 =i$L%G elp Ai#n . . . . . . . . . [ik] = L nai#n )= 1K%i1m i4R4 uL%. av# 1K%G 1n ap Pяik=m kr%i1μm an nal = L 1K%8%l 2R Ain#. ivi nal eNm 1 kr% 1K% a14, rk =i$L%rL. 25 en'
naR= 3k=m
ik=m
uL%
i4
e%iK A i#r. BdEn naA4il naR= L i8 i#n en n in,
nan#i B4i en' nain#r nal8%l en' *n% BE NAm e 8m 4 (i. i . 53) en' =#ip iAin#r. Si
\ %il rGi e R# 4i8n m kiena#i ik l 4i8n m n in e%i$m naR=μm nai m i4 i44 i8m*i#r. 1n G i#p i m J'i#r.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Di ie4νm r*1nR e#n# a k eL%r an*
(i. i . 208)
en# eyi ni4 in z ki n i a1n p R'm N ur i# .
in
97
3.4.3. 3.4.3. i nr i#G 1in# d1p Ain#r.
1 r,
ev
aR#iEp 14il
nak %il BzkN1'
1. i8p i nr 2. +r i nr i8p i nr k= iμE$m m k i8n , in iP i mν i4 μ ip ' a1r. 6m ivKi4il n %ii8n Bdi4i$m 8i naiR r.
'%y n m %4 oDiy %N R#in' (na 3425) en' namzr =#ip a p e 'p*%$m i#i1m op 1 a8L BA ' 8m naki i8p =m. +r i nr
ui4l
in %il
R'keL%
u1E4p i mν aν ik eNΝr. B dAm '+r n' en# nai$14νm ui4l %%k d1' i# naE naiR=m n4i. = zr
'nain4 nNE naBL elm N1n' (na. 696) en m i n4i +=m. i8;Si ay4 r,
in p n 8pn en'm +r n en'm i84Km i ip NA. anai r 4 arG iBA A μR# B in μEi >m i1 l en' i8p n 8pn ep Ai#n. )m) il i8p k e]n ide1 i$m ena8p ii8p*p nai p a1il 4 1n ' > i8m* n +r n ep Ai#n. iv%K ki4m nai#n in uil iKm i1 R i4n. 8pνk= r (na1k=m) B il ai4m aν ik NE4
98
p p e4Din p p r $m )nji r $m k=in#n )rG n. +r νk= +r i4in k= k' inG B il aν ik NE4 r i6m o8 =i4p kiiAi#n. 26 en' i nr 4$m i nrk= i#in 84$m dAin#r. ivi8p i nr R#i$m n in m i n %il dE$ ki#r.
*6il il e n8LN AR#rk=m ai an rk=m an#n 8LeA p l D =l iEik=m 4 L ain en'#$m a ii i a8Nμi(i. i . 255) en# 1il *6il il e n8L NAR#r en i8p i n $m 'ai an r' en +r i n $m dAm.
Bm rniA ir in e 84il U Lan i L yn njl8m m Dini1k J#i4 m =#i nain#m i = nam i# m Np K m 4 (i. i . 15) en# 1il 'J#i4 m =#i nain#m' en i8pp i n in n4i o in# .
enje %r Ur B m nenl i]n μni 4 4rn Bz R= μnm anjl anjl anjl en# %ik NAm aG aE4 rk=m a8%i 4k=m aE4rk=m ey4 (i. i . 364) en# 1il R'm μn a1km eN18% NAm en +r i n in n4 o in# .
99
e#i48m r3m naB$m iNil iNrL aEm1 i8k=m n =#4 i4R#i aE eL%l ='e8 nanLnaB =#i i 14
(i. i . 107)
en# 1i6m '='e8' eνm e1r +r i nr iN$1n i n μ ip ' NAR#4 =#iki# . 3.4.5. 3.4.5. 1n p *zl a iiνm a i kiena#i4p in R' i1 e%i i4p in R' 4 n in m i n %il *zin#r. i i4 i$' m arm eNp ki e%iK' i# . nm i8in e 8% a%i1μE4en' =#ip iAm. i8in i8E4 k= a1kyk eN1 i n in e 8$m a n4=m. n a1nr ep Ep d1 4iνm nai 4 m i% o zi ark= nal=in# i#in 84 iR=k i# . e%i4Di4l u4rn p e 'm i n n in,
uN $ k=m #%il i4 u r N 4%p i in n Dl ir N i1k %K en# i4p im (i. i . 72) uN u r n i u4rn
en' Pr i4r JR#k =#ip iAi#r. 6m 1nr m u4r N*%,
#$ k=m e 8e%lm eye4n' rr ni4Jr i$14r N= iR =#$ k naiilr =8kL m l R# me R#r eLr nan i#%rk=m inr l i4 iNi4n e in r e #nai il i=m*ir dAm e L (i. i . 91) e n# nane#i4il *=
100
en' R'in#r. i4il {A dAG Brk= m e%inl, ; ena#i4, 'e n# nanena#i' en' =#ip iAi#r. 6m i4in i#p urn iNi4
; ena#i4i yG dAin#r. i4Km ; in 6m i4in 6m n in eN1 +zn {A d14 dAin#. 3.4.6. 3.4.6. 1n in 1n in ey4NE4 i nr
1n in
ey4NE4
i#νk=
up eNA on#4=m. i u i8 4m ep Am. 1n inνm arL ipPi4il i8p R=k m i 4 eNA ey4k 8i4 en' n in =#ip iAi#r. arG y i]m i# =6m i8p iL ey6m iv4p i nm dAm i$m in*'6i4 naR i%G ey4 Br 1n inνm i8p 8 i#r. i,
% i4 m % nam y #i r%r an* PΝm % ik= eNA PNA e] n i L E 4Ek % D#4in Bm dAk i14 in m e ' na3m B% Ek= an* e R#m ii4il i8kin#m ii4i (i. i . 153) en# 1l u m. ip 1il 'ii4il' en i 4 eNA% 1n in Brk= i4y iikp dAL% eνm 8 il +%p dAL% . m, nm, iv4p i nm, + i4r a8LeDi iR# i i#n e 8% u
NAm. al B8k=m enj\n'm kkm na en' in a1kp il =#ip iAin#r (i. i . 245). i 4 1%G eyR= yp i#4E4rL i8k=i1 4
i1yk
eL%
i nνk= un i1m +=m. i,
NAm.
i
101
r i8L nan izn #$m Anr 4 i8p i1m n#8k r i4μm $m i i $m16m na na μm naμm JE4 nani en#
1l
u m.
i8k=i1 p
ip 1il
i8na %in
(i. i . 65)
in,
i#p*1n
aE4r
op idA p
e 8p A i#r. 6m Br 1n in iD2 m ey4 \ 4 8i i8kNA an#i iG i4in 4n en en' + yl J1 . n in, enanjeAi% ik8 ,
u' k= u k i = i8k=m m o8 iD$m *= ur i NEp e 'em i nam e R' Dp E 4l2 en #iDl naB4 (i. i . 19) en' =#ip iAin#r. 6m i \ id m a#i4 4iνm e p 1 iikp Am nai 4 r % B'l J1 . aGSi μ#% + i4n a83 4l e%in i# eNEk 8 nam. #G Si % B#iG e4l Al J1 en'm n in i$' in#r (i. i . 63). 1n in i n nai, u'i$1n 4ne 'il i8kNAm. \μm an*m NAm. i#R= aE4m n4, r i4l k 8ip 4l #k .
nal#il
iN
e #NAm.
i 4
n%k 1n in a
L n#i zKrGi4k iAl J1 . u4ir naB l i8p +R#i
i8kNAm.
i4R'k=m
u % naiRl. i,
i#ν14
102
iN=# 4k=m nai#k=m Bi4l uN# k=m u%i4il ukk=m NDi 4k=m ikk=m ik=m N$1 a8%%r L # (i. i . 244) en# 1il n in e%iK A i#r. i i4il, il =#ip i1pe 'm a im, u m, ij4, S 44m, 4m +i4 Ln m i4m ep e 'm i4 %p i nr ReL% NAm en# 8 i4 ain# .
S4 4 il n in,
ivK i k8 4 il k 4 e%n' el6i# L Fn#6m i( B4 %i6m ik h4 %i6m ) i8k=m E 27 en' J'l m, el, e4l eνm Fn' e #i3m i# eNEl p dA naiRNAm en *=m. iv4il
1nr
k=
i8kNE4
nai$m ar ey4NE4 i3m ey4 Km R#i n in =#ip iAin#r. i 4Km ; il i n +D R 1G eyy ain#. 1n i8k=m +rμm an*m μ i ' a1$m
=#4 i8 i# up k=m en# 8 i4 i R*' p Ain#. 3.5. 3.5. i4in L L BrL m +n {1R# iR=G i4 μRdE4 n%in E ReLin#r. i4 Di4yk eN1 nai4in aEp 14il a p A p Am. )n i%i 1. nai;1 2. u inai;1 3. + i4 nai;1
103
en' F4yG
dAm. i 'Snai;1G u inai;1G
+ i4nai;1 ii i ii'
28
enνE4il u m. ip
i nm nai;14$m i , 1. 2. 3. 4.
nai;1 u inai;1 + i4 nai;1 nai;1
en' nan= %G dAm. i
a%K14r a1nrk=m aν 4 eN1rk=m %K n 8% ni4 rk=m %eDir ee n inrk=m m %μE 48L r kie (i. i . 242) en#
1il
ur p Ain#.
ip 1il
'a%K14r
a1nrk=m'
(i. i . 242) en nai;14il 1n k =#ikin# . nai;1 en eme 8in iv4p e 8% urn *8< y i8%l e #p d1 4 in nuNp e 83rn , i#G 1 +n {1R#m 8m en' Bn ey$m i4=m. i# ie4n' i1Gi l e%in Bn i#i1m n a%ik=m nai4=m. a%K14r en# e1r e%in \μ14r enνm 8 il +%p dAG nai;1 a1 k =#ikin# . i n, B1n μ iv4il 1n yk eL%m. nai;14y \ e%i n in,
1 rm
U#4in uL%m % iK8m +#il +r E +in#m . . . . . . . . ............................. (i. i . 351) na 4rk nam en# 1i6m =#ip i1km.
104
'aν 4 eN1rk=m' (i. i . 242) en u i nai;14il 1n k =#i . u i nai;1 en aνJi4 l m μi4 i4in a %il e%in a#iK e # 'NArk= m nal=m' en# nam ik$1n i8 =m. i n in S4 4 i6m, aνJl4 ) l 4 %il 4 ilr an oDi4p kR' naiRi# ai μm a >i l >ik=m eni# iμm u14 yk eNA N4n a#i4p P p i r + i4 id1 ki4 ir en G eli 8 e %G m *=m μk n = r%p 'enν14
>' ek 2#i4idAk eL%NAm en en' i%kk m. 6m ni i4r dE4 4 in n4 +zn l 4 p i ik= i4 ki4k eNA i#G in4il unp dAG Bn ey$m i4=m. 'eL%k =#in NERe#lm 8m' eνm nam ik$1n ivK i nai;14il Bn i8p n 'aν 4 eN1rk=m' (i. i . 242) enνm e1r 4 in id m u l avki4 4 ik= i4 ki4k eN1 k =#ikin# . k= + narn i n '+iF' en##i4 ni ivK i nai;14il 1nk=G n#k eL%m.
'%K n a8% ni4 r' (i. i . 242) en# e1r + i4 nai;14il N*=n k =#ikin# . + i4 nai;1, n + i4r i#n l an ik 8i, nai;14y av i4r ey i4il νm a1 i4i8 l +=m. a keG N* m +i i4 eNe1n# #i, a EkBz i8n m i#n l uyk=m +i i4 in a8L nain un m, ar dE4 ena#ip E4 i8 =m. '%K nn' en + i4 $m
'n8% ni4 r' en avK % n +i i4 in a8% 8i naiR#i4 m * iin# B1rm$m =#ikin#.
105
n in nai4 im eνm n6L E4 1en#il, ' na! =81n N uL%p iE k
eNA an ui4l na1n el6i#n. enaNE 1 k=L kp dA 1k l eNA p Ai#n. in R# r a a#i4 m elp %$m aν ikin#r. ap E4 8$L% + i4n un414 Di eyi#n't30 en' =#ip m {NA eN k . )n i%i n dE4 Fn' nai;1%il + i4 nai;14 i#n en' =#ip iAin# . ip i nμm 1l%il i4n R'm.
+ i4ν14
a8%p
m m en#i i % m n8%l um r e]mi8 lun 2R=m u 4en#l (i. i . 1) nam i# i 4r R#i4 \p e 8nr +3m a1km ene# am*4 L n %i rnek =ma n K14r (i. i . 46) i8K1n n e]i R#i8 li4 8i1 en E mAm e 'mnam 8K1n n Ai 4R#il i]ne] a8K1n Ln#i ra8L ey4 an (i. i . 47) en# 1l%il + i4n 8$1n uyDi dE4 n4p R'in#r. i zm uyDi dE4 + i4 4 e] a4 ip e 8m ' keN1r i4zr +r. irm 'Ni nuNi' m*' eνm in
ik i4r in ude 8L naiRp Een enanjL nai' in k BrG1 nen nam ik=+d *k laE p 4n an#
(na. 745)
106
en# 1l '+ i4νk=G ey aE eNA 4 ' en' =#ip iAi# . i zm + i4 nai;14il {A dA i4zr uyn n in,
an rk a ik=m +4n naiR 8#L izeyn eNA n R# i n#k dAm elDi4 nalDiL ir d (i. i . 41) en' E48%ir.
