Rsiqueira,mario,0719547

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thepyra is a multipurpose LED fitting for bollard illumination. bollard functions include road traffic control, casual path illumination, mooring of ships and access conditioning in general. For these purposes it is usualy necessary to place a light source so that it can be seen by vehicles drivers and passers-by in general without glaring them. It is thus very convinient to use a LED as light source as it is very efficient at providing the right illumination for this purpose. the default design of thepyra creates a textured ring halo effect instead of the traditional soft glow on the ground. Also the refraction of light in the diffuser recalls the image of a glowing gem (similar to a lighthouse).

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1. adaptable cap 2. concave reflector (aluminium) 3. diffuser (pressed glass) 4. concentrator (aluminium) 5. high-powered LED (3V) 6. support+heatsink (aluminium) A. grooves disperse heat

© 2008, Mario R Siqueira & Brunel University

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thepyra can be adapted to different bollard soluA tions to provide. Using a special reflector and correct customized cap a corporate logo can be A slightly illuminated with part of the up-light. The ring effect can also be customized by tooling different textures to the diffuser’s sides. DETAIL A

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initialbrief initial brief as provided by Remote Control Lighting

“Your project is to design an architectural lighting fitting”

light&architecture lighting is as a crucial aspect of architecture as structural integrity of a site or the optimal usage of its space. light in architecture have different functions and here are some examples

by Erin the Actor @ flickr.com/photos/theatrdiva/418462081/

by wink @ flickr.com/photos/wink/288049750/

images not referenced are in public domain or originals

by Joben @ flickr.com/photos/joben/136917989/

by IHP @ flickr.com/photos/ihp/117213552/

LEDlighting Light Emitting Diode lighting (also called Solid State Lighting) solutions have improved in recent years and are starting to replace traditional halogen and fluorescent lighting. LED have a much longer lifespan and are more efficient that traditional light sources.

halogen bulbs are incandescent bulbs filled with inert gas and a halogen gas. This halogen gas improves the lifespan of these bulbs compared to traditional incandescent bulbs and increases the efficacy by allowing higher filament temperatures at equivalent power. As it operates at higher temperatures it requires more safety measures than other bulbs. This technology allows higher color temperatures.

by AntonGF @ flickr.com/photos/antonfomkin/3045744275/

incandescent bulb produces light letting flowing electric current heat a thin filament until it emits light. Despite being very inexpensive to produce and easy to use this technology is very

(compact) fluorescent lamps (CFL) are gasdischarge lamps that uses electricity to excite mercury vapor. These lamps convert electricity to light more efficiently that incandescent bulbs but requires a ballast to regulate the electric current, increasing its manufacturing complexity. CFL contains mercury - toxic.

inefficient, converting 90% of the energy into heat

instead of light.

LED has been used for several decades as visual indicators to electronic devices. In recent years we started to witness the use of LED in lighting solution. LED can be produced in any colour avoiding the need for colour filters. They are also: very efficient,

very small, very long lifespan and technically easier to control its features (ie. focus, wavelength, etc). Contrary to fluorescent lamps, LED does not contain mercury (toxic). The main current disadvantages include high cost of production, temperature sensitivity (reduced lifespan at high temperatures) and requires complex electronic systems to regulate current. But most of these issues are currently being tackle by the industry as LEDs starts to replace traditional light sources.

@ www.dansdata.com/ images not referenced are in public domain or originals

bollards|functions

by yersinia @ flickr.com/photos/yersinia/1164365342/

by milouvision @ flickr.com/photos/milouvision/2890339579/

by paco_calvino @ flickr.com/photos/paco_calvino/2316520857/

by milouvision @ flickr.com/photos/bambooly/1894747331/

by alisdair @ flickr.com/photos/alisdair/426699691/

by duncandragon @ flickr.com/photos/12295204@N06/2424887396/

by historyanorak @ flickr.com/photos/historyanorak/518433747/

lighting is as a crucial aspect of architecture as structural integrity of a site or the optimal usage of its space. light in architecture have different functions and here are some examples of bollards (with or without light) in public and private spaces

by ltrebing @ http://flickr.com/photos/ltrebing/2761200384/

themarket the bollard market includes those used in public places (roads, streets, squares, ...)

