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ECONOMIC IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN BANGLADESH

A Thesis Submitted to the [Name of the Faculty / Department], [Name of the University] in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of [Name of the Degree]

Under the Supervision of

[Name of the Supervisor] [Designation with Affiliation]

Submitted by

[Name of the Student] [Registration Number: ] [Session: ]

[Month Year]

I recommended that this thesis has been prepared under my supervision by

[Name of the Researcher]

[Registration No: ] [Session: ]

Titled

ECONOMIC IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN BANGLADESH be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of [Name of the Program] under the [Name of the Faculty], [Name of the University]

……………………………………. Supervisor [Name of the Supervisor] [Designation of Supervisor with Academic Affiliation]

ii

DECLARATION

I hereby declare that except where specific reference is made to the work of others, the contents of this dissertation are original and have not been submitted in whole or in part for consideration for any other degree or qualification in this, or any other University. This dissertation is the result of my own work and includes nothing which is the outcome of work done in collaboration, except where specifically indicated in the text.

Name: Reg No. : Session : 2015-2016 Department of Business Administration-General Faculty of Business Studies Bangladesh University of Professionals

iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

iv

DEDICATED TO MY BELOVED PARENTS

v

ABSTRACT

The Abstract is:  A summary of the content of the study  A time-saving shortcut for busy researchers  A guide to the most important parts of your manuscript’s written content

Your Abstract should answer these questions about your manuscript:  What was done?  Why did you do it?  What did you find?  Why are these findings useful and important? Mention the following:  problem statement  objective of your research  methodology of the research  key findings  conclusion An abstract is a single paragraph, without indentation, compendious summary of a paper's substance including research question, background, purpose, methodology, results, and conclusion in 175 to 275 words.

Keywords: Keywords are a tool to help indexers and search engines find relevant papers. If database search engines can find your journal manuscript, readers will be able to find it too. This will increase the number of people reading your manuscript, and likely lead to more citations. Usually, 5-8 keywords are allowed to write. However, to be effective, Keywords must be chosen carefully. They should:  Represent the content of your manuscript 

Be specific to your field or sub-field

vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS Pages

1

Acknowledgement

ii

Abstract

iii

List of Tables

iv

List of Figures

x

List of Abbreviations

xi

Introduction

1-11

1.1 1.1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 2

Literature Review

12-23

2.1 2.1.1 2.2 2.2.1 3

Methodology 3.1

24-39

3.1.1 3.2 3.2.1 4

Results

40-69

4.1 4.1.1 5

Discussion

70-79

5.1 5.1.1 6

Conclusion and Recommendations 6.1

80-85

6.2 References

86

Appendix

90 vii

LIST OF TABLES Table No. Title Page Table 2.1 Summary of the findings of important literature reviews 12 Table 3.1 22 Table 4.1 36 Table 4.2 41 Table 4.3 43 Table 4.4 45 Table 4.5 46

viii

LIST OF FIGURE Figure No. Figure 3.1 Figure 3.2 Figure 3.3 Figure 3.4 Figure 3.5 Figure 3.6 Figure 4.1 Figure 4.2 Figure 4.3 Figure 4.4 Figure 4.5 Figure 4.6 Figure 4.7

Title The conceptual framework of the study

ix

Page 25 26 27 27 28 35 37 37 38 39 40 42 44

LIST OF ABBREVIATION Symbol CB-SEM CFA EDA EDA EFA FA FGD PLS-SEM RMSE SEM

Description Covariance Based-Structural Equation Modeling Confirmatory Factor Analysis Exploratory Data Analysis Exploratory Data Analysis Exploratory Factor Analysis Factor Analysis Focus Group Discussion Partial Least Squares Based-Structural Equation Modeling Root Mean Square Error Structural Equation Modeling

x

Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION

1

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1

Background of the study

1.2

Rationale / Significance of the Study

1.3

Operational Definitions

1.4

Problem Statement

1.5

Research Questions

1.6

Research Objectives

1.7

Research Hypothesis (if any)

[Concluding Remarks with giving idea what you are going to present in the next Chapter] 2

Chapter 2 LITERATURE REVIEW

3

CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW

[Prelude / Introductory Remarks in order to give idea about what you have already presented in the previous chapter and what you are going to present in this chapter]