'%K oDir eren inrk=m' (i. i . 242) enνm e1r nai;14il {A d1 k =#ikin# . nai;14 , i#n ', aE4r ' en' 8 U4 μ1n aE4rk= eNA * i$m n4il i# Di dAG 1l +=m. a P ai i4yG i ey4 k aE4r nai;14yG ey$m i4il, avE4rk= eNe1n# 8i4 l a1 i4i8 =m. S4 4 il n in,
'naR 4 i4il ]m m μR#Km naR 6k= uy n' en'm 'n4 nain 4iil ]m d1n en'm n' en'm el6i# i i<4 i3k=m n ki4l - i#r ki4l, μn 4l in 4l r u 4 k=NA.e ze4nil, i u )na i4l - i i4i4l FdE$m...32 en' =#ip iAl {NA eN k . na4i iv4p i n i6m +zr r aE4rk= aE4 y mk 8i nain#r. i n4 eN1 Epe E4zr,
ν%r a#i4 r en il νm % G eni4y en il 4iLey$m r%νm m ey1m 8 l *in#
(na. 912)
107
en' dAr. namz8m,
i4nF K= e #iνm y 46m *4l m l i8i amn *Pk DEkBzG 4 aE nain#r i8 L i im4 4 in m 4ne R # u' i 4νk (na. 3771) e i8in aE4iG 1n i#4E4r3k= m eN1p *p A i#r. iv4il aE4rk= eNA * i4k 8i naiR#inFm i4k 8 l nai;1 en' kp Am.
'%K oDir' en# e1r ivn en' eNΝm =R#m Din k =#i . 'ee n inrk=m' en ap r% m R# k eNA eNA* i4k 8 m nai;14i k =#ikin# . ip i nm,
a4R# + μ k1l ak1l uN1μil i4R# nani eR* e4ilnai K = l $R #en r mAm DyμE4R= io n m inrk= eNΝR (i. i . 6) en# 1il aE4r i#p i#in k 8iG dAm. a 4 r ey i nai;14il a1 i4i8k=m n4,
m a#in r i4k i% i4 Br nan = e ' nan nalE4rk= + ik aE in aDi4 #nl naBi nai' nai= 4 nain#
(i. i . 62)
en# 1i6m d1k m. nai;14y + i4 aE4 ey$m i, a8k=k BDi8n eNe1n#
108
8 m Brk= u'i4p i4 niAm en' n in dAi#r. i n4 ar S4 4 il,
+ i4 nai;1νk= μi nai44 i i4i n(il. o84il nain'm o8 4i Km )im( B il яn k%p ;4 r )m) m N a A uN1 =1l k nam u B m. 33 en' i%k= {NA i eN k . RdE44il nal4il on#k keN1i6m m e #m en n in a8LeDi4m. i = dE4 nalDi$L ip i n L p 1k =#ip id1R# nakil, +i i4r u \ e%iil #i an uy E eyin# nai;14 e 8m 6m a4k m.
m Din μnm 8 #k NE1 \m *]nan ir na
(i. i . 96)
k=m 8 1 ir ne# name4NiG k=m iL Re i in#r elμ (i. i . 109) enνm 1E%il + i4 l pe R# \ i nan#i$1n n in dAi#r. + i4r dE4 Di4il m N*=,
Bm rniAm ir i e 84il U %n i L yn nj#8m m Dini1k J#i4 m =#i nain#m i = nam i# m N K (i. i . 15)
i i L R#i4 i4r n8L l a m a#in in +'m 4νm e1nm (i. i . 38)
109
a# en' a1km r an' namp e # 8ip e 8n KR# i EkBz u# inu4ir kin# ru4ir uN4naB #l enam #μE mE4 n
(i. i . 58) en# 1l%il *p A i#r. 3.6. 3.6. i4l μE*
3.6.1 n iin i ena#iL enνm ivi4l n in 1Re 8N4il i e 'i1m, i4in n, N*= ena#iL, i nr, i nr N*L +i4 J'% i i n aEp 14k eNA i%ki$L% . 3.6.2 i enνm e 8N i8ni m, 4m, m +i4R# i%k=i1 %il d1pe 'i# . 6m a1kp μ]$m i4in i4l ur =m. ; p e p 1 i%k=m ai i m μ nl%il o8 J#G i i%kpe R'L% . 3.6.3 i4in e%i, o8 μ#4 1l, + i4r Di4il 1l, kiena#i4in i1r Brp en# nai%il i ip i n il i%kp e 'i# . i a L ep Am i nai%$m ip i nm i%k=i# . iv L LnKm +#Km d1pe 'm. a i4i4 +n nai> m Fn' nai4p =kp Ai# . 3.6.4 n in, i n i4 N*=r, N*=il eNE8kNE4 +n {1R# iR u'i$1n +injn4m, an4 i m enνm N*3m eni#r. i 4 i nr i8pr, +r r en' p A p A' arm 1R=#ip*L p Ain#. i4in L nan=m. iiR i#n epe ' + i4 nai;14=m. eiνm nan=rn 4i ey$m nai;14 n in N*= arm i n L ur in#.
110
ne#N i%km 1. +r. y4 r, (μnν ) - ip p nm, . 4 2. =8 m p m, . 107 3. k%nji4m, 9.521 4. aDi4 i r iL (44+ d1m), a#iKL%n ____a#i4 NE4 μp i NA, i m, . 15 5. +r. y4 r, (μnν ) - μRJ#i4 nl, . 47 6. i.+r.na imn, *m eype 8%i46m, . 12 7. E.en.eS. n, i m yK, k. 19,20 8. +r. y4 r, (μnν ) - μRJ#i4 nl, . 47 9. i i i4r, ip i nm, . 7 u
10. i.xn, ini4 \m, . 353 11. na. p*e dE4r, Gelm, . 138 12. .i . n ' ip* ' ivi4 m i4r *z, k. 8,9 13. μ.i i, +ri%k= ami4mL, m 2, .1 14. i i i4r, ip i nm, . 64 u
15. e. i4i n, izp N dA ', i N1m m .211 16. zi4R%nji4m, 8. 671 17. S4 4) m (μl =i), . 122 18. ini r i, iz iki4 il m, . 189 19. i8; i4r Si, i, . 11 20. i.+r.na imn, μRJ#i4 nl .121 21. Raghavadasan, Visishtadvaitam and Vedanta Desika's SriNyasaDasakam P. 40 22. i8;Si ay4 r, 4Bni B i - )n i%i ____u , . 196 23. i.+r.na imn, μRJ#i4 nl . 121 24. zi4R%nji4m 8. 671 25. я44lяB 4n, B R n 4nL; ) 4 G ____ 1l μki, k. 45, 46 26. i8;Si ay4 r, μRJ#i4 nl, . 198, 199 27. S4 4) m (μl =i), . 168 28. )n i%i, . 373 29. S4 4) m (μl =i), . 101 30. RL S4 4) m (μl =i), . 103 31. )n i%i, . 375 32. S4 4) m (μl =i), . 104 33. , . 103
111
i4il i#n 4.0 ii;1 in d dEn E p e 8L Fn#νL u4rGi$14 m i#4=m. Bni u1k eNA i]m i#n aR= i4 μ ip ' R'm ena#i% a83 $m i% =i#n. a Di4Km 4Km izi#n. an i8E%p R'rk=k =#e4n# on' na . i 4 e 831n +iFy, me 8%y iz n n na 4Fr i +n. +zr3m, Dik= r3m i8in L E % m 1il =#ikin#r. eiνm aE4r i8m i4 Eil i]m arG E #p R#p Ai# . ivE ini r i,
i = in B i#in 8 en aEp 14k eNA n#i4 *m nj i
iki4 3m arG k eL4 i$' i# [in#]. arG en i e%iil a14kJE4 aΝk n en =m. 1 en' i%k=i#r. ivΝk n4 i i#A rk=m
nam ik4
n %ii8n
a8Li# .
iA dA
innam ik
ui4l
Di4Km
aA
i#
p 4Km eNA Di 1 eyin# . i# Di4k eNA il i ena#i e 'i1m =#i R .
inena#i,
in
u4r
eL3L
on#y izi# . iv4il i4 ena#i4y a8%i4 i#n 8, i8L nai, N*=rk= i#n ey$m a8L +i4 eyiL ivi4il i%kp Ain#.
112
4.1. 4.1. i#n ii;1 i%k=y an e]4k J'm i n %y n in izp i n L izin#. i i#in i8kl4 = % i4n R'in#.
i#in
i4l*%k
=R#R#n,
a%i1
a i4n, in, ai +$m nai#nn ep ' dAin#. i m e y i#n iz,
anai 41r a%il + μm au8k = Lai +$ L aE4rL aDi 4 na Din e] K1elm $1n a 3m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (i. i . 248) uL%e 8L a k=m u8nai 8 L eL%iin ki izn 4i y u#in#n aL%i8r aE4rk= na eAk=m i8K1 (i. i . 249) L%la8 %%reνm e n in =#ip i1k m. 6m n ude 8% e%in i nj urn eL% μE$m. a zm a#in n#rL na 4n o8 n en' e%in ir e n in =#ip iAin#r.
i4r nνn 8kG e8kin #k=4G L a1 naA i i4 +i e + ir R#irnam a 8ni8 1n nain# * 4 (i. i . 52) n na 4n all o8 eym e en in μn i4r JR# nai'Kin#r. μn i4 namzr 'on'm Km' (na. 3330) en'm 'uni Re#8 eym eDL a4ll' (na. 3295) en'm J'l i eN k .
113
a p e 8%i6m i naiR=m me 8% eNi enj\n'm ini i8k=m urK, +n an i8E%i rk=m. en n in,
nain ynai4 ik=m i#νy ien' e elm eνm en$y e4n' ie4 nain# DyμE 4nu1m i4in#i naE 4meνm i4r eype 8% (i. i . 49) en# 1il naiR=m i# aΝ=n#i ' e4l 2 m +niR= μn4 μm e 8dAG l
enin#r. e enk i#νk= aE*
R*' in#r. i 4
e1r
i#n
84p
e #Km
1n μ ip ' e #Km ey4l . a nain m urn m u8iAm ' 4rk=m yp an'. 4.1.1. 4.1.1. i#k8 ui4il i18'm Br n$4r um rni1 i#k8 in#i44 . i.+r. na imn i4in aEp 1p R#i J'4il,
i# a14 a a8% Di, n μ4Ri an'; a u14i4 u4i p e # a μ4lin#n. aR= i i8p NA enνm 8 i i4in aEp 1 ur=m. 2 en' =#iki#r. E.en.eS.i n =#ip iA4il,
114
+r4 p pi 2R 1 a i1i8n k\m e R' . . . . . . . . i ey4, eme 8n >%ik iDi#n. i ey4rd= an >%i l > m 2R Am nairk= m μi4 < L aνk= 2R Am. e i#i4 u 4 i4 eir rki#n. 3 en' =#ip iAin#r. BA ' a14NAen# nμp G i#i%4iνm e%ip dAG 1$m i#ν14 a8d r Br%in l Ai# . in i1 %il BrL + i4r dE4 ena#ip E N* NAm en' l Bνk= i4 n μ4Ri4 i$' i4 em. en
S4 4 il, n in,
n
>ik d1e8 S
>ik le8n ki rp ik=m n an i# il aνJ i ni4$14y p i Ji i ni4 irn 'in >ik ln. a >i l
>ip m ey$m' en' #i n >i keL% d14 a#ii naB >ik NAen' a >i
x4 S an ki rp i . 4 en' ki#r.
m
i#i1
a1kp A i4
+zr%in i#$rK nai4 in μm urn u ki#r. iv4il u
+ i4r
ki#r.
4i
i#
i#pe 8N4 urin#
'
i#k844 idAm. urin m UN1p i ik= n iK A i naiR#l Br%in 1p 1=m. iGBr%k k=m e 'p* i# +i# .
Di4 8i4il En namk i ene#8l l ey Di4 nali4il Enr %il ii p L a14 naBkik Di4 evDi4il 1
115
e4 in m l 2R#i aDi4 a8%Dip e 8n ey$m ani Kie4m a%p r + (i. i . 125) en# 1il i# eN +i i4n 4i ur i u 4m dE BdEn m nal=m i#48% i%k=i#r.
a#iKm a m iaE 4 a1k eNA i#n in8%l e L m ir (i. i . 325) en# 1i6m aE4r i8p i1k eNA a i#n a#iKm i#ena#i3m a#i4 e%i4rk= a1km
u#y naiRin# eyi4 n in =#ip i1km. 6m n a14rk= a i4y naiR=m i#n a1km *NE i p rd= i e%i4y naiRin#n. namzr,
48m r nai4n e a#iK a i4 em e 8n 48m r nai4n e a#iK e%i4 em e 8n en#
aE%il
aE4rk=
e%i4=m
i# n4k
=#ip iAi#r. i8Di4z8m 'k L eRe 8L 8 il naike' (na. 767) en l i#in a8$m e%i4rkyk eL3m e%i$m *=m. μm i# a#iK #3m a#i4 oN i#n aE4 ena8 =i#n eνm 8 il n iin BzkΝm 1l ain# .
