Professional Adjustment And Nursing Management

PROFESSIONAL ADJUSTMENT ETIIICS -Comes from the Greek word Ethos means moral duty "It studies how people make judgment in regard to right or wrong -It is about making choices that arc best for the individual or society at certain times and particular situation,and then evaluatingsuch and outcomes choices that arc best for the individual or society at certain times and particular situation, Jnd then e\ Jlll.llln); such and outcomes MORALITY society [t is a specific way of behavior of accomplishing ethical pmctices [I is the right or wrong, good or evil, proper or improper, cruel or benevolent acts Professional Ethics . is a branch or moral sciencc conccrned with the obligations that a member of the profession owes to the public Health care Ethics- is the division of ethics that relates to human health Bio-ethics- is a specific domain of ethics that focuscs on moml issues in the field of health care ETlIICAL PRINCIPLES & APPROACHES A. TELELOGICAL APPROACH -.L. Comes from the Greek word telos or "goal or end" � "Thc right thing to do is the good thing to do" "'. Also termed as the utilitarianism where the good resides in the promotion of happincss or the greJtcsl net increase of pleasure over pain ...j If the act helps people, then 11 is a good one, and i f i t hum people, then 1I:l b:ld one (Joseph Fletcher) GUIDELINES FOR MAKING ETHICAL DECISIONS: I. Consideration for people as hum:ln beings 2. Consider:ltion of consequenccs 3. ProporlionJtc good to come from the choices 4. Propriety of aClu:ll needs over idea! or potential needs 5. A desire to enlarge choices and reduce ehJnee 6. A eourJgeous JeceptJnec of the consequences oflhc decision S. DEONTOLOG1CAL APPROACH � Comes from the Greek word deon which means duty � "It is only through dutiful actions t hat people have montl worth. Even when individuals do not \\allt to fu lfill their duty, they ne required to do so" (Imman uel Kant) C. VIRTUE ETHICS APPROACH .... Comes from the Creek word arete ..L Focuses all the traits and virtues of a good person such as courage, temperance, wisdom and justice D. DIVINE COMMAND ETHICS -.j.. Based on the theory that there is a supreme or divine being that sets dOl\ II the rulcs to IlrO\'idc guid �ncc to moral decisions. NURSING ETHICS .j... Is the examination of all ethical and bio-ethical issues from the prospective of nursing theory and nursing ethics ( Johnston) -i- Is the field of nursing that focused on the needs and experiences Gf practicing nurses, the e)."(lloration of its meaning and that of ethical practice in terms of the perception oflhese nurses (Vercoe)

UNIVERSAL PRINCIPLES OF BIOMEDICAL F.TIlIeS AUTONOMY Comes from the Greek word Autos meaning self and Monos me'H1illg governance, It involves self .. detel'lnin:u ion and freedom to choose and implement one's decision, frec from dc(cit, durcss, constraint 01' (oelTion, VERAClTY The truth, accuracy or pCfcision of something The truthfulness or honesty of a person Beneficence It promotes doing acts of kindness and mercy that directly benetlt the p:'lticnt. PATIENT'S BILL OF RIGHTS The right to considerate and respectful care The right to relevant, current and understandable information concerning diagnOSiS, treatment prognosis, specific procedures, treatment, risks involved, medically reasonable alternative benefits needed to maj,e informed consent The right to make decisions regarding his plan of care; in case of refusal he is entitled to other lIPIII'Opri.\te care and service or be transferred to another hospital The right to have ad\'ance directive( such as a living will) concerning trealment or desigllaling:1 surrog
Some Cases that have reached worldwide .attention are: Terri Schiavo'S stom.ach feeding tube w.as removed upon his husband's request to the court as she "as in ,I persistent vegeu, Ove state for 15 A couple who conceived ar child in the hope that the baby would be a bone marro" donor for ii'S seven year old sister who is acutely ill for leukemia A couple convicted of manslaughter for the death of their 2 Y, year-old son iJee:lUse they failed to seek medical attention and the baby died of intestinal obstruction RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE NURSE TO THE PATIENT'S Th � primary responsibility of the nurse is to give the patient the best of care regardless of the race, creed, colo!", nationality or status The nurse should be f:l.miliar with the patient's bill of rights and observe its pro\isions Nurses should not accept tips or expensive gifts th:1I may induce them to give more care to f:l\ored patienb :lnd neglect those who cannot give When engaged in an agency, the nurse should complete the length of time stipul:lled in the contnlct Nurses should commit themsel\'e. � to the welfare of those entrusted to their care. They should be loyal to their own sworn duty. CO]'\"FIDENTIALlTY OF INFORMA nON may only be revealed when: The patient himself/herself permits such revelation as in the case of claim for ilospitalization, insurance benefits, among others The case is medico-legal such as attempted suicide, gunshot \\ounds which h:l\'e to be reported to the 101';,1 police or NBI or constabulary The p:l.tient is ill of communicable disease and public safety may be jeopardized Gh·en to IIlelnbers of the health team if information is relevant to hi � c:,,·(" PATIENT'S RESPONSIBILITIES Pro\iding information Complying with Instructions Informing the physician of refusal to treatment Paying Hospital charges Following hospital rules and regulations Showing respect and considerations BILL Of" RIGHTS FOR REGISTERED NURSES Nurses have the right to practice in a manner that fulfills their obligation � to societ) and to those who re �ei\<.' nursing care Nurses have the right to practice in environments that allow them to act ill :lceordance with jlrofe ��ional standards and legally authorized scopes of practice Nurses have the right to.a work environment that supports and facilitates ethical practice, in accordance wilh the code of ethics for nurses and its interpretive sl:Uements Nurses have the right to freely and openly advocate for themselves and their patients, without fear of retributioll J'liurses have the right to fair compensation forlheir work consistent with their knowledge, e:l.]lericn �e, and professional responsibilities Nurses have the right to a work environment that is safe for themselves and their patients Nurses have the right to negotiate the conditions of their employment, either as individuals or colll' �ti\'el �, in �Il practice settings