Panorama, erco lighting

Skyguard, prisma lighting Joker Line 4 prisma lighting

lightingeffects some lighting effects in bollards

by zack_mensinger @ flickr.com/photos/zack_mensinger/370434719/

by erikamatthias @ flickr.com/photos/erikamatthias/2756334878/

@ flickr.com/photos/20965406@N00/255878698/ @ flickr.com/photos/8743524@N03/3108091984/

lightingeffects

by richard_winskill @ http://flickr.com/photos/richard_winskill/166872406/

by bitterjug @ flickr.com/photos/bitterjug/1255671383/

by igoryariv @ http://flickr.com/photos/igoryariv/2324376327/

by true-illusion @ flickr.com/photos/true-illusion/2438970348/

by ldj_design @ flickr.com/photos/ldj_design/

concept|theme most bollards in the market provide a soft glowing halo on the ground. some exceptional solutions produce a different effect. using the right combination of lens, reflectors and diffusers I intend to produce a more define and clear effect on the ground around the bollard. Moreover, the fitting should be able to adapt to different design of bollards and well as different clients.

cap

reflector unit

concentrator

“heatsink”

inspirational words and images that left marks. a lighting bollard like a lighthouse by sergecampo @ flickr.com/photos/sergecampo/724576629/

lighthouse glass beams Pháros beacon verticality fire flames

barrier stop/halt border fence glow diamond

colossus of Rhodes prometheus

by jason lloyd @ flickr.com/photos/jason_lloyd/2278590247/

“looks like a crystal of light”

by visbeek @ flickr.com/photos/visbeek/2608933128/

images not referenced are in public domain or originals

by renet @ flickr.com/photos/renet/12135813/

haloeffects different possibilities for the glowing halo of a bollard

soft circles

soft elipsis

defined ring

images not referenced are in public domain or originals

haloeffects this effect would try to emulate a strong downwar spot-light, away from the bollard itself. tests were made using a flat mirror and a concave mirror. the distance between the LED and the reflective surface turned out to be too great to make this design practicle

concentrator LED

images not referenced are in public domain or originals

experimentation

OFF

Bent mirror reflects a eliptic halo

ON with a acrylic frosted cup around the LED

ON with a acrylic frosted cup around the LED and flat mirror on top ~10cm away from cup

ON with a acrylic frosted cup around the LED and flat mirror left on top

ON with fixed focus camera lens shining at a concave mirror notice the riple effect on the ground

experimentation

using the out-of-the-box lens and flat mirror reflector at ~5cm

...same lens, curved mirror

...same lens, concave reflector at ~5cm

...same lens, flat mirror AND concave mirror just beneath it.

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material&swatches thepyra would be manufactured using pressed glass for the diffuser and aluminium. the convex dome-shape concentrator and the concave reflector would be made of reflective aluminium.

“Reflective aluminum or “lighting sheet” has a mirror like surface and is made from high purity aluminum with specific photometric qualities to control light.” - anomet.com the diffuser pressed glass can be textured so that the halo diffused by it can get different textures.

material&swatches for the proof-of-principle prototype the pressed glass raplacement is acrylic and the reflective aluminium replacement is polished stainless steel

proofconceptprototype convex dome “punched out” of a stainless steel sheet. Inner surface has been extensively polished to acchive the highest reflection possible

pre-made domeh

proofconceptprototype LED circuitry is protected inside the chocbox(TM). Yellow foam support simulates a bollar diameter although the fitting distance from the base can be changed according to bollard design variations

finalexperiments

incontext the texture on the rings could be changed by tooling the diffuser’s sides

images not referenced are in public domain or originals

incontext modifications on the diffuser can allow minimal uplight to illuminate corporate logos or public instructions

images not referenced are in public domain or originals

appendix sketches and visual brainstorming

images not referenced are in public domain or originals

appendix sketches and visual brainstorming

images not referenced are in public domain or originals

appendix sketches and visual brainstorming

images not referenced are in public domain or originals

appendix sketches and visual brainstorming

images not referenced are in public domain or originals