Proceedings

CONTAINING POWER THEFTS AND ENFORCEMENT MECHANISM

“

A PRESENTATION BY ROHIT KATIYAR DY. COMMANDANT CISF

INDIAN POWER SECTOR • FOR THE LAST SIX DECADES INDIAN POWER SECTOR HAS ACHIEVED SOME REMARKABLE MILESTONES : ¾ Generation capacity has increased from 1,712 MW in 1950 to 1,28,581 MW ¾The growth in the transmission lines has been from 3,708 ckm in to more than 2,50,000 ckm today ¾Per capita electricity consumption has increased from 15 kwh to 606 kwh and expected to grow to 932 kwh by 2012.

INDIAN POWER SECTOR…. ™ 100% electrified cities ™ More then 84% villages electrified ™ 5th largest energy consumption in the world ™ Investment of Rs.25547 Cr via Five Year Plan (till IX plan) ™ Formation of Regional Grid and National Grid

FACT REMAINS…. ™ 10% deficit in Base Demand ™ ™ ™ ™

14% deficit Peak Demand Regular power cuts to maintain grid discipline Only 56% household have access to electricity Only 44% household in rural area have access to electricity ™ Per capita electricity consumption is lowest in world (113th as per the survey carried out in 2003 for 138 countries) ™ Increase of more than 300% in the cost of per unit of electricity since 1990

MAJOR FACTORS RESPONSIBLE ™ High energy mismatch between electricity supplied & billed and corresponding revenue realized i.e. high AT&C losses ™ High T&D loss have aggravated the financial situation of the utilities. • . . . total financial losses of all SEB’s accumulated to more than 10 times to Rs. 33,000 Cr. during the last decade . . .which could well have been used for other developmental work

HIGH AT&C LOSSES

EFFECT…………

•INCREASE IN TARRIF

and the affected………..

•The honest consumer

THE DELHI EXPERIMENT

POWER REFORMS IN DELHI

- BACKGROUND • 1905 – M/S JOHN FLEMING CO.WAS PROVIDED LICENCE TO SUPPLY POWER TO INHABITANTS OF DELHI • 1958 – ONUS SHIFTED TO DESU, A WING OF MCD OF DELHI • 1990’s POWER SITUATION WORSENED •

1997- DVB (DELHI VIDYUT BOARD) WAS CREATED. BUT INITIATIVES TAKEN FOR LOSS REDUCTION SCHEMES OVER THE YEARS FAILED TO GENERATE ADEQUATE RESULTS

Road to reform and privatization •1999,

A WHITE PAPER ON “PRIVATIZATION AND RESTRUCTURING”, WAS APPROVED BY GOVERNMENT OF DELHI (GoNCTD) FOR IMPLEMENTATION. • DELHI ELECTRICITY REGULATORY COMMISSION (DERC) WAS CONSTITUTED. •2000, REFORM ORDINANCE WAS PASSED BY THE LEGISLATURE. •JULY 2002, PRIVATISATION EFFECTED •THE DISTRIBUTION AREA (1397 SQ.KMS) OF NCT OF DELHI WAS DIVIDED BETWEEN BRPL, NDPL AND BYPL (EXCEPT MES AND NDMC AREA)

NDPL 510 SQ KM 160 SQ KM

BYPL

BRPL

750 SQ KM

CONGRATULATIONS TO DISCOMS

FOR SUCCESSFULLY SURPASSING THE TARGETED 17% REDUCTION IN AT&C LOSSES IN LAST FIVE YEARS

PERFORMANCE DETAILS/AT&C LOSSES Opening Level

Year

BSES RAJDHANI

BSES YAMUNA

NORTH DELHI POWER LTD.

48.10

57.20

48.10

Target

Achieved

Level

Target

Achieved

Level

Target

Achieved

Level

2002-03

47.55

47.40

56.45

61.89

47.60

47.79

2003-04

46.00

45.06

54.70

54.29

45.35

44.86

2004-05

42.70

40.64

50.70

50.12

40.85

33.79

2005-06

36.70

35.53

45.05

43.89

35.35

26.52

2006-07

31.10

29.92

39.95

39.03

31.10

25.00

AT&C LOSS LEVELS 70 60 50 40 BYPL BRPL NDPL

30 20 10 0 Opening Level (Apr' 02)

2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

REASONS FOR AT&C LOSSES • THEFT OF ENERGY IN METERED CONNECTIONS • THEFT BY UN-METERED CONSUMERS • LOSS IN DISTRIBUTION • NON-PAYMENT OF ENERGY BILLS

THEFT SCENARIO……… • RAMPANT THEFT • REVENUE LOSS OF APPROX. Rs.3000 Cr./Annum • POWER THEFT AS A SOCIAL EVIL • NOT CONSIDERED AS A CRIME AMONG CONSUMERS OF ALL STRATA

THEFT SCENARIO……

CONTD…

DISCOMS CARRY OUT 6000-7000 RAIDS IN AYEAR

DETAILS OF DAE AND DT CASES

(AS ON APRIL 2007)

PARTICUL ARS

NO OF CASES

TOTAL CASES SETTLED

TOTAL AMOUNT RECOVER ED ( RS LACS)

CASES FILED IN SPL COURT

CASES CLEARED

FINAL JUDGMENT

BSES RAJDHANI

28255

15178

6550.39

2195

532

NIL

BSES YAMUNA

23396

8916

4274.8

2287

491

115

NORTH DELHI POWER LTD

24655

11210

6805.96

1348

665

14

METHODS OF THEFT • DIRECT THEFT (DT) • DISHONEST ABSTRACTION OF ENERGY (DAE) • TAMPERING WITH CURRENT COIL • BY-PASSING OF PHASE/NEUTRAL TERMINALS • INSTALLING RESISTENCE OR SHUNT • SHORTING THE PHASE AND NEUTRAL TERMINALS, etc.