P8m i8Knip *in 4m e nE4l a%n i8r R# nain# na8m e%m n na1 na1 nanii4 naΝ= nan y nai 4%i nai# l
116
k 4n l r k nai nal64i8k= en' dAm r $k iN1m N 1 (i. i . 197)
a il
u%n
i#n
nain#
u%n p i n in. ap iR=p i n ey i8nj Br G in 4il i n. iGi#p*14 i#n m μ i L a#i4 a4 a i4 i% =i#n. a n aE4rd= n 1 Nm naii4y ar% ena8 =in#n en# 8 iil ip 1l i =i# . i zm e y naiR=m i#n, i#48%l i4
na1l,
8 μi4 i%kpe R'L%.
naArk=
i#n
ui4
a8 = %l
izl
e%i, +i4
4.2. 4.2. i Di a8%l i ena#i B in
1 R# iR= i#l
a8%p e R'L% . ki μi4ena#i a#i4r, a#in m aR#in ena#i4in A4il 1p iE4r ReNA uy4, une8 ena#i4G i i#l a8%p dAL% . i n in,
N % rr n en i 8n eky n en'm NA%i aEm1 iky nain# N*4l i%4d1k Dikin#
(i. i . 85)
en# 1il n en B Di4 eme 8n a1km n8Lin#n eni#r. 6m aE4r 1nl ar BdAnai u48m e 'p ReL3yG en nal6 4 +i i4r,
117
naBN1= nai#i4r ena#i4il J1 nain#i 4 en#n m PN16n iDe%m e 'p n en# *Ni4r *D m *] (i. i . 86) ek =#ip iAin#r. 16k= DidE4 nai4 4Km i zm 1n k k=m e 'p* en# nal6 4G
Km
ik84
n
i#n
in
a8%in.
i1 %il
i4n
=i#r. 4.3. 4.3. i4il i8L ii;1 in E
i8L
i#i1i8n
naB i8k=m e R#i4L. ir% iv4 m i4r en' ; um eN1Am. i e 8m =14L. n in,
ena#i4il
i83m
en'r 2 in#i i i$m o%i$m on#inain '= a%ik=m uin aE B on'Fn' e] y on'm on#ien' u14μn on#i4 i N1 uL%i u%e uymi B (i. i . 296) en# 1il i8L i8 id1 a8L * ik =#ikin#r. ip 16k= Bzk N1' i i i4r u e] in#r.
m i4νm a i μm i i4i8p i4l*. a z eme 8νm i dE$m na μm i i4 nain' u k 8in#r. ivi88k= aE4 aν i l u % 14=m. . . . . . . . p m Fn' e] kL rn o8 ely i8kin# . . . . . . . u iR= i dE en' o8 e 8L uNA. a m eme 8k J'm. + in i NA a> %in
118
ar i4 ivi4 m i3k= aE4 anuni naB L i#n 4p e R' uyBr%.5 i ena#i4k =#ip iAm 4m i8%in 84il i%in# . ui4il 8n m n =Dn%i4 rm uyKk= an* PN1 i dE i# N1 4 an a8%in. 4m 8', n na 4 e% m p 4 na 44 na: u nai< il i ki1n i8 e1r% i o8 ni ki
4
i#n
a8%in.
in
μR =i
Di4$m iR=i 4$m J'in#. i 4 i Di4 i#n
F
i8L
e R'
n4
'inμil
i#nL i d u i n' (i. i . 303) en# e1 l u m. i Di4=m en μnν kp d1 (1.6). 6m i8L Br ReN1 84,
a8K8 + n a1ni1 1n e8K dA a d i aR'm iiki i8 4n le inE r 83m i8K1 . . . . . . . (i. i . 304) en'm =#iki#r. ip 1l i8%in a8 84 +' nai%il i%k=in# . '' en# 1eDip m +'G elE4yp i#n . ivEnaiL, 4 (sriyate) - a14p Ain#L 4 (sriyate) - a1in#L G8i (srinōti) - di#L G 4i (srāvayati) - dGeyi#L G8i (srnāti) - naBk=in#L i (srinati) - k=nai eyin#L
119
en# e 8% 8in#. a14p A +ni NA l 'a14p Ai#L' en =m. a1l en n a1nr e 8dA i# νm 'a1l' +=m. d1 'i#kDl%il rniA' en# aE4 in a 4k = k 'di#L' en =m. r%in a 4k = i#νk=k d=' iNp m eyi#L en , 'dGeyi#L' en =m. 'naBk=i#L' en aE4 in i %% naBki483m n4L en k =#ikin# . ' k=nai eyl' en n a1nrL i# eNA ey$m E ar314 = %p k=k=in# = k =#ikin# . iL% ui i4r, 'u l B% a8% i8 m, { aD i8 m' [6] en r. νk= a8L * i4k 8i4 i8L an l i#n 8 eNE1G eyL. i 4 e4lL *8< m ep Am. a n l o8 ena8 ip n NE i p l Di4k eL%p A n +n. i zm i i4
naA4il
i8%
naki
NE
i l
*8< p i i +=m. { n dE6m BA ' a%ip R= u i4n en m i8L { ν14 +kl, aDi l μ eDil%il =e # BA ' a%ip i6m =e #L en m en i4 m. *8< i i4il B8y4 i8L DidAL en' i * eLi# . 7 i8L Di4#i4rk= DidE a8LJdE BdEn m e # naiRi#L. aL uy4NE4 nai4ii8n , in uyn a8L nal= L alL. r%in { in y i]m e R#i4L. i8%in *8< na.p*e dE4r,
inp *8< m eme 8A i dE JE4i8k=m nai4i6m i ini8k=m nai4i6m pe 'm. 84
120
Em eN1p n# { n BD1 i aν14 a8d1n l i%m iG ey 8 i dE4r u1n i8nl n iD n. ir i ini8n4l i n i i n am iR= iki u4i iDnn. 8 en'
i8
naizGi%in
4i
op idA
i%k=i#r.
μmik4i6m i8%in *8< p i i4i n in Bzk N1' =#ip iAin#r.
nain Ek= elm n E 2R an*1n naineA a i a8%i NA dA BN1 d i {NE4 iL NE1 μ4n' nE rn 8 aΝ nainν1n rn naiR=m naini8 . . . . . . (i. i . 347) en' ' =#ip iAin#r. i4il i8L nai en anj\m mzn o8 eynj\m e #k=m + i4n 84 o L% . i8% { i1 p i#k=m 84G rL u L. i4il νm o8 y nain' rd=N1 i% naBki a8Lin#L. in
S4 4 il =#ip iAm m,
i i4 il 4: i in *8<νk= v4v8 i i E4 nai i8kN1n e ni N1n en' u k i G rK nak= eni# dE p i* nak=p e i4 i dE481 i8n en'm okp i'i# ie4Di4 p p4n μm N4n μm il; i m i% p p48m N48m en' nai4ikp dAL% . 9 en' i831n in nai4i4 14 NAm eni#r. i8l ani4in,
121
e 8ni4 eyan i i4nm *N Aμn 8ni8 len r ey4lem nji i1L... i8niD 4rerk =mey i8% (i8l. 100) en# 16m *8< i i4 i8L naiR#4 =#iki# . i i8L i4 Bin uyiR= DidE i#i1m aip L ain# .
enνm
i
i in
e1rGi4
4.4. 4.4. u 4μm 4νm rL m uy$m e 8dAp e 8in i8E%G 1n μ i Di4k Nin#rL. ard= a i8E%in iv4G i#p il a]ni i#4 ep i i8 i# μ i ' u i4 4in# . i 4 i#n i8E% u 4$m 4ν$m n in 1l%il =#ikk m. ik Bzk Νm 1l Di$m a#i4m.
i i L R#i4 i4r nnal l a m a#in in +'m 4νm e1nm il i8n 8 aμ i4 r nai n # l, a i4 naniDl naBLD (i. i . 30) 6m 4 i4 aE4 l ey4p Am u 4m an#iG i 4m ep Am μn nan= i% i naiR=m u 4Km i#n iz 'ni4 n N' en' =#iki#r (i. i .
69).
i zm
i#n
=#ikp Ak
ir48m Bzk N1' =#ip iAin#r.
nam ey$m p i4 nak= na > k eAp il. an p i4il p Bi a1n nn nak= > k eAki#n. + nak= >m i1kk m nam ey$m p i4il p Bi a1$m nn. al eme 8n )i 4m ()i u 4m) en' elp Ai#n. p i ) 4 4m () 4 u 4m) en' elp Ain# . 10
122
i#in DE4ii8n naB ep m i, an i8kJd1 A i# iL E =nm i rk= i4 μ ip #=m. en i8EL r3k=p 4 narin#, a4 innaiKil rd= Di4$m
izin#.
i i8E%in
a8di#p
nai4in,
o8i an 8 % rn um a1 %rn a%n o81 on#i4 n u 1 L a = eN1 8m u4rn i en nain# 8n i n in en# 1m u1n en# rL a8n m 8n i en i8L ey4 L on#i iz %K un m m zn e]i eN1i m*i i iil an#r a = uizn (i. i . 357) en# 1il a naizK31n =#ip idA n in =i#r. i u 4μm νy i]m i8E%k i4k dAm + i4n a8L eDi%y a. u 4μm νy i% =m i8E%G ini G N *=rk= a8L Jd1 i#n +rμ14y i% =in#n. #r R' 1l n a1n aE4rkelm arm iD 8 a $m e 8%k 8i, ieA iN m nai 4 m i%A a k JdE1 i in#n en' enanjA i% yk J#i k 4# n in a#iK' in#r.
123
i,
Re#8 R#in#i n1n rkelm =R#m a#i4 r - μR'm iiA iN A on#i in#r naiK1 y naB nail6 (i. i . 36) en# 1l Di u m. iin ik8 iR= aEFy namz in,
naNimna 4 na L eli NΝil %ik d1R#n n in' iNΝm 8y i in#n ii4 (na. 3948) eNi '+ik 8 L enenanj en# 1l ain# . n na 4 naNi namzr m enanjA i%n eyi44 iνm eNA enanj +R'p A i#r. 4.5. naizKL zKL 4.5. a8L ey nai 1nrkelm z%ik=m i n a zm N*=n k i naizK% m 1il n in =#ikin#r. a 8' ; 1. n N = i4 2. B1νk= anjl nali4 4.5.1. n N = i4 i8L
B4Km
i#n
i Km
Pi4il
a i m ReN1 ini n n Eil n B4 n*' in. ape 8m iD eyn B i n i mSi m 2i1 a NA aGμR# an ini i r%$m μir%$m nk k NEn. el8m ' k ' *i1R' am* 2i4 aN4
124
1nn. 1nin ik4 2R# i#n, i mSi m B , a oR#k Nk =81ki a8L eyr. il N4y a1km nali a i%$m k=m a8L uL%m *p Am. n
in
innaizk
=#ip idA
i#in
i 4 a8% Brk= NE4 . iv8Le # i#in naBLDlL R# NAm eni#r. i,
+N 1nn +i4 4ip* 2#i4r m iD i1k NDi ey = (i. i . 110) FK=m n iD4 R# μir3m r3m μin annaL iy e =m y %rn Bzn ikm i n u4ir D ik ii ek=e =m 1en' eNik nai 4iGian' id1 L%l 2l 4n i kiR= +e#n' m eDi614r i4EkBz i8p m na (i. i . 114) en# 1l%in Di4Km i% u kin#r. 4.5.2. B1νk= anjl nali4 i in
eAnje4l%l
aidA
naB i4
an m i B1n, i i G 1in#n. νk= m i, a n en' r eA 'p e%ip A i4 'n nam i n k k=m e 'p*m ' en' B1 m i4 2Rin#n. i zm 2R' a8L ey u u4r eL4 i n JR# m r,
u1nrk= un +4in uL% on' {4n +4in a1nrk= a8%n +4in a#m en+m +N en+m
(m . $ . 416)
125
nν4ir elm 8i %rk=m 4n n Km elm 8μm e$m eniνm a1nr m 2μ' iiin m ip inνm BA a%ik=m en#l i#ie8 n'm uN1 . . . . . . . . a 4m en# a 4 m { 1p A en
(m . $ . 419)
(m . $ . 425)
en' =#ip iAi#r. i 4 i4 un aNE4rk= a8L ey4k 8i4 84 i i n JR# 1 n iνm dAin#r.
o8k a1in #R=m ukE 4in#n enin #R=m a8k ark=m a 6m anjlen' a8LeAp n i n i8k6m eDilμir naii 6m i4#i4r e461nen ii 6m ena8kE naBLi m eken' enνm ena#i$ r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (i. i . 111) enνm ip 1il #L, Sm8i, + m, i#n uL%m +i4 a m dAm u4 i4 nan* 1n k en' i#n eN1 eL i%kp Ain# . 6m u4r y eme 8 aNE uynr r R#i$m n in m 1il =#ikin#r.
mi k nnr i i n nama n a4nμ nana rk=m μ4r BAe #p e n8Ley kNA na na4r nalEp a1n (i. i . 240)
126
en# 1il n, B14n#i ie % i, i n , ni n, a4n, a n, +i4rk=m i#n ey a8L p Ain# . ik= μn u4 i4 an*e]i4 aEnai. a a iin N*=n n$R# G n#k dEp i i4in e 84 ip 1l =#ik4iR'. 4.6 1nr e 'm i 1nrk=
i#n
ey$m
a8LeL% p
e p 1p 1l%il in i%ki$L%r. eme 8in aE4r 4rk=m μ ie # u i$NA. i#n are 8dA 8 P \m n ki#n. i e=i4il dAD Nm +i i4n aE%il rkin#n. +i i4n ena#ip E BrL i4 ReL%G eyi#n. u 4m anu;E r%in nali, Bi en# %% a'kin#n. i 4 B ii8n +np i i arGi i rkp m rki#n. il Brk=m iP ν m nari# . iGeyi%,
anip in m a8n R= aE4 a#iK1 en'm em μni nai iDi4il o] μnnai4m irm μn r ni μm ni in Di$m dE Dip A i R#i aE eL% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . i8i = Di i1 m u1m nil i =naA naE4il em i o8i = ena#i4l Di4nnνm u4ril 2R#iu4ir nai$m n e 8i m a8Lnl n EkBzp i i4 a 81n i nr (i. i . 105,106) u8il a =m iik=m.... en# 1l%il i% u kk m.
127
i = 8 D4 i8m i iDi p R# z nam. a i#in a 4 i na a%ik l en# 8 il BzkΝm 1 n in a%ikin#r.
e n izn i8 L *li4 *l6nl nr eAp ap e n n ν m n a1ni1 8L ey$m iGi4n e nE na1n m*# e nel eyiE (i. i . 112) i 4 i i1 p e # i8m*m aE4rk= i#n ey$m a8 84, 1. 2. 3. 4.
a1km nall am a' l R#' l BAnall
en# nan= nai%il m. e p 1G d1pe R# a8%R#in ove8 nai$m ip i n il e zm i%km e R'L% e u m. 4.6.1. a1km nal=l i#n n Bz a1kp *=rk= a y iz n. ui4l ena#i%il mp i k eNA al6'm an r%in iDid= R# i8p n. i zm r i dy i]m n4 namzr,
r 4#i r 4R= +%n#i + r i#pe A nae4A Fpe A i#p r p e 8n n m # naBki n %inBzG r an ey$m eNi e%iKR# (na. 3614) en' ki#r.
