ECONOMIC IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN BANGLADESH
A Thesis Submitted to the [Name of the Faculty / Department], [Name of the University] in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of [Name of the Degree]
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Titled
ECONOMIC IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN BANGLADESH be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of [Name of the Program] under the [Name of the Faculty], [Name of the University]
……………………………………. Supervisor [Name of the Supervisor] [Designation of Supervisor with Academic Affiliation]
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DECLARATION
I hereby declare that except where specific reference is made to the work of others, the contents of this dissertation are original and have not been submitted in whole or in part for consideration for any other degree or qualification in this, or any other University. This dissertation is the result of my own work and includes nothing which is the outcome of work done in collaboration, except where specifically indicated in the text.
Name: Reg No. : Session : 2015-2016 Department of Business Administration-General Faculty of Business Studies Bangladesh University of Professionals
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
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DEDICATED TO MY BELOVED PARENTS
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ABSTRACT
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Pages
1
Acknowledgement
ii
Abstract
iii
List of Tables
iv
List of Figures
x
List of Abbreviations
xi
Introduction
1-11
1.1 1.1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 2
Literature Review
12-23
2.1 2.1.1 2.2 2.2.1 3
Methodology 3.1
24-39
3.1.1 3.2 3.2.1 4
Results
40-69
4.1 4.1.1 5
Discussion
70-79
5.1 5.1.1 6
Conclusion and Recommendations 6.1
80-85
6.2 References
86
Appendix
90 vii
LIST OF TABLES Table No. Title Page Table 2.1 Summary of the findings of important literature reviews 12 Table 3.1 22 Table 4.1 36 Table 4.2 41 Table 4.3 43 Table 4.4 45 Table 4.5 46
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LIST OF FIGURE Figure No. Figure 3.1 Figure 3.2 Figure 3.3 Figure 3.4 Figure 3.5 Figure 3.6 Figure 4.1 Figure 4.2 Figure 4.3 Figure 4.4 Figure 4.5 Figure 4.6 Figure 4.7
Title The conceptual framework of the study
ix
Page 25 26 27 27 28 35 37 37 38 39 40 42 44
LIST OF ABBREVIATION Symbol CB-SEM CFA EDA EDA EFA FA FGD PLS-SEM RMSE SEM
Description Covariance Based-Structural Equation Modeling Confirmatory Factor Analysis Exploratory Data Analysis Exploratory Data Analysis Exploratory Factor Analysis Factor Analysis Focus Group Discussion Partial Least Squares Based-Structural Equation Modeling Root Mean Square Error Structural Equation Modeling
x
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION
1
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background of the study
1.2
Rationale / Significance of the Study
1.3
Operational Definitions
1.4
Problem Statement
1.5
Research Questions
1.6
Research Objectives
1.7
Research Hypothesis (if any)
[Concluding Remarks with giving idea what you are going to present in the next Chapter] 2
Chapter 2 LITERATURE REVIEW
3
CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW
[Prelude / Introductory Remarks in order to give idea about what you have already presented in the previous chapter and what you are going to present in this chapter]
2.1
Literature Reviews based on Thematic Aspects
2.2
Literature Review based on Methodological Aspects
2.3
Literature Review based on Chronological Aspects
2.4
Summarizing the Findings of Literature Review in Tabular form with References
2.5
Stating the Research Gap based on Literature Review
[Concluding Remarks with giving idea what you are going to present in the next Chapter]
4
Chapter 3 METHODOLOGY
5
CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY
[Prelude / Introductory Remarks to maintain the flow of the report]
3.1
Study Area & Target Population
3.2
Data & Data Sources
3.3
Questionnaire Design
3.4
Research Design
3.5
Sample Design
3.6
Conceptual Framework
3.6
Research Method
3.6.1 Test for Association 3.6.2 Multiple Linear Regression 3.6.3 Exploratory Factor Analysis 3.6.4 Confirmatory Factor Analysis 3.6.5 Structural Equation Modeling
[Concluding Remarks with giving idea what you are going to present in the next Chapter] 6
Chapter 4 DATA ANALYSIS
7
CHAPTER 4 RESULTS
[Prelude / Introductory Remarks]
4.1
Descriptive Analysis
Gender Cumulative Frequency Valid
Percent
Valid Percent
Percent
Female
216
45.6
45.6
45.6
Male
258
54.4
54.4
100.0
Total
474
100.0
100.0
Table 4.1: Gender Distribution of the Respondents Gender Female Male Total
Frequency 216 258 474
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Percent 45.6 54.4 100.0
4.2
Inferential Analysis
Coefficientsa Standardized Unstandardized Coefficients Model 1
B (Constant) Educational Level (years) Beginning Salary Months since Hire Previous Experience (months)
Std. Error
Coefficients Beta
-16149.671
3255.470
669.914
165.596
1.768
t
Sig.
-4.961
.000
.113
4.045
.000
.059
.815
30.111
.000
161.486
34.246
.095
4.715
.000
-17.303
3.528
-.106
-4.904
.000
a. Dependent Variable: Current Salary
Table: Results of multiple regression analysis to find the factors of salary B (Constant) -5167.96 Educational Level (Years) 3401.18 Duration of Job (Months) 69.24 Previous Experience (Months) 1.24 Gender [0 = Male and 1 = Female] -8267.97 F-statistics (ANOVA) 113.04 R-Square 0.71 Dependent variable: Salary of the employees
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Std. Error 6328.82 221.76 56.06 5.79 1260.16 P-value
t
P-value
-0.817 15.337 1.235 0.215 -6.561 0.000
0.415 0.001 0.217 0.830 0.001
4.3
Summary of Result
[Concluding Remarks with giving idea what you are going to present in the next Chapter]
10
Chapter 5 DISCUSSION
11
CHAPTER 5
DISCUSSION
[Prelude / Introductory Remarks]
[Concluding Remarks with giving idea what you are going to present in the next Chapter]
12
CHAPTER 6 CONSLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
[Prelude / Introductory Remarks]
6.1
Conclusion
6.2
Recommendations
6.3
Limitation of the Study and Further Research Direction
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APPENDIX Appendix Table 4.1: Association between intention to stay and gender of the employees for the private service sector in Bangladesh
Response Total
No Yes
Gender Male Female 51 37 71 66 122 103
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Total 88 137 225
REFERENCES Ahmed, A & Alam, M 1999, ‘Development of climate change scenarios with general circulation models’, in S Huq, Z Karim, A Asaduzzaman & F Mahtab (eds), Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Change for Bangladesh, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht/Boston/London, pp. 13–20. Alauddin, M & Hossain, M 2001, Environment and agriculture in a developing economy: Problems and prospects for Bangladesh, Edward Elgar Publishing, London. Alauddin, M & Tisdell, CA 1987, ‘Trends and projections for Bangladeshi food production: An alternative viewpoint’, Food Policy, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 318–31. Chandrappa, R, Kulshrestha, UC & Gupta, S 2011, Coping with climate change: principles and Asian context, Springer, New York. DOE (Department of Environment) 2007, Climate Change and Bangladesh, Bangladesh Government & United Nations Development Programme, Dhaka.
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