Low Revenue Realization Low revenue realization

High % of revenue loss

lack of accountability for energy supplied

unmetered supply, bypassing of meters

defective meters, direct connections

Poor and inadequate distribution network.

HOW POWER THEFT CAN BE CURBED??

1. BY STRICT LEGISLATIVE PROCEDURES

ELECTRICITY ACT 2003 ANTI THEFT PROVISIONS •

Un-authorised use of electricity

•

Entry, Search and Seizure

•

Penal Action for Theft

•

Abetment

•

Assessment

•

Short Billing

•

Special Court

•

Compounding

•

Disconnection

Section 135(2) •

Provides for entry, search and seizure when there is reason to believe that electricity has been, is being or is likely to be, used unauthorizedly.

•

Seizure of books and documents provided in addition to incriminating material used for theft of energy

•

Restriction on inspection during night time in domestic premises – inspection in the presence of adult male member only

•

Power to break open and search in case entry is refused

Section 135 • Exhaustive definition covering as many types of theft as possible • Imprisonment upto 3 years OR fine OR both • Imprisonment for a minimum period of 6 months upto 5 years provided for 2nd and subsequent convictions for consumers using loads in excess of 10 KW only. • Fine to be at 3 times the gain in case of first conviction and 6 times the gain for 2nd and subsequent convictions

SPECIAL COURTS Section 153 Provides for constitution of Special Courts for each area which shall have the power of Courts of Session. Power of Suo Motto cognizance procedural delays.

not provided which may lead to

Provides for summary trial (Section 154(3))

SECTION 135 (IA)

• Authorised officer of the licensee can now file FIR within 24 hrs of disconnection of supply. • The Police can take cognizance of the offence and investigate the crime • The Special Court can take the cognizance of the offence • Consumer can get the supply restored only after paying the assessed amount without prejudice to the right of the licensee to take recourse to the proceedings under law.

Latest Amendment to Electricity Act 2003 SECTION 126

• The assessing officer shall pass a final order on assessment within 30 days • The assessment shall be done on the basis of twice the applicable tariff and for a period of 12 months

2. TECHNOLOGY UPGRADATION ™ Its time to adopt the advance technologies and application specifically designed for the power sector ™ Technical changes that make theft difficult e.g. laying PVC coated aerial conductors (ABC) cables that cannot be pilfered by using crocodile pins or putting up pole meters. ™ Applications such as ™ ™ ™ ™ ™ ™

Remote/Automatic Meter Reading Real Time Monitoring Systems such as SCADA/DMS etc. Online Energy Accounting System Pre Payment System HT distribution Underground cable distribution

3. STRINGENT ENFORCEMENT MECHANISM • ROLE OF DISCOM ENFORCEMENT WING: – Reduce T & D Losses by conducting massive raids for detection of theft of power by unscrupulous consumers – keep strict vigil/surveillance of theft prone establishments/areas – Lodge FIR in cases of Direct Theft

Role of CISF • Associate the Enforcement teams • Provide protection to the Inspecting / raiding teams while conducting inspection / raids in difficult / theft prone areas • Bring discipline in consumers

4. 100% REALISATION OF ELECTRICITY BILL : ROLE OF BUSINESS MANAGERS

5. PROACTIVE APPROACH THROUGH ADVERTISEMENT CAMPAIGN TO EDUCATE CITIZENS AGAINST POWER THEFT.

6. Public Participation • Through RWA’s • NGO’s • Nukkad Nataks • Schools

EFFCIENCY IN COLLECTION OF BILLS

100% METERING AT 33/11KV SUBSTATIONS AND CONSUMER END

REDUCED LOSSES BY STRENGTHING DISTRIBUTION NETWORK

INCREASED REVENUE REALISATION TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS FOR CHECKING THEFT

TARIFF RATIONALISATION

SIMPLIFICATION OF PROCEDURE FOR NEW CONNECTIONS AND INCREASE IN LOAD

Dr. Manmohan Singh, P.M. in his Independence Day address

“I HAVE OFTEN SAID THAT EXCEPT FOR THE POOREST SECTIONS OF SOCIETY, GIVING ELECTRICITY FREE OF COST TO OTHER SECTIONS WILL WORSEN THE FINANCIAL CONDITION OF OUR ELECTRIC UTILITIES. WE NEED TO GET USED TO PAYING A REASONABLE PRICE FOR ELECTRICITY JUST AS WE DO FOR PETROLEUM PRODUCTS. THROUGH THIS, WE CAN ENSURE SUPPLY OF ELECTRICITY IN THE RIGHT QUANTITY AT THE RIGHT TIME AND OF RIGHT QUALITY”

THANK YOU FOR LISTENING TO ME

-JAI HIND

People pay readily for LPG, Diesel and gas People pay readily up to Rs.250 per month for TV cable connections and this is a viable business.