128
im i4 n iνm
naiDik=m iDik= iky naiR=m nai il enaA = L naie # n DRBz a1kk di n (i. i . 103) m nl rin # ek =#iki#r. 6m =Dn4p iK1n R#i, anjm n4p ki + K nal=m y en' a nap e 8p R#ik J',
nm a l =n K1 n8n eNi ane4 a1km eNA anjl nen (i. i . 104) aD# naiD a%ikin # en# 1il u m. i#n ana i dy izk y4 r,
uyNμn i8KL%k 8p e 8 1R Ny N4 B> eN1 )i 4y '+ 8r' en' n K r Ny arG )i4il naieNA i% nain#n. o8k m a1in#rk= a 4m a%ik=m i m PNA i% =m N N4 Nm. 11 en' =#ip iAi#r. 1n k l 1n ekeNA ark= +'m 4νy i#n naiRi#n. i zm a1km naliAm nai4,
+' 4n #il aE4rL ark=m +'man 4νm i o86m 6m +' 4n eN1 a8%%r aE4i. . . . .(i. i . 247) en#
1il
n
in
=#ip iAin#r.
i zm
a1km *=l NAm en' + i4r ena#ip A i4k=k
129
m J'4il n in, 'Brk=m i#R=m nai i4
m nm uNA. B k 14 eN1n i#n. B uyik anai yk 84p e Dii#n' en' =#ip iAi#r. il a1km a83m aNl n a1nrk=G
ey$m
e 8n
i
*=m.
+i i4 in,
a# en' a1km r an'namp e #8ip e 8nKR# i naE (i. i . 58) en# 1l Di u m. 4.6.2. R#' l R#' l i#
a14G
rk=
14
a
L ain#. a m en nan en# n4$m m en enν14 en# n4$m e%ip A in#. i8k=#L J'm,
4e enνm e8k'p n rk= u4rn um 8m (i8k. 346) en# 1inN '4e'n'm neA i4 R# e 8% 'e ' en'm J#i 4 =m ai nai e #p Ai# . i u1G 1 m ek 8 Bk eNA 4 G eyin#. ui4il {A dA an e y n4 ey4yk 8k=m. i8k=#%in 8 i 2R n in,
4ne en en' ilen ey a4ll + a#iniAm nE 4rk=e +d A i e nali na1 in#n na8LDi4 (i. i . 98) naν BAey en# nani8 na el =#ik k . R=#ip id1 i8k=#3k=p iDr m u 4il,
130
eA ir R e R# u'ieDi%6m 4p 4iRi46m a '4n e - an' e%in aR#in N R# iAl,. . . . . il ivi8p R#i$m id1rk BA%en J#p d1 .[12] en' =#iki#r. i = ir en +i i4k =#ikin# . ii;1 μm anj\m mzn nai4il Bn '+i i4n' u 4l i# e%ii#n en' J'm (i. i .156).i# e1r l Bn ey$m i ui4in iR#in %ii8n iA dAp in na1 k=m. 6m m nm, aR zK μi4R#il Br eN1 R' aR'p y i4il naB i nai 4 on#il m R#G ey$m. en n in iR# i$' i,
uy$mu#K i4 o rk aE$yp e y$8 kR#ip *neN1 4eNA L$#Km + i83m alDi$m a1nrk=m (i. i . 252) en'm
iμ%4in nai44 l aE4il i414 $1m nalk=m %ip n e izn i4#i 4 Dm DiluDl in#rk=m iila8L 8mi8l i8 i na (i. i . 253) en'm
J'i#r.
uDlrk=m
il
anj\ l
i#k8
R'naBkip
u
2R Am
R'keNA
i#p 'k=m
en
e #p Ai# . 6m
zil
i'p d1
in
eye4k eN1 4k l Bνk= na na8m. an i#νk= aEPN1l 4kμm 4k l na8m na μm naB i BdEn m e # =n u4r nai4 a1in#n.
131
i8k=#L,
R#R# N i#p 'k=m (i8k. 349) en'm R' R#R#n R#i ap R#p R' R' i1R= en'm =#ip i1l ii;1 il ip i n 1n op i1 k . 4.6.3. am a' l rL ui4il n*R' i1rp dA 8n in#r. μn* y ip 4n, ii8m ip 4n, ey i%l uN1 4n +i4 BNAm BNAm i#p 4 n naiR=m. a 4n#ip i#k= Di. BNAm i# i#48%il n , nai 4 m i31n DG rL i8m*in#r. +l aR= 14y a$m % eNi 8n in#r. + i#n i#n e18m zil nji, i p enνm i8i%$m μ ik= 14 n in 8 in#r. μn i e=i4 an ip R#i e1rin# . in avp i#i4il yk NE ain# . 1nr zil {1R#m e # i8m*m ivi NEin'm iA4 eir rkin#r. 13 i zm am N1nji a1km *= iin,
n l 8Km an i % 4r8l iena 8p*k= iny eNi8n m elm inμip k=Dik iDi4 Nm ene8 =Di4naR = k=m e#i % i r ii4 eN1r nm a4 m ' k=p (i. i .141) D#4in ena#i 4i6
132
en# 1l ur m. i zm, 1n in iviL R#i4 aGm, i%k %4G ey4 NE4 e 'p* 2 m 1n8k= il. i n yG N*=nr ey$m r L i# e]. a zm e]m aE4r, N *=μn ey B4 e4l%l i%n i%G Br yk Nm i#n a8L * iin#n. 6m N *=m μnνm inνm aE4r a#in a#i4 ey iD%$m e ' 83in#n. iGeyi4 n iin,
μney i i %in μ% n#i μR'L% μ in μ% JR#il ney4 i88%l iK r Dl rn Ue Br p iney i4i on# on'm ipe ' '% i n R'm (i. i .143) en# 1l Di u m. +N13m aE4 in ip 4n B4iil d1 nje aDi$m eni#r. i,
4il E il inik 4 iD$m *=8n nain#Km B4iilU =m . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(na. 478)
en# 1l Di u m. i
o8μ#4
ey4p Eνm
a
i#
a1R= 14 ai yG Bp R#i i8k=m Bi%p njpe i4il id1 B n' kiiAm. ')r
p4: >4i;4i' ( .B 18.66) en' B4in il k .
Ne 8n
=#i
{NA
u% e%
133
i m S,
eme 8 anan4 1n R'm n yn ey4n n o8l m ey i1 na id1l a h84 il BR#i8k=m eme 8 ap μ] m naBkiiAi#r. 14 eni#r. N*=n k p i#in a8%. a n#iG Br m keL3m E na . ui4il {1R#m na iA? en# Brd= il. BNAm i# na k y nain' Br%in 4 Brp n i#n en# e 8%il,
a#iKm a m iaE 4 a1k eNA u#e nain# eμ# nain# eky ' i# i 4r eN1 i#4n in8%l e L m ir (i. i . 325) i
'rrn' e e1 =m il i1me R# '' en# e1 in i%ky ain# . iG inN i1m e 'm ' i 4j4' en# el 'iAl' en k =#i . Bν14 e4l, 8m en' en#
1l
eR#k
ai# .
8 in#
aR#
idAidA
i#G
N*NAm. ap Brd= '4y k eL3m e 'p*, ap R#i4 il'. ik8 n '' en# e1 il 'naB *m l' en' Ne 8n a8%ir. iv8% n in,
e naB*m l en#r nr r νk= rnr nr en#
aE%i6m
=#ip iAin#r.
(i. i . 276)
i zm
na
i8k=m E J#i4 kil nG 1n in % i#n naBki48Li#n.
134
i#ip e 8 1l naBn r naBnr i#n aE r.
(i8k. 10)
en# i8k=#3m i#E *=l i#i n m a'm en' =#ip nak k . 4.6.4. 4.6.4. BA nall B1 i#i %% a' , iip i#p in nad1 il {A dA i#ν1n l al aΝk y naiR#l +=m. i 1l,
na#ir D4n nalin al 2'l e%i B'e ' #km
( i. 15.15-16)
en# aE%il na n 84 BAp R# a%ikl en' =#ik=m. 6m,
8m y in i8im* ain i8' NE i4km nai$m %$m 2ni4 4l 8i inir i =m e mPN a8i u8in + eA ainnain i8 an e]rk= u ir #kμm u inan= u1
( i. 13.7-13)
en# aE%il, ' rp 8 k i4 e i4 m l nai# 1νm
i8irL i% =l n# =, k L 2ni4 31νm i8 a 1νm i% =m i8 e]rk=m a i8iνk= i4 =nm nan= u i4=m' en' =#ikin# .
N1 N1 in A en'BA e R' l NA BE l in m na3m ey Br *N1 i *N4 Br i nunjei A uNAnum u'i 48L naB i uymi
(na. 818)
135
i8%R'm e#ii n N1 UA 2R#i 2i i a8LeA idAaE4 +deLn ............................
(na. 414)
en# 1l%il μ#4 i8Di4z8m e i4z8m i#n 8$1n BA ' nal=k =#ikin#r. i 4 in e1rGi4 ip i nμm BA ' e 'm nai4 i%k=i# . Br%in N*=il di4 BA ' in nai4i# . BA ' NAm Bnin nai4 + L ' J'in#. ain# u4i in u4rn μEK i;Ν u a1=m e 1 nai1m =#ip iAin# . e u nai1 L u4irL aDi4 n4i urin# BA R'k= an* al iena#i4 i#ne i$' in#. 15 i zm an*nai#n i i ena#i4il {A d1 Bνk= BdEn m nal=m e 'p* i#G rni# . ap R#il R' eN1rk= 'i8p i i' en# 4il ip 4n edA μ i 8l al +r i i4G i *=nK1n μ i 8l e aE4r i8m*m 4il i#n BA nal=i#n. i n in,
*luil il e n8LN AR#rk=m ai an rk=m an#eA p l D =l iAik=m 4 L ain en' k=m a ii i a8Lμi (i. i . 255) en# 1l%il i%k=i#r. '*l uil il . . . uR#r' en i8p i i NA $m 'ai an r' en +r i i NA $m =#i en μnν kp d1 . (3.4.3)
136
i zm Brk= BA R# nal= n in p 1k =#ikin#r. il BA ' a1 on Enai% n in =#ip iAin#r. im eL3l, BN iR= 8n l, +4' l, id= anjl, μ ik= i4 Di%il {A Al N*=l +i4 Ln EL μRJ#p d1. (3.4.1) +'μl on an E naiL +n naB =m nai, a8Gi i rkm, m rl, iP i mν m e #l enνm nan= naiL i%kp Ain#. μn nai3m Brk= i4. iR=#ip id1 EnaiL nan=m i#n e4l%y a. 4.6.4.1. 4.6.4.1. +n u1lidA naB =l u#4inN e in L e4l 2 in#i i =n#i4i8k=m. BnKm B il i8k=m μ] a#iK e # m
i# eNEl
μ]4y
{A 1
i4 m
i#p dE8k=m. i# nai in# a8%l u1l idA +n naB =m eir naki4i8k=m. 4 4 %il kiena#i rnl Bn μ i e #p nai4 L u%. i i ena#i rnl Bin m i1m, m, %il u4rK14y i8kNAm en# dAp AL il. i n in,
nani naR nanii m en6 4ν ma = aE4rk=m ini i iAm 4 ikir nani 4mnaA naE Dik= na1e #
(i. i . 66)
en' =#ip iAin#r. il eme 8n B814 rni i4m, \ni i4 % 1n JdE am p i $il rki#n. in i +ni1m rki#n. avn LmP 31n ikp Ai# .
137
B in B m LmP %i4n# . μ in R*#m Fe6m*L JAin#. aR# 1n i#n LmP %in mk= p e R'keLi#n. i zm 14il Bνk= na8m. innai4il Brl 8eNA nA a 8Lin#n. in u1i4 i#4iin' iA 1G ey uGi i4 i ni m Di4 +n e%i4R#i a8Gi i rk iR= idAG elin#n. ik8 k% i%kμ# n in,
u#4id1 e% νL u#$m u4i4
na#d e1DiR# naR'%K 2ni4 na4nn nai#d E enaAm 4n d1 nain 1G i#edE idA Dip A m eyiA (i. i . 144) μn8i { n il JdE μki4y 8 i r elm nan=8m u4i iil r LmP naNΝi nn l k=m nan on 1n i N A1 y uL% o8E 4ri%k=m u1m y on'm ni#4in l i#n nam (i. i . 144) # Dip A μR # en# 1l%il =#ip i1km. 4.6.4.2. 4.6.4.2. arGi i arGi i rkm Bn mk= Ey u1lidAp i in m B, i n, i4m μi4 1K%rL eiren' R' m el 4il eNA y iArL. i zm uk 1nrL BNAm i#ik 1il BDr. il# μm rk μm e iek i1n Brk= i#48%l =8in a8LeDi i1 . il e y 4k L naB i a8Gi i rkm ey m i#p*R#r.
