Presentation: Introduction To Rural Africa Water Development Project In Nigeria

Rural Africa Water Development Project Nigeria as a Base Camp Joachim Ibeziako Ezeji Project Coordinator/CEO

Country Profile • Population: 130.2million (UN 2005) • Capital: Abuja • Administrative Structure: 36 states • Area: 923,768 km2 • Urban Population: 50% – growth rate of 5.5% per annum

• Poverty level: Between 54.4% and 70%

Outline • Country Profile • Objectives & Project Locations • Sanitation and Water Problems • Case Studies • Addressing the challenges • 6 Major Activities • More about RAWDP • Questions

Country profile

Water Resources Endowment • Surface Water : 268 billion m3 • Groundwater:52 billion m3 • Major rivers: 24 • Large lake: 1 • Natural Springs: Several • Rainfall – in the South, about 2000 mL – in the North, less than 400mL

Our Objectives • To promote public health through appropriate sanitation and hygiene interventions. • To improve access to safe drinking water through household water treatment technologies and other interventions. • To promote productive uses and management of water as a poverty alleviation strategy. • To promote gender concerns in water and sanitation projects.

Location of Projects • Currently based in eastern Nigeria – covers eleven states of Nigeria. – includes the 9 oil producing states of the Niger Delta.

• We currently have a reach and plan for 7 states in this region – Imo, Abia, Rivers, Delta, Akwa Ibom, Ondo, and Bayelsa states.

Problems (Water) • Over 10 million people found in the oil-bearing Niger Delta are vulnerable to these concerns • Public health concerns associated with industrial pollution • High population density and poorly managed on-site sanitation

Problems (Water cont.) • Leachate plumes and organic growth in water wells • As of today, many abandoned and comatose boreholes dot the entire landscape. • The environmental regulatory laws have not been well enforced.

Problems (Sanitation) • Open Defecation • No central sewerage system • No treatment site for emptied human waste • Many households share sanitary facilities with an average user ratio of 20 persons per latrine per day • Poor drainage systems • Aesthetic problems and smells

Case Study: Port Harcourt City Sanitation • Population of 2.5 million people – Annual growth rate of 5.5%.

• Approximately 2,000 tons of fecal sludge generated daily in the city. • Open defecation is still common. • About 85% of households in Port Harcourt share sanitary facilities with a user ratio of 50 persons per latrine (toilet) per day. • The two Local Government Councils in the city have no defined strategy for this problem.

Case Study: Port Harcourt City Water Personal Boreholes 20%

Utility 5%

Mobile Vendors 15%

Commercial Boreholes 60%

Once sourced, only 2% use relevant Point of Use treatment technologies

Case Study Uboma, Imo State Regional Topography

•Hilly in the north and west

•Massive clays and beds of old shale with roughly developed bands of chert •Rapid surface runoff has cut deep, steep-sided gullies in the flanks of the hills.

•Relatively flat in the south

Case Study: Uboma, Imo State • Population:10,000 • Average Household Income: US $2.5 per day • State of Infrastructure: Poor • Current Domestic Water Usage:15-30L/person/day • No latrines in local markets and public spots. • Open defecation is rife. • The few latrines are primitive, filthy, smelly and with lots of flies.

Case Study State Water Utilities • UNICEF and WHO recently conducted an urban water assessment in Nigeria. • Poor performance of many public water agencies in the supply of potable water to the people. – The report urged the government to establish national regulatory agency for sanitation and water supply schemes in the country. Source: Adeze Ojukwu, Daily Champion, May 5, 2006.

