Propoal
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FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY MINNA, NIGER STATE, NIGERIA M.Eng COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
A PROPOSAL ON POWER LINE COMMUNICATION USING A NETWORK BASED PROTOCOL FOR THE CONTROL OF POWER SWITCHES USING THE EXISTING HOUSE WIRING/POWER LINE (SMARTHOME). BY ARIGBEDE ADEYEMI OLUWAFEMI MENG/SEET/2006/1488 DEPARTMENT:
ELECTRICAL/COMPUTER ENGINEERING
PG COORDINATOR:
DR. Y.A ADEDIRAN
INTRODUCTION This proposed project is called Power Line Communications. This means the main objective is sending some type of signal over a power line, using modulation or another similar method to transmit the signal over the line, where it can be picked up and demodulated or make usable again by some other method. This project was selected because it solves a common problem many people have today, which is sending signals throughout a building without running additional wires. The idea involves placing a light sensor outside of the home, and using boxes inside the home connected to lamps, etc, it would turn them on or off based on the light level outside. This is an exciting project because it is something which is very marketable, and could make peoples homes safer, since the lights would turn on even when they are not home. THE OBJECTIVE The objectives of this project would incorporate the following features available to the end user: •
Light sensor placed outside so it can be plugged in and forgotten about, instead of timers or other methods of controlling lights, etc, which require being reset as the seasons change, since sunrise and sunset times are constantly changing.
•
Compatibility with existing homes and wiring. This type of system would require no new wiring, and very little technical
knowledge to install, since it would simply involve plugging in the outside sensor and placing a switch box between the lamp plug and the power outlet. The main product features are as follows: •
PIC-based design to encode signals using X10 protocol
•
Transmitter with photosensor and selectable light levels at which to activate
•
All powered from the 240V ac power lines
•
Multiple receiver capability
DESIGN The block diagram for this system is shown in Figure 1. This shows the signal flow overview for the system. In general, the system can be viewed as a unidirectional system, with communication flow from left to right. Figure 1. Block Diagram of System
VERIFICATION MEASURES
240V OUTPUT
The performance of this system will be based on its ability to accurately transmit and receive data. This may be shown as a specified distance requirement, such as being able to transmit over an internal power line distance of, say, 100 or 200 feet. This amount would be determined by the normal maximum distance required to transmit from any point in the house to any other point, the farthest distance
away. Other performance requirements would be the ability of the PIC or other microprocessor to accurately encode X10 signals from the sensor data, and decode the X10 back into usable data. Other requirements which should be met are the the power handling of the receiver, and hysteresis of the sensor (constant switching during an intermediate light level can be avoided using an op-amp). Appropriate graphs could include a spectral analysis, or FFT of power line signals to make sure there isn’t too much noise in the band X10 uses to transmit. Also, simulation graphs, showing input and output signals from the PIC would verify that the programming is performing correctly, and purposeful data malfunctions to judge system adaptability to errors or data corruption resulting from any power line situation which may commonly occur. Possibly the most important part of the system, and the most critical in choosing the right part for the application, is the photo sensor. This will most likely be a photoresistor. The tolerance of this variable resistor is crucial to the operation of the system, since any deviation in the resistance observed at a particular light level would result in abnormal operation, resulting from any calibration done for a particular light level being invalid. The effects on this component from temperature, both externally imparted and self created, must also be known, since the resistance or other electrical quantities can be negatively affected by a temperature change. Because of the nature of
this product, the outside sensor box must be able to withstand the weather. It should have tolerance to function correctly under the heat, cold, and elements such as the rain or snow.
Schedule Weeks 1st nd 2 -3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th
week week week week week week week
Deliverables Research specific parts. Write up Proposal Order Parts. Write schematics needed for design review. Build and test sensor components Build and test transmission/reception logic Put together all components, debug Additional debugging, and Demo Turn in final papers and lab notebooks
TASKS Sourcing of Sensor Components, 240V Output Logic, interface with thePL513 and TW253, PIC functionality, interface with the PL513 and T REFERENCE
1. X10 Modules (sold separately). You plug Wireless Cameras into Addressable. Power Supplies (sold separately). 1. Plug the TM751 Transceiver into any 120V AC ...ftp://ftp.x10.com/pub/manuals/tm751-is.pdf ( Online) 2. Using the Two-Way X-10 Modules with HomeVisionX-10 recently introduced several modules (such as the LM14A lamp module) that can ... When module A-1 receives this signal, it will transmit a single X-10 ...www.csi3.com/app_7.pdf ( Online) 3. Homelinux. X10 10 CORE API. http://x10.homelinux.org/, 2003.( Online) 4. Edward A. Lee. Overview of the Ptolemy Project, Technical Memorandum UCB/ERL M03/25, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA, July 2, 2003.