138
i,
na1e # a i lo%i naLu 4m +NA i18 R' i ii in i in8n =1$1 r n i i en'i l (i. i . 67) i14i1 L eyi eDiR m 2'
e8%r i * i# rni1r Brnrm 8%r i * Gi# Brn in neireNA a8%l a r na1 im 4 1nR in (i. i . 146) 8%r na GDl +R#in DRi4i en# 1l%il =#ip i1km. namzr,
eireir i4r i8p i1m = r i r a r nnai# dEr air= l μ L a1l μDke (na. 3982) i i DyμE n rk en' μ i ' u' νk= na8m u %k J'6m {NA i eN k . 4.6.4.3 m aΝ=l y nali, Bi%il i18R' i%l na8m i#i n il a]ni4 E Br i8nr. aGBrL N*k 4il, aviL naB ip i#i n m e1 4il uynr. al i%in e=i e1 Nm i 4R#k 1k=m ' idE4 . i n in,
N14i8 i4R#il En m o]i4nam ki 4 l ...................... =%irn e%in aμi4 i 4R#k N1Νik 8 1n B%k N1r ie4lm i id 1
(i. i . 149)
139
en' kk m. BAe 'μn m el4il ='kiAm r +' i 4=m. ivR#k 1k=m Br m i4Km edA U4 y =nm rr en *. en NG m N1 i i3m,
n Dy p p r ep i4 iznl #ip R r i k= ap l ir an#
(a'. 723)
en' +zr%G i#p i k J'4il =#ip iAin#r. 4.6.4.4. i mν m i 4R#k
1k=m
Br
i831n
i#n
e]n83m 4ik 1n elin#r. =nm iv4 um. ipe n4 ui ani8k=m N1 m i8iN1 m. a eyB N1 il eyBk dEil +i
mzn an' +zn u4rn μEil e 8m D4 mzn ail e i4 nal rGB4 mzn ail e i41r \ in 4 mzn ail e i4en aa#G mzn4 (na. 3999) en# 1il namzr iP i mν urn in#r. i 4 iP aν m a1n Bk
140
=#ip iA4il, n in, e%ik=i#r. ip 1l 8',
a i4
u%in
Di
a16 m uNAizn a8kn a]k1n ]i4nal %m k 1e]ik rn k dA Bk neDin %i# 1l8m 4lDin r ni# y nr m e R#r u1nμ u4ir#k=m 4 naB i u4rn m 2#i$rn on#i (i. i . 151) μ i41n Brk= u J'4il on#il R'd dAp Ep in avlil i8n naB =m nai%k =#ip i1k m. i, i i8i4in ai i8%ii8n iA d1 Brk=p e 8 μ# ain#. i mν m e R# nai4il il μn =]i4i8k=m nai 4m iL, kr, r, i4 Di4y a8%i4 + i4rL μr =D A in Bn en'm i .
i# eN1
8i4i8k=m.
i
in
RJR#,
2#i eDiR m el K4irk=m iμk=m na' DyμE na naNi 4E4im J' rn =8kL =D L = DRBz ' in#i izne]m nν
(i. i . 68)
en' =#ip iAin#r. iv4il n in e%i4 Bνm a1km *=n i%k=in#r.
i mν m
e R#
iN$1n
141
4.7 i4l μE*
4.7.1. ' i4il i#n' enνm ivi4il a8G nai4il i]m i#n n a1$m Br l a83m e4lL i%kp Ain#. i#in μm 8$m i ena#i48%6m u 4μm νy naiR#6m i%kp d1. *8< p i i4 i8L nain' B uyi 6m N4 i]m i#in a8%R#in r a =m. 4.7.2. 1nrk= i#n e4 nain' nEkBzp *l a%ikin#n. Bin R', i% naBki48Lin#n. +nip i i , a8Gi i rky aD G en', iP i mν aν ikG eyi#n. i zm
i#Ge4lL,
ip
i n il
i%kp dAG i4 i$' ain#. ne#N i%km 1. ini r i, iz iki4 %il m, . 49 2. 3. 4. 5.
i.+r. na imn, *m eype 8%i46m, .124 E.en.eS. n, i m yK, . 16 S4 4) m (μl =i), . 128 i i i4r, ip i nm u , . 298
6. P<m - 10 7. na. p*e dE4r, Gelm, . 365 8. , k. 201,202 9. S4 4) m (μl =i), . 9 10. i.en. ir4Si, ;n, . 12 11. +r. y4 r, (μnν ) - ip p nm, . 59 12. iDr, i8k=#L u , . 346 13. Raghavadasan, Visishtadvaitam and Vedanta Desika's Sri Nyasa ____Dasakam, P. 44 14. i mS, i, . 31 15. na. p*e dE4r, Gelm, . 8
142
p *p dA *p dA ena#iL 5.0
iki4 L
e 8N%
l,
r,
u14.
a#m,
ki
ipe 8NL
ep
lp
i#p ikpe #
iki4 +i i4814 * in#i44 . Ae 83k= 2R p
e 8L
*p dER=m
iki4
na4 iR=m
l'
μ#% iki4p 1p %r 4Lin#r. imμ#L uL%1km, u8m, u i enνm Fn#G rn a. uL%1k e%ip A u8μm ape 8L e%iil G en#14 u i3m naiRin#. 5.1. 5.1. *p dA ena#iL en o8 8i4=m. an Di eAp m eL m a#iip m a#i i4 4nL naizin#.[1] ikJR' iki4k k=m e 8n m. iki4k 3L aDi4l urKm 4=m.
*p dA
μ#3m
iki8p
ik
ip 1p* en i\ in urK e%ip A. m 1p il urK4p d1 n4p i i ik=m ap 1p* iki4G e#iK14i# . zi4l J'%G irL J'R=m i#n i\n J'R=m ' ANA. i\r mμr nai a%il e%ip A i iAil. J'm e 8%in iN, J'm μ#4in nud m n#R#A aii, aDi4 4, i4G eyi4 8in#r. i\r Ey e%ip A m Ae 8L Ep G en' NAm. i\r 8 p *p A r; Ep r * in eL r. e in eL36m * in eL36i4 nai4 '*p A' en# elin e 8L 4#4=m. e, i4il e 8d*p A en i\r 43m i *3k=L e 8% ep E e%ip A in#r al i4il e 8L ep E e%ip Ai# en p e ' ai# .
143
ip 1p in eR#i$m nai 'm an e 8%i4 dAm rn an'. e 8NG i#p*1n JE4 *p dA μ#% o8 1p μ]e #G ey$m. 8 k% en μ#4il e 4 eDi4il e%i4i1NAm en' 8iAm nai4il e 8L *p A m μ4Ri R#m e 'i# . e Ae 83k= 2R k i\n ReL3m 4k μ#% *p dA ena#iL em. en a%iR=k i\r *p dA ena#i%il i#kin# an%iR=p Ae 8L nai ' a1in# . \r o8r m 4in evi4l nk= μ46m ar eyin# +kμ#L 4Km *p dA ena#i%=m. iki4 in iRi' J'%i6m i\ in $L%m e 8N4G i#p ik=m 4il nud %k 43m. ip*p dA ena#i%in ini4il eDi4inN i\r e6 m +3 a1 i4i8ki# . iv4i4 iki4 ena#i% 4p* en# *#Eμm u, u8m, Em, =#i4BA +i4 anai u i3m ain#. iDil e 8L e%ip A uL3#, i#Gi, =#ip*pe 8L, i# d1pe 'm. im *
u iL +i4R#in aEp 14il i]k$ i4 *p dA ena#i%in
en4 ur m. 6m ai%in J'L iki4 na4m rA *p dA ena#i%$m ain#. 5.1.1. p *p dA ena#iL m uNp e 8L; n L% ; uil =m n$1n n4$m uL%1ki iip m +=m. u$m u i4l iR %$m an i4kG kik 1l%$m e 8Nk J'% eNE = . iG kik= ap i4k a#i$m μ4Ri4il e 8m k J'L ain#. u i4l iR= + G ki e ? u uR i 4 zm naizn ? iR=p in in nai 4 ? μ Li%in i%yp 8 i4lL e]n en m a
144
p J'%p ii en m μnν kp d1. (1.1) i 4 naip AL 4Km *n1n ey4i4 (Meta Physics) u84i. urin#r Di i# aR# url i464n#ip i# 4il *p A m μ#L i4. ikJ'L 4Km nuNe 8L n4i. *n 1n i#nai4, u i4k p *νk=L dAp dA ]m nr 4 6m a#i4 i4 . a#in rn \iL 8m μrn' aR# e%i4idE8kin#r. iGin% a#il ev%K Ey ain#, a 4 Em iGin% ur i6m uNA. i%k iR= aEp 1 + % a avG 4njr i %=m. i 3m μEn μE i; μnr i % m in 1l nuΝi4yn %G eDikG eyr. i.xn,
ini4 \iL + yGi4il dAn#i av yGik= 4 % + yi6m e i m {A d1r. i L ek =#ip i1p A a#ip e 'm DiL, i% ini4 \iL i L en r. . . . . . . . . .[Lm] e #iL, nlL +i4 iR#il oven'm ove8 i m ep Am. 2 en' ki#r. 6m ar,
in i L e 8m n$m i i4dm, anum, +pki4m +i4 Fn#$ k= i k eL. 3 en' p m eN k . imFn'νL i i4dm en N1l al di a% en'm anum en 8 l al 8 % en'm aDkpe 'm. +pki4m m μ nl%=m. iR#in aEp 14il %
145
μneDin
\iL
8m
i4Rp
e 8d%G
n'%k dE aR#ii4l*% p *p dAk= i4 Di%k eN1r. ivi4l u m +=m. μnrk =#ip id1 Fn' =#ip i1pe 'm. 4
i 31n
u μm
i k
il nuNe 8% k J'% i%k=4il u
μ
iki4
u i
e%iiR=k
ena#i%in in#i44 4%pe 'm
u iL
*=m. p
*p dER=m in#i44. nan= nakin u μ u iL
4Km
iki4 il
8
e%ip dER=p
4n Ay aA, i%i Km ey. p e 8N4il 8 e%ip 1 μn$'in# . iv4il
G
Si n
a$m
ip
i n il n in e 8L *p dER=k 43m ena#iμ#L ivi4l e 8N% ain#. na4i iv4p i nm kip ν e%ip A m iki4 ena#i%in ini4il an k J'%$m i νяr ur i4 a8 8 %$m uL i a i4 p D4 ip i nm i% =i# . inn6L 8 e%ip dER= i4 4il n in 4NAL% ena#iμ#% 1. u iL 2. na4 na4i m 3. 4p i4l ena#iL en' ip A m.
146
5.2. 5.2. u iL i\r m 1p 34il 43m *p dA ena#i%il eDi4in anai4il ak=m ena#iμ#% u iL em. *p dA μ#%il u i%in elk i=i4 i8kin# . u i eνm 4# elp i4m μk p Ai# . iv4il ik nlL =#ip iAm u iL ik nul e 8%p R#i4in#. eiνm a iki4 *d=m e 8n m. +l e 8N e zm e%ip dAL% en dA iki4 u iL eLil. iR'k=p e 8N *p dER= i4 JA N*3m uNA. u μ aiL u i% a4 k. iviL e'm a dAm a4l i nak nai#R# iRKm i%K 8i$m 4n 8i$m 4%p Am a u inai e 'k eL%m. 5 rEni en r, 'iki4 1p il 1p %i D
i8m*m eyi (Message) al aEk8 (Theme) i
24 a m u iμ#4is'06 eni#r. il 8 p *p dEl u i%in elki u m. 5.2.1. 5.2.1. 4 nl3m u i3m iDiki4 p e ' 4il kip N* i%i8m 4il e]n 4nlL i=i. ey i1 A u#k=m n4 nakk eNA i e]in#. iR#in μn nakm R p kiDi4il ikG ey6m i#pe 84 ur 6m 4G i %p *k=6m +=m. iv'
8 kL
naikKm
4ne 'm
Nm
a4Km kip r l u i%k R $1n 4Lin#r. iki4 in i6m ki aν i6m i
147
o8 k R +z . iv4il n in 43m u i%, 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
u u8 e1rL Em =#i4BA eNΝpe 4 i1l
en' ip A m. iR'L u, u8m, Em, =#i4BA +i4 e1r eDinai u i% an L%. eNΝpe 4 i1l elnai u i% ain#. iv u i% an#i, ii1 ap*, ani ap* +i4 iki4 ena#i3m ip i n iνL p Ain#. aR# iA p *p dER= i4 u iL dAm {NA +yKk=p eL%pe R#. na4 na4i μm =#i4BdA n4il a$m u in; eiνm anN p Am ape 8L * 8i i4 dE$ kp Ai# . 5.2.1.1. u iki4 e%ip dA μ#%il e i m 4%p A m aiL R#iR= aEp 14 u ai# . u4in n4 NE4 m,
on'm Km e 8e%A e 8L*rn op* n#G ep* u
en#
u i
(NE. 31)
eni# . i 4 op*p N* uil *i4n'. in en' inik e1 i an' μ u4in R#μm ain# . i n4 a.. \m nn,
148
p d1 e 8d% op idAp rk=m i4l* ii1m i4R4 an L% i4l =m. ii1m en' eNm n#iR# an# eDi$m n#i i8 l NAm. eDi n#i4 an# u n#i i8k=m. 7 en' =#ip iAin#r. op*4l u G eyin# ivK i4in 4 i%mP r,
il 4n en ip eil *n al *6m a ik d1rk= in m 4 6m 8 en' =#ip r. i\ in aν e%i4iiAm u, Ep
in*' A 8 G e#iK1n e 8L e%i uN1kl . e%iil u k J'% u4in Di i%k=l e 8L *p dER=G i#nen#=m. iv4i n iνm u%k 4Lin#r. i#n
yk=m
nai m i4n
en'
i4iki4 L 1p m. = zr,
a ii l {n#y aR#iEνm R'aLn a8Lnain a]m=Di a n' i8n (na. 688) en'
i#A
4
uikin#r.
im il
n
iνm,
L% i4iνm y l i =m i l (i. i . 21) uL% u#in# u n en'
y4
i#n l
u4ki
i%k=in#r.
= zr ni4 μn A 'y' en# u4k 4%, n in i# μnp A iAm 4il
149
ivK4k uikk
4Li#r.
m
B in
i zm uyiR=
8$14
4
4 a8%i4 m
' 1n k p n' en' il J#i4 m +i4 a8% nain=m. i#n a8%i4 L e%iil u i4. aR# urniAm 4il + i4rL e%ip A i a#iK' ir. i n4 'a i4r 4il a1 i4 1l' e n in ur i#r. i,
. . . . . . . . . 4m a14G eniz nl = i' iGr i'G i# a l ne mu p ie4n' L i4 a1ki aE4m (i. i . 23) ne ma 'k a8Ln un en# 1E%l u m. ipe 8m 1i a i4r m uL% 4il a1ki4 + i4r 8m a#i4 oN % m i4 L a1ki e%i4 4il aR#in e 8% a8%ir en' ivK Fm n in ur in#r. μn i4r J#i4 k J'% ' i1 8 r li$'l iNm en' u'i4 eNΝm in a na i% uikin#r. i,
μLe% i4r μn ine L μki4r l eL% i14il na i l iDikin# Br% (i. i . 21) enνm aE%l u m. iνk= μL% l ' e4k 8 m BrL, + i4r%i1 * inl eL% i14il ap d1 na i %ip l i18R' R#Ar en in ivE%l ur i8m*m e 8%=m.