2.1

Literature Reviews based on Thematic Aspects

2.2

Literature Review based on Methodological Aspects

2.3

Literature Review based on Chronological Aspects

2.4

Summarizing the Findings of Literature Review in Tabular form with References

2.5

Stating the Research Gap based on Literature Review

[Concluding Remarks with giving idea what you are going to present in the next Chapter]

4

Chapter 3 METHODOLOGY

5

CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY

[Prelude / Introductory Remarks to maintain the flow of the report]

3.1

Study Area & Target Population

3.2

Data & Data Sources

3.3

Questionnaire Design

3.4

Research Design

3.5

Sample Design

3.6

Conceptual Framework

3.6

Research Method

3.6.1 Test for Association 3.6.2 Multiple Linear Regression 3.6.3 Exploratory Factor Analysis 3.6.4 Confirmatory Factor Analysis 3.6.5 Structural Equation Modeling

[Concluding Remarks with giving idea what you are going to present in the next Chapter] 6

Chapter 4 DATA ANALYSIS

7

CHAPTER 4 RESULTS

[Prelude / Introductory Remarks]

4.1

Descriptive Analysis

Gender Cumulative Frequency Valid

Percent

Valid Percent

Percent

Female

216

45.6

45.6

45.6

Male

258

54.4

54.4

100.0

Total

474

100.0

100.0

Table 4.1: Gender Distribution of the Respondents Gender Female Male Total

Frequency 216 258 474

8

Percent 45.6 54.4 100.0

4.2

Inferential Analysis

Coefficientsa Standardized Unstandardized Coefficients Model 1

B (Constant) Educational Level (years) Beginning Salary Months since Hire Previous Experience (months)

Std. Error

Coefficients Beta

-16149.671

3255.470

669.914

165.596

1.768

t

Sig.

-4.961

.000

.113

4.045

.000

.059

.815

30.111

.000

161.486

34.246

.095

4.715

.000

-17.303

3.528

-.106

-4.904

.000

a. Dependent Variable: Current Salary

Table: Results of multiple regression analysis to find the factors of salary B (Constant) -5167.96 Educational Level (Years) 3401.18 Duration of Job (Months) 69.24 Previous Experience (Months) 1.24 Gender [0 = Male and 1 = Female] -8267.97 F-statistics (ANOVA) 113.04 R-Square 0.71 Dependent variable: Salary of the employees

9

Std. Error 6328.82 221.76 56.06 5.79 1260.16 P-value

t

P-value

-0.817 15.337 1.235 0.215 -6.561 0.000

0.415 0.001 0.217 0.830 0.001

4.3

Summary of Result

[Concluding Remarks with giving idea what you are going to present in the next Chapter]

10

Chapter 5 DISCUSSION

11

CHAPTER 5

DISCUSSION

[Prelude / Introductory Remarks]

[Concluding Remarks with giving idea what you are going to present in the next Chapter]

12

CHAPTER 6 CONSLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

[Prelude / Introductory Remarks]

6.1

Conclusion

6.2

Recommendations

6.3

Limitation of the Study and Further Research Direction

13

APPENDIX Appendix Table 4.1: Association between intention to stay and gender of the employees for the private service sector in Bangladesh

Response Total

No Yes

Gender Male Female 51 37 71 66 122 103

14

Total 88 137 225

REFERENCES Ahmed, A & Alam, M 1999, ‘Development of climate change scenarios with general circulation models’, in S Huq, Z Karim, A Asaduzzaman & F Mahtab (eds), Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Change for Bangladesh, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht/Boston/London, pp. 13–20. Alauddin, M & Hossain, M 2001, Environment and agriculture in a developing economy: Problems and prospects for Bangladesh, Edward Elgar Publishing, London. Alauddin, M & Tisdell, CA 1987, ‘Trends and projections for Bangladeshi food production: An alternative viewpoint’, Food Policy, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 318–31. Chandrappa, R, Kulshrestha, UC & Gupta, S 2011, Coping with climate change: principles and Asian context, Springer, New York. DOE (Department of Environment) 2007, Climate Change and Bangladesh, Bangladesh Government & United Nations Development Programme, Dhaka.

15

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