J{ESI'ONSIBILITIES OFTHE NURSE TO THE PIIVSICIAN It shlill be the duty of the nurse to: Pro\-ide nursing care through utiliz:oItion of the nursing process. Nursing care includes, but not limiled 10, tr2ditional and innovative approaches, theupeutic use of self, executing heliith care techniques and Ilrocedures. comfort measures, health teachings, and administration of written prescription for treatment, thcnlllies, oral, fOplcal and parenteral medications, internal eX:'lInination during labor in the absence of antenat:ll blecdinl: ;lIul delivery. In c:lse of suturing of perineal [accration, s[lccial traininl: shall be provided :Iccordinl: to protocol established. RESPONSIBILITIES OF NURSES TO TIIEIR COLLEAGUES RESPONSIBILITIES OF NURSES TO THEMSELVES MORAL PRINCIPLF,S I.The Golden Rule 2.Thc 1\\0 fold Efreci a. Thallhe aclion muSI be morally good b. Thal lhe good effect most be willed and the bad effecl merely attuned c. Th:l.llhe good effect musl not come from an evil aclion but from the .action ilself directl) d. Thllt the good mu �ct be greater th:oln the bad effeci 3. The principle o f t ot:ollily 4. Epikia "Excepllon to the General Rule" S. One who :oIcts through an :oIgent Is himself responsible 6. No one is obliged to betr.ay himself/herself 7. The end does not justify the means 8. Defects of nature may be corrected 9. If one is willing to cooperate in the act, no injuslice is done 10 him/her 10. A linle more or less does oot change the substance of an 2=1 I I . The gre:uest good for the greatest number 12. No one is held to the Impossible 13. The morality of cooperation 14. Principle relating 10 the origin .and deSlruction ofJife TilE GOOD SA:\1ARITAN LAW This law provides immunily frolll civil liability when :1 p('rson pro\·ide, a �'d\t:"LCC ill :111 CLL1l'I·):"'LI" � CODE OF GOOn CQVERNANCF, Promulgated by the PRC on July 23, 2003 Stales th:tl the hallmark of all professionals is their willingness to accept a sct of Ilrofl'ssion:11 anLi ethical principles which they will follow in the conduct of Iheir daily lives. This code is adopted by the professional regulation commission and the 42 professional n'gulatof) boards 10 co\'er.an environmenl of good governance in "hieh al\ Filipino profcssionals shall perform their duties. GENERAL I'RINCIPLES 1. Service To Others 2. Integrity and Objectivity 3. Professional Competence 4. Solidarity 2nd Teamwork S. Social and Civic responsibility 6. Global Competitiveness 7. Equality of all professions NUI�SING COnE OF ETHICS J{egistered Nurse and People Ethical Principles I) Values, customs and spIritual beliefs shall be respectcd 2) )ndhitlual freedom to make decisions 3) )'erson:!.! information liIequired must be in eonfideuee