150
il Br3k=L By i#n i8kin#n en' k=m * μnν kpe R# (1.5.3). i zm i#n iz n in,
u1li n'm u4i8m u4irk=4i y i#$m 1lik N1 % i % e nl (i. i . 28) en' ki#r. i i8i4i4 1il i]m μ kL BrL. μ k%i1 el6m e R A i#n en' uip l B
B i m ur pe 'i# . Br i4il i# iNyG 1k =#i # iAm am*1n in uikin#r. i,
'a8L r nai4ikil ame nan aizn' (i. i . 246) en l u m. am* =#i4ikil on' Al +n rp l i#ν1n on' Am nai4G Br a1l ivK4l i%kpe 'm. i4
ReLr
u4rn
in i4
μ ip R#i4 4k eL% NAm. # ui4l in % NAl en iDi . i,
e n izn i8 L *li4 *l6nl nr eAp ap e n n ν m n a1ni1 8L ey$m iGi4n e nE na1n m*#m +renel eyiE (i. i . 112) en# 1l u m. i8 L *lA e n i1n6m i8m *l4 i8m*m. +l nrL e np e i m i8m*r en# ivK e n naiR=m i# a1 k ; an#iG iR#in m NEG 1l en ur m.
151
μ ip ' 8m i$m o8nai4il 4n l yi1kJE4 . i4 ReN1r a n 8i Re#8 u 4 ReN1l ap i evip 4$m nal . i4in i n4p i mSi 1n n in uikin#r. aSi p i 4 %il u4rn i mSi . i mSi iA p inνm r am* PdAl iDi . a n' i4 ReNA inνm r u 4 il {A Al iDi . ki4y #r aSi p i 4 p i mSi m 2R G i$m R' 4m naEl n a$m. ik8 i4 in,
N1 ena#i #r JdA NEl a4 i m leLi naiR=m
(i. i . 86)
en# u4l dAin#r. Bn u1iνL i8k=m , i4R4y an \m =n#i i8k=m. il iP i4m ey4 i4
iGBn
4 =m.
i4
ReN1l
μ ip ' a%ik i#n i8m*in#n. B i#4ii8n Bn iAikin#n. Bn \i4 o%ie R' i]m. Bnin ivi4l u#4iid1 31n n in uikin#r. L u#4ii8k=m an i$m +R#6m =n#i i8p G Bn u1il i8k=m
i4m
eyl
a i
en'r in#r.
i
'u#4iid1 e% νL u#$m u4i4r' (i. i . 144) enνE4l u m. i zm e 8N on#νk= r u =#ip all uL i1me R'm ain#. ivp , ikiL i4l u, e 8L u en'm dAr. i zm u aAki8l J# i8m*m 8 iνk= iK rp ai# .
152
i8in aDi4 R# ip 'e 1 i N14r' (i. i . 228) en# 1il in uL R#l aAkik J'i#r. ip 1il,
u#Sii i4il 8%n e i4 i dE$1νm Pi i$1νm p ik=m naik= r +N anm i NA e 131n JE4i8p $m o8 e i4 i8 k m naB 8iL e 8i41 naiR $m +N4e4n' i NA e N 431n JEk =K$m )9r4n 44Am o%i4Am iz$m o8 m i NA eE31νm p ip $m r)9xm %Am Sm8i%Am e 8ni naiR $m uk J#m. 9 en' ki#r. ip 1in (i. i . 228) a 4E oven#i6m m, 4im, m, m, =m, eNm en' aAki4 nai ivK%6m ur μE4 aDi4 i8K8 en G dAin# . i n' Re#8 1 'i8
ii4n' (i. i . 225) en m i8in i8K8 u aAk=%l 8iki# . + i4r
i#pe 8%$m
i
%$m m B18k= ur in#r. aR# urn na1 nan 4k=m. a4 +n {1R# iR=G e 8% a. ik8 i aAki4 u%l n in i$' in#r. i n4,
e =*l +'%il *m elm e RDl a%nn#n %l n e4νm nai k 1lL 2Dil i#n νn 1 G =%il an m in NA% e L= i%i m en# eNi4nal r Lnam iin # (i. i . 120)
153
en l u m. + i4r a8LeDi% i#νkep e 8L31n op idAk J'l imeDiL
4Km
i#n
eDi%
en
=#ip il
ur pe 'm. imeDi% dA aR#in Di na1n 1r μkip ' e 'r. i zm μki41rk=m in uL aAki dAi#r. i, a1lu m uNAizn a8kn a]k1n ]i4 nal %m 1e]ik rn dA Bk neDin %i# 1l 8m 4lDin r ni y nr m e R#r u1l μ u4ir #k=m 4 naB i u4rn m 2#i$rn on#i (i. i . 151) en#
1l
u m.
ip 1il
B8m
a1$m a 8 i4 4$m an u%l ur pe 'm. 2νm
r
i1 il
aizn
μkip '
uik=me 8%y
iA d1
e 8d%
u%k dAn Fm 44 idA naB =m n4i4 μ ip ' a14 i46m en ur i#r. n in 43m u e1r3L i * enm rn al {NA eN k . i ; il ar eN1 {A d1 ur i naiRin#. e p 1G dAm uL 4Km ;G Si id e%i$1n ur m 4il ain#. iki4 ena#i%il e 8L *p dER= uKm ue4νm u i i id ur m iki4p =i3k=m a8n 4y ain# .
154
5.2.1.2. 5.2.1.2. u8 e1rL u4in e#i u8=m. NE4 m,
u$m e 83m R' oDii one# dEn aq u8 =m
(NE. 36)
en' =#ik=m. u4p n' u8μm *p dER= i4 8i4=m. iv4il ip
8 p i nm
eNAL% u8 e1r3L i n'%k m.
y u4i i a m k=m 8 μil
(i. i . 11)
en# e1 il μil De Din uin a p *# i4k d=m i#n 8, +n e4l dER= μR#i6m i# en' n in =#iki#r. μil 6m 8 en '8μil' en' u u8 in#i u, e 8L en' ' 1 o8el naBr y an . μ iDik= 14y an naiR iL. ivi%l i#i 4r #i#i 8m. i 4 n4l B% μE4 1l en' i% n in u8iki#r. i 'il in uDlik=m ik1l' (i. i . 319) enνm aE46 m. ivK8m B% μE4 14iνm i naiRi# .
BNA G
ey$m
enνm
8 ik=
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . a8LeA p l D =l iEik=m (i. i . 255) en#
1E%il
1nrk=p
Di%i4
i K
a8%i4 l naB iiAm en' i% i8%Km a8%p Km u8p A in#r.
8e \e al N1 u4irk8m ek il
(i. i . 102)
155
en# aE%il kiena#i4in a84G dAn Fm i4in e%i R*' p Ai# . ine 8dAk rm, \m, ki a1 i4 iena#i4 aΝ a i A en' u8p A in#r. ; il i4 a#iK' i4 + i4r JR'k= #R#k ]k en' n in =#iki#r. i
ie8 kR# i dEp l64i8m A#p NΝ in# i i %in A ]k R#ik NΝ14r NA i
(i. i . 199)
enνm aE%l u m. R=#i u8 L *, i#n e 8, i4in i#p* +i4R# e%ip A i$ k a8 8i% ain#. 5.2.1.3. Em Em en u8 in e#i a=m. ij (Image) en# + iG el6k=k di e1r $m e1r $m o8 dAm Em en# el 2R# . [10] ip E L nuNe 8L n4il aR#p 8pe 8% u8i k di4kik R r e%iil u8m 4il a. 8 k%in nuNpe 8L E n4il a$m nud m e%iil i% =m. e G enl eR%l a$m 1 Em em. r a1eDi4 u8, u4 E u8km. n R 4 UNE e%ip 14 8 p *p A m 8p =i$m Em +m. i urGi4$m i#p i urGi4$m Ep r e 'm Nm Em i]m.11 . BiGi, '*ν u8k% eDi4il dAm μ#4 Ei4l ap =m' 12 en m iN nak k . iv4il in 43m EkJ'% iik m.
156
i i8i4 ai i ey4k 8i naiR=m n4 n in 'N*4l' en' 8iki#r. ikN*4i4 i%4d1 ReL i# i8kin#n.
nG
1rk=
i 4
urn eL3m a#i 8n Fm μ ik= 14y naiR=m 4 naB =i# . im4 n4k 'N*4l
i%4dA' en# E l ur , NA%i aEm1 iky nain# N*4l i%4d1k Dikin#
(i. i . 85)
en# aE%l u m. G e#i e%i4 i%k=m 4il i eyiL E %y uikp e 'm. im *L
'nai44m' en'm =#ikpe 'm. i n4il an k J#i n in m 1en#il i%ki$L%r. i#i4l i3m i%l i#i3m e1rn 8l JAm. ip i#i%$m i#i% 2R A m i%$m 1 rk= i#n naBki48Lin#n. 14rk=p i#i n m e1rn 8m. i4l μ%$m μ%kin# eE4l i$m #i #i n' l i%l i#i$m i#i4l i3m e1rin# en 'iμ%4in nai44 l' (i. i . 253) enνm aE4il =#ikin#r. ip E L
4Km
u4in
aEp 14il
an
k 8 % uy r i1G eyy ain#. 5.2.1.4. 5.2.1.4. =#i4BA =#i4BA en R 4in aEp 14il %rn r iki4 u i4=m. elk 8i4 o8 e 8%in uN n
2# D
ae4
ine8
e 8L
eNA
i%k=m u i4 =#i4BA +=m. ik=#i4BA elp i4m dAm uL3#, i#Gi enνm iki4 u i% o . +l
157
i4Rp e 8d%in ini4i al NAm en# nai4i =#i4BdER= il. u, u8m n' op*44 =#i4BAm ai# . =#i4BdAp e 8%l =#ikp Am e 8L uy p e # NAm. e%ip 14 ur p 1d1 . =#i4BdEn i n4 ap l =n,
op*#6m odA#6m Re#n#k =#ip ur m e 8L (object) =#i4BA ep Ai# . 13 en'r in#r. iv4il, n in 4n A m a8njeldiL =#i4BdAp e 8N4il ain#.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ei r 1p L%i n e L r $L ni4 (i. i . 133) enνm aE%il '1p L%i n m' en e]n i4 nakin i ν in Di4il n iνm G i % u kin#r en ur m. i ν i1 an*eNA 1p L%i4il (4#) eNA * in , eme 8i1m G i % urn eN1 i1m i4Gn m eNEn i#p l 1p L%i4Gn ep Ar. iGi#p '1p L%i n m' eνm e1r =#ip il ur i# . 5.2.1.5. 5.2.1.5. eNΝp e 4 i1l a% eNik4G d1Km a%i#n n4G d1Km eNΝp e 4rL 4%p Ain#. i eNik en# a%i all +=e 4 yp i#ien# ur m n4i6m a. e 8N4p *p A m ena#i%il i =#ip il ur m il ain#. ki4iki4 %il
i#in
N*%G
d1Km
oi4i 8i$m iveNΝG eRL 4%p Ain#. aνn i4 an,
158
anji on' e R#n anji on# i anji on' +# + i4rk 2i anji on' e R# a k N14r il anji on# n annam a%i k p n (m . p*. 31) enνm 1l eNΝG eR%il * k J'% uL%1ki4 ai# . ip 1il 'anj' (Ln ) enνm eRL njP %i4 Lm R#k =#ip . on' e 8m Ln m μ#4 R', naBr, +4m, Pi, B en R#G dA. i ip 1iνde in * *%in ini4i4 u i46m. iv4i4 n iin 1l%i6m eNΝG eRL d1p e 'in#. e%ip dER= i4 i 4n AR# iik m.
'μ ik8L m1 Fn'' (i. i . 3) enνE4il Fn' en# el
y
naiR=m
i ,
ai ,
i#n
enνm
μpe 8L% ur iR'. 6m i i4p e 8LL ep Am i8ni m, 4m, m +i4 μpe 83m Fn' en' e= G d1pe 'm. i,
Fn#il o8Fn'm Fi NAm μnnan=m (i. i . 4) n# e$m 4r enνm 1il u m. ip 1il imFn' e 8d%in eleNik p = G d1p Am. i8ni m Fn' eR% u144l o8 Fn' eKm 4m +' eR% u144l Fi NA eKm m ni8 eR% u144l μnnan= eKm eleNik4k eNA =#ip i1p e 'in#.
159
edA Fr i eNn eNEk= edE# eN i i8i edA L {n#eN = n ede1Νm eN= i4rk= edA reN i ieN i edE4 meN elm edA =medA ede1Νm edA i Km edE
(i. i . 84)
en# 1il edA en# eNΝpe 4r eN 4k =#ikpe 'm e 8LL 4i$m *p A m. edA Ei4 iEm, edAk NΝ14 i n, edA iL, aR#iR= i4 edAk1K%r, edAp i i8iL, edAL, in edAp N*L, * i4in edAp N*L, naR N*%i4 edA rL, edA i i, edAp i, edA 4m, edAG elm, B in edAp N*L, (ed1A edA u#D8m) a' nan= L, eNG L epe 'm i4K i8ni l
a14 k .
i zm
i#in
r
l4G d1 edA en# eNΝp e 4 in aAk= uKin# . i8ni m ede1] k% u14 . 4m i8e1 n an . on' e] eNik46m Re#n' e1e Nik46m
e 4 i1p dAL%.
'edAm
i NAm
a#i4 em' (i. i . 93) en# aE4il 'edA' i8ni $m, i NA 4 $m dA. i 1eDi4i6m 'a;1> m', ' 4m' ep Al eN k . i zm
eNΝpe 4r%,
i#
%$m
i#k 84$m i%k in 4NAL%r. 6m eNik44 i8ni m, 4m, m +i4 =#ip i1Km e 'in#. eleNik46m, e] eNik46m +=e 4 y iv i i4 L d1p e 'in#.