Addressing these challenges We Act through: • Action research • Networking and advocacy • Action intervention • Capacity Building

Research • Use of Moringa Oleifera plant in rural water treatment • Use of Dual Rotary (DR) drills in unstable overburden formations • Use of hydra-drill in private development of boreholes • Studies on the productive uses of water • Studies on urban renewal strategies in the Niger Delta • Studies on the efficiency of waste stabilization ponds and photo-re-mediation technologies in Nigeria • Studies on Aquitards in Southeastern Nigeria

Networking and Advocacy • RAWDP has advanced campaigns through the media (print and electronic) and oral (symposia, workshops and conferences) on – Integrated water resource management – Sanitation and hygiene issues – Gender mainstreaming in the water sector

Action Intervention • Mainly on household water treatment using: – Bio-sand filter – Moringa oleifera – Mor-Sand Filter

The Mor-sand Filter

Filter Under Construction

Completed Filter

Filter in Use

1 Major Activity st

• Rural Household Bio-Sand Filter Installations – sponsored by the African Development Bank. – A safe water intervention that included: • Value Based Water • Sanitation promotion and hygiene education in local households

– Project started in June 2003 and covered 2,000 households in Nigeria

2

nd

Major Activity

• Urban Water Quality Test Campaigns – sponsored by the International Water Association and American Clean Water Foundation – A global educational exercise designed to raise awareness and stimulate interest in the importance of clean water for everyone on the planet. – Project was from 9/2004 – 10/2005.

3 Major Activity rd

• Participatory WATSAN (Water and Sanitation) Assessment Exercise – involved urban stakeholder teams in Jos, Nigeria – Water for African Cities Phase II (WACII) Project • also had a gender lens

– Project was in 2005

4 Major Activity th

• Moringa oleifera (Mo) for clean water project – sponsored by the World Bank – consists of the cultivation, promotion and marketing of the ground Mo seeds as an alternative conditioner in water treatment – Project was in 2005

The Moringa oleifera pods

5 Major Activity th

• Geophysical Surveys and Borehole Drilling Program – sponsored by private owners/users. – in urban, peri-urban and rural parts of Eastern Nigeria – Project began in 1998 and still continues

6th Major Activity • Mor-sand Filter for Oil Producing Communities Project – sponsored by the World Bank Development Marketplace – in environmentally degraded oil producing communities in Niger delta region Nigeria. – consists of manufacturing filters training community youths, and marketing of these clean water filters – currently a start up.

Another Initiative! • Mechanical latrine emptying, upgrading and short listing in Port Harcourt. – Partnering with the public sector

• improve public health, personal dignity and the quality of the living environment.

– Project specific areas of interest include: • the emptying of septic tanks and pits

– treat the waste for reuse in agriculture

• building of latrines • sanitation promotional trainings etc.

– The project is built on the realization that all septic tanks and pits will eventually become full of accumulated human sludge.

Who works with me? • I work with a team of young scientists, engineers and managers who are service minded. • We have opted to use our talent and learning to assist poor people who live in poor remote communities in eastern Nigeria.

RAWDP delegation at a reception with some members of the African community in Toronto, Canada.

Recent Awards & Recognition • Innovative Project Prize from African Development Bank 2004. • Most Creative Idea Award from the World Bank Development Marketplace 2005. • Recognition Award from the World Bank Development Marketplace 2005 and 2006. • World Bank Development Marketplace Winner/Grant Award 2006. • Business in Development (BID) Challenge Award 2006. • Tech Museum Laureate 2006 Award to RAWDP Founder.

Our Foreign Partners/Supporters • The Centre for Affordable Water and Sanitation (CAWST) – Calgary, Canada

• Broad African Resource Centre – Toronto, Canada

• The Gender and Water Alliance – Netherlands

• Engineers for a Sustainable World (ESW) – Stanford University and the University at Buffalo

• The Water, Environment Development Centre – Loughborough University, UK.

• The African Development Bank (AfDB). • The World Bank

Local Partners • The Imo State – Nigeria Ministry of Public Utilities and Rural Development. • Rotary, Rotaract and Leo Clubs in Eastern Nigeria (District 9140). • Imo State Water Development Agency (IWADA) Owerri. • Ten Local Councils in the Niger Delta.

Desired Support: • We need your support in this project as: – Volunteers – Benefactors – Donors.

• Nothing, I mean nothing is too meager for us.

Questions & Contact • Thank you!

• Email me: [email protected] • Email ESW: [email protected]