5. Edward A. Lee and Yuhong Xiong, "Behavioral Types for Component-Based Design," Memorandum UCB/ERL M02/29, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, September 27, 2002. 6. http://www.powerlinecommunications.net/ (Online) 7. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_line_communication( Online)
A PROPOSAL ON POWER LINE COMMUNICATION USING A NETWORK BASED PROTOCOL FOR THE CONTROL OF POWER SWITCHES USING THE EXISTING HOUSE WIRING/POWER LINE (SMARTHOME). BY ARIGBEDE ADEYEMI OLUWAFEMI MENG/SEET/2006/1488 DEPARTMENT:
ELECTRICAL/COMPUTER ENGINEERING
PG COORDINATOR:
DR. Y.A ADEDIRAN
INTRODUCTION This proposed project is called Power Line Communications. This means the main objective is sending some type of signal over a power line, using modulation or another similar method to transmit the signal over the line, where it can be picked up and demodulated or make usable again by some other method. This project was selected because it solves a common problem many people have today, which is sending signals throughout a building without running additional wires. The idea involves placing a light sensor outside of the home, and using boxes inside the home connected to lamps, etc, it would turn them on or off based on the light level outside. This is an exciting project because it is something which is very marketable, and could make peoples homes safer, since the lights would turn on even when they are not home. THE OBJECTIVE The objectives of this project would incorporate the following features available to the end user: •
Light sensor placed outside so it can be plugged in and forgotten about, instead of timers or other methods of controlling lights, etc, which require being reset as the seasons change, since sunrise and sunset times are constantly changing.
•
Compatibility with existing homes and wiring. This type of system would require no new wiring, and very little technical
knowledge to install, since it would simply involve plugging in the outside sensor and placing a switch box between the lamp plug and the power outlet. The main product features are as follows: •
PIC-based design to encode signals using X10 protocol
•
Transmitter with photosensor and selectable light levels at which to activate
•
All powered from the 240V ac power lines
•
Multiple receiver capability
DESIGN The block diagram for this system is shown in Figure 1. This shows the signal flow overview for the system. In general, the system can be viewed as a unidirectional system, with communication flow from left to right. Figure 1. Block Diagram of System
VERIFICATION MEASURES
240V OUTPUT
The performance of this system will be based on its ability to accurately transmit and receive data. This may be shown as a specified distance requirement, such as being able to transmit over an internal power line distance of, say, 100 or 200 feet. This amount would be determined by the normal maximum distance required to transmit from any point in the house to any other point, the farthest distance
away. Other performance requirements would be the ability of the PIC or other microprocessor to accurately encode X10 signals from the sensor data, and decode the X10 back into usable data. Other requirements which should be met are the the power handling of the receiver, and hysteresis of the sensor (constant switching during an intermediate light level can be avoided using an op-amp). Appropriate graphs could include a spectral analysis, or FFT of power line signals to make sure there isn’t too much noise in the band X10 uses to transmit. Also, simulation graphs, showing input and output signals from the PIC would verify that the programming is performing correctly, and purposeful data malfunctions to judge system adaptability to errors or data corruption resulting from any power line situation which may commonly occur. Possibly the most important part of the system, and the most critical in choosing the right part for the application, is the photo sensor. This will most likely be a photoresistor. The tolerance of this variable resistor is crucial to the operation of the system, since any deviation in the resistance observed at a particular light level would result in abnormal operation, resulting from any calibration done for a particular light level being invalid. The effects on this component from temperature, both externally imparted and self created, must also be known, since the resistance or other electrical quantities can be negatively affected by a temperature change. Because of the nature of
this product, the outside sensor box must be able to withstand the weather. It should have tolerance to function correctly under the heat, cold, and elements such as the rain or snow.
Schedule Weeks 1st nd 2 -3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th
week week week week week week week
Deliverables Research specific parts. Write up Proposal Order Parts. Write schematics needed for design review. Build and test sensor components Build and test transmission/reception logic Put together all components, debug Additional debugging, and Demo Turn in final papers and lab notebooks
TASKS Sourcing of Sensor Components, 240V Output Logic, interface with thePL513 and TW253, PIC functionality, interface with the PL513 and T REFERENCE
1. X10 Modules (sold separately). You plug Wireless Cameras into Addressable. Power Supplies (sold separately). 1. Plug the TM751 Transceiver into any 120V AC ...ftp://ftp.x10.com/pub/manuals/tm751-is.pdf ( Online) 2. Using the Two-Way X-10 Modules with HomeVisionX-10 recently introduced several modules (such as the LM14A lamp module) that can ... When module A-1 receives this signal, it will transmit a single X-10 ...www.csi3.com/app_7.pdf ( Online) 3. Homelinux. X10 10 CORE API. http://x10.homelinux.org/, 2003.( Online) 4. Edward A. Lee. Overview of the Ptolemy Project, Technical Memorandum UCB/ERL M03/25, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA, July 2, 2003.
5. Edward A. Lee and Yuhong Xiong, "Behavioral Types for Component-Based Design," Memorandum UCB/ERL M02/29, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, September 27, 2002. 6. http://www.powerlinecommunications.net/ (Online) 7. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_line_communication( Online)
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