160
5.3. na4 - na4i m ui4il p Am u#K nai%il i#p i G elp A +1r e NErk= i14i 6r4=m ivKriR= μn n p kL e]n. ki i4km eDi ik6rK na4 - na4i yp im a1n . a ip 1lL, n - i +i4 i14 i4in nai4p e i m in J'in#. naAm m in Kk=k i8 l n# a i *L i#keLk=m 2R*144i. inena#i4il
{A Am
i#k
k
o8n
nk
8
i4k
na4
-
na4i
eNA, in
aEp 14 d 1=m. +zr3m m na4i4 Km i# k= i4 na4 Km 8ik 4p E4 1l3m arm kip *p dAk=k 8i%4i. 6m il i# na4y μn l +D R d1 on'. n na 4 me 8L en R*' m il 'ae8 n; a a1 Brd= a8m i' en e%ip A na4 - na4i m naiRin# . im il
iνm
m
1l%il
m
e N1n4 k eNA, 1l *n 'na4 - na4i m' eνm 8 i46k= i r L%r. iv4il ir E4
1lL
Fn'
+=m.
imFn'νL
i8 1lL
DiJR#Km o8 1l eii y JR#Km ain#. imFn' 1l3m i84Bni * m eyna4p R#ip 1p d1.
eDir eDi μmμ# 48m a4in4il n iDir iDien' inμ k1l +inain# iDir a8Ney4r elE NE4 eli4nl e Dir a rm P 8m* uni4 PD4 (i. i . 349)
161
DiJR'p 1il ' i8in aEeD i8m*m i avin m i1k4l n*'i#L. a n i nn e Di$m L i=ikin#' en#
en#
ape 8d
eyi
d1p Ai# .
ivp
e 8N
i84ini pe 8, 14 NAm en# Br i8p m +i4 eyi% i%k naiRin#.
+rk=m 8 e Din a4in4il nrn rkeN 1kN1 R *4il N i4 rk=m μizk=m iiriirk =meLi evK4irk=m rkin #rki naenel en' 4i6 (i. i . 352) enνm DiJR'p 16m i8in 8G i#p eA k=m. i 1 r 4rk=m 8 e Di$m eyna4k N1 i4in aKrK e 8keA nai4il narn a% eyp A% i%k=m n4il ai# . ip 1il 'R*4il' en ki nai4il niDn
i#nai4in
a8G
nai4il
{A d1
aE4 k =#iki# . n in eii y JR# an,
eR*1n on#i a4in4il evi Br8nen' aR* arn d18L NEnaiRp R i rney 4L E dE4 N*1e4m iR*8 keEk ri 4l e R# (i. i . 355) en# 1il i8L νm i84Bni * m eyna4 i8m*in#L en' J'i#r. 'i8l ik= narn l nayk= i8 8n . i am8n i8m i naiRin#L' en' eii =#ikin#L. ip 1il nai 4m i z i8m*m Br i4Km Brm nai4 NA i4p r eii4Km d1p dAL%r. i zm na4 na4i G dAm i i4r,
162
iνk= eyna4n B L% a%ik l i z e N n4 n . i n 2#idAk eLn#i y 8=m. *8< n μn* ni μin#ip n yk i1k=m uμ] m e Nn4=n#! i zm in %in n4 a1nr. 14 en' =#ip eN k . inna4 - na4i il i#in i i ini μm BrL i#G 1 k en m a zm 1 rm 6ryG d1p dAL%.
an in
e 8k=m
iki4 %il i4in ur, i JR# e%ip A iνm Di, eii, n JR# e%ip A m 1l% i=i4=m. ki rn ape 8% na4 - na4i il i#r JR#iνm i JR#y a$m 1l% e 8m n4=m. i4y n 8iAm aE4rm an in e]4 i JR'p 1lL i%k=m. +l ip i n il Di, eii +i4rm JR# an 1l% p Ain#. ikJR'L aE4 in N p e #i8m*m i#e8n, ap ki4 u8m n4i4 d1pe 'in# em. 6m namzr = zr n#r na4 - na4i il m na4i4yk 8ip Er. ar m u% eN1 n in, m Di4$m eii4$m Er en'm 8m. 1l R#i4 eyi μR=#ip id1 unai4il (5.2.1.1) i%kpe R# . im1Re 8N, i8 4zr i81il
'%i8m 1'r' en' a il an L% . 1#i p e R# r en 1n nai 4 m izip e R# Brk= op*4kp d1 .
163
5.4. 5.4. 4p i4l ena#iL Ae 83k=n 4il 4%p Am eDi4in ap* Em +=m. i u na14, ey$% a4m. u na1kJ' ip i i4 e1 p e #iνm L p i4r 84i4 eDip*R# . aR=μn Ae 83k= =n , i % i=i4k 4N1r. 1il 4%p Am e 8NkR# 4il oina4m i#n4 NAm ek 8i4 *r r l' urK kiR= 2R p , i % a k eN1r. iv4il n in njip , njip im naB 24 k%in *%k 4NA uL%r. eN : =#L eN - 2; na i eN - 15 +i i4p : naiNEm - 4; na i - 1 ip : eGk ip - 23. i eN
eNA# (ene1)-1 a'Br +i i4i8 m-12
e]Br +i i4i8 m-2
eNB i i4 i8 m-133 +i i4p
i'Br +i i4 i8 m-1
a'Br +i i4Gn i8 m-2 e]Br +i i4Gn i8 m-2 eNBr +i i4Gn i8 m-1 ni8Br +i i4Gn i8 m-1 iFn'Br +i i4Gn i8 m-1 in=Br +i i4Gn i8 m-3 i'Br +i i4Gn i8 m-3
i8 eNBr +i i4 i8 m-2 ip
d1%ki #-185
ii8 m-11
164
ip i n L o al i L a1 i4 i n 3m p , im i i4 i n 3m p Ain#. iv4il o al im a1 i4 i n L 8'. a'Br +i i4i8 m +i i4p im
eNBr +i i4i8 m eGk ip ii8 m
ip im
d1%k i #
i8ni G 8k= i8Gin i n m + nai4m a1kp a8 njm i i ni8nam 4G 8k= G 8k= Br i m
ip i n L 4Km i# k J'L i 2νm o8 e 8N4 dAm nul ain#. n# i8ni G8k= i8ni i4 'm na na 44' en n pe 8%; +n, , +n nai> u p dA e 8% u14 . i4n#i
24
i n L
4Km
k%,
i %k eN1in#. i 4 i n L 4Km m,
im,
*8<r m
enνm
Fn'
e 8%$m
i%k=Km %in G e#ii + yKm ain#. avpe 8Nk J#iνk= 2R p L eL%p dAL%. μmik4il naiNE +i i4m, na i eN , d1%k i # +i4Km nai4il 4 i8 3m d1%k i #$m 4%p dAL%. i4i NAm i iki4 4i. i zm
4p ik
4NAL%
n
in 'i #', 'i8 m' enνm eldi%G i14Km eNA ki#r. nai4il μRJ#i4 E i8 3m d1%k i #$m dA ain#.
165
innin 1en#il 'i8 m i #Km' (i. i . 365) en# aE4i 'i B \m i%rn =l e 8ni4' en# e 8L 1 akin#r. 5.5. 5.5. i4l μE*
5.5.1 1p in aEp 1p e 8% i%ki1k i\n eL3m μ4Ri4i4 e 8L *p A i =i# . e 8L *p dER=k 43m u i% aina4 iR=m μ8i46rKk=m 43m * iki4 %il p Ai# . il nuNe 8%p 8pe 8L eNA i%kiAm i4 u i3k= u i4 N ai# . i#n u i31n nuNe 8% i%k=m 1p* iki4 n4i$m o8 p e R'iAi# . im i4
iDin n
ki
iki4 L
in
;
i 4i. %
i%k=R=k 43m u iμ#L aΝpe R'L%. 5.5.2 u, u8 e1rL, Em, =#i4BA, eNΝp e 4 i1l μ u iL ip i n L 4%p dAL%. eNΝpe 4 i1l elnai u i4Km i# e1reDinai u i%Km ain#. i#in m, 8k =m, R#m, i4in e 8, nai 4 m i zK +i4 u%6m u8 %6m E %6m ur p Ain#. aAki4 uL 8 i i$' ik J'm μ#4il ain#. =#i4BA + i4 k =#ik 44iR'. eNΝp e 4 iAm * p e 8N4k =#ik=m +=e 4 y ain#. k =#ikKm i#n e 84G
d1Km
i
ip
i n L
4%p dAL%. 5.5.3 na4 - na4i m en# ape 8N rn u iμ# i#G N a1 ape 8L il ur m. in eii, Di JR# an 1l%il 6rK1n i#48% NAin#r.
166
5.5.4 4p i4l ena#iL en# =i ip i n in , i E % a#iμm ey L% . ip i n il i #$m, i8 μm i=i4p 4in' n L%. i #, i8 m en# eldi% i8e 8L 4p yk 4NAL%r. e p 1 nakin 1Re 8N4 an J' on# dAm i%k=4il o 4i E % in 4NAL%r. a zm a4 i i4 e 8Nk J'3k=p 1l3m y i i akp dAL%. im *L 4Km in e%ip A m k J'%, aR#in nud % e%iil u8m Nm eyin#. ne#N i%km 1. an r y, (e.e .), . 10 2. i.xn, ini4 \m, . 3 3. , . 135 4. , . 260 5. .. p i i4n, m n iki4 u iL, . 211 6. RL, i.i.#, * ki μpe 8m u iL, . 35 7. a.. \m nn, iki4k, . 147 8. i%mP r, el. e 8L. u i4l i%km 9. þ i i4r, ip i nm u , . 228 10. . B NE4n, ink i u iL, . 12 11. Lewis. C. Day, The Poetic Image, p. 18, p.23 12. . BiGi, i8 in i%il FnaBikd A, . 77 13. ap l =n, * ki4il =#i4BA, . 19 14. i i i4r, ip i nm u , . 349
167
μEK
0.
'ip
i n il
i'
en#n
ivyA
Lni4l% an i eνm e 8N ip i n il e zm an L% en aEp 1p e 8N4k eNAL% . ivn i4l%i6m N1#i4pe R# +yK μE*L i = e= p dAL%. 0.1 il ii;1 m 2R*k eL4 u14 . a m J'm *%il 'p dAp me 8L o8; an n na 4n en' in ki# . i 4m, im, *8<r m en' ii;1 ey4i4l ai# . iR#il ii4 i# a1$m Di%p ki, i en ain#. ki4i6m i4 iG i#n m e%i4 m +=m. inena#i ; in ED4 ai# . iG i4 %r il n iνk=p e 8m =NA. 0.2 n in ; il ip R'L% y iz arm zi4l naizGiL 4Km ; il ar eN1 {A d1 ur i naiR=m. izp i n %in e=p i4 ip i nm en nl% u14 . i e=p* i#
a1il
ik=
uL%
e 84$m
e%i4$m in ki# . 0.3 n in =#ip iAm k J'3L i4 i=n p Ai# . a1kp , i8ni G 8k=, 4G 8k=, G 8k= +i4R#in aEp 1p e 8%G i ai# . ena#i4in i#p*k=k G i4 a n in 8 in#r. i n L ip e 8N4k eN1Km 1nn eL%NE4 o]R#k J'Km ain#.
168
ki ena#i4il uL% i1r%p p 1 eA G i4in e%i n il ur p e 'in# . iG i$m o8μ# ReL%p 1 NAm. iDi 4n3k ReL%p 1 en n in i$' i#r. + i4r Di4il 1 k en' k=m n in n na 4 + i4 izin#n en'm =#ip iAi#r. 6m i#k 84 + k eN1 i ai# μEi# .
en#
nam ik
arm
i n %il
i a L +#Km LnKm d1pe 'm. a i4i4 +n nai> μm k 8 k . iv % n in aνJi4 l m, i iJi4 rm, rp i4m, p 8 m e μ#p A i#r. +n nai> m, +n rp m, rp m, rp m en# Fn#k =#ikpe 'i# . i8ni p e 8N4 imFn' e 8dL d1p Am. = k=p iE l (r1 nai44y) i il Br μ4Ri i4il eni# . i nr ev%K zn 4iνm i BA R# a%ip . +l kiena#i av#n' ep p 1k =#ip iAm n in +injn4μm an4i μm i nrk= in#i44 eni#r. i i4in aEp 1p N ur ain#. 6m p Km i ain#. ip i nr i8pr, +r r en'm =#ikpe ' ip i n i6m m. i nr ; in u4rGi4k 8i aii8n i naiRNAm en $m nai 4k r %G ey NAm en $m n in i$' in#r.
169
i4in L nanνL + i4 nai;14 i#nG d1pe 'i# . eiνm n in m 1nyG dAm 1l% +ynl nai;14il ar 1 u m. 0.4 i eνm ena#i i#l a8%pe R# . i#n 1n k p G dE4 a83 % eA Ln Fm Brk=G i4il nam ik4 n in 2R A i#r. 6m Di4Km, 4Km i#n naiRin# N*m a l eA kp dAL% . 4m a8%iG i4in 4G Br ykG ey i#k 84p p 1 n in #i$L%r. i4il *8< p i i4y i8L naiR i * eLi# . ik=G B uy G e6 m i#k 84 i8L i% =l ur p dAL% . i4il
i#n
ey
a1k
naizK%
eA p n Fm n in i4il +n {1R#m naiz u'i eyi#r. ir Br 1n i n y naiR=m a1km n R#' , i%p i n in naikR#' oDii BdAp ' a14 Di eyi#r. arGi i rky BA ' e 'G dAi1 %il +zr 1l%in k u μEi# . 0.5 RΝm pe 8N4 u p i m eνm u i6m i# u i%i6m n in e%iK A i#r. uL μ u iL a i4 uN% e%iil ur in#. i i# nai, B B i m, i4in n +i4R# ur in#. na4-na4i m enνm iki4 i6m i# a14 i8m*m Br N ur i$L%r.
