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Production Process Development : an idea is fleshed out into a viable script Pre production : the movie is designed and planned Production : the movie is actually created and shot Post production : the film is assembled by the post production team Distribution : the movie is released to festivals, cinemas, then to DVD
Visualisation & Conceptualisation Create a film within your limitations – think always about how many characters, locations, props etc are going to be required for you to complete your production Keep aware of locations, snippets of dialogue etc begin keeping a filmmakers diary - Watch movies, listen to music, write down ideas & sketch diagrams
Plot A series of imaginary events designed to create anticipation at a high pitch Essential elements: A believable and sympathetic lead character; Their urgent and difficult problem;
Their attempts to resolve the problem, which fail and make their situation more desperate; The crisis, their last chance to win; ...the successful resolution, brought about by means of the central character’s own courage, ingenuity, etc.
Screenwriting Care about your story Know your characters Beginning, middle & end Don’t let your screenplay get top-heavy with dialogue
Paradigm of Dramatic Structure Syd Field
Screenplay Formatting Spec vs Shooting script 12 point Courier font, double spaced Slug lines The Business Dialogue
Storyboarding Storyboarding is the process of producing sketches of the shots of your script Communication tool - NOT work of art Difficult sequences vs all scenes Arrows - thick=camera moves, thin=subject moves Use a ‘floating frame’
1) Keep the area you have to draw in small 2) Copy up a set of storyboard sheets 3) Sketch in pencil 4) Scribble down short notes 5) The overhead plan 6) Number your shots
Production Design Production design deals with the look & feel of the film Significant research necessary See like a cinematographer and understand the subtleties of the screenplay as the writer does We must be able to understand how locations can work with the action and characters to produce the type of audience understanding that a film needs to succeed
Production Scheduling Traditionally done by the Production Manager or the First Assistant Director in Pre-production 1. Read the Script. 2. Mark up your Script. 3. Prepare a Script Breakdown.
4. Prepare your Production Board. 5. Schedule your Shooting. 6. Get approvals from all involved. 7. Budget your time and money.
Framing & Composition The orderly arrangement of elements in a scene which, when taken as a whole, conveys intent and meaning Static composition and dynamic composition Headroom, Talking Room, 180 degree rule
WS (VLS) LS MLS MS MCU CU BCU ECU
Compose around a Single Centre of Interest Think of each shot as a statement! Focus Light Horizontal & Vertical lines Visual perspective ‘Dutch’
Lighting Light levels Practicals, replace globes, reflectors Colour temperature & white balance Quartz, HMI (Hydrargyrum Medium Arc-length Iodide), Fresnels, Ellipsoidal Spots, Camera Lights Following source
3 Point Lighting Setup
Sound Types of mics; omni-directional, cardioid, supercardioid (shotgun), lavaliere Heirarchy; Boom, plant, lavaliere, radio Elements; Narration, music, sound effects, dialogue
Edit Theory The act of completing the pacing and narrative structure of a film and its soundtrack by cutting and splicing the shots together to make a final, comprehensible story Continuity; preserves the fluidity of an event without showing the entire scene Causality, motivation, Eyeline match, Action match, Parallel editing, Inserts & cutaways
Relational editing; Shots which by themselves seem not to be related take on a cause-effect significance when edited together in a sequence Thematic editing; Images are edited together based only on a central theme
Editing Guidelines 1) Edits work best when they are motivated 2) Whenever possible cut on subject movement 3) Cut out of the first scene as the person's eyes pass the edge of the frame on the right and then cut to the second scene about six frames before the person's eyes enter the frame of the next scene
4) Cut away from the scene the moment the visual statement has been made (complexity vs. familiarity) 5) Emphasize the B-Roll 6) If in doubt, leave it out
VFX Film vs. HD workflow (scanning) Importance of organisation in storage Magnitude of equipment All VFX are not necessarily immediately obvious
Step 1 - Scanning (2K resolution) Step 2 - 3D Processes (Tracking, Modeling, Setup, Motion Capture, Animation) Step 3 - 2D Processes (Painting, Compositing)
FIN.
