R05320804-bio-chemical-engineering

Set No. 1

Code No: R05320804

III B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008 BIO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING (Chemical Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆ 1. Describe the structure and functions of various membrane bound and non-membrane bound cell organelles? [16] 2. (a) What are the differences and similarties between enzymes and synthetic catalysts? Explain (b) Give the classification of enzymes and the major classes of reactions that they catalyze. [8+8] 3. (a) What is the importance of membrane transport in cells? (b) Define membrane permeability and give its units. (c) Compare the salient features of passive diffusion, facilitated diffusion and active transport. [4+4+8] 4. Describe the features, configuration and operation of a CSTR and explain its advantages and limitations? [16] 5. Conversion of starch to fructose is a very important commercial process. Describe the production of high fructose corn syrup with a neat flow diagram. [16] 6. (a) Wall growth functions as a second, nonsterile feed that prevents washout. Explain this phenomenon. (b) Show that the biomass production rate with recycle is greater than the nonrecycle biomass production by a factor of [(1-a(b-1)]−1 . [6+10] 7. (a) Discuss about continuous sterilization of media with neat schematic diagrams. (b) Mention the advantages and drawbacks of continuous sterilization.

[10+6]

8. (a) Distinguish between mechanical and non mechanical methods of cell disruption (b) Define and explain electrophoresis and chromatography. ⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

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[8+8]

Set No. 2

Code No: R05320804

III B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008 BIO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING (Chemical Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆ 1. (a) Proteins can serve diverse biological functions. Write about any five. (b) Write the reaction involving the formation of simple proteins by condensation of amino acids. Indicate the formation of a peptide bond. (c) What is an amino acid residue? Give two examples.

[10+3+3]

2. (a) Starting with the Michealis-Menten equation for simple enzyme kinetics with one substrate, obtain the expression relating time and substrate concentration. (b) An enzyme with a Km of 1×10−3 M was assayed using initial substrate concentration of 3×10−3 M. After 2 min, 5 percent of the substrate was converted. How much substrate will be converted after 10,30 and 60 min? [8+8] 3. What is Immobilization and describe the different types of Enzyme Immobilization? [16] 4. With the help of typical growth curve, discuss in detail growth cycle phases for batch cultivation and suggest ways of reducing lag times. [16] 5. Discuss in detail about carbohydrates with suitable examples.

[16]

6. (a) For a CSTR cell reactor with recycle, show that µ D = 1−a(b−1) and discuss the effect of recycle on dilution rate and biomass production rate, assuming a constant yield factor. (b) Experiments with CSTRs propagating cell populations sometimes allow higher dilution rates without washout than the theory of ideal CSTR indicates. Explain this phenomenon and show how wall growth prevents washout. [10+6] 7. Name the microorganism used for citric acid production. What is the basis for commerical biochemical citric acid process? Briefly explain the citric acid recovery process with a neat flow diagram. [16] 8. (a) Distinguish between mechanical and non mechanical methods of cell disruption (b) Define and explain electrophoresis and chromatography. ⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

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[8+8]

Set No. 3

Code No: R05320804

III B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008 BIO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING (Chemical Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆ 1. (a) Describe the general characteristics of the following: Ribosome, Mitochondria, Chloroplast. (b) Give an account of protozoa and algae, with an example for each.

[6+10]

2. (a) Starting with the Michealis-Menten equation for simple enzyme kinetics with one substrate, obtain the expression relating time and substrate concentration. (b) An enzyme with a Km of 1×10−3 M was assayed using initial substrate concentration of 3×10−3 M. After 2 min, 5 percent of the substrate was converted. How much substrate will be converted after 10,30 and 60 min? [8+8] 3. (a) Name at least three materials used for enzyme immobilization by i. Physical adsorption ii. Ionic binding (b) Discuss about various physical methods used for enzyme immobilization.[6+10] 4. (a) Write the equations for specific growth rate inhibited by substrate and product. (b) Define yield coefficient based on biomass and product, and show how they are used in steady state cell and product mass balance. (c) Write the Monod equation and explain its parameters. What are its limitations? [4+6+6] 5. What are carbohydrates? Explain in detail with examples.

[16]

6. (a) Describe the various configurations of CSTRs used for enzyme-catalyzed reactions. (b) Derive the general substrate balance equation for the single enzyme catalyzed reaction S→P taking place in a CSTR. [10+6] 7. Give a simplified schematic of the overall mechanism of anaerobic digestion and describe the process in detail. [16] 8. Discuss briefly various purification procedures in down stream operations. ⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

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[16]

Set No. 4

Code No: R05320804

III B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008 BIO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING (Chemical Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆ 1. (a) Name the five nitrogenous bases found in DNA and RNA nucleotide components and mention whether they are derived from purine and pyrimidine. (b) Write about the important derivatives of adenosine. Draw their chemical structure. (c) Define a coenzyme and name three important coenzymes derived from nucleotides. [4+8+4] 2. (a) What are the differences and similarties between enzymes and synthetic catalysts? Explain (b) Give the classification of enzymes and the major classes of reactions that they catalyze. [8+8] 3. (a) What does immobilization of enzymes mean? Give the various reasons for immobilization. (b) Discuss in detail the physical methods of immobilization.

[4+12]

4. Describe the transient growth kinetics with a neat sketch, explain the phases of growth? [16] 5. Give a detailed account of carbohydrates with suitable examples.

[16]

6. (a) Discuss the principle, working and operation of a batch bioreactor with a neat sketch. Explain the collection of kinetic information and its interpretation in the same. (b) Write a note on enzyme catalyzed reactions in CSTRs.

[8+8]

7. (a) For a batch fermentation process, describe the development of an incolulum from a stock culture. (b) Write a detail about the special design features that are required to maintain aseptic conditions in a typical aerobic fermentation process. [6+10] 8. Discuss in detail about precipitation method used for recovery of proteins and enzymes. [16] ⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

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