170
4p i4l
ena#i%il
n
iin
i4R*
e%ip Ai# . 4 i %k 4NAL% ar m i%k i8m*m kJ#in i4l iRR i i4 o
Ei k% akin#r. 6m i #, i8 m enνm eldi%G i1p e 8%i6m 4NAL%r. iv u iL 4Km *, an G e], i4in n, an e%i +i4R#k R r e%iil u8m Nm eyin#. 0.6
RdE4
μE*%in
ini4il
ivydEl
eNA kp d1 8 L e 8n 4=m. in u4rK, i4in n +i4R#il n in eN1 nam ik$m u'ip A ip i nKm i# i nKm R#m e R# en' 8 %iR= arm 4p R' izi# . 0.7 njr *% eL%iin ur m 4il, 4G i %p *i4 nakil +yR=m i# k J'% +yR=m ivyA aE % a4m.
171
nR dE4l μn nl 1. i i i4r (u .+.), ip i nm, i idEl dfd i%r me i, en, 1995 nlL - iz 1. 2. 3. 4.
aN r4 Si, Prr4 m aGJ1m, en, 1950 ananr4r ( i.+.) =8 m p m, B P<m aGJ1m, i8liki, en, 1913 ap l =n, * ki4il =#i4BA, el e%i4BA, i , 1990 a8m. μ., iz iki4 ' - inm
7.
nR#NA, ni i i44m, i8GiR#m m, m, 1969 aDi4 i r iL (.+.), a#iKL%n a#i4 NE4 μp i NA, i m (e=p*nl), i8kL%m Si r4 )ii, en, 1995 an r y, (e.e ), en *kS, en. 1988 ini r i, iz iki4 %il m, izp
8.
* 4m, en. 1992 i i.μ., i n m, i8 m ip m, i i* m,
5.
6.
9.
m. 1989 -------------------, +r i%k= ami4mL, ip m, i i* m, m. 1989
10.
-----------------, zK, i8 m ip m, i i* m,
11.
m. 1990 i i.E.E.,
+zr
+ i4r
a i
i8 m
i%km,
( ip %r, +NA il) 12. 13.
i%mP r
(u .+.),
elp i4p
e 8%i m,
aNp lkDm, aNnar. 1961 u 4n. . . R#k i + yGi$m i 8 'm, iznaA e] e 8L aG #, iD a e%i4BA, en. 1978
172
14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
ni μi4r. ., uK 8 m, i nai4m, en. 1958 m r, m 4m - N1m (μR m), aNp lkDm, aNnar. 1957 ------, m 4m - $ N1m (μR m), aNp lkDm, aNnar. 1957 i8; i4r Si, i, )u ii E Sd, en. 1997 i8;Si ay4 r. eS., ( i.+.) e niD r, B4 Pri ; , i8Gi. 1978 -------------------, (u .+.) 4Bni B i - i%i, )urm e%i4BA, i8Gi. 1980 -------------------, P< v4k4na L,(i NA L) * Ur ak ( m, i8Gi.(+NA il)
21. 22. 23. 24. 25.
y4 r.+r.,( i.+.) ip p nm, E. r i ay4 r e%i4BA, яяi i S, kd1. 1952 ir4Si. i.en., ;n, i8p k idE4r, i8k=1n. 1996 in μi4r. . ., +zrL Dik= r ', D e%i4BA, en. 1975 in яu6. i., νяr, ip m, en. 1992
31.
1 r, a i4 B m, e l 4 na4r +r j aGkJ1m, en. 1904 ina4r, u.. ( i.+.), p dA Fμm naGirkii4r u $m, izp lkDm, nj¨r. 1986 ina4r, u.. ( i.+), iR'p Fμm D4 u $m, u..ina4r nl nai4m en. 1994 i nr, \4 i%km, i8; m, i8p y #, i8Gi. 1984 -----------------, ki4 i%km, i8; m, i8p y #, i8Gi. 1982 -----------------, B, i8; m, i8p y #, i8Gi. 1989 BiGi. . , i8 in i%il FnaBik d A,
32.
u iD yGi nai'm, en. 1994 p i i4n. .., m n iki4 u iL, ey4mp
26.
27. 28. 29. 30.
173
33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
ip m, k=E. 1989 p* e dE4r.na., μkiena#i, inai4m, en. 1982 ------------------, ar njm, inai4m, en. 1994 ------------------, Gelm, izp lkDm, nj¨r. 1995 \m nn.a.., iki4k, D e%i4BA, en. 1975 NE4i i4r, NE4 m, D e%i4BA, en. 1963 naGirkii4r, (u .+.), i e, izp lkDm, nj¨r. 1984 ------------------, elp i4m - e 8%i m, aNp lkDm, aNnar. 1986 na imn. i.+r. , *m eype 8%i46m, i;Ν ip m, . 1987 naяn, + i4rL m, i i i m, en. 1982
na n. .e. (u .+.), a' ikm, izp lkDm, nj¨r. 1991 iDr (u .+.), i8k=#L, Dm, en. 1956 iDr, i 1l, Br aGkJ1m, en. 1956 #. i.i. , * ki - μpe 8m u iL, i8L
46.
nai4m, en. 1986 np r n1, ir ip m, i i* m, m. 1990
47.
n. .i . ( i.+), ivi4 m i4r *z,
48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54.
nR#ni,
i8 m
e%i4Bd1m, nj¨r. 1993
n.E.en.eS., i m - yK, (4k B i 4 B1m, en. 1993
m S, i, i, B i S, kPr. 1993
яяi, i%k=, i ip m, en. 1978 xn.i, ini4 \m, Di4p i rS, en. 1960 ili* U zr, ili m 8m, . я i4r ip*, S1r i m, en. 1985 i inr, 84m (e.e .), i8; 1m, 4ipPr, en. 1981 B NE4n. ., inkk i u iL, iμ p ip m, en. 1985
174
55. 56.
1ie dE4r. i., n ir m, i8l i8ena#i n#m, * . 1966 n in, S4 4 ) m (i8 =iL)
57.
p r: i.+r. Si ay4 r, nj¨r. 1959 i4i n.e., izp N dA ', i N1m m,
58. 59. 60. 61.
aNp lkDm, aNnar. 1989 eя dn (u .+.)., na4i iv4p i nm, +zrL +yK 4m, en. 1993 νяG i4r, B ;4m, νя i n , nji* m. 1966 я44lяB 4n, B R n 4nL; ) 4 G 1l μki(e.e .), B i S, kPr. 1955 я44lяB 4n ( i.+), B, B i S, kPr. 1999
nlL - + im 1. Aravamudhan.T.N., Varadaraja Panchasat - A Study, Sri Hayagreeva sdsVidhya Peetam, Chennai. 1990 2. Lewis. C. Day, The Poetic Image, Jonathan Cape, London. 1961 3. Raghavadasan, Visishtadvaitam and Vedanta Desika's Sri Nyasa sddDasakam, Sri Vedanta DesikaResearch Centre, Chennai. 1998 4. Satyavrata Singh.A., Vedanta Desika - A Study, The Chowkamba sdfSanskrit Series, Varanasi. 1958. %nji4 L 1. 2. 3. 4.
k %nji4m, e=i - 5, iz %rGikDm, en. 1958 k %nji4m, e=i - 9, iz %rGikDm, en. 1963 zi4R %nji4m, e=i - 8, izp lkDm, nj¨r. 1991 (' ip*) zi4R %nji4m, e=i - 9, izp lkDm, nj¨r. 1988
175
: nain (i4 na
n in 1 nlL in a8%i4 iv4)ukiL S k n L 1. (4k BS m 2. S m 3. i4na) nam 4. imi 5. S i 6. PS i 7. S i 8. n4)m 9. 4m 10. a BiSm 11. na4 nj 12. я nj 13. 4k iS m 14. a;1*я;1m 15. )i;1m 16. r S i 17. iB i 18. aG$m 19. (%BS i 20. n4)im 21. =B 4m 22. <1$S i 23. )urna;1m 24. 81N1m 25. 81 nj 26. 4i я)pi 27. k4 njm 28. n4imi na1 k nm 1. ) l )9r44m
v4 k n L 1.
(S4k n L 1. )mp 4 i i 2. i 3. (S4 i 4. 8 5. (S4 8 6. )nm 7. (S4)nm 8. (S4)ni m 9. na%i 10. na%i p i 4 ) k (m 11. (S4 na%i h84m 12. 4%m 13. a 4p na) m 14. (S4ii 15. anjяi m 16. p nam 17. u ) k (m 18. ) ) k (m 19. μnai(na m 20. ih84m * 21. ) nam 22. m 23. (Sii i( i4m 24. (S4 4) m 25. ) ) m 30. i i( m 31. nai i%m * 32. i8μE41K *
176
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izp i n L 1. ai8 nji 2. ai i m 3. ai8ii 4. m 5. m 6. eyi ni4m 7. a1kp 8. a8 njm 9. i i 10. i8Gin 11. ni8nam 12. i8ni G8k= 13. 4G8k= 14. G8k= 15. Br i m 16. μmik 17. nai 18. n * 19. Dl * 20. am * 21. l * 22. 2l * 23. i n m 24. + nai4m
177
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179
in 43m nm e1r GeR3m a8njeR3m ay - ude 8L aim - i njm, um a i - aki a - B4 , m ai - a 4m aE - m, + m m, , _____i8E aE - r4m aE$ - FeDi, 1eDi a1km - kNE4 e 8L a1 l - rp i l, ii l, 1 l, aE4k=l, eA l a n - n, i, u4rnn a - += ai i - i anm - el, aDiK, a%K an m - i i4m ani - μEK, na m annai4r - N1%r ananm - el4R# a4m - am a4n - i n a4 i m - i m i m a4m - u 4m, i ikp Am ________e 8L a N - p*, u 4m a K - rp m, +i1n a8 - mk=m, Bn a8kn - m i4n a8nai - mk= nai alDk= - o]km, Dk= a= - a%K a l - P am - A, =R#m aDl - aki, m a%i l - di l anr - (mr a n - nn anann - +i1n a m - ep m aνim - in'm aνi l - i l +N1n - ini n +m - B m +m - p i m
+m - ki4 in r a m + - =R#m + - i + m - an*, +l +i - m +4n - n + nl - n i m +ip* - rm, anj\m +i - i $ +Di - 1l, k m +' - u 4m, nai +'l - N A l, Brl, il i4l - o l i8Em - ini i4m i8 - i8 km i8naim - an# Pi i8i - *N4μm, μm il - BA ikm - a14%m ikm - eN ik= - idi4m i= - *, e%i iDil - i]l, i =l, _________{A Al i%mnai - zn nai i# - +L n, na4n, { n i#njl - 1l i#n - i, ene 8n in e - +nk Jd1m {νl - 1 l um - i NA uir - nam udN - \kN u1m - B m ur i - naiK u i - 4i u i l - eA keL%l u m - 4i' un l - Bie4#il, e]p*l u i - m um r - r, nai i4 m iL u4m - i4m u m - m* u m - r* u8 - am, e i u - u m, eGil
180
uni - u4rK Di - i %4m, $m, R m n - B m, im edAi% - edA ik=p r edAFr i - edA u8μ14 ______________in eNN - edA NΝ14 i n ei r - ( ;4 r) _________i νяr em - ki 4 in r a m eμ #r - +%nr 2ni - on#i u'i$14n _________o nai L r - m d r o%inaL - k dm Ai - eE4 8m N - i N *4l - NmPGi r - r r - iL i - u 4m, n, Di, i m Kl - R#ikeL%l m - ini i4m Ei i - a ii i m - ini i4m, J m ii i - a ii i 8m - 1, 84m 8 - 8p i 8i - ini i4m 8i - m i i L - i*81r%in Jd1m l - i, + i i - 8m =1l - B m = i m - aR m =rkm - =$ki =#i - a14%m, m, u 4m, ______ik= m - nj, 1m ' - i $ m %r l - m 11l m - um m - R' m - dAp A G - m 1 = - i m - *Ni4m iA - ) i i4m nena#i - rkm m - i4in r a m i - i 4m N - u 4m, m
n - aνdEp n m - u 4m ii - akii i - m in eR* - a ii i iR#in m - aR m i ena#i - m m - aR m r - r i - ν Dil - i8m*l m i4r - nai i4 m iL mzl - % l ei l - я m eyl - \m - a, u 4m r - e % r i l - NAi l ni m - , u 4m iena#i - i mnaE Di iz# - ivi4p i nm l - =l %m - iz - ki 4 in r __________a m m - p m %m - ik=i1m i4k= - rK i8 - rK im - m njl - anj\m Νk= - 4m - m $'l - u l k= - m nm #i - ' # - u 4m, Di i - r e8L - im e - m nm, e1rGi el - anai na1m - =R#m naNΝi l - r l na - 14m nam - m, m, 4 nainm - nm nai4m - ki 4 in r a m nai - nai;1, 4 m, 4 m, anud1m, u 4m, i4m, u'i, m, rkm, nai i8 l, =m, i m, nai
181
nai#i4r - P \μ14r ena#i - u 4m, Di nari - mk= * i km - 1G i r - rL Ei l - {A 1G eyl El - 1l ii - m im - = m - m i - u 4m i - + m, m, i1m nm - 8 m nm - ii l 4 l - i8dE l 4i6l - iG4m eyl, J'l, {A Al, anu)ni l, aν i l m - m d1 n m - e 'p*, 1 i4r - i ii4r n - u4rnn ii - m i4n, i m iμr - a4k Br m - m m R' - +, u i, u 4m, keL%l, i m -
iG - i m i * m - B m *l - u 4m * m - anai * n - anai *8
#4r - niL nνl - i1l, nai e 'l ν - ni m m - e i4 m, i 4m - a m 4 - F i i8i n - u#n enνm m m - i m, a%K μEGi m - ni4m μ i - BA ' p ' μl - m μGi m - i mG i4m Fe] - i m ey - u8m, 4m, B m 4m - a#i4p Am e 8L Kl - rl, R#1l - =R#m, 8 4l - anj\m eDi - n m =p* - ap* 4m - m i l - m a1l, R i l, 2R#l, R'l Di - u 4m, rkm NE - m m - mki, u m i - i4m, i#p* ena#i - rkm r - r, nai i4 m iL i1i - m i4p*,i4n - +G i4m, idm i = - ='k= Di i - ik m iDi - 1dm i%km - Pяnam iGi'n - 81n iDi - rkm BA - dm eL=l - Jl, ed1l eR* - e#i - e#inai - anj\na m - 4m i - 4i im - i m
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