Ambush John Frankenheimer
Chosen Ang Lee
Star Guy Ritchie
Powder Keg Alejandro González Iñárritu
Production Process Development : an idea is fleshed out into a viable script Pre production : the movie is designed and planned Production : the movie is actually created and shot Post production : the film is assembled by the post production team Distribution : the movie is released to festivals, cinemas, then to DVD
Visualisation & Conceptualisation Create a film within your limitations – think always about how many characters, locations, props etc are going to be required for you to complete your production Keep aware of locations, snippets of dialogue etc begin keeping a filmmakers diary - Watch movies, listen to music, write down ideas & sketch diagrams
Plot A series of imaginary events designed to create anticipation at a high pitch Essential elements: A believable and sympathetic lead character; Their urgent and difficult problem;
Their attempts to resolve the problem, which fail and make their situation more desperate; The crisis, their last chance to win; ...the successful resolution, brought about by means of the central character’s own courage, ingenuity, etc.
Screenwriting Care about your story Know your characters Beginning, middle & end Don’t let your screenplay get top-heavy with dialogue
Paradigm of Dramatic Structure Syd Field
Screenplay Formatting Spec vs Shooting script 12 point Courier font, double spaced Slug lines The Business Dialogue
Storyboarding Storyboarding is the process of producing sketches of the shots of your script Communication tool - NOT work of art Difficult sequences vs all scenes Arrows - thick=camera moves, thin=subject moves Use a ‘floating frame’
1) Keep the area you have to draw in small 2) Copy up a set of storyboard sheets 3) Sketch in pencil 4) Scribble down short notes 5) The overhead plan 6) Number your shots
Production Design Production design deals with the look & feel of the film Significant research necessary See like a cinematographer and understand the subtleties of the screenplay as the writer does We must be able to understand how locations can work with the action and characters to produce the type of audience understanding that a film needs to succeed
Production Scheduling Traditionally done by the Production Manager or the First Assistant Director in Pre-production 1. Read the Script. 2. Mark up your Script. 3. Prepare a Script Breakdown.
4. Prepare your Production Board. 5. Schedule your Shooting. 6. Get approvals from all involved. 7. Budget your time and money.
Framing & Composition The orderly arrangement of elements in a scene which, when taken as a whole, conveys intent and meaning Static composition and dynamic composition Headroom, Talking Room, 180 degree rule
WS (VLS) LS MLS MS MCU CU BCU ECU
Compose around a Single Centre of Interest Think of each shot as a statement! Focus Light Horizontal & Vertical lines Visual perspective ‘Dutch’
Lighting Light levels Practicals, replace globes, reflectors Colour temperature & white balance Quartz, HMI (Hydrargyrum Medium Arc-length Iodide), Fresnels, Ellipsoidal Spots, Camera Lights Following source
3 Point Lighting Setup
Sound Types of mics; omni-directional, cardioid, supercardioid (shotgun), lavaliere Heirarchy; Boom, plant, lavaliere, radio Elements; Narration, music, sound effects, dialogue
Edit Theory The act of completing the pacing and narrative structure of a film and its soundtrack by cutting and splicing the shots together to make a final, comprehensible story Continuity; preserves the fluidity of an event without showing the entire scene Causality, motivation, Eyeline match, Action match, Parallel editing, Inserts & cutaways
Relational editing; Shots which by themselves seem not to be related take on a cause-effect significance when edited together in a sequence Thematic editing; Images are edited together based only on a central theme
Editing Guidelines 1) Edits work best when they are motivated 2) Whenever possible cut on subject movement 3) Cut out of the first scene as the person's eyes pass the edge of the frame on the right and then cut to the second scene about six frames before the person's eyes enter the frame of the next scene
4) Cut away from the scene the moment the visual statement has been made (complexity vs. familiarity) 5) Emphasize the B-Roll 6) If in doubt, leave it out
VFX Film vs. HD workflow (scanning) Importance of organisation in storage Magnitude of equipment All VFX are not necessarily immediately obvious
Step 1 - Scanning (2K resolution) Step 2 - 3D Processes (Tracking, Modeling, Setup, Motion Capture, Animation) Step 3 - 2D Processes (Painting, Compositing)
FIN.
Ambush John Frankenheimer
Chosen Ang Lee
Star Guy Ritchie
Powder Keg Alejandro González Iñárritu
